英美社会与文化期末试题样式和说明
哈工大 2013 年 春 季学期
大学英语社会与文化试题 (B)
Part I True or False Questions (0.5 x 40 = 20 Points ) Directions: Decide whether the following statements are true or false according to what you have learned in the textbook. And write your answers on the Answer Sheet .
01. Most of Australia’s u nique plants and animals are imported form other continents. 02. Keats, Shelley and Byron brought the Romantic Movement to its height
03. Sinn Fein is a legal political party in Northern Ireland.
Part II Multiple Choice Questions ( 0.5 x 50 = 25 points ) Directions: Choose the best answer to each statement or question according to the information you have got in the textbook. And Write your answers on the Answer Sheet.
01. How many counties are there in Northern Ireland?
A. 26
B. 6
C. 32
D. 20
02. Which of the following is NOT an effect of immigration on British society?
A. There is now a varied cuisine for people to choose from.
B. Class tension has increased.
C. New forms of popular music have emerged.
D. Different religious beliefs have been practiced actively.
03. Which of the following is a privately funded university in Britain?
A. The University of Cambridge.
B. The University of Oxford.
C. The University of Edinburgh.
D. The University of Buckingham.
Part III Filling in the Blanks (0.5 x 60 = 30 Points ) Directions: Fill in the blanks with the correct answer according to the facts that you have learned in the textbook and you can select your answers from the following reference words. And write your answers on the Answer Sheet.
01. Shakespeare’s plays fall into three categories: , comedies and history plays. 02. Comprehensive schools provide a general education from subjects like
literature and science to more practical subjects like cooking and carpentry.
03. Britain has one of the world’s oldest established newspaper industries. The Times ,
which began publishing in 1785, is Britain’s oldest newspaper.
1. daily
2. quality
3. tabloid
4. tragedies
5. academic
6. intelligent
7. national 8. Guardian 9. Financial Times 10. magic
Part IV Explaining The Terms (2 x 5 = 10 points)
Directions: There are five terms in the part. You should explain or describe them in detail.
Please write your answers on the Answer Sheet.
1. The Kiwi
2. The Open Polytechnic in New Zealand
3. The Bill of Rights in the USA
4. “The Wizard of Menlo Park”
5. Martin Luther King Jr.
6. The Strategy of Preemption in the USA
7. Early Jazz Music
8. The Canadian Identity
9. The Canadian Mosaic 10. The Inuit
Part V Writing (1 x 15 = 15 points) Directions:Write a summary and comment on one of the following topics. Please give your description and opinions about the topic as much in detail
as possible. Remember to write no less than 200 words and copy
neatly on the Answer Sheet.
1. How do you understand foreign policies of the USA? Give your comment
on them
2. What are three big parties in the UK? What are some of the similarities
and dissimilarities among the three parties? Compare with the parties in the USA and comment on them
3. What are the similarities and differences in the government systems
between the UK and the USA? Give your comment on them.
4. Do you think Multiculturalism in Australia enables migrants from other
countries to have equality? Compare with the USA and comment on them.
5. What were the major social movements of the 1960s in the USA? Give your
comment on them..
期末考试说明
1. 期末考试卷题型和期中试卷一样（见上面样题）题量比期中考试多一倍。
2. 范围是16单元--- 30单元（Unit 16-30）
3. Part III Filling in the Blanks 这部分答题纸只写选词前面题号，不要抄写所选答案的单词。
4. Part IV Explaining The Terms 这部分10个解释都要背下来记住，A卷五个；
B卷出5个。
5. Part V Writing 作文部分为开卷考试。
五个作文题学生任选一道题，考前写好，考场上抄在答题作文纸上。
6. 考试时间定于6月30日，具体时间和地点见通知。
《英美文化概论》期末考试20
一、单项选择题〔题数：50，共50.0 分〕1Why did the French consortium gave up to build the canal?( )〔1.0分〕1.0 分A、Because it was too expensive.B、Because many people died.C、Because the topography in Panama was difficult to build a canal.D、Because the American government decidded to buld it by themselves.正确答案：C 我的答案：C2The most popular pets in America is ( ).〔1.0分〕1.0 分A、DogB、FishC、BirdD、Cat正确答案：D 我的答案：D31 kilogram is ( ) pounds.〔1.0分〕1.0 分A、0.6B、1.7C、2.1D、2.2正确答案：D 我的答案：DWhich one of following is polite in western culture?( )〔1.0分〕1.0 分A、Throwing paper on the groundB、Smoking in restaurantC、Spitting in the streetD、Waiting bus in a queue正确答案：D 我的答案：D5Which car company has the most market in America?( )〔1.0分〕1.0 分A、GMB、FordC、ToyotaD、Honda正确答案：A 我的答案：A6According to the 2010 Pew Survey, ( ) of Chinese believe folk religion.〔1.0分〕1.0 分A、18.2%B、5.1%C、13.8%D、21.9%正确答案：D 我的答案：D7Which one of following is wrong about the GFC Recession? ( )〔1.0分〕A、Banks stopped lending.B、Companies cut jobs.C、Stock market crashed.D、People got more job opportunity.正确答案：D 我的答案：D8( ) was the state with the highest crime rate in America.〔1.0分〕1.0 分A、FloridaB、TexasC、New YorkD、Georgia正确答案：A 我的答案：A9( ), Missouri, Iowa, Oklahoma and California have the most farms in the USA.〔1.0分〕1.0 分A、ArizonaB、MarylandC、TexasD、Nevada正确答案：C 我的答案：C10Which one is right about George Washington?( )〔1.0分〕1.0 分He was graduated from college.B、He had three children.C、He had no experience in military action.D、He was revered as the "Father of the United States".正确答案：D 我的答案：D11The Great Depression started in ( ).〔1.0分〕1.0 分A、1929B、1932C、1933D、1939正确答案：A 我的答案：A12Which one is wrong about 9/11?( )〔1.0分〕1.0 分A、About 3000 people were killed.B、It happened in 2002.C、The World Trade Centre and Pentagon were attacked.D、It was the first attack on mainland USA since 1812.正确答案：B 我的答案：B13Which was wrong about the Civil War?( )〔1.0分〕1.0 分A、America was kept as one country.Slavery was abolished.C、After the Battle of Gettysburg, the North started to win.D、The South was strong in "hard power".正确答案：D 我的答案：D14The Democratic Party is also called ( ).〔1.0分〕1.0 分A、Enlightened PartyB、Judicial PartyC、Conservative PartyD、Liberal Party正确答案：D 我的答案：D15Bernie Madoff's clients lost about ( ) billion dollars.〔1.0分〕1.0 分A、10B、20C、30D、40正确答案：A 我的答案：A16Which one is wrong about the American political system?( )〔1.0分〕1.0 分A、The government is small.B、Leaders are educated.There are many traditions.D、The society is classless.正确答案：C 我的答案：C17Which is right about American college?( )〔1.0分〕1.0 分A、Many American college students have part time jobs.B、There is only one chance to do college entrance exam.C、There are many classed even at night.D、Friends and classmates will help you to study.正确答案：A 我的答案：A18Voting can not be ( ).〔1.0分〕1.0 分A、In personB、AbsenteeC、Making a phone callD、By mail正确答案：C 我的答案：C19Which is not the major environment issues of America?( )〔1.0分〕1.0 分A、Air pollutionB、Water shortageC、Loss of agricultural landdesertification正确答案：C 我的答案：C2068% of the 79 inventors with more than 300 utility paten families are from ( ).〔1.0分〕1.0 分A、AustraliaB、JapanC、GermanyD、USA正确答案：D 我的答案：D21The biggest religion by followers is ( ).〔1.0分〕1.0 分A、IslamB、HinduismC、ChristianityD、Buddhism正确答案：C 我的答案：C22Which one of following is not an American company?( )〔1.0分〕1.0 分A、GoogleB、CocaColaC、FacebookD、Airbus正确答案：D 我的答案：D23Which one is wrong about Franklin Delano Roosevelt?( )〔1.0分〕1.0 分A、He was also known as FDR.B、He give American people confidence during the Great Depression.C、He was elected as president for 3 times.D、He started many government programs to provide work to people.正确答案：C 我的答案：C24Why don't many people in New York City want a car?( )〔1.0分〕1.0 分A、Because car is expensive in New York City.B、Because traffic is bad in New York City.C、Because there is no place to park cars in New York City.D、Because the number of cars is limited by government.正确答案：C 我的答案：C25World Series is held in ( ) every year.〔1.0分〕1.0 分A、JulyB、AugustC、SeptemberD、October正确答案：D 我的答案：D26Who is the most powerful person according to the 2013 Forbes List?( )〔1.0分〕1.0 分A、Vladimir PutinB、Barack ObamaC、Xi JinpingD、Pope Francis正确答案：A 我的答案：A27Which one is wrong about Benjamin Franklin?( )〔1.0分〕1.0 分A、He was also a Doctor.B、He loved reading.C、He started the first public library in Philadelphia.D、He was 81 when he went to the Constitutional Convention.正确答案：A 我的答案：A28In ( ), Barack Obama was elected as the 44th President of the USA.〔1.0分〕1.0 分A、2006B、2007C、2008D、2009正确答案：C 我的答案：C29Which one of following is wrong about Abraham Lincoln?( )〔1.0分〕1.0 分A、He was the 16th president of America.B、He was killed in 1865 when the Civil War was just finished.C、He was a businessman and then became politician.D、He was born in a poor farm family.正确答案：C 我的答案：C30In American countries, ( ) has the highest homicide rate.〔1.0分〕1.0 分A、USAB、BrazilC、JamaicaD、Honduras正确答案：D 我的答案：D31The amendments to the Constitution must be supported by ( ) of the States.〔1.0分〕1.0 分A、72%B、73%C、74%D、75%正确答案：D 我的答案：D32Christopher Columbus was the first person to cross the ( ) Ocean.〔1.0分〕1.0 分A、B、IndianC、ArcticD、Atlantic正确答案：D 我的答案：D33George Washington declared ( )〔1.0分〕1.0 分A、Thanksgiving DayB、ChristmasC、HalloweenD、New Year's Day正确答案：A 我的答案：A34( ) is most used for the electricity production in the USA and China.〔1.0分〕1.0 分A、WaterB、NuclearC、WindD、Coal正确答案：D 我的答案：D35The new Constitution was singed in ( ).〔1.0分〕1.0 分A、1787B、C、1785D、1784正确答案：A 我的答案：A36Michael Phelps won ( ) Olympic medals.〔1.0分〕1.0 分A、18B、20C、22D、25正确答案：C 我的答案：C37Which one is wrong, about the geography of America and China?( )〔1.0分〕1.0 分A、China has more railways than America.B、America has two neighbour countries, Canada and Mexico.C、Both America and China's climates vary greatly.D、America's land is less than China's, but water in America is more than China.正确答案：A 我的答案：A38Which statement of following is wrong?( )〔1.0分〕1.0 分A、There were many cold conflicts in the cold war, such as weapon competition and spying.B、Germany reunited in 1990.C、The USSR was dissolved in 1990.D、After the USSR dissovled, 15 new countries were created.正确答案：C 我的答案：C39Which one is wrong about housing in western countries?( )〔1.0分〕1.0 分A、Apartment is preferred by young and old people.B、Couples get mortgage from bank to buy a house or an apartment.C、Real estate is cheap in Australia.D、More people live in houses than in high buildings.正确答案：C 我的答案：C40The New York magzine called Bernie Madoff ( ).〔1.0分〕1.0 分A、VillainB、HeroC、MonsterD、Saviour正确答案：C 我的答案：C41Registering to vote costs ( ).〔1.0分〕1.0 分A、＄5B、＄10C、＄20D、No cost正确答案：D 我的答案：D42In ( ), the first humans walked on the moon.〔1.0分〕1.0 分A、1967B、1968C、1969D、1970正确答案：C 我的答案：C43The Panama Canal was finally built by a ( ) consortium.〔1.0分〕1.0 分A、FranceB、ItalyC、BritainD、America正确答案：D 我的答案：D44The American Bill of Rights was effective in ( ).〔1.0分〕1.0 分A、1787B、1786C、1791D、1792正确答案：C 我的答案：C45Which one is wrong about Thomas Edison?( )〔1.0分〕1.0 分A、He was educated in school.B、His first job is telegraph operator.C、He had many patents.D、He invented electric light bulb.正确答案：A 我的答案：A46Bill is the short version of ( ).〔1.0分〕1.0 分A、WilliamB、StevenC、RobertD、Richard正确答案：A 我的答案：A47The capital city of Australia is ( ).〔1.0分〕1.0 分A、SydneyB、CanberraC、MelbourneD、Brisbane正确答案：B 我的答案：B48What does "When in Rome, do as the Romans do." mean?( )〔1.0分〕1.0 分A、When travelling in Rome, do what the Roman people do.B、When you are staying in another place, you should respect local culture.C、If you are in another place, you should act like the local people.D、When living in Rome, you should do what the Roman people do.正确答案：C 我的答案：C49The Super Bowl is usually held ( ).〔1.0分〕1.0 分A、AT the end of JanuaryB、In MarchC、In MayD、In November正确答案：A 我的答案：A50Which is the largest states by population?( )〔1.0分〕1.0 分A、TexasB、New YorkC、CaliforniaD、Florida正确答案：C 我的答案：C二、判断题〔题数：50，共50.0 分〕1There is only one given name in western name.( )〔1.0分〕1.0 分正确答案：×我的答案：×2Each State has the same Constitution.( )〔1.0分〕1.0 分正确答案：×我的答案：×3"Tiger Woods" is the real name of Woods.( )〔1.0分〕1.0 分正确答案：×我的答案：×4The British Parliamentary System, the Legislative Branch, Executive Branch and Judicial Branch are separated.( )〔1.0分〕1.0 分正确答案：×我的答案：×5There is no Christianity in China.( )〔1.0分〕1.0 分正确答案：×我的答案：×6Now services in China grows very fast.( )〔1.0分〕1.0 分正确答案：√我的答案：√7Over the lasr few years, guns are becoming more and more popular in America.( )〔1.0分〕1.0 分正确答案：×我的答案：×8British people migrated to America with the ship called Mayflower in 1620.( )〔1.0分〕1.0 分正确答案：√我的答案：√9In America, president can not veto legislation.( )〔1.0分〕1.0 分正确答案：×我的答案：×10Henry Ford was the first man in the world using moving assembly line in factory.( )〔1.0分〕1.0 分正确答案：√我的答案：√11Senators are elected for 5 year.( )〔1.0分〕正确答案：×我的答案：×12The first telephone line was built in 1877.( )〔1.0分〕1.0 分正确答案：√我的答案：√13Only the north tower of the World Trade Centre was attacked.( )〔1.0分〕1.0 分正确答案：×我的答案：×14Warren Buffett was born in a rich family.( )〔1.0分〕1.0 分正确答案：×我的答案：×15Boston is on the West Coast of America.( )〔1.0分〕1.0 分正确答案：×我的答案：×16In 2008, most of American agriculture imports were from China.( )〔1.0分〕1.0 分正确答案：×我的答案：×1710% of people in America use left hand.( )〔1.0分〕1.0 分正确答案：√我的答案：√18Thomas Paine was born in France.( )〔1.0分〕1.0 分正确答案：×我的答案：×192014 AD means 2014 Before the Birth of Jesus Christ.( )〔1.0分〕1.0 分正确答案：×我的答案：×20Before America purchased it,Alaska was belong to Mexico.( )〔1.0分〕1.0 分正确答案：×我的答案：×21In 2013, the Seattle Seahawks was the best defensive team during the season.( )〔1.0分〕1.0 分正确答案：√我的答案：√22Agnostic is 100% certain that there is no god.( )〔1.0分〕正确答案：×我的答案：×23In America and Australia, people prefer to big motorbikes.( )〔1.0分〕1.0 分正确答案：√我的答案：√24The Declaration of Independence was made in 1775.( )〔1.0分〕1.0 分正确答案：×我的答案：×25American president can be elected for 3 terms.( )〔1.0分〕1.0 分正确答案：×我的答案：×26It's expensive to have a horse.( )〔1.0分〕1.0 分正确答案：√我的答案：√27The Constituional Convention was held in Philadelphia.( )〔1.0分〕1.0 分正确答案：√我的答案：√28The total area of China is bigger than America.( )〔1.0分〕1.0 分正确答案：×我的答案：×29Many western students go on a gap year after finishing high school.( )〔1.0分〕1.0 分正确答案：√我的答案：√30In western countries, people don't always say thank you to other people.( )〔1.0分〕1.0 分正确答案：×我的答案：×31The Communist Party in the USA is not legal.( )〔1.0分〕1.0 分正确答案：×我的答案：×32The Cold War continued for only a few years.( )〔1.0分〕1.0 分正确答案：×我的答案：×33Both American and Chinese governments have significant direct involvement in the economy.( )〔1.0分〕1.0 分正确答案：×我的答案：×34Because the northern America is cold, James Naismith invented basketball which is a good sport for winter.( )〔1.0分〕1.0 分正确答案：√我的答案：√35The Great Depression only happened in America.( )〔1.0分〕1.0 分正确答案：×我的答案：×36America's population growth rate is lower than China's.( )〔1.0分〕1.0 分正确答案：×我的答案：×37The aim to build the Panama Canal was to connect America and Panama.( )〔1.0分〕1.0 分正确答案：×我的答案：×3896% of the farmers are black people.( )〔1.0分〕1.0 分正确答案：×我的答案：×39Benjamin Franklin was born in a rich family and well educated.〔〕〔1.0分〕1.0 分正确答案：×我的答案：×40The Pew Global Attitudes Project shows that rich countries have stronger belief in religion, but the poor countries have lower belief in religion.( )〔1.0分〕1.0 分正确答案：×我的答案：×41Because many West Germans fled to the East, the West Germany government built the Berlin Wall.( )〔1.0分〕1.0 分正确答案：×我的答案：×42In western countries, eye contact is important.( )〔1.0分〕1.0 分正确答案：√我的答案：√43Per capita means a person.( )〔1.0分〕1.0 分正确答案：√我的答案：√44Gambling is legal in western countries.( )〔1.0分〕1.0 分正确答案：√我的答案：√45Women never won the Nobel Prize.( )〔1.0分〕1.0 分正确答案：×我的答案：×46The membership of the Democratic Party is hard.( )〔1.0分〕1.0 分正确答案：×我的答案：×47There are no catholics in China.( )〔1.0分〕1.0 分正确答案：×我的答案：×48China was not affected much by the GFC Recession.( )〔1.0分〕1.0 分正确答案：√我的答案：√49Originally, the Christians were called Catholics.( )〔1.0分〕1.0 分正确答案：√我的答案：√50A senator and a representative can only be elected for two times.( )〔1.0分〕1.0 分正确答案：×我的答案：×学习文档仅供参考。
