动词宾语宾补
7 基本句型四 主语+及物动词+宾语+宾补
主语+及物动词+宾语＋宾补
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本句型中的动词虽然是及物动词，但是只 跟宾语还不能表达完整的意思,必须加上一个 补充成分，如形容词、名词、副词(仅限少数 几个)、动词不定式、分词来补充说明宾语, 才能表达一个完整的意思。宾语和宾语补足 语在意义有一种逻辑上的主谓关系,即宾语与 宾语补足语在“意义上”是一种主谓关系。 如：
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6. 主语 + 谓语 + it + 宾补 + 真正宾
语。如：
⑴ I found it very pleasant to be with your family. 我觉得与你家人
相处令人愉快。
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⑵ She thinks it no point practicing so much. 她认为练习这么多没有意义。
要带to。如：
The boss made him work overtime.(主动 语态)
He was made to work overtime.(被动语态)
老板叫他加班。
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5. 主语+及物动词+宾语+分词。如： Don’t leave the water running after you have washed your hands. 洗手之后不要 听任水白流。
15. I believe it no use talking with that
man.
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there by ship.
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14. 学校定了一条规则, 开始上课时学 生要起立。(make) 14. The schools made it a rule that students should stand up at the beginning of the class.
常考的动词宾语宾补结构
一、“ make宾语+xx”的用法“ make宾语+宾补”这一结构中，宾语补足语可以由名词、形容词、过去分词、不定式等来充当，例如：(1) A good friend is someone who makes you happy(. 形容词作宾补)(2) They made me repeat the story.(省to 的动词不定式)(3) He raised his voice to make himself heard过去分词作宾补)注：“ make宾语+宾补”结构中不用现在分词充当宾补。
(4) We made him monitor of our class.(名词作宾补)注：职务名词充当xx 补时其前面不要加冠词。
【试题链接】1. He is very popular among his students as he always tries to make them___ in his lectures.A．interestedB．interestingC．interestD．to interest2. Myparentshavealwaysmademe___aboutmyself,evenwhenIwastwelve.A．feeling wellB．feeling goodC．feel wellD．feel good答案：1. A2. D二、“ with宾语+xx”的用法“ with宾语+ 宾补”是高考试题中考查十分频繁的结构，“ with宾语+宾补”结构中的宾补主要有形容词、现在分词、过去分词、动词不定式等，在考题中常要求选择宾补的形式，在选择时宾补空间该使用什么形式，主要限决于宾语与宾补的关系，主动关系用现在分词，被动关系则用过去分词，此外，不定式作宾补要表示含义为将来的意味，例如：(2) With everything he need to buy, he went into the store. (不定式作宾补表示将来的含义)(3) With everything he need bought, he left the store. (过去分词作宾补表被动表完成)(4) With my key lost, I couldn ' t ente过m分词作宾补)(5) With nothing to do, I went out for a walk. (不定式作宾补)(6) I went out with the window open. ( 形容词作宾补)另外，“ with宾语+宾补”结构中还可由介词短语、副词短语来充当宾补，如：(1) She said good-bye with tears in her eyes.(2) He left the room with the light still on.试题链接】1. -- C ome on, please give me some ideas about the project. --- Sorry. With somuch work ___ my mind, I almost break down.A．filledB．fillingC．to fillD．being filled2. John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work ___ hegladly accepted it.A．finishedB．finishingC．having finishedD．was finished3. I couldn ' t to my homework with all the noise___.A．going onB．goes onC．went onD．to go on答案：1. B2. A3. A三、“ have宾语+xx”的用法在“have宾语+宾补”这一结构用法中，充当宾补的常用的有do, doing,done和adj,例如：(1) III have my hair cut this after n 我0今天下午要理发(2) I won ' t have you saying to your mother that way.(3) He reaIized that she did not wish to have her go with him.(4) I expect Amy wiII have the tea ready directIy.、/■ I ■ '。
“find+宾语+宾语补足语”
7.find+宾语+宾补（过去分词done）
The old man found his hometown much changed. 这位老人发现自己的家乡有了很大的变
二、“make+宾语+宾补”的用法
He found the text difficult to understand. 他发现这篇课文很难理解.
露茜发现鲍勃很诚实。 Lucy finds Bob honest.
2.find+宾语+宾补（n./pron.名词/代词）
You will find her a beautiful girl. 你会发现她是一个漂亮的女孩。
(1) A good friend is someone who makes
you happy. （形容词作宾补）
(2) They made me （to）repeat the
story.
（省to的动词不定式）
(3) He raised his voice to make himself
heard.
