高三英语基础复习：定语从句
英语语法——定语从句
高中英语语法复习专题讲解-定语从句一、定义及相关术语1．定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。
2．先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。
3．关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
关系词有关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as 等；关系副词有when, where, why等。
关系词通常有下列三个作用：A、引导定语从句；B、代替先行词；C、在定语从句中担当一个成分。
例如：The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman.该句中，who is shaking hands with my father 是定语从句，修饰先行词the man，“who”是引导定语从句的关系词，代替先行词the man，在定语从句中作主语。
二、定语从句的种类以及区别定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句，现将它们之间的用法及区别列表如下限制性：她有两个当解放军的儿子。
She has two sons who are P.L.A.men.(Maybe she has other sons who are not P.L.A.men.)非限制性：她有两个儿子，他们都是解放军。
She has two sons，who are P.L.A.men.(She has only two sons.They are both P.L.A.men.)三、关系代词的用法区分1.修饰物体时关系代词that和 which的区分•只能使用that的情况：（1）当先行词即有人又有物时。
eg. I won’t forget the things and the persons that I saw.（2）当先行词被形容词最高级、序数词所修饰时。
eg. This is the first book that I bought myself.The biggest bird that I caught is this bird.（3）当先行词所在句子含疑问词who，which时。
高中英语要考的所有定语从句考点都在这里了!
高中英语要考的所有定语从句考点都在这里了！定语从句作为英语语法，在学习过程中属于中较难理解与掌握的部分，也正是由于其复杂程度较高、逻辑性较强、理解难度很大，屡屡让童鞋们在考试中丢分数、失信心、丧斗志！概念定语可以由形容词、名词、代词、分词、不定式以及介词短语等来担任，也可以由一个句子来充当，充当定语功能的句子称为定语从句。
定语从句“三要素”1.先行词：被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词①指人的先行词②指物的先行词★ 先行词还可以是前面整个句子所叙述的事情。
He has passed the driving test, which surprises all of us. (which 替代前面所叙述的事情) 先行词2.关系词：引导定语的词(1)关系词的作用①替代前面的先行词（替代作用）②连接主句和定语从句（连接作用）③在定语从句中作句子成分（成分作用）(2)关系词的分类①标准：根据关系词在从句中做的句子成分种类②关系代词：在从句中做主，宾，表，定（that/which/who/whom/whose/as）③关系副词：在从句中作状语(When/where/why)3.定语从句：用来做定语，修饰限定先行词的句子定语从句的分类：①限制性定语从句：对先行词起限定修饰作用。
He is a teacher who works at our school.②非限制性定语从句：对先行词起补充说明作用(先行词与定语从句之间有逗号隔开)Beijing, which is the capital of China, is a beautiful city with a long history.比较：He has two sons, who work in the same company.(He has only two sons.)He has two sons who work in the same company.(Perhaps he has two more sons)定语从句的10个难点1.关系代词的省略(限定性定语从句)(1)关系代词在定语从句中作宾语She is the girl (whom / that) I loved before. (可以省略whom/that)(2)关系代词在定语从句中作表语He is no longer the boy (that) he used to be. (可以省略that)(3)关系代词作介词宾语，介词在从句句尾时可以省略Housing price is a problem (that/which) people are interested in. 比较：Housing price is a problem in which people are interested.（此时只能用which且不能省略）2.先行词是人(that/who的区别)(1)用that的情况①以疑问词who开头的句子中Who is the man that is shouting there?②关系代词在从句中作表语时She is not the girl that she used to be.③先行词被the very, the right, the only修饰This is the very person that we are looking for.(2)用who的情况①先行词是one, ones, anybody, all, none, those 等Those who want to go to the cinema will have to wait at the gate of the school.②句子中有两个定语从句,一个用了that,另外一个用whoWho is the boy that won the gold medal?③在there be 结构中There are many young men who are against him.④在非限定性定语从句当中Tom, who is my best friend, has gone abroad to study.3.先行词是物(that / which的区别)(1)用which的情况①在非限定性定语从句中She lost the game, which depressed her greatly.②关系词置于介词之后，作宾语The pen with which you write is Jack’s.③先行词是that或定语从句中套定语从句,一个关系词用that,另一个用which.Let me show you the novel that I borrowed from the library which is newly open to us.(2)用that的情况①先行词是不定代词如all, little, few, much,anything, everything, nothing, none, no one等She did all that she could to help us.②先行词被all, every, no, some, little, much, the only, he very, the right，the last等所修饰时This is the very book that I want.③先行词中既有人又有物时She described in her compositions the people and he places that impressed her most.④先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级修饰时This is the best book that I have ever read.This is the first film that I’ve seen since I came here.⑤定语从句中套定语从句，其中一个关系词以用which, 另外一个用thatHe built a factory which produced things that had never been seen before.⑥当主句的主语是疑问词which,另一个用thatWho is the person that is standing at the gate?4.As引导定语从句用法(1)As 既可以引导限制性定语从句也可以用于非限定性定句中充当主语，宾语，表语等。
