ACCA财务管理综合练习
ACCA《财务成本管理基础》练习题
(注：表中制造费用、管理费用中的80%是固定 成本)
项目 销售收入 销售成本 其中：直接材料 生产工人计件工资 制造费用
销售税金及附加 （售价的4%） 门市销售计件工资 管理费用 税前利润
单位产品 10 7.725 4.025 0.575 3.125 0.4 0.5 1.00 0.375
全部产品（8万双） 800000 618000 322000 46000 250000 32000 40000 80000 30000
其中，制造费用中有一项是机器设备折旧 费，全年共180000元，按月平均分摊；其 余制造费用随产量而变动；销售税金及附 加按销售价格的2%计算得出；营业及管理 费用全部是固定成本，全年共120000元， 也是按月平均分摊。假设每月的产销量相 等，不考虑其它费用。
此时，销售经理收到一份特殊订单：5000盏 灯，每盏灯的价格是13元。他就这一订单 请示总经理，总经理抱怨说：“这价格确 实太低了！这个价格还不够弥补成本，更 何况为生产这盏灯还要花费2000元的设计 费！就算它不会对正常生产和销售产生影 响，我们也不能接受这笔订单。我们已经 亏损了，接受它，只会对企业造成更大的 亏损！”
年初东方宾馆直接来厂订货30000双，但 每双只出价7.5元，而且必须一次全部购置，否 则不要。此项业务不会影响市场上的正常需要 量。 对东方宾馆订货，厂长认为对方出价低于 每双的成本，而且还影响了正常生产能力，可 能造成亏损，不应接受。 生产科长算了一笔帐，认为即是减少正常 销售10000双，接收这笔订单仍然有利可图。 销售科长认为正常销售量应该保证，接受 这笔订单后，不足的生产能力可采取加班的方 法弥补。但每双要支付额外加班费1.8元，其它 费用不变。
案例分析1：
光明公司是一家灯具生产厂，全年的最大生 产能力是40000盏灯。该公司的总经理近日 心情不好，因为他才阅读了一份本年度1— —9月份的会计报表，如下：
ACCA财务管理基础练习题及答案
《财务成本管理基础》练习题一，单项选择题：1，企业发行债券，在名义利率相同的情况下,对其比较有利的复利计息期是（）。
A一年 B半年 C一季 D一月2，某投资方案的年营业收入为100万元，年营业支出为60万元(不包括所得税)，其中折旧为10万元，所得税率为40％，该方案每年的营业现金净流量为（）。
A 42万元B 56万元C 34万元D 28万元3，对于长期投资决策而言，下列各种说法中不正确的是（）。
A按收付实现制计算的现金流量比按权责发生制计算的净收益更加可靠B利用净现值不能揭示某投资方案可能达到的实际报酬率C分别利用净现值、内含报酬率、投资回收期、现值指数法进行项目评价时，结果可能不一致。
D投资回收期和会计收益率法都没有考虑回收期满以后的现金流量状况4，某企业编制“生产预算”，预计第一季度期初存货为120件；预计销售量第一季度为1500件，第二季度1600件；预计年末存货150件。
该企业存货量通常按下期销售量的10％比例安排期末存货，则“生产预算”中第一季度的预计生产量为（）。
A 1540件B 1460件C 810件D 1530件5，下列公式中不正确的是（）。
A利润=安全边际×边际贡献率 B 安全边际率十盈亏临界点作业率= lC安全边际率十边际贡献率=1 D 正常销售量一盈亏临界点销售量=安全边际6，敏感系数所具有的性质是（）。
A敏感系数为正数，参量值与目标值发生同向变化B只有敏感系数大于1的参量才是敏感因素C敏感系数为负数，参量值与目标值发生同向变化D只有敏感系数小于1的参量才是敏感因素7，降低保本点的办法是（）。
A降低销售量 B减少固定成本 C降低售价 D提高预计利润8，企业全面预算的出发点及各种预算的基础是（）。
A生产预算 B销售预算 C现金预算D直接人工预算9，A方案在三年内每年年初付款500元，B方案在三年内每年年未付款500元，若贴现率为10％，则两个方案第三年年末时的终值相差（）。
accasbr2023年9月模拟题
ACCASBR2023年9月模拟题一、概述ACCASBR（Strategic Business Reporting）是ACCA（Association of Chartered Certified Accountants）专业会计师考试的一部分，旨在培养会计专业人士具备高水平的战略商业报告能力。
本次模拟题将涵盖ACCASBR的主要考点和重点知识，旨在帮助考生更好地理解和掌握相关知识，为顺利通过ACCASBR考试提供帮助。
二、题目分析题目一：公司治理和道德问题题目二：财务报表分析题目三：商业组合与合并财务报告题目四：员工福利和薪酬题目五：战略规划与预算控制三、解题策略1. 仔细阅读题目，审题清楚，确保准确理解题目要求和考点；2. 根据题目的命题方向，有针对性地复习相关知识点，包括相关理论、实务案例和审计准则；3. 在实际解答中，要注重逻辑性、整体性和准确性，避免主观臆断和散乱表述；4. 考试时间分配要合理，控制好答题节奏，确保每道题都有充足的时间去思考和构思答案。
四、解题详解1. 公司治理和道德问题公司治理和道德问题一直是财务会计领域的热点问题，涉及公司内部控制、董事会职责、股东权益保护等多个方面。
在解答本部分问题时，考生需注意公司治理的重要性、内部控制的作用、董事会的职责以及道德问题对企业经营的影响等方面的内容。
2. 财务报表分析财务报表分析是财务会计中的核心内容，通过分析财务报表可以评估企业的经营状况和财务健康度。
在解答本部分问题时，考生需注意财务比率分析、现金流量表分析、财务报表附注的重要性等方面的知识点，同时结合实际案例进行分析，提高解题的可信度和说服力。
3. 商业组合与合并财务报告商业组合与合并财务报告是财务会计的重要内容之一，涉及并购交易的会计处理、商誉的确认与计量等方面。
在解答本部分问题时，考生需要熟悉商业组合的会计处理方法、子公司财务报表的合并方法、商誉的测试和减值等相关知识点，并能够结合具体案例进行分析和解答。
2021年ACCA考试模拟试题
2021年ACCA考试模拟试题：财务管理(1)1.在有限责任公司中，所有者的责任仅限于A.公司的债务B. 已发行普通股的市场价值C. 已发行普通股的票面价值D. 注册资本的价值2. 历史成本原则A. 不适用于资产负债表上的任何资产项目B.适用于资产负债表上某些负债项目C.适用于资产负债表上某些资产项目D. 适用于资产负债表上所有资产、负债项目3. 在进行财务比率分析时，假设货币价值A. 保持不变B. 变化可以预测C. 变化不可预测D. 不相关4. 企业评价投资项目时，计算全部现金流入量、现金流出量的现值，并将其进行比较，所得到的计算结果称为A. 回收期B.内部收益率C.会计报酬率D. 净现值5. 有4种评价投资的主要方法，其中考虑了货币时间价值的方法有A. 净现值法和内部收益率法B.内部收益率法和回收期法C.回收期法和会计报酬率法D. 会计报酬率法和净现值法6. 在存在资金限额的条件下，备选方案的排序应按下列哪种标准来进行A.现在已筹集到的资金的每元净现值B.尚需筹集的资金的每元净现值C. 尚需筹集的资金的每元内部收益率D.现在已筹集到的资金的每元内部收益率7. 在投资项目评价中，税款支出应A. 包含于现金流量之中B. 不包含在现金流量之中C. 包含于利润之中D.不包含在利润之中8. 抵押贷款是【】A. 一方以资产为担保借钱给另一方B.一种法律责任，以拥有的资产作担保的一项贷款C.一方向另一方借钱，并且以财产作担保，但不一定承担法律责任D.将款项支付给贷出方，其担保物是财产9. 营运资本应该【】A. 尽可能多B. 与企业的经营规模相适应C. 尽可能少D. 与长期资本一样多10. 存货周转率反映【】A. 商品销售的速度B. 商品付款的速度C. 客户购买存货付款的速度D. 购买商品的速度11. 一项兼并受到目标公司董事的反对，这项兼并称为【】A. 善意兼并B. 敌意兼并C. 横向兼并D. 企业的分立12. 给予现有普通股东购买新增发股票的权利是【】A. 发行可转换证券B. 发放贷款C. 发放奖金D. 发行优先认股权2021年ACCA考试模拟试题：财务管理(2)The following information should be used when answering questions 1, 2 and 3.ScenarioCAET have implemented a bespoke Human Resources (HR) system. The system has gone live but it has not proved very popular or successful, with users claiming that it only partly fulfils their requirements. A consultant has been hired toexamine their claims and to suggest how their concerns might be tackled.The consultant’s report has highlighted the role played by the Requirements Specification. He suggests that theRequirements Specification’s reliance on ambiguous textual specifications has led to problems of ill-defined and poorlycommunicated requirements. He claims that the‘analyst’s failure to use diagrammatic models has meant that manyrequirements were not fully understood before they were programmed. Specifications without diagrams are very difficult toquality assure.’ His report quotes several examples of textual specifications. Two specifications are reproduced below;Specification 1(field names are shown in italics)The system should hold information about Jobs (job number, job description, grade) and about the Departments (department name, department head) that these Jobs are in. A Department may have many Jobs allocated to it, but oneJob is only in one Department. When these Jobs become vacant they should be advertised in both Internal and Externalmedia. The information that must be stored isdate advertised, size of advertisement, noticeboard location(for internaladvertisement only),newsletter reference(for internal advertisement only),newspaper edition(for external advertisementonly) and cost of advertisement(for external advertisement only). Information about Applicants (applicant name, applicantaddress) is required, specifying which Job they are applying for and where they saw the Job advertised.Specification 2When an application form is received from an Applicant, a Clerk enters the information on the form into the system. As itis entered, it is validated against Job details to ensure that the Applicant is applying for a valid Job. Once details have beenentered they are stored on an Applicant database. Overnight a batch process is run to send an acknowledgement letter toeach Applicant. The date that the letter is sent is noted on the Applicant details held in the system.Redefinition ProjectThe consultant has suggested a Redefinition Project to address the problems encountered by the users. He says that,‘I am suggesting a mini-project with agreed Terms of Reference and a project plan. These problems need to be addressedin a planned manner’.The consultant is keen to stress that he does not wish to over-engineer the software solution. ‘We have to ensure that thetrade-off between time, cost and quality is appropriate for the delivered software’, he says, ‘the delivered software must beappropriately located on the time/cost/quality triangle.’1The consultant has recognised that ambiguous textual specification has contributed to the software’s problems. Heclaims that the ‘analyst’s failure to use diagrammatic models has meant that many requirements were not fullyunderstood before they were programmed.’ The implication is that the use of such diagrammatic models in analysiswould have solved many of the ambiguities of the specification.(a)Specification 1 in the scenario describes static structures, which could be modelled with a class model, entity-relationship model or logical data structure model.(i)Briefly explain the notation of EITHER a class model OR an entity-relationship model OR a logical datastructure model;(4 marks)(ii)Using this notation, model the information given in Specification 1. Note any assumptions you havemade or issues you would need to clarify with the user. Your answer should indicate the fields in eachentity/class.(6 marks)2021年ACCA考试模拟试题：财务管理(3) An organisation is reviewing the way that Information System (IS) projects are accounted for in the organisation. Atpresent the Information Systems department (which undertakes the IS projects) is a non-recharged cost centre.However, the organisation wishes to explore the advantages and disadvantages of other charging approaches.Four approaches are being considered(1)Non-rechargeable cost centre (current situation)(2)Recharged at cost(3)Recharged at a mark up (profit centre)(4)Setting up a separate IS companyRequired:FOR EACH of the FOUR approaches listed above:(i)briefly describe the principle of the approach;(1 mark)(ii)briefly describe ONE advantage of the approach;(2 marks)(iii)briefly describe ONE disadvantage of the approach.(2 marks)The mark allocation shown is for each approach, four approaches are listed.(20 marks)5(Designing Information Systems)An organisation wishes to purchase a software package to administer its workflow requirements. It is currently drawingup an Invitation to Tender (ITT) to send out to potential suppliers.Required:(a)Identify and briefly describe the contents of FOUR possible sections of the Invitation to Tender which will be sent to the potential suppliers.(12 marks)(b)Some of the managers are sceptical about the formal drawing up of an ITT. Project manager, Mary Mendes, claims ‘our approach is to select a software package from a well-established software house, show it to the usersand convince them that it is what they want. Ours is a much quicker approach than all this formal ITT stuff’.Explain the potential problems of Mary’s approach to software package selection and explain how these are overcome by a formal approach that includes the production of an ITT.