2019-2020学年高中英语 Unit 2 Sailing the oceans Sailing the oceans教案 新人教版选修9.doc
2019-2020学年高中英语 Unit 2 Sailing the oceans Sailing the
oceans教案新人教版选修9
教学设计在单元课时划分上与课本保持一致，
教学设计重新划分课时、
读作好词语、结构和心Pre-re
将Workbook 的READING AND LISTENING和TALKING整合在一起上一节
后
Period 1 A sample lesson plan for reading
(SAILING THE OCEANS)
Introduction
In this period, after the warming up,
students will first be guided to learn
about navigational instruments. Then they
will be helped to read an exposition about
sailing the oceans.
Three “Warming Up” designs are
presented in this book for teachers’
reference. Computer and overhead projector may be used to aid the teaching and learning.
Objectives
■ To help students learn to express causes and effects
■ To help studen ts learn to read an exposition about sailing the oceans ■ To help students better understand “sailing ”
■To help students learn to use some important words and expressions
■To help students identify examples of the future passive voice in the text Focus
the ship
Later, when seamen began to use the compass in the 12th century
Aids
Multimedia facilities, tape-recorder, photos, diagrams
Procedures
1． Warming up
⑴ Warming up by leaning about navigator
A navigator is the person onboard a ship responsible for the navigation of the vessel. On aircraft, the position may also be referred to as a flight officer. The navigator's responsibilities include planning the journey, advising the captain (or pilot) while en route, and ensuring that hazards or obstacles are avoided.
⑵Warming up by talking about Zheng He's Seven Voyages
In July 11, 1405, the eunuch Zheng He of the Ming Dynasty royal court set out on
his first overseas voyage. In the following 28 years, this navigator proceeded to carry out six more voyages, accompanied by a huge entourage of nearly 30,000 people. By traveling throughout Southeast Asia, and around the Indian Ocean to the Red Sea and East Africa, he also landed at over thirty different nations. He was the earliest largest scale navigation in world history, coming more than half a century earlier than Columbus'famous exploits...
⑶Warming up by looking and listening
Hello, class. Do you know this man? Yes, he is Marco Polo.
Marco Polo (1254-1324), is probably the most famous Westerner traveled on the Silk Ro ad. He excelled all the other travelers in his determination, his writing, and his influence. His journey through Asia lasted 24 years. He reached further than any of his predecessors, beyond Mongolia to Chin a. He became a confidant of Kublai Khan (1214-1294). He traveled the whole of China and returned to tell the tale, which became the greatest travelogue.
2. Pre-reading by learning about navigational instruments
◇artificial horizon, flight indicator, gyro horizon - a navigational instrument based on a gyroscope; provides an artificial horizon for the pilot
◇compass - navigational instrument for finding directions
◇depth finder - navigational instrument used to measure the depth of a body of water (as by ultrasound or radar)
◇inclinometer - an instrument showing the angle that an aircraft makes with the horizon
◇instrument - a device that requires skill for proper use
◇asdic, echo sounder, sonar - a measuring instrument that sends out an acoustic pulse in water and measures distances in terms of the time for the echo of the pulse to return; sonar is an acronym for sound navigation ranging; asdic is an acronym for anti-submarine detection investigation committee
3. Reading for forms
Read the text SAILING THE OCEANS on page 12 to: cut/ the sentence into thought groups, blacken the predicative, darken the connectives and underline all the useful
expressions.
4. Copying useful expressions and making sentences
You are going to copy in your notebook all the useful expressions and make sentences of your own with them.
over islands,
carry ships to their destination, explore the seas, discover new lands, increase
reduce t
5. Transforming information
Next you are going to read the text again to complete the chart below.
