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2016届高三上学期第一次月考数学(文)试题Word版含答案

2016届高三上学期第一次月考数学(文)试题Word版含答案

2016届高三上学期第一次月考数学(文)试题Word版含答案2016届高三上学期第一次月考数学文试卷考试时间120分钟,满分150分一、选择题:本大题共12小题,每小题5分,在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的.1.设集合M ={x |x ≥0,x ∈R },N ={x |x 2<1,x ∈R },则M ∩N 等于( ) A .[0,1] B .[0,1) C .(0,1]D .(0,1)2.已知集合A ={1,2},B ={1,a ,b },则“a =2”是“A ?B ”的( ) A .充分不必要条件B .必要不充分条件C .充要条件D .既不充分也不必要条件3.已知命题p :所有有理数都是实数;命题q :正数的对数都是负数,则下列命题中为真命题的是( ) A .﹁p 或q B .p 且q C .﹁p 且﹁qD .﹁p 或﹁q4.设函数f (x )=x 2+1,x ≤1,2x ,x >1,则f (f (3))等于( )A.15B .3C.23D.1395.函数f (x )=log 12(x 2-4)的单调递增区间是( )A .(0,+∞)B .(-∞,0)C .(2,+∞)D .(-∞,-2)6.已知函数f (x )为奇函数,且当x >0时,f (x )=x 2+1x ,则f (-1)等于( )A .-2B .0C .1D .27. 如果函数f (x )=x 2-ax -3在区间(-∞,4]上单调递减,则实数a 满足的条件是( ) A .a ≥8 B .a ≤8 C .a ≥4D .a ≥-48. 函数f (x )=a x -2+1(a >0且a ≠1)的图像必经过点( ) A .(0,1) B .(1,1) C .(2,0)D .(2,2)9. 函数f (x )=lg(|x |-1)的大致图像是( )10. 函数f (x )=2x +3x 的零点所在的一个区间是( ) A .(-2,-1) B .(-1,0) C .(0,1)D .(1,2)11. 设f (x )=x ln x ,若f ′(x 0)=2,则x 0的值为( ) A .e 2B .eC.ln22D .ln212. 函数f (x )的定义域是R ,f (0)=2,对任意x ∈R ,f (x )+f ′(x )>1,则不等式e x ·f (x )>e x +1的解集为( ).A .{x |x >0}B .{x |x <0}C .{x |x <-1或x >1}D .{x |x <-1或0<1}<="" p="">二、填空题:本大题共4小题,每题5分.13. 已知函数y =f (x )及其导函数y =f ′(x )的图像如图所示,则曲线y =f (x )在点P 处的切线方程是__________.14. 若函数f (x )=x 2+ax +b 的两个零点是-2和3,则不等式af (-2x )>0的解集是________. 15. 函数y =12x 2-ln x 的单调递减区间为________.16. 若方程4-x 2=k (x -2)+3有两个不等的实根,则k 的取值范围是________.三、解答题:解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤17.(10分) 化简:(1)3131421413223b a b a ab b a -(a >0,b >0);(2)(-278)23-+(0.002)12--10(5-2)-1+(2-3)0.18.(12分)已知函数f (x )=1a -1(a >0,x >0),(1)求证(用单调性的定义证明):f (x )在(0,+∞)上是增函数; (2)若f (x )在[12,2]上的值域是[12,2],求a 的值.19.(12分)已知定义在R 上的奇函数f (x )有最小正周期2,且当x ∈(0,1)时,f (x )=2x4x +1.(1)求f (1)和f (-1)的值; (2)求f (x )在[-1,1]上的解析式.20.(12分)已知函数f (x )=x 2+2ax +3,x ∈[-4,6]. (1)当a =-2时,求f (x )的最值;(2)求实数a 的取值范围,使y =f (x )在区间[-4,6]上是单调函数;(3)当a =1时,求f (|x |)的单调区间. 21.(12分)已知函数f (x )=x 3+x -16. (1)求曲线y =f (x )在点(2,-6)处的切线的方程;(2)直线l 为曲线y =f (x )的切线,且经过原点,求直线l 的方程及切点坐标; 22.(12分)已知函数f (x )=x 3-3ax -1,a ≠0. (1)求f (x )的单调区间;(2)若f (x )在x =-1处取得极值,直线y =m 与y =f (x )的图像有三个不同的交点,求m 的取值范围.2016届高三上学期第一次月考数学答题卡一、选择题(共12小题,每小题5分,共60分,每小题有一个正确答案)13、 14、15、 16、三、解答题17.(10分) 化简:(1)131421413223b a b a ab b a -(a >0,b >0);(2)(-278)23-+(0.002)12--10(5-2)-1+(2-3)0.18.(10分)已知函数f (x )=1a -1x(a >0,x >0),(1)求证(用单调性的定义证明):f (x )在(0,+∞)上是增函数; (2)若f (x )在[12,2]上的值域是[12,2],求a 的值.19.(12分)已知定义在R 上的奇函数f (x )有最小正周期2,且当x ∈(0,1)时,f (x )=2x4x +1.(1)求f (1)和f (-1)的值; (2)求f (x )在[-1,1]上的解析式.20.(12分)已知函数f(x)=x3+x-16.(1)求曲线y=f(x)在点(2,-6)处的切线的方程;(2)直线l为曲线y=f(x)的切线,且经过原点,求直线l的方程及切点坐标;21.(13分)已知函数f(x)=x2+2ax+3,x∈[-4,6].(1)当a=-2时,求f(x)的最值;(2)求实数a的取值范围,使y=f(x)在区间[-4,6]上是单调函数;(3)当a=1时,求f(|x|)的单调区间.22.(13分)已知函数f(x)=x3-3ax-1,a≠0.(1)求f(x)的单调区间;(2)若f(x)在x=-1处取得极值,直线y=m与y=f(x)的图像有三个不同的交点,求m的取值范围.2016届高三上学期第一次月考数学文试卷参考答案1.B2.A3.D4.D5.D6.A7.A8.D9.B10.B11.B12.A13. x -y -2=0 14. {x |-32<1}<="" p="">15. (0,1] 16. (512,34]17. 解 (1)原式=121311113233211212633311233().a b a b abab ab a b+-++----==(2)原式=(-278)23-+(1500)12--105-2+1=(-827)23+50012-10(5+2)+1=49+105-105-20+1=-1679. 18. (1)证明设x 2>x 1>0,则x 2-x 1>0,x 1x 2>0,∵f (x 2)-f (x 1)=(1a -1x 2)-(1a -1x 1)=1x 1-1x 2=x 2-x 1x 1x 2>0,∴f (x 2)>f (x 1),∴f (x )在(0,+∞)上是增函数. (2)解∵f (x )在[12,2]上的值域是[12,2],又f (x )在[12,2]上单调递增,∴f (12)=12,f (2)=2.易得a =25.19. 解(1)∵f (x )是周期为2的奇函数,∴f (1)=f (1-2)=f (-1)=-f (1),∴f (1)=0,f (-1)=0. (2)由题意知,f (0)=0. 当x ∈(-1,0)时,-x ∈(0,1).由f (x )是奇函数,∴f (x )=-f (-x )=-2-x4-x +1=-2x4x +1,综上,在[-1, 1]上,f (x )=2x4x +1,x ∈(0,1),-2x 4x+1,x ∈(-1,0),0,x ∈{-1,0,1}.20.解 (1)当a =-2时,f (x )=x 2-4x +3=(x -2)2-1,∵x ∈[-4,6],∴f (x )在[-4,2]上单调递减,在[2,6]上单调递增,∴f (x )的最小值是f (2)=-1,又f (-4)=35,f (6)=15,故f (x )的最大值是35. (2)∵函数f (x )的图像开口向上,对称轴是x =-a ,∴要使f (x )在[-4,6]上是单调函数,应有-a ≤-4或-a ≥6,即a ≤-6或a ≥4. (3)当a =1时,f (x )=x 2+2x +3,∴f (|x |)=x 2+2|x |+3,此时定义域为x ∈[-6,6],且f (x )=?x 2+2x +3,x ∈(0,6],x 2-2x +3,x ∈[-6,0],∴f (|x |)的单调递增区间是(0, 6],单调递减区间是[-6,0].21.解 (1)可判定点(2,-6)在曲线y =f (x )上.∵f ′(x )=(x 3+x -16)′=3x 2+1.∴f ′(x )在点(2,-6)处的切线的斜率为k =f ′(2)=13. ∴切线的方程为y =13(x -2)+(-6),即y =13x -32.(2)法一设切点为(x 0,y 0),则直线l 的斜率为f ′(x 0)=3x 20+1,∴直线l 的方程为y =(3x 20+1)(x -x 0)+x 30+x 0-16,又∵直线l 过点(0,0),∴0=(3x 20+1)(-x 0)+x 30+x 0-16,整理得,x 30=-8,∴x 0=-2,∴y 0=(-2)3+(-2)-16=-26,k =3×(-2)2+1=13. ∴直线l 的方程为y =13x ,切点坐标为(-2,-26.) 法二设直线l 的方程为y =kx ,切点为(x 0,y 0),则k=y0-0x0-0=x30+x0-16x0又∵k=f′(x0)=3x20+1,∴x30+x0-16x0=3x2+1,解之得x0=-2,∴y0=(-2) 3+(-2)-16=-26,k=3×(-2)2+1=13.∴直线l的方程为y=13x,切点坐标为(-2,-26).22.解(1)f′(x)=3x2-3a=3(x2-a),当a<0时,对x∈R,有f′(x)>0,∴当a<0时,f(x)的单调增区间为(-∞,+∞).当a>0时,由f′(x)>0,解得x<-a或x>a.由f′(x)<0,解得-a<x<a,< p="">∴当a>0时,f(x)的单调增区间为(-∞,-a),(a,+∞),单调减区间为(-a,a).(2)∵f(x)在x=-1处取得极值,∴f′(-1)=3×(-1)2-3a=0,∴a=1.∴f(x)=x3-3x-1,f′(x)=3x2-3,由f′(x)=0,解得x1=-1,x2=1.由(1)中f(x)的单调性可知,f(x)在x=-1处取得极大值f(-1)=1,在x=1处取得极小值f(1)=-3.∵直线y=m与函数y=f(x)的图像有三个不同的交点,结合如图所示f(x)的图像可知:实数m的取值范围是(-3,1).</x<a,<>。