(8 marks)(20 marks)46(Evaluating Information Systems)An examination board currently has a system where the following details are held about examinations. There are currently 1,000 examinations on file, set by 100 examiners. Each examiner has set 10 examinations. There is asimple computer file (called ASSESSMENT) containing 1,000 records. Each record has the following structure: ASSESSMENT fileField nameLength of fieldType of fieldExamination number4NumericExamination name30CharacterExaminer name30CharacterExaminer address50CharacterPassmark2Numeric2021年ACCA考试模拟试题：会计师与企业（1）Section A–BOTH questions are compulsory and MUST be attempted 1 Doric Co,a listed company,has two manufacturing divisions:parts and fridges.It has been manufacturing parts for domestic refrigeration and air conditioning systems for a number of years,which it sells to producers of fridges and air conditioners worldwide.It also sells around 50% of the parts it manufactures to its fridge production division.It started producing and selling its own brand of fridges a few years ago.After limited initial success,competition in the fridge market became very tough and revenue and profits have beendeclining.Without further investment there are currently few growth prospects in either the parts or the fridge divisions.Doric Co borrowed heavily to finance the development and launch of its fridges,and has now reached its maximum overdraft limit.The markets have taken a pessimistic view of the company and its share price has declined to 50c per share from a high of $2.85 per share around three years ago.Extracts from the most recent financial statements:A survey from the refrigeration and air conditioning parts market has indicated that there is potential for Doric Co to manufacture parts for mobile refrigerationunits used in cargo planes and containers.If this venture goes ahead then the parts division before-tax profits are expected to grow by 5% per year.The proposed venture would need an initial one-off investment of $50 million.Suggested proposalsThe Board of Directors has arranged for a meeting to discuss how to proceed and is considering each of the following proposals:1.To cease trading and close down the company entirely.2.To undertake corporate restructuring in order to reduce the level of debt and obtain the additional capital investment required to continue current operations.5.To close the fridge division and continue the parts division through a leveraged management buy-out,involving some executive directors and managers from the partsdivision.The new company will then pursue its original parts business as well as the development of the parts for mobile refrigeration business,described above.All the current and long-term liabilities will be initially repaid using the proceeds from the sale of the fridge division.The finance raised from the management buy-out will pay for any remaining liabilities,the additional capital investment required to continue operations and re-purchase the shares at a premium of 20%.The following information has been provided for each proposal:Cease tradingCorporate restructuringThe existing ordinary shares will be cancelled and ordinary shareholders will be issued with 40 million new $1 ordinary shares in exchange for a cash payment at par.The existing unsecured bonds will be cancelled and replaced with 270 million of $1 ordinary shares.The bond holderswill contribute $90 million in cash.All the shares will be listed and traded.The bank overdraft will be converted intoa secured ten-year loan with a fixed annual interest rate of 7%.The other unsecured loans will be repaid.In addition to this,the directors of the restructured company will get 4 million $1 share options for an exercise price of$1.10,which will expire in four years.An additional one-off capital investment of $80 million in machinery and equipment is necessary to increase sales revenue for both divisions by 7%,with no change to the costs.After the one-off 7% growth,sales will continue at the new level for the foreseeable future.It is expected that the Doric's cost of capital rate will reduce by 550 basis points following the restructuring from the current rate.Management buy-outThe parts division is half the size of the fridge division in terms of the assets and liabilitiesattributable to it.If the management buy-out proposal is chosen,a pro rata additional capital investment will be made to machinery and equipment on a one-off basis to increase sales revenue of the parts division by 7%.Salesrevenue will then continue at the new level for the foreseeable future.All liabilities categories have equal claim for repayment against the company's assets.It is expected that Doric's cost of capital rate will decrease by 100 basis points following the management buy-out from the current rate.The following additional information has been