高三英语定语从句知识点及习题
定语从句一．The boy who was in the office yesterday is my brother . 昨天在办公室的那个男孩是我弟弟。
限制性定语从句，去掉该从句，句子就失去原有的含义，而且也不大讲得通。
A student (who works hard ) will make progress . 一个努力学习的学生会取得进步。
二．非限制性定语从句，对先行词没有限定作用，只起进一步说明的作用，去掉它，主句仍成立，意义也无变化：Our teacher is very strict with us , which does much good . 我们的教师对我们很严格，这对我们有很大好处。
三．引导定语从句的关系代词，在定语从句中作主语，表语，定语或宾语1．〕关系代词：who , which , that , as , whom , whoseGive this book to the man who is over there . (主语)I am interested in the book (which /that) you talked about yesterday . (宾语，可以省略)He is not the man as he was before . (表语) 他跟过去不一样了。
2．〕关系副词：where , when , why , 在从句中作状语：This is the house where he was born . (地点状语) 这就是他出生的那座房子。
That was the first day when he worked as a teacher .〔时间状语〕那是他当教师的第一天。
Can you tell me the reason why he was late this morning ? (原因状语) 你能告诉我他今天早上迟到的原因吗？四．关系代词须知事项：1．〕who & whom(1). 指人时在介词后只用whom :Have you met the person about whom she was speaking ? 你见到她当时正在谈论的那个人了吗？(1). 在非限制性定语从句中，指人时做主语用who，做宾语时用whom，〔不用who替代〕John Baird，who was a Scotsman，invented the first television set in 1925。
高三英语定语从句知识精讲
高三英语定语从句【本讲主要内容】定语从句【知识总结归纳】定语从句：在复合句中修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
An architect is someone who designs buildings.Barbara worked for a company that makes washing machines.The woman whom I wanted to see was away on holiday.The last time I saw her, she looked very well.The reason I’ m phoning you is to invite you to a party.定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。
The woman who lives next door is a doctor.My brother Jim, who lives in London, is a doctor.We stayed at the hotel （that） Ann recommended to us.We stayed at the Grand Hotel, which Ann recommended to us.I. 先行词：在定语从句中被修饰的词叫先行词。
II. 关系词：用来引导定语从句的词有关系代词和关系副词，放在先行词和定语从句之间，起连接作用，同时又做定语从句的一个语法部分。
关系代词：that, which , who , whom , whose关系副词：when , where , why（一）关系代词：that, which, who, whom, whose1. that：既可以指物，也可以指人，在从句中做主语或宾语．A plane is a machine that can fly．（主语）The car which I hired broke down．（宾语）Who is the man that is reading the newspaper over there?（主语）2. which指物，在从句中做主语或宾语．A chemist's shop is a shop which sells medicine．（主语）These are the books which you ordered．（宾语）3. who，whom，指人，在从句中分别做主语和宾语，The man who robbed him has been arrested．（主语）The girl whom I saw told me to come back today．（宾语）4. whose用来做定语从句中的主语或宾语的定语。
高中定语从句全面详细讲解
高中定语从句全面详细讲解高中定语从句详细讲解一、定义及相关术语定语从句是修饰名词或代词的从句，通常紧跟在先行词之后。
先行词是被定语从句修饰的词，而引导定语从句的词叫做关系词，包括关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词有that。
which。
who。
whom。
whose。
as等；关系副词有when。
where。
why 等。
关系词有三个作用：引导定语从句、代替先行词、在定语从句中担当一个成分。
例如：The man who is XXX。
这句话中，“who”是引导定语从句的关系词，代替先行词the man，在定语从句中作主语。
二、关系代词引导的定语从句1.who指人，在定语从句中作主语。
例如：XXX are from Class One。
正在踢足球的男孩是一班的。
Those who want to go to the museum must be at the school gate at 7 XXX。
想去博物馆的人必须在明晨7点到大门口集合。
XXX I helped an old man who had lost his way。
昨天我帮助了一位迷路的老人。
That is the XXX。
那就是教我们物理的老师。
2.whom指人，在定语从句中做宾语，常可省略。
例如：Mr。
Liu is the person (whom) you talked about on the bus。
XXX就是你们在公共汽车上谈论的那个人。
Li Ming is just the boy (whom) I want to see。
