科技论文写作a第次作业
科技写作作业1
STST两优培九变异来自由度平方和均方Ｆ值Ｆ0.05 Ｆ0.01源区组间 3 215.73 71.91 1.77 4.76 9.78处理间 2 461.45 230.73 5.69 5.14 10.9误差 6 243.45 40.57总变异11 920.63处理平均数5%差异1%差异处3 45.9 a A处2 37.13 ab A处1 30.77 b A扬稻6号变异来自由度平方和均方Ｆ值Ｆ0.05 Ｆ0.01源区组间 3 278.78 92.93 0.51 4.76 9.78处理间 2 1076.53 538.27 2.96 5.14 10.9误差 6 1091.57 181.93总变异11 2446.88处理平均数5%差异1%差异处1 69.75 a A处2 61.38 a A处3 46.83 a A以上说明：针对两优培九而言，不同水分处理间水稻产量差异显著，且各水分处理产量为常规灌溉＞重干湿交替＞轻干湿交替；针对扬稻6号而言，不同水分处理间水稻产量差异不显著，但各水分处理产量同样为常规灌溉＞重干湿交替＞轻干湿交替。
EXCEL两优培九方差分析：单因素方差分析SUMMARY组观测数求和平均方差行 1 4 123.1 30.775 6.395833行 2 4 148.5 37.125 30.89583行 3 4 183.6 45.9 115.7667方差分析差异源SS df MS F P-value F crit 组间461.4517 2 230.7258 4.522312 0.043704 4.256495 组内459.175 9 51.01944总计920.6267 11扬稻6号方差分析：单因素方差分析SUMMARY组观测数求和平均方差行 1 4 279 69.75 128.8433行 2 4 245.5 61.375 175.4492行 3 4 187.3 46.825 152.4892方差分析差异源SS df MS F P-value F crit 组间1076.532 2 538.2658 3.535163 0.073617 4.256495 组内1370.345 9 152.2606总计2446.877 11注：组1：轻干湿交替；组2：重干湿交替；组3：常规灌溉。
西南交《科技论文写作A》在线作业一.AD02C20E-4124-408D-86D9-2BB7FB40371A(总10页)
西南交《科技论文写作A》在线作业一
论文插图图中若有分图时，分图好使用（）等置于分图之下。
A:a)b)
B:A.B.
C:1)2)
D:（一）（二）
答案：A
重要词语指文中涉及本文理解的（）。
A:重要概念和一些核心词语
B:重要概念或一些核心词语
C:重要概念
D:核心词语
答案：A
以下是《人工神经网络在传感器目标识别中的应用》论文的目录内容：一、概述；
二、数学基础知识；三，传感器基础知识；四、人工神经网络简介；五、人工神经网络在目标识别中的应用；六、仿真；七、结论；八、结论；九、致谢。
它是一种仿教科书式的论文，其目录上存在的问题是（）。
A:概述的设置
B:数学基础的介绍
C:传感器基础的介绍
D:“人工神经在目标识别中的应用”篇幅比例小答案：D
有数字坐标的坐标图，必须标明（）。
A:坐标位置
B:坐标单位
C:坐标数值
D:比例尺
答案：B
科技论文的提名一般不超过（）个字。
A:15
B:20
C:25
D:30
答案：B。
科技信息检索与论文写作作业
科技信息检索与论文写作作业第一篇：科技信息检索与论文写作作业“科技信息检索与论文写作课程”专业课题检索报告课题名称：热老化对姓名学号：专业：电气工程导师签字：完成时间：XLPE性能影响2018年1月21日一、课题分析1.1 课题名称中文：热老化对XLPE性能影响英文：Influence of Thermal Aging on The Properties of XLPE 1.2课题关键词中文：交联聚乙烯；热老化；电性能；机械性能英文：XLPE, thermal aging, electrical properties, mechanical properties 1.3检索目的(1)通过检索复习科技文献检索及科技写作课堂内容，回顾老师所讲过的知识，掌握科技文献检索的方法。
(2)通过检索查询与课题相关的文献资料，了解课题发展前沿动态，为课题研究打下坚实的基础。
二、检索过程明细 2.1中英文检索式检索式一：热老化 AND 交联聚乙烯 AND性能检索式二：热老化AND 交联聚乙烯检索式三：交联聚乙烯AND(电性能OR机械性能)检索式四：聚乙烯 AND 热老化 AND性能检索式五：XLPE AND thermal aging AND property 检索式七：XLPE AND thermal aging AND propert* 检索式八：XLPE ANDaging AND(electrical OR mechanical)检索式九：XLPE AND aging AND(electrical OR mechanical)AND propert*2.2检索结果2.2.1中国学术期刊全文数据库(CNKI)[1] 薛程.XLPE高压电缆绝缘老化状态评估研究[D].天津大学，2014.[2] 李欢，李建英，马永翔等.不同温度热老化条件下交联聚乙烯电缆绝缘热性能和力学性能的劣化趋势研究[J].绝缘材料，2018(01): 57-63.[3] 刘露萍，吕程.交联聚乙烯热老化过程中的电性能[J].塑料，2016，45(03):4-6.[4] 刘贺晨.高压直流电缆绝缘老化对空间电荷特性的影响及其电树枝特性研究[D].华北电力大学(北京)，2017.[5] 朱晓辉，孟峥峥，王浩鸣等.运行高压交联聚乙烯电力电缆的介电性能[J].高电压技术，2015，41(04):1090-1095.[6] 詹威鹏，褚学来，申作家等.加速热氧老化中交联聚乙烯电缆绝缘聚集态结构与介电强度关联性研究[J].中国电机工程学报，2016，36(17):4770-4778.[7] 何东欣.交联聚乙烯电缆交流空间电荷与老化特性研究[D].华北电力大学(北京)，2017.[8] 张福增，李淑琦，朱永华等.热老化对挤塑绝缘XLPE直流电缆空间电荷特性的影响[J].绝缘材料，2015，48(08):41-45.[9] 金天雄，刘飞，江平开等.热老化XLPE电缆绝缘的介电击穿行为的研究[J].电线电缆，2008(06):28-31+39.[10] 金天雄，黄兴溢，江平开等.热老化对交联聚乙烯电缆绝缘中水树的影响研究[J].绝缘材料，2007(05):45-48.[11] 阳云义，黄小，梁桂兰.浅谈热处理对交联聚乙烯绝缘电缆绝缘热老化性能的改善[J].价值工程，2017，36(31):200-201.[12] 李欢，李建英，欧阳本红.热老化对XLPE 电缆绝缘空间电荷分布特性的影响研究[J].绝缘材料，2017，50(11):27-33.2.2.2 万方数据资源系统[13] 王国忠.交联副产物对交联聚乙烯电缆绝缘热老化性能影响的探讨[J].电线电缆，2006(4):10-12.[14] 王航，谭帼馨，谭英等.交联聚乙烯海底电缆绝缘层热老化寿命及理化性质分析[J].高分子材料科学与工程，2015(3):71-75.[15] 王航，谭帼馨，谭英等.交联聚乙烯电缆热老化与电树枝化相关性研究[J].江苏电机工程，2009(5):54-57.[16] 李伟，吴麟琳，张幸等.交联聚乙烯电缆的老化及其诊断方法研究进展[J].绝缘材料，2016(11):36-44，50.[17] 周韫捷，李红雷，王琦梦等.加速热老化对XLPE电缆绝缘力学性能和介电性能的影响研究[J].华东电力，2014(8):1606-1610.[18] 欧阳本红，康毅，赵健康等.加速水树老化对XLPE电力电缆绝缘性能的影响[J].高电压技术，2010(8):1942-1949.[19] 李长明，韩宝忠，郭文敏等.交联聚乙烯热老化过程动力学参数的确定[C].中国电工技术学会电线电缆专业委员会2006年学术年会.2006: 240-247.[20] 金天雄.热老化交联聚乙烯电缆绝缘的介电以及水树枝行为的研究[D].上海交通大学，2006.2.2.3 读秀知识库[21] 舒康玉.电缆绝缘热老化因素对水树现象的影响[J].数字化用户，2017，(5).[22] 王航，谭帼馨，谭英.交联聚乙烯海底电缆绝缘层热老化寿命及理化性质分析[J].高分子材料科学与工程，2015，31(3): 71-75.2.2.4 国家科技图书文献中心[23] 李哲凡，金石南，刘飞等.热老化XLPE电缆绝缘的介电击穿行为的研究[J].电线电缆，2008(6):28-39.2.2.5 SCI数据库[24] Boukezzi L, Bessissa L, Boubakeur A, et al.Neural networks and fuzzy logic approaches to predict mechanical properties of XLPE insulation cables under thermal aging[J].Neural Computing and Application, 2017, 8(11): 3557-3570.[25] He Dongxin, Gu Jiefeng, Wang Wei, et al.Research on mechanical and dielectric properties of XLPE cable under accelerated electrical-thermal aging[J].Polymers for Advanced Technologies, 2017, 28(8): 1020-1029.[26] Borisova M E, Osina Y K.The influence of thermal aging on absorption phenomena in cross-linked polyethylene cable insulation[J].Technical Physics Letters, 2017, 43(1): 136-138.[27] Kemari Y, Mekhaldi A, Teguar M.Experimental investigation and signal processing techniques for degradation assessment of XLPE and PVC/B materials under thermal aging[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation, 2017, 24(4): 2559-2569.[28] Liu yunpeng, Liu Hechen, Yu Lichao, et al.Effect of thermal stress on the space chargedistribution of 160 kV HVDC cable insulation material[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation, 2017, 24(3): 1355-1364.2.2.6 EI数据库[29] Zhou Yunjie, Li Honglei, Wang Qimeng, et al.Effect of accelerated thermal aging on mechanical and dielectric properties of XLPE cable insulation[J].East China Electric Power, 2014, 42(8): 1606-1610.[30] Kim Chon-ung, Jin Zhijian, Jiang Pingkai, et al.Studies on the effect of accelerated thermal aging on electrical and physicochemical properties of XLPE cable[J].Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University, 2007, 12(1): 91-95.[31] Ishida, Masayoshi, Okamoto, et al.Morphological and dielectric changes of XLPE insulation due to thermal aging[J].Electrical Engineering in Japan, 1993, 113(8): 1-15.[32] Boubakeur A, Boukezzi L, Lallouani M.The effect of thermal ageing influence on the electrical and physical behavior of XLPE[J].Przeglad Elektrotechniczny, 2001, 77(9): 201-204.2.2.7 Elsevier 期刊数据库[33] F Frutos, M Acedo, Mudarra J, et al.Effect of annealing on conductivity in XLPE mid-voltage cable insulation[J].Journal of Electrostatics, 2007, 65(2): 122-131.[34] Fabrizio Negri, Andrea Cavallini, Davide Fabiani, et al.Effect of graphene oxide-based nanostructured coatings on the electrical performance of cross-linked polyethylene[J].Polymer Testing, 2017, 59(5): 142-151.[35] Jobby Paul, Eddy Walther Hansen, Jaan Roots.Probing the molecular dynamics in XLPE aged at different temperatures by 1HNMR relaxation time measurement.[J].Polymer Degradation and Stability, 2012, 97(11): 2403-2411.2.2.8 IEEE/IET数据库[36] Linfeng Cao, Stanislaw Grzybowski.Accelerated aging study on 15 kV XLPE and EPR cables insulation caused by switching impulses[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics andElectrical Insulation, 2015, 22(5): 2809-2817.[37] Andrew J Thomas, Tapan K saha.Statistical analysis of diagnostic indicators during an accelerated ageing experiment for XLPE cable specimens[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation, 2012, 19(1): 274-282.2.2.9 ProQuest学位论文全文数据库[38] Vatansever Ali.Thermal aging and morphology of high voltage crosslinked polyerhylene cables[D].The University of Tennessee, 1986.三、综述报告 3.1 研究内容研究内容主要为热老化对交联聚乙烯性能的影响，在不同的老化温度下对交联聚乙烯试样进行加速热老化，对不同老化时间、老化温度的XLPE试样进行性能测试，研究热老化对交联聚乙烯电性能的影响，电性能包括材料的直流击穿强度、空间电荷分布情况、电导率。
科技论文写作大作业
北京航空航天大学Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics激光冲击强化处理质量检测李晨①①北京航空航天大学机械工程及自动化学院, ZY1307229;*E-mail: stevenlee1991@摘要激光冲击强化处理技术是目前提高航空发动机叶片的疲劳寿命的一种新技术。
但是，到目前为止，从公开的资料来看，只有美国将这项技术运用于实际。
其中影响技术推广的主要原因之一就是没有可靠的准确的实时检测技术。
当前国内的检测的方法并不多，主要是靠直观判别。
以经验来进行检测，效率很低而且没有精度保证。
国内对于航空发动机叶片固有频率的测量主要是通过共振法。
由于受到各种影响，实际精度较低。
另外还需要逐步改变激振力来寻找共振频率，难以实现在线检测。
研究表明，残余压应力也是LSP的一个重要指标。
零件内部有残余应力时，零件的固有频率和阻尼会发生变化，即可以采用对其固有频率的测量来实现。
由于当前的检测中出现的各种问题，一种实时的检测系统的开发，对于激光冲击强化处理工艺在工业中的应用具有重要意义。
关键词冲击强化残余应力发动机叶片实时检测半个世纪以前，很多实验表明大量弹丸在压缩空气的推动时，会形成高速弹丸不断喷向零件，因而改变材料的各种机械和物理性能，即喷丸强化。
之后随着技术的更新和发展，开始采用激光发生器，发射激光从而诱导并缠身的高幅冲击波来改善金属材料的表面特性，即激光冲击强化处理技术（LSP）。
激光冲击强化技术（LSP）是利用强激光束产生的等离子冲击波，作用在工件上，可以提高金属材料的抗疲劳、抗磨损和抗腐蚀等性能的高新技术。
它生产出来的工件具有非接触、可控性强等特点。
另外加工的过程中需要涂层，涂层主要是用来保护工件不被激光灼伤，而且可以增强工件对激光能量的吸收，目前常用的材料主要有黑漆和铝箔等。
约束层的作用除了能约束等离子体的膨胀，还能提高冲击波的峰值压力，又能通过对冲击波的反射延长作用时间，目前常用的约束层为流水，K9玻璃等材料。
第八讲 科技论文的写作方法和步骤
• 修改：
把文章暂时搁在一边，随后再修改。 文章读起来是否朗朗上口，内容是否平衡 最重要的论点充分是否强调了，应叙述的基本内容有 否遗漏
是否有逻辑错误和拼写错误
每个句子的意义是否清楚、准确 长句是否组织的很好 在形式、用词、缩写、符号、数学公式和插图方面是 否符合读者要求
• 修改：
题目的修改：
确切概括论文的性质与内容 简短、易读、易懂，但又不过于简单，空泛，以致意义不明确 文字中包括被研究对象和被观察的因素，不包括细节和结论 字句的次序适当，重要的字句应尽可能排在前边
语法合理
例子：A年龄与儿童发育的关系 B儿童的年龄与发育的关系 C儿童发育与年龄的关系 以B较好 A蛋白质加热对营养价值的影响 B加热对于蛋白质营养价值的影响 以B较好
3.1.1 提出问题阶段（选题）
选题是写好科技论文的关键，选好题目就等于写好论文的一半。 研究方向宜宽，论文选题宜具体、需在充分调研的基础上进行，要根据自己 的研究基础、研究条件以及所掌握的资料和研究方法确定合适的题目。
提出问题的常用方法： 1）学科前沿法。勇于在新学科领域或学科新生长点中选 题，在基金申请指南书和新近文献基金项目中选题。 2）实际需求提炼法。关注国家需求（发展规划、要求）， 收集实践部门中存在的研究问题，在完成科研项目过 程中思考提炼创新点，形成论文选题。 3）学科交叉法。在交叉学科边缘学科和横断学科中选题， 在被忽略的领域开垦新天地（东北中国龙鸟化石）。 4）先易后难法。从作者熟悉的领域中选题，到学科交叉 领域，到学科前沿选题。
• 3、论文写作
撰写的顺序是：先正文后结论，在写中文，最后写英文摘要摘要。
要根据提纲写作
一气呵成你的文章，要使用脑海第一次想到的词 初稿完成后才是修改文章的时候 写初稿的目的是要把所有想写的话全都写出来，把内容的先后次序尽可 能安排适当 原订的计划有不当之处，在这个阶段，最好不要改变过多；应等把整个 初稿写完并抄出清稿，把全篇论文从头到反复看几遍，再订修改计划。 在初稿中，凡是引用文献，并用括号括起。凡需加脚注的地方，应紧接正文 的相应位置把脚注的全方写出，并加上括号