2016-2017学年上海市虹口区复兴高级中学高三9月月考英语试卷word版含解析

2016-2017学年上海市虹口区复兴高级中学高三9月月考英语试卷word版含解析

上海市复兴高级中学2016学年第一学期10月月考高三英语试卷2016.10 II. Grammar and Vocabulary 20%Section A 10%Directions:After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word. For the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.It’s estimated that 300 million people in China are studying, or have studied English. That’s an impressive number and I can’t think of any oth er country in the world (1) one quarter of the population is so dedicated to (2) (learn) a second language. But some people are questioning whether this “craze” for studying English is worthwhile.Professor Zhang Shuhua of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences says that too much emphasis is placed on learning English and (3) it is a waste of education resources as well as a threat to the study of Chinese. He says that having English as a compulsory course in university “has distracted much of students’ attention (4) specialized subjects,” and that some students have been denied access to postgraduate education because they failed English. Others have admitted that studying so much English has made them (5) (poor) Chinese speakers.Both of these criticisms are legitimate, but they beg the question of why so many Chinese still want to learn English. English, they recognize, (6) (be) the lingua franca of the modern world. It is the language of business and has become the language of international relations and culture. When people from different countries get together, they frequently speak in English (7) try to translate their native languages. It seems that everyone everywhere can speak at least some English.For China to be part of that international conversation, it is necessary that some level of English proficiency (8) be achieved. But what, you may ask, about (9) who will never speak a word of English once they leave school? Well, for good or ill, they will still be surrounded by English. It is there in signs, in music, in movies and in the casual conversations they overhear of the increasing number of foreigners on the city streets. To know English is (10) (include) in the rest of the world, even if your world is limited to China.1.where2.learning 3 .that 4 .from 5.poorer6 .is 7. rather than 8.should 9.those 0.to be included解析1.考察定语从句,先行词是the world2.考察搭配,be dedicated to doing致力于做某事3.考察宾语从句,此处that不可省略4.考察介词,distract....from..... 分散....的注意力5.考察形容词比较级,poorer6.考察谓语动词,主语是English,因此填is。

