Unit 4 知识点讲解与练习 【新教材】人教版(2019版)高一英语必修第一册
新必修一unit4课文The Night the Earth didn’t SleepStrange things were happening in the countryside of northeastern Hebei. For several days, the water in the village wells rose and fell, rose and fell. There were deep cracks that appeared in the well walls. At least one well had some smelly gas coming out of it. Chickens and even pigs were too nervous to eat, and dogs refused to go inside buildings. Mice ran out of the fields looking for places to hide, and fish jumped out of the water. At about 3:00 am on July 28 1976, bright lights were seen in the sky outside the city of Tangshan and loud noises were heard. But the city’s one million people were asleep as usual that night.河北省东北部的农村发生了一些奇怪的事情。
几天来，村里水井里的水涨了又跌，涨又跌。
井壁上出现了深深的裂缝。
至少有一口井里冒出了一些难闻的气体。
鸡甚至猪都紧张得不敢吃东西，狗也不肯进楼里。
老鼠从田野里跑出来寻找藏身之处，鱼儿从水里跳出来。
1976年7月28日凌晨3点左右，唐山市外的天空出现了明亮的灯光和巨大的噪音。
但那天晚上，这座城市的一百万居民像往常一样睡着了。
At 3:42 am, everything began to shake. It seemed as if the world were coming to an end! Eleven kilometers directly below the city,one of the most deadly earthquake of the 20th century had begun, a quake that even caused damage more than 150 kilometers away in Beijing. Nearly one third of the nation felt it. A huge crack eight kilometers long and thirty meters wide, cut across houses, roads and waterways. Hard hills of rock became rivers of dirt. In less than one minute, a large city lay in ruins. Two thirds of the people who lived there were dead or injured. Thousands of children were left without parents. The number of people who were killed or badly injured in the earthquake was more than 400,000.凌晨3点42分，一切开始摇晃。
好像世界末日到了!就在城市正下方11公里处，20世纪最致命的地震之一已经开始了，甚至在150公里以外的北京也造成了破坏。
全国近三分之一的人有这种感觉。
一条8公里长、30米宽的巨大裂缝横贯房屋、道路和水路。
坚硬的岩石山丘变成了泥泞的河流。
不到一分钟，一座大城市就成了一片废墟。
居住在那里的人有三分之二死亡或受伤。
成千上万的儿童失去了父母。
在地震中死亡或严重受伤的人数超过40万。
Everywhere survivors looked, there was nothing but ruins. Nearly everything in the city was destroyed. About 75 percent of the city’s factories and buildings, 90 percent of its homes, and allof the hospitals were gone. Bricks covered the ground like red autumn leaves, but no wind could blow them away. Most bridges had fallen or were not safe to cross. The railway tracks were now useless pieces of metal. Tens of thousands of cows, hundreds of thousands of pigs, and millions of chickens were dead. Sand now filled the wells instead of water. People were in shock—and then, later that afternoon, another big quake shook Tangshan again. Even more buildings fell down. Water, food, and electricity were hard to get. People began to wonder how long the disaster would last.幸存者放眼望去，到处都是废墟。
这座城市几乎所有的东西都被摧毁了。
大约75%的城市工厂和建筑，90%的家庭，以及所有的医院都消失了。
地面上覆盖着砖块，像红色的秋叶，但是没有风可以把它们吹走。
大多数桥梁已经倒塌，或者过桥不安全。
铁轨现在都成了无用的金属片。
成千上万的牛，成千上万的猪，数百万的鸡都死了。
现在井里填满的是沙子而不是水。
人们都被震住了，然后，那天下午晚些时候，唐山又发生了一场大地震。
更多的建筑物倒塌了。
水、食物和电都很难得到。