科技论文写作大作业范文精选1
科技论文写作大作业范文精选1今天，人类所有的令人惊叹不已的技术成就，无不是建立早年科学家们对身边锁事进行观察并研究的基础之上，在学习中，我们要树立科学意识，大处着眼，小处着手。
在物理学方面不断进步。
我最喜欢看其中的《来到了跳跳国》、《咔嗒，咔嗒，粘住了》和《大象也可以被举起来》，它以讲故事的方式向我们讲述科学知识，语句充满童真，讲的是发生在我们日常生活中的物理知识，很生动，将我们牢牢吸引。
文中的主人公是与我们一般大的孩子，读完以后，我们会发现原来文中的“她”也会问这个问题呀？这个问题一点也不傻？原来答案是这样的！太神奇了！飞机是怎么飞起来的？天空中为什么有彩虹？船为什么能在水中浮起来？……这些问题的答案就在这套丛书里，快翻开这套丛书找一找答案，看一看里面的内容吧！夏秋天经常有苍蝇爬到食物和碗筷上，严重影响饮食卫生，吃了这些带细菌的食物，人们常常会生病。
为了消灭苍蝇，经常用苍蝇拍打苍蝇，这样家里的苍蝇逐渐减少。
但是打过一阵苍蝇后，在桌上和白墙壁上到处留下许多苍蝇内脏的污点，非常难看，也不卫生。
去年我们参加科技活动小组，辅导老师组织我们开展小发明活动，鼓励我们动脑筋找小发明课题，想办法解决课题中的难题。
我们将上述问题带到科技小组一起讨论，在老师的引导下，我们你一言，我一语讨论解决这个难题的方案。
我们想了几种办法，最后大家一致认为在苍蝇拍加几排小点，点的高度比苍蝇的大小矮一点。
这样打苍蝇时，苍蝇被打了，而桌面和墙壁上不会留下讨厌的污点，效果很好，受到老师和家长的称赞。
这项发明将普通苍蝇拍加几排小点（用万能胶滴胶），就解决了普通苍蝇拍拍打苍蝇时留下污点的难题，这是这项发明的创造性贡献。
由于它打苍蝇不留污点，所以我们给这项发明命名为“无污苍蝇拍”，我们建议塑料厂今后生产这种无污苍蝇拍。
今天，我回到家里，做起了作业，做的时候，一个题目吸引了我的眼球，水结冰后增加了十一分之一的体积，那么冰化成水减少了几分之几的体积？我的心中不禁涌起了一个大大的问号：为什么水结成冰会增加它的体积呢？假如一杯水有一升，结冰之后还是一升啊？我百思不得其解，苦着脸呆坐在那里，妈妈一下就看出了我的苦恼，说：“你怎么不自己做实验呢？”“对呀！”说完，我便开始行动：我拿出了一个高为15厘米的杯子，按题目放了11厘米的水变放进冰箱，我在外面焦急的等待着。
英文科技论文写作与学术报告（2019秋）作业答案
英⽂科技论⽂写作与学术报告（2019秋）作业答案英⽂科技论⽂写作与学术报告(2019秋)作业答案第⼀章1. Which one is NOT included in “logics in writing paper”?A Logical presentation in writing paperB Good language flowC Good structure and clarity in the paperD Good theoretical analysis2. Which is the CORRECT statement in the following?A If the reader want to know the result of the paper, they can read the introduction.B If the reader want to intuitively know the key ideas behind the paper, they should read the introduction.C It's optional that we summarize the contribution of the paper in the "abstract".D If the readers want to know all the glory details, they can read the introduction.3. Which of the following practice we should follow when writing scientific paper in English?A Modesty is a good characteristic in Chinese culture.B When writing scientific paper, we should point out the shortcomings of our research using a specific section.C We should confidently show the contributions of our research.D The English culture is so similar to Chinese that Chinese readers can just follow their culture when writing an English scientific paper.4. What does “delivery” means in the context of writing an Engligh scientific paper?A The meaning of “delivery” is similar to the concept of those delivery companies.B “Delivery” means the contributions of your research.C “Delivery” means how much do the writers know the background of the readers.D The “responsibility of delivery” is on the writer rather than on the reader.5. Which one is the CORRECT expression of “博⼠后流动站”?A Postdoctoral program.B Post-doctor mobile station.C Post-doctor flow station.D Postdoctoral moving station.6. Which of the following translation is authentic?A 注意安全---- take care.B 第⼀教学楼---- No.1 teaching building.C ⼩⼼落⽔---- fall into water carefully.D 投诉电话---- law suit phone number.7. What should we do in writing a scientific paper?A In order to emphasize our views, we should put our strong emotions into the text.B Slightly present our political comments is allowed.C We should follow the mainstream ideas of general public.D We should present facts, theories, proofs, experiments, testing results objectively.8. Which of the following is WRONG about the title of scientific paper?A It normally is not a sentence.B It is better to use the fewest possible words to adequately describes the contents of the paper.C The order of the words in the title is very important.D It is better to use a complete sentence.9. Which of the following is WRONG about the abstract of scientific paper?A It is the summary of the paper.B It is better to use abbreviation to make the abstract shorter.C It describes the key ideas of the paper.D It gives the results of the paper.10. Which is NOT advised in the introduction section?A Clearly explain the background of our research.B Clearly explain the problem we do.C Explain the academic and/or impact.D Using mathematical functions to explain our model.11. Which of the following is RIGHT regarding the literature review?A It is better to comment on the existing work positively.B It is better to comment on the existing work objectively.C It is better to comment on the existing work negatively.D It is better to criticize the results obtained by other researchers to highlight our contributions.12. Which of the following is RIGHT about the references of introduction of scientific paper?A It is better to cite as many foreign references as possible.B It is better to cite many your own previously published papers.C It is better to cite as many domestic references as possible.D Recent references should be cited13. What may the reviewer thinks if you cite too many your own publications?A You really contribute a lot to the community.B Other researchers are not interested in the subject.C You have a say in this research area.D They will think you have sufficient references.14. If the a reference has 5 authors, how many authors should you include in the reference list?A Only the first author.B Only the first and second author.C Only the first and corresponding author.D All five authors.15. What should you do in the “Problem description and formulation”?A If you clearly know the meaning of a variable, it’s ok that it is not defined.B You should present the problem you are trying to solve.C Usually you should describe your system configuration, environment and so on.D You should put the organization of your paper here.16. Which of the following statement is NOT correct?A If you have a theorem, you should put th e proof in the section of “methodology.”B In the section of “simulation/numerical result”, you should present the description of the practical or experiment system, description of the data and the associated system.C In the section of “simulation/numerical result”, you can use tables, figures and graph to better present your contribution.D In the conclusion remark or the conclusion, you can just repeat your conclusion remark as the abstract.17. What you can do if you want to show acknowledgment?A It’s not appropriate to put acknowledgment in the front page.B You can put a separate section of acknowledgment in your paper.C If you acknowledge Albert Einstein, you should thank him based on the fact.D The length of acknowledgment should be strictly constrained.18. Which is CORRECT when you list the references?A It’s ok if you put as many references as you can.B To enrich your paper, you should can list something that is not referred to in your paper.C Every reference you list must be referred in the main text.D It’s proper for you to list many home made references.19. What does “proof reading” mean?A 证明阅读.B 校对.C 证明读物.D 证明在读.20. What is TRUE if at the procedure to submit a paper?A Usually we submit the entire manuscript to a conference or journal.B All conferences require you to submit the abstract first, from which the organizer will determine whether you need to submit the whole text.C We should submit a hard copy to the publisher with your signature.D The reviewers’ comments are not v ery important when you modify your paper.21. If the publisher sends the proof to you, when should you give a reply?A In about 2 days.B In about 2 weeks.C In about 2 months.D In about 2 years.22. Which of the following may not be the reason to reject a scientific paper?A There are many grammatical mistakes in the paper.B There are many simple sentences in the paper.C There are many direct translations in the paper.D There are some spelling mistakes of authors' names in references.23. Which of the following is TRUE?A Font size should keep consistency only in each paragraph.B Font size should keep consistency only in each part of the paper.C Font size should keep consistency in the entire paper.D It doesn't matter how the font size used.24. Which of the following is TRUE about use of mathematical equations?A It is better to use as many equations as possible.B It is better to use as few equations as possible.C It is better not to use any equations at all.D It is better to have a balanced use of equations.25. Which statement is NOT true?A You should keep consistence in equations and reference format.B You should keep consistence in format of authors of all references.C The format between different paragraphs should be kept the same.D You should not use synonyms in order to keep consistence.26. What is NOT necessary when you want to better write your paper?A Use spelling check to make sure all the words are spelled correctly.B Use grammar check to find out inconsistency.C Carefully check the spellings of the names in references.D Use many hard and complicated sentences to polish your expressions.27. Which of the following author names may NOT be the right format of the reference?A X. Guan, S. Zhang, S. Li, W. WangB