高考英语_上海市普陀区晋元高级中学2020-2021学年高二下学期3月月考检测英语试题和答案

高考英语_上海市普陀区晋元高级中学2020-2021学年高二下学期3月月考检测英语试题和答案

上海市晋元中学2020-2021学年第二学期3月月考反馈高二英语(完卷时间:120分钟满分:150分)第I卷L. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, question will be asked about what was said. The conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. At 2:30 B.at 2:00 C.At 1:30 D.At 1:00.2. A. In the Shanghai Museum. B. In a store. C. In a tunnel. D. In a taxi.3. A. Doctor and patient. B. Lawyer and clientC. Manager and customer.D. Passer-by and policeman.4. A Listening to some loud music. B. Repairing her earphones:C. Talking loudly on the phoneD. Writing an essay.5. A. More sleep can get the man onto the right track.B. Tiredness is a typical symptom of lack of exerciseC. The man should spend more time outdoorsD. People tend to work longer hours with artificial lighting.1/ 226. A. Jane has been engaged to someone working in the library.B. The man shouldn't bother Jane because she was busyC. Jane-was always engaged in online gamesD. Jane is the person to take care of the IT room.7. A. She doesn't want to go to the concert. B. She is eager to go to the concertC. She is interested in American songs.D. She doesn't like music at all8. A. David stopped his project halfwayB. David's project didn't get any financial support.C. David has got financial support from the government.D. David's project was forced to stop by the government.9. A. The man can't keep the appointment at 3:15.B. The man wants to change the date of the appointment.C. The man is glad he can get in touch with the doctor.D. The man is confused about the date of the appointment.10. A. She prefers chemistry. B. She has not got a partner yetC. She is too tired of chemistry.D.She is too busy to work on her chemistry course.Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heardQuestions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.2/ 2211. A. Flight attendants. B. Airline passengers.C. The fire brigade.D. Plane manufacturers12. A. CA4117 will take off from Chengdu and eventually arrive in BeijingB. It will take CA4117 more than three hours to arrive in Xi'an.C. CA4117 will travel 30,982 kilometres for the whole flight.D. The average speed of CA4117 is 10,000 kilometers per hour.13.A. Using electronic devices during landingB. Using their hands to pull the oxygen mask.C. Using laptop computers during the flight.D. Placing the oxygen mask below their nose.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Drinking a lot of alcohol. B. Going shopping in stores.C. Gathering around tables for hotpotD. Eating fried food and barbecued meat.15. A. Movies are available to people in Shanghai at midnight.B. People in Hangzhou attach great importance to dinner.C. A total of nine online platforms provided data for the report.D. People in Beijing are most likely to order Starbucks in the afternoon16. A. People's eating habits in different regions of China.3/ 22B. The impact of mobile payment on Chinese people's' lives.C. Different nightlife activities among residents in Chinese cities.D. The pressure of urban life brought by nightlife activities.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. Showing the man around the house. B. Selling the house to the man.C. Persuading the man to buy the house.D. Inspecting the house before buying it.18. A. The window screen. B. The area to store wine.C. The bedroom and the attached bathroom.D. The colors of the walls and floor covering19. A. It may not secure the deal. B. It is beyond her means.C. It is higher than expected.D. It's unrealistic.20. A. People tend to love the inside of the house though its outside isn't attractive.B. The window screen enables you to see everything clearly from the street.C. The house agent makes an attempt to cut down the price by 30,000 dollars.D. The woman has to contact her bank before the owner responds to the offer.II. Grammar and V ocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and r the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank4/ 22A well-known landscape photographerAlexander Henderson was born in Scotland in 1831 and was the son of a successful merchant. He spent much of his childhood (21)_______ (play) on the beach or fishing in the streams nearby. In 1849 he began a three-year apprenticeship to become an accountant. Although he never liked the prospect of a business career, he stayed with it (22)_______ (please) his family.Learning photography in Montreal around the year 1857, Henderson quickly took (23) _______ up as a serious amateur. Later, he became a personal friend and colleague of the Scottish Canadian photographer William Notman. (24)_______ their friendship, their styles of photography were quite different. While Notman's landscapes (25) _______ (note) for their bold realism, Henderson for the first 20 years of his career produced romantic images (26)_______ _______ _______ he published his first major collection of landscape photographs in 1865, he gained great fame for reflecting the romantic British landscape tradition in his works. The publication had limited circulation (only seven copies have ever been found), where the contents of each copy (27)_______(vary) significantly and proved a useful source for evaluating Henderson's early work.In 1866, he gave up his business to open a photographic studio, (28) _______ (advertise) himself as portrait and landscape photographer. From about 1870 he dropped portraiture to specialize in landscape photography and other views. His numerous photographs of city life (29)_______ (reveal) in street scenes, houses, and markets are alive with human activity. There was sufficient demand for these types of scenes and others he took depicting the pearl trade, steamboats and waterfalls to enable him to make a living.In 1892 Henderson accepted a full-time position with the CPR as manager of a photographic department (30)_______ he was to set up and administer. That summer he made his trip west, photographing extensively along the railway line as far as Victoria. He continued in this post until 1897, when he retired completely from photography.Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can5/ 22be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Mars -- the next frontierIt sounds like something from the fields of science fiction--a space expedition into the vast 31_______ of space, heading towards the Red Planet. While we're not quite ready to put a person on land, the question we ask today is: why are so many countries interested in going to Mars?The space race saw the USA and USSR 32_______ to achieve firsts in spaceflight. The Soviet Union released Sputnik 1, an artificial satellite, before anyone else, and the US landed on the Moon first. Now it appears that Mars is the celestial body of desire. While the honour of being the first nation to touchdown is an obvious 33_______ , there are other reasons we want to get there.One of these could be the 34_______ of our species You only have to look at the fossilised remains of the dinosaurs to see the benefit of finding another 35_______ planet. While Mars doesn't have the right conditions to call it home just yet, there's always the idea of terraforming-- changing the environment of a planet to 36_______ our needs to live.However, not everyone agrees. Leading astrophysicist Neil deGrasse Tyson has said the 37_______of altering habitability of another planet because of the damage we have done to Earth is not 38_______ when we can simply terraform Earth.It seems he main reason at the moment is the search for signs of life. It has long been believed that, at one time, Mars was abundant with life. Now seemingly dead, the 39_______ fossils could answer questions about our own evolution and that of our planet. One theory is that bacterial life on our planet didn't start here, but was transferred via asteroid (小行星) from Mars.One benefit 40_______ by scientists like Neil deGrasse Tyson is that landing on Mars may inspire more people to become interested in science and astronomy. Surely6/ 22inspiring a new generation to visit the stars is reason enough.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Moral sentiments countOrganizations and societies rely on fines and rewards to control people's self-interest in the service of the common good. The 41_______ of a ticket keeps drivers in line, and the promise of a bonus inspires high performance. But incentives (激励) can also 42_______, minifying the very behavior they're meant to encourage.A generation ago, Richard Titmuss claimed that paying people to donate blood43 _______ the supply. Economists were skeptical, citing a lack of scientific evidence. But since then, new data and models have prompted a sea change in how economists think about incentives--showing, among other things, that Titmuss was right in so many cases that businesses should 44_______.Experimental economists have found that offering to pay women for donating blood decreases the number willing to donate by almost half, and that letting them contribute the payment to charity 45_______ the effect. Dozens of recent experiments show that rewarding self-interest with economic incentives can have the opposite result when they destroy what Adam Smith called "the moral sentiments(情绪)”. The psychology here has escaped blackboard economists, but it will be no surprise to people in business: When we take a job or buy a car, we are not only trying to get stuff-- we are also trying to be a certain kind of person. 46_______ , people desire to be respected by others as ethical and 47_______. And they don't want to be taken for losers. Rewarding blood donations may not serve the intended purpose because it suggests that the donor is less interested in being 48_______ than in making a dollar. Incentives also run into trouble when they signal that the employer 49_______ the employee or is greedy. Close supervision of workers coupled with 50_______ for performance is textbook economics, but it can lead to the depression of employees.7/ 22Perhaps most important, incentives affect what our actions signal, whether we're being self-interested or civic-minded, manipulated or trusted and they can imply--sometimes wrongly--what 51_______ us. Fines or public criticism that appeal to our moral sentiments by signaling social disapproval (think of littering) can be highly effective. But incentives go wrong when they 52_______ or diminish our ethical sensibilities.This does not mean it's 53_______ to appeal to self-interested and ethical motivations at the same time--just that efforts to do so often fail. 54_______ , policies support socially valued ends not only by controlling self-interest but also by encouraging public-spiritedness. The small tax on plastic grocery bags passed by law in Ireland in 2002 that resulted in their virtual elimination appears to have had such an effect. It punished offenders 55_______ while conveying a moral message. Carrying a plastic bag joined wearing a fur coat in the gallery of anti-social anachronisms.41. A.temptation B.threat C.value D.equivalent42. A. overflow B.backfire C. survive D. work43. A.reduced B. affected C. afforded D.balanced44. A. cut back B. stand by C. take note D. hold on45. A.cause B. reverse C. take D. detect46. A. In other words B. On the contrary C. By contrast D. In addition47 A. satisfied B.determined C. dignified D.discouraged48. A. unselfish B. ambitious C. thoughtful D. aggressive49. A. boasts B. values C. encourages D. mistrusts50. A. requirement B. criticism C. implication D. reward51. A. supports B. threatens C. motivates D.changes52.A.refine B. offend C.control D. arouse53. A. impossible B.strange C. necessary D. abnormal54. A. Rarely B. Occasionally C. Surprisingly D.Ideally8/ 2255. A. publicly B.severely C. monetarily D. mildlySection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Wonder materialMaurice Ward and his family ran ladies' hairdresser’s in Yorkshire, England. Ward was an inventor by nature and liked to mix his own hair dyes and products, claiming that they were more effective than the products supplied by cosmetics manufacturers like L'Oreal and Garnier. In the 1980s his inventiveness found a new outlet when he bought an industrial extruder--a machine that forms plastics-and began experimenting with making different types of sheet plastic. Then in 1985 something happened which was to change his life.A British Airtours plane bound for Corfu caught fire at Manchester Airport just before it took off. Although the plane was still on the ground, the results of the fire were destructive within forty seconds, 55 of the people inside died from smoke and poisonous air breathed in. Ward determined that he would make a material that would be much more fire-resistant than the plastics from which the interior was largely constructed. He began trying out different mixtures in a kitchen food blender. When he found a formulation that looked promising, he would shape it into sheet form