人们开始怀疑这场灾难会持续多久。
But hope was not lost. Soon after the quakes, the army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead. More than 10,000 doctors and nurses came to provide medical care. Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed. Hundreds of thousands of people were helped. Water and food were brought into the city by train, truck and plane. Slowly, the city began to breathe again.但希望并没有破灭。
地震发生后不久，军队就派了15万士兵到唐山去挖出被困的人，埋葬死者。
1万多名医生和护士前来提供医疗服务。
工人们为家园被毁的幸存者建造了避难所。
成千上万的人得到了帮助。
水和食物由火车、卡车和飞机运到城市。
慢慢地，这座城市又开始呼吸了。
Tangshan started to revive itself and get up on its feet again. With strong support from the government and the tireless efforts of the city’s people, a new Tangshan was built upon the earthquake ruins. The new city has become a home to more than seven million people, with great improvements in transportation, industry, and environment. Tangshan city has proved to China and the rest of the world that in times of disaster, people must unify and show the wisdom to stay positive and rebuild for a brighter future.唐山开始复苏，重新站起来了。
在政府的大力支持和全市人民的不懈努力下，一个新的唐山在地震废墟上建成了。
这座新城已成为700多万人口的家园，交通、工业和环境都得到了极大改善。
唐山市已经向中国和世界证明，在灾难时刻，人们必须团结起来，展现出智慧，保持积极向上，重建一个更美好的未来。
ruin【原句回放】In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins. 在可怕的十五秒钟内,一座大城市变成了废墟。
【点拨】ruin n. 毁灭；废墟。
表示“废墟、遗迹”时常用ruins：the ruins of ancient Rome 古罗马遗迹；in ruins 荒芜的；be/lie in ruins 严重受损；破败不堪；fall into/go to ruin 衰落；败落The castle now lies in ruins. 这座古堡已成废墟。
bring sth. / sb. to ruin 使某物毁灭；使某人破产The war brought ruin to the country. 战争毁了这个国家。
v. 毁坏；毁掉；使破产I was ruined by the law case. 我被那场官司搞得倾家荡产。
ruin oneself 毁掉自己ruin one’s hopes 使某人希望破灭【拓展】destroy, ruin, damage的区别①damage指部分“损坏”、“破坏”或指使用价值有所降低。
2019版新教材人教版英语必修第一册同步讲义：UNIT4SectionⅣ ListeningandTalking ReadingforWriting
Section ⅣListening and Talking & Reading for Writing重点单词写作词汇1．tap[tæp]v i．& v t．轻叩；轻敲；轻拍n．水龙头；轻叩；轻敲2．whistle['wIsl]v i．吹口哨；发出笛声v t．吹口哨n．哨子(声)；呼啸声3．emergency[i'mɜːdʒənsi] n．突发事件；紧急情况4．calm[kɑːm]adj．镇静的；沉着的v t．使平静；使镇静5．aid[eId] n．援助；帮助；救援物资v i．& v t．(formal) 帮助；援助6．crash[kræʃ] v t．& v i．碰撞；撞击n．撞车；碰撞7．sweep[swiːp]v t．& v i．(swept, swept) 打扫；清扫8．wave[weIv]n．海浪；波浪v i．& v t．挥手；招手9．strike[straIk]v i．& v t．(struck, struck/stricken) 侵袭；突击；击打n．罢工；罢课；袭击10．deliver[dI'lIvə(r)]v t．& v i．递送；传达v t．发表拓展词汇11．erupt[I'rʌpt]v i．& v t．(火山)爆发；(岩浆、烟等)喷出→eruption n．火山爆发；(战争等)爆发12．power['paʊə(r)]n．电力供应；能量；力量；控制力→powerful adj．强大的；有力的→powerless adj．无力的；没有能力的13．effect[I'fekt]n．影响；结果；效果→effective adj．有效果的14．length[leŋθ]n．长；长度→long adj．长的阅读词汇15．kit[kIt]n．成套工具；成套设备16．pipe[paIp]n．管子；管道17．summary['sʌməri]n．总结；概括；概要18．Thailand['taIlænd] 泰国重点短语1．in_the_open_air 露天；在户外2．on_hand 现有(尤指帮助)3．sweep_away 消灭；彻底消除4．put_up 搭建，举起，张贴5．stay_calm保持冷静6．in_danger 处境危险7．first_of_all 首先8．as_many_as 多达重点句型1．v．