provided:Redundancy and other costs will be approximately $54 million if the whole company is closed,and pro rata for individual divisions that are closed.These costs have priority for payment before any other liabilities in case of closure.The taxation effects relating to this may be ignored.Corporation tax on profits is 20% and losses cannot be carried forward for tax purposes.Assume that tax is payable in the year incurred.All the non-current assets,including land and buildings,are eligible for tax allowable depreciation of 15% annually on the book values.The annual reinvestmentneeded to keep operations at their current levels is roughly equivalent to the tax allowable depreciation.The $50 million investment in the mobile refrigeration business is not eligible for any tax allowable depreciation.Doric's current cost of capital is 12%.Required:Prepare a report for the Board of Directors,evaluating the financial and non-financial impact of all the three proposals to Doric Co's main stakeholder groups,that includes:(i)An estimate of the return the debt holders and shareholders would receive in the event that Doric Co ceases trading and is closed down.(5 marks)(ii)An estimate of the income position and the value of Doric Co in the event that the restructuring proposal is selected.State any assumptions made.(8 marks)(iii)An estimate of the amount of additional finance needed and the value of Doric Co if the management buy-out proposal is selected.State any assumptions made.(8 marks)(iv)A discussion of the impact of each proposal on the existing shareholders,the unsecured bond holders,and the executive directors and managers involved in the management buy-out.Suggest which proposal is likely to be selected.(12 marks)Professional marks will be awarded in question 1 for the appropriateness and format of the report.(4 marks)(55 marks)2 Fubuki Co,an unlisted company based in Megaera,has been manufacturing electrical parts used in mobility vehicles for people with disabilities and the elderly,for many years.These parts are exported to various manufacturers worldwide but at present there are no local manufacturers of mobility vehicles in Megaera.Retailers in Megaera normally import mobility vehicles and sell them at an average price of $4,000 each.Fubuki Co wants to manufacture mobility vehicles locally and believes that it can sell vehicles of equivalent quality locally at a discount of 57.5% to the current average retail price.Although this is a completely new venture for Fubuki Co,it will be in addition to the company's corebusiness.Fubuki Co's directors expect to develop theproject for a period of four years and then sell it for $16 million to a private equity firm.Megaera's government has been positive about the venture and has offered Fubuki Co a subsidised loan of up to 80% of the investment funds required,at a rate of 200 basis points below Fubuki Co's borrowing rate.Currently Fubuki Co can borrow at 500 basis points above the five-year government debt yield rate.A feasibility study commissioned by the directors,at a cost of $250,000,has produced the following information.1.Initial cost of acquiring suitable premises will be $11 million,and plant and machinery used in the manufacture will cost $5 million.Acquiring the premises and installing the machinery is a quick process and manufacturing can commence almost immediately.2.It is expected that in the first year 1,500 unitswill be manufactured and sold.Unit sales will grow by 40% in each of the next two years before falling to an annual growth rate of 5% for the final year.After the first yearthe selling price per unit is expected to increase by 5% per year.5.In the first year,it is estimated that the total direct material,labour and variable overheads costs will be $1,200 per unit produced.After the first year,the direct costs are expected to increase by an annual inflation rate of 8%.4.Annual fixed overhead costs would be $2.5 million of which 60% are centrally allocated overheads.The fixed overhead costs will increase by 5% per year after the first year.5.Fubuki Co will need to make working capital available of 15% of the anticipated sales revenue for the year,at the beginning of each year.The working capital is expected to be released at the end of the fourth year when the project is sold.Fubuki Co's tax rate is 25% per year on taxable profits.Tax is payable in the same year as when the profits are earned.Tax allowable depreciation is available on the plant and machinery on a straight-line basis.It isanticipated that the value attributable to the plant and machinery after four years is $400,000 