and then test its fire resistance. The results got better and better until finally he hit on a material that would resist temperatures of 2, 500 C, not give off poisonous air and still remain cool enough to be touched. Starlite was bornYet here we are, thirty years on, and Starlite is still an unpatented and unexploited material. So what went wrong?Naturally, Ward kept the formula a secret. He never wrote it down, only telling the exact proportions of its 21 ingredients to a few of his closest family members. He refused to apply for a patent, since that would involve revealing its composition. No9/ 22one else was allowed to analyse it nor was any company given a sample for fear that they might reverse-engineer it.Consequently, no deal was ever struck and in May 2011 Maurice Ward died. It would be incorrect to say that he took his secret to the grave because some of the family still know it, but he certainly took his own dreams of personal wealth and fame with him. Why? Was it greed? Was it that, as an amateur, he felt a lack of respect from the scientific community? Or was he simply too protective of his idea to share it with others? We may never know. What is certain is that his loss is the world’s loss, too.56. What can we most probably infer about Maurice Ward according to the passage?A. He preferred fame to money.B.He was born with a creative spirit.C. He opposed established institutions.D. He got his genius partly from his parents.57. How did Ward develop Starlite?A. He converted it in the kitchen food blender.B. He found the material from the interior of planes.C. He got inspiration from the hair dyes and products.D. He experimented with materials and examined their fire-resistance.58. Which of the following statements about Starlite is TRUE?A. Its secret died with Maurice Ward.B. It gets warmer than plastics when heated.C. It could have brought Maurice great wealth.D. Some company reverse-engineered it without permission.59. We can learn from the passage that _______ .A. Innovation requires lots of efforts and deserves protection10/ 22B. The protectiveness of an invention may cause the world great losses.C. The big companies' ill intentions are to blame for the loss of Starlite.D. The neglect of talented people may cost the world valuable discoveries.(B)Things you need to know about your STRESS right nowAfter 60 years of research, scientists have determined what provokes stress. There's even a handy acronym: NUTS.N is for Novelty: This is something new you've not experienced before, like the first day of school or a new job.U is for Unpredictability: When you don't know how something is going to take shape, as is the case during a trip to the dentist.T is for Threat to the Ego: When your competence is threatened, such as in front of colleagues. We're very sensitive to this.S is for Sense of Control: When you feel you have little or no control over the situation, like being stuck in traffic.It's helpful to identify your sources of stress, because a problem well-defined is a problem almost solved. The opposite of stress is not relaxation---it's resilience. If you tell your brain that you can deal with this, it will stop producing the stress hormone and you will calm down11/ 22Get on your bike!As various bits of research have shown, cycling will lower your stress levels, whether you're doing a quick errand or committing to a lifetime on two wheels.15 MINUTES LATERA 2013 study out of Japan showed a marked drop in people's stress levels after they pedalled for just 15 minutes on a stationary bike.AN HOUR LATERResearchers found in 2015 that, compared to their cycling colleagues, those who drove or took the subway breathed more shallowly an hour later---a sure sign of stress.18 YEARS LATERAfter following 17,985 adult commuters for 18 years, U.K. researchers discovered in 2014 that those who walked or biked reported being happier, more confident and better able to face their problems.①____________In a 2015 study, researchers subjected 66 teen girls to a stress test. Some of them held their mothers' hands during the test; others had to go it alone. The girls who hadcontact with their moms were able to manage stress more effectively. It's what psychologists refer to as emotional load sharing.②____________In a 2007 UCLA study, some patients hospitalized for heart failure spent 12 minutes with a therapy dog, while another group interacted with a volunteer. The dogcrowd experienced greater decreases in their anxiety level compared to those patients whose visitors could actually talk back.60. __________---may suffer the most stress relatively.A. Luna, 19--she has well prepared for her first internship with the help of her mother12/ 22B. Tom, 29-his first day of work starts at 9: 00 am, but he's in a traffic jam at 8: 50 amC. Karol, 39-she finally had her decayed tooth pulled out last Thursday at the dentist'sD. Jenny, 49-her colleagues are planning to give her a farewell party and she's in the dark61. Which chart can best illustrate the effect of cycling ?A BC D62. Which of the following may best suit the numbered blanks?A. ①Raise your hand! ②Find a volunteer companion!B. ①Raise your hand! ②Get a furry companion!C.①Hug your family! ②Get furry companion!D. ①Hug your family! ②Find a volunteer companion!13/ 22(C)Bretton Woods revisitedOn July 22, 1944, as allied troops were racing across Normandy to liberate Paris, representatives of 44 nations meeting at the Mount Washington resort in Bretton Woods, New Hampshire, created a financial and monetary system for the postwar era, referred to as Bretton Woods system.John Maynard Keynes, leader of the British delegation, was playing a tricky dual role. He had proposed a new monetary system to free the world from the Great Depression. He hoped that the new monetary system, would be the international pillar for the series of domestic measures that came to be known as Keynesian---the use of public spending to cure depression and the regulation of financial markets to prevent downturns caused by failed private financial investments. Keynes was also hoping to restore Britain's prewar position as a leading industrial and financial power. His two roles overlapped, but far from perfectly The Americans shared the British desire to restore world growth, but not to preserve Britain's empire.Keynes wrote to his colleague after the conference that in the new International Monetary Fund, "we have in truth got both in substance and in phrasing all that we could reasonably hope for. "The new World Bank, Keynes declared, offered "grand possibilities. .. The Americans are virtually committing themselves to quite huge untied loans for reconstruction and development.Yet in many respects, Bretton Woods was failure for Keynes and the British. America today is often described as the only surviving superpower, but in 1944 U.S. supremacy was towering. Germany and Japan were on the edge of ruin. Britain had gone massively into debt. The Russians had lost tens of millions of soldiers and civilians. America was unharmed, its casualties were modest by comparison, it held most of the world's financial reserves, and its industrial plant was mightier than ever.Though Keynes inspired Bretton Woods, the Americans won the day. In most matters, a rival design by Keynes's American counterpart, Harry Dexter White, prevailed. White, a left-wing New Dealer serving as No. 2 man at the Department of Treasury, shared Keynes's basic views on money. But the White plan provided a far more modest fund and bank. Instead of the generous extension of wartime lend-lease14/ 22aid that Keynes was promoting, the British had to settle for an American loan, to be repaid with interestThe Bretton Woods system was welcomed as a vast improvement over both the rigid gold standard of pre-1914 and the monetary disorder of the interwar period. For a quarter-century, Bretton Woods enhanced a rare period of steady growth, full employment, and financial stability. But in many respects, the boastful role of the World Bank, the International Monetary Fund, and the Bretton Woods rules specifying fixed exchange rates was a convenient illusion. The system's true pillar was the United States the U.S. dollar as global currency; the U.S. economy as the consumer market for other nations' exports; and U.S. recovery aid in the form of the Marshall Plan, which dwarfed the function of the World Bank.In the early 1970s, the Bretton Woods system came crashing down when domestic inflation forced the United States to devalue its own currency and cease playing the dominant role. Monetary instability and slower growth followed.63. What can we infer from the underlined sentence in paragraph 3?A. Keynes was satisfied with the outcome of the conference.B. Keynes further explained the idea of monetary reform he presented.C. Keynes emphasized the importance of having a new World Bank.D. Keynes pointed out the important role America played in postwar era.64. According to the passage, Keynes and White had different views on_____.A. the roles of US and Britain in postwar eraB. the basic principles related to loansC. the timing and target of giving fundD. the interest rate British banks should offer65. According to the passage, which of the following statement is TRUE?A. The Bretton Woods system improved the rigid gold standard of the interwar periodB. International Monetary Fund dominated the world market in many fields.15/ 22C. The Bretton Woods system largely depended on the US economic success.D. Many countries received financial aid from the World Bank66. The passage is mainly about _____.A. the role of economy in the postwar eraB. two types of postwar diplomacy and their resultsC. an individual's contribution to the postwar worldD. the development of a financial system and its impact(D)The myth of short-term memoryShort-term memory contains the contents of your thoughts right now, including what you intend to do in the next few seconds 67________ You may think about what you'll say next in a conversation or walk to the hall closet with the intention of getting a pair of gloves.Short-term memory is easily disturbed or disrupted. 68________ You do this by thinking about them, perhaps repeating them over and over again ("I'm going to the closet to get gloves") But any distraction a new thought, someone asking you a16/ 22question, the telephone ringing---can disrupt short-term memory. Our ability to automatically restore the contents of the short-term lightly with every decade after 30.69________ I've been teaching undergraduates for my entire career and can attest that even 20-year-olds make short-term memory errors--loads of them. They walk into the wrong classrooms; they show up to exams without the requisite No. 2 pencil they forget something I just said 2 minutes before. These are similar to the kinds of things 70-year-olds do.The relevant difference is not age but rather how we describe these events, the stories we tell ourselves about them. Twenty-year-olds don't think, "Oh dear, this must be early-onset brain damage.” They think, “ I really need to get more than four hours of sleep."The 70-year-old observes these same events and worries about her brain health. This is not to say that brain damage related memory impairments are fiction.70________ In the absence of brain disease, even the oldest older adults show little or no cognitive memory decline beyond the age 85 and 90.Section CDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.71.Under the pressing circumstances, we felt _____ to deepen the reform and open wider to the outside world.72. A Moscow company is now marketing "Sleep boxes"--freestanding, mobile boxes with beds inside--for travelers ______ overnight, or those in need of a quick snooze.73.With the government's newly-released scheme to support small and medium-sized enterprises, the dying industry was ______ many privileges to continue its technical17/ 22innovation.74. Domestic interest rates are often______ as a major factor affecting exchange rates.75. As the new master of the trading empire, with interests that ______ from chemicals to sugar, she is burdened with the rise of the family business.76. All the criticism of her acting didn’t stop her pursuit of art, instead it merely strengthened her ______ to establish herself in West End threatre productions.77. Her political consciousness ______ from her upbringing when her father's illness left the family short of money.78. Many theorists believe the ideal boss should lead teams from behind, taking pride in ______ accomplishment and giving credit where it is due.79. So magnificent was the sight from the top of the mountain that we thought nothing could ______ what we saw in the Alps.80. Were I in charge of the local wildlife______ , I would by all means prohibit visitors-- whether they came with commercial purposes or for pure recreation--from getting into it.第Ⅱ卷V.TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.81.专家建议这种饮料六个月内饮用完。