五、“hear+宾语+宾补”的用法 “hear+宾语+宾补”这一结构中的宾补常可以 由现在分词、不带to的不定式、过去分词等来 充当，如： 1.Through the wall he could hear Harris cleaning his teeth. (doing表示正在进行)
2.I heard Tom sing a song.（do表示整过程）
当他醒来时，发现自己在医院里。
5.find+宾语+宾补（to do不定式）
英语语法主语+及物动词+宾语+宾补介绍
8. 我们必须保持身体健康。(in good condition) We must keep our health in good condition.
9. 我们不会让她在晚上外出的。 We won‘t have her go out at night.
13. 我想乘船去那里更舒服些。 13. I think it more comfortable to go there by ship.
14. 学校定了一条规则, 开始上课时学 生要起立。(make) 14. The schools made it a rule that students should stand up at the beginning of the class.
本句型中的动词虽然是及物动词，但是只 跟宾语还不能表达完整的意思,必须加上一个 补充成分，如形容词、名词、副词(仅限少数 几个)、动词不定式、分词来补充说明宾语, 才能表达一个完整的意思。宾语和宾语补足 语在意义有一种逻辑上的主谓关系,即宾语与 宾语补足语在“意义上”是一种主谓关系。 如：
We elected Li Ming our monitor. 我们 选李阳做我们的班长。(Li Ming is our monitor)
10. 他每个月理一次发。 He has his hair cut once a month.
11. 我从来没看见这个字这样用过。 1 used in this way.
12. 他感到很难跟你交谈。 12. He feels it hard to talk with you.
⑶ He believed it unlikely that she would agree. 他相信她不可能同意。
非谓语动词之宾语+宾补记忆口诀
一、非谓语动词之作宾语【to do 和doing作宾语】①后面可接to do作宾语的动词有:afford 担负得起beg/ask请求agree 同意decide 决定expect 期望hope 希望manage设法refuse 拒绝want 想believe 相信wish/expect/hope 希望offer 提供learn care 在意pretend假装promise 许诺choose选择plan 计划记忆口诀：决心学会想希望，拒绝设法愿假装。
主动答应选计划，同意请求帮一帮。
决心（decide）学（learn）会想（fancy）希望（hope）拒绝（refuse）设法（manage）愿（want）假装（pretend）主动答应（admit）选（choose）计划（plan）同意（admit）请求（beg/ask）帮一帮（help）②后面可接doing作宾语的动词有:advise/suggest 建议admit 承认avoid 避免delay/put off 推迟enjoy/appreciate 欣赏excuse 原谅finish 完成imagine 想象escape 逃脱consider 考虑look forward to excuse/pardon fancy想象miss keep/keep on practice deny forbidimagine ask imaginerisk can’t help mindallow/permit escape记忆口诀：考虑建议盼原谅，承认推迟没得想。
避免错过继续练，否认完成停欣赏。
禁止想象才冒险，不禁介意准逃亡。
考虑（consider）建议（suggest）盼（look forward to ）原谅（excuse）承认（admit）推迟（put off/delay）没得想（fancy）避免（avoid）错过（miss）继续（continue）练（practice）否认（deny）完成（finish）停（stop）欣赏（admire）禁止（forbid）想象（imagine）才冒险（risk）不禁（can’t help）介意（mind）准逃亡（escape）二、宾语补足语【to do 作为宾语补足语】①后面可接省略to作宾语补足语的动词速记口诀：一感，二听，三让，四看，半帮助一感：feel；二听：hear，listen to；三让：make，let，have；四看：see，notice，watch，observe；半帮助：help②后面接to do作宾语补足语的动词advise 建议allow 允许ask 让，叫want 想要beg 乞求cause 导致command 命令encourage 鼓励expect 期待forbid 禁止force 迫使get 使hate 讨厌leave 让oblige 迫使prefer 宁愿tell 告诉wish 希望help 帮助like 喜欢order 命令request 请求trouble 麻烦wait for 等待intend 想要mean 打算permit 允许remind 提醒bear 忍受would prefer 宁愿invite 邀请need 需要persuade 说服teach 教warn 警告would love 想要记忆口诀：说服建议求期望，忍受命令讨厌讲。
动词不定式做宾语补足语用法六点小结
费加罗 刘亦菲不定式在“主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语”句型中充当宾语补足语。
在这一句型中，宾语是动词不定式的逻辑主语。
1.在表示感觉的动词后面作宾语补足语，并且不定式都不带to.(被动语态里要带to)这一类动词有：see, hear, feel, watch, notice, observe, look at, listen to,等。
I here them sing yesterday. 昨天我听见他们唱歌了。
Did you see him go out? 你看见他们出去了吗。
I felt something crawl up my leg. 我感到有什么东西爬道我腿上了。
2.在使役动词后作宾语补足语，不定式不带to这一类动词有：make, let,have等。
转为被动语态时，其后通常都用带to的不定式（have没有被动语态）What would you have me do? 你要我做什么？She made him give up smoking.她让他戒烟了。
Let him do whatever he whishes to do.他想干什么就让他干吧。
3.在表示心理状态的动词后作宾语补足语。
这类动词有：consider, think, believe, discover, find, imagine, judge, suppose, prove 等。
这类动词后的不定式通常是“to be+形容词或名词” 结构，think，consider，find后的to be常可省略。
We consider him (to be) a good teacher.我们认为他是一个好老师。
He proved that theory (to be) very important.他证明那个理论是很重要的。
I thought her (to be) nice and honest the first time I mether.我第一次见到她的时候就认为她人很好，很诚实。
