条件式,直陈式

条件式,直陈式
条件式,直陈式

原创]条件式分词式语法总结!

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Grammaire –条件式

I. 条件式现在时le conditionnel présent

1. 构成方法(la formation):

由动词简单将来时的词跟,加上直陈式为完成过去时的词尾(ais, ais, ait, ions, iez, aient)组成,无一例外。

Parler

je parlerais / tu parlerais / il parlerait / nous parlerions / vous parliez / ils parlaient Avoir

j’aurais / tu aurais / il aurait / nous aurions / vous auriez / ils auraient

Etre

je serais / tu serais / il serait / nous serions / vous seriez / ils seraient

2. 用法(l’emploi):

有两种用法:

1) 用在主从复合句中(la phrase subordonnée)的主句中,表示在某种假设条件下,可能发生的情况。从句用连词si来引导,主句和从句的动词搭配情况如下:

从句(la proposition subordonnée) 表示假设:

si + 直陈式未完成过去时

主句(la proposition principale) 表示可能:

条件式现在时

a) 表示现在与实际相反的情况:

Si j’avais de l’argent, j’achèterais ce livre.

S’il n’y avait pas le parti communiste chinois, il n’y aurait pas la Chine nouvelle.

b) 表示将来可能发生的情况:

Si vous veniez ici, je vous le dirais.

Si j’avais le temps demain, je partirais pour la campagne.

2) 用于独立句(la phrase indépendante) 中,表示愿望、请求、建议、推测:

J’aimerais voir le film policier. (愿望)

Seriez-vous M. Paul? (推测)

Voudriez-vous me dire ce qu’on a fait. (请求)

Vous feriez mieux de suivre son conceil. (建议)

N.B. :

1. 条件式现在时,只表示在某一假设条件下,引出的结果,并不是条件本身,所以不能用在以Si引导的从句中。

2. 在以Si引导的表示假设与可能的主从复合句中,也可以用直陈式。此时,从句只表示条件,假设成分很小,实现的可能性大。从句不能用简单将来时。

Si je ne suis pas pris ce soir, j’irai participer au marriage de M. Wang de la part de mo n frère.

II. 条件式过去时le passéconditionnel

1. 构成方法(la formation):

助动词avoir或être的条件式现在时,加上有关动词的过去分词:

j’aurais parlé

je serais allé(e)

je me serais levé(e)

2. 用法(l’emploi)

有三种:

1) 用于主从复合句中,条件式的过去时,用来表示在某种条件下,过去可能发生而事实上未实现的动作。条件从句表示某种条件,用si + 直陈式越过去时。主句用条件式过去时,表示动作并没有实现,只是事后的一种设想。

Si vous étiez venu en classe, vous auriez compris le sens de ce texte.

Si j’avais eu le temps, je serais allé au cinema.

条件从句也可以用副词、副词短语、副动词等来代替:

Sinon, nous serions partis pour Jilin.

A votre place (=Si j’avais été à votre place), j’aurais fait comme ?a.

En regardant la television hier soir, vous auriez su ce q ui s’ était passé avant hier.

2) 单独使用,用于独立句中:

a) 表示愿望、惋惜、不满、遗憾……

Vous auriez pu faire beaucoup de progress.

Vous auriez d?me le dire plus t?t possible.

Vous auriez d?voir le médecin.

b) 用来表示已经发生,但不十分肯定,有待于证实的事情,常见于新闻报道中:

D’après la radio, une delegation chinoise serait allée en France hier.

A ce qu’on a dit, il aurait été élu le chef de classe.

3) 条件式过去时作为一种新的时态,是过去先将来时,属于直陈式的范围,表示在另一个过去将来的动作发生之前,发生并未完成的动作,或在过去将来的某个时刻之前,完成的动作:

Il disait qu’il irait en ville quand son père serait retourné.

Il m’a dit que sa soeur serait venue demain.

N.B. :这四个时态,可以通用:

Si j’ étais jeune, j’aurais fait cela.

Si j’avais abonné le livre, je ne l’achèterais pas.