XXX正是我想要见的男孩。
The professor (whom) you are waiting for has come。
你正在等的教授已经来了。
The girl who is often praised by the teacher is our monitor。
She is a responsible and diligent student who always sets a good example for the rest of the class.The man you just met is my old friend。
高三英语二轮复习——定语从句讲义
定语从句（复习）The Attributive clause教学目标：1.复习定语从句的定义及相关术语2.比较关系代词与关系副词的用法3.比较定语从句与其他句型的异同（一）定义及相关术语1.定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。
2.先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。
3.关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
关系词有关系代词和关系副词关系代词有: that, which, who, whom, whose,as等关系副词有: when, where, why关系词通常有下列三个作用：A.引导定语从句B.代替先行词；C.在定语从句中担当一个成分The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman.（二）关系代词与关系副词的区别1). a. The reason _______he missed the speech is that he forgot the time.b. The reason_____________he gave us sounded reasonable.2). a. I’ll never forget the day ____________we spent together in Paris.b. I’ll remember the day________we stayed together at that time.3). a. Is this the factory______________ we visited last year?b. Is this the house _________Lincoln once lived?c. Is this house ________ we visited last year?解题点拨:Let’s have a try(抢答大战)1) He has got himself into a dangerous situation___he is likely to lose control over the plane.A. whereB. whichC. whileD. why2) We are living in an age _____ many things are done on computer.(’03春招）A. whichB. thatC. whoseD. when3) There were dirty marks on her trousers______ she had wiped her hands.(’04吉林)A. whereB. whichC. whenD. that4) We visited the factory ______ makes toys for children.A. whereB. whichC. in whichD. at which拓展1：介词与关系代词1).This is the reason ___ _____________ he left his hometown.2). I’ll never forget the day ___ ____________we stayed together3).This is the girl ______ _______I learned the news.4). This is the girl _____ is taken good care ___ in the hospital.5).I’ll show you a store___ ____________ you may buy all that you need.6).I don’t like the way__ ___________ you laughed at her.解题点拨：拓展2：as 与which的区别1).The meeting, _______was held in the park, was a great success.2). I will read as many books_____are required. .3). She has married again, _______ was unexpected4). ___is known to us all, Taiwan is a part of China.解题点拨：（三）关系代词“that”专用区1.当先行词是everything, anything, nothing , all, none, few, little, some等代词时，或当先行词受every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等代词修饰时。
高中英语语法知识总结：定语从句
高中英语语法知识总结：定语从句下面就是小编给大家带来的高中英语语法知识总结：定语从句，希望能帮助到大家!高中英语语法知识总结：定语从句易错点1 关系代词与关系副词的混用1.定语从句相当于一个形容词，起定词作用，修饰名词或代词2.定语从句的引导词的三种功用:( 1)引导定语从句(2)替代先行词(3)在定语从句中充当一定的成分。
3.解题要领:根据定语从句中所缺成分来确定是用关系代词还是关系副词，决不要因先行词是时间名词就用when，是地点名词就用where。
易错点2 关系代词who、whom、whose的误用对于定语从句关系词的考查，首先要确定从句是什么类型的从句，然后再分析关系词在从句中的成分，最后选择正确的词。
要求考生具有一定的句子分析能力，和理解能力。
如果缺少主宾表，要用that或which，缺少状语用关系副词when，where，why，缺少定语用whose。
易错点3 关系代词that和which的误用只用which，不能用that的情况(1) 在介词提前到关系代词之前形成"介词+关系代词"结构来修饰表事物的先行词时，关系代词必须用which.如：☞The house in which we live is very large. 我们住的房子非常大。
这就是老师正在谈及的那本参考书。
注意：如果介词不放在修饰事物的限定性定语从句的句首，which就可换为that，如：☞This is the question which/that we’ve had so much discussion about. =This is the question about which we’ve had so much discussion. 这就是我们已经多次讨论过的问题。
(2) 先行词为"those+表事物的复数名词"时，关系代词通常只用which而不用that。
如：☞Students should keep in mind those regulations which restrict their behavior.学生应牢记那些规范自己的行为准则。
高三英语高考语法知识点归纳总结定语从句
When, where和why在引导定语从句时可以用“介词＋which”的结构来替换，在引导状语从句时却不行。
This is the factory in which (where) his father once worked.