动词-ing形式作宾补和状语
8. I left children ____(watch) television.
9. The policeman caught two boys ____(fight) in the street． 10. With the exam ____(draw)near, we all felt anxious. keys:1. lying 2. grow 3. rising 4. hoping 5. adding 6. Not having received 7. Having suffered 8. watching 9. fighting 10. drawing
（2）I often hear him sing this song.我经常 听到他唱这首歌。
注：①see sb./sth. doing变成被动语态，其 结构是sb./sth. be seen doing，doing在这里成 了主语补足语。 The missing boy were last seen playing near the river。那个失踪的男孩最后一次被看到是 在河边玩耍。
Working in the factory, she made a lot of factory. 在工厂工作期间，她交了很多朋 友。
Being ill, the boy didn’t come to school.因为 病了，那个男孩没有来学校。
Working hard, you will succeed.努力学习， 你就会成功。
Not knowing his telephone number, we couldn' t get in touch with him. 由于不知道 他的电话号码，我们没法与他联系。
感官动词后的宾语补足语
感官动词后的宾语补足语
感官动词是指描述人的感觉和知觉的动词，如see（看见）、hear （听见）、feel（感觉）、smell（闻）、taste（尝）等。
这些动词后面可以接宾语补足语来补充说明宾语的情况或状态。
以下是一些常见的宾语补足语形式：
1. 形容词：例如"I saw the man running fast."（我看见那个男人跑得很快。
）在这个例子中，"running fast" 是宾语"the man" 的补足语，描述了男人的状态。
2. 名词：例如"I heard a strange noise."（我听到了一个奇怪的声音。
）"a strange noise" 是宾语补足语，补充说明了听到的内容。
3. 不定式：例如"I saw him cross the street."（我看见他过了马路。
）"cross the street" 是不定式作为宾语补足语。
4. 现在分词：例如"I heard her singing in the room."（我听到她在房间里唱歌。
）"singing in the room" 是现在分词作为宾语补足语。
5. 过去分词：例如"He felt his heart beating fast."（他感觉到他的心跳得很快。
）"beating fast" 是过去分词作为宾语补足语。
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V.+宾语+xx高考全解析“动词+宾语+宾补”的试题是高考试题中常考的知识点，这里呢，我就高考常考的能跟接“宾语+宾补”复合结构的动词进行着重讲解，以帮助亲们掌握这一知识点：一、“make+宾语+xx”的用法“make+宾语+宾补”这一结构中，宾语补足语可以由名词、形容词、过去分词、不定式等来充当，例如：(1)A good friend is someone who makes you happy.（形容词作宾补）(2)They made me repeat the story.（省to的动词不定式）(3)He raised his voice to make himself heard.(过去分词作宾补)注：“make+宾语+宾补”结构中不用现在分词充当宾补。
(4)We made him monitor of our class.（名词作宾补）注：职务名词充当xx补时其前面不要加冠词。
【高考试题链接】1. He is very popular among his students as he always tries to make them ___ in hislectures.(07江苏卷)A．interestedB．interestingC．interestD．to interest2. My parents have always made me ___ about myself, even when I was twelve.(07江苏卷)A．feeling wellB．feeling goodC．feel wellD．feel good答案：1.A2.D二、“with+宾语+xx”的用法“with+宾语+宾补”是高考试题中考查十分频繁的结构，“with+宾语+宾补”结构中的宾补主要有形容词、现在分词、过去分词、动词不定式等，在考题中常要求选择宾补的形式，在选择时宾补空间该使用什么形式，主要限决于宾语与宾补的关系，主动关系用现在分词，被动关系则用过去分词，此外，不定式作宾补要表示含义为将来的意味，例如：(2)With everything he need to buy, he went into the store.(不定式作宾补表示将来的含义)(3)With everything he need bought, he left the store.(过去分词作宾补表被动表完成)(4)With my key lost, I couldn’t enter my room.(过去分词作宾补)(5)With nothing to do, I went out for a walk.(不定式作宾补)(6)I went out with the window open.(形容词作宾补)另外，“with+宾语+宾补”结构中还可由介词短语、副词短语来充当宾补，如：(1) She said good-bye with tears in her eyes.(2) He left the room with the light still on.【高考试题链接】1.—Come on, please give me some ideas about the project.—Sorry. With so much work ___ my mind, I almost break down.(07福建卷)A．filledB．fillingC．to fillD．being filled2. John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work ___ he gladly acceptedit.(07安徽卷)A．finishedB．finishingC．having finishedD．was finished3. I couldn’t to my homework with all the noise___.(05北京)A．going onB．goes onC．went onD．to go on答案：1. B2. A3. A三、“have+宾语+xx”的用法在“have+宾语+宾补”这一结构用法中，充当宾补的常用的有do，doing, done和adj，例如：(1) I’ll have my hair cut this afternoon.我今天下午要理发。
