最新小学英语全部知识点复习精华版上课讲义
英语复习小结
一、 名词：有可数名词和不可数名词。 1、可数名词有单数、复数之分，
名词复数形式的构成规则： (1) 一般在名词词尾加“s ”
如：teacher —teacher s egg---egg s (2) 以s, x, sh, ch 结尾的名词加es
如class---classes box-- boxes bus --buses watch--watches
(3) 以辅音字母+y 的名词变y 为i 再加es 如：story---stor ies library---librar ies ,
dictionary----dictionar ies
hobby---hobb ies
(4) 以f, fe 结尾的名词，变f, fe 为v 加es 如：life ---li ves leaf ---lea ves half---hal ves
knife---kni ves
wolf-wol ves
wife---wi ves
(5) 以o 结尾的名词“英雄芒果土豆西红柿”加es hero---hero es mango--- mango es
potato--- potato es tomato--- tomato es
其余加s （目前所学的词） zoo---zoos kilo---kilos
radio —radios photo--- photos piano-- pianos
(6)不规则名词单复数形式
如： child — children woman --- women man ---men foot---feet tooth---teeth 有的可数名词单、复数形式相同，如 Japanese ，
Chinese ，sheep,
如： I have one sheep. He has two sheep.
2、不可数名词没有复数形式
不可数名词有：(1)milk, water, juice, tea, ice; (2) food, rice, meat, fish, chicken, bread, cheese
(3) paper, newspaper , hair, time, money, homework, housework
不可数名词的数量常表示如下
two bottles of milk a cup of juice half a kilo of cheese
a bag of rice three kilos of meat some water 二、人称代词
人称代词包括主格和宾格。主格在句中作主语，宾格用于动词或介词后作宾语。 We are going to have a picnic. Let us go. I miss everyone in China. Who can help me ?
What is he doing? He is trying to get on the bus. Look at him .
She can ’t hear. This dog helps her . Tell me more about the Great Wall. 三．物主代词
物主代词包括形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。
形容词性物主代词后需跟名词，名词性物主代词后不用跟。
名词性物主代词含义=形容词性物主代词+名词 的含义
This is my book. = This book is mine.
This is his bag. = This bag is his.
Your watch is old, but hers is new.
Thanksgiving is my favourite festival.
We say “Thank you” for our food, family and friends.
四、疑问词
who 谁what 什么when 什么时候what time 几点
where 哪里why 为什么how 怎样how much 多少
how many 多少how old 多大whose 谁的
what colour 什么颜色how long 多长
1.对人物提问用who
Who gave it to you? Simon’s family gave it to me.
Who can help me? I can help you.
2.对事物或做某事提问用what
What do you want? I want a hot dog.
What are you doing? I am reading a book.
What are you going to study? I’m going to study English.
What are you going to do? We’re going to walk around the lake.
What’s it about? It’s about animals.
3.对时间提问用when
When are you going to eat? We’re going to eat at half past twelve.
When was he born? He was born in 1809.
4.对点钟提问用what time
What time is it? It’s twelve.
What time do you get up? I get up at six o’clock.
5.对地点提问用where
Where was he born? He was born in France.
Where are you? I am on the train.
Where’s your mum? She’s at the supermarket.
6.对原因提问用why
Why are you wearing a raincoat? Because it’s going to rain.
7.对身体状况或方式提问用how
How are you? I’m fine.
How are you going to go to school? I’m going to go to school by bus.
8.对价钱或不可数名词的数量提问用how much How much is it? It’s thirteen dollars and twenty-five cents.
How much milk do you want? I want two bottles of milk.
9.对可数名词的数量提问用how many
How many books are there on the desk?
There are three books on the desk.
10.对年龄提问用how old
How old are you? I’m twelve.
11.对“某人的”提问用whose
Whose cap is this? It’s Amy’s cap.
Whose pen is that? It’s his pen.
12.对颜色提问用what colour
What colour is it? It’s black.
13.对星期提问用what day
What day is it today? It’s Monday.
