英语语法学习:一般过去时与现在完成时的比较

英语语法学习:一般过去时与现在完成时的比较
英语语法学习:一般过去时与现在完成时的比较

英语语法学习:一般过去时与现在完成时的

比较

:一般过去时与现在完成时之间又些什么是需要我们注意的点呢?我们应该怎么区分好它们之间的关系呢?下面我们一起看看这篇《一般过去时与现在完成时的比较》。

1)一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情,强调动作;

现在完成时为过去发生的,强调过去的事情对现在的影响,强调的是影响。

2)一般过去时常与具体的时间状语连用,而现在完成时通常与模糊的时间状语连用,或无时间状语。

*一般过去时的时间状语:yesterday,last week,ago, in1980, in October, just now等,皆为具体的时间状语。

*现在完成时的时间状语:for,since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till/until, up to now, in past years,always等,皆不确定的时间状语。

共同的时间状语:this morning, tonight, thisApril, now, already, recently, lately 等。

3)现在完成时可表示持续到现在的动作或状态,动词一般是延续性的,如live, teach,learn, work, study, know.。

一般过去时常用的非持续性动词有come,go, leave, start, die, finish, become, get married等。例如:

I saw this film yesterday. (强调看的动作发生过了)

I have seen this film. (强调对现在的影响,电影的

内容已经知道了)

Why did you get up so early? (强调起床的动作已发生过了)Who hasnt handed in his paper? (强调有卷子未交,疑为不公平竞争)

He has been in the League for three years. (在团内的状态可延续)

He has been a League member for three years. (是团员的状态可持续)

句子中如有过去时的时间副词(如yesterday,last, week, in 1960)时,不能使用现在完成时,要用过去时。

(错)Tom has written a letter to his parents last night.

(对)Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night.

一般现在时代替现在完成时

1) 有些动词用一般现在时代替完成时,如hear, tell, learn, write , understand, forget, know, find , say,remember等。例如:

I hear (= have heard) he will go to London.

我听说了他将去伦敦。

I forget (=haveforgotten) how old he is.

我忘了他多大了。

2) 用句型 It is since代替It has been since 。例如:

It is (= has been) five years since we last met.

从我们上次见面以来,五年过去了。

公众号:英语语法学习

英语语法学习:一般过去时与现在完成时的比较

英语语法大攻克--现在完成时的讲解

现在完成时的讲解 基本结构:主语+have/has+过去分词(done) ①肯定句:主语+have/has+过去分词+其他 ②否定句:主语+have/has+not+过去分词+其他 ③一般疑问句:Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他 ④特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+一般疑问句(have/has+主语+过去分词+其他) (1)现在完成时用来表示现在之前已发生过或完成的动作或状态,但其结果却和现在有联系,也就是说,动作或状态发生在过去但它的影响现在还存在. I have spent all of my money.(含义是:现在我没有钱花了.) Jane has laid the table.(含义是:现在桌子已经摆好了.) Michael has been ill.(含义是:现在仍然很虚弱) He has returned from abroad. (含义是:现在已在此地) (2)现在完成时可以用来表示发生在过去某一时刻的,持续到现在的动作(用行为动词表示)或状态(be动词表示)常与for(+时间段),since(+时间点或过去时的句子)连用. Mary has been ill for three days. I have lived here since 1998. 注(超重要):瞬间动词(buy,die,join,lose……)不能直接与for since 连用。要改变动词 come-be go out-be out finish-be over open-be open die-be dead ……………… 1.have代替buy My brother has had(不能用has bought) this bike for almost four years. 2、用keep或have代替borrow I have kept(不能用have borrowed) the book for quite a few days. 3、用be替代become How long has your sister been a teacher? 4、用have a cold代替catch a cold Tom has had a cold since the day before yesterday. 5、用wear代替put on b)用“be+形容词”代终止性动词 1、be+married代marry 2、be+ill代fall (get) ill 3、be+dead代die 4、be+asleep代fall (get) asleep 5、be+awake代wake/wake up 6、be+gone代lose,die,sell,leave 7、be+open代open 8、be closed代close/shut 9、be+missing(gone,lost)代lose c)用“be+副词”代终止性动词 1“be+on”代start,begin 2“be+up”代get up 3“be+back(to)”代return to,come back to,go back to 4“be here (there)”代come(arrive,reach,get) here或go (arrive,reach,get) there等等 d)用“be+介词短语”代终止性动词 1.“be in/at +地点”代替go to /come to 2.用be in the army 代替join the army

英语语法-现在完成时用法及习题

目录 1现在完成时的构成 (2) 2现在完成时的用法 (5) 3 使用现在完成时需注意事项 (7) 4过去完成时与现在完成时的比较 (12) 练习题 (13) 答案 (16)

