译林版八年级下册英语Unit 2 Grammar知识点
Unit 2 TravellingGrammar重点全解1. Kitty and her family have gone to Hong Kong.family作可数名词，意为“家，家庭，家人”。
其复数形式要变y为i，再加-es，即families。
family（单数）His family is big. 他的家庭是一个大家庭。
family（复数）His family all like reading. 他们全家人都喜欢读书。
注意family是集合名词，作主语时，若指家庭这个集体，则谓语动词用单数形式；指家庭成员时，被视为复数，谓语动词要用复数形式。
2. Suzy is not at home at the moment.at the moment为介词短语，相当于now，意为“此刻；现在”，用于一般现在时或现在进行时的句子中，作时间状语，其中moment为可数名词，意为“瞬间；片刻”。
例如：I have nothing to do at the moment. 现在我无事可做。
We are watching a movie at the moment. 此刻我们正在看电影。
【拓展】at that moment意为“在那时候”，用于一般过去时或过去进行时。
The girl was washing her clothes at that moment. 在那时候，那个女孩正在洗衣服。
3. I see Andy playing on the sand too.see sb. doing sth. 意为“看见某人在做某事”。
例如：We saw some young people running wildly in the street. 我们看见一些年轻人正在街上狂跑。
Be away意为“不在”，表示“离开”的状态，可以和一段时间连用，away后若有“地点”须加from，即be away from。
例如：He has been away from his hometown since 1992. 自1992年以来，他就离开了家乡。
5. The film has been on for 20 minutes.be on意为“上演；开着”，可以表示延续状态。
例如：The film has been on for half an hour. 电影已经上演半个小时了。
Are the lights in your room on? 你房间的灯开着吗？6. die死die 不及物动词，意为“死”。
与其相关的词有：dies（第三人称单数），died（过去式），dying（现在分词），dead（形容词），death（名词）。
例如：She is dying. 她快要死了。
His father died ten years ago. 他的父亲十年前去世了。
7. My parents and I arrived in Hong Kong on the first day of the winter holiday. arrive不及物动词，意为“到达”，表示到达较小的地方用arrive at，表示到达较大的地方用arrive in。
8. I have kept it with me for a few days. 我借了它好几天了。
for介词，意为“达；计”，表示动作或情况持续的时间长度。
例如：Bake the cake for 40 minutes. 将蛋糕烘烤40分钟。
We have stayed here for two months. 我们已在这儿待了两个月了。
【拓展】for作介词的其他用法：①（表示目的，用途）为了；供He does everything only for money. 他做什么都是为了钱。
②（表示对象）为，给；对于；关于；至于，对……而言What did you get for your birthday? 你收到了什么生日礼物？Watching TV too much is bad for your health. 看电视太多对你的健康有害。
③（表示目标、去向）往；到My father has left for Shanghai. 我爸爸已经动身去上海了。
④（表示约定的时间）在……（时间）It’s time for supper. 是吃晚饭的时候了。
⑤赞成；支持；同意Are you for this plan or against it？你是支持还是反对这个计划？⑥代替；代表I looked after the kids foe her. 我替她照看孩子。
⑦（表示解释理由）因为，由于She was angry with him for being late. 她因他迟到而生气了。
9. The first dolphin show began at 11:30 a.m.Show此处用作可数名词，意为“节目，表演，展览”。
例如：There was a fashion show in the theatre yesterday. 昨天在剧院里有一场时装表演。
【拓展】①on show展览，展出There were a lot of old things on show in the museum last week.上周，博物馆里展出了许多古董。
②show还可作及物动词，意为“出示，给……看”，可用于两种结构，即show sb. sth.和show sth. to sb.Let me show you my new sweater.=Let me show my new sweater to you. 让我把我的新毛衣给你看看。
一、have/has been to 与have/has gone to【教材典句】lie and Amy have been to South Hill. 米莉和埃米去过南山。
