1.英语名词单复数变化规律及练习题
英语可数名词变复数的规则(附练习及答案)

英语可数名词变复数的规则(附练习及答案)1、一般情况加s2、以s, sh, ch, x结尾加es,读/iz/。
3、以辅音字母+y结尾,变y为i再加es,读/iz/。
4、以辅音字母+o结尾的,有生命加es;无生命加s。
5、以f,fe结尾,去f,fe变ves。
一. 名词单数变复数的规则变化1. 一般在名词词尾加"-s"(清辅音后读/s/,浊辅音和元音后读/z/)map—maps地图bird—birds鸟orange—oranges 桔子bike—bikes自行车2. 以s, x, ch, sh结尾的名词加"-es"(读/iz/)box—boxes盒子class—classes班级watch—watches手表dish-dishes盘,碟子,餐具3. 辅音字母+o结尾的名词后面加"-es"(中小学阶段不多,单独记忆)tomato—tomatoes西红柿potato—potatoes土豆hero—heroes英雄negro—negroes黑人辅音字母+o结尾的名词后面加"-s"(一般为外来词或者缩写词)photo—photos相片kilo—kilos千克元音字母+o结尾的名词后面加"s" radio—radios收音机zoo—zoos动物园4. 以辅音字母加y结尾的名词,变y为i加"-es " baby—babies婴儿family—families家庭party—parties聚会以元音字母加y结尾的名词直接加"-s" boy—boys男孩toy—toys 玩具5. 以fe或f结尾的名词,把fe或f变为v加"-es"(读/vz/,数量不多,单独记忆)knife—knives小刀wife—wives妻子leaf—leaves树叶直接加-sroof—roofs房顶proof—proofs证据chief—chiefs首领两种都可以handkechief手绢—handkerchiefs / handkerchieves二. 名词单数变复数的不规则变化1. child—children 孩子foot—feet 脚tooth—teeth 牙齿mouse—mice 老鼠man—men 男人woman—women 女人注意:与man 和woman构成的合成词,其复数形式也是-men 和-women,例如:an Englishman—two Englishmen 但German不是合成词,故复数形式为Germans;Bowman是姓,其复数是the Bowmans(鲍曼一家)。
小学英语名词变复数练习试题

小学英语名词变复数练习试题一、名词名词可以分为可数名词与不可数名词,其中可数名词具有单、复数的形式;而不可数名词没有复数形式。
1. 从单数复数,变形规则如下:1.一般情况下,直接加-s,如:book-books,bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds2.以s. x. sh. ch结尾,加-es,如:bus-buses, box-boxes, watch-watches3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i, 再加-es,如:family-families(家庭),strawberry-strawberries(草莓)4.以“f或fe”结尾,变f或fe为v, 再加-es,如:knife-knives 5.不规则名词复数:man-men, woman-women, policeman(男警察)-policemen, policewoman(女警察)-policewomen, mouse-micechild(孩子)-childrenfoot-feet,. tooth-teethfish-fish, sheep(羊)-sheep people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese,当people后加上s时即peoples表示“民族”例如:There are 56 peoples in China. 中国有56个民族。
2.以下词为常为不可数名词,他们的复数形式就是他们本身。
Water(水) milk(牛奶) tea(茶) rice(米饭) orange(橙汁)juice (果汁)bread(面包)练习题写出下列各词的复数I _________this ___________that___________ watch _______child _______photo________diary _________day________ foot________ book_______ dress ______________tooth_______ sheep ______box_______ strawberry _____________ thief _______yo-yo ______ peach______ sandwich _______________ man______ woman_______ paper_______juice____________________water________ milk________ rice__________ tea_______________-注意be 动词遇到名词时的运用: 单数名词用is, 复数名词全用are.名词单复数讲解及练习名词单复数(1)名词可以分为可数名词和不可数名词,不可数名词没有单复数,一律看作单数。
初中英语名词单复数练习题训练题