ing结构作结果状语：The most powerful earthquake in the past 40 years caused a tsunami that crashed into coastlines across Asia yesterday, killing_more_than_6，500_people(使6 500多人丧生) in Indonesia, India, Thailand, Malaysia, and at least four other countries．2．be doing sth．when．．．正在做某事这时……：I was_having_breakfast_with_my_three_children_when(正在与我的三个孩子一起吃早饭这时) water started filling my home．3．make it＋adj．＋to do sth．中it为形式宾语，动词不定式是真正的宾语：However, dangerous conditions and damaged roads will make_it_difficult_to_deliver_food_and_supplies(使运送食物和物资变得困难)．Read the passage on Page 54 and then choose the best answer．1．What’s the main idea of the passage?A．Something about the most powerful tsunami in Asia．B．The cause of the most powerful tsunami in Asia．C．The loss of the most powerful tsunami in Asia．D．How to rescue ourselves in times of disaster．2．What caused the tsunami?A．Hurricane．B．Typhoon．C．Flood．D．Earthquake．3．What is the magnitude of the earthquake that happened on December 27, 2004? A．7．0．B．9．0．C．7．5．D．6．0．4．Why were food and supplies hard to deliver?A．Because there were not enough food and supplies．B．Because rescue teams dared not go．C．Because conditions were hard and roads were destroyed．D．Because govern ments didn’t organize rescue teams．答案：1－4.ADBCpower n．能力；力量；权力(佳句背诵)As is known to us, knowledge is power．众所周知，知识就是力量。
Unit4 Space Exploration 词汇知识点讲解-高一英语(人教2019版必修第三册)
• currently adv现时;当前
figure out
• 弄清楚;弄明白;计算出
sufficient
• adj
• [正式]足够的;充足的(=enough)
• a sufficient reason充足的理由
• 【同根词】
• sufficiently adj.充分地；足够地
soap
• 【同根词】
• disappointedly adv.失望地 • disappointing adj.令人失望的；令人扫兴的 • disappointingly adv.令人失望地 • disappoint vt.使失望 • disappointment n.失望；沮丧
desire
•n
• 渴望;欲望
• determine ro do sth决心做某事
• 【同根词】
• determined adj
• ①有决心的;意志坚定的
• be determined to do sth决心做某事
• ②坚决的;坚定的
• a determined look一个坚定的眼神
• determination n.决心；果断
facility
• n[C]
• ①[复数]设施;设备 • ②(用于某种活动、行业或服务的)场所;建筑
• a pet care facility宠物护理中心
keen
• adj
• ①渴望的;热衷的 (=eager)
• be keen to do sth=be keen on doing sth渴望做某事
• beyond repair无法修理 • beyond the reach of sb = beyond one's reach够不着;力所不及 • be beyond sb超出某人的理解能力
Unit4 Space Exploration单元知识点复习 高一英语列(人教版2019必修第三册)
1. _i_n_c_l_o_si_n_g__ 最后 2. _a_s_a__r_es_u_l_t_/ _c_o_n_se_q_u__en__tl_y_/_in__c_o_n_s_e_q_u_e_n_c_e_ 所以，结果(是) 3. _o_n__b_o_a_r_d_ 在（宇宙飞船/船/飞机）上 4. _r_u_n__o_u_t/_u__se__u_p_ 耗尽，用完 5. _p_r_o_v_id__e_f_o_r_/ _su_p__p_o_r_t _h_is__fa_m__i_ly__ 养活他的家人 6. _f_ig_u_r_e__o_u_t_ 弄清楚
1. ____m_e_n_t_a_l____ adj. 精神的；思想的 ___m__e_n_ta_l_ly____ adv. 精神上，智力上
2. __i_n_t_e_ll_ig_e_n_t___ adj. 有智慧的；聪明的；有智力的 __in_t_e_l_li_g_e_n_c_e__ n. 智慧；智力
He is determined to get ahead of others in studies, so he works day and night.他决心在学习上胜过别人，所以他日夜努力。
一句多译 (2021·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)随着母亲节的临近，双胞胎决定为他们深 爱的母亲准备一顿美味的早餐。 With Mother's Day drawing near, the twins __w__e_re__d_e_te_r_m__in__ed__t_o_p_r_e_p_a_r_e___a delicious breakfast for their beloved mother.