上海市封浜高级中学2021-2022学年高一下学期3月月考英语试题答案

上海市封浜高级中学2021-2022学年高一下学期3月月考英语试题答案

2021学年下学期阶段性测试卷(一)(解析)202一.Complete the following sentences by using the correct forms of the words or phrases in the box. Each word or phrase can be used only once.1.We needed to get to London but we had no _______ of transport.2.He suffered from headaches and loss of __________.3.Humans ________ their skills and knowledge to the next generations through education.4.She would only play a role if she could _____________ the character.5.The company ____________ trouble early on, when a major order was canceled.6.Most people in this kind of jobs ______________ work long hours.7.It is an interesting scientific ______________ but of no practical use.8.The hotel has special _____________for welcoming disabled people.9.The performers, in ____________ and make-up, were walking up and down backstage.10.The wetlands are home to a large ___________ of wildlife.解析:run into 遇到tend to 往往identify with 认同,一致pass down 流传phenomenon 现象costume 服装facilities 设施appetite 胃口,食欲variety 多样性means 手段,方式,方法1.We needed to get to London but we had no means of transport.我们需要去伦敦,但没有交通工具。

2020-2021学年浙江省高二下学期3月月考英语试题汇编-应用文写作专题Word版含答案

2020-2021学年浙江省高二下学期3月月考英语试题汇编-应用文写作专题Word版含答案

浙浙浙2020-2021浙浙浙浙浙浙浙浙3浙浙浙浙浙浙浙-浙浙浙浙浙浙浙浙江省湖州市德清县第三中学2020-2021学年高二3月月考英语试题七、应用文写作(共1小题,满分15 分)76. 假如你是李华,正在英国留学。

下周你所在的社区将举行以中医为主题的社区活动,目前正在招募志愿者。

请你用英文向主办方提出申请,内容包括:1. 提出申请;2. 介绍自己的优势;3. 期待加入。

注意:1.词数80 左右;2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。

参考词汇:中医traditional Chinese medicine (TCM)【答案】Dear Sir/Madam,I’m Li Hua, an international student from China. Hearing that you are recruiting volunteers for the activity about TCM, I cannot wait to apply to be one.I am competent for the job in that my parents happen to be TCM doctors. Brought up in the dense atmosphere of medicine, I’m equipped with abundant knowledge of how todistinguish various Chinese herbal medicines. Besides, I have the experience of being a volunteer guide for Americans. As a consequence, I’m convinced that I’ll live up to your expectations.I’d appreciate it if you could take my application into account. Looking forward to working with you.Y ours,Li Hua浙江省乐清市知临中学2020-2021学年高二下学期第一次月考英语试题第一节:应用文写作(满分15分)假如你是红星中学高三学生李华,你的英国笔友Jim获悉近年来中国的快递业发展迅速,想了解你身边的快递服务情况(delivery service)。

【新课标Ⅱ-3】2015届高三上学期月考(2)英语试题 Word版含答案

【新课标Ⅱ-3】2015届高三上学期月考(2)英语试题 Word版含答案

2015届上学期高三一轮复习第二次月考英语试题【新课标II-3】第一部分:听力(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1. What are the two speakers mainly talking about?A. Weather.B. Games.C. Weekends.2. Which direction does the woman go at the traffic lights?A. Left.B. Right.C. East.3. How is the interest of the credit card company?A. Low.B. High.C. Proper.4. What’s the conversation mainly about?A. How to take a bath.B. How to repair buttons.C. How to find the directions.5. Where does the conversation most probably take place?A. At an airport.B. In the street.C. In a hotel.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。

听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。

每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料,回答第6至7题。

6. Which room does the woman live in ?A. 177 .B. 171.C. 117.7. When will the cleaner come?A. Right now.B. 20 minutes later.C. This evening.听第7段材料,回答第8至10题。

天津市耀华中学2022-2023学年高三上学期第三次月考英语试卷(解析版)

天津市耀华中学2022-2023学年高三上学期第三次月考英语试卷(解析版)
天津市耀华中学2023届高三年级第三次月考
英语学科试卷
★请同学们将试题答案填涂或填写在答题卡上
本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题),第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)和第Ⅲ卷(听力试卷)三部分,共150分,第Ⅰ,Ⅱ卷考试时间100分钟,听力考试时间为20分钟。
祝各位同学考试顺利!
第Ⅰ卷(95分)
第一部分:英语知识运用(共两节,满分45分)
—________. Everyone should do his bit.
A.You asked for itB.You bet
C.You have my wordD.You’ve got me there
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查情景交际。A. You asked for it你自找的;B. You bet当然了。C. You have my word我向你保证。D. You’ve got me there你难住我了。句意:青年人联盟委员会正在寻找垃圾分类的志愿者,你愿意参加吗?当然了,每个人都应该做出自己的贡献。故B项正确。
6.Students are expected to dress _________, suitable for weather conditions, and in good taste.
A.accuratelyB.adequatelyC.essentiallyD.attractively
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意:学生们要穿着得体,适应天气条件,有品位。A. accurately准确地、精确地;B. adequately足够地、合乎需要地;C. essentially本质上、大体上;D. attractively迷人地、有吸引力地。根据句意可知,此处指根据不同天气情况穿衣,还要具有良好品味,说明要衣着得体,应用adequately。故选B项。

2020届上海市建平中学高三下学期英语3月月考试卷( Word版 )

2020届上海市建平中学高三下学期英语3月月考试卷( Word版 )

