2016年招收硕士学位研究生入学考试试题
历年真题-2016年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试思想政治理论试题参考答案-分析题
三、分析题：34～38小题，每小题10分，共50分。
要求结合所学知识分析材料并回答问题。
将答案写在答题纸指定位置上。
34. 结合材料回答问题材料1 要着力服务全面建成小康社会、全面深化改革、全面依法治国、全面从严治党的战略布局。
"四个全面"的战略布局是从我国发展现实需要中得出来的，从人民群众的热切期待中得出来的，也是为推动解决我们面临的突出矛盾和问题提出来的。
摘自习近平《同党外人士共迎新春时的讲话》（2015年2月11日）材料 2 辩证唯物主义是中国共产党人的世界观和方法论，我们党要团结带领人民协调推进全面建成小康社会、全面深化改革、全面依法治国、全面从严治党，实现"两个一百年"奋斗目标，实现中华民族伟大复兴的中国梦，必须不断接受马克思主义哲学智慧的滋养，更加自觉地坚持和运用辩证唯物主义世界观和方法论，增强辩证思维、战略思维能力，努力提高解决我国改革发展基本问题的本领。
摘自习近平《在十八届中央政治局第二十次集体学习时的讲话》（2015年1月23日）材料3 全面建成小康社会是党的十八大提出来的，它是中党的十六大、十七大全面建设小康社会目标任务的基础上发展而来。
他们之间虽然只有一字之差但内涵却发生了深刻的变化，外延大大拓展了。
全面建设小康社会是正在进行时，全面建成小康社会是将来完成时。
全面深化改革是党的十八届三中全会所确定的主题，是三中全会对我国改革作出的战略部署。
全面依法治国是党的十八届四中全会所确定的主题，是四中全会对我国法制建设提出的战略任务。
全面从严治党是党的群众路线教育实践活动总结大会上，习近平总书记对教育实践活动以及对党的十八大以来党风廉政建设和反腐败斗争，党的各项工作所取得的成效，获得的经验，形成的成果进行的概括和总结，又是对今后党的建设进一步提出的新要求。
"四个全面"即是重大的战略布局，也是治国理政的重要战略思想，从哲学的高度来讲，"四个全面"是一个过程，不仅是因为它的提出而和形成时一个过程，而是它的协调推进也将是一个过程。
2016年山东科技大学考研真题838物理化学硕士研究生专业课考试试题
5-1一、选择题（共40题，每小题2分）（请将答案务必写在答题纸上。
注意：只选一个答案，多选不得分）1.理想气体由相同的初态A 分别经历两过程：一个到达终态B ，一个到达终点C 。
过程表示在p-V 图中(如右图)，其中B 和C 刚好在同一条等温线上，则（A ）∆U(A →C) > ∆U(A →B) （B ）∆U(A →C) = ∆U(A →B)（C ）∆U(A →C) < ∆U(A →B) （D ）无法判断两者大小2. 理想气体在可逆绝热过程中(A)内能增加 (B)熵不变 (C)熵增大 (D)温度不变3. 一定量理想气体在绝热条件下对外做功，则内能的变化是：（A ）降低 （B ）升高 （C ）不变 （D ）不确定4. 对于理想液态混合物下列各说法中，哪条不确切？(A) 构成混合物，所有各组分分子间的作用力彼此相等(B) 构成混合物时，各组分在任何浓度范围之内均符合Raoult 定律(C) 各组分均可用下列化学势表达式的溶液μB =μB *（T ，P ）+RT lnx B(D) 构成混合物时，各组分间的作用力等于零5. 在抽空密闭容器中加热NH 4Cl （s ），有一部分分解成NH 3（g ）和HC l （g ），当系统建立平衡时，其组分数C 和自由度f 是(A)C=1，f =1 (B)C=2，f =2 (C) C=3，f =3 (D) C=2，f =16. 在1000K 时，反应Fe(s)+CO 2(g) === FeO(s)+CO(g)的K p =1.84，若气相中CO 2含量大于65%，则(A) Fe 将不被氧化 (B) Fe 将被氧化(C) 反应是可逆平衡 (D) 无法判断7. 在浓度不大的范围内，强电解质摩尔电导率随浓度变化的规律为：(A) 与浓度成反比关系，随浓度增大而变小；山东科技大学2016年招生硕士学位研究生入学考试试卷。
2016年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语(二)试题答案详解
2016年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（二）试题答案详解（完整版）Section I Use of English1、【答案】C how【解析】根据空格所在句子可以看出，空格处应该是一个引导宾语从句的从属连词，做influence的宾语。
四个选项的意思中，只有C. how引导后面的内容做influence的宾语，前后意思合理。
2、【答案】B In particular【解析】空格的前一句话的内容是：坐落在幸福人群所在地的公司投资更多的钱。