6. Reading the text again to decide on the type of writing and summary of SAILING THE OCEAN
Type of writing and summary of SAILING THE OCEAN
7．Making a diagram of SAILING THE OCEAN
8. Closing down by answering comprehension questions
C. H。
2019-2020年高中英语Unit2Sailingtheoceans(3)
2019-2020年高中英语Unit2Sailingtheoceans（3）Teaching Aims:a. Learn and master the key words and expressionsincident departure crew deposit dilemma drawback dusk routine pretty starvation extreme psychologically tension gradually foresee thirst hardshipb. Train the students’ reading ability.Teaching Difficult Points:a. How to help the students understand the reading passage better.b. How to improve the students’ reading ability.Teaching Methods:Scanning the text to get the general idea of it and do some other prehending exercises. Discussion after reading to make the students understand the text better.Teaching Aids:The multimedia; a tape recorder; the blackboardTeaching procedures & waysStep1 GreetingsGreet the whole class as usual.Step2 RevisionCheck the homework exercises.Suggested answers to Exercise3:I have gradually accepted the routine at school now that I am in the advanced class and make my own study plan.The drawback of using that girl for the advertising was her square jaw which made her look unfriendly.Mathematics is a subject which demands precise and accurate work.In the park I saw a small boy holding the string of a kite overhead, which was rising and falling at the mercy of the wind.That explorer wanted to secure his place in history by being the first man to reach the South Pole.Step3 Readinga. Listen to the passage and then let them do some true or false questions according to the text.1. I was forced to join Captain Bligh in the small boat.2. After the crew took o ver the ship “Boundy”, Captain Bligh was allowed to take with him a chart , a pass and a quadrant.3. It was very difficult for us to get a correct reading from the quadrant as the boat moved constantly during the course.4. Captain Bligh used a system ca lled “dead reckoning” and he knew there was land directly southwest of their original position.5. We pletely believed Captain Bligh when he talked hopefully about what we would do when we got back to England.6. Captain Bligh was as weak as the rest of us but he was determined not to give up.7. Captain Bligh kept us busy and tried to take our minds off our stomach and thirst all the way.8. We finally escaped the jaws of death and arrived in Timor over fifty days after being set loose in our small boat.Answers: (FFTFFTTF)b. Give the students a few minutes to read the passage again and then get the general idea of the text.This is the storey of Captain Bligh’s amazing journey across the Pacific Ocean in an open boat with his followers after another group of sailors under Fletcher Christian had taken over the ship. Later Captain Bligh and his men made for the island of Timor using a bination of navigational skill and “dead reckoning”, which is guessing the correct direction. The voyage lasted over 40 days and was one of the greatest examples of survival at sea.c. Explain some difficult sentences, phrases and words.Key phrases:1. in addition 另外There was an earthquake and, in addition, there were tsunamis.除了地震之外，还有海啸。
2019-2020学年高中英语 Unit2 Sailing the oceans教案 新人教版选修9.doc
2019-2020学年高中英语 Unit2 Sailing the oceans教案新人教版选
修9
（一）教学目标：
1、知识目标
（1）.理解并记住Reading部分本单元的单词和短语。
（2）.理解并掌握整个故事的情节,并能填写summary.
2、能力目标
（1）充分发挥学生的主体地位，调动学生思维的积极性，提高综合语言的运用能力
（2）通过对学生说读写的训练，增大学生的语言输入，增强其语言输出能力。
3、情感、态度、价值观目标
学生分析布莱船长在40多天的航程中所采用的航海技术以及所表现出的领导才能。
同时，又适时地对他们进行情感教育：在任何困难面前绝不畏惧，不抛弃，不放弃。
（二）教学重点与难点：
读写说均为本节课的重点，写和说部分应为难点，需加大指导和练习。
（三）教学用具：多媒体英语课件。
（四）教学设计。
2019-2020年高中英语 Unit2《Sailing the oceans》教案(2) 新人教版
2019-2020年高中英语 Unit2《Sailing the oceans》教案（2）新人教版选修9Part One: Teaching DesignPeriod 1: A sample lesson plan for reading(SAILING THE OCEANS)AimsTo help students read about sailing the oceansTo help students learn about the predicateProcedures■War ming up by leaning about navigatorWhat is a navigator?A navigator is the person onboard a ship responsible for thenavigation of the vessel. On aircraft, the position may alsobe referred to as a flight officer. The navigator's responsibilities include planning the journey, advising the captain (or pilot) while en route, and ensuring that hazards or obstacles are avoided.What is exploration?Exploration is the act of searching or traveling for the purpose of discovery, e.g. of unknown regions, including space (space exploration), or oil, gas, coal, ores, water (also known as prospecting), or information.Exploration has existed as long as human beings, but its peak is seen as being during the Age of Exploration when European navigators travelled around the world.In scientific research, exploration is one of three purposes of research (the other two being description and explanation). Exploration is the attempt to develop an initial, rough understanding of some phenomenon.