2.Kitty and her family have gone to Hong Kong. 基蒂和她的家人去了香港。
3.She has gone to the bookshop. 她去了书店。
4.My cousin has been to Xi’an twice. 我堂兄去过西安两次。
上面1、4句中含有短语have/has been to，表示“去过某地”，2、3句中含有短语have/has gone to，表示“去了某地”。
四个句子都用了现在完成时。
【语法全解】(1)“have/ has been to +地点名词”表示“去过某地”，表示某人的一种经历，说话时已不在那个地方，常和once, twice, never, ever等连用。
当地点为副词时，则要省掉no。
---Where have you been? 你去哪儿了？---I’ve been to the post offi ce. 我去邮局了。
（人已不在邮局）---Have you ever been to Shanghai? 你曾去过上海吗？---No, I’ve never been there. 没有，我从来没有去过那儿。
(2)“have/has gone to+地点名词”表示“去了某地”，说话时某人已离开此地，在去某地的路上、已在某地或在回来的路上，所以此句型常用于第三人称，不能与时间状语once, twice, never, ever等连用，也不能和for以及since构成的短语连用。
---Where is Simon? 西蒙在哪儿？---He has gone to Australia with his family.他和家人一起去澳大利亚了。
（人已不在这儿，在去澳大利亚的路上、已在澳大利亚或从澳大利亚返回的途中）助记have/has been to, have/has gone to意不同，两者用法当分清。
have/has been to+地点，“曾经去过某地”行；have/has gone to+地点，“已去某地”人无踪。
【拓展】“have/has been in +地点名词”表示“在某地待过（多久）”，常与表示一段时间的状语连用。
例如：Mr. Brown has been in Shanghai for three days. 布朗先生来上海已经3天了。
We have been in China since 5 years ago. 我们自从5年前就来中国了。
How long have you been in New York? 你在纽约多久了？二、非延续性动词与延续性动词【教材典句】1.We haven’t seen each other sin ce last week. 自从上周以来我们就没见过面。
2.Mr. Dong has lived here for many years. 董先生住在这里很多年了。
3.The film has been on for 20 minutes. 电影已经上演20分钟了。
4.The first dolphin show began at 11:30 a.m. 第一场海豚表演是在上午11:30开始的。
句1中的see是非延续性动词；句2中的live是延续性动词；句3中的be on表示状态，可以延续；句4中的begin是非延续性动词。
【语法全解】(1)非延续性动词也称为短暂性动词或瞬息动词，这类动词所表示的动作往往在“瞬间”就完成了，动作不能“持续”，可以用于完成时态，但在完成时态的句子中不能与表示一段时间的状语连用，如：since two days ago, for two years 等。
如果要表示该动作的延续，就需要将其转换为延续性动词或表示状态的词。
The film started two hours ago. 电影是两个小时前开始的。
（正确）→The film has been on for two hours.电影已经开始两个小时了。
（正确）The film has started. 电影已经开始了。
（正确）The film has started for two hours. 电影已经开始两个小时了。
（错误）常见的非延续性动词有：die, buy, borrow, lend, come, go, arrive, stop, finish, leave, open, close, begin, start, see, marry, join, hear等。
(2)延续性动词，是指动作可以延续的动词，可以跟表示持续一段时间的时间状语连用。
常用的延续性动词有：keep, have, last, run, eat, drink, sing, sleep, sit, teach, live, stay等。
Unit 2 Travelling Grammar-Task 八年级英语(牛津译林版)
Tip 1
It has been + 时间段 + since (一般过去时） = It is + 时间段 + since (一般过去时）
The doctors and the nurses have worked there since they arrived in Xiaogan.
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since + 从句(一般过去时）
eg. We have learnt a lot since the winter holiday_b_e_g__a_n_ (begin).
4. — The Smiths aren't at home. They have ____ Sanya for holiday.