Unit4NaturalDisasters基础知识练习- 高中英语人教版(2019)必修第一册
必修一Unit 4 Natural Disaster 基础知识练习一、单词拼写（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）根据汉语或首字母提示填出本单元所学单词。
1. At least 38 people were ____________(死的) and 70 injured after two explosions.2. She believes the story might have had a different ending if those good people had not come to her ___________ (帮助，援助).3. Rescuers landed on the White Island after ____________ (火山的) eruptions in New Zealand.4. 72 hours is the critical (关键的) rescue time after an earthquake ____________ (侵袭) a region.5. The problems faced by the poor countries would be more serious for lack of medical ____________ (补给品).6. The government has declared a state of ____________ (紧急情况) after the earthquake.7. Time spent in a bookshop can be most enjoyable. You may even have entered the shop just to take s____________ from a sudden shower.8. In the long term, UV radiation from the sun can ____________ (破坏) the DNA in cells, which can be repaired though.9. We should make every e____________ to encourage teenagers to protect our blue planet.10. We promise to d____________ within 48 hours.答案1 dead2 aid3 volcanic4 strikes5 supplies6 emergency7 shelter8 damage9 effort10 deliver二、单句语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
UNIT4 单元知识清单-2023-2024学年高中英语人教版(2019)必修第一册
新教材人教版英语必修第一册UNIT 4UNIT 4高频词汇知识点清单UNIT 4 NATURAL DISASTERS目录高频词汇精讲1. flood n. 洪水；大量vi. 淹没；大量涌入vt. 使灌满水；淹没2. ruin n. 废墟；破坏；毁坏vt. 破坏；毁坏；毁灭；使破产3. shelter n. 避难处；居所；庇护vt. 保护；掩蔽vi. 躲避(风雨或危险)4. shock n. 震惊；令人震惊的事；休克vt. 使震惊5. trap vt. (trapped，trapped)使落入险境；使陷入圈套n. 险境；陷阱6. breathe vi. & vt. 呼吸7. effort n. 努力；艰难的尝试；尽力8. suffer vt. 遭受；蒙受vi. (因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦9. supply n. 供应(量)；补给；[pl. ]补给品vt. 供应；供给10. survive vi. 生存；存活vt. 幸存；艰难度过11. calm adj. 镇静的；沉着的vt. 使平静；使镇静12. aid n. 援助；帮助；救援物资vi. & vt. 帮助；援助13. strike v. 侵袭；突击；击打；罢工；使突然想到；划(火柴)；敲；鸣；让(某人)觉得n. 罢工；罢课；袭击14. effect n. 影响；结果；效果高频词汇积累结构1. It seems/seemed as if. . . 仿佛/似乎……结构2. was/were doing sth. when. . . 正在做某事，这时……限制性定语从句(1)一、概述二、定语从句的关系代词的用法三、用that不用which的情况四、用which/who不用that的情况五、定语从句中的主谓一致高频词汇精讲1. flood n. 洪水；大量vi. 淹没；大量涌入vt. 使灌满水；淹没情景导学A flood of poems appeared in the Tang Dynasty. 唐朝出现了大量的诗。
unit 4 Discovering Useful 高一英语(人教版2019必修第一册)
高中英语 必修第一册 UNIT 4 NATURAL DISASTERS
【词语辨析】supply，provide 与 offer （1）supply 尤指大量供应、供给 supply sb. with sth. =supply sth. to sb. （2）provide 强调提供所需之物 provide sb. with sth. =provide sth. for sb. I provide him with all his rights. 我向他提供了他的所有权利。 （3）offer 强调主动提供 offer sb. sth. =offer sth. to sb. They decided to offer Jo the job. 他们决定让乔做这个工作。
高中英语 必修第一册 UNIT 4 NATURAL DISASTERS
单元语法 定语从句（Ⅰ）——关系代词的用法
1 定语从句概述 （1）定义：在复合句中修饰某一名词或代词的从句，叫作定语从句。它所修饰的名词或代 词叫作先行词。 （2）构成：
（3）分类：限制性定语从句、非限制性定语从句
高中英语 必修第一册 UNIT 4 NATURAL DISASTERS
高中英语 必修第一册 UNIT 4 NATURAL DISASTERS
UNIT 4 NATURAL DISASTERS
Section C Discovering Useful Structures
高中英语 必修第一册 UNIT 4 NATURAL DISASTERS
题组练·领悟方法
搭配
为某人 / 某物提供某物
高中英语 必修第一册 UNIT 4 NATURAL DISASTERS
教材原句p.52 She’s feeding the baby who survived the earthquake. 她正在给地震中幸存下来的婴儿喂食。
Unit4 单词、短语及句式-高一英语人教版(2019)必修第一册
Unit 4课文重点单词、短语及重点句式Part I 课文重点单词1. rescue n. & vt. 营救；救援【教材原句】What are the rescue workers and soldiers doing in the flood-hit area? 在受灾地区，救援人员和士兵在做什么？【高考例句】①（2016北京）Now, electric shock training and medical treatment are helping to rescue these big birds.现在，电击训练和医疗正在帮助营救这些大鸟。