14.How long is it?
It’s about six thousand seven hundred kilometers.
特殊疑问句语序：疑问词+ 一般疑问句语序？
例：How do you go to school?
疑问词（做主语）+ 谓语动词+……?
例：Who gave it to you?
五．时态
1.一般过去时
表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。
经常与表示过去的时间连用。如yesterday（昨天）, last week（上周）, last month（上个月）, last year（去年）, two months ago（两个月前）等。构成：(1)肯定句：主语+动词过去式+ ……
He made a video.
否定句：主语+didn't +动词原形+ ……
He didn’t make a video.
一般疑问句：Did +主语+动词原形+ …….?
Did he make a video?
(2) be动词用was, were . 否定句在was,
were后加not. 一般疑问句把was, were
提前到句首。
She was born in America.
She was not born in America.
Was she born in America?
2. 现在进行时
表示现在正在进行的动作
构成：主语+am /is / are+ 现在分词+……
The birds are singing in the trees.
否定句在am /is / are后加not.
The birds are not singing in the trees.
一般疑问句把am /is / are提前到句首。
Are the birds singing in the trees?
3.一般将来时
表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态。经常与表示将来的时间连用。如tomorrow (明天), next week（下周）, next year（明年）等。
构成：(1) 主语+ will + 动词原形+……
He will pick up the apples.
否定句在will后加not.
He will not pick up the apples.
一般疑问句把will提前到句首。
Will he pick up the apples?
(2) 主语+ be going to + 动词原形+……
We are going to study French.
否定句在am /is / are后加not.
We are not going to study French.
一般疑问句把am /is / are提前到句
首。
Are you going to study French?
4. 一般现在时
表示经常性，习惯性的动作或存在的状态。
构成：（1）主语+am /is / are+……
否定句在am /is / are后加not. 一般疑问
句把am /is / are提前到句首。
Helen Keller is a model for blind people
and for you and me.
(2) 肯定句：主语+动词原形+ ……
The ducks like it.
否定句：主语+don't +动词原形+ ……
The ducks don’t like it.
一般疑问句：Do +主语+动词原形+ …….?
Do the ducks like it?
(3) 肯定句：主语(三单)+动词第三人称单数形式+ ……
He likes noodles.
否定句：主语+doesn't +动词原形+ ……
He doesn’t like noodles.
一般疑问句：Does +主语+动词原形+ …….?
Does he like noodles
六．动词过去式形式
规则动词的过去式构成
1.一般在动词词尾加ed
如：work --- worked play---played watch-- watched
2.以e 结尾动词在词尾加d
如：live --- lived
3.以辅音字母+ y结尾的动词，把y变为i 再加
ed
如：study ---studied copy---copied cry---cried carry---carried
4.有些动词双写最后一个字母再加ed，
如：stop ---stopped drop--- dropped
5、不规则动词的过去式变化规律性不强，须多加记忆。
动词原形动词过去式动词原形动词过去式go went come came
become became bring brought
say said put put
teach taught can could
read read give gave
am/is was are were
do did fly flew
have had make made
run ran see saw
ride rode win won
get got tell told
eat ate send sent
take took buy bought
sit sat meet met
write wrote draw drew
swim swam fly flew
rink drank give gave
ring rang fall fell
七．动词ing形式也是现在分词形式
现在分词的构成规则
1.一般在动词词尾直接加“ing”
sleep---sleeping look---looking wear---wearing
send---sending eat---eating sing---singing
go---going jump---jumping
play---playing
2.以不发音的e结尾的动词要去掉e再加上“ing”
write---writing come---coming ride---riding
have---having make---making shine---shining take---taking close-- closing
3.有些动词双写最后一个字母再加“ing”
get---getting put---putting sit---sitting run---running swim---swimming skip---skipping shop---shopping
八．动词第三人称单数形式
动词第三人称单数的构成规则1．大多数动词在词尾加“S”.
stop－stops make－makes read－
reads
play－plays say [sei]－says [sez]
2．以辅音字母加“y”结尾的，要先将“y”变为“i”，然后在加“es”
fly－flies carry－carries study－studies worry－worries
3．以“s, x, sh，ch, o”结尾，在词尾加“es”.
teach－teaches watch－watches go— goes do-- does
九、情态动词can 过去式could 后加动词原形
I can write English.
