高中语法讲解(三)定语从句

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高一英语重点语法英语笔记--定语从句

高一英语重点语法英语笔记--定语从句

高一英语重点语法英语笔记--定语从句高一英语重点语法英语笔记--定语从句定语从句是高中英语第一大语法内容,必需清楚把握。

接下来我为大家整理了高一英语学习的内容,一起来看看吧!高一英语重点语法--定语从句01定语从句基本概念在复合句中,修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。

引导定语从句的词叫关系词。

被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。

定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。

02定语从句的关系词引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词。

常见的关系代词包括that, which, who(宾格whom,全部格whose),as 等。

关系副词包括where, when, why等。

关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用,同时又作定语从句的重要成分。

03定语从句的分类依据定语从句与先行词的关系,定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。

1. 限制性定语从句紧跟先行词,主句与从句不用逗号分开,从句不行省去。

例如:Any man that / who has a sense of duty wont do such a thing.任何有责任感的人都不会做这样的事。

2. 非限制性定语从句主句与从句之间有逗号分开,起补充说明作用,如省去,意思仍完整。

例如:The house,which we bought last month,is very nice.这幢房子很美丽,是我们上个月买的.留意:非限定性定语从句中不能使用关系代词 that。

04关系代词的用法1. thatthat既可以用于指人,也可以用于指物。

在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语,作宾语可省略。

例如:Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle.玛丽喜爱轻柔的音乐。

(that作主语)The coat (that) I put on the desk is blue.我放在桌子上的那件外套是蓝色的。

(that作宾语)2. whichwhich 用于指物,在句中作主语、宾语或表语,作宾语可省略。

定语从句语法讲解

定语从句语法讲解

定语从句语法讲解定语从句语法讲解“定语从句(也称关系从句、形容词性从句),是指一类由关系词(英语:relative word)引导的从句,因为这类从句的句法功能多是做定语,所以曾被称为定语从句,下面店铺为大家带来的定语从句语法讲解!一、知识点梳理充当定语修饰名词或代词的从句称为定语从句。

被定语从句修饰的名词或代词称为先行词。

定语从句一般紧跟在先行词之后,由一定的连接词引导,连接词称为关系代词(which,that,as,whom,who,whose)或关系副词(when,where,why)1、限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句起对先行词进行限定、区分的作用。

若去掉易产生歧义或使主句意义不明确。

(此类定语从句前后没有逗号)【eg】The dress that my mother bought for me is very beautiful. 我妈妈给我买的裙子很漂亮。

⑵非限定性定语从句与先行词之间的关系比较松散,只对先行词起说明和描述的作用。

若省去,剩余部分意义仍然完整,表达清楚。

(此类定语从句前后用逗号隔开)【eg】Your writings , which everyone admires , are verymarvelous.你的作品人人欣赏,实在是太了不起了。

Shakespeare , whose plays are popular , was a greatwriter.莎士比亚是个伟大的作家,他的剧作很受欢迎。

⑶某些情况下,一个定语从句既可以作限定性定语从句,又可以作为非限定性定语从句,但二者含义有差别。

【eg】There are ten cars here which are made in China.这里有十辆中国制造的车。

(这里可能还有其他的车) There are ten cars here , which are made in China. 这里有十辆车,它们都是中国制造的。

定语从句语法讲解

定语从句语法讲解

定语从句语法解析
哎呀,说起这个定语从句,咱们得细细道来,免得整得一头雾水。

你想啊,它就像是个“贴身保镖”,专门给名词或者代词整点“背景资料”,让它们看起来更“有料”。

首先,咱们得明白这定语从句的“三件套”:先行词、关系词、从句部分。

先行词嘛,就是你要“保卫”的那个名词或代词;关系词呢,就像个“桥梁”,把先行词和从句连起来,常用的有“那个”、“啥子”之类的;从句部分,就是具体说明先行词的那些话了。

再来说说分类,它分两类:限制性和非限制性。

限制性定语从句没得它,句子就不完整,就像少了盐的川菜,没味儿;非限制性呢,就像是菜里的葱花,有它更好,没它也成。

关系词里头,who、whom、whose、that、which这些个,各有各的用处。

比如,说人的时候,who和whom就派上用场了;说物呢,which和that就得出来“耍”了。

注意哈,有些时候只能用that,不能用which,比如先行词是“啥子都”、“全部”这些个词的时候。

还有啊,这定语从句里头还有省略的小技巧。

要是关系词在从句里头作宾语,那就可以直接省略了,整得句子更简洁。

最后,咱们得记住,这定语从句是个好东西,用好了能让你的句子更生动、更有层次感。

就像咱们四川话一样,虽然直白,但里头也是讲究得很,多听多说,自然就通了。

定语从句讲解(完整版)