■Warming up by talking about Zh eng He's Seven VoyagesIn July 11, 1405, the eunuch Zheng He of the Ming Dynasty royal court set out on his first overseas voyage.In the following 28 years, this navigator proceededto carry out six more voyages, acpanied by a hugeentourage of nearly 30,000 people. By travelingthroughout Southeast Asia, and around the IndianOcean tothe Red Sea and East Africa, he also landed at overthirty different nations.He was the earliest largest scale navigation inworld history, ing more than half a century earlierthan Columbus'famous exploits...■Warming up by looking and listeningHello, class. Do you know this man? Yes, he is Marco Polo.Marco Polo (1254-1324), is probably the most famous Westerner traveled on the Silk Road. He excelled all the other travelers in his determination, his writing, andhis influence. His journey through Asia lasted 24 years. He reached further than any of his predecessors, beyond Mongolia to China. He became a confidant of Kublai Khan (1214-1294). He traveled the whole of China and returned to tell the tale, which became the greatest travelogue.I. Pre-readingWhat are navigational instruments?●Navigational instruments were built in the age of exploration to guide the explorers to their destinations.●navigational instrume nt - an instrument used for navigatingartificial horizon, flight indicator, gyro horizon - a navigational instrument based on a gyroscope; provides an artificial horizon for the pilotpass - navigational instrument for finding directionsdepth finder - navigational instrument used to measure the depth of a bodyof water (as by ultrasound or radar)inclinometer - an instrument showing the angle that an aircraft makes with the horizoninstrument - a device that requires skill for proper useasdic, echo sounder, sonar - a measuring instrument that sends out an acoustic pulse in water and measures distances in terms of the time for the echo of the pulse to return; sonar is an acronym for sound navigation ranging;asdic is an acronym for anti-submarine detection investigation mitteeII. Reading for formsRead the text SAILING THE OCEANS on page 12 to: cut/ the sentenceinto thought groups, blacken the predicative, darken theconnectives and underline all the useful expressions.SAILING THE OCEANSWe may well wonder/ how seamen explored the oceans/ beforelatitude /and longitude made it possible /to plot a ship'sposition/ on a map．The voyages of travelers/ before the 17thcentury /show that /they were not at the mercy of the sea /even though they did not have modern navigational aids．So/ how did they navigate so well? Read these pages/ from an encyclopedia．Page l：Using nature to helpKeeping alongside the coastlineThis seems to have been the first /and most useful form of exploration /which carried the minimum amount of risk．Using celestial bodiesNorth StarAt the North Pole /the North Star is at its highest position /in the sky, but at the equator /it is along the horizon．So /acplished navigators were able to use it /to plot their positions．SunOn a clear day /especially during the summer/ the sailors could use the sun /overhead /at midday to navigate by．They can use the height of the sun /to work out their latitude．You are going to copy in your notebook all the useful expressions and make sentences of your own with them.use the sea, carry ships to their destination, explore the seas, discover new lands, increase their ability to navigate new seas, use instrumentsuse navigational instruments to help…, find longitude, secure method of measuring longitude, solve this theoretical problem, move westwards, 15 degrees every hour, method of calculating longitude, use speed and time, method of measuring speed, tie to…, over the side of the ship, throw…into…, advance through the water, pass through…, during a fixed period of time, give the speed of…, in nautical miles per hour, use the pass, use plicated mathematical tables, have a special magnetic pointer, indicate the North Pole, find the direction, in this way, set a straight course, in the middle of the ocean．