(完整word版)《英美社会与文化》复习题汇总 (2)
期末复习题目汇总（答案不提供）I. Fill in the blanks.(History)1. Most people who came to the British colonies in the 1600s were ____English_________. Others came from The Netherlands, Sweden, Germany, France, Scotland, and Northern Ireland. By 1690, 250,000 people lived in the ______New World________. By 1790, there were2.5 million people.2. The first settlements were along the Atlantic coast and on rivers that flowed into the ocean. In the Northeast, trees covered the hills and stones filled the soil, but water power was available. The Northeast was called New England, and it included Massachusetts,________Connecticut_______, and _______Rhode Island______________. The economy was based on timber, fishing, shipbuilding, and trade.3. The ideas of __liberalism____________ and ________democracy_____ are the basis of the U.S. political system. As the colonists built their new society, they believed more strongly in these ideas. Britain's 13 colonies grew in population and economic strength during the 1700s. Although ruled by a distant government, the colonists governed many local affairs.4. The American Revolution and the war for independence from Britain began with a small fight between British troops and colonists on April 19, _1775______. The British troops left __Boston________, Massachusetts, planning to take weapons and ammunition from revolutionary colonists. At ______Lexington_______, they met armed colonists who were called ______Minutemen_________ because they could be ready to fight in a minute. (holiday)5. Valentine's Day originated in the ____Roman_____ Era.6. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. made the famous ___I have a dream, the Nobel PeacePrize_______ speech in 1963.7. Easter is an important ___religious and social_________ festival in Christian countries.8. President Woodrow Wilson, in 1914, made the official announcement proclaiming____Mother's Day____ as a national holiday that was to be held each year on the 2nd Sunday of May.9. __Independence Day________ is the National Day of US which is observed on July 4.10. Columbus Day celebrates ___the discovery in America_______ by Christopher Columbus on October 12, 1492.11. On__Halloween__, American children dress up in funny or scary costumes and go trick or treating by knocking on doors in their neighborhood.12. Thanksgiving Day is a federal holiday celebrated on the fourth Thursday in____November__.13. Earth Day is designed to promote _ecology__________.14. Thanksgiving celebrates the first harvest feast between the Indians and the___Pilgrims_ during the settlers' first year in America.(politics)15. The Congress in the United States is composed of the Houseof Representatives and the Senate; the Parliament in Britain is composed of themonarch, the House of Lords and the House of Commons .16. The Three branches of the American federal government are the legislativebranch , the executive branch, and the judicial branch .17. In the United Kingdom, the Prime Minister is head of government; in the UnitedStates, the President is the head of government.18. The House of Lords in the United Kingdom consists of two very different types of members, the Lords Temporal and the Lords Spiritual .(economy)19. Two of the basic powers that government can wield in a tax foreclosure are taxationand eminent ___domain_______.20. Once the property becomes _delinquent__________, the homeowner begins toreceive letters from the lender requesting payment for the mortgage.21. __Real estate owned_________ properties that revert back to the lender because of foreclosure (or deeds in lieu of foreclosure) are normally called REOs, or real estate owned properties.22. The sub-prime crisis, which has its roots in the closing years of the 20th century, became apparent in 2007 and has exposed pervasive weakness in financial industry____financial industry regulation______ and the global financial system.23. In recent months, we have taken steps to shore up the housing sector -- including measures to help struggling homeowners avoid ___foreclosure______ and keep their homes.24. Union contracts set both a wage floor and a wage ceiling. __Union contracts______ employers may not give productive workers pay raises outside those envisioned in the collectively bargained contract.25. The government should end the _interventions_______ it has made since 2008,starting with abolition of the TARP program. It then should abolish Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae and repeal all U.S. government regulatory measures that interfere with mortgage markets.26. Factor differences between Britain and U.S. resulted in Britain benefiting from its highly skilled _workforce_______, two thirds of which were employed with companies staffedwith less than 250 workers.27. Unlike Britain, the U.S. had a national, homogeneous market in which large corporations profited from economies of scale and mass production.28. The 1976 agreement with the monetary fund was not only seen as a national embarrassment, it remained a symbol of a country that, under various Labor governments, effectively lost control of the economy to militant trade unions, resulting in spiraling debtand rampant work stoppages that brought down Britain.(education)29. In the United States, if some of the students want to go to school during July or August,they could enroll in ____summer__ sessions.30. Two oldest universities in Britain are _Cambridge_____ and ____Oxford__.31. The most famous public school in Britain is called _Eton (college) _____.32. In the U.S., except kindergarten, there are two other classroom situations to which little children are introduced. They are _nursery school_____ and __day-care center____.33. __American football______ is the college sport that often stirs up the most national interest in the United States.34. There are three forms of monetary assistance that college students receive. They are: ___loans___, ___scholarships___, and ___part-time jobs___.(religion)35. Freedom of religious belief or non-belief is provided in __the Bill of Rights______ in the Constitution.36. In the US, religious instruction in public schools is ___against the Constitution_____ according to a ruling by the Supreme Court.37. The two Protestant denominations, __Baptists______ and _Methodists_______ are by now regarded as wholly American.38. In the US, the largest single religious group is that of ___Roman Catholics_____. The largest Protestant group is _____Baptists___. Next to that Protestant sect is__Methodists______. A very small and select Protestant group is _Quakers_______.39. The first Catholic president is ___John F·Kennedy_____.40. In England, four-fifths of the people except the Catholics go to church. Yet____half____ of American Protestants are active church members.(national characters)41. Immigrants flooding into the United States in the 17th, 18th and much of the 19th centuries were mainly from ______northern____ and ____western Europe________. 42. People who came to the New World prior to the founding of the United States are called “_early immigrants___”, while those who arrived in America before 1880 are referred to as “_old immigrants_”.43. ___Black__ people constitute the largest ethnic-racial minority group in the US today.44. That “All men are created equal”is from the document _the Declaration of Independence___.45. The cultural diversity in the US finds its best expression in the well-known term____melting pot_________.46. The British national characteristic of ____Irish national identity___________ finds its expression in the fact that many British people still prefer to have a fireplace in their living room, and still adhere to the Monarchy.(mass media)47. British National Broadcasters can be divided into two types: 1) Public Broadcasting, such as the famous _BBC_____, which was founded in 1922; and 2) Private Broadcasting, such as __ITV____, __Channel 4____, and __Channel 5____.48. British public broadcasting should serve the purpose of _entertaining_____,__informing____ and __educating____ the nation.49. The most striking characteristics of magazine development in the U.S. during the twentieth century was a trend toward ___specialization___, ___changing lifestyle___ and__shifting economic conditions____ in the decades following World War I influenced magazine development.(leisure and entertainment)50. In early America, leisure was values with_ suspicion_______ and __little value___.51. The American puritans' extreme emphasis placed on work and the detestation of idleness were supported by _Puritan theology_____, which gave moral sanction to economic necessity.52. Contemporary Americans believe that leisure should be more than a___restorative________ for work; it should be viewed as an __important________ part of modern life and be regarded as a ___worthwhile_____ end or goal in and of itself.53. In Great Britain, Pubs usually have two separate rooms: the ___public___ bar and the ____lounge_____bar.(social problems)54. __Poverty_______ reemerged as a social program in the 1960s and was perceived as a condition that represented a glaring gap between American ___ideals_______ and___reality_______.55. Drug abuse is a social problem because it has a wide range of social costs. It is closely related with ____crime_____, __automobile__ accidents. It has serious effects on individuals ____physically_____ and ____mentally______, and the____economic_______ losses caused by drug abuse are great.56. British conservative known to the world, but British teenage __pregnancy__ rate unexpectedly is highest in the world.II. True or false statements.1. Thomas Paine, a radical political thinker, argued for independence and against hereditary monarchy in his pamphlet Common Sense.2. Thomas Jefferson was the main writer of the Declaration of Independence.3. The British soldiers were also called Roundheads.4. Thomas Jefferson was the commander-in-chief of the colonial army.5. The Declaration of Independence, adopted July 4, 1777, announced the birth of a new nation.6. Earth Day was first celebrated in 1970 in Britain.7. Many people now refer Washington's Birthday as Presidents' Day and consider it a day honoring all American presidents.8. The first presidential proclamation honoring fathers was issued in 1966 by President John F. Kennedy.9. Labor Day is a United States federal holiday observed on May 1st.10. Boxing Day actually has nothing to do with boxing.11. Both Britain and America have a written constitution. In Britain, there is no Bill of Rights to guarantee the individual rights of every citizen, while in America there is one. 12. The General Election in Britain takes place every four to five years, while the presidential election in America takes place every four years.13. In the United States, both the president and the senators can serve at most 8-year terms.14. The Supreme Court is the highest court in the United States. It consists of nine Justices: the Chief Justice and eight Associate Justices. The Justices are nominated by the President and confirmed with the consent of the Senate.15. In the United Kingdom, implementation of the Minister's decisions is carried out by a permanent politically neutral organization known as the civil service. The independenceand professional of the British civil service is a fundamental feature of the British political system.16. According to Josh Rosner, co-author of Reckless Engagement, there was a symbiotic relationship between Wall Street and the GSEs and Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac were the largest buyers of sub-prime securities the Wall Street was bundling, packaging and selling themselves.17. An abundance of cheap credit makes borrowing money easy for banks and causesthem to go crazy with leverage.18. U.S. corporate tax rate, currently the second highest in the developed world, must be hiked to restore U.S. competitiveness.19. Although Britain's domestic market was smaller, consumer demands were much less heterogeneous than in the U.S. due to cultural factors and wage inequality.20. As the lesson of Britain's crisis in 1976 demonstrates, good intentions are not enoughto offset a loss of international investor confidence.21. About half of income of British universities is provided by the State.22. The “eleven plus”is the exam taken by children in their last year at primary school.23. An American college student should maintain a low C average in order to remain in school.24. In order to attend college, a high school student in the U.S. must pass the college entrance examination.25. Since World War II, one of the most dramatic developments in U.S. higher education has been the ever-rising cost.26. Religion in America has been identified with an oppressive or dominant