定语从句讲解(完整版)

定语从句讲解(完整版)定语从句是一种常见的语法结构,用于对名词或代词进行修饰和限定。

在英语中,定语从句的使用可以使句子更加丰富和准确。

下面,我将为您详细讲解定语从句的构成、用法和注意事项。

一、定语从句的构成定语从句由引导词、关系词和从句组成。

引导词通常是先行词,即被修饰的名词或代词;关系词用于引导定语从句,并将先行词与从句连接起来;从句则是对先行词进行修饰和限定的部分。

1. 引导词:先行词通常是名词或代词,它可以是主语、宾语或表语。

例如:The book that you gave me is very interesting.(你给我的那本书很有趣。

)The man who is talking to the teacher is my father.(正在和老师交谈的那个人是我的父亲。

)2. 关系词:关系词用于引导定语从句,并将先行词与从句连接起来。

关系词有who、which、that、whom、whose等。

例如: The book that you gave me is very interesting.(你给我的那本书很有趣。

)The man who is talking to the teacher is my father.(正在和老师交谈的那个人是我的父亲。

)3. 从句:从句是对先行词进行修饰和限定的部分。

从句中通常包含主语、谓语和宾语等成分。

例如:那本书很有趣。

)The man who is talking to the teacher is my father.(正在和老师交谈的那个人是我的父亲。

)二、定语从句的用法1. 限定性定语从句:限定性定语从句对先行词起到限定作用,即只有满足定语从句条件的名词或代词才是先行词的准确含义。

限定性定语从句通常紧跟在先行词之后,且不能用逗号与主句隔开。

例如: The book that you gave me is very interesting.(你给我的那本书很有趣。

英语语法讲解之定语从句

英语语法讲解之定语从句

英语语法讲解之定语从句一、几个基本概念1.定义:用作定语的从句叫定语从句。

2.先行词:被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。

3.位置:紧跟先行词(名词或代词)之后。

4.引导词:引导定语从句的词(包括关系代词和关系副词)。

﹙1﹚关系代词:that/who/which/whom/whose﹙2﹚关系副词:when/where/why﹙3﹚引导词的位置:位于定语从句之前(先行词之后)。

﹙4﹚引导词的功能(作用):①连接先行词和定语从句。

②在定语从句中充当一定的成分(关系代词充当主语或宾语,关系副词充当状语)。

5.定语从句的类型:﹙1﹚限定性定语从句(主句和定语从句之间无逗号)。

①直接由引导词引导定语从句Eg.The man who you’re talking to is my friend.②由介词+关系代词(whom/which)引导Eg.The man to whom you’re talking is my friend.=I need a pen with which I can write a letter.=I need a piece of paper on which I can write a letter.=介词的选用可根据从句中的相关词组确定,该介词通常可以放在关系代词之前,也可放在相关动词之后。

例如:The man (who/whom/that) I talked about at the meeting is from Beijing University.=The man about whom I talked at the meeting is from Beijing University.The palace (which/that) I often pay a visit to was built in the 17th century.=The palace to which I often pay a visit was built in the 17th century.※﹙2﹚非限定性定语从句(主句和定语从句之间用逗号隔开)。

高中定语从句超详细讲解+例句

高中定语从句超详细讲解+例句

!"#$%Attributive ClauseI. !"#$%&⼀、定义在复合句中,⽤以修饰名词或代词(充当定语)的从句,被称为定语从句。

例如:(1)English is a useful language.(其中形容词useful作定语修饰名词language)English is a language which helps people to communicate effectively with others.(其中“which … others”为定语从句,修饰language)(2)He told me something important.(其中形容词important作定语修饰不定代词something)He told me something that I would never forget.(其中“that … forget”为定语从句修饰不定代词something)在定语从句中,被修饰的名词或代词被称为先⾏词;引导定语从句的词被称为关系词。

重点1.如果没有先⾏词(即被修饰的名词或代词),定语从句也就不存在了。

2.定语从句的关系词都必须在从句中充当⼀定的成分。

⼆、分类定语从句可分为限定性定语从句和⾮限定性定语从句。

1. 限定性定语从句:与主句关系紧密,往往直接跟在先⾏词之后,起到限定的作⽤;2. ⾮限定性定语从句:以逗号“,”隔开主句,主从句的关系相对松散,从句往往只是对先⾏词的补充说明,对主句的意思影响不⼤。

**⼀些⾮限定性定语从句的关系词可以指代主句整句句⼦。

例如:(1) The watch I bought in Switzerland works quite well. 我在瑞⼠买的那块表⾛得不错。

(2) He gave me a vase, which strikes my fancy. 他送了我⼀只花瓶,我很中意。

(3) My father’s old watch gains a bit, as is often the case. 我爸的表快了点,这是常有的事。

定语从句语法讲解

定语从句语法讲解

五:

As
引导的定语从句
当先行词被such, as, so, the same 修饰时, 定语从句用 修饰时, 当先行词被 关系代词as来引导 关系代词 来引导. 来引导 This is the same book as/that I read yesterday. I don’t like such people as they talked about just know . That’s the same man that asked for help the day before yesterday. I have never read so interesting a book as you talked about.
Write articles for the newspaper
2. 根据从句中动词或形容词的习惯搭配 e.g. Can you explain to me how to use these idioms about which I’m sure.
Be sure about the idioms
3. 根据先行词与介词的搭配习惯 e.g. 1949 was the year in which the P.R.C. was founded.
Which baby is Jack? Jack
Jack
穿蓝裤子的baby是Jack。 The baby_______ trousers are blue is Jack. whose The baby the trousers _____ ______ is blue of whom is Jack.
练习: 练习:用适当的关系代词填空
who 1. One ____ has nothing to fear dares to tell the truth. who 2. The ones ____ laugh at the disabled are not good students. who 3. Anyone ____ fails to finish the task should be punished. 4. Thosewho want to go to The Great Wall sign up here. ____ that 6. Who is the young man_______ is wearing a red shirt? which 7. This is the hotel in _______ we stayed last year. which/ 8. The house is that _________ we lived in two years ago. which 9. The big earthquakeØ felt in Beijing, ________ is the was capital of China.

高中英语语法讲解定语从句课件(共53张PPT)

高中英语语法讲解定语从句课件(共53张PPT)

关系代词的实质
Join the following sentences:
The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday.
The girl her we saw
yesterday is Mary.
关系代词的实质
Join the following sentences:
1.that 与which
1.This is the best TV _______ that is made in China. that he 2.The first museum _______ visited in China was the History Museum.
先行词被形容词最高级 或序数词修饰时,引导 定语从句多用that 。
引导定语从句用that .
1.that 与which 1.Who that _______ you have ever
know can do it better ?
Who做先行词时, 引导定语从句用 that
1.that 与which
1.Her bag, in ________ which she put all her money, has been stolen. which she 2.This is the ring on ________ spent 1000 dollars. 3.Xiao Wang , with ________ I went whom to the concert, enjoy it very mue is such a lazy man_____ nobody wants to work with______. A. as; him B. that; / C. as; / D. whom; him 2. Mrs. Black took the police back to____ place ____ she witnessed the robbery. A. the same; as B. the same; where C. the same ; that D. as the same; as
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定语从句一、考点聚焦1、功能:相当于形容词,修饰名词或代词,在句中作定语2、位置:定语从句置于被修饰词之后Those who are willing to attend the party, sign here please.3、先行词:被定语从句修饰的词称为先行词(1)先行词一般是名词和不定代词,如:some-, any-, every-和no与-boy, -thing的合成词;或all、none、any、some、that、those等代词。

数词也可以作先行词,人称代词也同样可作先行词。

(2)先行词与关系词是等量关系。

必须注意两点:①先行词在从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的数由先行词而定。

This is the place which is worth visiting.②关系词在从句句子中充当了成分,其意思就是先行词的意义,所以在从句中不能重复其意。

There are many places we can visit(them)in China.4、关系词:引导定语从句的都称关系词关系代词:who, whom, which, that, whose, as。

关系副词:when, where, why。

that偶尔也作关系副词。

5、确定关系词的步骤(1)先找关系词,看先行词指的是什么。

(2)看关系词在从句中所充当的成分。

二、关系代词引导的定语从句引导定语从句的关系代词主要有who, whom, whose, which, that等。

它们分别代替前面的先行词,并在定语从句中作主语、宾语或定语。

A.who 指人,在定语从句中作主语。

What was the name of the man who lent you the money借钱给你的那人叫什么名字?(定语从句修饰先行词the man,做主语)He who laughs last laughs best. 谁笑到最后谁笑得最好。

(定语从句修饰先行词he)B.whom 指人,在定语从句中做宾语。

在口语或非正式文体中,whom可省略或可用who来代替,但在介词后面以及在非限制性定语从句中只能用whom。

There are some people (whom/who) we like and others (whom/who) we dislike.有些人我们是喜欢的,有些人则是我们讨厌的。

(定语从句分别修饰先行词people, others)Two men, neither of whom I had ever seen before, came into my office.两个人来到我的办公室,我以前从未见过他们。

(在介词后面不用who)C.whose 通常指人,也可指物,在定语从句中做定语,后面要紧跟被修饰的名词。

There are some people whose faces you can never forget.有些人,他们的脸你永远难以忘怀。

(定语从句修饰先行词people)I saw some trees whose leaves were black because of the polluted air.我看见一些树的树叶由于空气污染而发黑。