find latitude, the Bearing Circle, measure the sun's position, measure the sun’s shadow, pare…with…, the height of the sun at midday, sail on…, rather than a random coursea special all-in-one tool for telling the position of the ship, in relation to…, give sb the local time, find one’s latitude at sea, use as one of the points of reference, a more precise and simplified version of the astrolabe, above the horizon, use a quarter circle, use the moving ship as one of the fixed points of reference, plunge in the waves，the updated version of the astrolabe and quadrant, reduce the tendency, make mistakes, the most accurate and reliable of these early navigational instruments, work by measuring the angleSAILING THE OCEANS■Using naviga tional instruments to help ■Using nature to help keeping alongsidethe coastline●finding longitude●Using celestial bodies: North Star;Sun; Clouds●Using wildlife: Seaweed; Birds●Finding latitude: The Bearing Circle;The Astrolabe; The Quadrant; The sextant ●Using the weather: Fog; Winds●Using the se aSailing the oceansFor thousands of years, people have been sailing across the oceans and around the world. Knowledge of ocean currents and wind patterns has allowed people to reliably reach their destinations even after crossing huge expanses of openocean.In this photograph, a sailboat uses wind and currents to move amongthe islands of Micronesia. Before modern navigational techniques weredeveloped, navigators in the South Pacific relied on stick charts toindicate island locations relative to winds andcurrents.Today, racing sailboats is a sport, and teams test their skills byracing around the world. Navigation now relies on satellites, butknowledge of wind patterns, ocean currents, and potential obstacles in unfamiliar waters is still essential for sailing.In this investigation, you'll plot a course for racing around the world in a sailboat. You'll explore some of the obstacles you might encounter on your route; then you'll温馨提示：最好仔细阅读后才下载使用，万分感谢！。
2019_2020学年高中英语Unit2SailingtheoceansSectionⅢUsingL
SectionⅢ UsingLanguage,SummingUp&Learning一、用适当的介词填空1.Some strange customs have survived earlier times.答案:from2.It is well-known to us all that the head injury is incident the motorbike accident.答案:to3. hearing the result,he felt he could hardly believe his ear.答案:On4.You’d better not reckon going abroad this summer.答案:on5.Mary went to her home when she was ready to depart the city.答案:for二、完成句子1.Only two passengers (幸免于车祸).答案:survived the car accident2.(一听到消息) that her father died,she burst outcrying.(on)答案:On hearing the news3.(与整个地球的面积相比较),the biggest ocean doesn’t seem big at all.答案:Compared with the size of the whole earth4.The story he just said is (我们想知道的).答案:what we want to know5.(他们会挨饿)if food was difficult to find.答案:They would starve6.The moment we heard of the accident,we (着手工作)to rescue those trapped in the mine.答案:set about the work7.The experiment shows that proper amounts of exercise,if (定期实施),can improve our health.答案:carried out regularly8.Mr.Black is very happy because the clothes made in his factory have never(比较受欢迎).答案:been more popular三、阅读理解1.AScientists used to explore the surface of the ocean.Now they are exploring below the surface,too.They want to know about ocean water and the plant and animal lifedeep in the ocean.In 1934,the scientist William Beebe dived 3,000 feet below the surface in ahollow steel ball.In 1960 his son Jean dived to a depth of 35,800 feet.All these early dives were deep.But the divers could not stay down for verylong.They had to come back up to surface after a few seconds.Scientists needed tostay down longer to study life below surface.Gradually they succeeded.Cousteau,a Frenchman,was able to keep men down to a depth of 36 feet for one month and to adepth of 90 feet for a week.Now scientists are developing even better equipment.With this new equipment,mencan stay below the surface for days or even weeks.In 1962,Cousteau set up a research station 35 feet below the surface.Then,in 1964,he set up another station on the ocean floor of the Red Sea.This was the first undersea station to operate without help from the surface.Many countries are now studying undersea living.Russia has an undersea laboratory in the Crimean Sea.The United States has a laboratory 50 feet down on the ocean floor off the Virgin Island.In 1970,five men lived there for two weeks.Then a team of five women scientists stayed in the laboratory.Next came other teams of men.All were there to explore the ocean depths and to make plans for the use of its resources.Scientists hope to find enough mineral,vegetable,and animal wealth there to provide food for the entire world.1.Scientists are exploring below the surface of the ocean in order to .A.know about the way of making use of the ocean waterB.stay down longer to study life of the plants and animals below the surfaceC.know about the plant and animal life and water deep in the oceanD.find ways to make people live better under the sea答案:C解析:细节理解题。
2019_2020学年高中英语Unit2Sailingtheoceans单元重点小结课件新人教版选修9
7. precise adj.精确的;准确的 8. simplify vt.单一化;简单化
9. shortcoming n.缺点;短处 10.update vt.更新
11. tendency n.趋向;倾向 12.reliable adj.可靠的;可信赖的
13.reform n.改革;革新 14.survival n.生ere to be seen
.