Guan, X., Zhang, S., Li, S., Wang, W.C Xiaohong Guan, San Zhang, Si Li, Wu WangD Guan Xiaohong, Zhang, S., S. Li, W. Wang28. Which is NOT the general style of the reviewers?A FrankB BrutalC SarcasticD Implicit29. If the reviewer gives a lot of critical comments and requests for modification, what are the correct attitudes we should have?A The reviewers are giving us hard time on my paper.B The reviewer is incompetent because he cannot understand what I write.C We should modify our paper according to the reviewers’ comments to get our paper published.D The reviewer is biased on me.30. Which one is NOT the good advices on responding to reviewers?A We need to examine carefully all the comments made by the reviewers and the Associate Editor.B We have to differentiate those comments that must be fully addressed from those that are desirable to be addressed.C We only need to address the comments that they are correct as we believe.D We need to respond to EACH and EVERY point raised by the reviewer and the referee.31. In order to help the reviewers save time, we shouldA List our original reviews and the response side by side.B Tell the reviewers that we have modified the paper carefully.C Send back a paper with enough modification to the reviewers.D Just select some critical comments to response.32. Which is the WRONG response to reviewers if we don’t agree with their comments?A We had better not to argue with the reviewer.B Show the reviewers that the main text is revised according to their comments.C If we must disagree with their comments, we should do it very professionally with no rancor or sarcasm.D Ignore those comments or explain what we originally meant.33. Which one is the good action in responding to reviewers?A We explain to the reviews what we have revised to addressed their comments.B If the criticism of the reviewers makes us uncomfortable, we should ignore and try to feel better.C If the reviewers think that the contributions are not enough, we should request the Associate Editor to have other reviewers review our paper.D If the reviewers think that the contributions are not enough, we should have patience, waiting they change mind.34. Which description of the review system is CORRECT?A The author knows the reviewer, but the reviewer doesn’t know the author.B The authors do not know the reviewer, but the reviewer knows the authors.C The reviewers know each other.D The author knows the reviewer, and the reviewer know the author, too.第⼆章1. What are the CORRECT statements in the following?A Making presentations in English is only important for scholars.B Making presentations in English is only important for businessmen.C Making presentations in English is only important for scholars and businessmen.D Making presentations in English is important for many careers.2. Which of the following is WRONG about making presentations in English?A It can make a good impression.B It can show how smart you are.C It is only necessary when you attend an academic conference.D It may be the turning point in many cases.3. Which is NOT the correct statement in the following?A You should overestimate the audience's capability to show smart they are.B You should assume responsibility of delivery.C You should make a lot of efforts to prepare your slide.D You should make a lot of efforts to practice your presentation.4. Which of the following is WRONG about using Powerpoint to make presentations?A It uses audio and visual channels of communications and more information transfer in the same amount of time.B You cannot make the last minute change under any condition.C Preparing the slides forces you to organize and rehearse you talk and help you uncover weak spots.D You can synchronize with sound recording and presenting without physical presence.5. Which statement is NOT the correct one in the following?A It is better to use multiple slides or the animation feature to control the display of information on your slide.B It is better not to make a slide crowded.C It is better not to copy texts form your thesis to the slide directly.D It is better to put many words in the slide to make your audience get the information clearly.6. Which statement about the font size in the slide is NOT mentioned in the video?A Usually the minimal font size for text is 18 points.B Occasionally in graphics 14 points can be used.C Very rarely the minimal font size for text can be 12 points.D Very rarely in detail graphs you can use 12 points.7. Which is the main function of a road map in your presentation?A To beatify your slides.B To increase the number of your slides.C To tell the audience where your talk is.D To concretely show conclusions of your research.8. Which is NOT the correct statements in the following?A It is OK to change notations half way through a talk by copying those in another talk to save efforts.B When using a graphic notation, make the graphics distinctive and use it repeatedly.C Use one consistent name or label to denote one thing throughout the talk.D Always define things, your problem statement, mathematical symbol, your goal, etc.9. Which of the following may NOT be a necessary part of presenting experimental results?A Conditionals defined.B Procedures detailed.C Diagram labeled.D Conclusions stated.10. For a 30 minutes talk, what is the appropriate number of slides?A No more than 15.B No less than 15.C No more than 10.D No less than 20.11. What is a good presentation?A Use many beautiful animations, but the content is not fulfilled.B The topic of your presentation is interesting in your aspect.C The subject of your presentation is welcomed by the audience.D The words in your slide are of large size to make the audience look clearly.12. Which is the appropriate time of preparing slides according to Prof. Ho of Harvard University?A About 5 minutes per slide with graphics.B About 15 minutes per slide with graphics.C At least 5 minutes to make one slide in presentation.D At least 15 minutes to make one slide in presentation.13. Which is NOT the correct statements in the following?A You can prepare some slides for some expected question.B You can take the questions in the rehearsal as pre-reviews.C You cannot say I don't know even if you don’t have an answer.D You can offer the approach to finding the answer if necessary.14. Which statement is NOT correct about preparing slides for expected questions?A It will impress the audience that how much efforts you made to make this presentation.B From this way you can improve your presentation in the rehearsal.C It may make the audiences difficult to raise new questions.D It can help you answer the questions better.15. What would most probably happen if you read the slides in your presentation?A It seems that you have prepared a lot.B It will make the audience easily to get bored.C It seems that you are not confident enough.D The time you spend in presentation is easily to over the limitation.16. When should you mention your main goal in making presentations?A Mention your main goal early to capture attention of the audience.B Mention your main goal at any time is Ok.C Mention your main goal late to keep audience in suspense.D Never mention your main goal at all.17. Which is NOT the correct statements in the following?A Watch where you stand when you speak.B Keep the laser pointer on all the time to attract the attention of audience.C Don't keep your hands in the pocket.D Record your talk and listen to and view it.18. Which of the following expression is proper for the speaker/audience?A What you are talking about is nothing, but general theory of relativity.B It is a stupid question, my first-year graduate student can answer that.C I have just talked about that, why did you ask such a question again.D It is really a good question, thanks for your asking.19. Which is the CORRECT statement in the following?A The speaker should answer the question before the audience finishes it to save time.B The speaker should not be polite, because it may make others feel that you are not knowledgeable.C The speaker should listen carefully before answering the question.D The speaker should say directly that your question is irrelevant.