1.名词复数的规则变化变复数后的读音[iz]2.名词复数的不规则变化①单数与复数同形的名词sheep 绵羊 fish 鱼 deer 鹿 Chinese 中国人 Japanese 日本人②词尾加-en或-renox-oxen 牛 child-children 小孩③改变词内元音字母man - men 男人 woman - women 女人 foot - feet 脚 goose - geese 鹅 tooth - teeth 牙齿 mouse-mice 老鼠一. 名词单数变复数填空1.orange text bed cakecomputer apple house quilt plane tree lesson banana shirt month cup parent2.piano photo radio zoo tomato potato hero negro3.class fox watch glass dress brush box bus4.shelf knife wife life leaf thief wolf5.family country army citystory baby butterfly6.toy day key boy7.sheep fish deer Chinese8.child ox man woman foot goose tooth mouse二.代词/ be动词单数变复数this ______ that _________ I _______ you ________she_______ he ________ it ________ am _____ is _______三:把下列的单词变为复数形式1.key2.boy3.family4.case5.backpack6.dictionary7.watchputer 9.game 10.notebook11.bag 12.math 13.alarm 14.video15.tape 16.hat 17.pear 18.egg19.apple 20.carrot 21.vegetable22.star 23.sock 24.shirt 25.shoe26.skirt 27.sweater 28.clerk29.store 30.shop_________四:句子单数变复数1.This is a book. . __________________________2.That is an eraser. ___________________________3.It is a red apple. ____________________________4.I am a boy. ______________________________5.He / She is a teacher. __________________________6.What’s this? _________________________________五:名词复数变单数练习1:Those are my friends._________________________2: They are English boys. __________________________3: They are some erasers. ________________________4: These are dictionaries. ___________________________5: we are students. ___________________________6: what color are your books ? ______________________六:根据句意及所给单词填空。
(完整版)小学英语名词单数变复数规则及练习

小学英语可数名词变复数形式的规则1一般情况,在词尾加-s.desk---desks 书桌girl---girls 女孩boy---boys 男孩pen---pens 钢笔2以-s,-x,-ch,-sh结尾的词,在词尾加--esbus---buses 公共汽车box--boxes箱子brush--brushes 刷子watch--watches 手表3以辅音字母加-y结尾的词,变y为i,加-es baby-babies 婴儿family--families家庭4以-f或-fe结尾的词,变f或fe为v,再加-esknife---knives刀leaf---leaves树叶5以辅音字母加-o结尾的词,有生命的,在词尾加-es;tomato---tomatoes西红柿potato--potatoes马铃薯没有生命的,在词尾加-sphoto---photos 照片6可数名词变为复数形式的不规则变化如下:foot---feet脚mouse---mice老鼠goose---geese鹅child---children孩子ox---oxen公牛m a n---m e n男人wom a n---wom e n女人Chinese--Chinese中国人deer---deer鹿fish---fish鱼sheep---sheep绵羊<一>、写出下列名词的复数形式1、orange oranges2、class classes3、text texts4、monkey monkeys5、piano pianoes5、child 7.shelf8、bed 9、country10.Family 11、toy 12、foot 13、Japanese 14、radio 15、photo 16、army 17、tomato 18、fox 19、woman 20、knife 22、sheep1)、选择填空1、There on the wall .They are very beautiful.A.are photoesB. are photosC. is a photoD. is photos2. This kind of car made in Shanghai.A. is B .are C .were D .has3. There are four and two in the group.A. Japanese, Germen B Japaneses, GermenC. Japanese,GermanD.Japanese, Germans4. That’a art book.A. anB. aC. the D are5. The boys have got already.A. two breadB. two breadsC. two pieces of breadD. two piece of bread6. The old man wants .A. six boxes of applesB. six boxes of appleC. six box of applesD. six boxs of apples7. There some in the river.A. is ,fishB. are, fishsC. is, fishsD. are ,fish8. There two in the box.A. is watchB. are watchesC. are watchD. is watches9. We should clean twice a day.A .our tooth B. our toothsC.teethD.our