2019版高考英语大一轮复习层级化晋级写作层级一表达无误保字二考场作文常见的3类错误及防范措施讲义

学案(二) 考场作文常见的3类错误及防范措施一、考场作文常见的3类错误考场作文常见的错误主要分为三类：词汇类错误、语法类错误和汉语式英语。

(一)词汇类错误考试时，考生很容易出现单词拼写错误和词形变化错误；而词性不清和词汇用法方面的错误主要还是受汉语思维的影响。

其应对措施是在备考时要多注意容易拼错或容易出现词形变化错误的单词，真正用心去体会英语词汇的词性和运用，对一些固定习语更不能想当然地改动。

1．单词拼写错误误：By the way, he’s a senior High School student named Lihua from Tian Jin, china.正：By the way, he’s a senior high school student named Li Hua from Tianjin, China.2．词形变化错误误：People throwed cans, paper, bags and so on into the river water.正：People threw cans, paper, bags and so on into the river water.3．词性不清错误误：Everyone in my family is like the dog.正：Everyone in my family likes the dog.4．词汇用法错误误：He opened the light after he entered the room.正：He turned on the light after he entered the room.5．擅自改动习语误：Nowadays most parents attach much importance with education.正：Nowadays most parents attach much importance to education.[即时演练] 改正下列句子中的错误1．Doing a part­time job always effects study.effects→affects_2．There is no doubt that keeping an English diary helps you a lot with writen English.writen→written 3．In my surprise, he has got the first prize.In→To4．We must pay attention our pronunciation when we speak English.attention 后加to5．We are all entire responsible for our actions and for our reactions.entire→entirely(二)语法类错误一个正确的句子除了用词得当外，语法也应该准确无误。

如果语法不正确，再好的构思也难以正确地表达，语法类错误的多少会直接影响作文的档次。

英语书面表达中语法类错误主要表现在：1．时态错误误：When he came back, he found that his wife has gone to bed.正：When he came back, he found that his wife had gone to bed.2．语态错误误：Children who raise in poor families can generally deal with problems more effectively in their adult years.正：Children who are raised in poor families can generally deal with problems more effectively in their adult years.3．主谓一致错误误：Some students like books that is written by Lu Xun.正：Some students like books that are written by Lu Xun.4．比较级使用错误误：With the development of transportation, the world seems to be getting more and more smaller.正：With the development of transportation, the world seems to be getting smaller and smaller.5．非谓语动词使用错误误：The teacher came into the lab, following by some students.正：The teacher came into the lab, followed by some students.6．平行错误误：Then I put my book under my desk, opening it and started looking for the answer.正：Then I put my book under my desk, opened it and started looking for the answer.7．词汇冗余①误：On one day, he went to the cinema.正：One day, he went to the cinema.②误：It is our duty to serve for the people heart and soul.正：It is our duty to serve the people heart and soul.8．否定式错误误：Not hesitate to ask me if you have any questions.正：Don’t hesitate to ask me if you have any questions.[即时演练] 改正下列句子中的错误1．If it won’t rain tomorrow, we’ll go camping.won’t→doesn’t2．Not only Tom but also I are tired of one examination after another.are→am 3．They think students should have their own time to study and it is more quieter at home._more→much或去掉more__4．There are a lot of students stand in a queue to welcome the old soldier.stand→standing5．She said she would pay a visit to Suzhou in the next month.去掉in(三)汉语式英语一般来说，英汉两种语言既有许多相似之处，又有许多不同之处。

在写作时如果想当然地去写，会出现许多汉语式英语，其中主要包括：1．纯汉语式思维和汉语式语序误：At this school studying, I really very happy.正：Studying at this school, I am really very happy.2．句子成分残缺①误：There are many students don’t support the project.正：There are many students who don’t support the project.②误：He told me that all my classmates sitting in the classroom.正：He told me that all my classmates were sitting in the classroom.3．句子粘连误：The old man has two sons, both of them work in the same company.正：The old man has two sons, and both of them work in the same company.正：The old man has two sons, both of whom work in the same company.4．主谓搭配不当误：He happened an accident yesterday.正：An accident happened to him yesterday.5．动宾搭配不当误：They are trying their best to improve their production.正：They are trying their best to increase their production.6．形容词和名词搭配不当误：We walked a far way before planting trees.正：We walked a long way before planting trees.7．动词和副词搭配不当误：My grandfather very likes black tea and has it every day.正：My grandfather likes black tea very much and has it every day.8．介词和宾语搭配不当误：They will build a monument on memory of the national hero.正：They will build a monument in memory of the national hero.[即时演练] 改正下列句子中的错误1．We are impossible to finish the work in such a short time.We_are_impossible→It_is_impossible_for_us 2．It’s known that the cost in big cities is very expensive.expensive→high 3．He came here to attend the meeting in car.in→by4．I haven’t heard from your letter for a long time and I miss you very much.your_letter→you 5．I have many collections of stamps, some of them are my favorite.some前加and或them→which二、防范出现错误的2个措施写对句子是作文得高分的关键和保证，考场上要避免上述低级错误，可采取以下两个措施。