(2) I won’t have you saying to your mother that way.(3) He realized that she did not wish to have her go with him.(4) I expect Amy will have the tea ready directly.注意：have sth done的含义为“请别人来做某事或遭遇到某到情况”，例如：(1)I had the door painted last week.(2)He had his pocket picked.(3)She had her watch stolen.【高考试题链接】1. Jenny hopes that Mr. Smith will suggest a good way to have her written English ___ in a short period.(07福建卷)A．improvedB．improvingC．to improveD．improveA．has it fixedB．had fixed itC．had it fixedD．fixed it3.You should understand the traffic rule by now. You’ve had it ___ often enough.(05天津)A．explaingB．to explainC．explainD．explained答案：1. A2. C3. D四、“find+宾语+xx”的用法“find+宾语+宾补”这一结构中的宾语补足语可以由现在分词、过去分词、名词、形容词、副词、介词短语以及不定式to be等来充当。
分别举例如下：（1）You will find it a very difficult book.（2）The youth found it a hard problem to think about.（3）When he came to himself, he found himself surrounded by a group of boys.（4）I hope to find you in better spirits when we meet again.（5）I find the Chinese people to be happy and cheerful.注意：find+宾语+宾补这一结构中通常不使用动词原形来充当宾语补足语，即没有“find+宾语+动词原形”这样的结构。
【高考试题链接】A cook will be immediately fired if he is found __ in the kitchen.(03全国卷)A．smokeB．smokingC．to smokeD．smoked答案：B。
五、“leave+宾语+xx”的用法Leave+宾语+宾语补足语，其中宾语补足这一成分可以由过去分词、现在分词、形容词、介词的复合结构等来充当，分述如下：1．由过去分词来充当宾语补足语：leave sth/sb done，常用来表示宾语所处的状态或表示动作已经完成。
(1)Please excuse me if I have left any of your questions unanswered.(2)He got up slowly leaving the lunch unfinished.(3)Did you leave the doors and windows firmly fastened? △可用于被动语态：Hi！My patient can’t be left unattached.2.由现在分词来充当宾语补足语：leave sb/sth doing,常用来表示使某人或某物一直做某事：(1)Don’t leave her waiting outside in the rain.(2)They went off together and left me sitting there.(3)We left him painting the gate.△可用于被动语态：Now the temple has only its walls left standing.The papers were left lying around.3.由形容词来充当宾语补足语：(1)You’d better leave the drawing-room door open.(2)His illness has left him weak.△可用于被动语态：The window was left open.4.由介词的复合结构充当宾语补足语：(1)Leave him in peace!(2)His illness left him with a weak heart.(3)You’ve l eft her name off the list.△可用于被动语态：I was left without a ray of hope.【高考试题链接】A good story does not necessarily have to have a happy ending, but the reader must not be left___.(06天津卷)A．unsatisfiedB．unsatisfyingC．to be unsatisfyingD．being unsatisfied答案：A六、“hear+宾语+xx”的用法“hear+宾语+宾补”这一结构中的宾补常可以由现在分词、不带to的不定式、过去分词等来充当，如：Through the wall he could hear Harris cleaning his teeth.She could hear the rain pattering against the windows.Have you ever heard a pop song sung in Japanese?I won’t hear anything said against him behind his back.【高考试题链接】After a knock at the door, the child heard his mother’s voice ___ him.(07上海卷)A．callingB．calledC．being calledD．to call 答案：A。