这就是他的父亲曾经工作过的那个工厂。（定语从句）
the same ...that
the same... as指同类事物
the same ...that指原物
That’s the same tool as I used last week.（同类工具，不是同一把）
That’s the same tool that I used last week.那就是我上周用过的工具。
这是几年前我们居住的地方。（定语从句，先行词为the place）
Let’s go where we can find a better job.
我们到能找到更好的工作的地方去吧。（地点状语从句）
定语从句修饰、限制、说明名词，只能放在先行词的后面，而状语从句说明动作发生的情况，并且可以放在主句的前面。
She is the pop star (that) I want to see very much.
which
物
主语，宾语
The book (which) I gave you was worth $10.
The picture which was about the accident was terrible.
只用which, who, whom的情况
1.在非限制性定语从句中，只能用which指代物，用who/whom指人
2.在由“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句中，只能用which指物，whom指人。
高三英语语法复习课件定语从句
He likes to read books which are written by foreign writers. The house which is by the lake looks nice. This is the pen ( which ) he bought yesterday. The film ( which ) they went to see last night was not interesting at all.
4．that 指人时，相当于 who 或 whom；指物时，相当于 which。在定语从句中作主语 或宾语，作宾语时常可省略。
The number of people that / who come to visit this city each year reaches one million.
高三英语语法复习课件定语从句
（一）定义及相关术语
1.定语从句： 修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语 从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修 饰的先行词之后。
2.先行词： 被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。 3.关系词： 引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
关系词有关系代词和关系副词
关系代词有: that, which, who, whom, whose, as等
2. where 指地点，在定语从句 中作地点状语。
Shanghai is the city where I was born.
The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down.
I visited the farm where a lot of cows were raised .
The man with whom you talked just now is my neighbour.
高考英语 定语从句知识点归纳讲解(课件)
试卷讲评课件
▲ as通常以the same … as或such … as的形式引导定语从句，as在定 语从句中作主语、宾语或表语等。 as和which引导非限制性定语从句中都能指代整句内容，which译为“这”， as 译为“正如”。但定语从句位于句首时只能用as。As we all know,…/As is known to all,…(正如大家所知道….)
二、定语从句的关系词用法
试卷讲评课件
(一)关系代词：who、whom、which、that、whose、as
关系代词 who whom whose which that as
先行词 人 人
人/物 物
人/物 人/物
在从句中充当的成分 主语、宾语、表语
宾语 定语 主语、宾语 主语、宾语、表语 主语、宾语、表语
三、非限制性定语从句
试卷讲评课件
非限定性定语从句，从句式上看，有逗号隔开。它既可以修饰先行词， 也可修饰整个句子。它对其先行词没有限定、修饰的作用，只起补充、 说明的作用。 1.非限制性定语从句通常不能用that 2. 非限制性定语从句不能用why引导，要用for which代替why。例如： I had told them the reason，for which I didn't attend the meeting. 3. 非限制性定语从句置于句首时，不能用which引导。关系代词as引导 非限制性定语从句位置比较灵活，可以放主句前，也可以放主句后。
Tranquil/ˈtræŋkwəl/
试卷讲评课件
Li Shangyin(李商隐) 1.Li Shangyin was a Chinese poet of the late Tang Dynasty and born in Henei. 2.Li Shangyin was a typical late Tang poet. His works are sensuous, dense and allusive. 3.His most famous and cryptic poem is called Jin Se. sensuous/ˈsenʃuəs/ , dense/dens/ and allusive/əˈluːʒən/ .敏感、晦涩、含 沙射影。 Shangguan Wan'er(上官婉儿) 1. Shangguan Wan'er was a talented woman in Tang dynasty.
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１．I’ve come to the point where I can’t stand him.
２．国家正处在随时有可能爆发战争的局势中。
２．The country is in the situation where a war will break out at any time.
sister was working.
考点四：as的用法（10、14）
as\that\which 1. It is such a big stone _____ as nobody can lift. that nobody can lift it. 2. It is such a big stone _____ 3. ______ As is known to all, he is the best student. 4. Jim passed the driving test, which _____ surprised everybody in the office.
根据下列句子，完成短文。
众所周知，2008年北京将举办奥运 会。英语作为一种国际语言，将会在 交流中起着重要作用。作为一名高三 学生，我们应抓住现在的学习机会努 力学好它。只有这样，才能为奥运贡 献自己的力量。 注意：要使用定语从句.