空格所在句的内容是：坐落在幸福人群所在地的公司在…方面投入更多的钱。
很显然，前后句子是总分关系。
选项中，只有B选项可以体现总分关系。
3、【答案】D necessary【解析】根据空格处前后的内容，_____ for making investments for the future是做后置定语修饰longer-term thinking和happiness。
幸福，这种持久的思维模式对于对未来进行投资_______，四个选项中只有D. necessary做后置定语符合前后内容。
其他选项与原文内容语义不符。
4、【答案】C optimism【解析】空格处的内容与inclination for risk-taking由and连接，构成并列关系，后面that come with happiness定语从句既修饰空格处的内容，也修饰inclination for risk-taking，所以选项中可以由that come with happiness修饰的只有C选项optimism。
5、【答案】D change【解析】空格处的内容和the way companies invested构成动宾搭配。
选项中A. echo 回声 B. miss 思念 C. spoil 溺爱 D. change 改变，所以只有D选项可以和the way companies invested构成通顺语义。
哈尔滨工业大学2016年硕士研究生入学考试试题
20. （10分）在n个数据中找出前K个最大元素，可以采用堆排序或败者树来实现。分别说明上述两种实现方法的基本步骤，并分析每种方法的时间复杂度和空间占用情况。
21.（10分）假设举办一个1000人参加的学术会议，作为会议报到组的负责人，你会收到会务组为每名参会者开具的包含其英文名字的注册费发票，同时还会受到为每位参会者提供的印有其英文名字的参会胸牌和其他会议资料。请回答以下问题：
D.CMAR是控制器中存储地址寄存器
5.设相对寻址的转移指令占两个字节，第一字节是操作码，第二字节是相对位移量（用补码表示），若CPU每当从存储器取出一个字节时，即自动完成（PC）+1→PC。设当前PC的内容为2009H，要求转移到2000H地址，则该转移指令第二字节的内容应为__________。
3.总线通信中的同步控制是__________。
A.只适用于CPU控制的方式
B.由统一时序控制的方式
C.只适合于外围设备控制的方式
D.只适合于生存
4.下列叙述中__________是错误的。
A.采用微程序控制器的处理器称为微处理器
B.在微指令编码中，编码效率最低的是直接编码方式
C.在各种微地址形成方式中，增量计数器法需要的顺序控制字段较短
1.冯·诺依曼计算机中指令和数据均以二进制形式存放在存储器中，CPU区分它们的依据是__________。
A.指令操作码的译码结果
B.指令和数据的寻址方式
C.指令周期的不同阶段
D.指令和数据所在的存储单元
2.DMA方式传送数据时是由__________控制的。
A.CPU
B.程序
C.CPU+程序
D.硬件电路
厦门大学826物理化学2016年考研初试专业课真题试卷
厦门大学2016年招收攻读硕士学位研究生
入 学 考 试 试 题
科目代码：826
科目名称：物理化学
招生专业：化学化工学院、材料学院、能源研究院各专业 考生须知：1.答题必须使用黑（蓝）色墨水（圆珠）笔：不得直接在试题（草稿）纸上作答； 凡未按规定作答均不予评阅、判分；责任考生自负。
一、选择题（6题，每题两分，共12分）
1-1 .298K 时HCl （g ，Mr=36.5）溶解在甲苯中的亨利常数245kPa. kg.mol -1
，当HCl （g ）在甲苯溶液中的浓度达2%时HCl （g ）的平衡压力为
（ ）
A 、137 kPa
B 、11.99 kPa
C 、14.9 kPa
D 、49 kPa 1-2 .气体在固体表面上发生等温吸附过程，体系熵如何变化
（ ）
A 、∆S>0
B 、∆S<0
C 、∆S=0
D 、∆S ≧0 1-3 .在288k 时O H 2（l ）的饱和蒸汽压为1702Pa ，当0.6mol 的不挥发溶质B 溶于0.54kg O H 2时蒸汽压下降42Pa ，溶液中O H 2的活度系数x γ应为 （ ）
A 、0.9804
B 、0.9753
C 、1.005
D 、0.9948 1-4. 分子的平动能、转动能、振动能的能级间隔的大小顺序是：（ ）
A 、平动能>振动能>转动能
B 、振动能>平动能>转动能
C 、振动能>转动能 >平动能
D 、转动能>平动能>振动能
1-5. 对于水溶液中的反应-++OH Br 253])[Co(NH →-++Br OH NH Co 253])([，如果增加离子强度，此反应的速率将。
2016年暨南大学考研试题601高等数学
B. 2 x C
C.