of the price at which the project is sold.No tax allowable depreciation is available on the premises.Fubuki Co uses 8% as its discount rate for new projects but feels that this rate may not be appropriate for this new type of investment.It intends to raise the full amount of funds through debt finance and take advantage of the government's offer of a subsidised loan.Issue costs are 4% of the gross finance required.It can be assumed that the debt capacity available to the company is equivalent to the actual amount of debt finance raised for the project.Although no other companies produce mobility vehicles in Megaera,Haizum Co,a listed company,produces electrical-powered vehicles using similar technology to that required for the mobility vehicles.Haizum Co's cost of equity is estimated to be 14% and it pays tax at 28%.Haizum Co has 15 million shares in issue trading at $2.55 each and $40 million bonds trading at $94.88 per $100.The five-year government debt yield is currently estimated at 4.5% and the market risk premium at 4%.Required:(a)Evaluate,on financial grounds,whether Fubuki Co should proceed with the project.(17 marks)(b)Discuss the appropriateness of the evaluation method used and explain any assumptions made in part(a)above.(8 marks)(25 marks)2021年ACCA考试模拟试题：会计师与企业（2）1 Bravado，a public limited company，has acquired two subsidiaries and an associate. The draft statements of financial position are as follows at 51 May 2009：Bravado Message Mixted$m $m $mAssets：Non-current assetsProperty，plant and equipment 265 250 161Investments in subsidiariesMessage 500Mixted 128Investment in associate - Clarity 20 Available-for-sale financial assets 51 6 5 - - -764 256 166- - -Current assets：Inventories 155 55 75Trade receivables 91 45 52Cash and cash equivalents 102 100 8- - -528 200 115- - -Total assets 1，092 456 279- - -Equity and liabilities：Share capital 520 220 100Retained earnings 240 150 80Other components of equity 12 4 7- - -Total equity 772 574 1872021年ACCA考试模拟试题：会计师与企业（3）On 1 June 2007，Bravado acquired 6% of the ordinary shares of Mixted. Bravado had treated this investment asavailable-for-sale in the financial statements to 51 May 2008 but had restated the investment at cost on Mixted becoming a subsidiary. On 1 June 2008，Bravado acquired a further 64% of the ordinary shares of Mixted and gained control of the company. The consideration for the acquisitions was as follows：Holding Consideration$m1 June 2007 6% 101 June 2008 64% 118- -70% 128- -Under the purchase agreement of 1 June 2008，Bravado is required to pay the former shareholders 50% of the profits of Mixted on 51 May 2010 for each of the financial years to 51 May 2009 and 51 May 2010. The fair value of this arrangement was estimated at $12 million at 1 June 2008 and at 51 May 2009 this value had not changed. This amount has not been included in the financial statements.At 1 June 2008，the fair value of the equity interestin Mixted held by Bravado before the business combination was $15 million and the fair value of the non-controlling interest in Mixted was $55 million. The fair value of the identifiable net assets at 1 June 2008 of Mixted was $170 million (excluding deferred tax assets and liabilities)，and the retained earnings and other components of equity were $55 million and $7 million respectively. There had been no new issue of share capital by Mixted since the date of acquisition and the excess of the fair value of the net assets is due to an increase in the value of property，plant and equipment (PPE)。
2015年12月ACCA考试F9财务管理真题(SectionB部分)及标准答案
2015年12月ACCA考试F9财务管理真题（SectionB部）(总分100, 考试时间180分钟)Section BGemlo Co is planning an expansion of existing business operations costing $10 million in the(a) Calculate the debt/equity ratio of Gemlo Co based on market values and comment on your findings.(b) Gemlo Co agrees with a bank that its business expansion will be financed by a new issue of 8% loan notes. The company then announces to the stock market both this financing decision and the expected increase in profit before interest and tax arising from the business expansion. Required:Assuming the stock market is semi-strong form efficient, analyse and discuss the effect of the financing and profitability announcement on the financial risk and share price of Gemlo Co.Required:(a) Evaluate the proposed forward rate agreement as a way of managing the interest rate risk anticipated by GXJ Co.该题您未回答:х 该问题分值: -3forward exchange rates and future (expected) spot rates.receivable.It is expected that investing $20 million in the business will increase income by 5% over theRequired:(a) Assess the impact of financing the business expansion by the loan note issue on financial position, financial risk and shareholder wealth after one year, using appropriate measures.company could be used in investment appraisal and indicate briefly how its limitations as a discount rate could be overcome.(a) Using a nominal terms net present value approach, evaluate whether purchasing the newmachine is financially acceptable.。