As is known to all, Beijing will host the 2008 Olympic Games . English, which is an international language , plays an important part in communicating with foreigners. We Senior Three students should seize this opportunity to learn it well, by which we can make our contributions to the Olympic Games.
考点二、连接词before的小结：(26)
一、含义 1． We had sailed four days and four nights before we saw land. “……才” 2． We hadn’t run a mile before he felt tired. “不到……就” 3． Please write it down before you forget it. “趁……” “还没来得及” 4．Before I could get in a word, he had measured me. 二．Before从句中谓语不用否定式。如： Before they reached the station, the train had gone. 三．1）句型It will be/was＋段时间＋before…“还要过多久才……” 如：It will be two years before he leaves the country. 2）句型It will be/was not＋一段时间＋before…“不多久就……” 如： It wasn’t two years before he left the country. 3）句型It is＋段时间＋since…时间的计算一律从since从句的 动作完成或状态结束时算起。如： It is three years since she was in the army. It is three years since she joined the army.
归纳：as引导限制性定语从句先行词前常被such, the same, so, as 修饰，即构成such…as , the same …as, so…as, 结构， 做题时容易忽略。as在定语从句中应充当成分如：主语、 宾语或表语。 as 与which引导非限制性定语从句都能指代整句内容，但 定语从句位于句首时，只能用 as, 意为“正如、恰如”。
综合考查一：定语从句与强调句
where\that 定语从句 where borrowed the book. 1.This is the library_____I that borrowed the book. 2.It is from this library____I
3. ---Where did you last see Mr. Smith? 强调句型 ---It was in the hotel____ I lived. A. that B. which C. where D. when
做题要灵活：要分析句子成分，选择 恰当的关系词。
考点二、when 的用法（1、5）
• 1. It was October _____we met in • Damiao for the first time. • 2. It was in October _____we met in • Damiao for the first time. • A. that B. which • C. when D. while
考点三：介词+关系词（4、６、11、18）
1. Do you know the boy __ ____ your mother to whom is talking? 2. I still remember the day on ___which ____ I first got to Paris. with ______ which I am 3. He gave me some novels _____ not very familiar. which______ / that / 不填I 4. He gave me some novels _____ am not very familiar with. I recognized the boss in whose company my 5.5. 译：这是我要照顾的小孩。
考点四：as的用法
做题技巧?
当主句中出现such 或so 时,看后面从句是否 缺主语或宾语: (1)缺主语或宾语,从句前用as (2)不缺主语和宾语,从句前用that 当主句中出现the same时, 后面从句缺主语 或宾语时与as搭配表同一类事物,与that搭配 表同一个事物
模拟训练 ：
1. He is such a lazy man_____ nobody wants to work with______. A. as; him B. that; / C. as; / D. whom; him 2. Mrs. Black took the police back to____ place ____ she witnessed the robbery. A. the same; as B. the same; where C. the same ; that D. as the same; as
定语从句复习
基础知识回顾: 关系词及其意义
指代人 who, whom, that, as 指代事物 which, that, as 所属关系 whose 指地点 where 关 指时间 when 系 指原因 why 副 词 做题技巧? 先分析定语从句中缺少什么成分 关 系 代 词
归 纳 总 结
考点一、where 的用法（12 、15、17）
综合考查二：定语从句与同位语从句 that/which that our 1. We all have heard the news_____ team won. that/which/— 2. We don’t believe in the news _________ he told us yesterday. 综合考查三：定语从句与表语从句 ◆ The place ____ the bridge is supposed to be built should be_____ the cross-river traffic is the heaviest. （05 江苏） A. which; where B. at which; which C. at which; where D. which; in which
Байду номын сангаас
考点五、way ,reason 为先行词 （7 )
填上合适的关系词并分析原因： 缺状语 that/in which/不填 1.The way _________________he explained the sentence to us was not difficult to understand. that/ which/不填 2.The way _________________he explained to us was quite simple.
状语从句考点一：时间状语从句的特殊用法
• 1．一些词，如the moment, the minute, the instant, • immediately, directly, instantly, hardly…when, • scarcely…when, no sooner…than等也可引导一个时 • 间状语从句，相当于as soon as的意思。 • I didn’t wait a moment, but came immediately you • called. • 2．一些含有time的名词短语，如every time, each time, • next time, by the time等，以及the day, the year, • the morning等，也可引导一个时间状语从句。 • The day he returned home, his father was already • dead. • Next time you come, please bring your composition. • 3. 如果hardly或no sooner或scarcely置于句首，句子必 • 须用部分倒装结构。 • Hardly had I got home when it began to rain.