social class or set of political institutions.27. There are more than a hundred other Protest sects, many of them hardly known to anyone except their own members, but with a combined membership of more than twenty million. They express variety, rather than doctrinal shism.28. The largest single religious group is that of Roman Catholics, More than one-quarter of all Americans are now of the Roman Catholic faith, and the majority of these are descendants of immigrants from Germany and Scandinavia.29. It is probably safe to say that the Orthodox Church members are more outside the main stream of American social and religious life, or less assimilated, than members of other religious bodies.30. It is still considered unlikely that a Jew could be elected as President of the United States, because of the strong built-in prejudices of the Protest majority.31. Black people constitute the largest ethnic racial minority group in the U.S. today.32. The frontier experience shaped, to a large extent, the American National character.33. Phrases like “from rags to riches”clearly demonstrate the American belief in the myth of American Dream.34. The sentence “an Englishman's home is his castle”suggests that conservatism is a part of the British national character.35. The British geographic separation from the European continent helped shape theBritish sense of aloofness from strangers.36. In Britain, the greater part of most people's leisure time is spent in the home.37. As for British people, the working class considers the home as a private place while the middle class regards it as a social zone.38. People who play Bingo consider themselves to be gamblers.39. Many Americans prefer leisure activities that require a high level of physical exertion.40. As for American people, the effects of pre-industrial Puritanism are still rather profoundin the contemporary society.41. New figures show the number of children and teenagers taken to hospital afterdrinking alcohol has gone up by nearly a third.42. Within the field of criminology, white-collar crime has been defined as “a crime committed by a person of respectability and high social status in the course of his occupation.”43. Poverty in the United States does not simply mean that the poor do not live quite aswell as other citizens. Poverty can also mean low self-esteem, despair, and stunting of human potential.44. Britain has the lowest divorce rate and smallest proportion of lone parents in Europe.45. A survey reported by OECD says that the health of British teenagers ranks the last one among all the OECD member countries, because of smoking, drinking and teenager pregnancy.III. Short-answer questions.1. What do you know about the Declaration of Independence?2. What are the distinctive features of middle colonies of the 13 colonies?3. What are the distinctive features of the Southern colonies of the 13 colonies?4. Can you briefly introduce the traditions of Thanksgiving Day?5. What does Easter celebrate and how do people celebrate it?6. Can you list four basic principles that the American Constitution of 1789 is built on?7. What are the two dominant political parties in the United States and the three dominant political parties in the United Kingdom?8. What are the causes of the sub-prime (mortgage) crisis in the U.S.?9. What solutions are needed to restore the U.S. to a free economy?10. What is the greatest argument about public schools in Britain?11. Why are day-care centers in large demand in the U.S.?12. Many Americans are religious without concerning themselves doctrine. Use what you have learned to illustrate this point.13. What is the major difference in religious observance between Americans on the one hand, and the English and the Swedish on the other? How do you account for the difference?14. Why are there so many free choices in religion for Americans? Why is there no fierce religious struggle in the US as it often happens in Europe?15. Briefly explain “mobility”as one of the American national characteristics.16. What is the “American Dream”?17. What are the differences between “a bowl of salad”and “a melting pot”as metaphors of the American society?18. Give some examples of Quality Newspapers (at least 4) and Popular Newspapers (at least 5) in Britain.19. What are the three distinct types of magazines that evolved in the civil war period?20. Please list some differences between Tabloid readers and Quality paper readers?21. American people in the pre-industrial and post-industrial eras have placed different focuses on work. Please briefly illustrate them.22. Generally speaking, how do British people see “work”and “leisure”?23. What is the fundamental cause of poverty in affluent America?24. What does poverty mean in the United States?IV. Writing1. Due Attention Should Be Given To the Study of Chinesea. 近年来在学生中出现了忽视中文的现象出现这种现象的原因和后果b.c. 为了改变这种状况，我认为……2. Pros and Cons of Celebrating Western Holidays in China3. In recent years, a growing number of food safety scandals have been exposed to the public in China. Cases include steamed buns that had been dyed with unidentified chemicals (dyeing steamed buns染色馒头), the use of “lean meat powder”（瘦肉精）and poor quality recycled cooking oil known as “gutter oil”（地沟油）, etc. In your opinion, what measures should the government take to deal with the food safety problems in China?4. Pros and Cons of Buying a House5. Pros and Cons of University Ranking6. How To Improve Student's Mental Health?a. 大学生的心理健康十分重要b. 因此，学校可以……c. 我们自己应当……7. Write a passage on the comparative analysis of the American and the Chinese national character.8. The Function of Mass Media9. Why Are There So Many Rural Laborers in Big Cities?近年来越来越多的民工涌入大城市a.b. 产生这一社会现象的原因c. 我对这一现象的看法10. Write a paper in which you argue for or against the comments below.Statistics show that newly licensed teenage boys cause a higher number of serious automobile accidents than any other group. It is evident that many young men are too reckless and impulsive to be good drivers. In order to protect the larger society, the age at which a boy can earn his license should be raised to eighteen.。
(完整word版)《英美社会与文化》复习题汇总 (2)
期末复习题目汇总（答案不提供）I. Fill in the blanks.(History)1. Most people who came to the British colonies in the 1600s were ____English_________. Others came from The Netherlands, Sweden, Germany, France, Scotland, and Northern Ireland. By 1690, 250,000 people lived in the ______New World________. By 1790, there were2.5 million people.2. The first settlements were along the Atlantic coast and on rivers that flowed into the ocean. In the Northeast, trees covered the hills and stones filled the soil, but water power was available. The Northeast was called New England, and it included Massachusetts,________Connecticut_______, and _______Rhode Island______________. The economy was based on timber, fishing, shipbuilding, and trade.3. The ideas of __liberalism____________ and ________democracy_____ are the basis of the U.S. political system. As the colonists built their new society, they believed more strongly in these ideas. Britain’s 13 colonies grew in population and economic strength during the 1700s. Although ruled by a distant government, the colonists governed many local affairs.4. The American Revolution and the war for independence from Britain began with a small fight between British troops and colonists on April 19, _1775______. The British troops left __Boston________, Massachusetts, planning to take weapons and ammunition from revolutionary colonists. At ______Lexington_______, they met armed colonists who were called ______Minutemen_________ because they could be ready to fight in a minute.(holiday)5. Va lentine’s Day originated in the ____Roman_____ Era.6. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. made the famous ___I have a dream, the Nobel Peace Prize_______ speech in 1963.7. Easter is an important ___religious and social_________ festival in Christian countries.8. President Woodrow Wilson, in 1914, made the official announcement proclaiming____Mother’s Day____ as a national holiday that was to be held each year on the 2nd Sunday of May.9. __Independence Day________ is the National Day of US which is observed on July 4.10. Columbus Day celebrates ___the discovery in America_______ by Christopher Columbus on October 12, 1492.11. On__Halloween__, American children dress up in funny or scary costumes and go trick or treating by knocking on doors in their neighborhood.12. Thanksgiving Day is a federal holiday celebrated on the fourth Thursday in____November__.13. Earth Day is designed to promote _ecology__________.14. Thanksgiving celebrates the first harvest feast between the Indians and the___Pilgrims_ during t he settlers’ first year in America.(politics)15. The Congress in the United States is composed of the Houseof Representatives and the Senate; the Parliament in Britain is composed of the monarch, the House of Lords and the House of Commons .16. The Three branches of the American federal government are the legislative branch , the executive branch , and the judicial branch .17. In the United Kingdom, the Prime Minister is head of government; in the United States, the President is the head of government.18. The House of Lords in the United Kingdom consists of two very different types of members, the Lords Temporal and the Lords Spiritual . (economy)19. Two of the basic powers that government can wield in a tax foreclosure are taxation and eminent ___domain_______.20. Once the property becomes _delinquent__________, the homeowner begins to receive letters from the lender requesting payment for the mortgage.21. __Real estate owned_________ properties that revert back to the lender because of foreclosure (or deeds in lieu of foreclosure) are normally called REOs, or real estate owned properties.22. The sub-prime crisis, which has its roots in the closing years of the 20th century, became apparent in 2007 and has exposed pervasive weakness in financial industry____financial industry regulation______ and the global financial system.23. In recent months, we have taken steps to shore up the housing sector -- including measures to help struggling homeowners avoid ___foreclosure______ and keep their homes.24. Union contracts set both a wage floor and a wage ceiling. __Union contracts______ employers may not give productive workers pay raises outside those envisioned in the collectively bargained contract.25. The government should end the _interventions_______ it has made since 2008, starting with abolition of the TARP program. It then should abolish Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae and repeal all U.S. government regulatory measures that interfere with mortgage markets.26. Factor differences between Britain and U.S. resulted in Britain benefiting from its highly skilled _workforce_______, two thirds of which were employed with companies staffed with less than 250 workers.27. Unlike Britain, the U.S. had a national, homogeneous market in which large corporations profited from economies of scale and mass production.28. The 1976 agreement with the monetary fund was not only seen as a national embarrassment, it remained a symbol of a country that, under various Labor governments, effectively lost control of the economy to militant trade unions, resulting in spiraling debt and rampant work stoppages that brought down Britain.(education)29. In the United States, if some of the students want to go to school during July or August, they could enroll in ____summer__ sessions.30. Two oldest universities in Britain are _Cambridge_____ and ____Oxford__.31. The most famous public school in Britain is called _Eton (college) _____.32. In the U.S., except kindergarten, there are two other classroom situations to which little children are introduced. They are _nursery school_____ and __day-care center____.33. __American football______ is the college sport that often stirs up the most national interest in the United States.34. There are three forms of monetary assistance that college students receive. They are: ___loans___, ___scholarships___, and ___part-time jobs___.(religion)35. Freedom of religious belief or non-belief is provided in __the Bill of Rights______ in the Constitution.36. In the US, religious instruction in public schools is ___against the Constitution_____ according to a ruling by the Supreme Court.37. The two Protestant denominations, __Baptists______ and _Methodists_______ are by now regarded as wholly American.38. In the US, the largest single religious group is that of ___Roman Catholics_____. The largest Protestant group is _____Baptists___. Next to that Protestant sect is__Methodists______. A very small and select Protestant group is _Quakers_______.39. The first Catholic president is ___John F·Kennedy_____.40. In England, four-fifths of the people except the Catholics go to church. Yet____half____ of American Protestants are active church members.(national characters)41. Immigrants flooding into the United States in the 17th, 18th and much of the 19th centuries were mainly from ______northern____ and ____western Europe________.42. People who came to the New World prior to the founding of the United States are called “_early immigrants___”, while those who arrived in America before 1880 are referred to as “_old immigrants_”.43. ___Black__ people constitute the largest ethnic-racial minority group in the US today.44. That “All men are created equal” is from the document _the Declaration of Independence___.45. The cultural diversity in the US finds its best expression in the well-known term____melting pot_________.46. The British national characteristic of ____Irish national identity___________ finds its expression in the fact that many British people still prefer to have a fireplace in their living room, and still adhere to the Monarchy.(mass media)47. British National Broadcasters can be divided into two types: 1) Public Broadcasting, such as the famous _BBC_____, which was founded in 1922; and 2) Private Broadcasting, such as __ITV____, __Channel 4____, and __Channel 5____.48. British public broadcasting should serve the purpose of _entertaining_____,__informing____ and __educating____ the nation.49. The most striking characteristics of magazine development in the U.S. during the twentieth century was a trend toward ___specialization___, ___changing lifestyle___ and __shifting economic conditions____ in the decades following World War I influenced magazine development.