第三章1. Which statement is WRONG about sharing credit in writing scientific paper?A If your wor k is built on somebody else’s work, you should state clearly.B There is a harsh punishment for plagiarism.C It is acceptable to write a couple of paragraphs rephrasing other people’s words and provide a simple numbered reference.D If you list the references at the end of the paper, you should cite all the references your listed in the text.2. What should you do if you want to cite a general theory of relativity of Albert Einstein?A Just copy the original words of the theory.B Put quotations on the original words of the theory.C Using your own words to express meaning of the theory without reference.D Simply providing a numbered reference after copying the original words.3. Which of the following is NOT appropriate when you acknowledge others in your paper?A You thank someone sincerely and properly in the acknowledge section of the paper.B A scientist is not related to your paper, but you put his name in your paper because he is very famous worldwide.C If the idea is from other people, you should acknowledge them.D Before you use somebody else’s document, you should ask for permission.4. Which of the following is unacceptable in terms of sharing credit?A If I want to reuse the graph and picture of my paper that has been previously published, I still ask for the permission and copyright from the publisher.B I have to make sure that it is really my work before I claim my contribution in the paper.C I am generous to collaborators in some cases that their contributions are not very clear cut.D I claim in my paper that the idea is just from myself and has nothing to do other discussants so that all the contributions are owing to me.5. What does “take credit” means in the video?A Take your credit card.B Claim your contributions.C Guarantee that your results are credible.D Be honest while discussing with others scholars.6. What do the IEEE journals rely on to determine the order of authorship?A Authors’ contributions.B The alphabet of authors’ names.C Seniority.D Radom.7. What should you do if you don’t know the reference format?A Simply follow the reference format in one of your referenced paper.B Just use your custom reference format.C Follow the instructions of the conference or the journal.D Try a variety of formats in your reference list.8. Which format for citing references is not right?A [10] studies the strategic implications of forward contracting in commodity markets that exhibit an oligopolistic structure.B The strategic implications of forward contracting in commodity markets that exhibit an oligopolistic structure have been studied [10].C Liski and Montero studied the strategic implications of forward contracting in commodity markets that exhibit an oligopolistic structure [10].D Reference [10] studies the dynamic vehicle routing problem.9. Which statement of the following is NOT right about the importance of attending academic conferences?A Academic conference is very important for professors, but it is unworthy for students.B Academic conference is a place where we can exchange ideas and acquire the most up-to-date information and ideas.C We are able to meet colleagues and join the research networks of the academic conference.D There is a career opportunity in attending the conference for students.10. What activities can you choose to participate in during an academic conference?A Plenary and keynote speech.B Panel discussion session.C Paper presentation session.D All the above.11. Which statement in an academic conference is NOT correct?A Panel discussion often discusses the important issues on a specific topic and invites the panelists to sit in front of the stage.B Plenary and keynote speech often discusses the future development and research directions.C Attendants are advised to the plenary and keynote speeches.D Paper presentation requires an author of the paper to present the paper as long as one likes.12. What’s the poster session?A The authors of the paper make a poster in the specified area.B A session with many posters which aim to promote the conference.C If the attendees are interested in your poster, they will buy the poster.D The authors show their contributions using a poster without oral presentation or discussion with others.13. What should you NOT do if you want to meet the session chair?A Submit my bio information before the session starts.B Meet the session chair at authors’ breakfast.C Chat with the session chair during others’ presentation.D Locate my session and be aware of the arrangement ahead of time.14. Which one is not necessary for the authors before making presentations?A Read the program carefully.B Locate your session.C Take part in other sessions.D Be aware of the time and the slot for your presentation.15. What should you NOT do in the session of an academic conference?A Prepare the slides strictly according to the time limit of the schedule.B Answer questions at the session.C Do not show up in the arranged session and others can communicate with me by E-mail.D Meet session chair before the session starts.16. What main benefits you will get if you volunteer to serve the academic community?A Earn money.B No benefits but simply for personal interest.C Build a good relation with the colleagues in your field.D Get offers from famous professors who attend the conference.17. Which one of the following is NOT the reason for a scholar to provide academic service?A Academic service is a way to integrate into the world of science and technology.B Academic service is a way to have an influence in international academic community.C Academic service is paid much.D Academic service proves that you play an important role in academic community.18. What is the benefit from serving as a reviewer for a journal or conference?A Keep one up in the field.B Maintain critical skill.C Enhance curriculum vitae for students.D All the above.19. Which one is NOT included in the reviewing tasks?A Provide rating scales on quality and publishability.B Provide rating scales on the originality or creativity.C Help the authors to modify the paper.D Give comments on the correctness of the method.20. Which statement about reviewer is NOT true?A The reviewer may encourage the author to improve the paper.B If you are a reviewer, you should keep confidentiality.C You are responsible to give comments to the author whether the paper is accepted or rejected.D You only need to be specific and constructive to the beginning authors.21. Which one is not essential to be a good reviewer?A You have to volunteer to be a reviewer first.B You should provide a good review.C You need to have the experience of reviewing papers from all regions.D You should have credibility on reviewing papers.22. What should you do if you want to become an associate editor?A Publish at least five papers in the journal to know the standard and practice.B Have a reputation to provide good reviews in a timely fashion.C Be a leading researcher in a variety of areas with a good list of publications.D Find a good advocate to speak for you, usually a primary editor is enough.23. Which statement about accepting or declining to handle papers is NOT true?A You cannot handle papers only in your narrow areas of expertise.B You cannot accept all the papers in all areas.C You need to handle papers in our primary and secondary areas of expertise.D Once you accept the paper to handle, the first task is to tell the author about this.24. Which statement about securing reviewers is NOT true?A Usually you should assign the review task to the reviewers four to six days ahead.B You should glance over the paper to roughly understand what the paper is about.C In choosing the reviewers, one of the important principle is that we should align the interest of the reviewers with ours.D If you actually need minimum 3 reviewers, you need to properly find five or even six candidate reviewers.25. In order to avoid conflict of interest and preserve confidentiality, what should you do?A Ask the advisor the review students’ paper because the advisor clearly know the paper.B If Reviewer A has total different view to Author B, you should not ask Reviewer A to review Author B’s paper to avoid conflict.C You should let the reviewers and author know each other for better communication.D Send emails to all the reviewers simultaneously for saving effort.26. When you handle the paper and find it interesting, which behavior is correct?A You can just directly use the information.B You should communicate with the author as an associate editor or editor.C You should communicate with the author as a researcher to request to share some information.D You should tell the author that you are handling his paper.27. What should you NOT do to prepare a recommendation or decision letter?A Combine reviewers' comments and your own reading of the paper to provide an appropriate, impartial, and constructive recommendation.B Provide a general comment, and also the specifics of the recommendation, the analysis of the reviews, and justification for your recommendation.C Tell which part to cut, how the paper should be reorganized, how the paper should be revised.D If you recommend to reject the paper, you can simply do it without explanation.28. What is NOT allowed in the recommendation of an associated editor?A Provide a general comment.B