I can carry this bag. I can help you.
We can always be friends. Later she could read and write.
否定句在can, could 后加not
can not = can’t could not = couldn’t
We can’t go now. I can’t write Chinese.
I can’t carry everything. His friends can’t hear him.
She couldn’t see and she couldn’t hear.
一般疑问句把can, could提前到句首。
Can you swim? Yes, I can. / No, I can’t.
Can you speak English? Can I write to your friends?
Can you be my Chinese pen friend? Yes, of course.
十．反义词
big--- small long--- short new--- old tall--- short
young--- old heavy--- light easy--- hard/ difficult
up--- down early---late fat--- thin white--- black
cry--- laugh different --- same inside---outside hot---cold
happy---sad good---bad clean---dirty bring---take
this---that these---those always---never woman---man
十一、同音词
for--- four son--- sun hour--- our too-- two
right--- write eye --- I aren’t--- aunt sent---cent
where--- wear their--- there by--- buy see---sea
十二.、近义词
good--- well study --- learn
十三、缩写形式与完全形式
I am = I’m he is = he’s she is = she’s it is = it’s
that is = that’s what is = what’s let us = let’s
we are = we’re they are = they’re you are= you’re
can not= can’t could not = couldn’t should not = shouldn’t will not = won’t I’ll = I will we’ll = we will
do not = don’t does not = doesn’t did not = didn’t
it has got = it’s got I have got = I’ve got have not = haven’t has not = hasn’t
are not = aren’t is not = isn’t
十四、小学英语分类单词和词组
天气：
rain下雨snow下雪rainy有雨的snowy有雪的
hot炎热的cold 寒冷的warm温暖的cool凉爽的
windy有风的sunny晴朗的
食物：
hamburger汉堡hot dog热狗sandwich三明治chip 薯条chicken鸡肉fish鱼肉meat肉noodles面条rice大米
soup汤cake蛋糕bread面包cheese奶酪
vegetable蔬菜fruit水果sausage香肠biscuit饼干
sweets糖果ice cream冰激凌peanut花生饮料：
milk牛奶tea茶orange juice橙汁coffee咖啡
cola可乐water水juice果汁
颜色：
red红色的green绿色的yellow黄色的black 黑色的white白色的orange橙色的blue蓝色的purple紫色的pink粉红色的
星期：
Monday星期一Tuesday星期二Wednesday星期三
Thursday星期四Friday星期五Saturday星期六Sunday星期日
月份：
January一月February二月March三月April 四月May五月June六月July七月August 八月September九月October十月November 十一月December十二月
季节：
spring春天summer夏天autumn秋天winter 冬天
数字：
one一two 二three三four四five五six六seven七
eight八nine九ten十eleven十一twelve十二
thirteen十三fourteen十四fifteen十五sixteen十六
seventeen十七eighteen十八nineteen十九twenty二十
thirty三十forty四十fifty五十sixty六十seventy七十
eighty八十ninety九十one hundred一百one thousand 一千one million 一百万
衣服：
T-shirt T恤衫dress裙子sweater毛衣trousers 裤子skirt短裙sock袜子shoe鞋coat 外套，上衣
动物：
cat猫dog狗monkey猴panda熊猫elephant大象
tiger老虎lion狮子pig猪chameleon变色龙snake蛇mouse老鼠bear熊kangaroo袋鼠frog青蛙
parrot鹦鹉bird鸟owl猫头鹰camel骆驼
家庭成员：
grandmother奶奶grandfather爷爷grandparents 祖父母
mother妈妈father爸爸parents 父母亲brother 兄弟
sister姐妹uncle叔，伯，舅aunt 阿姨cousin表兄弟
学科：
Chinese语文English 英语Math数学PE体育Art艺术Science科学Physics物理Chemistry化学History历史Geography地理