— Oh, really? I have never ______ there before. A. been to; gone to B. gone to; been C. gone to; been to D. gone; been to
八年级下Unit 2 Travelling
Grammar-Task 课件
Lead in
他曾经去过世界上的许多地方。 He has ever been to many places in the world.
Where is Ronaldo?
He has gone to Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
h_a_v_e_b_e_e_n__to 的句子中可以加 once, twice, ever, never等时间 状语; 而含 _h_a_v_e__g_o_n_e_t_o_ 的句子中不能加此类时间状语。 含 h_a_v_e__g_o_n_e_t_o_ 的句子中主语的人称一般为第三人称形式; 而含 h__a_v_e_b_e_e_n_t_o_ 的句子中对主语的人称没有限制。
英语八年级下册Unit2八年级下Unit2AGrammarFocus-4c
Fill in the blanks with the correct 4b forms of the verbs in the box.
help move do make visit spend
Most people today are only worried about
getting good jobs _t_o_m__a_k_e__ lots of money.
4. 她决定参加一个课外阅读项目的志愿者 选拔。 She decided to _t_r_y_o_u_t_f_o_r_ a volunteer after-school reading program.
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
5. 马里奥相信这会帮助他获得他的梦想工 作。 Mario believes it can help him _to___g_e_t_ his future dream job.
6. 我正在制作一些告示，并将它们张贴于 学校里。
I’m making some signs _to__p_u_t_u_p___ around the school.
“to+动词原形”被称为动词不定式，常 写作to do(有时to可以省略)，否定形式为 not to do。 该形式又被称为动词的非谓语形式，在句 中除了不能作谓语外，可作其他成分，没 有人称和数的变化。
In their free tim不e定, t式he做y t后hi置nk定a语bout what
_t_o_d__o__ for fun. H复ow合e不ve定r, f式ew做p宾eo语ple think about what they can do __t_o_h__e_lp__ others.
目的状语
八年级下册英语Unit2 Grammar focus
3. Our class is trying to ________ some ideas to ________ sick children because they are often sad.
4. We decided to ________ signs around the school and ________ notices to tell students about the book sale. We will ________ the money from the sale to
★动词+名词+介词 此类短语动词的意义取决于名词,而不是 动词,修饰时不用副词而用形容词。
We should take good care of our parents.
我们应该好好照顾我们的父母。 此类短语动词还有make use of, take pride in, make friends with, pay attention to等。
shopping center every day.
根据汉语意思完成下列句子。
1. 这房间太脏了, 请把它打扫干净。 This room is too dirty. Pleacslea_n_____
___i_t__ ____u__p.
2. 让我帮你做家务活吧。 Let me _h_e__lp____ you _w__i_t_h___ your housework.
2. She hopes to _______ at least five primary schools to ask if they need to
精品课件
volunteers for their after-
put up hand out call up cheer up come up with give out put off
八年级英语下册 Unit 2 Travelling Grammar知识点拨 译林牛津版 教案
Unit 2 Travelling一、教学内容：Unit 2 TravellingGrammar二、教学目标：掌握Unit2的词法结构和用法：1. so…that /such…that/enough to/too…to…2. have/has been in, have/has been to, have/has gone to3. 延续性与短暂性动词经典讲解Grammar 1:so…that /such…that/enough to/too…to…解释：如此……以至于……so+ adj. /adv. +that从句或such+单/复数名词+that从句例：It’s so hot in summer that we can’t do without the air conditioner.夏天的天气热的我们少不了空调。
The teacher spoke so fast that I couldn’t understand what he was saying.老师讲得太快以致于我听不懂他在说什么。
He is such a genius that he doesn’t have to study much for exams.他是个天才，所以他考试都不用怎么念书。
They are such good basketball players that everybody wants to watch their games.他们个个都是很棒的篮球员，所以每个人都想去看他们打球。
表示：足以做某事enough to… 如: He is old enough to do it.意思是太……而不能too...to… 例: He is too young to go to school.中考so…that, too…to和enough to都是初中英语教材中的重要结构，在一定条件下它们可以相互转换，并经常成为中考考查的热点之一。
牛津译林版英语八年级下册8B Unit 2 Grammar(2)课件
现在完成时和一般过去时
He _h_a_s__w_o_r_k_e_d__(work) in our school for one
year.