teeth10.The _____ meeting room is near the reading room.A.teacherB.teacher’sC.teachers’D.teachers11. In Britain _____ are all painted red.A.letter boxesB.letters boxesC.letter boxD.letters box2)选择填空1.They come from different ______A. countryB. countriesC. a countryD. countrys2.How many ______ do you see in the picture?A. tomatosB. tomatoesC. tomatoD. the tomato3. They are______.A . woman teachers B. women teachersB.women teacher D. woman teacher4. Would you like _______ ,please?A. two glass of waterB. two glasses of waterC.C. two glass of watersD.two glasses of waters5.Most of ______ live in _______.A.Germans, GermanB. German, GermenB.Germen, Germany D. Germans, Germany6.There are some ______ in these _______.A.knifes pencil-boxesB.knives pencils-boxC.knives pencil-boxD.knives pencils-boxes7. ______ like ______ by air.A. Greens, travellingB. The Green, travelingC. The Greens, travelD. The Greens, traveling8.I wonder why ______ are interested in action films (武打片).A.the peopleB. peopleB.peoples D. the peoples9.There is no ______ in the plate.A.applesB. orangesC. riceD. eggs3).填入所给名词的正确形式1.I have two_____ (knife)2.There are many _____ here. (box)3.There are many _____ on the road. (bus)4.A few _____ are drawing on the wall. (boy)5.The _____ are playing football now. (child) 4)写出下列名词的复数形式。
初中英语语法练习题及答案

初中英语语法练习题及答案一、名词1. 单复数变化- 单数名词变为复数时,一般规则是在名词后面加上 -s 或 -es。
- 例题:The boy is playing with his toys.- 答案:toys2. 不可数名词- 不可数名词没有复数形式,通常用来表示物质、抽象概念等。
- 例题:She needs some advice before making a decision. - 答案:advice二、动词1. 时态- 英语中有多种时态,如一般现在时、一般过去时、现在进行时等。
- 例题:I am reading a book right now.- 答案:am reading2. 主谓一致- 动词的形式需要与主语在人称和数上保持一致。
- 例题:The team is playing well this season.- 答案:is三、形容词和副词1. 比较级和最高级- 形容词和副词有比较级和最高级形式,用来比较事物。
- 例题:Of the two sisters, she is the taller one. - 答案:taller2. 形容词的位置- 形容词通常放在名词前面,而副词则放在动词后面。
- 例题:The beautiful flowers are in full bloom. - 答案:beautiful四、代词1. 人称代词- 代词用来代替名词,避免重复。
- 例题:This is my book. I like it very much.- 答案:I2. 指示代词- 指示代词用来指代特定的人或物。
- 例题:This is the book that you are looking for. - 答案:that五、介词1. 时间介词- 介词用来表示时间关系,如 at, in, on 等。
- 例题:We usually have lunch at noon.- 答案:at2. 地点介词- 介词用来表示地点关系,如 in, on, at 等。
英语单数变复数练习题

英语单数变复数练习题名词可以分为可数名词与不可数名词,其中可数名词具有单、复数的形式;而不可数名词没有复数形式。
1. 从单数复数,变形规则如下:1.一般情况下,直接加-s,如:book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds2.以s. x. sh. ch结尾,加-es,如:bus-buses, box-boxes, watch-watches3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i, 再加-es,如:family-families, strawberry-strawberries4.以“f或fe”结尾,变f或fe为v, 再加-es,如:knife-knives5.不规则名词复数:man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-micechild-childrenfoot-feet,. tooth-teethfish-fish, sheep-sheep people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese,当people后加上s 时即peoples表示“民族”例如:There arepeoples in China. 中国有56个民族。