Provide the specifics of the recommendation.C Provide the analysis of the reviewer.D Provide the information of all reviewers.29. Which statement about handling the resubmitted paper is NOT true?A We only need to ask the reviewers with critical comments previously on the revised version for conditionally accepted papers.B For revise and resubmit papers, have a mix of new and old reviewers to do a thorough and complete reviews.C We need to ask all the reviewers to handle the conditionally accepted papers.D The reviewers should be provided with the document detailing how the previous comments were addressed.30. As an associate editor or editor, when you suffer some difficulties, what should you do?A Report the difficulties early.B It’s our duty to handle the papers, so we should solve the difficulties by ourselves.C If you are busy, delay the task of handling papers and do it when you are free.D Simply ask another editor to take place of you.31. Which one is true according to the communication protocol?A Once you receive a request on paper handling, you need to response as soon as possible.B In all journals, the associate editor can directly communicate with editor in chief.C If you are busy with your personal affairs, you can response after the deadline.D Never report progress if it is negative.32. What should you NOT do as the session chair?A You need to read the program carefully and locate your session to chair.B You have to identify your session authors, collect bios information and check the facility beforeyour session starts.C You should control the presentation time and follow the schedule.D When you find there are several authors no show, you should combine the session with somebody else, who is unsigned.33. Which of the statement is TRUE for a conference session chair?A If some attendees registered on site attending a session, invited them to make a presentation.B To stimulate Q AND A, you should appoint one of the audience to ask questions.C To stimulate Q AND A, you should ask a question yourself first.D You should report only the number of attendees to the program committee.第四章1. What are the considerations on choosing research topics?A Demand from social and economic developmentB Curiosity and personal interestsC Combing social requirements with personal interestsD All the above2. Which of the following is NOT the form of interdisciplinary research?A Researchers from different fields collaborate to work on particular problemsB One from field A works on the problem of field BC One from field B works on the problem of field BD Researchers from different fields propose a new field3. If you encounter a problem in a different field, which statement is NOT true?A You may often suffer the resistance.B An outstanding result may come out from you.C You may have different angle on the problem.D You just waste your time since it is not your field.4. Which of the following is NOT advised when you are choosing a research topic?A Comprehensive understanding of the state of art in well-established areas。
英文科技论文写作与学术报告作业答案
英文科技论文写作与学术报告(2019秋)作业答案第一章1. Which one is NOT included in “logics in writing paper”?A Logical presentation in writing paperB Good language flowC Good structure and clarity in the paperD Good theoretical analysis2. Which is the CORRECT statement in the following?A If the reader want to know the result of the paper, they can read the introduction.B If the reader want to intuitively know the key ideas behind the paper, they should read the introduction.C It's optional that we summarize the contribution of the paper in the "abstract".D If the readers want to know all the glory details, they can read the introduction.3. Which of the following practice we should follow when writing scientific paper in English?A Modesty is a good characteristic in Chinese culture.B When writing scientific paper, we should point out the shortcomings of our research using a specific section.C We should confidently show the contributions of our research.D The English culture is so similar to Chinese that Chinese readers can just follow their culture when writing an English scientific paper.4. What does “delivery” means in the context of writing an Engligh scientific paper?A The meaning of “delivery” is similar to the concept of those delivery companies.B “Delivery” means the contributions of your research.C “Delivery” means how much do the writers know the background of the readers.D The “responsibility of delivery” is on the writer rather than on the reader.5. Which one is the CORRECT expression of “博士后流动站”?A Postdoctoral program.B Post-doctor mobile station.C Post-doctor flow station.D Postdoctoral moving station.6. Which of the following translation is authentic?A 注意安全 ---- take care.B 第一教学楼 ---- teaching building.C 小心落水 ---- fall into water carefully.D 投诉电话 ---- law suit phone number.7. What should we do in writing a scientific paper?A In order to emphasize our views, we should put our strong emotions into the text.B Slightly present our political comments is allowed.C We should follow the mainstream ideas of general public.D We should present facts, theories, proofs, experiments, testing results objectively.8. Which of the following is WRONG about the title of scientific paper?A It normally is not a sentence.B It is better to use the fewest possible words to adequately describes the contents of the paper.C The order of the words in the title is very important.D It is better to use a complete sentence.9. Which of the following is WRONG about the abstract of scientific paper?A It is the summary of the paper.B It is better to use abbreviation to make the abstract shorter.C It describes the key ideas of the paper.D It gives the results of the paper.10. Which is NOT advised in the introduction section?A Clearly explain the background of our research.B Clearly explain the problem we do.C Explain the academic and/or impact.D Using mathematical functions to explain our model.11. Which of the following is RIGHT regarding the literature review?A It is better to comment on the existing work positively.B It is better to comment on the existing work objectively.C It is better to comment on the existing work negatively.D It is better to criticize the results obtained by other researchers to highlight our contributions.12. Which of the following is RIGHT about the references of introduction of scientific paper?A It is better to cite as many foreign references as possible.B It is better to cite many your own previously published papers.C It is better to cite as many domestic references as possible.D Recent references should be cited13. What may the reviewer thinks if you cite too many your own publications?A You really contribute a lot to the community.B Other researchers are not interested in the subject.C You have a say in this research area.D They will think you have sufficient references.14. If the a reference has 5 authors, how many authors should you include in the reference list?A Only the first author.B Only the first and second author.C Only the first and corresponding author.D All five authors.15. What should you do in the “Problem description and formulation”?A If you clearly know the meaning of a variable, it’s ok that it is not defined.B You should present the problem you are trying to solve.C Usually you should describe your system configuration, environment and so on.D You should put the organization of your paper here.16. Which of the following statement is NOT correct?A If you have a theorem, you should put the proof in the section of “methodology.”B In the section of “simulation/numerical result”, you should present the description of the practical or experiment system, description of the data and the associated system.C In the section of “simulation/numerical result”, you can use tables, figures and graph to better present your contribution.D In the conclusion remark or the conclusion, you can just repeat your conclusion remark as the abstract.17. What you can do if you want to show acknowledgment?A It’s not appropriate to put acknowledgment i n the front page.B You can put a separate section of acknowledgment in your paper.C If you acknowledge Albert Einstein, you should thank him based on the fact.D The length of acknowledgment should be strictly constrained.18. Which is CORRECT when you list the references?A It’s ok if you put as many references as you can.B To enrich your paper, you should can list something that is not referred to in your paper.C Every reference you list must be referred in the main text.D It’s proper for you to list many home made references.19. What does “proof reading” mean?A 证明阅读.B 校对.C 证明读物.D 证明在读.20. What is TRUE if at the procedure to submit a paper?A Usually we submit the entire manuscript to a conference