Grammaire---分词式

I. 分词式(le participe)

分词是动词的形容词形式,兼有动词和形容词的性质。作为动词表示动作;作为形容词,修饰名词或代词。分词有三种形式:现在分词、过去分词、复合过去分词。

II. 现在分词(le participle present)

1. 构成方法(la formation):

除了avoir, être, savoir以外,其余动词去掉直陈式现在时复数第一人称词尾-ons,加ant。 ex.:

laver: nous lavons—lavant

finir: nous finissons—finissant

faire: nous faisons—faisant

avoir, être, savoir的现在分词构成特殊:

avoir: ayant

être: étant

savoir: sachant

2. 用法(l’emploi)

作为动词没有人称性数变化,一般表示主动动作,可以有自己的宾语、状语等附属成分,在句中修饰名词或代词(即动词的施动者)。动作的时间,与句中的主要动词相同。多用于书面,口语尽量不用。作为形容词有性数变化。作为动词用:

1)在句中作定语,相当于一个形容词性从句:(关系代词qui 引导)

a)限定性从句:

J’ai vu des enfants courant dans la cour.

Le camarade se trouvant près du bureau est noter directeur.

修饰代词时,可以与人称代词之间隔开一个谓语:

Je l’ai vu marchant sur la glace.

Je la revois lisant aux enfants au coin du feu.

b)解释性从句,可以用逗号隔开:

Poil de Carotte, jouant àrien sous la table, se dresse et dit avec timidité: “Mais j’ai pe ur aussi.”

(=qui joue à rien…)

Une foule immence, venant de l’avenue, (=qui vient de l’avenue) avance avec des millier s de drapeaux rouges.

2)在句中作同位语,起状语从句作用:

Voyant que(=quand il voit) personne ne l’observait, il est entré.

Etant malade, il est allévoir le médecin.(表示原因)

Faisant un voyage, vous conna?trez beaucoup de chose. (表条件=Si…)

3)其并列句作用:

Le professeur ouvrit la porte, entrant(=et entra) dans la classe.

Il marche, causant avec son collègue.

作形容词用:

有性数变化,表示性质,人们称为动形容词(l’adjectif verbial)在句中作形容与或表语。 Ces enfants sont charmants.

Un héros vivant.

Il parle d’un air méprisant(souriant) avec l’autrui.

III. 过去分词(le participle passé)

除了和助动词一起构成复合时态,或被动态以外,还可以单独使用。根据动词的性质,表示不同的意义。

1. 直接及物动词的过去分词表示被动概念:

L’article écrit par M. Paul.

2. 不及物动词的过去分词,表示动作的完成:

Descendu dans la rue, il appela un taxi.

单独使用在句子中可以作形容语(l’ épithète), 同位语(l’apposition), 定语(complement d’ éterminatif), 表语(l’attribut), 过去分词后边可以接补语、状语…

1).作形容语(l’ épithète).

La porte entrouverte.

La rue encombrée.

2).作表语(l’attribut)

Les fenêtres restaient ouvertes toute la nuit.

La table est couverte d’une nappe blanche.

3).作同位语(l’apposition)

Entrédans la classe, il est assis àsa place.

4).作定语(le complement determinative):

Le livre achetépar M.Pierre.

la règle mise sur la table.

IV. 复合过去分词(le participle passécompose)

1.构成方法(la formation):

由助动词avoir或être的现在分词,加上有关动词的过去分词。

主动态:ayant fait

étant arrive

s’ étant levé

被动态:ayant étéfait

2.用法(l’emploi):

和现在分词基本相同,作名词的定语、同位语,不同点是,表示在主要动词动作以前完成的动作。多用于书面语。

1)修饰名词,作定语:

Voilà un livre ayant été acheté de l’ étranger.

Un home ayant beaucoup voyage a beaucoup vu.

2)作同位语,起副词性从句状语作用:

Ayant passéles examens, la plupart des étudiants sont rentrés chez eux.