2.以下词为常为不可数名词,他们的复数形式就是他们本身。
Water milk tea rice orangejuicebread 练习题写出下列各词的复数I _________this ___________that___________watch _______child _______photo ________diary _________day________ foot________ book_______ dress ______________tooth_______ sheep ______box_______ strawberry _____________thief _______yo-yo ______ peach______ sandwich _______________man______ woman_______ paper_______ juice____________________water________ milk________ rice__________ tea_______________-注意be 动词遇到名词时的运用: 单数名词用is, 复数名词全用are.名词单复数讲解及练习名词单复数名词可以分为可数名词和不可数名词,不可数名词没有单复数,一律看作单数。
英语名词变化练习题

英语名词变化练习题Part 1: 单数变复数在英语中,很多名词需要将其单数形式变成复数形式。
下面是一些常见的名词变化练习题,请将其单数形式转换成复数形式。
1. book2. dog3. city4. child5. box6. potato7. sheep8. tooth9. fish10. mousePart 2: 复数变单数同样地,在英语中,许多名词需要将其复数形式转换为单数形式。
请将下面的复数名词转换为单数形式。
1. cars2. houses4. trees5. cities6. children7. mice8. oranges9. knives10. feetPart 3: 不规则名词变化有一些名词的变化规则是不规则的,需要记忆其特殊的变化形式。
下面是一些需要记忆的不规则名词变化,请将其单数形式转换成复数形式。
1. man2. woman3. child4. foot5. tooth6. mouse7. goose9. leaf10. oxPart 4: 名词的大小写变化有些名词在特定情况下需要进行大小写的变化。
下面是一些常见的名词大小写变化情况,请根据所给情况进行变化。
1. president of the United States2. queen of England3. prime minister of Canada4. the nile river5. the sahara desert6. mount everest7. the pacific ocean8. golden gate bridge9. central park10. taj mahal以上就是英语名词变化练习题的相关内容。
通过练习,你可以更好地熟悉名词的变化规则和特殊情况。
希望这些练习题对你提高英语水平有所帮助!。
英语名词单复数变化规则、代词及其练习

英语名词单复数变化规则、代词及其练习⼀、名词1、名词的分类:可数名词和不可数名词。
例:可数不可数teacher hairbook a glass of waterpeople ricefamily happinessclothes a piece of paper2、可数名词的单复数变化规则:(1)⼀般情况下,直接加-s。
例:cake —cakes bag —bags face —faces(2)以s,x,sh,ch结尾的词,加-es。
例:bus —buses watch —watches(3)以辅⾳字母加y结尾的词,改y为i再加-es。
例:baby —babies country —countries family —families(4)部分以f或者fe结尾的词,改f或fe为v,再加-es。
例:knife —knives half —halves(5)以o结尾的词,有⽣命的加-es,⽆⽣命的加-s。
例:zoo —zoos photo —photostomato —tomatoes potato —potatoes(6)不规则变化。
例:man —men woman —women foot —feet child —children mouse —micesheep —sheep Chinese —Chinese⼆、⼈称代词和物主代词1、⼈称代词⼈称格数单数复数主格宾格主格宾格第⼀⼈称I me we us 第⼆⼈称you you you you第三⼈称he himthey them she herit it2、物主代词类别⼈称数单数复数第⼀⼈称第⼆⼈称第三⼈称第⼀⼈称第⼆⼈称第三⼈称我的你的他的她的我们的你们的他(她,它)们的my your his her our your their 形容词性物主代词mine yours his hers ours yours theirs 名词性物主代词练习:1.There ______ on the wall. They are very beautiful.A.are photoesB.are photosC.is a photoD.is photos2.This kind of car _____ made in Shanghai.A.isB.areC.wereD.has3.The _____ of the house were covered with ______.A.roofs; leafsB.roofs; leavesC.rooves; leavesD.rooves; leaves4.That is ____ photo.A.a actress'sB.an actress'sC.a actress'D.an actress'5.The boys have got ______ already.A.two breadC.two pieces of breadD.two piece of bread6.There _____ some ______ in the wood.A.is; deerB.are; deersC.is; deersD.are;deer7.We should clean ______ twice a day.A.our toothB.our toothsC.teethD.our teeth8.Mrs. Jenny gave us ______ on how to learn English well.A.some advicesB.many advicesC.some adviceD.an advice9.