2023年ACCA考试真题精选
2023年ACCA考试真题精选第一题：财务会计假设您是一家制造业公司的财务经理。
您被要求准备财务报表，并解释公司2019年与2020年间发生的财务变化。
请根据以下数据和信息回答问题。
2019年数据：- 销售收入：500万美元- 销售成本：400万美元- 管理费用：50万美元- 借款利息：10万美元2020年数据：- 销售收入：600万美元- 销售成本：450万美元- 管理费用：55万美元- 借款利息：12万美元问题1：请计算2019年的净利润和净利润率，并与2020年进行比较。
解释净利润和净利润率的变化。
根据上述数据，2019年的净利润可通过以下公式计算：净利润=销售收入-销售成本-管理费用-借款利息净利润=500万美元-400万美元-50万美元-10万美元净利润=40万美元净利润率可通过以下公式计算：净利润率=(净利润/销售收入)×100%净利润率=(40万美元/500万美元)×100%净利润率=8%同样的方式，我们可以计算2020年的净利润和净利润率：净利润=600万美元-450万美元-55万美元-12万美元净利润=83万美元净利润率=(83万美元/600万美元)×100%净利润率=13.83%通过比较2019年和2020年的净利润和净利润率，我们可以得出以下结论：- 净利润从40万美元增加到83万美元。
这表明公司的盈利能力有所提高。
- 净利润率从8%增加到13.83%。
这说明公司在销售收入中的盈利比例增加了。
问题2：请根据净利润和净利润率的变化，分析公司在2019年与2020年间可能采取的经营策略。
根据净利润和净利润率的变化，我们可以推断公司可能采取了以下经营策略：1. 成本控制：销售成本从400万美元减少到450万美元，管理费用从50万美元增加到55万美元。
这表明公司在成本控制方面取得了一定的成效。
2. 销售增长：销售收入从500万美元增加到600万美元。
公司可能采取了一些措施，如市场拓展或产品创新，以增加销售额。
财务管理综合测试题精选全文
可编辑修改精选全文完整版综合试题6一、名词解释2’*5 (10’)1．财务决策2．终值3．公司的资产组合4．股权5．现金净流量二、单项选择题1’*15 (15’)1.下列能充分考虑资金时间价值和投资风险价值的理财目标是（）。
A.利润最大化B.资金利润率最大化C.每股利润最大化D.企业价值最大化2、某人将10000元存入银行，银行年利率为8%，按复利计算，则5年后此人可从银行取出（）元。
A、10200；B、10400；C、14000；D、146933.普通年金终值系数的倒数称为（）。
A.复利终值系数B.偿债基金系数C.普通年金现值系数D.回收系数4.下列措施中，只能提高安全边际而不能降低保本点的是（）。
A．增加销售量 B．提高单价C．降低单位变动成本 D．压缩固定成本开支5．如果其他因素不变，一旦贴现率提高，则下列指标中其数值将会变小的是( )。
A．净现值B．投资报酬率C．内部报酬率D．静态投资回收期6．在评价单一方案的财务可行性时，如果不同评价指标之间的评价结论发生了矛盾，就应当以主要评价指标的结论为准，如下列项目中的( )。
A．净现值 B．静态投资回收期C．投资报酬率D．年平均报酬率7.已知某种证券的β系数为1，则表明该证券( )。
A．基本没有投资风险B．与市场上的所有证券的平均风险一致C．投资风险很低D．比市场上的所有证券的平均风险高一倍8．某公司拟发行5年期债券进行筹资，债券票面金额为100元，票面利率为12％，而当时市场利率为10％，那么．该公司债券发行价格应为( )元。
A．93．22 B．100C．105．35 D．107．589．在下列各项中，不属于商业信用融资内容的是( )。
A．赊购商品B．预收货款C．办理应收票据贴现D．用商业汇票购货10．在财务预算中，用以反映企业预算期期末财务状况的财务报表是( )。
A．现金预算B．预计损益表C．预计资产负债表D．预计现金流量表11、在一定的产销数量限度范围内，当产品产销数量增加时，固定成本将（）A、增加；B、减少；C、相对稳定不变；D、不一定12、已知企业本年目标利润2500万元，产品单价1000元，变动成本率40%，产品固定成本为700万元，则要达到目标利润，企业应销售产品（）A、80000件；B、53333件；C、41667件；D、62500件13．某企业每月现金需要量为250000元，现金与有价证券的每次转换金额和转换成本分别为50000元和40元，其每月现金的转换成本为( )。
2016年12月ACCA考试《高级财务管理》真题及答案
2016年12月ACCA考试《高级财务管理》真题及答案2016年12月ACCA考试《高级财务管理》真题(总分：100.00，做题时间：150分钟)案例分析题Section A为必做题，Section B任意选两题。
(总题数：4，分数：125.00)Section A – This ONE question is compulsory and MUST be attemptedMorada Co is involved in offering bespoke travel services and maintenance services. In addition to owning a few hotels, it has built strong relationships with companies in the hospitality industry all over the world. It has a good reputation of offering unique, high quality holiday packages at reasonable costs for its clients. The strong relationships have also enabled it to offer repair and maintenance services to a number of hotel chains and cruise ship companies.Following a long discussion at a meeting of the board of directors (BoD) about the future strategic direction which Morada Co should follow, three directors continued to discuss one particular issue over dinner. In the meeting, the BoD had expressed concern that Morada Co was exposed to excessive risk and therefore its cost of capital was too high. The BoD feared that several good projects had been rejected over the previous two years, because they did not meet Morada Co’s high cost of capital threshold. Each director put forward a proposal, which they then discussed in turn. At the conclusion of the dinner, the directors decided to ask for a written report on the proposals put forward by the first director and the second director, beforetaking all three proposals to the BoD for further discussion.First director’s proposalThe first director is of the opinion that Morada Co should reduce its debt in order to mitigate its risk and therefore reduce its cost of capital. He proposes that the company should sell its repair and maintenance services business unit and focus just on offering bespoke travel services and hotel accommodation. In the sale, the book value of non-current assets will reduce by 30% and the book value of current liabilities will reduce by 10%. It is thought that the non-current assets can be sold for an after-tax profit of 15%.The first director suggests that the funds arising from the sale of the repair and maintenance services business unit and cash resources should be used to pay off 80% of the long-term debt. It is estimated that as a result of this, Morada