①（2017全国1卷）I work with volunteers for wildlife, a rescue and education organization at Bailey Arboretum in Locust Valley. 我和野生动物志愿者一起工作，这是一个位于蝗虫谷贝利植物园的救援和教育组织。
【常用搭配】rescue sb./ sth. from…从……中营救某人/某物come to sb’s rescue 营救某人【练一练】1.Firefighters _______________ from a burning building.消防队员从着火的大楼里救出了一个孩子。
2. damage vt. 损害；破坏n. 损坏；损失【教材原句】Which buildings were damaged in Seoul？首尔哪些建筑物受损？【高考例句】（2015北京）But if the damage is caused by the user, you will have to pay for the repair. 但是，如果损坏是由用户造成的，那您必修支付维修费用。
【常用搭配】do damage to sb/sth对……造成损害【练一练】1._____________________________________________________. 吸烟严重损害健康。
Unit 4 Natural Disasters学年高一英语必修第一册单元(人教版2019)
必修一Unit 4重点单词变形，词组，短语，句型练习(知识点全覆盖)重点单词变形1．death n．死；死亡→adj.死的→adj.致命的→v．死亡2．affect vt.影响；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动→n．效果；影响→adj.有效的→n．喜欢；喜爱；感情3．shock n．震惊；令人震惊的事；休克vt.(使)震惊→adj.令人震惊的→adj.感到震惊的4．electricity n．电；电能→adj.电的；用电的→adj.电子的5．breathe vi.& vt.呼吸→n．呼吸→adj.气喘吁吁的6．wisdom n．智慧；才智→adj.明智的→adj.不明智的7．suffer vt.遭受；蒙受vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦→n．受难；苦楚8．erupt vi.& vt.(火山)爆发；(岩浆、烟等)喷出→n．喷发9．survive vi.生存；存活vt.幸存；艰难度过→n．幸存；生还→n．幸存者；生还者10．emergency n．突发事件；紧急情况→adj.紧急的→vi.浮现；出现11．deliver vt.& vi.递送；传达vt.发表→n．投递；送交12．length n．长；长度→ adj.长的→ v．(使)变长重点词组1．volcanic eruption2．as if3．in ruins4．in shock5．in the open air6．first aid kit7．on hand8．sweep away一、用单词的适当形式完成句子1．________ (suffer) defeat after defeat, he began to lose confidence in himself.2．Baptiste Dubanchet is biking across Europe, _______(survive) entirely on discarded (丢弃) food.3．I like getting up early in the morning. You know the morning air is so good to__________(breath). 4．These old people have experienced all kinds of__________(suffer) in their difficult times．.5．It rained for two weeks on end, completely__________(ruin) our holiday．6．The ___________ (injure) were sent to the nearest hospital right away after the accident.7．The big fire caused great damage ___________ the building built last year.8．__________(trap) in the ruins, the girl still held a positive attitude．9．The children had great fun _____(slide) down the grassy slope last Sunday.10．The dustman _____(sweep) up all the fallen leaves on this street yesterday.11．Thousands of soldiers and rescue workers were sent there to search for the _____(survive). 12．Michael’s new house is like a huge palace，__________ (compare) with his old one.13．To avoid(避免) knee pain，you can run on soft surfaces，do exercise to __________ (strengthen) your leg muscles.14．China's development creates opportunities rather __________ challenges.15．If he couldn't find his way out of the forest, there would be little chance of ________ (survive).16．Do you want to get this book ________ (deliver) to your house or would you prefer to come to the shop for it yourself?17．Death finally brought an end to his _________ (suffer)．18．The_____ (long) of the article should be about 800 words.19．The ________ team made countless (无数的) ________ during the earthquake.(rescue)20．It was with the help of the local guide that the mountain climber ________ (rescue).21．The air was so cold that we could hardly________ (breath).22．One-third of the country ________ (be) covered by trees.23．The most important thing is to keep ________ (calm) whatever happens.24．Do you still suffer________ a headache?25．