现在完成时对于我们来讲是所有时态中最难掌握的一种。因为它并不是表示发生于某一时间的事情,而是既涉及过去,又联系现在的一种时态。请参见下列三个例句: 例:1.I live in Beijing. 我住在北京。 2.I lived in Beijing. 我住过北京。(我在北京住过。) 3.I have lived in Beijing. 我一直住在北京。 例1.的live是一般现在式,表示“我现在住在北京”这一事实。 例2.的lived是过去式。这句只是表示在过去的某一时期我在北京住过,至于现在住不住在北京则不清楚。 例3.的have lived是现在完成时,表示我在过去的某一时间开始住在北京,现在也住在北京。表示从过去到现在的一种继续状态。 1现在完成时的构成 现在完成时的形式是“have (has)+过去分词”,表示继续、完了、结果和经验等四种意思。 现在完成时的否定句是在have(has)的后面加上not,疑问句是将have(has)置于主语之前。 1现在完成时的肯定句 句型:

We have lived in Beijing. 我们一直住在北京。 He has lived in Beijing. 他一直住在北京。 过去分词的三种用法 过去分词有下列三种用法(过去分词的构成详见第六章):1.构成现在(过去)完成时 have(has)+过去分词~ I have written the letter. 我写完这封信了。 2.被动语态:参见第十三章 be + 过去分词~ He was looked after.他受到照顾。 3.用于形容词 This is a broken chair. 这是一张坏的椅子。 2现在完成时的否定句 句型:主语+have(has)+not +过去分词~. I have not seen the movie yet.

一般过去式与过去进行时(英语语法)

一般过去式与过去进行时 一般过去时Simple Past tense 构成:【主+was/were】或者【主+动词过去式】 I was very surprised when the Alien went into a toy shop. ......我很惊讶The Alien was so cute! 外星人很可爱! We were on the playground when the UFO landed. 我们在操场上When the police arrived, the Alien disappeared suddenly. be动词在一般过去时中表示“是”、“在”【有意义】 过去进行时Past Continuous tense 基本构成:was/were +doing We were playing football when the UFO landed? I was eating an apple when the UFO landed? I was reading a book when the UFO landed? be动词在过去进行时中只是一个符号,【无意义】 一般过去时的用法 1、表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。 He was at home yesterday. I got up at six thirty yesterday morning. I visited my aunt last weekend. 2、表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。 My father often went to work by bus last year. When I was a child, I often listened to music.

(完整版)(英语语法)四种完成时态

LESSON EIGHT 四种完成时态 主系表 现在:You are rich. 过去:You were rich. 将来:You will be rich. 过去将来:You would be rich. There be 现在:There is a book on the desk . 过去:There was a book on the desk. 将来:There will be a book on the desk. 过去将来:There would be a book on the desk. 主谓宾状 现在:You study English in the school. 过去时:You studied English in the school. 将来时: You will study English in the school. You are going to study English. You are to study English. You are about to study English 过去将来:You would study English in the school You were going to study English. You were to study English. You were about to study English. You are studying English. You were studying English. You will be studying English. You woud be studying English. 课堂练习 1:你知道你们老师的爸爸昨天为什么要打beat他? 2:你知道你们班的那个女孩子怎样成为你们班最好的学生吗?3:你知道昨天他们家的狗为什么咬bit bite你吗? 4:我妈妈昨天问我我打算在哪学英语.

最新英语语法—现在进行时(基本)

现在进行时 元音:a e i o u(其它为辅音) 现在进行时表示动作发生的时间是“现在”,动作目前的状态是“正在进行中”。所谓“正在进行中”,是指在谈到这件事的时候,这个动作还在进行中。至于它是什么时候开始的,什么时候会停下来,不是我们关心的。所以“正在进行时”的事件,可能发生几年了,也可能只有几分钟。仍在进行中这是“正在进行时”的关键所在。它是一件持续进行的事情。 一.定义: 现在进行时的定义:现在进行时表示现在或当前一段时间正在进行的动作。可以表示有计划的未来,也就是用现在进行时表示将来。 二.构成: 现在进行时的构成是:主语+be+v.ing〔现在分词〕形式。 be的变化 在现在进行时中,be 要根据人称代词和名词的单复数不同,而分别使用am/is/are,即:I am/he/she/it 包括单数名词和不可数名词用is,you/we/they 包括复数名词用are. 第一人称单数:I+am+doing+Sth. 第一人称复数We+are+doing +Sth. 第二人称单(复)数 You+are+doing+Sth. 第三人称单数 He(She,it)+is+doing+Sth. 第三人称复数 They+are+doing +Sth. 三.现在进行时的变化 肯定句式:主语+be( am, is, are)+现在分词+其它. 否定句式:主语+be(am, is, are) +not +现在分词+其它. 一般疑问句:Be(am, is, are) +主语+现在分词+其它? 特殊疑问句:疑问词+be(am, is, are)+主语+现在分词+其它? 对现在进行时的特殊疑问句的回答,它不可以用Yes或No直接作答,要根据实际情况回答。