Co’s credit rating will improve from Baa2 to A2.Second director’s proposalThe second director is of the opinion that risk diversification is the best way to reduce Morada Co’s risk and therefore reduce its cost of capital. He proposes that the company raise additional funds using debt finance and then create a new strategic business unit. This business unit will focus on construction of new commercial properties.The second director suggests that $70 million should be borrowed and used to invest in purchasing non-current assets for the construction business unit. The new debt will be issued in the form of four-year redeemable bonds paying an annual coupon of 6·2%. It is estimated that if this amount of debt is rai sed, then Morada Co’s credit rating will worsen to Ca3 from Baa2. Current liabilities are estimated to increase to $28 million.Third director’s proposalThe third director is of the opinion that Morada Co does not need to undertake the proposals suggested by the first director and the second director just to reduce the company’s risk profile. She feels that the above proposals require a fundamental change in corporate strategy and should be considered in terms of more than just tools to manage risk. Instead, she proposes that a risk management system should be set up to appraise Morada Co’s current risk profile, considering each type of business risk and financial risk within the company, and taking appropriate action to manage the risk where it is deemed necessary.Morada Co, extracts from the forecast financial position for the coming yearOther financial informationMorada Co’s forecast after-tax earnings for the coming year are expected to be $28 million. It is estimated that the company will make a 9% return after-tax on any new investment in non-current assets, and will suffer a 9% decrease in after-tax earnings on any reduction in investment in non-current assets.Morada Co’s current share price is $2·88 per share.According to the company’s finance division, it is very difficult to predict how the share price will react to either the proposal made by the first director or the proposal made by the second director. Therefore it has been assumed that the share price will not change following either proposal.The finance division has further assumed that the proportion of the book value of non-current assets invested in each business unit gives a fair representation of the size of each business unit within Morada Co.Morada Co’s equity beta is estimated at 1·2, while the asset beta of the repairs and maintenance services business unit is estimated to be 0·65. The relevant equity beta for the new, larger company including the construction unit relevant to the second director’s proposals has been estimated as 1·21.The bonds are redeemable in four years’ time at face value. For the purposes of estimating the cost of capital, it can be assumed that debt beta is zero. However, the four-year credit spread over the risk free rate of return is 60 basis points for A2 rated bonds, 90 basis points for Baa2 rated bonds and 240 basis points for Ca3 rated bonds.A tax rate of 20% is applicable to all companies. The current risk free rate of return is estimated to be 3·8% and the market risk premium is estimated to be 7%.Required:（分数：50）(1).Explain how business risk and financial risk are related; and how risk mitigation and risk diversification can form part of a company’s risk management strategy.（分数：6）________________________________________________________________ _________________ _________正确答案：(The owners or shareholders of a business will accept that it needs to engage in some risky activities in order to generate returns in excess of the risk free rate of return.A business will be exposed to differing amounts of business and financial risk depending on the decisions it makes. Business risk depends on the decisions a business makes with respect to the services and products it offers and consists of the variability in its profits. For example, it could be related to the demand for its products, the rate of innovation, actions of competitors, etc. Financial risk relates to the volatility of earnings due to the financial structure of the business and could be related to its gearing, the exchange rate risk it is exposed to, its credit risk, its liquidity risk, etc. A business exposed to high levels of business risk may not be able to take excessive financial risk, and vice versa, as the shareholders or owners may not want to bear risk beyond an acceptable level.Risk management involves the process of risk identification, of assessing and measuring