定语从句最新

高中定语从句详细讲解

（一）定义

1．定语从句：修饰某一或的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。例：The boy who is clever is Tom. 2．先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。

3．关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。

关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有

that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词有when, where, why 关系词通常有下列三个作用：A、引导定语从句；B、代替先行词；C、在定语从句中担当一个成分。例如：

The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman. 该句

中，是定语从句，修饰先行词，是引导定语从句的关系词，代替先行词

the man，在定语从句中作。

（二）关系代词引导的定语从句

1．who 指人，在定语从句中作主语。

Yesterday I helped an old man who had lost his way. 昨天我帮助了

一位迷路的老人。

The boys who are playing football are from Class One. 正在踢足球的

男孩是一班的。

先行词: 关系词:

定语从句:

Those who want to go to the museum must be at the school gate at 7 tomo rrow morning. 想去博物馆的人必须在明晨7点到大门口集合。

先行词: 关系词:

定语从句:

运用定语从句翻译:

That is the teacher 那就是教我们英语的老师。2．whom 指人，在定语从句中做宾语，常可省略。

Mr Liu is the person ( whom ) you talked about on the bus. 刘先生就是你们在公共汽车上谈论的那个人。

The girl ( whom ) the teacher often praises is our monitor. 老师经常表扬的那个女孩是我们的班长。

翻译:

Li Ming is just the boy. 李明正是我想要见的男孩。

The professor has come.

你正在等的教授已经来了。

注意：关系代词whom 在口语或非正式文体中常可用who 来代替，也可省略。

The man ( whom / who )you met just now is my old friend. 3．Which 指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时常可省略。Football is a game which is liked by most boys. 足球是大多数男孩所喜

欢的运动。(which在从句中做)

This is the pen ( which ) he bought yesterday. 这是他昨天买的钢笔。（which在从句中做)

翻译：

He likes to read books

他喜欢外国作家写的书。

The film was not interesting at all. 他们昨晚看

的电影一点意思也没有。

This is the pen . 这是他昨天买的钢笔。4．That 指人时，相当于who 或whom；指物时，相当于which.。在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时常可省略。

Where is the man that / whom I saw this morning? 我今天早上看到的那

个人在哪儿？

Yesterday I received a letter that / which came from Australia. 昨天我收

到了一封来自澳大利亚的信。

翻译:

1.你介绍给我的那个人很友好。

5．Whose 通常指，也可指，在定语从句中做。

I visited a scientist whose name is known all over the country. 我拜访了一个全国知名的科学家。

I once lived in the house whose roof has fallen in. 我曾经住在那幢屋顶已经倒塌了的房子里。

翻译：

他有一个爸爸当医生的朋友。

注意：指物时，常用下列结构来代替：

The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.

The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired.

Do you like the book whose cover is yellow?

Do you like the book the cover of which is yellow?

（三）“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句

关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时，从句常常由“介词+关系代词”

引出。

The school (which / that) he once studied in is very famous.

The school in which he once studied is very famous. 他曾经就读过的

学校很出名。

Tomorrow I’ll bring here the magazine (which / that) you asked for. Tomorrow I’ll bring here the magazine for which you asked.明天我

将把你要的杂志带来。

This is the boy I played tennis yesterday. 这是我昨天跟他打台球的男孩。