建平中学高三下3月月考2020.3Ⅱ. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: Read the following passage. Fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word. For the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Cruz Genet, 11, and Anthony Skopick, 10, couldn’t agree. Were the birds out on the ice ducks or geese? There was only one way to find out.So on a chilly January evening last year, the two friends ventured(冒险)onto the frozen pond near their homes in Frankfort, Illinois, ___21___(get)a better look. First they cast a rock onto the ice to test it, then they stepped on it. ___22___(convince)the ice would hold their weight, Ant hony took a few steps, then… FOOMP. He crashed through the seemingly frozen surface. There was no sound, he just fell instantly.Cruz rushed to help his terrified friend. FOOMP—the pond swallowed him too. Cruz managed to lift ___23___ out of the frozen water and onto a more solid section. He then cautiously worked his way toward Anthony. But the ice ___24___(not hold),a nd he fell in again. This time, he couldn’t get out. The boys were up to their necks in icy water and quickly losing feeling in their limbs. There was not much chance ___25___ they could free themselves from the trouble. Cruz was sure he was going to die.Anthony’s older sister had seen the boys ___26___(fall)into the pond and started screaming for help. John Lavin, a neighbor driving nearby on his way to the grocery store, heard her. He quickly pulled over. Seeing the boys, he grabbed a nearby buoy(浮标),kicked off his shoes, and ran into the water, ___27___(chop)his way through the ice with free fist. Lavin made his way ___28___ Cruz and Anthony and pull them back to land. They were taken to the hospital, where doctors discovered that their five-minute stay in the water ___29___(lower)their body temperature nearly ten degrees.Fortunately, the boys have fully recovered, ___30___ they are still a little awestruck(惊叹的)by their fearless neighbor.“Just to think,”says Cruz,“I f he hadn’t been there, I would have died.”Section BDirections:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once.American fashion from the ___31___ of Parisian design. Independence came in tying, wrapping, storing, and rationalizing that wardrobe. These designers established the modem dress code, letting playsuits and other active outfits suit casual clothing, allowing pants to enter the wardrobe, and prizing rationalism and utility in dress, in contradiction to dressing for an occasion. Fashion in America was logical and ___32___ to the will of the women who wore it. American fashion addressed a democracy, whereas traditional Paris-based fashion was prescriptive and imposed on women, willing or not.In an earlier time, American fashion had also followed the dictates of Paris, or even ___33___ specific French designs. Designer sportswear was not modeled on that of Europe, as “modem art” would later be; it was ___34___ invented and developed in America. Its designers were not high-end with supplementary lines. The design objective and the business commitment were targeted to sportswear, and the distinctive traits were problem-solving ingenuity(独创性)and realistic lifestyle applications. Ease of care was most important: summerdresses and outfits, in particular, were ___35___ cotton, readily capable of being washed and pressed at home. Closings were simple, practical, and ___36___, as the modem woman depended on no personal maid to dress her. American designers ___37___ the freedom of women who wore the clothing.Many have argued that the women designers of that time ___38___ their own clothing values into a new style. Of course, much of this argument in the 1930s-40s was advanced because there was little or no experience in designing clothes on the basis of utility. But could utility alone ___39___ the new ideas of the American designers? Fashion is often regarded as a pursuit of beauty, and some cherished fashion’s relationship to the fine arts. What the designers of the American sportswear proved was that fashion is a design art, answering to the demanding needs of service. Of course these practical, ___40___ designers have determined the course of late twentieth-century fashion. They were the pioneers of gender equity, in their useful, adaptable clothing, which was both made for the masses and capable of self-expression.Ⅲ. Reading comprehensionSection ADirections:For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C, and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Face shape lets AI spot rare disordersPeople with genetic syndromes(综合症)sometimes have revealing facial features, but using them to make a quick and cheap diagnosis an be ___41___ given there are hundreds of possible conditions they may have. A new neural network that analyses photographs of faces can help doctors ___42___ the possibilities.Yaron Gurovich at biotechnology firm FDNA in Boston and his team built a neural network to look at the overall impression of faces and ___43___ a list of the 10 genetic syndromes a person is most likely to have.They ___44___ the neural network, called DeepGestalt, on 17,000 images correctly labelled to match more than 200 genetic syndromes. The team then asked the AI to ___45___ potential genetic disorders from a further 502 photos of people with such conditions. It included the correct answer among its list of 10 responses 91 per cent of the time.Gurovich and his team also ___46___ the neural network’s ability to distinguish between the different genetic mutations(变异)that can lead to the same syndrome. They used photographs of people with Noonan syndrome, which can result from mutations in any one of five genes. DeepGestalt correctly identified the genetic source of the physical appearance 64 per cent of the time. It’s clearly not ___47___, but it’s still much better than humans are at trying to do this.As the system makes its assessments, the facial regions that were most helpful in the determination are ___48___ and made available for doctors to view. This helps them to understand the relationships between genetic make-up and physical appearance.The fact that the diagnosis is based on a simple photograph raises questions about ___49___. If faces can reveal details about genetics, then employers and insurance providers could, in principle, ___50___ use such techniques to ___51___ against people who have a high probability of having certain disorders. ___52___, Gurovich says the tool will only be ___53___ for use by clinicians.This technique could bring significant ___54___ for those who have genetic syndromes. The real value here is that for some of these ultra-rare diseases, the process of diagnosis can be many, many years. This kind of technology can help narrow down the search space and then be confirmed through checking genetic markers. For some diseases, it will cut down the time to diagnosis dramatically. For others, it could perhaps add means of finding other people with the disease and, ___55___, help find new treatments or cures.41. A. convincing B. tricky C. reliable D. feasible42. A. bring about B. result from C. narrow down D. rule out43. A. return B. input C. top D. feed44. A. based B. imposed C. focused D. trained45. A. identify B. distinguish C. shift D. cure46. A. tested B. demonstrated C. recognized D. acquired47. A. acceptable B. perfect C. reliable D. workable48. A. covered B. excluded C. highlighted D. supervised49. A. objectivity B. accuracy C. credibility D. privacy50. A. legally B. habitually C. efficiently D. secretly51. A. discriminate B. fight C. argue D. vote52. A. Furthermore B. Therefore C. Otherwise D. However53. A. impossible B. available C. ready D. rare54. A. challenges B. benefits C. damages D. concerns55. A. by contrast B. in turn C. in addition D. on the contrarySection BDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)The two roadsIt was New Year’s night. An aged man was standing at a window. He raised his mournful eyes towards the deep blue sky, where the stars were floating like white lilies on the surface of a clear calm lake. When he cast them on the earth, where a few more hopeless people besides himself now moved towards their certain goal—the tomb. He had already passed sixty of the stages leading to it, and he had brought from his journey nothing but errors and regret. Now his health was poor, his mind vacant, his heart sorrowful, and his old age short of comforts.The days of his youth appeared like dreams before him, and he recalled the serious moment when his father placed him at the entrance of the two roads—one leading to a peaceful, sunny place, covered with flowers, fruits and resounding with soft, sweet songs; the other leading to a deep, dark cave, which was endless, where poison flowed instead of water and where devils and poisonous snakes hissed and crawled.He looked towards the sky and cried painfully, "Oh youth, return! Oh my father, place me once more at the entrance to life, and I'll choose the better way!" But both his father and the days of his youth had passed away.He saw the lights flowing away in the darkness. These were the days of his wasted life; he saw a star fall from the sky and disappeared, and this was the symbol of himself. His regret, which was like a sharp arrow, struck deeply into his heart. Then he remembered his friends in his childhood, who entered on life together with him. But they had made their way to success and were now honored and happy on this New Year's night.The clock in the high church tower struck and the sound made him remember his parents' early love for him. They had taught him and prayed to God for his good. But he chose the wrong way. With shame and grief he dared no longer look towards that heaven where his father lived. His darkened eyes were full of tears, and with a despairing effort, he burst out a cry: "Come back, my early days! Come back!"And his youth did return, for all this was only a dream, which he had on New Year's Night. He was still young though his faults were real; he had not yet entered the deep, dark cave, and he was still free to walk on the roadwhich leads to the peaceful and sunny land.Those who still linger on the entrance of life, hesitating to choose the bright road, remember that when years are passed and your feet stumble on the dark mountains, you will cry bitterly, but in vain. "O youth, return! Oh give me back my early days!"56. In the 3rd paragraph, the man cried painfully because ___.A. all the hopeless people were moving towards deathB. he had lost forever the chance to take the right roadC. His parents and the happy days of his youth were goneD. he refused to take the toad leading to a deep dark cave57. What happened to the man before his sudden realization?A. He was at his father’s fune ral farewell.B. He was enjoying the New Year’s eve.C. He was wandering at the entrance to life.D. He was having a dream of his life in old age.58. We can infer from the story that ___.A. the man’s childhood friends led a joyful life like himB. the man still had the opportunity to chose the right wayC. both the man’s parents passed away when he was youngD. the man’s father was quite strict with his son before death59. The passage is mainly written for ____.A. a new driver getting lost on a detourB. a concerned mother with two children to raiseC. an experienced teacher with a good reputationD. a hesitating young adult facing a tough life choice(B)“Buffalo buffalo Buffalo buffalo buffalo buffalo Buffalo buffalo”is a real sentence.How?Let’s break it down, starting with a simple phrase:Monkeys from Pisa bully deer from London.OK, admittedly it’s an implausible scenario, but it’s a grammatically fine sentence. In English we can use place names as adjectives, so let’s shorten the sentence a little.Pisa monkeys bully London deer.Now we’ll throw in some giraffes from Paris to even the score with those mean monkeys.Pisa monkeys, whom Paris giraffes intimidate, bully London deer.English is peculiar in that you can omit relative pronouns, e.g.,“the person whom I love”can be expressed as “the person I love.”L et’s do that to this sentence.Pisa monkeys Paris giraffes intimidate bully London deer.This kind of pronoun removal can be a little more difficult to grasp when written than when spoken. Saying the above sentences with pauses after monkeys and intimidate can help. Now we need to replace both of the verbs, intimidate and bully, with their(admittedly uncommon)synonym, buffalo.Pisa monkeys Paris giraffes buffalo buffalo London deer.A gain, pauses help keep the meaning in mind: Put a pause after monkeys and the first buffalo. Now we’ll replace all the worldwide place names with the second-largest city in New York State, Buffalo.