the risk through the process of predicting, analysing and quantifying it, and then making decisions on which risks to assume, which to avoid, which to retain and which to transfer. As stated above, a business will not aim to avoid all risks, as it will want to generate excess returns. Dependent on factors such as controllability, frequency and severity of the risk, it may decide to eliminate or reduce some risks from the business through risk transfer. Risk mitigation is the process of transferring risks out of a business through, for example, hedging or insurance, or avoiding certain risks altogether. Risk diversification is a process of risk reduction through spreading business activity into different products and services, different geographical areas and/or different industriesto minimise being excessively exposed by focusing exclusively on one product/service.)(2).Prepare a report for the board of directors of Morada Co which:(i) Estimates Morada Co’s cost of equity and cost of capital, based on market value of equity and debt, before any changes and then after implementing the proposals put forward by the first and by the second directors;(17 marks)(ii) Estimates the i mpact of t he first and second directors’ proposals on Morada Co’s forecast after-tax earnings and forecast financial position for the coming year; and (7 marks) (iii) Discusses the impact on Morada Co of the changes proposed by the first and second directors and recommends whether or not either proposal should be accepted. The discussion should include an explanation of any assumptions made in the estimates in (b)(i) and (b)(ii) above. (9 marks) Professional marks will be awarded in part (b) for the format, structure and presentation of the report. (4 marks)（分数：37）________________________________________________________________ _________________。
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综合练习题一
编制预测损益表和资产负债表
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主讲：李云良
预备知识
1.预期资产负债表的基础 预期资产负债表的数据来自营业预
算和资本预算。更重要的是销售预算。 关键是确定销售与销售成本及与资产负债 表上相关项目（债务人，债权人，存货） 之间的关系，从而导出对营运资本的需 求。
固然资本预算可以得出固定资产的 需求，但销售的需求不仅限于固定资产 的足够投入。
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截止2002年5月31日之预测损益表
￡000
销售
减：销售成本
年初存货
240
加：采购（1400×70％＋240×25％）1，040
减：年终存货（240×125％）
300
毛利（1400×30％）
行政费用
225
销售及分销费用
85
税前盈利
该年之税项
税后盈利
股息（500×0.06）
盈利结余
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预备知识
2.销售预测及应考虑的因素
（1）市场总规模 — 设定销售规划，规模的现 实参数。
（2）市场趋势 — 显示规划可行性的现实依据。 （3）竞争 — 了解规划面临的压力和风险。 （4）经济形势和展望 — 凡与企业计划进入销
售市场有关的信息均应考虑（如通货膨胀）
（5）历史业绩 — 过去的业绩是规划的有限经 验，依据与过去业绩的比较，可为将来的规划 注入现实的意义。
40 10
流动资产
存货
300
应收账款（1400×80％／52×8）
172
银行结余（差额）
89
561
减：于一年内到期之负债
应付账款（1040／52×12）
240
税项
34
股息
30
304
股本与储备 普通股（每股面值￡1） 盈利结余（251＋46）
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￡000
488 22 30
540
257 797 500 297 797
于2002年5月31日之资金来源及运用表
于2001年6月1日之银行结存 资金来源 来自运作之资金 加：折旧 应收账款之减少（1400×80％／52×8－220）
￡000
110 60
资金运用
小型运输货车
40
股息派发
62
税项缴交
104
存货之增加（240×25％）
60
应付账款减少（1040／52×12）－268）
预备知识
5.资金来源及运用 （4）应付账款
期末应付账款－期初应付账款＞0，表示占有债权人资金增加， 对企业讲即为资金来源增加。 期末应付账款－期初应付账款＜0，表示占有债权人资金减少， 对企业讲即为资金运用增加。 （5）存货 期末存货－期初存货＞0，表示资金运用增加。 期末存货－期初存货＜0，表示资金来源增加。
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预备知识
3.营运资本
（1）债务人（应收账款） 债务人拖欠货款，实际是借用了更多的资金，并把债 权人当作一种融资来源。而债权人可以通过信用控制， 建议的信用期限及赊销总额来预测债务人欠款额。
例1：假定一年预计销售￡5，000，000，估计收账期60 天。则：
债务人欠款额＝（销售／预算期天数）×收账期
28
于2002年5月31日之银行结存
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￡000 165
170 48 383
294 89
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预备知识
5.资金来源及运用 （1）来自运作之资金
可供企业使用的资金，即损益表中的税前盈利。 （2）折旧
在资产负债表中表示固定资产净值减少，属于权责发生制 原则。但对现金流量讲折旧资金并未流出企业，属于非现金 流出。 （3）应收账款 期末应收账款－期初应收账款＞0，则表示被债务人占有的资 金增加，对企业讲即为资金运用增加。 期末应收账款－期初应收账款＜0，则表示被债务人占有的资 金减少，对企业讲即为资金精来选源ppt 增加。
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3.营运资本
（3）存货 例3：假定一年预计销售成本￡3，500，000，
预计存货期45天。则： 存货（平均） ＝（销售成本／预算期天数）×存货期 ＝￡3，500，000／365×45 ＝￡431，507
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预备知识
4.融资需求
即当时所要求的全部资金总额。 营运资本＝债务人－债权人＋存货 营业利润预算 ＝销售预算－成本预算－费用预算 融资需求 ＝固定资产预算＋营运资本预算－营业利润预算
￡000 1，400
980 420
310 110
34 76 30 46
于2002年5月31日之预测资产负债表
固定资产 永远物业权 （成本价） 减：累计折旧（100＋12） 装修（成本价） 减：累计折旧（80＋38） 运输小型货车（成本价） 减：累计折旧
￡ 000
￡000
600 112 140 118
＝￡5，000，000／365×60 ＝￡821，精9选1p8pt
3.营运资本
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（2）债权人（应付账款）
例2：假定一年预计销售成本￡3，500，000， 估计付账期30天。则：
债权人（欠债权人款）
＝（销售成本／预算期天数）×付账期
＝￡3，500，000／365×30
＝￡287，671
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预备知识
2.销售预测及应考虑的因素
（6）市场份额预测 — 确定预测的现实性。 （7）公司的内部政策 — 涉及产品类型，经营
区域，质量标准及其他与企业总目标有影响的 销售因素。 （8）潜在的生产能力 — 影响销售量的因素， 如劳动力不足，从而限制企业接受更多的订单。
一旦有了充分理由及可靠的销售预测，将 可推算出支持销售水平而在固定资产和营运资 本上应投入多少资金。