Etant arrivés trop tard à l’ école, nous avons manqué un cours de fran?ais.

V. 独立分词句(la proposition de participle absolu)

同位分词如果有自己的主语,就构成了独立分词句,亦称绝对分词句。在句中作状语从句,表示时间,原因,条件……。

1.原因(la cause):

Le temp s’ étant gaté, nous avons d? rester à la maison.

2.时间(le temps):

Le train(étant) arrivé, les voyageurs y montèrent.

3.条件(la condition)

L’occasion(étant)venue, nous en profiterions.(=si l’occasion était venue…)

4.让步(la concession)

La cloche ayant étésonnée, notre cour continue encore.

(=Bien que la cloche a été sonnée,…)

真实条件句,虚拟语气.

当我们陈述了一个事实,而又不是很有把握,就可以在陈述句后加一个简短问句,称为反意疑问句。首先看以下例句:(1) You like calssical music, don't you? 你也喜欢古典音乐,对吗?(2 He lived in Vienna, too,didn't he? 他也住在维也纳,对吗?(3)Your parents can swim, can't they? 你父母会游泳,是吗?(4) Tony doesn't like classical music,does he? 托尼不喜欢古典音乐,对吗?(5) This music isn't very popular, is it? 这音乐并非十分流行,对吗?从以上句子可以看出,反意疑问句是由“助动词/ 系动词be(肯定或否定)+主语(代词)” 构成的。在反意疑问句的构成中要注意以下几点: 1.前面当陈述句如果是肯定的,反意疑问句就要用否定形式,如(1)、(2)、(3);前面的陈述句如果是否定的,反意疑问句就要用肯定形式,如(4)、(5); 2.反意疑问句的主语必须是代替前面主语的代词; 3.翻译疑问句的谓语动词在时态和人称上要与前面陈述句谓语动词保持一致。陈述句部分如果有标识否定意义的词,反意疑问句要用肯定式。如:They have never visited his home, have they? 他们从来没有到他家玩过,是吧?在回答反意疑问句时,要特别注意英、汉两种语言习惯的差别。试看下面当例句:——Mr Smith isn't American, is he? 史密斯先生不是美国人,对吧?——Oh yes, he is.不对,他是美国人。可以看出,在英语中,无论问题是怎样问的,只要答语的事实是肯定句,就要用YES;只要答语的事实是否定的,就要用NO. 编辑本段英语18种特殊的反意疑问句介绍 1.祈使句。祈使句后一般加上will you或won't you构成反意疑问句,用will you 多表示“请求”,用won't you 多表示提醒对方注意。例如:Look at the blackboard, will you/ won't you?看黑板,好吗?Let引导的祈使句有两种情况:1Let's...,后的反意疑问句用shall we或shan't we。例如:Let's go home, shall we/ shan't we? 回家吧,好吗?还可以用may I来表示征求对方的同意或许可。2Let us/me...后的反意疑问句用will you或won't you。例如: Let me have a try, will you/won't you? 让我试一试,行吗? 2.感叹句。感叹句后加反意疑问句时,其反意疑问句需用be的一般现在时态的否定形式。例如:What fine weather, isn't it? 多好的天气啊,是吧? 3. 当陈述部分谓语动词是need, dare, used to,且这些词被用作实义动词时,其反意疑问句需用do的适当形

if条件句中的虚拟语气讲解

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一般现在时(完整版)

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汽车了。 If there were no subjective mood,English would be much easier. 要是没有虚拟语气,英语就会容易得多了。 If I knew his telephone number,I would ring him up. 我要是知道他的电话号码,我就给他打电话了。 If I were you, I would go there at once. If my classmates were here, they would help me. If I were you, I would accept the job. If classes were smaller, children would learn more. If I were ten years younger, I would start all over again. If I had enough money, I would buy a large house. If I had time, I would go shopping with you. If I knew all the answers to all your questions, I would be a genius. If he were here now, we would ask him about it. If I had time, I would study French. If I knew her number, I could ring her. (可惜我不知道) If there were no gravity, we should not be able to walk. (实际上地球引力始终存在。) If I knew the answer, I would tell you. (实际上我确实不知道,所以肯定不能告诉你。) If I had money on me, I would lend you some.