(定语从句修饰行词trees)注意:The bike whose brake was damaged has now been repaired.那辆坏了闸的自行车现在已经修好了。

=The bike the brake of which was damaged has now been repaired.=The bike of which the brake was damaged has now been repaired.D.which1.指物,在定语从句中做主语或宾语。

做宾语时常可省略。

English is a language which is easy to learn.英语是一门容易学的语言。

(which在定语从句中作主语,不能省略)The children like cookies (which) my wife makes.孩子们喜欢我夫人做的饼干。

(关系代词which作makes的宾语,可以省略)2.which引导的非限制性定语从句可以修饰前面的整个主句,相当于and this。

Jim passed his driving test, which surprised everybody.吉姆通过了驾驶考试,这使大家都感到惊讶。

(定语从句修饰的是整个主句,而不是the driving test)3.which在非限制性定语从句中有时也可以作定语。

John stayed here for a week, during which time we visited the West Lake together.约翰在这里呆了一星期,在此期间我们一起游了西湖。

It might snow this weekend, in which case we won't go to Beijing.周末可能下雪,在这种情况下,我们就不去北京了。

E.that指人时,相当于who或whom;指物时,相当于which。

在定语从句中作主语或宾语(做宾语时可省略)。

He is the man that lives next door. 他就是住在隔壁的那个人。

(定语从句修饰先行词the man,作主语)The dress (that) Ann bought doesn't fit her very well. 安买的衣服不太合身。

提示:在口语中,that有时还可以作关系副词,相当于when或介词+which结构。

We left the day (that) he arrived.他来的那一天,我们就走了。

(that替when)He doesn't see things the way (that) we see them.他看问题的方法和我们不一样。

(that代替in which)注:1)在定语从句中,当先行词指物时,下列情况的关系词宜用that而不用which(1)先行词被①形容词最高级②序数词③数词几种词修饰或被④only、any、few、little、no、all、one of等修饰时。

(2)先行词为all、much、little、none、few、one、something、anything等不定代词时。

(3)先行词中既有人又有物时。

He was looking pleasantly at te children and parcels that filled his bus.(4)先行词在主句中作表语关系词在从句中作表语时。

The village is no longer the one that was 5 years ago.(5)当主句中含有疑问词which时。

Which are the books that you bought for me ?2)、宜用which而不用that的情况(1)在非限制性定语从句中(2)在关系词前有介词时(3)当先行词本身是that时(4)当关系词离先行词较远时F.as和but, than也可作关系代词,引导定语从句。

1. but可被看作关系代词,引导定语从句,在从句中作主语,意义上相当于who not或that not,即用在否定词或具有否定意义的词后,构成双重否定。

如:There is no mother but loves her children.没有不爱自己孩子的母亲。

2. We often advise him not to drink more wine than is good for his health. 我们经常劝他为了身体健康不要喝过量的酒。

3.as: as可以在限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句中作主语或宾语。

①在限制性定语从句中,先行词被such和the same修饰,从句都用as 引导。

Such books as you bought are useful.②在非限定性定语从句中,比较as 与which:A) 相同之处:都可以用来引导非限制性定语从句,指代前面的主句所表达的内容。

which 可做宾语/表语He failed once more in the match, which was a great pity.The earth runs around the sun, as is known by everyone.B) 区别:1)as引导的非限制性定语从句位置较灵活,可以位于主句前面.中间或后面,一般用逗号与主句隔开,但which所引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句之后。

例如:1) As we all know, Galileo’s theory of falling objects is right.= Galileo’s theory of falling objects, as we all know, is right= Galileo’s theory of falling objects is right, as we all know.2) He was thrown into prison, which got round throughout our village2.)as有“如”、“正如”、“像”、“正像”的含义,which 没有。

后面的谓语动词多是see, know, expect, say, mention, report等。

三、关系副词引导的定语从句1.关系副词也可以引导定语从句,在从句中分别表示时间.地点或原因。

关系副词when在从句中充当时间状语,where 充当地点状语,why充当原因状语。

1)when 表示时间, 充当时间状语when=on/ in/ of /at…+which2)where指地点= in / at / from / which3)why指原因= for which但注意:1.当先行词是表地点:place ,room, mountain, airport等时间:time, day, year, month, week,等原因:reason 等名词时,并且分别在句中做地点、时间、原因状语时,应用where ,when ,why引导。

但是如果如果表示时间地点原因的名词不做状语,而是做主语,宾语,或者表语时,必须用关系代词that /which 来引导而不是用where等。

I still remember the day that we spent together。

May 1 is the day that I will never forget。

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