(leisure and entertainment)50. In early America, leisure was values with_ suspicion_______ and __little value___.51. The American puritans’ extreme emphasis placed on work and the detestation of idleness were supported by _Puritan theology_____, which gave moral sanction to economic necessity.52. Contemporary Americans believe that leisure should be more than a___restorative________ for work; it should be viewed as an __important________ part of modern life and be regarded as a ___worthwhile_____ end or goal in and of itself.53. In Great Britain, Pubs usually have two separate rooms: the ___public___ bar and the ____lounge_____bar.(social problems)54. __Poverty_______ reemerged as a social program in the 1960s and was perceived as a condition that represented a glaring gap between American ___ideals_______ and___reality_______.55. Drug abuse is a social problem because it has a wide range of social costs. It is closely related with ____crime_____, __automobile__ accidents. It has serious effects on individuals ____physically_____ and ____mentally______, and the____economic_______ losses caused by drug abuse are great.56. British conservative known to the world, but British teenage __pregnancy__ rate unexpectedly is highest in the world.II. True or false statements.1. Thomas Paine, a radical political thinker, argued for independence and against hereditary monarchy in his pamphlet Common Sense.2. Thomas Jefferson was the main writer of the Declaration of Independence.3. The British soldiers were also called Roundheads.4. Thomas Jefferson was the commander-in-chief of the colonial army.5. The Declaration of Independence, adopted July 4, 1777, announced the birth of a new nation.6. Earth Day was first celebrated in 1970 in Britain.7. Many people now refer Washington's Birthday as "Presidents' Day" and consider it a day honoring all American presidents.8. The first presidential proclamation honoring fathers was issued in 1966 by President John F. Kennedy.9. Labor Day is a United States federal holiday observed on May 1st.10. Boxing Day actually has nothing to do with boxing.11. Both Britain and America have a written constitution. In Britain, there is no Bill of Rights to guarantee the individual rights of every citizen, while in America there is one.12. The General Election in Britain takes place every four to five years, while the presidential election in America takes place every four years.13. In the United States, both the president and the senators can serve at most 8-year terms.14. The Supreme Court is the highest court in the United States. It consists of nine Justices: the Chief Justice and eight Associate Justices. The Justices are nominated by the President and confirmed with the consent of the Senate.15. In the United Kingdom, implementation of the Minister's decisions is carried out by a permanent politically neutral organization known as the civil service. The independence and professional of the British civil service is a fundamental feature of the British political system.16. According to Josh Rosner, co-author of Reckless Engagement, there was a symbiotic relationship between Wall Street and the GSEs and Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac were the largest buyers of sub-prime securities the Wall Street was bundling, packaging and selling themselves.17. An abundance of cheap credit makes borrowing money easy for banks and causes them to go crazy with leverage.18. U.S. corporate tax rate, currently the second highest in the developed world, must be hiked to restore U.S. competitiveness.19. Although Britain’s domestic market was smaller, consumer demands were much less heterogeneous than in the U.S. due to cultural factors and wage inequality.20. As the lesson of Britain’s crisis in 1976 demonstrates, good intentions are not enough to offset a loss of international investor confidence.21. About half of income of British universities is provided by the State.22. The “eleven plus” is the exam taken by children in their last year at primary school.23. An American college student should maintain a low C average in order to remain in school.24. In order to attend college, a high school student in the U.S. must pass the college entrance examination.25. Since World War II, one of the most dramatic developments in U.S. higher education has been the ever-rising cost.26. Religion in America has been identified with an oppressive or dominant social class or set of political institutions.27. There are more than a hundred other Protest sects, many of them hardly known to anyone except their own members, but with a combined membership of more than twenty million. They express variety, rather than doctrinal shism.28. The largest single religious group is that of Roman Catholics, More than one-quarter of all Americans are now of the Roman Catholic faith, and the majority of these are descendants of immigrants from Germany and Scandinavia.29. It is probably safe to say that the Orthodox Church members are more outside the main stream of American social and religious life, or less assimilated, than members of other religious bodies.30. It is still considered unlikely that a Jew could be elected as President of the United States, because of the strong built-in prejudices of the Protest majority.31. Black people constitute the largest ethnic racial minority group in the U.S. today.32. The frontier experience shaped, to a large extent, the American National character.33. Phrases like “from rags to riches” clearly demonstrate the American belief in the myth of American Dream.34. The sentence “an Englishman’s home is his castle” suggests that conservatism is a part of the British national character.35. The British geographic separation from the European continent helped shape the British sense of aloofness from strangers.36. In Britain, the greater part of most people’s leisure time is spent in the home.37. As for British people, the working class considers the home as a private place while the middle class regards it as a social zone.38. People who play Bingo consider themselves to be gamblers.39. Many Americans prefer leisure activities that require a high level of physical exertion.40. As for American people, the effects of pre-industrial Puritanism are still rather profound in the contemporary society.41. New figures show the number of children and teenagers taken to hospital after drinking alcohol has gone up by nearly a third.42. Within the field of criminology, white-collar crime has been defined as “a crime committed by a person of respectability and high social status in the course of his occupation.”43. Poverty in the United States does not simply mean that the poor do not live quite as well as other citizens. Poverty can also mean low self-esteem, despair, and stunting of human potential.44. Britain has the lowest divorce rate and smallest proportion of lone parents in Europe.45. A survey reported by OECD says that the health of British teenagers ranks the last one among all the OECD member countries, because of smoking, drinking and teenager pregnancy.III. Short-answer questions.1. What do you know about the Declaration of Independence?2. What are the distinctive features of middle colonies of the 13 colonies?3. What are the distinctive features of the Southern colonies of the 13 colonies?4. Can you briefly introduce the traditions of Thanksgiving Day?5. What does Easter celebrate and how do people celebrate it?6. Can you list four basic principles that the American Constitution of 1789 is built on?7. What are the two dominant political parties in the United States and the three dominant political parties in the United Kingdom?8. What are the causes of the sub-prime (mortgage) crisis in the U.S.?9. What solutions are needed to restore the U.S. to a free economy?10. What is the greatest argument about public schools in Britain?11. Why are day-care centers in large demand in the U.S.?12. Many Americans are religious without concerning themselves doctrine. Use what you have learned to illustrate this point.13. What is the major difference in religious observance between Americans on the one hand, and the English and the Swedish on the other? How do you account for the difference?14. Why are there so many free choices in religion for Americans? Why is there no fierce religious struggle in the US as it often happens in Europe?15. Briefly explain “mobility” as one of the American national characteristics.16. What is the “American Dream”?17. What are the differ ences between “a bowl of salad” and “a melting pot” as metaphors of the American society?18. Give some examples of Quality Newspapers (at least 4) and Popular Newspapers (at least 5) in Britain.19. What are the three distinct types of magazines that evolved in the civil war period?20. Please list some differences between Tabloid readers and Quality paper readers?21. American people in the pre-industrial and post-industrial eras have placed different focuses on work. Please briefly illustrate them.22. G enerally speaking, how do British people see “work” and “leisure”?23. What is the fundamental cause of poverty in affluent America?24. What does poverty mean in the United States?IV. Writing1. Due Attention Should Be Given To the Study of Chinesea. 近年来在学生中出现了忽视中文的现象b. 出现这种现象的原因和后果c. 为了改变这种状况，我认为……2. Pros and Cons of Celebrating Western Holidays in China3. In recent years, a growing number of food safety scandals have been exposed to the public in China. Cases include steamed buns that had been dyed with unidentified chemicals (dyeing steamed buns染色馒头), the use of “lean meat powder” （瘦肉精）and poor quality recycled cooking oil known as “gutter oil”（地沟油）, etc. In your opinion, what measures should the government take to deal with the food safety problems in China?4. Pros and Cons of Buying a House5. Pros and Cons of University Ranking6. How To Improve Student's Mental Health?a. 大学生的心理健康十分重要b. 因此，学校可以……c. 我们自己应当……7. Write a passage on the comparative analysis of the American and the Chinese national character.8. The Function of Mass Media9. Why Are There So Many Rural Laborers in Big Cities?a. 近年来越来越多的民工涌入大城市b. 产生这一社会现象的原因c. 我对这一现象的看法10. Write a paper in which you argue for or against the comments below.Statistics show that newly licensed teenage boys cause a higher number of serious automobile accidents than any other group. It is evident that many young men are too reckless and impulsive to be good drivers. In order to protect the larger society, the age at which a boy can earn his license should be raised to eighteen.。
英美社会与文化期末复习题
一、In what way did Puritanism influence American culture?(1)The puritans hoped to build “a city upon hill’- an ideal community. Since thattime, Americans have viewed their country as a great experiment, a worthy model for other nation. This sense of mission has been very strong in the minds of many Americans.(2)New England also established another American tradition- a strain of oftenintolerant moralism. The puritans believed that governments should enforce god’s morality. They strictly punished drunks, adulterers, violation of Sabbath and other religions believers different from themselves.(3)The puritans also have left rich cultural heritage to future Americans. TheAmerican values such as individualism, hard work, and respect of education owe very much to the puritan belief.(4)Thanksgiving has become one of the National holidays, which comes fromwhite-Indian cooperation in New England.二、What are some of the major powers of each of the three branches of the US government? How are the three branches supposed to check and balance each other?If Congress proposes a law that the president thinks is unwise, the president can veto it. That means the proposal does not become law. Congress can enact the law despite the president's views only if two-thirds of the members of both houses vote in favor of it.If Congress passes a law which is then challenged in the courts as unconstitutional, the Supreme Court has the power to declare the law unconstitutional and therefore no longer in effect.The president has the power to make treaties with other nations and to make all appointments to federal positions, including the position of Supreme Court justice. The Senate, however, must approve all treaties and confirm all appointments before they become official. In this way the Congress can prevent the president from making unwise appointments三、What is the Bill of Rights? Do you think that it was necessary to write the Bill of Rights explicitly into the US Constitution?The Bill of Rights: the first 10 amendments, collectively known as the Bill of Rights, were added within two years of the adoption of the U.S. Constitution. These amendments remain intact today, as they were written two centuries ago. The first guarantees freedom of worship, speech and press, the right of peaceful assembly, and the right to petition the government to correct wrongs. The Bill of Rights and subsequent constitutional amendments guarantee the American people the fullest possible opportunity to enjoy fundamental human rights.四、What is the current economic situation in America? How did the Great Recession begin? What does it show?五、What is the relationship between government and religion in America?(1)In the first place, according to the First Amendment to the Constitution, theUSA would have no state-supported religion.What’s more, the government has no right to meddle in religious affairs or require any religious beliefs of its citizens. And government does not pay ministers’ salaries or require any belief as a condition of holding public office.(2)On the other hand, in some ways, the government supports all religions.Religious groups do not pay taxes in the United States. The armed forces pay chaplains of all faiths. Presidents and other political leaders often call on god to bless the American nation and people. Those whose religion forbids them to fight can perform other services instead of becoming soldiers.(3)When disputes about the relationship between government and religion arise,American courts must settle them.(4)In the early years, some people believe that Protestant religion andrepublican forms of government were connected, because God supports their experiment in republican government.All in all, for some purposes government ignores religion and for other purposes it treats al religion alike, as long as it is practical.六、How did American education system begin to develop?七、What are the legacies of the social movements of the 1960s? What are their effects, positive and negative, upon contemporary US society?八、“British history has been a history of invasion.” Please illustrate this point with the examples from the text. How did each of the invasions influence English culture?九、Why does the author say that parliament is supreme in the British state? What functions does parliament have? What role does the Queen (king) and the Prime Minister play in British government?十、What are the three big parties in the UK? What are some of the similarities and dissimilarities between the three parties?。