条件句练习及答案

条件句 ( )1. I don’t know if it ______tomorrow. If it ______,we won’t go on a picnic. A.rains;rains B. will rain;rain C. will rain;will rain ( )2. In summer , food goes bad easily ________ it is put in the refrigerator. A. until B. if C. unless ( )3. --I hear Jack Chan will come to Laiwu next week. --Really? _______ he comes, my younger sister will be very happy, A.If B.Until C.Unless D.Before ( )4. —Could we play football in your playground, Sir ? --No,_______ you have the principal’s note. A.if B.unless C.because D.since ( )5. Many children like fried chicken _______it is unhealthy food.A.if B.because C.although ( )6. All the students in Class 5 will climb the mountain if it _______ rain tomorrow. A. won’t B. don’t C. didn’t D. doesn’t ( )7 ---Would you like to go bike riding with us tomorrow?---Sure, ________ I am busy. A. since B. unless C. when D. until ( )8. I don’t like bread. I won’t eat it ________ I am very hungry.A. when B. unless C. if ( )9. You’d better look up the new word in a dictionary _____ you don’t know it. A. if B. that C. though D. whether ( )10. After the meeting, we will have a party. If you _______ free, come and join us. A. are B. will be C. were 一、课后练习 ( )1. I’ll go for a walk with you if it ________ tomorrow. A. won’t rain B. doesn’t rain C. will rain D. not rains ( )2. I’m waiting for my Mum. ________, I’ll go shopping with her. A. If she doesn’t come B. If she comes C. If she will come D. If she won’t come ( )3. ---Tommy, do you know if Frank ______ to the zoo this Sunday if it ______? ---Sorry, I have no idea. A. will go; is fine B. goes; is fine C. will go; is going to be fine D. goes; will be fine ( )4. If I _______ you, I would wear the shirt and the tie.A. am B. was C. were D. will be ( )5. What would you do if you _______ a lot of money? A. had B. have had C. will have D. have ( )6. In Britain, you must be 18 ________ you want to drive a car.A. why B. because C. so D. if ( )7. If I _______ you, I’d take the small apple. A. am B. were C. was ( )8. Susan will not arrive at the airport on time _______ she hurries up. A. once B. if C. when D. unless ( )9. If my father ________ back, please let me know .A. comes B. will come C. come ( )10. Let’s see ___we can find some information about the city. A. that B. if C. what D. which ( A. was, would buy B. were, would like to buy C. were, would buy D. was, bough ( ( A. win B. won C. are going to win D. have won 典型例题

最新规范(国标)

市政公用工程技术标准和要求 一、依据设计施工图纸和技术文件要求,本工程项目的材料、设备、施工必须达到以下现行中华人民共和国及省、市、行业的一切有关法规、规范的要求,如下述标准及规范要求有出入则以较严格者为准。 1、工程测量规范GB50026-2007 2、混凝土质量控制标准GB50164-2011 3、混凝土强度检验评定 准GBJ107-87 4、砼结构工程施工质量验收范GB50204-2002 5、混凝土结构试验方法准GB/T50152-2012 6、砌体结构工程施工质量验收规范GB50203-2011 7、砌体工程现场检测技术准GB/T50315-2011 8、钢筋焊接接头试验法JGJ27-2001 9、钢筋焊接及验收规程JGJ18-2012 10、钢筋机械连接通用技术规程JG107-2003 11、钢结构工程施工规范GB50755-2012 12、钢结构工程施工质量验收范GB50205-2002 13、钢结构焊接规范GB50661-2011 14、建筑地面工程施工质量验收规 范GB50209-2002