He _c_a_m_e__(come) to our school last year/in
her husband to open the door. • I can’t find the way to the railway station
because I have lost my map.
用法： 二. for + 时间段
since + 时间点 present perfect tense
• in the past（last/ recent）three years
• recently，over / during the past century
• how long, all one’s life
2. 上下文提示结果 • He’s crying. He hasn’t passed the exam. • She has lost her key so she has to wait for
3. Tommy has had this motorcycle ___f_o_r___ three years.
4. I have been in Jiangyin __f_o_r____ forty years.
5. My parents has been married since twenty years __a_g_o____.
• buy → have • open → be open • close →be closed • join →be in / be a member of… • go to school → be at / in school • borrow → keep • catch a cold → have a cold • get to know → know • begin to study → study • get married → be married • wake up → be awake
2020年春牛津译林版英语八年级下册— Unit2知识点梳理
Unit 2 Travelling2.1 Comic strip & Welcome to the unit1. fantasticadj.意为“极好的，美妙的”。
have a fantastic time＝have a good/great/wonderful time玩得开心。
fantasy n．幻想，想象。
2. such det.& pron.such意为“这样的（人或物）”，常用于以下结构：such+a/an+adj.+可数名词单数。
如：This is such a big house.这是一座如此大的房子。
such+adj.+可数名词复数。
如：They are such kind girls.她们是如此好心的女孩。
such+adj.+不可数名词。
如：It is such sad music.它是如此悲伤的音乐。
【辨析】so常用于以下结构：so+adj.+a/an+可数名词单数。
如：so clever a boy如此聪明的一个男孩so+adj.／adv.。
如：so clever如此聪明；so quickly如此迅速so many/much/few/little+n．。
如：so many mistakes如此多的错误3. couple n．意为“两人，两件事物，几个人”。
a couple of…一对，几个，几件。
I saw a couple of men get out我看见有两个男人出去了。
We went there a couple of years ago.我们几年前去过那儿。
4. --- Hey, Eddie．Where are you going? 嘿，埃迪。
你要去哪儿？---I'm going to South Hill for my holiday．我要去南山度假。
这两句都表示将要做某事，一般用将来时态，但因为句中的动词是go，所以可用现在进行时表示将来的概念。
译林版英语八年级下册Unit 2 Grammar教案
e.g. Mr Dong has lived here for many years.
Mr Dong has lived her since he was born.
Some verbs, such as come, go, buy and leave, can be used in the present perfect sense, but they cannot be used with for or since in positive statements.
4. My parents __________ to Xi’an and they’ll stay there for a week.
5. Daniel won’t be with us at the party. He _________ to Shanghai.
A2. Daniel and Millie are chatting. Complete their conversation. Use the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.
Example
begin/start
have/has been on
The film has been on for 20 minutes.
finish/stop
have/has been over
The parade has been over for hours.