or journal.B All conferences require you to submit the abstract first, from which the organizer will determine whether you need to submit the whole text.C We should submit a hard copy to the publisher with your signature.D The reviewers’ comments are not very important when you modify your paper.21. If the publisher sends the proof to you, when should you give a reply?A In about 2 days.B In about 2 weeks.C In about 2 months.D In about 2 years.22. Which of the following may not be the reason to reject a scientific paper?A There are many grammatical mistakes in the paper.B There are many simple sentences in the paper.C There are many direct translations in the paper.D There are some spelling mistakes of authors' names in references.23. Which of the following is TRUE?A Font size should keep consistency only in each paragraph.B Font size should keep consistency only in each part of the paper.C Font size should keep consistency in the entire paper.D It doesn't matter how the font size used.24. Which of the following is TRUE about use of mathematical equations?A It is better to use as many equations as possible.B It is better to use as few equations as possible.C It is better not to use any equations at all.D It is better to have a balanced use of equations.25. Which statement is NOT true?A You should keep consistence in equations and reference format.B You should keep consistence in format of authors of all references.C The format between different paragraphs should be kept the same.D You should not use synonyms in order to keep consistence.26. What is NOT necessary when you want to better write your paper?A Use spelling check to make sure all the words are spelled correctly.B Use grammar check to find out inconsistency.C Carefully check the spellings of the names in references.D Use many hard and complicated sentences to polish your expressions.27. Which of the following author names may NOT be the right format of the reference?A X. Guan, S. Zhang, S. Li, W. WangB Guan, X., Zhang, S., Li, S., Wang, W.C Xiaohong Guan, San Zhang, Si Li, Wu WangD Guan Xiaohong, Zhang, S., S. Li, W. Wang28. Which is NOT the general style of the reviewers?A FrankB BrutalC SarcasticD Implicit29. If the reviewer gives a lot of critical comments and requests for modification, what are the correct attitudes we should have?A The reviewers are giving us hard time on my paper.B The reviewer is incompetent because he cannot understand what I write.C We should modify our paper according to the reviewers’ comments to get our paper published.D The reviewer is biased on me.30. Which one is NOT the good advices on responding to reviewers?A We need to examine carefully all the comments made by the reviewers and the Associate Editor.B We have to differentiate those comments that must be fully addressed from those that are desirable to be addressed.C We only need to address the comments that they are correct as we believe.D We need to respond to EACH and EVERY point raised by the reviewer and the referee.31. In order to help the reviewers save time, we shouldA List our original reviews and the response side by side.B Tell the reviewers that we have modified the paper carefully.C Send back a paper with enough modification to the reviewers.D Just select some critical comments to response.32. Which is the WRONG response to reviewers if we don’t agree with their comments?A We had better not to argue with the reviewer.B Show the reviewers that the main text is revised according to their comments.C If we must disagree with their comments, we should do it very professionally with no rancor or sarcasm.D Ignore those comments or explain what we originally meant.33. Which one is the good action in responding to reviewers?A We explain to the reviews what we have revised to addressed their comments.B If the criticism of the reviewers makes us uncomfortable, we should ignore and try to feel better.C If the reviewers think that the contributions are not enough, we should request the Associate Editor to have other reviewers review our paper.D If the reviewers think that the contributions are not enough, we should have patience, waiting they change mind.34. Which description of the review system is CORRECT?A The author knows the reviewer, but the reviewer doesn’t know the author.B The authors do not know the reviewer, but the reviewer knows the authors.C The reviewers know each other.D The author knows the reviewer, and the reviewer know the author, too.第二章1. What are the CORRECT statements in the following?A Making presentations in English is only important for scholars.B Making presentations in English is only important for businessmen.C Making presentations in English is only important for scholars and businessmen.D Making presentations in English is important for many careers.2. Which of the following is WRONG about making presentations in English?A It can make a good impression.B It can show how smart you are.C It is only necessary when you attend an academic conference.D It may be the turning point in many cases.3. Which is NOT the correct statement in the following?A You should overestimate the audience's capability to show smart they are.B You should assume responsibility of delivery.C You should make a lot of efforts to prepare your slide.D You should make a lot of efforts to practice your presentation.4. Which of the following is WRONG about using Powerpoint to make presentations?A It uses audio and visual channels of communications and more information transfer in the same amount of time.B You cannot make the last minute change under any condition.C Preparing the slides forces you to organize and rehearse you talk and help you uncover weak spots.D You can synchronize with sound recording and presenting without physical presence.5. Which statement is NOT the correct one in the following?A It is better to use multiple slides or the animation feature to control the display of information on your slide.B It is better not to make a slide crowded.C It is better not to copy texts form your thesis to the slide directly.D It is better to put many words in the slide to make your audience get the information clearly.6. Which statement about the font size in the slide is NOT mentioned in the video?A Usually the minimal font size for text is 18 points.B Occasionally in graphics 14 points can be used.C Very rarely the minimal font size for text can be 12 points.D Very rarely in detail graphs you can use 12 points.7. Which is the main function of a road map in your presentation?A To beatify your slides.B To increase the number of your slides.C To tell the audience where your talk is.D To concretely show conclusions of your research.8. Which is NOT the correct statements in the following?A It is OK to change notations half way through a talk by copying those in another talk to save efforts.B When using a graphic notation, make the graphics distinctive and use it repeatedly.C Use one consistent name or label to denote one thing throughout the talk.D Always define things, your problem statement, mathematical symbol, your goal, etc.9. Which of the following may NOT be a necessary part of presenting experimental results?A Conditionals defined.B Procedures detailed.C Diagram labeled.D Conclusions stated.10. For a 30 minutes talk, what is the appropriate number of slides?A No more than 15.B No less than 15.C No more than 10.D No less than 20.11. What is a good presentation?A Use many beautiful animations, but the content is not fulfilled.B The topic of your presentation is interesting in your aspect.C The subject of your presentation is welcomed by the audience.D The words in your slide are of large size to make the audience look clearly.12. Which is the appropriate time of preparing slides according to Prof. Ho of Harvard University?A About 5 minutes per slide with graphics.B About 15 minutes per slide with graphics.C At least 5 minutes to make one slide in presentation.D At least 15 minutes to make one slide in presentation.13. Which is NOT the correct statements in the following?A You can prepare some slides for some expected question.B You can take the questions in the rehearsal as pre-reviews.C You cannot say I don't know even if you don’t have an answer.D You can offer the approach to finding the answer if necessary.14. Which statement is NOT correct about preparing slides for expected questions?A It will impress the audience that how much efforts you made to make this presentation.B From this way you can improve your presentation in the rehearsal.C It may make the audiences difficult to raise new questions.D It can help you answer the questions better.15. What would most probably happen if you read the slides in your presentation?A It seems that you have prepared a lot.B It will make the