15、城市道路照明工程施工及验收规 程CJJ89-2012 16、城镇给水排水技术规范GB50788-2012 17、给水排水管道工程施工及验收规范GB50268-2008 18、给水排水构筑物施工及验收规范GBJ141-2008 工业设备及管道防腐蚀工程施工质量验收规 范GB50727-2011 19、工业金属管道工程施工质量验收规 范GB50184-2011 21、现场设备、工业管道焊接工程施工及验收规范 GB50683-2011 22、沥青路面施工及验收规范GB50092-96 23、热拌再生沥青混合料路面施工及验收规程 CJJ43-91 24、城市道路路基工程施工及验收规 范CJJ44-91 25、城镇道路工程施工与质量验收规 范CJJ1-2008 26、钢渣石灰类道路基层施工及验收规 范CJJ35-90 27、水泥混凝土路面施工及验收规范GBJ97-87

一般现在时百度

一般现在时 一般现在时(Simple present)。表示通常性、规律性、习惯性、真理性的状态或者动作有时间规律发生的事件的一种时间状态。 中文名 一般现在时 外文名 Simple present 属性 英语语法 拼音 yì bān xiàn zài shí 繁体 一般現在時 目录 .1概念 .2结构

.3用途 .?基本用法 .?变化规律 .?具体运用 .?表达方法 .4句型 .?疑问句 .?否定句 .?表将来 .?表过去 .?与现在进行时比较辨析 .5语法 .?基本用法 .?特殊用法 概念 编辑 一般现在时用法表 . 经常性:―经常发生的动作‖,比如每天起床、吃饭、上学,一个星期去几次超市或新华 书店等。 . 规律性:在生活中,有的事情是有规律的,有的是偶尔做几次。这些都算经常发生的事 件。 .

习惯性:这个动作经常发生,是一般的情况而不是具体的某一次。 . 真理性:有些动作或状态是永恒的,比如长江向东流、地球绕着太阳转,比如谚语中举 的事例、文学作品中描绘的事例,像―好马不吃回头草‖等等。 . . 事物存在的状态。 . 结构 编辑 用途 编辑 基本用法 . 表示经常性或习惯性的动作或存在的状态 . . 表示客观事实或普遍真理 . . 在时间、条件等状语从句中,用一般现在时表示将来

. . 在某些以here,there开头的句子中,用一般现在时表示正在发生的动作. 一般现在时的分析 当主语是第三人称单数时: 动词变相应的第三人称单数形式 肯定句:主语+动词第三人称单数形式+其它 否定句:主语+doesn't+动词原形+其它 一般疑问句:Does+主语+动词原形+其它 肯定回答:Yes,主语+does 否定回答:No,主语+doesn't 特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+一般疑问句 当主语不是第三人称单数时: 肯定句:主语+动词原形+其它 否定句:主语+don't+动词原形+其它 一般疑问句:Do+主语+动词原形+其它 特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+一般疑问句 注意★:句式结构错则全句都错。 谓语动词的形式:do/does 助动词的形式:don't(do not)/doesn't(does not) 变化规律

一般现在时

一般现在时 功能: 1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如:The sky is blue. Tom is 16 years old now. 2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如:I get up at six every day. He goes to shopping once a week. 3.表示客观现实或普遍真理。如:The earth goes around the sun. Shanghai lies in the east of China. 构成: 1. be动词:主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如:I am a boy. 2.行为动词:主语+行为动词(+其它)。如:We study English. 当主语为第三人称单数(he, she,it)时,要在动词后加"-s"或"-es"。如:Mary likes Chinese. 其余情况用动词原形。 变化: 1. be动词的变化:否定句:主语+ be + not +其它。如:He is not a worker.他不是工人。 一般疑问句:Be +主语+其它。如:----Are you a student? ----Yes. I am. / No, I'm not. 特殊疑问句:疑问词+一般疑问句。如:-----Where is my book? -----It is on the table. 1.行为动词的变化。 否定句:主语+ don't( doesn't ) +动词原形(+其它)。如:I don't like bread. 当主语为第三人称单数时,要用doesn't构成否定句。如:He doesn't often play. 一般疑问句:Do( Does ) +主语+动词原形+其它。如:---- Do you often play football? ---- Yes, I do. / No, I don't. 当主语为第三人称单数时,要用does构成一般疑问句。如:---- Does she go to work by bike? ---- Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't. 特殊疑问句:疑问词+一般疑问句。如:How does your father go to work?