节日：
Flag Day国旗日Thanksgiving Day感恩节Halloween万圣节Easter Festival复活节Christmas圣诞节
Spring Festival春节Lantern Festival元宵节
Dragon Boat Festival端午节Mid-Autumn Festival 中秋节
名胜景点：
Big Ben大本钟the River Thames泰晤士河Hyde Park海德公园Tower Bridge塔桥the London Bridge伦敦桥
the British Museum 大英博物馆the London Eye 伦敦眼
the Great Wall长城the Summer Palace颐和园the Changjiang River长江the West Lake西湖the Huangshan Mountain黄山
The Ming Tombs明十三陵Mount Qomolangma珠穆朗玛峰
球类：
play football踢足球play basketball打篮球play baseball打棒球play table tennis打乒乓球play volleyball打排球
棋类：
play chess下象棋
乐器：
play the guitar弹吉他play the drums敲鼓play the zither弹吉他play the piano弹钢琴play the flute吹笛子play the trumpet吹小号
体育运动：
have a Sports Day举行运动会do morning exercises做早操
do Taijiquan打太极拳do the high jump跳远do the long jump跳高run the 100 meters跑一百米run fast跑得快jump high跳高jump long跳远swim游泳go swimming去游泳skip跳绳control the ball控制球catch the ball 接球row a boat划船
生日：
Happy Birthday! 生日快乐make a birthday card 制作生日卡片have a birthday party举办生日派对have a great birthday过愉快的生日
交通工具：
by bus乘公共汽车by car乘小汽车by bike骑自行车by plane乘飞机by ship乘轮船by train坐
火车on foot步行
词组：
fly kites或者fly a kite放风筝go to see films去看电影watch TV看电视play computer games玩电脑游戏
have a picnic吃野餐go to school去上学go home回家
go to the park去公园go to middle school去上中学go to bed去睡觉go there 去那里go shopping去购物go to the doctor去看病say goodnight道晚安fly away飘走make a video制作录像make mistakes犯错误write a letter写信write a book写书take pictures=take photos照相listen to music听音乐read a book 读书read stories读故事
do homework做作业make a cake做蛋糕make dumplings做饺子wash clothes洗衣服make an e-card制作电子卡片ride a horse 骑马climb mountains爬山climb trees爬树have a lovely time 玩的开心ask questions问问题make a list 列清单shopping list购物单collect stamps收集邮票sing songs唱歌turn left向左转
clean the classroom打扫教室eat fast food吃快餐
turn right向右转go straight on直走have a cold感冒
have a headache头疼have breakfast 吃早餐have lunch吃午餐have supper吃晚餐= have dinner have a baseball team组建棒球队come on加油come in进来
come from 来自= be from come back回来click on点击go up the hill上山go down the hill下山
play with dolls玩洋娃娃find out查找be good at擅长
bring back归还out of 往外of course 当然可以
in English用英语all over the world=all around the world全世界stand up起立sit down坐下at the weekend在周末
not…at all一点也不get up起床get on上车get off下车
in a hurry匆忙next to挨着turn on the light打开灯point to指向
talk about谈论talk to sb和某人谈话give out分发
write to sb给某人写信say hello to sb向某人打招呼
缩写：
the PRC=the People’s Republic of China中华人民共和国
the USA=the United States of America 美国
the UN=the United Nations 联合国
the UK=the United Kingdom 英国
现在进行时和动词的现在分词
现在进行时
动词的现在进行时由be的现在时形式
“am/is/are+现在分词”构成，主要用于以下几方面。
（1）用来表示现在正在进行或发生的动作。例如：
What are you doing? We are playing basketball.
你们在干什么？我们在打篮球。
（2）有时用来表示现阶段正在进行，而说话时不一定正在进行的动作。例如：
Are they working hard this term?