—Thanks for giving me ______ I wanted.—Y ou are welcome.A.the informationB.an informationC.the informations/doc/fa13787625.htmlrmation10.Our teacher asked us to be strict with _______ in English study.A.oursB.ourC.ourselvesD.oneselves11._____ work is heavy, but _____ is heavier than ______.A.Our; their; ourB. Our; theirs; oursC. Ours; theirs; ourD. Our; their; ours12.______ is a close friend of ______ aunt's.B. Her; mineC. She; myD. Hers;my13.Jack, good boy! Please pass _____ the glasses. I want to read the newspaper.A.youB.meC.himD.her14.—I can't find my pen. Can you lend me _____?—Sorry, I'm using it myself.A.youB.yourC.yourselfD.yours。
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名词单数变复数规则规则变化1)一般情况下加-s如book--books(书) desk--desks(书桌)2)以s ,x ,ch , sh结尾加-es如box--boxes(盒子)bus--buses(公共汽车)brush--brushes watch--watches注意①以 th 结尾加-s, month--months②stomach--stomachs3)以辅音字母+结尾,变y为i再加- es。
如city--cities(城市) country--countries(国家)baby-babies婴儿 family--families家庭注意以元音+y,直接加s。
如:day--days(天),boy--boys(男孩)4)以f或fe结尾,复数变f或 fe 为v再加-es如knife-knives(书) , half-halves(一半) leaf---leaves树叶(thief ,wife ,life ,shelf ,knife ,leaf ,self ,half ,wolf)注意①有少数词后直接加s,如roof-roofs (屋顶)5)以o结尾分2类(1)o结尾的加-es如tomato-tomatoes(西红杮) potato-potatoes(土豆) hero-heroes(英雄)(2) o结尾名词的加-s如piano-pianos (钢琴), zoo-zoos(动物园)photo-photos (照片), kangaroo-kangaroos(袋鼠)kilo-kilos(千克)注意zero 两种方式都可:zero-zeros或 zeroes(零)不规则变化1) 元音字母发变化。
如man--men(男人) , woman--women(妇女)tooth--teeth(牙齿) , foot--feet(脚)mouse--mice(老鼠) , policeman--policemen(警察)policewoman--policewomen(女警察)2) 词尾发生变化。
如child--children(小孩) , ox--oxen(公牛)3) 单、复数形式相同。
如fish--fish(鱼) ,sheep--sheep(绵羊) ,deer--deer(鹿) ,Chinese--Chinese(中国人) ,yuan--yuan(元) ,jinn--jinn(斤)注意不说an English,要说an Englishman.①fish作鱼肉讲时不可数,没有复数。
②fishes指各种不同种类鱼或指几条鱼。
4) 形似单数,实为复数意义。
如people(人,人们)these people(不说a people,可说a person)police(公安,警察)ten police(不说a police,可说a policeman)5) 由man和woman构成的合成名词,变复数将名词及man或woman都变成复数。
如a man driver- men drivers(男司机)a woman doctor- women doctors (女医生)6) 合成名词变为复数时,通常只将里面所含的主体名词变为复数。
如passer-by -passers-by(过路人)bus driver- bus drivers(汽车司机)注意如果没有主体名词,就在最后一词上加-s。
如:grown-up-grown-ups(成年人)letter-box-letter-boxes (信箱)注意①hair和fruit通常作单数,表示总体。
若表示若干根头发或若干种水果,则需用这两个词的复数形式。
如Would you like some more fruit? 你要不要再吃点水果?We bought a lot of fruit from the market. 我们从市场上买了许多水果,China has some good fruits. 中国有一些好的水果。
(指种类)She has a few white hairs. 她有几根白头发。
His black hair is going white. 他的黑发逐渐变成灰白色。
注意②wind ,snow和rain这类词,有时也可以有复数形式,表示多次的风、雪或雨。
注意以boy 和girl开头的复合名词变成复数时,一般只把后一名词变成复数。
如 boy student- boy students(男学生)girlfriend-- girlfriends(女朋友)7) 有些名词只有作复数。