当什么也看不到的时候海鸟可以用来指路。
2.There was no secure method of measuring longitude until the 17th century when the British solved this theoretical problem . 直到17世纪英国人解决了这个理论问题后,人们才有了测量经度的 可靠方法。 3. Its shortcoming was that it still used the moving ship as one of
the fixed points of reference. 它的缺点是仍然用移动的船作为固定的参考物之一。
重点单词 重点短语 重点句型 重点语法 交际功能
复习谓语 1.So how did they navigate so well?他们航海怎么如此棒? 2.He had led three great Pacific voyages during his life. 他在其一生共率领了三次伟大的太平洋航行。 3.As you can see from the map we kept to a straight course pretty well. 从地图上你可以看出,我们的直线行驶保持得相当好。 4.The tension in the boat got worse as the supply of food and water gradually disappeared. 船上的紧张气氛加剧了因为食物和水的供应逐渐在消失。
2019_2020学年高中英语Unit2SailingtheoceansSectionⅢLearningaboutLanguage
[自我探究] reform 是名词，意思是____改__革__；__革__新___。
reform v． reform the social system reform sb. reform one’s ways/habits
改革；(使)改正；悔改 改革社会体制 改造某人，使某人悔改 改变某人的作风/习惯
③His family is big. 他家人口多。(强调整体) ④His family are teachers. 他的家人都是老师。(强调个体)
[巧学活用]——完成句子 (1)她一直等到所有的顾客离开商店。 She waited until all the customers _____the store. (2)尽管飞机失事，但机上所有的乘务人员都获救了。 All the crew in the plane _____though the plane crashed. 答案：(1)had departed from (2)were saved
(1)deposit sth.in sth.
把某物放在某处；把某物放在某物里面
deposit sth.with sb./sth. 把某物寄放在某人/某物处
(2)deposit n.
订金，押金
pay a deposit on sth.
付某物的订金/押金
③Some insects deposited their eggs on the ground.有些昆虫把卵 产在土里。 ④You can deposit your pet dog with me while travelling abroad. 你在国外旅游期间可以把宠物狗寄放在我家。 ⑤We have paid a 5% deposit on the house. 我们已支付了房款的 5%作为订金。 ⑥Deposits can be made at any branch. 在任何一家分行都可以存款。
2019-2020年高中英语Unit2Sailingtheoceans(1)
2019-2020年高中英语Unit2Sailingtheoceans（1）I. 单元教学目标技能目标Ability GoalsTalk about early navigationTalk about discovery and exploration of an unknown landLearn about some famous navigators and explorersLearn to express the cause and effectLearn to use the PredicateWrite a report about a navigator or an adventurous storyⅡ.目标语言a. 词汇：voyage mercy encyclopedia alongside exploration minimum celestial pole equator horizon overhead seaweed nowhere offshore accelerate outward tide secure log knot nautical magnetic random awkward reference precise simplify portable shorting update tendency reliable swoop parcel peck cliff expedition pulsory survival incident departure crew deposit dilemma drawback dusk routine reckon reckoning starvation psychology psychologically tension gradual gradually foresee thirst tear hardship jaw background roarb. 短语：at the mercy of nautical mile set loose jaws of deathc. 功能句式：Why are you...? How could you...?Why did you...? Because of....It was because.... The reason is that....As he.... Since she....Now that.... Therefore,...He was due to.... It is ..., so I’m afraid....That's why.... He.... so he is ill with fever after the voyage.III. 语法：复习谓语(The Predicate)So how did they navigate so well?As you can see from the map we kept to straight course pretty well.The tension in the boat got worse as the supply of food and water gradually disappear.So acplished navigators were able to use it to plot their position.Captain Cook had led three great Pacific voyages during his life.I’ll go and get ready to begin work.IV. 重点句子：You may well wonder…… show that they were not at the mercy of the sea even though…Sea birds could be used to show the way to land when it was nowhere to be seen.There was no secure method of measuring longitude until the 17th century when the British solved this theoretical problem.Its shorting was that it still used the moving ship as one of the fixed points of reference.I am pro ud to have sailed with Captain Bligh on his journey of…You could not imagine a more disturbing sight than what we looked like when arriving in Timor over forty days after being set loose in…V . 教材重组2.1利用W ARMING UP设计成一节任务型“口语课”。