audience easily to get bored.C It seems that you are not confident enough.D The time you spend in presentation is easily to over the limitation.16. When should you mention your main goal in making presentations?A Mention your main goal early to capture attention of the audience.B Mention your main goal at any time is Ok.C Mention your main goal late to keep audience in suspense.D Never mention your main goal at all.17. Which is NOT the correct statements in the following?A Watch where you stand when you speak.B Keep the laser pointer on all the time to attract the attention of audience.C Don't keep your hands in the pocket.D Record your talk and listen to and view it.18. Which of the following expression is proper for the speaker/audience?A What you are talking about is nothing, but general theory of relativity.B It is a stupid question, my first-year graduate student can answer that.C I have just talked about that, why did you ask such a question again.D It is really a good question, thanks for your asking.19. Which is the CORRECT statement in the following?A The speaker should answer the question before the audience finishes it to save time.B The speaker should not be polite, because it may make others feel that you are not knowledgeable.C The speaker should listen carefully before answering the question.D The speaker should say directly that your question is irrelevant.第三章1. Which statement is WRONG about sharing credit in writing scientific paper?A If your work is built on somebody else’s work, you should state clearly.B There is a harsh punishment for plagiarism.C It is acceptable to write a couple of paragraphs rephrasing other people’s words and provide a simple numbered reference.D If you list the references at the end of the paper, you should cite all the references your listed in the text.2. What should you do if you want to cite a general theory of relativity of Albert Einstein?A Just copy the original words of the theory.B Put quotations on the original words of the theory.C Using your own words to express meaning of the theory without reference.D Simply providing a numbered reference after copying the original words.3. Which of the following is NOT appropriate when you acknowledge others in your paper?A You thank someone sincerely and properly in the acknowledge section of the paper.B A scientist is not related to your paper, but you put his name in your paper because he is very famous worldwide.C If the idea is from other people, you should acknowledge them.D Before you use somebody else’s d ocument, you should ask for permission.4. Which of the following is unacceptable in terms of sharing credit?A If I want to reuse the graph and picture of my paper that has been previously published, I still ask for the permission and copyright from the publisher.B I have to make sure that it is really my work before I claim my contribution in the paper.C I am generous to collaborators in some cases that their contributions are not very clear cut.D I claim in my paper that the idea is just from myself and has nothing to do other discussants so that all the contributions are owing to me.5. What does “take credit” means in the video?A Take your credit card.B Claim your contributions.C Guarantee that your results are credible.D Be honest while discussing with others scholars.6. What do the IEEE journals rely on to determine the order of authorship?A Authors’ contributions.B The alphabet of authors’ names.C Seniority.D Radom.7. What should you do if you don’t know the reference format?A Simply follow the reference format in one of your referenced paper.B Just use your custom reference format.C Follow the instructions of the conference or the journal.D Try a variety of formats in your reference list.8. Which format for citing references is not right?A [10] studies the strategic implications of forward contracting in commodity markets that exhibit an oligopolistic structure.B The strategic implications of forward contracting in commodity markets that exhibit an oligopolistic structure have been studied [10].C Liski and Montero studied the strategic implications of forward contracting in commodity markets that exhibit an oligopolistic structure [10].D Reference [10] studies the dynamic vehicle routing problem.9. Which statement of the following is NOT right about the importance of attending academic conferences?A Academic conference is very important for professors, but it is unworthy for students.B Academic conference is a place where we can exchange ideas and acquire the most up-to-date information and ideas.C We are able to meet colleagues and join the research networks of the academic conference.D There is a career opportunity in attending the conference for students.10. What activities can you choose to participate in during an academic conference?A Plenary and keynote speech.B Panel discussion session.C Paper presentation session.D All the above.11. Which statement in an academic conference is NOT correct?A Panel discussion often discusses the important issues on a specific topic and invites the panelists to sit in front of the stage.B Plenary and keynote speech often discusses the future development and research directions.C Attendants are advised to the plenary and keynote speeches.D Paper presentation requires an author of the paper to present the paper as long as one likes.12. What’s the poster session?A The authors of the paper make a poster in the specified area.B A session with many posters which aim to promote the conference.C If the attendees are interested in your poster, they will buy the poster.D The authors show their contributions using a poster without oral presentation or discussion with others.13. What should you NOT do if you want to meet the session chair?A Submit my bio information before the session starts.B Meet the session chair at authors’ breakfast.C Chat with the session chair during others’ presentation.D Locate my session and be aware of the arrangement ahead of time.14. Which one is not necessary for the authors before making presentations?A Read the program carefully.B Locate your session.C Take part in other sessions.D Be aware of the time and the slot for your presentation.15. What should you NOT do in the session of an academic conference?A Prepare the slides strictly according to the time limit of the schedule.B Answer questions at the session.C Do not show up in the arranged session and others can communicate with me by E-mail.D Meet session chair before the session starts.16. What main benefits you will get if you volunteer to serve the academic community?A Earn money.B No benefits but simply for personal interest.C Build a good relation with the colleagues in your field.D Get offers from famous professors who attend the conference.17. Which one of the following is NOT the reason for a scholar to provide academic service?A Academic service is a way to integrate into the world of science and technology.B Academic service is a way to have an influence in international academic community.C Academic service is paid much.D Academic service proves that you play an important role in academic community.18. What is the benefit from serving as a reviewer for a journal or conference?A Keep one up in the field.B Maintain critical skill.C Enhance curriculum vitae for students.D All the above.19. Which one is NOT included in the reviewing tasks?A Provide rating scales on quality and publishability.B Provide rating scales on the originality or creativity.C Help the authors to modify the paper.D Give comments on the correctness of the method.20. Which statement about reviewer is NOT true?A The reviewer may encourage the author to improve the paper.B If you are a reviewer, you should keep confidentiality.C You are responsible to give comments to the author whether the paper is accepted or rejected.D You only need to be specific and constructive to the beginning authors.21. Which one is not essential to be a good reviewer?A You have to volunteer to be a reviewer first.B You should provide a good review.C You need to have the experience of reviewing papers from all regions.D You should have credibility on reviewing papers.22. What should you do if you want to become an associate editor?A Publish at least five papers in the journal to know the standard and practice.B Have a reputation to provide good reviews in a timely fashion.C Be a leading researcher in a variety of areas with a good list of publications.D Find a good advocate to speak for you, usually a primary editor is enough.23. Which statement about accepting or declining to handle papers is NOT true?A You cannot handle papers only in your narrow areas of expertise.B You cannot accept all the papers in all areas.C You need to handle papers in our primary and