(T hat’s Buffalo’s tallest building, One Seneca Tower, below.)Buffalo monkeys Buffalo giraffes buffalo buffalo Buffalo deer.You can probably guess what the next step is. But before we replace all the animals with the common name for the American bison, note how the capital letters in the above sentence help you keep the place names separate from the other usages of the word. OK, here goes:Buffalo buffalo Buffalo buffalo buffalo buffalo Buffalo buffalo.One last thing to note: This exceptional sentence is possible because the plural of the animal buffalo is buffalo, not buffalos, otherwise all the words wouldn’t be identical.English is strange and wonderful!60. How should we read the following sentence with proper pauses?A. Buffalo buffalo Buffalo / buffalo buffalo / buffalo Buffalo buffalo.B. Buffalo buffalo / Buffalo buffalo buffalo / buffalo Buffalo buffalo.C. Buffalo buffalo Buffalo / buffalo buffalo buffalo / Buffalo buffalo.D. Buffalo buffalo / Buffalo buffalo / buffalo buffalo Buffalo buffalo.61. What is the key element to make this sentence possible?A. The relative pronouns in English can be omitted.B. In English, place names can be used as adjectives.C. The city has the same name with a kind of American bison.D. The word buffalo has the same form of singular and plural.62. Where can you probably find this article?A. Wandering the EarthB. Linguistics Around UsC. Popular Animal ScienceD. Collins English Grammar(C)The idea that richer countries are happier may seem intuitively obvious. However, in 1974, research by economist Richard Easterlin found otherwise. He discovered that while individuals with higher incomes were more likely to be happy, this did not hold at a national level. In the United States, for example, average income per person rose steadily between 1946 and 1970, but reported happiness levels showed no positive long-term trend; in fact, they declined between 1060 and 1970. These differences between nation-level and individual results gave rise to the term“Easterlin paradox”: the idea that a higher rate of economic growth does not result in higher average long-term happiness.Having access to additional income seems to only provide a temporary surge in happiness. Since a certain minimum income is needed for basic necessities, it’s possible that the happiness boost from extra cash isn’t that great once you rise above the poverty line. This would explain Easterlin’s findings in the United States and other developed countries. He argued that life satisfaction does rise with average incomes—but only in the short term. Recent research has challenged the Eastern paradox, however. In 2013, sociologists Ruut Veenhoven and Floris Vergunst conducted a study using statistics from the World Database of Happiness. Their analysis revealed a positive correlation between economic growth and happiness. Another study by the University of Michigan found that there is no maximum wealth threshold at which more money ceases to contribute to your happiness:“If there is a satiation point, we are yet to reach it.”T he study’s findin gs suggested that every extra dollar you earn makes you happier. With so much debate about the relationship between money and happiness, it’s clear that happiness itself is a complex concept and depends on many factors.According to psychologists Selin Kesebir and Shigehiro Oishi, happiness also depends on how your income compares to the people around you. They argue that a country’s economic growth only makes its citizens happier if wealth is evenly distributed. In emerging countries with high income inequality—where the rich get richer and the poor get poorer—average happiness tends to drop because only relatively few people benefit from the economic prosperity. This suggests that governments should consider implementing policies to ensure more equal distribution of wealth. The happier people are, the more productive they are likely to become, thus leading to improved economic outcomes at the individual and national levels.There is continuing debate about the link between wealth and happiness, with arguments both for and against the notion that richer countries are happier. However, it is clear that wealth alone isn’t enough to make us happy. The effect of income inequality on happiness shows that happiness is a societal responsibility. We need to remember the positive effects of generosity, altruism, and building social connections. Perhaps our focus should be less on how much money we have, and more on how we use it.63. According to the passage, Easterlin Paradox refers to ____.A. the fact that the more money, the happier people will feelB. the suggestion that money should be given the top priorityC. the question how economic outcomes are distributed nationwideD. the opinion that higher income doesn’t necessarily generate happiness64. The word“satiation”in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to“__”.A. satisfactionB. controversialC. centralD. sensitive65. What is the major reason for people’s unhappiness related to money?A. Money not enoughB. Money not fairly distributedC. Rich people richerD. Unequal money paid for equal work66. Which of the following might be best title of this passage?A. It’s all relativeB. Easterlin paradoxC. The economics of happinessD. Rising income, rising happinessSection CDirections:Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentenceTrue intelligenceTaking charge of yourself involves putting to test some very popular myths. At the top of the list is the notion that intelligence is measured by your ability to solve complex problems; to read, write and compute at certain levels; and to resolve abstract equations quickly. ___67___ It encourages a kind of intellectual prejudice that has brought with it some discouraging results. We have come to believe that someone who has more educational merit badges, who is very good at some form of school discipline is "intelligent. " Yet mental hospitals are filled with patients who have all of the properly lettered certificates. A truer indicator of intelligence is an effective, happy life lived each day and each present moment of every day. ___68___Problem solving is a useful help to your happiness, but if you know that given your inability to resolve a particular concern you can still choose happiness for yourself, or at a minimum refuse to choose unhappiness, then you are intelligent. You are intelligent because you have the ultimate weapon against the big N.B.D.—Nervous Break Down.“Intelligent”do not have N. B. D. ’s because they are in charge of themselves. ___69___You can begin to think of yourself as truly intelligent on the basis of how you choose to feel in the face of trying circumstances. The life struggles are pretty much the same for each of us. Everyone who is involved with other human beings in any social context has similar difficulties. Disagreements, conflicts and compromises are a part of what it means to be human. ___70___ But some people are able to make it, to avoid immobilizing depression and unhappiness despite such occurrences, while others collapse or have an N. B. D. Those who recognize problems as a human condition and don’t measure happiness by an absence of problems are the most intelligent kind of humans we know; also, the most rare.Ⅳ. Summary writingDirections:Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Blowing a Few TopsEver stopped to consider the upside of volcanic eruptions? It’s not all death, destruction and hot liquidrock—scientists have a plan to cool the planet by simulating one such eruption.Solar geoengineering involves simulating a volcano by spraying aerosols(气溶胶)into the atmosphere. When they combine with oxygen, droplets of sulfuric acid(硫酸)form. These droplets reflect sunlight away from Earth, cooling the planet. All good in theory, but the consequences are largely unknown and a few could be disastrous. In a study recently published in Nature Communications, researchers led by Anthony Jones, a climate scientist from the University of Exeter, found that using this technology in the Northern Hemisphere could reduce the number of tropical winds hitting the U.S. and Caribbean. But there’s an annoying exchang e: more winds in the Southern Hemisphere and a drought across the Sahel region of Africa. That’s because the entire climate system is linked—disrupting one region will invariably affect another. How would a nation react if another was causing its weather to get much worse? Would that be an act of war?There is, however, a case for using solar geoengineering on a global scale. Jones says it could be used to“take the edge off”the temperature increases scientists are predicting. It could be used while the world searches for more effective strategies.The study also highlights a far bigger problem with solar geoengineering: its complete lack of regulation.“T here’s nothing that could stop one country just doing it,”Jones says.“You only need about 100 aircraft with three flights per day. It would cost $1 billion to $10 billion per year.”He adds,“I t’s deeply disturbing that we have this technology that could have such a massive influence on the climate, yet there’s just no regulation to stop countries or even organizations from doing it.”Jones cautions that there is much about the climate system we do not understand, as well as far more that will need to be done before solar geoengineering is considered safe—or too dangerous to even discuss.V. TranslationsDirections:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 建议老年人晚上不要喝浓茶,以免睡不着。