如scissors(剪刀)a pair of scissors(一把剪刀)trousers(裤子)shorts(短裤)jeans(工装裤)compasses(两脚规)scales(天平)sunglasses(太阳镜)surroundings(环境)savings(储蓄)writings(作品)名词+man(woman)构成的复合名词,其复数形式通常与简单名词一样,即把man(woman)改成men(women)。
如Englishman--Englishmen(英国人)Frenchwoman--Frenchwomen(法国妇女)注意German不是复合词,它的复数是Germans。
常用口诀表示民族的名词顺口溜(1)“中、日、瑞”友好是一致。
(2)“英、法”联盟a变e。
(3)其他一律加s即Chinese,Japanese单复数同形;Englishman,Frenchman的复数为Englishmen,Frenchmen;其他像German,American,Australian等的复数形式是在后面加“s”。
o结尾的名词顺口溜1)有生命的以o结尾的名词变复数时,词尾加es,凡无生命的以o结尾的名词变复数时,词尾加s。
有生命:potato-potatoes, tomato-tomatoes, hero-heroes, negro--negroes如无生命:zoo-zoos, radio-radios, photo-photos, piano-pianos, zero-zeros, bamboo(竹竿)--bamboos, tobacco(烟丝)--tobaccos1)2)两人两菜一火山。
(+es)小学—中学课本中以o结尾的名词构成复数时,加es的只有negro(黑人),hero(英雄),potato(土豆),tomato(西红杮),volcano(火山),这就是“两人两菜一火山”。
或:黑人和英雄吃土豆和西红柿Negroes and heroes eat tomatoes and potatoes)2)其余以o结尾的名词变复数时均加s。
图景:你在“zoo”里,看见一要“bamboo”,上面挂着一“photo”,所照的是一架“piano”,上面放着一台“radio”。
zoo-zoos , bamboo-bamboos, photo-photos piano-pianos, radio-radios.f、fe结尾的顺口溜(1)以f(e)结尾的名词变为复数时,有的把f(e)改为v(e)再加s,其他的以“f(e)”结尾的名词则直接加“s”。
妻子持刀去宰狼,小偷吓得发了慌;躲在架后保己命,半片树叶遮目光。
wife(妻子),knife(刀子),wolf(狼)thief(小偷),shelf(架子),life(生命)leaf(树叶),self(自己),half(一半),这9个名词变复数时,都要改“f(e)”为“ve”再加“s”。
(2)以f结尾的名词,一般把把f改为ves,但也有特殊情况是直接加-s的,如gulf, roof, chief, serf, belief, proof, handkerchief。
编成口诀联想:海湾边、屋顶上,首领农仆相望;谁说他们无信仰,语气定在手帕上巧记不规则名词单变复男女脚步牙鹅,老鼠加虱婆。
man-men; woman-women; foot-feet; tooth-teeth; goose-geese; mouse-mice; louse-lice.可数名词和不可数名词复数变化规则英语中的名词指的是一种抽象的或者具体的事物,它有可数和不可数之分。
所谓可数名词指的就是在数量上可以计数,可以数出数量的事物;所谓不可数名词是指不能以数目来计算,不可以分成个体的概念、状态、品质、感情或表示物质材料的东西。
一、可数名词在它之前可以加上冠词a/an(以元音字母a,e,i,o,u开头的字母前冠词用an)。
而不可数名词前面是不可以直接加冠词的。
可数名词复数变化规律如下:a. 一般情况下,直接加 -s,如:book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds ;读音:清辅音后读[s],浊辅音和元音后读[z]。
b.以s,x,ch,sh结尾,加-es,如:bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches ;读音:[iz]。
c.以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i, 再加-es,如:family-families, baby-babies 婴儿;读音:[z]。
以“元音字母+y”结尾,直接加-s,如:monkey-monkeys,toy-toys ; 读音:[s]。
d.以“f或fe”结尾,变f或fe为v, 再加-es,如:knife-knives, leaf---leaves树叶;读音:[z]。
e.以“o”结尾的词,分两种情况1)有生命的加-es 读音:[z] 如:mango-mangoes,tomato-tomatoes ,hero-heroes2)无生命的加-s 读音:[z] 如:photo-photos,radio-radiosf. 以ce,se,ze,de,ge结尾,加-s,如:exercise-exercises,读音:[z]。
g. 不规则名词:小老鼠爬灯台,偷油吃下不来。
男人当警察,保护妇女跟儿童;英国人的牙咬了法国人的脚;养了一头日本羊,送给了中国人;养了一头鹿跟鹅,卖给了瑞士人。
man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen,goose---geese鹅,mouse(老鼠)-mice, child-children, foot-feet, tooth-teeth, ox-oxen(公牛)h. 除此之外,还有一部分名词单复数同形,如: fish鱼,deer鹿,sheep绵羊,news 新闻,goods 商品,fish,people 人,human人类i. 有一些名词则只有复数形式:trousers裤子,pants裤子,shorts短裤 glasses眼镜,compasses圆规,scales天平,pliers钳子,clips剪子j. “某国人”的复数有三种类型:(1)Chinese, Japanese, Swiss 三国人单数复数同形,不需加s;(2)Englishman, Frenchman, Dutchman复数要把 man 变为men;注意:German的复数是Germans,它的man不是词根,而是由Germany演变过来的。