come/go/arrive
译林版八年级下册英语Unit 2 Grammar练习(含答案)
Unit 2 Travelling-Grammar一、句型转换，每空一词1. He came to Hong Kong two years ago.(改为现在完成时)He________ ________ ________Hong Kong________two years ago.2. My father joined the Party in 2007.(改成同义句)My father________ ________ ________the Party________2007.My father________ ________a________ ________ ________13 years.________13 years________my father________the Party.13 years________ ________ ________my father________the Party.3. She left her hometown last year.(改为现在完成时)She________ ________ ________ ________her homework________last year.4. The meeting started half an hour ago.(改为现在完成时)The meeting________ ________ ________ ________half an hour.5. My father came back the day before yesterday.My father has________ ________for two days.6. My uncle bought the new car two months ago.My uncle has________the new car________two months.7. They left Changsha an hour ago.They have________ ________ ________Changsha for an hour.8. The film began ten minutes ago.The film________ ________ ________for ten minutes.9. The old man died 5 years ago.The old man________ ________ ________for 5 years.二、单项选择( ) 1. Li Hong has________the army for 2 years.A. joinedB. be inC. been inD. joined in( ) 2. --________you________there?--No, never.A. Have, beenB. Have, goneC. Have, been toD. Have, gone to ( ) 3. --Can you________me your book?--Of course. But you can________it for two days.A. borrow, lendB. lend, borrowC. lend, lendD. lend, keep( ) 4. Peter and Lily________since 2004.A. have marriedB. have got marriedC. have been marriedD. got married( ) 5. She________the farm for an hour.A. has been onB. has been inC. has been toD. has gone to( ) 6. Twenty years________since my grandma________.A. has past, diedB. has past, has been deadC. has passed, has been deadD. has passed, died( ) 7. Mr Black________China since the summer of 1998.A. has been toB. has been inC. has come toD. came to( ) 8. His father________for years.A. has diedB. has been deadC. diedD. dies( ) 9. Mary________to see the films because she________it twice.A. won’t go, sawB. won’t go, will seeC. won’t go, has seenD. didn’t go, sees( ) 10. --Where is Mr. Black? I have something important to tell him.--You can’t find him. He________Hong Kong.A. will go toB. would go toC. has gone toD. has been to三、用所给动词的适当形式填空1. The film________five minutes ago. That means the film________for five minutes.(end)2. The train________(leave) for half an hour.3. I________(teach) here since I________(finish) school.4. How long________you________(buy) this computer?5. They will celebrate their fifteen years of________this Sunday, because they________for fifteen years.(marry)6. --Where’s your father?--He________(go) to Britain. He________(return) in a few days.7. This problem seems________(terrible) difficult.8. This supermarket________(open) since 2007.9. As Grade 9 students, we can’t read these________(mean) books any more.10. What________he________(do) from nine to eleven last night?11. We________already________(copy) these words.12. --________they________(see) the film yet?--Yes. They________(see) it already.--When________they________(see) it?--They________(see) it just now.四、根据中文，翻译句子1. 这个老人两年前死了。
译林版英语八下Unit2Grammar导学提纲
初二英语导学提纲---课前、课中参与课题：8B Unit 2 Grammar姓名____班级评价_____★课前参与一、预习书本第26至28页，完成书上练习。
二、完成下列句子翻译。
lie 和Amy去过南山。
Millie and Amy South Hill.2.Sandy从未去过那，想和她们一起去。
Sandy there. She wants to go with them.3.他们去了香港，下周回来。
They HongKong.They will come back next week.4.她现在不在家。
她去了书店。
She isn’t at home now.She the bookshop.5.我看到Andy在沙滩上玩。
I saw Andy .6.在寒假的第一天我们抵达了香港。
We HongKongthe winter holiday.7.我们在海洋公园看了海豚表演。
We watched the in .8.他的父母去了乡下，明天回。
His parents the .They’ll come back tomorrow.9.我表兄去过西安二次。
My cousin X’an .10.你刚才去哪里了？我去了图书馆。
Where_______you ? I_______ _________ ________the library.11.我的父母亲是15年前结婚的。
他们已经结婚有15年了。