secondary areas of expertise.D Once you accept the paper to handle, the first task is to tell the author about this.24. Which statement about securing reviewers is NOT true?A Usually you should assign the review task to the reviewers four to six days ahead.B You should glance over the paper to roughly understand what the paper is about.C In choosing the reviewers, one of the important principle is that we should align the interest of the reviewers with ours.D If you actually need minimum 3 reviewers, you need to properly find five or even six candidate reviewers.25. In order to avoid conflict of interest and preserve confidentiality, what should you do?A Ask the advisor the review students’ paper because the advisor clearly know the paper.B If Reviewer A has total different view to Author B, you should not ask Reviewer A to review Author B’s paper to avoid conflict.C You should let the reviewers and author know each other for better communication.D Send emails to all the reviewers simultaneously for saving effort.26. When you handle the paper and find it interesting, which behavior is correct?A You can just directly use the information.B You should communicate with the author as an associate editor or editor.C You should communicate with the author as a researcher to request to share some information.D You should tell the author that you are handling his paper.27. What should you NOT do to prepare a recommendation or decision letter?A Combine reviewers' comments and your own reading of the paper to provide an appropriate, impartial, and constructive recommendation.B Provide a general comment, and also the specifics of the recommendation, the analysis of the reviews, and justification for your recommendation.C Tell which part to cut, how the paper should be reorganized, how the paper should be revised.D If you recommend to reject the paper, you can simply do it without explanation.28. What is NOT allowed in the recommendation of an associated editor?A Provide a general comment.B Provide the specifics of the recommendation.C Provide the analysis of the reviewer.D Provide the information of all reviewers.29. Which statement about handling the resubmitted paper is NOT true?A We only need to ask the reviewers with critical comments previously on the revised version for conditionally accepted papers.B For revise and resubmit papers, have a mix of new and old reviewers to do a thorough and complete reviews.C We need to ask all the reviewers to handle the conditionally accepted papers.D The reviewers should be provided with the document detailing how the previous comments were addressed.30. As an associate editor or editor, when you suffer some difficulties, what should you do?A Report the difficulties early.B It’s our duty to handle the papers, so we should solv e the difficulties by ourselves.C If you are busy, delay the task of handling papers and do it when you are free.D Simply ask another editor to take place of you.31. Which one is true according to the communication protocol?A Once you receive a request on paper handling, you need to response as soon as possible.B In all journals, the associate editor can directly communicate with editor in chief.C If you are busy with your personal affairs, you can response after the deadline.D Never report progress if it is negative.32. What should you NOT do as the session chair?A You need to read the program carefully and locate your session to chair.B You have to identify your session authors, collect bios information and check the facility before your session starts.C You should control the presentation time and follow the schedule.D When you find there are several authors no show, you should combine the session with somebody else, who is unsigned.33. Which of the statement is TRUE for a conference session chair?A If some attendees registered on site attending a session, invited them to make a presentation.B To stimulate Q AND A, you should appoint one of the audience to ask questions.C To stimulate Q AND A, you should ask a question yourself first.D You should report only the number of attendees to the program committee.第四章1. What are the considerations on choosing research topics?A Demand from social and economic development。
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科技论文写作A第1次作业一、不定项选择题(有不定个选项正确，共9道小题)1.?科技论文具有（????）?[不选全或者选错，不算完成]??(A)?创新性??(B)?艺术性??(C)?专业性??(D)?应用性??(E)?科学性正确答案：A C D E解答参考：2.?科技论文写作应遵循（????）原则。
?[不选全或者选错，不算完成]??(A)?严谨周密??(B)?简洁务实??(C)?跌宕起伏??(D)?符合标准??(E)?形散神不散正确答案：A B D解答参考：3.?本科毕业设计（论文）可分为（??????）?[不选全或者选错，不算完成]??(A)?理论型??(B)?设计型??(C)?实验型??(D)?描述型??(E)?调研型正确答案：A B C E解答参考：4.?本科毕业设计（论文）的选题应注意（????）?[不选全或者选错，不算完成] ??(A)?选题的价值??(B)?选题的可行性??(C)?选题的思想性??(D)?选题与专业的关联性??(E)?选题的趣味性正确答案：A B E解答参考：5.?本科毕业设计（论文）选题的价值主要体现在（????）?[不选全或者选错，不算完成]??(A)?选题的新颖性??(B)?选题的思想性??(C)?选题的简便性??(D)?选题的现实针对性??(E)?选题的艺术性正确答案：A D解答参考：6.?本科毕业设计（论文）的摘要一般包括（??????）?[不选全或者选错，不算完成] ??(A)?研究目的??(B)?研究方法??(C)?研究细节??(D)?研究结果??(E)?研究结论正确答案：A B D E解答参考：7.?本科毕业设计（论文）的关键词可以是（?????）[不选全或者选错，不算完成]??(A)?一个词条??(B)?三个词条??(C)?四个词条??(D)?五个词条??(E)?六个词条正确答案：B C D解答参考：8.?本科毕业设计（论文）正文内容包括（????）?[不选全或者选错，不算完成] ??(A)?绪论??(B)?转折??(C)?过渡??(D)?主体??(E)?结论正确答案：A D E解答参考：9.?本科毕业设计（论文）的绪论一般包括（?????）[不选全或者选错，不算完成]??(A)?本科毕业设计（论文）的绪论一般包括（?ABCD??）??(B)?国内外文献综述??(C)?本研究的来源及主要研究内容??(D)?研究的基本思路与采用的方法??(E)?主要结论正确答案：A B C D解答参考：（注意：若有主观题目，请按照题目，离线完成，完成后纸质上交学习中心，记录成绩。
在线只需提交客观题答案。
)二、主观题(共26道小题)10.??《科技论文写作A》与《科技论文写作B》是什么关系？?答：?科技论文写作分为《科技论文写作A》和《?科技论文写作B?》两门课程。
其中《科技论文写作A》着重讲解如何撰写本科毕业设计（论文）和专科毕业报告，?《?科技论文写作B?》主要介绍除毕业设计（论文）、毕业报告之外的其他各种科技论文的写作知识。
?11.?学习科技论文写作应采取什么方法？?答：?应采取知行结合的方法，具体而言，就是理论联系实际，强化实践、练习在教学中的关键作用。
科技论文写作是一门实践性很强的课程，只有通过大量的阅读、思考、实践、练习，我们的科技写作能力才能得到提高。
?12.?什么是科技论文？?答：?科技论文主要是指对科学技术领域的新见解、新成果、新知识、新进展进行论述的文章。
? 13.?科技论文可分为那几种类型？?答：?理论型：如《对“媒介即信息”理论的再思考》实证型：如《厌氧氨氧化处理养殖废水启动试验研究》?设计型：如《网络虚拟校园系统设计》?描述型：如《试论转轨以来俄罗斯总统制的特点及其影响》?14.?本科毕业设计（论文）和学位论文、科技论文是什么关系？?答：本科毕业设计（论文）是学位论文的一种，学位论文（包括学士、硕士、博士学位论文）是科技论文的一种。
?15.?本科毕业设计（论文）有何重要价值？?答：撰写毕业设计（论文）是本科教学的重要环节，对培养学生综合运用所学的基础知识和基本理论去分析、解决专业问题的能力具有重要意义；是学生学习成果的综合体现，是检验教学质量、进行学位资格认证的重要依据。
?16.?本科毕业设计（论文）从开始到完成，主要包括哪些环节？答：本科毕业设计（论文）从开始到完成，主要包括选题、开题、填写任务书、研究与设计、撰写初稿、修改、定稿等七个环节。
?17.?开题报告主要包括哪些内容？?答：?开题报告主要包括如下期方面内容：?选题理由：选题的必要性、选题的可行性?研究方法：实验法？调研法？文献法？内容分析法？文本阐释法？?基本结构：论文有那几部分构成？各部分内容？?主要结论：主要观点?进度安排：完成设计（论文）的时间表?参考文献：对本设计（论文）有参考价值的专着、论文18.?本科毕业设计（论文）草稿的修改主要应注意哪些问题？?答：本科毕业设计（论文）草稿的修改主要应注意下列问题：?是否符合毕业设计（论文）规范？?草稿包含了所有的信息？是否有多余的信息？?草稿包含的所有信息都准确无误？?草稿中的内容是否组织合理？?语言表达是否清楚、简洁？有无别字病句？??19.?在自己的专业范围内列出三个科技论文选题，对比分析其价值、可行性，筛选出一个作为本科毕业设计（论文）的选题，并草拟一份开题报告。
?答：1工程变更对造价管理的影响；2项目管理与工程造价控制；3浅议工程量清单计价方式与招投标。
?选题：浅议工程量清单计价方式与招投标?一、选题理由：通过对目前建筑行业的清单计价方式和招投标的论述，使我们在三年中所学的零散的清单计价方式和招投标的知识，得到全面的复习和总结。
?二、研究方法：(1)深入了解工程量清单和招投标的概念(2)依据国家颁布的统一工程项目划分，统一计量单位和统一的工程量计算规则，根据施工图纸计算工程量，并提供招标单位投标报价，来参与竞标。
?(3)国内外研究现状?(4)针对该课题自己的研究?(5)研究中存在的还有待于研究的其他问题?(6)综述?三、基本结构：1、工程量清单计价???1.1?工程量清单计价的概念???1.2?工程量清单计价的特点???1.3?实行工程量清单计价目的、意义?2、工程招投标???2.1?招投标的概念?2.2?我国招投标的主要类型和发展史?3、工程量清单计价模式下实施招投标工作的主要程序???3.1?招标阶段???3.2?投标阶段???3.3评标阶段?4、总结四、主要结论：主要目的是让我们可以更详细的了解工程量清单计价与招投标过程，以及它们的优缺点。
?五、进度安排：?16.2.28----16.3.5???????阅读设计任务书，分析设计课题，熟悉课题要求?16.3.7-----16.3.18??????充分进行调研，收集第一手资料并进行分析?16.3.19----16.3.30??????交开题报告（电子版）?16.4.6----16.4.29???????根据所定题目，查阅相关资料，完成初稿?16.4.30----16.5.5???????根据指导老师要求进行修改、整理，完成二稿?16.5.6----16.5.10???????毕业指导老师指导格式的调整?16.5.11----16.5.23??????返校,完成终稿?16.5.29----16.5.30??????毕业论文装订成册，准备毕业答辩?六、参考文献：?[1]路勇．工程量清单下的工程招投标管理[J]．论坛，2007．?[2]王高远．工程量清单计价模式下的工程招标与投标[J]．兰州工业高等专科学校学报，2005．?[3]张光明，张燕．工程量清单计价模式下的投标决策[J]．油气田地面工程，2007．?[4]褚振文．工程量清单计价模式下招投标研究[J]．合肥工业大学学报，2007．?[5]李玲．浅谈工程量清单计价模式与招标投标的相关问题[J]．芜湖职业技术学院学报，2007．[6]马建梅.工程量清单计价方式与招投标[J].内蒙古煤炭经济.2004年第3期?20.?西南交通大学网络教育本科毕业设计（论文）的基本要求是什么？答：我校网络学院土木、机械、电气、交通运输、计算机、设计等专业的学生按要求完成设计和设计说明书，其他理工科专业的学生按要求完成定性分析或定量计算。
人文、社科、管理类专业的学生完成毕业论文。
毕业设计说明书或毕业论文的字数不少于8000字。
??21.?本科毕业设计（论文）的格式包括哪些要素？?答：本科毕业设计（论文）的格式包括下面几个要素：?标题?摘要?关键词?正文（绪论、主体、结论）?致谢?参考文献?附录（非必备要素）22.?本科毕业设计（论文）的标题、关键词各有哪些具体要求？?答：?本科毕业设计（论文）的标题应当恰当、准确地反映研究内容。
中文题目不超过25字，不设副标题。
?本科毕业设计（论文）的关键词是供检索用的主题词条，应采用能覆盖毕业设计（论文）主要内容的通用技术词条（参照相应的技术术语标准）。
关键词一般列3～5个，按词条的外延层次排列（外延大的排在前面）。
?23.?撰写本科毕业设计（论文）的摘要有哪些注意事项？?答：a.?结构严谨，表达简明，语义确切。
?b.?应摒弃本学科领域已成为常识的内容，一般无需对论文内容作诠释和评论。
?????c.?用第三人称，不必使用“本文”、“作者”等作为主语。
?d.?使用规范化的名词术语，缩略语在首次出现时必须加以说明。
?e.?除了实在无法变通以外，一般不用数学公式和化学结构式，不出现插图、表格。
?f.?一般不加引注。
24.?如何撰写本科毕业设计（论文）的致谢？?答：?本科毕业设计（论文）的致谢是对导师和其他给予指导、帮助的组织和个人表示感谢。
内容应简洁明了、实事求是，字数不超过500字。
?25.?给下列资料拟写标题、摘要和关键词。
?一、引言???由于电子商务与传统交易形态上的不同，将交易过程由实体环境转移到虚拟的网络环境上。
物流取代了实体商店成为商家与消费者的互动界面，从某种角度来看，物流在很大程度上决定了消费者的体验，影响消费者的下一次购买决定。
尽管物流不是在中国的电子商务市场企业能否取得成功的唯一决定性因素，但它确是电子商务价值链上的关键环节。
很多电子商务企业都意识到了这一点，都在这方面不遗余力，投入资金往往高达十几个亿。
既然物流服务对B2C电子商务零售商如此重要，那么我们到底应该如何理解物流服务质量，又应当如何评估物流服务质量？???二、网络购物的物流服务质量相关研究???第一，物流服务质量。
对物流服务质量最具代表性的定义当推Perreault和Russ（1974）的7Rs 定义，该定义以物流服务所创造的时间、地点效用为基础，认为物流服务质量是指企业能在恰当的时间，恰当的地点，以适当的价格和方式，为需要的顾客提供适合的产品和服务，使顾客的个性化需求得到满足，价值得到提升的过程。