People were ________to know that the little girl was killed in an accident. The ________ news ________ all the people around, which was also a ________to her father who was working abroad.(shock)26．Jazz is enjoying a ________ (revive).27．Our government has taken ________ (effect) measures to ban drunken driving.28．A wonderful idea ________ (strike) me suddenly when I was walking on the street.29．The cleaner was sweeping ________ fallen leaves on the ground when suddenly a car was driven towards him.30．We moved into a cabin with________ (electric) but no running water.31．I gave up ______ (go) to the theatre when I moved out of London.32．Have you read the book ______ was written by Anne Frank?33．What left the town in ______（ruin）?34．In the past three weeks, we have been burying ______(we) in study because the exam is drawing near. 35．The school________we visited yesterday is newly built.二、根据汉语意思填写单词36．He became the manager of the farm after his father’s ________ (死亡).37．More than seven million people have been ________（影响）by the earthquake.38．The strike had already led to cuts in ________（电力）and water supplies in many areas.39．Nearpod is a software program that creates a rich_________ (情境) for students to learn vocabulary. 40．This is one of the worst natural ____________(灾难) in the area.41．With the help of her teacher and through her own ____________(努力), Helen graduated from university. 42．Firemen were called out to ____________(营救) a man trapped in the building.43．The people in the earthquake area are in need of food, medicine and ____________ (避难处).44．Her beauty ____________ (打动) him deeply and he decided to date her.45．With the government’s aid, those people ______ (影响) by the earthquake have moved to the new houses. 46．If you decide to ________(发表) a speech, please make it brief.47．If people keep polluting the ocean, no creature will________(存活) in the long run.48．Although it is impossible to predict that a volcano will __________ (爆发) at some minute, it is possible in some period.49．It is possible to see the path of a(n) __________ (飓风) in the satellite pictures.50．You can adjust the _________ (长度) of time that the light remains on.三、完成句子51．我从来没有想到你能成功说服他改变主意。
Unit4重点词汇讲解课件- 高中英语人教版(2019)必修第一册
• 4 .shelter n．[C]避难处 [U]居所；庇护 • vt．保护；掩蔽 vi．躲避(风雨或危险) • shelter…from 保护/遮蔽……不/免受…… • shelter from 躲避……
• (1)After the terrible earthquake, the homeless need not only food and water but also proper shelter．
能……”，表示否定意义； • too ＋(glad/pleased/willing/delighted/anxious) to do sth
表示肯定意义
• (1)I hate it when she calls me at work—I'm always too busy to carry on a conversation with her．
• 如果我足够幸运被给予这样一个好机会，我将不遗余 力地完成这项任务。
• 12.suffer vt．遭受；蒙受 vi．(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦
• suffer losses/pains/a heart attack
•
遭受损失/痛苦/心脏病发作
• suffer from 患……病；因……而受苦
• suffer from cold and hunger
• (2)When we were trapped in the ruins, the soldiers came to our rescue．
• 当我们被困在废墟中时，战士们赶来救援。
• (3)At midnight we finally rescued(rescue) the tourists who were trapped in the valley．
Unit+4+Natural+Disasters知识点练习 高中英语人教版(2019)必修第一册