2019-2020年高中英语Unit2Sailingtheoceans(3)
2019-2020年高中英语Unit2Sailingtheoceans（3）Teaching Aims:a. Learn and master the key words and expressionsincident departure crew deposit dilemma drawback dusk routine pretty starvation extreme psychologically tension gradually foresee thirst hardshipb. Train the students’ reading ability.Teaching Difficult Points:a. How to help the students understand the reading passage better.b. How to improve the students’ reading ability.Teaching Methods:Scanning the text to get the general idea of it and do some other prehending exercises. Discussion after reading to make the students understand the text better.Teaching Aids:The multimedia; a tape recorder; the blackboardTeaching procedures & waysStep1 GreetingsGreet the whole class as usual.Step2 RevisionCheck the homework exercises.Suggested answers to Exercise3:I have gradually accepted the routine at school now that I am in the advanced class and make my own study plan.The drawback of using that girl for the advertising was her square jaw which made her look unfriendly.Mathematics is a subject which demands precise and accurate work.In the park I saw a small boy holding the string of a kite overhead, which was rising and falling at the mercy of the wind.That explorer wanted to secure his place in history by being the first man to reach the South Pole.Step3 Readinga. Listen to the passage and then let them do some true or false questions according to the text.1. I was forced to join Captain Bligh in the small boat.2. After the crew took o ver the ship “Boundy”, Captain Bligh was allowed to take with him a chart , a pass and a quadrant.3. It was very difficult for us to get a correct reading from the quadrant as the boat moved constantly during the course.4. Captain Bligh used a system ca lled “dead reckoning” and he knew there was land directly southwest of their original position.5. We pletely believed Captain Bligh when he talked hopefully about what we would do when we got back to England.6. Captain Bligh was as weak as the rest of us but he was determined not to give up.7. Captain Bligh kept us busy and tried to take our minds off our stomach and thirst all the way.8. We finally escaped the jaws of death and arrived in Timor over fifty days after being set loose in our small boat.Answers: (FFTFFTTF)b. Give the students a few minutes to read the passage again and then get the general idea of the text.This is the storey of Captain Bligh’s amazing journey across the Pacific Ocean in an open boat with his followers after another group of sailors under Fletcher Christian had taken over the ship. Later Captain Bligh and his men made for the island of Timor using a bination of navigational skill and “dead reckoning”, which is guessing the correct direction. The voyage lasted over 40 days and was one of the greatest examples of survival at sea.c. Explain some difficult sentences, phrases and words.Key phrases:1. in addition 另外There was an earthquake and, in addition, there were tsunamis.除了地震之外，还有海啸。
2019_2020学年高中英语Unit2SailingtheoceansSectionⅢUsingLanguageSummingUp
K 课堂深入 ETANG SHENRU
一二
二、阅读课文THE GREATEST NAVIGATIONAL JOURNEY:A
LESSON IN SURVIVAL,回答下列问题
1.The passage mainly wants to tell us
.