if引导的虚拟条件句(20200509141756)

Subjunctive Mood Ⅰ. Listen to the songs and fill in the blanks Number one: If _______________, _____________so high That the only people near me Would be the pilots in the sky. And If _______________, _______ so gracefully Through the air so all mankind could see. If _______________ Number two: If ______________I'd never hear your voice again, ___________each thing you ever said And on those lonely nights I could think of them once more And keep your words alive inside my head If _______________I'd never hear your voice again Number three: If I ______________, I _______________ in your way So I'll go, but I know I'll think of you every step of the way And I will always love you I will always love you Number four: yeah if ___________, then money, fame and fortune never _____________ If ____________, _____________a party( it'd be ecstasy(狂喜)) yeah if __________ you y-y-y-y do y-y-y-y-y do y-y-y-y-y do If _____________ that would be the only thing I'd ever need Subjunctive mood is used to talk about situations that are ______ true or _____ likely to become true. Ⅱ Observe the following sentences and put them into throw groups 1.If it were Sunday tomorrow, I would go and see my friends. 2. If she hadn't called me, I could have overslept(睡过头) this morning. 3. If he were you, I might go and try. 4. If I had time right now, I should certainly help you. 5. If I had known your telephone number yesterday, I would have telephoned you. 6. If it should rain in the near future, the crops could be saved. 7. If he were here tomorrow, I should speak to him. 8. If we had no air and water, we wouldn't survive. 9. If it snowed tomorrow, I might stay at home. 10. If you were to be a millionaire soon, what would you do with your money? Contrary to the present:__________________ Contrary to the past:_____________________ Contrary to the future:___________________ Ⅲ Structures of subjunctive mood 1. 虚拟条件从句主句 与现在事实 相反的假设If+S+________________ S+_____________________ 与过去事实 相反的假设If+S+ ________________ S+_____________________ 与将来事实 相反的假设 _______________ If+ S+ _______________ _______________ S+_____________________ 2. If 的省略:________________________________________________ 3. 错综条件句:______________________________________________ 1)If you had followed my advice the other day, you would feel better now.

最新国家标准公文格式(2013新版)

最新国家标准公文格式(2013年) 标题(2号小标宋体) 发文对象:(标题下一行顶格,3号仿宋) X X X X X X X X X X(正文3号仿宋体字) 一、X X X(黑体) X X X X X X X X X X(正文3号仿宋体字) (一)X X X(楷体) X X X X X X X X X X(正文3号仿宋体字) 1.X X X仿宋 X X X X X X X X X X(正文3号仿宋体字) (1)X X X仿宋 X X X X X X X X X X X(正文3号仿宋体字) 附件:1.X X X(正文下一行右空两字) 2.X X X 单位名称(附件下两行居成文日期中) 成文日期(右空四字,用阿拉伯数字)(联系人:……;联系电话:……)(如有附注,居左空二字加圆括号编排在成文日期下一行。)