Unit4一．单词词组解析：1.damage, v, 损害，破坏，n, 损坏，损失do damage to ......对....造成损害2.rescue,v, n, 营救，救援，rescue.....from....把某人、某物从.....中营救出来The policeman rescued the boy from drowning.短语意思：_____________3.destroy, vt, 摧毁，毁灭（指彻底摧毁，以至于不能或很快被修复）The earthquake destroyed almost the entire city. 意思：___________4.Survive, vt, 幸存，survivor, 幸存者，Survive on...靠.....维持生活5.affect,vt, 影响，深深打动，affection, n, 喜爱，慈爱affect sth= have an effect on sth对某事有影响Does TV affect/ have an effect on children’s behaviour?短语意思：_____________6.shelter, n, 庇护所，vt,保护，掩蔽The special element shelters your clothes from acid rain.短语意思：_____________7.in ruins严重受损，破败不堪In less than one minute, a large city lay in ruins.短语意思：____________8.Shock,n, 震惊，休克，vt,震惊，shocked, adj, 吃惊的，震惊的，shocking,adj,令人震惊的In shock, 震惊，吃惊be shocked to do sth对做某事感到震惊be shocked at/by...被..震惊They were shocked to hear that the hospital was closing down.短语意思：__________9.be trapped in.....陷入.....被困住A few people were trapped in a freezing cold room.短语意思：______________10.bury, vt, 埋葬，安葬be buried in (doing) sth 专心致志做某事Be buried in thoughts 沉思Buried in the newspaper, I didn’t notice what was happening.11.breathe, vt, 呼吸，n, 呼吸的空气Slowly，the city began to breathe again.12.effort, n, 努力，艰难的尝试，尽力make an effort to do sth 努力/竭尽全力做某事Spare no effort to do sth不遗余力做某事We should spare no effort to protect our environment, because it is shared by all the creatures.词组意思：______________13.Suffer, vt, 遭受，经受，忍受，vi, 受苦Suffer from, 遭受......之苦，患.....病He was suffering from serious heart disease.词组意思：_______________14.supply, n, 供应量，vt, 供应，供给Supply sb with sth=supply sth to sb向某人提供某物15.calm, adj, 镇静的，平静的，vt, 使平静，calm down平静下来It is not easy to calm the excited man down.词组意思：____________________16.aid,n, 帮助，援助，vt,帮助With the aid of........在.....的帮助下aid sb to do sth帮助某人做某事aid sb in doing sth帮助某人做某事We aided him in raising the money.句型意思：_________________17.on hand现有（尤指帮助）The emergency services were on hand with medical advice.词组意思：_____________18.Strike, vi, vt, (struck, struck,/stricken)侵袭，突击，击打，碰撞①vi, 罢工，strike for sth 为了某事而罢工②vt, 突然想起，一下子想起，（不用于进行时）It strikes sb that.......某人突然想起......=it occurs to sb that.....③vt, 敲，鸣，报时④vt,vi, 擦，划，（火柴）⑤n, 罢工，罢课，go on strike 举行罢工19.deliver, vt, 递送，传递，vt, 发表deliver.....to.....把......交给......deliver a speech 发表演说deliver,v, 接生，助产20.effect, n, 影响，结果，效果，作用,effective, adj, 有效的have an effect on/ upon....对.......有影响take effect开始起作用Come into effect生效，开始实施The rain has had a very bad effect on the crops.词组意思：___________21.sweep away 消灭，彻底消除二．佳句鉴赏：1.Eleven kilometres directly below the city, one of the most deadly earthquakes of the 20th century had begun, a quake that even caused damage more than 150 kilometres away in Beijing.解析：_______________________________________________________________________ 2.it seemed as if the world were coming to an end.解析：_______________________________________________________________________3.Everythere survivors looked, there was nothing but ruins.解析：______________________________________________________________________ 4.The most powerful earthquake in the past 40 years caused a tsunami that crashed into coastlines across Asia yesterday , killing more than 6500 people in Indonesia, India, Thailand, Malaysia, and at least four other countries.解析：______________________________________________________________________ 5.I was having breakfast with my three children when water started filling my home.解析：_______________________________________________________________________ 6.However, dangerous conditions and damaged roads will make it difficult to deliver food and supplies.7.解析：_____________________________________________________________________三．语法；关系代词引导的定从1.基本概念：①在复合句中，对名词，代词，名词性短语，句子进行修饰，限定的句子叫定语从句。