英美国家社会文化 期末题目及要求 2014
南昌大学2014～2015学年第一学期期末考试试卷（概况）姓名：学号：学院：Choose to answer two of the following questions in English based on what you have learned from the course with about 150 words for each question.（Back side can be used）1. How did Britain fall from the Sun rising country to a second developed country in the world?(E.g. when, why, how, who… )2. My understanding of American “Melting Pot”(e.g. its origin, features, significance…) and “Salad Bowl”.3. Compare briefly the impacts of the World War 1 and World War 2 on the UK and the USA.说明：选择三个中的两题，英文作答，可以正反面纸张写，页面四边留出1.5厘米左右空隙。
1.请用A4 大小的纸张，以免试卷丢失。
2. 不能抄袭他人的，雷同卷会给零分。
3. 所选做的题目要抄题号和题目再作答。
4. 需要英文手抄的，不要打印。
以上中文要求不要抄在卷子上。
2 My understanding of American “Melting Pot”(e.g. its origin, features, significance…) and “Salad Bowl”.The melting pot is a metaphor used to describe the fusion of different nationlities,ethnicities and cultures,which was equated with Americanization. Maybe it was the idealized process of immigration and colonization.The United States population is a “melting pot”for it is made up of people from many ethnic and cultural backgrounds.However melting pot means in a way immigrants from around the world in the United States no longer has its own traditions and cultural identity, they are mixed up to one kind culture-- American culture,which like different metals smelting together to form a new composite metal. It seems that melting pot is a little bit out of fashion . Throughout the United States different immigrant cultures remain everywhere, many have retained their original traditions and even not fit into mainstream American society and culture.There is no typical American. Originating from a multitude of ethnic backgrounds, Americans come in all shapes, sizes, colors, and ages. They practise a rainbow of religions and have a variety of political beliefs.The populations are growing more diverse all the time. This broad mix of races and heritages makes a wonderful blend of energy, talent, and creativity. For good reason, the country's motto is E pluribus unum: From many to one.now SALAD BOWL is generally used to describe American culture.In the salad bowl model,various American cultures are juxtaposed,just like salad ingredients.Immigrant populations within the United States are not being blended together in one "pot", but rather they are transforming American Society into a truly multicultural mosaic.This idea proposes a society of many individual cultures in addition to the mixed culture that is modern American culture ,and the term has become more politically correct than melting pot英国曾经是叱咤风云的大国，是第一个工业化国家，引领了世界工业革命的浪潮，其辉煌达两个世纪之久。
《英美社会与文化》期末考试
《英美社会与文化（1）》期末考试
一、考察内容
能力测试+课本文化知识+课外阅读材料（课本出题的章节和范围包括：英美历史、政治、经济、教育、娱乐（包括传媒、节日）。
二、考试题型
1. Reading Comprehension阅读4篇，20个题目，每题1.5分，共30分。
前2篇，为大家发的资料里面的阅读材料。
每篇5个问题。
形式为：判断对错，或者排序，或者选择（考试题目出题教师可以自行编写）。
后2篇，课外水平测试，难度为雅思或托福或考研阅读。
四选一。
2. Cloze（课外，6级以上难度）
完形填空1篇，20个题目，每个0.5分，共10分。
3. 文化知识填空（根据课本课后题改编），共10分。
10个题目（每个题目含有1或2个问题，但不超过2个，问题如果是2个（每个0.5分）。
（比如，美国的两大主要政党________and________.），每题1分。
4. 判断对错（课本课后题）20个题目，每个0.5分，共10分。
5. 选择（课本课后题）20个题，每个0.5分，共10分。
6. 简答（课本课后题） 5个题，每个4分，共20分。
7. 写作（雅思大作文或托福作文）1个，共10分。
1。
（完整word版）《英美社会与文化》试题库
（完整word版）《英美社会与文化》试题库《英语国家社会与文化》复习资料第一部分课程考核说明1、考核目的通过考试，了解学生对本课程的基本内容、重点和难点的掌握程度，以及运用本课程的基本知识、基本方法和基本理论分析和解决实际问题的能力。
同时还考察学生在平时的学习中是否注意了理解和记忆相结合，理解和运用相结合。
2、考核方式：闭卷考试。
3、适用范围、教材和参考资料本试题库适用范围为英语本科专业。
试题命题的参照教材为An Outline Introduction to Britain and America(来安方等编著)，参考资料包括Survey of Britain and America(张奎武主编)、Understanding the US and the UK(许鲁之编著)、English-speaking Countries: A Survey(余志远主编)。
4、命题依据本试题库依据是《英美社会与文化》课程的教学大纲、教材。
5、考试要求主要考核学生对课程基本知识及概念、基本理论和基本技能的理解和应用能力。
在能力层次上，从识记、领会和应用三个角度来要求。
识记是要求学生掌握本课程的基本知识和相关概念；领会是要求学生在掌握基本理论、基本方法的基础上，能融会贯通；应用是要求学生能综合运用所学的内容，对课程中的有关问题进行讨论，作出自己的评价。
6、试题类型及结构试题类型及分数比重大致为：单项选择题（20%）+简答题（20%）+概念题（30%）+论述题（30%）。
第二部分基本概念Explain the following terms in English1. the Thames River2. Alfred the Great3. Open University4. the Glorious Revolution5. the British Commonwealth.6. the Black Death.7. Constitutional Monarchy. 8. the welfare state.9. the Magna Carta 10. the Wars of Roses11. the National Healthy Service 12. Public school13. Keynesianism 14. grammar school15. National Eisteddfod 16. the Jury System17. Bloody Mary 18. the People's Charter of 183819. Agribusiness 20. the Open Structure21. the dissenters 22. New Scotland Yard23. Sto nehenge 24. Hadrian’s Wall25. the open-field farming system 26. Heptarchy27. the Witan 28. Vikings29. the Danelaw 30. crusades31. Joan of Arc 32. the Lollards33. Enclosures 34. Star Chamber35. Renaissance 36. humanists37. the Divine Right of Kings 38. The Gunpowder Plot of 160539. the Grand Remonstrance 40. The Commonwealth41. Diggers 42. Levelers43. farmer George基本知识Ⅰ、Read the following unfinished statement on question carefully. For each unfinished statement on question foursuggested answers marked A, B, C and D are given. Chose the one which you think best completes the statement or answers the questions1. There are three natural Zones in Scotland. Which is the exception?A) Highlands in the north B) the Central LowlandsC) the Easters Uplands D) the Southern Uplands2. River is the most important river in ScotlandA)Tweed B)Tyne C)Thames D)Clyde3. The British Empire gradually disappeared and it was replaced by the British Commonwealth in _______A) 1931 B)1991 C)1923 D)19304. The first known settlers of Britain wereA) the Iberians B) the Celts C) the Beaker Folk D) the Romans5. , the great Roman general, invaded Britain for the first time in 55 BC.A) Emperor Claudius B)Julius Caesar C) Alfred D) William6. At the time of the Norman Conquest, Anglo-Saxon English was headed byA) Tostig B)Godwin C) Eudemon D) Harold7. For nearly years, Britain was under the Roman occupation.A) 300 B) 400 C) 500 D) 6008. When the Hundred Years War ended in 1453, was the only part of France that was still in the hands of English.A) Flanders B) Slugs C) Calais D) Potion9 was the founder of Angevin(or Plantagenet) Dynasty.A) HenryⅠB) HenryⅡC) King John D) Edward Ⅵ10. CharlesⅠcalled his third parliament in 1628, at this parliament he was forced to accept the Petition of Right, regarded as the SecondA) Magna Carta B) Bill of Rights C) Long ParliamentD)Provisions of Oxford11. is generally regarded as the beginning of modem world history.A) The Puritan Revolution B) The RenaissanceC) The Great Charter D) The English Reformation12. The restoration of the House of Stuart happened in the year The monarch who restored wasA)1660, Charles II B)1685, James II C)1660, James IID)1685,Charles II13. is the best known of the "metaphysical poets".A)Edmund Spenser B) Philip Sidney C) John Done D) Ben Jonson14. The Tories were the forerunners of the which still bears the nickname today.A) the Liberty Party B)the Labor PartyC) the Conservative Party D)the Communist Party15. The English Industrial Revolution in the late 18th century started with the __ industry.A) coal-mining B) textile C) shipbuilding D)iron and steal16. By Britain had built up a big empire "on which the sun never set".A)1839 B)1799 C) 1900 D)190517. The Labor Party had its origins in __, which was formed in 1893 and led by Kin Hardin.A) the Labor Representation Committee B) the Independent Labor PartyC) the Conservative Party D) the Trades Union Congress18. is often referred to as the "Silicon Glen" in Britain.A) The area between London and South Wales B) Liverpooland Merseyside RegionC) The area between Glasgow and Edinburgh D) The Cambridge areas of East Anglia19. The main textile producing region of Britain are the following exceptA) Yorkshire B) Northern Ireland C) West Midlands D) Humberside20. An outstanding feature of British economic recovery in the 1803 was its .A) inflation B) length C) unemployment D) privatization21. Natural gas was discovered in 1965 and oil in 1970 underA) the Atlantic Ocean B) the North SeaC) the English Channel D) the Pacific Ocean22. The monarchy is the oldest institution of government, going back to at leastA) the 9th century B) the 8th century C) 1649 D) 168923. The main functions of Parliament are following exceptA) to pass laws B) to debate the major issues of the dayC) to advise the Sovereign to approve certain government decreesD) to examine government policy and administration24. The beginning of the Second Civil War in England was the yearA) 1645 B) 1646 C) 1647 D) 164825.The House of Commons is elected by universal adult suffrage and consists of members of Parliament.A) 524 B) 651 C) 336 D) 61026. are the two major political parties in Britain today.A) The Labor Party and the Conservation PartyB) The Conservation Party and the Liberal PartyC) The Liberal Party and the RepublicansD) The Liberal Party and the Labor Party27. Appeals in criminal cases in English and Wales can be heard by the following courts exceptA) the Court of Appeal B) the Magistrate CourtC) the Crown Court D) the High Court28. The High Court has 3 divisions, which is the exceptA) Family Division B) Commercial DivisionC) Chancery Division D) Queen's Bench Division29. London's Metropolitan Police Force is directly under the control ofA) the Lord Chancellor B) the Home SecretaryC) the Prime Minister D) the Ministry of Defence30. is the ultimate court of appeal in civil cases of U. K.A) The House of Commons B) The Court of ApealC) The High Court D) The House of Lords31. of the following is not the non-contributory Social Security benefits.A) War pensions B) Maternity allowance and widow's benefitC) Child benefit D) Family credit32. The religions leader of the Church of England isA) Archbishop of Canterbury B) Archbishop of York C) Lord chancellor D) Queen33. Education is compulsory for all between the ages of and __ in Great Britain except in Northern Ireland.A) 5, 18 B) 4, 18 C) 5, 16 D) 4, 1634. National newspapers are popularly divided into 3 groups, is the exception.A) quality papers B) popular papers C) Sunday papers D) mid-market papers.35. The State-run BBC is financed from theA) commercial B) the sale of TV set C) the public funding D) the sale of TV licenses36. is the most popular sport in England as well as in Europe.A) Football B) Cricket C) Horse racing D) Snooker37. Under the old Selective System, English children who have marks in the "eleven plus"examination go on toA) grammar schools B) public school C) technical schools D) secondary modern schools38. The Puritans were originally an extreme sect.A) Catholic B) Jewish C) Orthodox D) Protestant39. Christianity was introduced into Britain byA) the Anglo-Saxons B) the Celts C) the Romans D) the Norman-French40. About percent of the state secondary school population in Great Britain attend comprehensive schools.A) 60 B) 70 C) 80 D) 9041. is the official name of the United Kingdom.A) Great Britain B) The Britain Isles C) EnglandD) The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland42. There are three political divisions on the island of Great Britain, is the exception.A) England B) Wales C) Northern Ireland D) Scotland43. Britain is surrounded by the sea which lies in the north Atlantic Ocean off ofEurope.A) the south coast B) the west coast C) the east coast D) the north coast44. The commonest English name "Smith" comes from thename "Schmidt".A) German B) France C) Spain D) Gaelic45. brought the new religion, Christianity to Britain.A) The Anglo-Saxons B) The Romans C) The Normans D) The Celts46. When the Northumbrians submitted to the King Egbert and took him for their master in 829actually became an overlord of all the English.A) Offa B) Egbert C) Kent D) William47. Which of the following is Not true about the Anglo-Saxons?A) They divided the country into countiesB) They divided the narrow-trip 3-field farming systemC) They established the manorial systemD) They laid the foundation of the English State48. The Canterbury Tales, which describes a group of traveling into Canterbury to visitThomas Backer's tomb.A) Protestants B) Catholics C) Pilgrims D) Puritans49. The Hundred Year's War is given to the intermittent war between and that lasted from 1337 to 1453.A) France … England B) the U. S … BritainC) Germany … England D) French … Germany50. By 1453 was the only part of France that was still in the hands of the English.A) Slugs B) Flanders C) Poiton D) Calais51. The name Wars of the Roses was coined by the great 19th century novelistA) Sir Walter Scott B) Ben JonsonC) Edmund Spenser D) Christopher Marlowe52. Three of the following were characteristic of the Elizabethan age. Which is the exception? __A) Protestantism gradually became the dominant faith.B) Queen Elizabeth advocated the Divine Right and quarreled with Parliament.C) This was the age of the adventure on the sea.D) This was the age of literature when Shakespeare lived and when English literature blossomed.53. The Renaissance began in in the early 14th century.A) Britain B) Greece C) Italy D) France54. The English Renaissance was largelyA) political B) economical C) social D) literary55. greatly influenced the early works of Shakespeare.A) Marlowe B) John Donne C) Roger Ascham D) Francis Bacon56. The most