(说明)1.标题:一般用2号小标宋体字,分一行或多行居中排布;回行时,要做到词意完整,排列对称,长短适宜,间距恰当,标题排列应当使用梯形或菱形。 2.正文:一般用3号仿宋体字,每个自然段左空二字,回行顶格。文中结构层次序数依次可以用“一、”“(一)”“1.”“(1)”标注;一般第一层用黑体字、第二层用楷体字、第三层和第四层用仿宋体字标注。 3.附件:如有附件,在正文下空一行左空二字编排“附件”二字,后标全角冒号和附件名称。如有多个附件,使用阿拉伯数字标注附件顺序号(如“附件:1. XXXXX”);附件名称后不加标点符号。附件名称较长需回行时,应当与上一行附件名称的首字对齐。 附件应当另面编排,并在版记之前,与公文正文一起装订。“附件”二字及附件顺序号用3号黑体字顶格编排在版心左上角第一行。附件标题居中编排在版心第三行。 4.发文机关署名:单一机关行文时,在正文(或附件说明)下空一行右空二字编排发文机关署名,在发文机关署名下一行编排成文日期,首字比发文机关署名首字右移二字,如成文日期长于发文机关署名,应当使成文日期右空二字编排,并相应增加发文机关署名右空字数。 5. 成文日期中的数字:用阿拉伯数字将年、月、日标全,年份应标全称,月、日不编虚位(即1不编为01)。 6.页码:一般用4号半角宋体阿拉伯数字,编排在公文版心下边缘之下,数字左右各放一条一字线;一字线上距版心下边缘7 mm。单页码居右空一字,双页码居左空一字。公文的版记页前有空白页的,空白页和版记页均不编排页码。公文的附件与正文一起装订时,页码应当连续编排。 此样式根据2012《党政机关公文格式国家标准》编写而成,标准中未提及具体行距,一般公文中标题行距28磅。正文及其他单倍行距。如有不当请指正。

一般现在时

Mike _ _ (do) his homework every day. There ______(be) some water in the glass. We like ______ (play) basketball after class. I like singing. I often _________(listen) to the music in the evening. My grandma_________(watch) TV every day. 1. _________Alice often play the piano. No, she __________. A. Do; do B. Does; does C. Does; doesn’t 2. ________ your penfriend _______ in Beijing? A. Do; live B. Do; lives C. Does; live 3. Tom and Mike _______ very excited, they will take a trip. A. is B. are C. am 4. I like ________ very much. What about you? A. dance B. danced C. dancing 5. I can’t find my pen. Let me _______. A. go and ask her B. go and ask hers C. go and ask she 6. Fangfang is a good student. She _______maths. A. does good at B. well do it C. is good at 7. The kite _______ a bird. A. look like B. is looking C. looks like 8. Bill and I _______ good friends. A. is B. are C. am 9. Sandy often ________ his homework on Sundays . A. do B. does C. did 10. What do you usually do on the weekend? I __________. A. went swimming B. go swimming C. visited grandparents 11. What do you usually do on your holiday? A. saw elephants B. sing and dance C.took picture 12. I ________ a student. I go to school _______bus every day. A. is; by B. am; on C. am; by 13. I _______ a brother. She _______ a sister. A. have; has B. has; has C. have; have 14. You _________ a student. He ________ a teacher. A. is; is B. are; is C. are; are 15. He always _________ football games. A. watches B. watch C. doesn’t 16. My best friend _______ shells. A. collects B. collect C. often 17. She doesn’t ________ listening to the music.

if可以引导真实条件句和虚拟条件句.

Unit 4 一. if 条件句 if可以引导真实条件句和虚拟条件句。真实条件句表示在假设的条件下,能够实现的情况。在这种情况下,主句和从句的谓语动语随各自的人称和时态发生变化,同时if条件句遵循“主将从现”的原则,即主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时表将来。 If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we will go for a picnic. 如果明天不下雨,我们去野餐。 如果if条件句用来描述说话人认为与事实相反的内容,或仅是一种愿望,假设、猜测等,我们称为虚拟条件句。 If I got rich , I would travel around the world. 如果我有钱了,我将周游全世界。 二.虚拟语气 区分条件从句主句例句 ★与现在事实相反If+主语+过去 式(be多用 were)… 主语+would/should/could/ might+动词原形… If I were rich, I would buy a big house. 如果我 有钱,我将买一所大房 子。 与过去事实相反If+主语+had+ 过去分词… 主语 +would/should/could/might+ have+过去分词… If I had read this article earlier, I would not have made this kind of mistake.如果我早读过这 篇文章,我就不会犯这 样的错误了。 与将来事实相反If+主语+过去 式(be多用 were) /should+动词 原形/were to+ 动词原形… 主语 +would/should/could/might+动 词原形… If it were to rain tomorrow, the match would be put off. 如果明 天下雨,比赛就会被推 迟。

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