My parents 15 years ago. They 15 years.★课中参与一、词汇:1.He threw (沙子)all over everyone.2.The old man would like to live in the .(农村)3.John (结婚)Mary last week.4.------Was the king already (死的)?------Sorry, I don’t know.5.Our holiday will be (结束)soon. We are a little sad.二、用所给动词的适当形式填空:1. He____________(give) the book back to you if he_________(finish) reading it tomorrow.2. Daniel can’t open the door because he_______________(forget) to bring his key.3. ---Where are your parents ? ---They aren’t at home. They___________(go) to Shanghai.4. Ms Wu went to Hong Kong in 1977. She______________(be) there for about 30 years.5. Wow! It’s wonderful! I_________ never_________(see) such an amazing movie before.6. How long__________ Tom__________(stay) in the Science Museum since he went there?7. The children (eat) up everything on the table already.8.---___________you___________(find) your watch ? ---Yes, I __________.---When you (find) it ? ----A moment ago.9. Lucy (not finish) her work yet. She (do) it now.10. How many times you (see) the film?Not even once. But I _________ (see) it sometime next month.11. My mother (go) out .She 's doing shopping in town .12. Where you ? ( be )Your mother _________ for you here for a long time. (wait )13.We ( know) each other since we ___________young. ( be )三、写出下列句子的同义句：1. He died 10 years ago. He _______ _______ ______for 10 years / since 10 years ago.2. He borrowed the book 2 weeks ago. He _________ _________ the book for 2 weeks.3. He bought the motorbike a month ago. He _______ _______ the motorbike for a month..4. He arrived here three days ago. He __________ here since three days ago5.They turned off the light 2 hours ago. The light _______ _______ _______ for 2 hours.6. He left here 2 years ago. He here for 2 years.7. The film began 30 minutes ago. The film _______ __________ _________ for 30 minutes.8. They opened the door an hour ago. The door ________ ________ __________ for an hour.9. They closed the window five minutes ago.The window __________ ___________ ___________for five minutes.10. He joined the Reading Club last year.He the Reading club for a year.He ___________ the Reading club for a year.It ___________ a year he joined the Reading Club11. My father went to Beijing last week. He hasn’t come back yet.My father_______ _________Beijing _______about a week.12. His brother got married five years ago.His brother five years ago.13.She left home last Tuesday. She from home last Tuesday.四、单项选择：( )1.---Have you returned the book to the library______? --Yes,I have _____returned it .A. yet, yetB. already, alreadyC. already, yetD. yet, already( )2. ---How long ______you _______this pen ? --Only one day. I bought it yesterday.A. have, boughtB. have, hadC. did, buyD. have, been( )3. ----Has your mother ever _______ Paris ? --Yes, she went there last year.A. been toB. gone toC. goesD. went( )4. My father knows Hong Kong very well. He______there five times since he became a manager.A. has goneB. has been toC. has been inD. has been( )5.I must return the book to Lilei. I _________it for two days.A. keepB. have borrowedC. have keptD. have had( )6. This is the most beautiful park I have ________visited.A. neverB. recentlyC. everD. yet( )7. My father __________here since he _______to this school.A. taught, cameB. has taught, cameC. taught, has comeD. has taught, has come( )8. My father says we will stay in Sanya for .A. sometimeB. some timeC. sometimesD. some times( )9. ---How long has the film ?---Only 10 minutes.A.begunB.startedC.been onD. been in。
牛津译林版英语8B八年级下册Unit2Grammar现在完成时课件
B
flower market
fish white beaches swim Tianya Haijiao
surf
water skiing
A. have a cold
2.buy ---- have
B. be on
3.catch a cold ---- have a coldC. keep
4.become ---- be
D. be
5.arrive/come/go---- be in / at E. be- be on
A
Protect Our Environment!
spit throw draw
cut pick up collect
plant
Welcome to Hainan Island!
fish swim surf water skiing scuba diving
flower market white beaches Tianya Haijiao
been
2.He has j-o-i-n--e-d the League for 3 years.
been in/a member of
3.He has -le--f-t his hometown for 20 years.
been away from
4.He has d--ie--d for 20 years.
( be ) 4.Lucy h_a_s_ n_e_v_e_r s_p_o__k_e_n to a foreigner before.