famous of the Catholic conspiracies was the Gunpowder plot of .A) 1742 B) 1605 C) 1615 D) 161157. was condemned to death and executed on a scaffold outside the windows of the Banqueting House at Whitehall on January 30, 1649.A) James I B) Charles I C) James VI D) Charles VI58. is generally regarded as the beginning of modem world history.A) The English Civil War B) The RenaissanceC) The English Reformation D) The Wars of Roses59. In the Parliament Act was passed, severely limiting the power of the lords andestablishing the Commons as the Supreme legislative body.A) 1910 B) 1911 C) 1912 D) 191360. There are mainly fanning types in Britain. And most are reared in factoryfanning.A) 5, sheep B) 6, sheep C) 5, chickens D) 6, chickens61. British motor industry is now dominated by four firms which is the exception?A) Ford B) Peugeot C) the Rover group D) Volkswagen62. Britain is the largest trading nation in the world.A) fifth B) first C) third D) fourth63. A General Election takes place at least years and MPs are elected.A) 3, 650 B) 4, 651 C) 5, 651 D) 6, 65064. The Britain Parliament consists of three parts exceptA) the Sovereign B) the CabinetC) the House of Lords D) the House of Commons65. Succession to the throne is founded on the in Britain.A) hereditary principle B) Common Law C) Statute Law D) Conventions66. The U. K is a state.A) republic B) federal C) unitary D) none of above67. The National Health Service was established in the U. K inA) 1928 B) 1938 C) 1948 D) 195868. Nearly a of government expenditure is devoted to the social security prograrm.A) 1/2 B) l/3 C)1/4 D) l/569. Except that may not be a Roman Catholic, public offices are open without distinctionto member of all churches or of none.A) the Lord Chancellor B) the Prime Minister C) the HomeSecretary D) the Attorney General70. is not the Christian festival.A) Christmas B) Good Friday C) Easter D) Whit Sunday71. Unestablished churches in Britain includeA) the Anglican churches B) the Free churchesC) the Roman Catholic church D) all of the above72. Which of the following belongs to the popular papers?A) The Times B) The Guardian C) The Daily Telegraph D) The Daily Express73. The Chartist Movement was the first nation-wide __ and drew attention to serious problems.A) farmers' movement. B) trader's movementC) literature campaign D) working class movement.74. was the first king to bring all Ireland under English control.A) Henry II B) James VI C) Henry D) James I75. is the chief Christian festival.A) Easter B) Christmas C) New Year's Day D) Guy Fawkes Day76. The Queen is the centre of much ofA) the nation's ceremonial B) the ancient traditionC) the leader of society D) all of the above77. The Thatcher government adopted an economic programme known as" "A) Keynesianism B) MonetarismC) Medium-term Financial Strategy D) Long-term Financial Strategy78. The Norman Conquest refers to the Conquest of England by the Normans under in .A) William of Orange/1660 B) William of Normandy/1066C) William the Conqueror/1660 D) William III/106679. In England and Wales __ recommends the High Court andcircuit judges.A) the Secretary of State. B) the Home Secretary.C) the Attorney General. D) the Lord Chancellor.80. Which of the following is a tragedy written by Shakespeare?A) Twelfth Night B) Othello. C) The Tempest D) Richard II81. is a mountain chain know as the "Backbone of Northern England''.A) The Pennies B) Ben Nevis C) Scafell D) None of above82. The largest lake in Britain is Longh Neagh, it is located inA) England B) Scotland C) Northern Ireland D) Wales83. part of Britain has the most rainfall.A) The northwestern B) The southeastern C) The western D) The eastern84. The most important historical monument left to us by the ancient Iberians was .A) mound B) Stonehenge C) stronghold D) the Hadrian's Wall85. The successful Roman invasion of Britain happened in A.D.A) 25 B) 35 C) 45 D) 4386. Beginning from the mid-5th century, the three most powerful tribes came to Britainexcept .A) Angles B) Saxons C) Celts D) Jutes87. William I replaced the Witan, the council of the Anglo-Saxons Kings, withA) the Grand Council B) the Great CouncilC) the Private Council D) the Privy Council88. The Canterbury Tales was written byA) Geoffrey B) T. S. Eliot C) Sir Thomas Wyatt D) Sir ThomasMore89. English Parliament began to come into being in the century.A) 11th B) 12th C) 13th D) 14th90. The end of the Wars of the Roses in 1485 marked the beginning of the Dynasty.A) Plantagenet B) Tudor C) Angevin D) none of above91. The Act of union in the year 1707 united andA) England, Wales B) Wales, ScotlandC) England, Scotland D) Scotland , Northern Ireland92. The most famous of the Catholic Conspiracies against King was the Gunpowder Plotin .A) James I, 1603 B) Charles I, 1603 C) Charles I, 1605 D) James I, 160593. The protestant Reformation in England was led by King .A) Henry VIII B) Henry VII C) Edward VI D) Henry II94. was the first country of the world in which the Industrial Revolution took place.A) France B) Britain C) Germany D) the U. S. A.95. The Chartist Movement ended in the yearA) 1830 B) 1848 C) 1832 D) 185196. In Britain only __ of the population are farmers but they manage of the land area.A) 3%, 70% B) 4%, 72% C) 5%, 68% D) 6%, 74%97. There are farming types in Britain.A) 4 B) 5 C) 6 D) 898. The Britain Constitution is made up of three laws exceptA) Statute law B) Land law C) Common law D) Conventions99. The Constitutional monarchy has been established inBritain sinceA) the Glorious Revolution of 1688 B) the Christ MovementC) the Wars of the Roses D) the Hundred Years War100. The real source of power in Parliament isA) the House of Lords B) the House of CommonsC) the Cabinet D) the King of QueenII. Give an one-sentence answer to each of the following questions.1. Who is the ancestor of the English?2. When did England begin to be Christianized?3. What was signed by King John in 1215?4. What marked the beginning of the Tudor Dynasty?5. What is the Lloyd's?6. What does the Cabinet consist of?7. What is the jury's job?8. What festival is the greatest in Britain?9. Which sport is regarded as typically English?10. Who established completely the feudal system in England?11. What is the largest lake in Britain?12. Who created the Witan, the basis of the Privy council?13. When was the Great Charter signed by King John?14. Where were oil and natural gas found in Britain?15. What are the two major Parties in Britain?16. When did the constitutional monarchy begin in Britain?17. Which types of criminal Procedure has in Scotland?18. What is the largest single employer of labor in U. K?19. At what age do men and women generally retire?21. What is the longest river in Britain?22. What is the highest mountain in Britain?23. What were the first known settlers of Britain?24. What were the Vikings?25. What was the transitional Period between the Middle Ages and Modern times?26. What was the Puritanism?27. What were the two events which most alarmed the Britain ruling classes in the closing decades of the 18th century?28. What were the three period of the evolution of the British economy since the WWⅡ?29. What is the main function of the House of Lords?30. What agency is the most important news agency in Britain?31. What are three political divisions on the island of Great Britain?32. What is the official name of the U. K.?33. When did the peasant uprising happen in the U. K?34. What is the English Civil War also called?35. Which two groups were the Chartists divided into?36. What was Keynesianism?37. Who are the members of the House of Lords?38. What are the common features of all systems of law in Britain?39. What is the most important established church in Britain?40. Where is the home of golf?41. Which part of Britain is always fighting?42. What type of climate does Britain has?43. Who was the first Christian Emperor?44. Whose grave became a place of Pilgrimage in and beyond Chaucer's time after he wasmurdered?45. What did James I and his son Charles I both believed firmly in?46. Where are the main textile producing regions in Britain?47. How is the BBC radio financed?48. What is the most famous art festival in Britain?49. What are the Christian festivals in Britain?50. What is the Character of the Scots?51. What are the principal non-Christian communities in Britain?52. Who was the first Archbishop of Canterbury?53. When was Parliament born in England?54. Who was the first Prince of Wales in English history?55. What were the Hundred Year’s War?56. Who was the greatest humanists in English history?57. Who wrote the classical work "Utopia“?58. Who was the first prime minister in English history?59. When was the cabinet system of government created?60. Who is the first female prime minister in English history?基本技能Questions for discussion：1. What do you know about the Roman invasion of Britain?2. How was the British Empire established in the 19th Century?3. What measures did the Thatcher government take to improve the nation's economy?4. What are the Periods of the evolution of British economy since the Second World War?5. What made the Beatles so different from other pop groups?6. Why and how did the Reformation happen in England?7. What do you know about the nature and consequences of the Wars of the Roses?8. What do you know about State Schools and public schools in the United Kingdom?9. How does a general election take place in Britain?10. What are the consequences of the Norman Conquest?11. What do you know about HenryⅡ?12. What are the main contents of Magna Carta?13. What do you know about Henry VII?14. How did Elizabeth I deal with the religious problem when she became Queen of England?15. What are the Historic Significance of the Bourgeois Revolution?Keys:基本知识Ⅱ.1. The Anglo-Saxons is the ancestor of the English.2. England began to be Christianized in the year of 597.3. The Great Charter was signed by King John in 1215.4. The end of the War of Roses in 1485 marked the beginning of the Tudor Dynasty.5. The Lloyd's refers to a famous insurance company in Britain.6. The cabinet consists of usually 20 most senior ministers.7. In criminal eases, the jury decides the issues of guilt or innocence.8. Christmas Day is the greatest Christian festival.9. Cricket is the most typically English sport.10. William established completely the feudal system in England.11. The Laugh Neagh is the largest lake in Britain.12.The Anglo-Saxons created the Witan.13. The Great Charter was signed by King John in 1215.14. Oil and natural gas are found under the North Sea in Britain .15. The Labor Party and the Conservative Party are the two major parties in Britain.16. The Constitutional monarchy began in 1689 when King William and Queen Mary accepted the Bill of Rights.17. There are Solemn Procedure and Summary Procedure in Scotland.18. The National Health Service is the largest single employer of labor in U.K.19. Generally , men retire at the age of 65 and women at the age of 60.20. Cricket is regarded as typically in English.21. The Severn River is the longest river in Britain.22. Ben Nevis is the highest mountain of Britain.23. The Iberians is the first known Settlers of Britain.24. The Vikings were the ancient people living in North Europe.25. Renaissance was the transitional period between the Middle age and modern age26. The Puritinism noted for simple dress, high moral standards and very egalitarian attitudes27. The two events were the American War of Independence and French Revolution.28. The three periods were：(1)Steady development in the 50s and 60s. (2)Economic recession in the 70s. (3)Economic recovery in the 80s.29. The main function of the House of Lords is to bring wide experience of its member into the process of law-making.30. Reuters is the most important news agency in Britain.31. The three political divisions on the island of Great Britain are England, Scotland and Wales.32. The official name of the U.K. is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.33. The peasant uprising happened in 138134. The English Civil War is also called the Puritan Revolution.35. The Chartists was divided into the Moral Force Chartists and the physical Force Chartists36. Keynesianism was John M. Keynes(John Maynard Keynes) economic theory.37. The House of Lords is made up of the Lords spiritual and the Lords Temporal38. One is that there is no complete code and other is the distinction made between criminal law and civil law.39. The church of England and the church of Scotland are the most important established church in Britain.40. Scotland is the home of golf.41. Northern Ireland is always fighting.42. Britain has a maritime Climate.43. Constantine was the first Christian Emperor.44. Thomas Becket's grave became a place of Pilgrimage in and beyond Chaucer' s time after he was murdered45. James I and his son Charles I both believed firmly in the Divine Right of Kings.46. They are the East Midlands, Yorkshire, and Humberside and Northern Ireland.47. The BBC radio broadcast is funded totally by the government.48. The most famous art festival in Britain is the EdinburghInternational Festival of Music andDrama.49. They are Christmas, Easter and Whit Sunday.50. The Character of the Scots is hospitable and generous.51. The principal non-Christian communities in Britain are the Jews, the Moslems and the Buddhists.52. St. Augustine was the first Archbishop of Canterbury53. Parliament was born in 1265.54. Edward II55. It refers to the war between England and France which lasted from 1337 to 1453.56. Sir Thomas More (1478-1535)57. "Utopia“ was written by Thomas More.58. Walpole was usually considered as the first prime minister in English history.59. During GeorgeⅠ’s reign.60. Margaret Thatcher。
英美社会与文化试题参考答案