A.Captain Bligh was a great man
我们一离开塔西提岛,一部分船员就接管了这艘船。 考点一:on+含有动作意味的名词,表示“一……就……” ①Please report to reception on arrival. 到达后请立即到nd,all soldiers must salute. 一听到将军的口令,全体士兵必须敬礼。 注意on/upon + 动词-ing形式,也表示“一……就……”。 ③On/Upon hearing the news,he became disappointed about his son. 当听到这个消息时,他对儿子感到很失望。
(最奇怪的
事情之一)in my life.
2)Many a bright idea has been hit on by accident/chance (偶然
地).
K 课前学习 EQIAN XUEXI
K 课堂深入 ETANG SHENRU
12345678
3.On our departure from Tahiti,some of the crew took over the ship.(P17)
B.it was wrong of some of the crew to deposit the captain
C.the adventures and hardships the author experienced
2019_2020学年高中英语Unit2SailingtheoceansSectionⅠWarmingUp
Unit 2 Sailing the oceans河流孕育着世界各地的文明，我们不能只是向她们索取，更重要的是要保护她们。
在美国举行的River Spirit Exchange活动，正在帮助中国和美国的青年们更好地了解对方，了解河流，从而一起协作，更好地保护河流。
Sister rivers build culturalbridge between US and ChinaThe Mississippi is the major river system in the UnitedStates.The Yangtze is China’s longest river.Although a world apart，the two water ways shareconservation(保护) concerns that provide a cultural bridgebetween students from the United States and China，as well as from other parts of the world.41 students from a dozen colleges explored a section of the Mississippi in Wisconsin and Iowa，to learn about the environment，and each other.The students，from the US，China and other countries，took part in the River Spirit Exchange program.The cross-cultural educational experience focuses on the Mississippi and China’s longest river，the Yangtze.This three day get-together featured story-telling，camping and canoeing(划独木舟)．It’s part of a larger lesson about conservation projects that can be used on both the Yangtze and Mississippi.After the group met at the Crane Foundation preserve，they headed south to an area of the Kickapoo River，where a 20-year conservation protected the natural setting of the waterway.The effort was led by the director of the Lower Wisconsin State Riverway Board.He told the group he was proud of its success.“I believe because of the Riverway Project we can make sure that our grandchildren’s grandchildren will be able to set a canoe in the waters of the Wisconsin River and be able to experience the samebeauty that we can see today and what Native Americans saw many generatio ns before.”But accomplishing that was not easy.He told the students setting rules for loggers(樵夫)，farmers，landowners and developers caused anger and even a few threats of violence between the two sides.Similar difficulties were met in China when people were trying to preserve the Yangtze River.Chinese student Lu Xiaojun said the Mississippi and Yangtze River were uniting these students from opposite ends of the earth.“We got to know each other during the exchange，” he said.He hoped that，by working together，they would find solutions to preserving these waterways.“I think it certainly helped people change their thinking and so they can look beyond now to the future.”Section ⅠWarming Up & Reading—Preparing1．mercy n．仁慈；宽恕；怜悯2．exploration n. 探险；探测3．overhead adv. 在头顶上；在空中；在高处adj. 在头上的4．random adj. 任意的；随便的5．awkward adj. 难使用的；笨拙的6．reference n. 参考7．minimum adj. 最小的；最低的8．secure adj. 安全的；可靠的9．precise adj. 精确的；准确的10．simplify vt. 单一化；简单化11．shortcoming n. 缺点；短处12．reliable adj. 可靠的；可信赖的13．update vt. 更新14．tendency n. 趋向；倾向1．at the mercy of 受……支配2．work out 制定出3．compare sth.with sth. 把……与……相比较4．in relation to... 与……相关联5．make mistakes 犯错误1．How do_you_think seamen found their way before modern accurate methods of navigation were invented?你们认为现在精确的航海方法被发明之前海员们是怎么找到方法进行航海的？2．We may well wonder how seamen explored the oceans before latitude and longitude made it possible to_plot_a_ship’s_position_on_a_map．我们很可能感到奇怪，在经纬度被用来在地图上标出船只位置之前，海员是如何进行探索的。