英语语法-一般过去时态

英语语法————一般过去时态 一.定义: 一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。常和表示过去的时间状语连用。 如:last year, yesterday等;也可表示过去经常反复发生的动作,常和often, always等频率副词连用 二用法: (1)表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内所发生的动作或情况,通常一般过去式带有表示动作时间状语的词,词组或从句,如 yesterday, the day before last, last week, two days ago 等,上下文清楚时可以不带时间状语。 I worked in that factory last year. 去年我在那一家工厂工作。 I went to the Tian Long Mountain yesterday. 昨天我们去了天龙山。 (2)一般过去时态:表示过去某一时间所发生的动作或存在的状态。谓语动词要用一般过去式。 时间标志:yesterday(昨天), last week(上周), last month(上个月), last year(去年), two months ago (两个月前), the day before yesterday(前天),in 1990 (在1990年), in those days (在那些日子里), just now (刚才) , that day , this morning 等表示过去的时间状语。 如: I was born in 1990. (我出生在1990年)。 When did you go to the park? (你是什么时候去的公园)。 I went to the park last week. (我是上周去的公园) 在上面的句子中第一句属于be动词的一般过去时态;第二句和第三句属于实义动词的一般过去时态。 三.句型结构 1. Be 动词的一般过去时态 在没有实义动词的句子中使用be动词, am is 的过去式为was; are的过去式为were. 构成:肯定句:主语+was (were) +宾语 , 如:I was late yesterday. (昨天我迟到了。) 否定句:主语+was (were) +not+宾语 如:We weren't late yesterday. (我们昨天没迟到) 疑问句:Was (Were) +主语+宾语 如: Were you ill yesterday? (你昨天病了吗?) 肯定回答: Yes, I was. (是的,我病了。) 否定句: No, I wasn't. (不,我没病。) 特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+was (were) +主语+宾语 如:When were you born? 你是什么时候出生的? 2.实意动词 肯定句:主语+ 动词过去式 + 宾语… She swam in the river yesterday afternoon . 否定句:主语+didn’t + 动词原形 +宾语… She didn’t swim in the river yesterday afternoon . 疑问句:Did +主语 +动词原形 + 宾语… ? Did she swim in the river yesterday afternoon . 肯定回答: Yes , 主语 +did . Yes, she did . 否定句: No , 主语 +didn’t . No , she didn’t . 特殊疑问句: 特殊疑问词+ did + 主语 +动词原形 + 宾语…? -When did she swim in the river ? -She swam in the river yesterday afternoon . 规则动词的变化规则: ①一般在动词原形末尾直接加上-ed。如:look-looked。 ②以不发音的字母e结尾的动词,去e再加-ed。如:live-lived。

现在完成时的构成英语语法大全

现在完成时的构成 一)肯定式 主语+助动词have /has +过去分词+其它 说明:这里的have /has是助动词,没有什么具体意义。当主语是第三人称单数时助动词 用has,其余人称一律用have。has,have的缩略式分别为's或've。规则动词过去分词的构 成与过去式的构成方式一样,不规则动词可参看不规则动词表。实例: 1)I've just copied all the new words .我刚抄写了所有的生词。(表示不要再抄了) 2)She has lost her books .她丢失了她的书。(表示到目前为止还没有找到) (如果用过去时:She lost her books . 则强调书是过去丢的这一动作,而不知现在有没有找到) 3)We've just cleaned the classroom .我们刚好打扫了教室。(表明现在教室是干净的) 二)否定式 主语+助动词have /has+not+过去分词+其它 说明:现在完成时构成否定句时,只需在助动词have /has后面加not就行。have not,has not的缩略式分别为haven't ,hasn't。另外,肯定句中有some,already时,改为否定时要分 别改成any,yet。实例: 1)I haven't finished my homework yet.我还没有完成我的作业。 2)She hasn't travelled on a train .她没有坐火车旅行过。 3)We have never spoken to a foreigner.我们从来没有和外国人说过话。 注:有时not可以用never代替,表示“从来没有”的意思。又如: 4)I have never seen him before.以前我从来没有见过他。 三)一般疑问式 助动词Have /Has +主语+过去分词+其它? 说明:把陈述句中的have或has放到句首,句末打问号,同时把句中的some ,already改为any ,ye t就构成了一般疑问句。肯定回答用“Yes ,主语+have/has.否定回答用“No,主语+haven't/hasn't.”有时也可以用“No,not yet./No ,never./No,not even once.”等。实例:

英语语法—现在进行时(基本)

现在进行时 现在进行时表示动作发生的时间是“现在”,动作目前的状态是“正在进行中”。所谓“正在进行中”,是指在谈到这件事的时候,这个动作还在进行中。至于它是什么时候开始的,什么时候会停下来,不是我们关心的。所以“正在进行时”的事件,可能发生几年了,也可能只有几分钟。仍在进行中这是“正在进行时”的关键所在。它是一件持续进行的事情。 定义: 现在进行时的定义:现在进行时表示现在或当前一段时间正在进行的动作。可以表示有计划的未来,也就是用现在进行时表示将来。 构成: 现在进行时的构成是:主语+be+v.ing〔现在分词〕形式 第一人称单数 I+am+doing+Sth. 第一人称复数 We+are+doing +Sth. 第二人称单(复)数You+are+doing+Sth. 第三人称单数He(She,it)+is+doing+Sth. 第三人称复数They+are+doing +Sth. 肯定句:主语+be(is/am/are)+现在分词 否定句:主语+be(is/am/are)+not+现在分词 一般疑问句:be(is/am/are)+主语+现在分词 特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+相应be动词+主语+现在分词+Sth

变化规则: 1.直接+ ing(例:sleep+ing sleeping) 2.去掉不发音的e+ing(例:bite-e+ing biting) 3.重读闭音节,且末尾只有1个辅音字母,双写辅音字母+ing (例:sit+t+ing sitting) 4.特殊变化:die-dying,lie-lying,tie-tying 5.不规则变化 句型构成: 现在进行时 助动词be 动词的现在分词(ing形式)。 be的变化 在现在时中,be 要根据人称代词和名词的单复数不同,而分别使用am/is/are,即:I am/he/she/it 包括单数名词和不可数名词用is,you/we/they 包括复数名词用are. 注意:be 动词在现在时里算作“助动词”,翻译正在进行时的时候,be不能解释为“是”,否则不通顺。它只是和现在分词一起构成“进行时”。 现在分词加ing的规则 现在分词是在动词后加上ing 构成。如:starting,working, coming, sitting 等都是现在分词。现在分词的变化规则是固定的,大家用心记一下就可以了。

(完整版)八年级上册英语语法《一般过去时》知识点整理

一般过去时 1.一般过去时:表示过去时间发生的动作或存在的状态。 2.一般过去时结构: 1)Be动词:主语+Be的过去式(was /were)+其它。 2)实义动词:主语+V-ed+其它。 3.一般过去时的标志词: yesterday昨天 yesterday morning 昨天上午 last year去年just now刚才 two days ago两天前in 1999在1999年情景提示等。 4. 一般过去时的肯定式、否定式、疑问式及简略回答。 1)Be动词: (1)肯定句:主语+was/were +其它 . I was late yesterday. 昨天我迟到了。 We were primary students 5 years ago. (2)否定句:主语+was /were+not +其它. We weren't late yesterday. (我们昨天没迟到) (3)一般问句:be动词提前。Was/Were + 主语+其它? I was ill yesterday. (改一般疑问句) →Were you ill yesterday? (你昨天病了吗?) 肯定回答:Yes, I was. (是的,我病了。) 否定回答:No, I wasn't. (不,我没病。) (4)特殊问句:对谓语动词进行提问的:疑问词+was/were+主语+其它(一

般疑问句)?I was born in 1997. →When were you born? 你是什么时候出生的? 2)实义动词: (1)肯定句:主语+V-ed +其它。 I called up my good friend just now. (2)否定句: 主语+didn’t +V原形+其它 I didn’t argue with Tom last week. (3)一般问疑句:Did +主语+ V原形+其它? I bought a souvenir in 2010. (改一般疑问句) →Did you buy a souvenir in 2010? 肯定回答:Yes, I did. 否定回答:No, I didn’t. (4)特殊疑问句: 疑问词+did +主语+ V原形+其它? I went to HongKong last year. →Where did you go to HongKong last year? 5. 变化规则 (1)、规则动词的变化规则: (1)一般情况下在词尾直接加ed。如:play―played work―worked (2)以e结尾的动词只加d. 如:like--- liked love―loved , (3)以辅音字母+Y结尾的动词,变Y为I,再加ed. 如:study―studied carry―carried (4)以重读闭音节结尾的动词,如果末尾只有一个辅音字母,要双写最后这个辅音字母,再加ed. 如stop―stopped

英语语法完成时篇

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