are the general features of Britain`s independent schools？An independent school in the United Kingdom is a school relying upon private sources for all of its funding, predominantly in the form of school fees. In England and Wales the term public school is often used to refer to what is normally called in other countries a "private" school, a term which originally referred to those schools named in the Public Schools Act 1868. These schools themselves tend to prefer the term "independent school".is the United States regarded as a "melting pot" and a "salad"？The melting pot is a metaphor for a heterogeneous society becoming more homogeneous, the different elements "melting together" into a harmonious whole with a common culture. It is particularly used to describe the assimilation of immigrants to the United States; the melting-together metaphor was in use by the 1780s.After 1970 the desirability of assimilation and the melting pot model was challenged by proponents of multiculturalism, who assert that cultural differences within society are valuable and should be preserved, proposing the alternative metaphor of the salad bowl – different cultures mix, but remain distinct.did America change its policy and enter world war two?Because the Great Depression lead a worldwide warfare crisis . But in the face of the Warfare crisis，the thinking of isolationism and anthropocentrism filled the society of America,most of American pay no attention on the war of other countries. It was until March of 1941 when the warfare fo west Europe is become incandescent the Capitol Hill adopt the Act of Lease. This marked US was no longer neutral state but a member of Allies. Than the Pearl Harbor incident finally made the United States enter The World War II on the side of the Allies.were Nixon's well-known contributions during his presidency?Nixon is noted for his diplomatic foreign policy, especially with the Soviet Union and China, and his efforts to end the Vietnam War. He is also noted for his middle-of-the-road domestic policy that combined conservative rhetoric and, in many cases, liberal action, as in his environmental policy.As president, Nixon imposed wage and price controls, indexed Social Security for inflation, and created Supplemental Security Income. The number of pages added to the Federal Register each year doubled under Nixon. He advocated gun control, reduced speed limits, and eradicated the last remnants of the gold standard. Nixon created the Environmental Protection Agency and Occupational Safety and Health Administration and implemented the Philadelphia Plan, the first significant federal affirmative action program.was the cause of the American civil war?1. Economic and social differences between the North and the South.2. States versus federal rights3. The fight between Slave and Non-Slave State Proponents.4. Growth of the Abolition Movement.5. The election of Abraham Lincoln.are the two characteristics of the construction?the Statue of Liberty The Capitolare the qualifications for a senator and a representative respectively? Senator:1) each senator must be at least 30 years old, 2) must have been a citizen of the United States for at least the past nine years, and 3) must be (at the time of the election) an inhabitant of the state he or she seeks to represent.Each representative must: (1) be at least twenty-five years old; (2) have been a citizen of the United States for the past seven years; and (3) be (at the time of the election) an inhabitant of the state they represent.are the Major powers of the supreme court?The Supreme Court of the United States is the highest judicial body in the United States, and leads the federal judiciary. It consists of the Chief Justice of the United States and eight Associate Justices, who are nominated by the President and confirmed with the "advice and consent" of the Senate. Justices serve "during good Behaviour," which terminates at death, resignation, retirement, or conviction on impeachment. The Court meets in Washington, . in the United States Supreme Court building. The Supreme Court is primarily an appellate court, but has original jurisdiction in a small number of cases.does an American university choose its applicants?It will through some aspects：transcript，academic performance，extra-curricular achievements，personnel，inherence，artistic skillsare the origins of thanksgiving day?Thanksgiving, or Thanksgiving Day, is a traditional North American holiday, which is a form of harvest festival. The date and whereabouts of the first Thanksgiving celebration is a topic of modest contention, though the earliest attested Thanksgiving celebration was on September 8, 1565 in what is now Saint Augustine, Florida. Despite any scholarly research to the contrary, however, the traditional "first Thanksgiving" presented by Chief Massasoit is venerated as having occurred at the site of Plymouth Plantation, in 1621.is the essence of American puritanism?1，puritanism is a strict religious doctrine.2, puritanism also has practical aspects. Puritans have to work hard, and prepare for the obstacles they will meet in their life.American puritanism contains origional sin, predestination,total depravity，limited atonement of God's graceis the lost generation?The Lost Generation is a term used to refer to a collective group of artists and writers who settled in Europe in the wake of the First World War. Members of the Lost Generation lived in Europe in the 1920s and early 1930s, and they had a profound impact on society and the arts. This generation is referred to as “lost” not because it has faded from memory, but because the individuals in the Lost Generation often expressed a sense of emotional confusion, feeling lost in their own society.are the characteristics of American writing during the romantic period? reaction against logic and reason; antiscientific in its bent; faith in something inherently good and transcendent in the human spirit in no need of salvation, but rather in need of awakening..."In this romantic period, writers put more emphasis on moral enthusiasm, and their masterpieces were full of passion, emotion, fancy and imagination. They also had a faith in the value of individualism and intuitive perception, they displayed personalities, express feelings and ideas, emphasize men’s rights for freed om and happiness.For their part human nature is of good will. Men can learn the world through their own ability, conscience and intuition. The romantic showed a deep admiration and love for nature. They praised America’s landscape of its primitive forest s, meadows, vast plains, seas and blue oceans. The beauty and perfection of nature could enable them to have unutterable joy and exuberance. And nature was regarded as a source of goodness while man’s societies a source of corruption. Writers like Freneau, Cooper and Bryant took a great interest in external nature in their respective works. the background for the American civil rights movement.The Civil Rights Movement in the United States has been a long, primarily nonviolent struggle to bring full civil rights and equality under the law to primarily African American citizens of United States. There have been many movements on behalf of other groups in the . over time, but the term is often used to refer to the struggles between 1955 and 1968 to end discrimination against African-Americans and to end racial segregation, especially in the . South. See African American for information on how various terms have been used at that time period for African Americans.comments on women's liberation movement.The changes women worked for included changes in economic practices, such as not only asking equal work, but also equal opportunity for jobs in fields such as science and technology, management and politics.They wanted changes in social practices and attitudes which would acknowledge that women were not inferior to men in intelligence or abilityLegal segregation ended in the South as a result of the civil rights women's movement continues to gain more rights and opportunities for women.The social movements of the 1960s had a strong effect on the way people think and caused changes in many laws.is the lvy league?name at least 4 of its members.The Ivy League is an athletic conference comprising eight private institutions of higher education in the Northeastern United States. The term is most commonly used to refer to those eight schools considered as a group. The term also has connotations of academic excellence, selectivity in admissions, and a reputation for social elitism.Brown UniversityHarvard UniversityYale UniversityColumbia University。
英语专业英美文学试卷及答案期末
英语专业英美文学试卷及答案期末英美文学试卷 AI. Mark the following statements as true (T) or false (F). (10 x 1’=10’)1. ( ) Chaucer is the first English short-story teller and the founder of Englishpoetry as well as the founder of English realism. His masterpiece TheCanterbury tales contains 26 stories.2. ( ) English Renaissance is an age of essay and drama.3. ( ) The rise of the modern novel is closely related to the rise of the middleclass and an urban life.4. ( ) The French Revolution and the American War of Independence were two biginfluences that brought about the English Romantic Movement.5. ( ) Charlotte’s novels are all about lonely and neglected young women witha fierce longing for life and love. Her novels are more or less based on herown experience and feelings and the life as she sees around.6. ( ) The leading figures of the naturalism at the turn of 19th century are ThomasHardy, John Galsworthy and Bernard Shaw.7. ( ) Emily Dic kinson is remembered as the “All American Writer”.8. ( )The Civil War divides the American literature into romantic literature andrealist literature.9. ( ) Mark Twain is the first American writer to discover an American languageand American consciousness.10. ( ) In the decade of the 1910s, American literature achieved a new diversityand reached its greatest heights.II. Fill in the blanks. (20 x 1’=20’)11. The most enduring shaping influence in American thought and American literature was ___________.12. The War of Independence lasted eight years till__________.13. Ralph Waldo Emerson's essay__________ has been regarded as "America's Declaration of Intellectual Independence".?? It called on American writers to write about America in a way peculiarly American.14. The American ___________ writers paid a great interest in the realities of life and described the integrity of human c haracter reacting under various circumstances and pictured the pioneers of the Far West, the new immigrants and the struggles ofthe working class. The leading figures were ____________, ____________, ____________, ____________, etc.15. No period in American history is more eventful than that between the two worldwars. The literary features of the time can be seen in the writings of those ________ writers as Ezra Pound, and the writers of the Lost Generation as ___________.16. Two features of English Renaissance are the curiosity for ___________ and theinterest in the activities of _____________________.17. Sha kespeare’s earliest great success in tragedy is ____________, a play of youth and love, with the famous balcony scene.18. There are three types of poets in 17th century English literature. They are Puritan poets, ___________ poets and ______________ poets.19. Pope’s An Essay on Criticism is a didactic poem w ritten in ___________________.20. ___________ has been regarded by some as “Father of the English Novel” for his contribution to the establishment of the form of the modern novel.21. “Beauty is truth, truth beauty” is an epigrammatic line by _______________.22. Lawrence’s most controversial novel is ___________, the best probably_________.III. Multiple choice. (20 x 1’=20’)23. Among the three major works by John Milton ________ is indeed the only generally acknowledged epic in English literature since Beowulf.A. Paradise RegainedB. Samson AgonistesC. LycidasD. Paradise Lost24. Francis Bacon’s essays are famous for their brevity, compactness and __________.A. complicityB. complexityC. powerfulnessD. mildness25. As one of the greatest masters of English prose, _______ defined a good styleas “proper words in proper places”.A. Henry FieldingB. Jonathan SwiftC. Samuel JohnsonD. Alexander Pope26. The Pilgrim’s Progress by John Bunyan is often said to be concerned with thesearch for _________.A. material wealthB. spiritual salvationC. universal truthD. self-fulfillment27. “It is a truth universally acknowledged that a single man in possession of agood fortune must be in want of a wife.” The quoted part is taken from _________.A. Jane EyreB. Wuthering HeightsC. Pride and PrejudiceD. Sense and Sensibility28. Which of the following poems is a landmark in English poetry?A. Lyrical Ballads by William Wordsworth and Samuel Taylor ColeridgeB. “I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud” by William WordsworthC. “Remorse” by Samuel Taylor ColeridgeD. Leaves of Grass by Walt Whitman29. The most distinguishing feature of Charles Dickens’works is his _________.A. simple vocabularyB. bitter and sharp criticismC. character-portrayalD. pictures of happiness30. “My Last Duchess”is a poem t hat best exemplifies Robert Browning’s ________.A. sensitive ear for the sounds of the English languageB. excellent choice of wordsC. mastering of the metrical devicesD. use of the dramatic monologue31. ________ is the most outstanding stream of consciousness novelist, with ______as his encyclopedia-like masterpiece.A James Joyce, UlyssesB. . Foster, A Passage to IndiaC. D. H. Lawrence, Sons and loversD. Virginia Woolf, Mrs. Dalloway32. Which of the following comments on Charles Dickens is wrong?A. Dickens is one of the greatest critical realist writers of the Modern PeriodB. His serious intention is to expose and criticize all the poverty, injustice,hypocrisy and corruptness he sees all around him.C. The later works show the development of Dickens towards a highly conscious artistof the modern type.D. A Tale of Two Cities is one of his late works.33. _____w as known as “the poets’ poet”．