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2015学年度第二学期三月高三英语试卷第 I 卷 (共103分)I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the f1. A. In a restaurant. B. At a concert.C. In a museum.D. At a flower shop.2. A. 15. B. 50. C. 85. D. 100.3. A. Excited. B. Interested. C. Disappointed. D. Entertained.4. A. Go on with the chat. B. Review his lessons.C. Connect with his friends.D. Talk with his friends face to fac5. A. Leave the paper to the woman. B. Type the paper immediately.C. Read the newspaper carefully.D. Check the paper once again.6. A. She believes the program is enjoyable. B. She doesn’t like the progC. She admires the talents in the program.D. She will watch the pr7. A. Doctor and patient. B. Librarian and student.C. Policeman and car driver.D. Post clerk and customer.8. A. It wasn’t very enjoyable. B. It was very exciting.C. It was adventurous.D. It was as good as expected.9. A. He is always in a good mood. B. He spent more money than expectedC. He is happy that he’s got a new piano.D. He’s pleased with his10. A. Mr. White’s new appointment. B. Mr. White’s vacation.C. An important vacant position.D. How to apply for a job.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked thre hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. Firing a gun. B. Robbing a motorcyclist.C. Dangerous driving.D. Injuring two people.12. A. The motorcyclist was injured. B. The driver was seriously hurt.C. The armed robbery failed.D. A car driver witnessed the robber13. A. Around 8:30 p.m. last night. B. Around 9:30 p.m. last night.C. Around 10:30 p.m. last night.D. Around 8:30 this morning.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Traditional grocery stores. B. Bigger grocery chains.C. Membership stores.D. Large discount centers.15. A. Americans have bought more organic foods than before.B. People like to go to the stores that sell natural foods.C. Supermarkets offer less variety than discount chains.D. Supermarkets are usually owned by different companies.16. A. Supermarkets are no longer important.B. There is more competition now than there used to be.C. Supermarkets have had to raise prices to make a profit.D. Natural foods have taken over the market that supeSection CDirections: In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations w you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: Read the following two passages. Fill in the blanks to make the passage c fill in each blank with one proper word. Make sure that your answers are grammatically c(A)The first year of school can be stressful - not for the kids, but for the parents!They want their little ones to do well at school and some pushy parents will already But some parents are concerned about the rules for when children should start school The School Admissions Code for England says that children (26) ______ join the recep But here is the problem: A four year old who is born in August could be in the same The older child will probably do better in class tests. He or she is almost a year ( Now England's schools minister, Nick Gibbs says that the rules should (29) ______ (c And he said that some parents “feel forced (30) ______ (send) their child to school He proposes that children that are born during the summer can join the class when th Dr. David Whitebread, an educationalist from Cambridge University says that the UK h “In countries with these later starting ages, there is a very much reduced summer-b(B)Face-Reading SystemIf a potential customer enjoys your advertisement, they are more likely to buy your p received in the real world. Now a new system could help advertisers know exactly how th The system, (34) ______ (develop) by Daniel McDuff and colleagues at the Massachusetts can then classify what is viewed as positive facial responses and smiles during the vide The team collected more than 3200 videos of people, (37) ______ faces were filmed by the one for Doritos, one for Google and one for Volkswagen, the viewers were asked if they per cent of the time.The system would be a gift for advertisers (38) ______ (try) to grab the attention of (39) ______ (view) programmes online, depending on their reaction, or as a more effectiSection BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each wordA Special Day: Microsoft’s 40th AnniversaryEarly on, Paul Allen and I set the goal of a computer on every desk and in every home. about how far computing has come since then, and we can all be proud of the __42__ role Today I am thinking much more about Microsoft’s future than its past, though. I beli and computing will become even more spreading. We are nearing the point where computers an Under Satya’s leadership, Microsoft is better positioned than ever to lead these adv the deepest commitment to research in the industry. In my role as technical advisor to Saty Skype Translator, and Holo Lens -- and those are just a few of the __47__ that are on th In the coming years, Microsoft has the opportunity to reach even more people and orga __48__ do not have access. So I hope you will think about what you can do to make the powe as the very intention of what a PC delivers makes its way into all devices.We have accomplished a lot together during our first 40 years and enable countless bu Microsoft a fantastic company now and for decades to come.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases Better Solar Energy Systems: More Heat, More LightSolar photovoltaic thermal energy systems (太阳能光伏热能系统), or PVTs, produce bot 的) solar thermal collector. That’s because they operate at low temperatures to cool cry way to gather heat.That’s a problem of economics. A solar-electric system is run at a comparatively lo (光伏的) cells can __54__ all the space on the roof, leaving little room for thermal app In a pair of studies, Joshua Pearce, an associate professor of materials science and e are Kunal Girotra from Thin Silicon in California and Michael Pathak and Stephen HarrisoMost solar panels (电池板) are made with crystalline silicon, but you can also make s but they are lighter, flexible, and cheaper. Because they __57__ much less silicon, they and are breakable.“That means that, when you expose them to light, their efficiency __59__ ---- pretty up only a small __60__ of the market.However, Pearce and his team eventually found a way to improve the __61__ of solar p thin-film silicon to make it work and improve its working efficiency. __62__, Pearce’s gro cells that largely overcame the __64__ effect. When they applied the thin-film silicon di cell’s electrical efficiency by over 10 percent.51. A. focused B. exposed to C. protected D. compared wit52. A. efficie B. reasonable C. normal D. passive53. A. value B. reward C. cost D. price54. A. put up B. take up C. make up D. break up55. A. decisio B. solution C. suggestion D. qualificatio56. A. roughly B. probably C. generally D. specially57. A. replace B. produce C. exchange D. require58. A. Unfortu B. Luckily C. Similarly D. Evidently59. A. works B. counts C. rises D. drops60. A. choice B. content C. portion D. element61. A. range B. function C. appearance D. extent62. A. In cont B. In brief C. In fact D. In general63. A. locatio B. conditions C. surroundin D. temperatures64. A. negativ B. inexact C. inevitable D. complex65. A. increas B. defined C. wasted D. loweredSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several q best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Tea drinking was common in China for nearly one thousand years before anyone in Europe expensive. It could not be bought in shops and even those people who could afford to havthought it was a vegetable and tried cooking the leaves. Then they served them mixed with them to their children as sandwiches.Tea remained scarce and very expensive in England until the ships of the East India Co the country that the price fell and many people could afford to buy it.At the same time people on the Continent were becoming more and more fond of tea. Unti tea tasted like when milk was added. She found it so pleasant that she would never again d drank their tea with milk in it. Slowly this habit spread until it reached England and t At first, tea was usually drunk after dinner in the evening. No one ever thought of clock stopped her getting “a sinking feeling” as she called it. She invited her friend66. Which of the following is true of the introduction of tea into Britain?A. British people were the first people in Europe who drank tea.B. It was not until the 17th century that British people had tea.C. British people got expensive tea from India.D. Tea reached Britain from Holland.67. What does this passage most probably talk about?A. It talks about how British people got the habit of drinking teaB. It talks about how tea became a popular drink in BritainC. It talks about the history of tea drinking in BritainD. It talks about how tea-time was born68. People in Europe began to drink tea with milk because ______.A. tea with milk stopped people getting a sinking feelingB. people followed the way a French lady drank teaC. tea with milk was then a fashionable curiosityD. tea with milk tasted much more pleasant69. We may infer from the passage that the habit of drinking tea in Britain was mostA. the upper social classB. the ancient ChineseC. a famous French ladyD. people in Holland(B)HOLIDAYS1. The Bay Hotel2. Willapark Manor Hotel3. The Country Garden Hotel4. Boscastle5. Godshill6. The B1akeney Hotel7. SW France70. Which of the following is advertised in a humorous way?A. BoscastleB. SW FranceC. GodshillD. The Bay Hotel71. A family with two kids and two dogs can only choose to stay in ______.A. The Country Garden HotelB. Willapark Manor HotelC. The Bay HotelD. Boscastle72. In which of the following can Elderly people enjoy a special price offer?A. GodshillB. The Bay HotelC. The B1akeney HotelD. The Country Garden Hotel73. All of the following hotels are close to the sea EXCEPT ______.A. SW FranceB. The Blakeney HotelC. Willapark Manor HotelD. The Country Garden Hotel(C)It’s true that high-school coding classes aren’t essential for learning computer sci dean at Carnegie Mellon’s School of Computer Science.However, Cortina said, early exposure is beneficial. When younger kids learn compute or create artwork, or test hypotheses (假设). It’s not as hard for them to transform thei becomes normal. Giving more children this training could increase the number of people i Students also benefit from learning something about coding before they get to college, students away.The Flatiron School, where people pay to learn programming, started as one of the man “we try to adjust lessons to things they’re interested in,” said Victoria Friedman, a The students in the Flatiron class probably won’t drop out of high school and build Programming languages have a quick turnover, so the “Ruby on Rails” language they l through a problem and organize the results — apply to any coding language, said Deborah Indeed, the Flatiron students might not go into IT at all. But creating a future army in their offices, in their homes — for the rest of their lives. The younger they learn ho to do that — the better.74. Cortina holds that early exposure to computer science makes it easier to ______.A. remodel the way of thinkingB. perfect artwork productionC. formulate logical hypothesesD. complete future job training75. Deborah Seehorn believes that the skills learned at Flatiron will ______.A. have to be upgraded when new technologies comeB. need improving when students look for jobsC. help students learn other computer languagesD. enable students to make big quick money76. According to the last paragraph, Flatiron students are expected to ______.A. stay longer in the information technology industryB. become better prepared for the digitalized worldC. bring forth innovative computer technologiesD. compete with a future army of programmers77. The word “coax” in the last paragraph is closest in meaning to ______.A. misguideB. challengeC. frightenD. persuadeSection CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the st Some futurologists have assumed that the vast increase of women in the workforce may s of this concern is that the outlook of becoming a multi-paycheck household could encourage the earning ability of a woman can make her more attractive as a marriage partner. Data sho about rainy days ahead. As the economy comes to life, the number of marriages also rises The increase in divorce rates follows to the increase in women working outside the ho less cloudy than its effect on marriage decisions. The realization that she can be a good is equally plausible (似是而非的). Tensions grounded in financial problems often play a key and emotional stability.Psychological factors also should be considered. For example, a wife blocked from a c if she can find fulfillment through work outside the home, work and marriage can go toge Also, a major part of women’s inequality in marriage has been due to the fact that, Depending upon how the couple reacts to these new conditions, it could create a stronger (Note: Answer the question or complete the statement in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)78. According to the first paragraph, what do fewer people get married for when the79. A wife may strengthen her family’s stability by working to _______________.80. Psychologically speaking, whether _______________ will have a strong effect on t81. What problem may a multi-paycheck household have?第II卷(共47分)I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in1、当你感到疲惫不堪时,为何不停下手中的事情放松一下呢?(Why…)2、当地的慈善机构安排了各种活动为那些病人筹集医疗和生活费用。

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