A. William ShakespeareB. Edmund SpenserC. John DonneD. John Milton34. Which of the following poet belongs to the active Romantic poet?A. KeatsB. SoutheyC. WordsworthD. Coleridge35. ______ is regarded today as the national epic of the Anglo-Saxons.A. BeowulfB. The Canterbury TalesC. Don JuanD. Paradise Lost36. ___________ is the first modern American novel.A. Tom SawyerB. Huckleberry FinnC. The Sketch BookD. The Leatherstocking Tales37. Which of the following statements is NOT true of American Transcendentalism?A. It can be clearly defined as a part of American Romantic literary movement.B. It can be defined philosophically as “the recognition in man of the capacityof knowing truth intuitively”.C. Ralph Waldo Emerson was the chief advocate of this spiritual movement.D. It sprang from South America in the late l9th century.38. The theme of Washington Irving’s Rip Van Winkle is _________.A. the conflict of human psycheB. the fight against racial discriminationC. the familial conflictD. the nostalgia for the unrecoverable past39. The Nobel Prize Committee highly praised ________ for “his powerful style-forming mastery of the art” of creating modern diction.A. Ezra PoundB. Ernest HemingwayC. Robert FrostD. Theodore Dreiser40. Who exerts the single most important influence on literary naturalism?A. EmersonB. Jack LondonC. Theodore DreiserD. Darwin41. ________ is NOT true in describing American naturalists.A. they were deeply influenced by DarwinismB. they were identified with French novelist and theorist Emile ZolaC. they chose their subjects for the lower ranks or societyD. they used more serious and more sympathetic tone in writing than realists42. Henry James’ｓfame generally rests upon his novels and stories with ________.A. international themeB. national themeC. European themeD. regional themeIV. Explain the following literary items.(4x 5’=20’)43.Spenserian Stanza/doc/4614326257.html,ke Poets45.Humanism46.BalladV. Questions. (3x 10’=30’)47. “Robinson Crusoe”is usually considered as Daniel Defoe’s masterpiece. Discuss why it became so successful when it was published?48. What is "Byronic hero"?49. Mark Twain and Henry James are two representatives of the realistic writers inAmerican literat ure. How is Twain ’s realism different form James ’s realism? 参考答案：I. Mark the following statements as true (T) or false (F).(本题共10空，每空1分，共10分) 1-5: FFTTT 6-10: FFTTFII. Fill in the blanks.(本题共20小题，每题1分，共20分) 11.(American) Puritanism 12.1783 13.The American Scholar 14.realistic; Mark Twain; Henry James; Jack London; Theodore Dreiser. 15.Imagist; Hemingway. 16.the classical literature; humanity. 17.Romeo and Juliet 18.Cavalier; Metaphysical 19.heroic couplet 20.Henry Fielding 21.John Keats /doc/4614326257.html,dy Chatterley ’ｓ lover ; The RainbowIII. Multiple choice.（本题共20小题，每题1分，共20分) IV. Explain the following literary items. （本题4小题,每小题5分,共20分）43. Spenserian Stanza: it refers to a verse form created by Edmund Spenser for his poems. Each stanza has nine lines. Each of the first eight lines is in iambicpentameter, and the ninth line is an iambic hexameter line. The rhythm scheme is题号23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 答案 D C B B C A C D A A B A A B D D B D D Aababbcbcc44. Lake Poets: it refers to those English romantic poets at the beginning of the19th century, William Wordsworth, for example, who lived in the heart of the LakeDistrict in the north-western part of England and enjoyed the experience of livingclose to nature, and these poets were the older generation of Romantic poets whohad been deeply influenced by the French Revolution of 1789 and its effects. In their writings, they described the beautiful scenes and the country people of the area.45. Humanism refers to the literary culture in the Renaissance.Humanists emphasize the capacities of the human mind and the achievements of human culture. Humanismbecame t he central theme of English Renaissance. Thomas More and William Shakespeare are the best representatives of the English humanists.46. Ballad: a story told in songs, usually in 4-line stanzas, with the second andfourth rhymed.V. Questions.（本题3小题,每小题10分,共30分）47.A: Robinson Crusoe is supposedly based on the real adventure of an Alexander Selkirk who once stayed alone on the uninhabited island for five year4s. Actually, the story is an imagination.B: In Robinson Crusoe, Defoe traces the growth of Robinson from a na?ve and artless youth into a shrewd and hardened man, tempered by numerous trials in his eventfullife.C. In the novel, Robinson is a real hero and he is an embodiment of the risingmiddle-class virtues in the mid-eighteenth century England. Robinson is a trueempire-builder, a colonizer and a foreign trader, who has the courage and will toface hardships and who has determination to preserve himself and improve his livelihood by struggling against nature.D. Robinson Crusoe is an adventure story very much i n the spirit of the time. Because of the above reasons, when it was published, people all liked that story, and itbecame an immediate success.48. Byronic hero is a proud, mysterious rebel figure of noble origin. With immensesuperiority in his passions and powers, this Byronic hero would carry on his shoulders the burden of righting all the wrongs in a corrupt society, and would rise single-handedly against any kind of tyrannical rules wither in government, in religion, or in moral principles with unconquerable wills and inexhaustible energies. The conflict is usually one of rebellious individuals against outworn social systems and conventions. Such a hero appeared in many o f his works, for example, "Don Juan". The figure is somewhat modeled on the life and personality of Byron himself, andmakes Byron famous both at home and abroad.49.A. Mark Twain’s realism is tainted with local color, preferring to have his wonregion and people at the forefront of his stories.B. James’s realism is concerned with the “inner world”of man and the international theme.C. Twain’s language is simple and colloquial and he employs humor in his writing.D. James’s language is elaborate and refined with lengthy psychological analyses.。
英美社会与文化试题参考答案
are the general features of Britain`s independent schools？An independent school in the United Kingdom is a school relying upon private sources for all of its funding, predominantly in the form of school fees. In England and Wales the term public school is often used to refer to what is normally called in other countries a "private" school, a term which originally referred to those schools named in the Public Schools Act 1868. These schools themselves tend to prefer the term "independent school".is the United States regarded as a "melting pot" and a "salad"？The melting pot is a metaphor for a heterogeneous society becoming more homogeneous, the different elements "melting together" into a harmonious whole with a common culture. It is particularly used to describe the assimilation of immigrants to the United States; the melting-together metaphor was in use by the 1780s.After 1970 the desirability of assimilation and the melting pot model was challenged by proponents of multiculturalism, who assert that cultural differences within society are valuable and should be preserved, proposing the alternative metaphor of the salad bowl – different cultures mix, but remain distinct.did America change its policy and enter world war two?Because the Great Depression lead a worldwide warfare crisis . But in the face of the Warfare crisis，the thinking of isolationism and anthropocentrism filled the society of America,most of American pay no attention on the war of other countries. It was until March of 1941 when the warfare fo west Europe is become incandescent the Capitol Hill adopt the Act of Lease. This marked US was no longer neutral state but a member of Allies. Than the Pearl Harbor incident finally made the United States enter The World War II on the side of the Allies.were Nixon's well-known contributions during his presidency?Nixon is noted for his diplomatic foreign policy, especially with the Soviet Union and China, and his efforts to end the Vietnam War. He is also noted for his middle-of-the-road domestic policy that combined conservative rhetoric and, in many cases, liberal action, as in his environmental policy.As president, Nixon imposed wage and price controls, indexed Social Security for inflation, and created Supplemental Security Income. The number of pages added to the Federal Register each year doubled under Nixon. He advocated gun control, reduced speed limits, and eradicated the last remnants of the gold standard. Nixon created the Environmental Protection Agency and Occupational Safety and Health Administration and implemented the Philadelphia Plan, the first significant federal affirmative action program.was the cause of the American civil war?1. Economic and social differences between the North and the South.2. States versus federal rights3. The fight between Slave and Non-Slave State Proponents.4. Growth of the Abolition Movement.5. The election of Abraham Lincoln.are the two characteristics of the construction?the Statue of Liberty The Capitolare the qualifications for a senator and a representative respectively? Senator:1) each senator must be at least 30 years old, 2) must have been a citizen of the United States for at least the past nine years, and 3) must be (at the time of the election) an inhabitant of the state he or she seeks to represent.Each representative must: (1) be at least twenty-five years old; (2) have been a citizen of the United States for the past seven years; and (3) be (at the time of the election) an inhabitant of the state they represent.are the Major powers of the supreme court?The Supreme Court of the United States is the highest judicial body in the United States, and leads the federal judiciary. It consists of the Chief Justice of the United States and eight Associate Justices, who are nominated by the President and confirmed with the "advice and consent" of the Senate. Justices serve "during good Behaviour," which terminates at death, resignation, retirement, or conviction on impeachment. The Court meets in Washington, . in the United States Supreme Court building. The Supreme Court is primarily an appellate court, but has original jurisdiction in a small number of cases.does an American university choose its applicants?It will through some aspects：transcript，academic performance，extra-curricular achievements，personnel，inherence，artistic skillsare the origins of thanksgiving day?Thanksgiving, or Thanksgiving Day, is a traditional North American holiday, which is a form of harvest festival. The date and whereabouts of the first Thanksgiving celebration is a topic of modest contention, though the earliest attested Thanksgiving celebration was on September 8, 1565 in what is now Saint Augustine, Florida. Despite any scholarly research to the contrary, however, the traditional "first Thanksgiving" presented by Chief Massasoit is venerated as having occurred at the site of Plymouth Plantation, in 1621.is the essence of American puritanism?1，puritanism is a strict religious doctrine.2, puritanism also has practical aspects. Puritans have to work hard, and prepare for the obstacles they will meet in their life.American puritanism contains origional sin, predestination,total depravity，limited atonement of God's graceis the lost generation?The Lost Generation is a term used to refer to a collective group of artists and writers who settled in Europe in the wake of the First World War. Members of the Lost Generation lived in Europe in the 1920s and early 1930s, and they had a profound impact on society and the arts. This generation is referred to as “lost” not because it has faded from memory, but because the individuals in the Lost Generation often expressed a sense of emotional confusion, feeling lost in their own society.are the characteristics of American writing during the romantic period? reaction against logic and reason; antiscientific in its bent; faith in something inherently good and transcendent in the human spirit in no need of salvation, but rather in need of awakening..."In this romantic period, writers put more emphasis on moral enthusiasm, and their masterpieces were full of passion, emotion, fancy and imagination. They also had a faith in the value of individualism and intuitive perception, they displayed personalities, express feelings and ideas, emphasize men’s rights for freed om and happiness.For their part human nature is of good will. Men can learn the world through their own ability, conscience and intuition. The romantic showed a deep admiration and love for nature. They praised America’s landscape of its primitive forest s, meadows, vast plains, seas and blue oceans. The beauty and perfection of nature could enable them to have unutterable joy and exuberance. And nature was regarded as a source of goodness while man’s societies a source of corruption. Writers like Freneau, Cooper and Bryant took a great interest in external nature in their respective works. the background for the American civil rights movement.The Civil Rights Movement in the United States has been a long, primarily nonviolent struggle to bring full civil rights and equality under the law to primarily African American citizens of United States. There have been many movements on behalf of other groups in the . over time, but the term is often used to refer to the struggles between 1955 and 1968 to end discrimination against African-Americans and to end racial segregation, especially in the . South. See African American for information on how various terms have been used at that time period for African Americans.comments on women's liberation movement.The changes women worked for included changes in economic practices, such as not only asking equal work, but also equal opportunity for jobs in fields such as science and technology, management and politics.They wanted changes in social practices and attitudes which would acknowledge that women were not inferior to men in intelligence or abilityLegal segregation ended in the South as a result of the civil rights women's movement continues to gain more rights and opportunities for women.The social movements of the 1960s had a strong effect on the way people think and caused changes in many laws.is the lvy league?name at least 4 of its members.The Ivy League is an athletic conference comprising eight private institutions of higher education in the Northeastern United States. The term is most commonly used to refer to those eight schools considered as a group. The term also has connotations of academic excellence, selectivity in admissions, and a reputation for social elitism.Brown UniversityHarvard UniversityYale UniversityColumbia University。