D. x 2 C
2z xy
2. 若 函 数 z z ( x, y ) 的 全 微 分 dz sin ydx x cos ydy ， 则 二 阶 偏 导 数 ( )
A． cos y
B. sin y
C. cos x
D. sin x
3. 设 A 是 m n 矩阵， A 的秩 R A m n ， Em 为 m 阶单位矩阵，则下列命题 中正确的是 ( ) A. A 的任意 m 个列向量必线性无关; B. A 的任意一个 m 阶子式不等于 0; C. A 经过初等行变换必可化为 Em O ; D. 非齐次线性方程组 Ax b 必有无穷多解.
2016 年招收攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题
********************************************************************************************
学科、专业名称：凝聚态物理、光学、生物物理学、环境科学（理学） 、生物医学工程（理 学）等 研究方向： 考试科目名称：601 高等数学（正卷）
3. 函数 u xyz 在点 (1,1,1) 处沿梯度方向的方向导数为 4. 设 D 是由两条抛物线 y x 2 , y x 所围成的闭区域，则
x
D
yd
. .
5. 设 3 阶矩阵 A 的特征值为 1, 1, 2 ，则 | A 5 E |
2 2 3 6. 已知 A = 1 1 a ， B 是 3 阶非零矩阵，且 BAT =O ，这里 O 是零矩阵， 1 2 3
考试科目：高等数学
共
4 页，第
2016年全国硕士研究生入学考试数学二真题及答案
（12）已知函数 f (x) 在 (, ) 上连续，且 f (x) (x 1)2 2 x f (t)dt ，则当 n 2 时，f (n) (0) 0
____________.
2
由考研云助手整理( 专注免费考研资料 微信公众号提供更多资讯)
（13）已知动点 P 在曲线 y x3 上运动，记坐标原点与点 P 间的距离为 l .若点 P 的横坐标时间
【详解】u( x, y) 在平面有界闭区域 D 上连续，所以 u( x, y) 在 D 内必然有最大值和最小值．并且如果在
内部存在驻点 ( x0 ,
y0 ) ，也就是
u x
u y
0
，在这个点处
A
2u x 2
,C
2u y 2
,B
2u xy
2u yx
，由条
件，显然 AC B2 0 ，显然 u( x, y) 不是极值点，当然也不是最值点，所以 u( x, y) 的最大值点和最小值
Page 5 of 15
x t 2 7,
4．曲线
y
t
2
4t
1
上对应于 t 1的点处的曲率半径是（
）
（Ａ） 10 （Ｂ） 10
50
100
(Ｃ）10 10 （Ｄ） 5 10
【详解】 曲线在点 ( x, f ( x)) 处的曲率公式 K
y" ，曲率半径 R 1 ．
(1 y'2 )3
K
2
本题中 dx 2t, dy 2t 4 ，所以 dy 2t 4 1 2 ， d 2 y t 2 1 ，
的变化率为常数 v0 ，则当点 P 运动到点 (1,1) 时， l 对时间的变化率是 _______ .
2016年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语(一)试题及答案解析
2016年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语(一)试题Section 1 Use of EnglishDirectious:Read the following Text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points) In Cambodia, the choice of a souse is a complex one for the young male. It may involve not only his parents and his friends, 1 those of the young woman, but also a matchmaker.A young man 2 a likely spouse on his own and then ask his parents to 3 the marriage negotiations, or the young man’s parents may make the choice of a spouse, giving the child little to say in the selection. 4 , a girl may veto the spouse her parents have chosen.5 a spouse has been selected, each family investigates the other to make sure its child is marrying6 a good family.The traditional wedding is a long and colorful affair. Formerly it lasted three days, 7 by the 1980s it more commonly lasted a day and a half. Buddhist priests offer a short sermon and 8 prayers of blessing. Parts of the ceremony involve ritual hair cutting, 9 cotton threads soaked in holy water around the bride’s and groom’s wrists, and 10 a candle around a circle of happily married and respected couples to bless the 11 . Newlyweds traditionally move in with the wife’s parents and may 12 with them up to a year, 13 they can bulid a new house nearby.Divorce is legal and easy to 14 , but not common. Divorces persons are 15 with some disapproval. Easch spouse retains 16 property he or she Divorced persons may.1. [A]by way of [B]with regard to [C]on behalf of [D]as wellas2. [A]decide on [B]provide for [C]compete with [D]adapt to3. [A]close [B] arrange [C]renew [D]postpone4. [A]In theory [B] Above all [C]In time [D]For example5. [A]Unless [B] Lest [C]After [D]Although6. [A]into [B] within [C]from [D]through7. [A]or [B]since [C]but [D]so8. [A] test [B]copy [C]recite [D]create9. [A]folding [B]piling [C]wrapping [D]tying10. [A]passing [B]lighting [C]hiding [D]serving11. [A]association [B]meeting [C]collection [D]union12. [A]deal [B]part [C]grow [D]live13. [A]whereas [B]until [C]for [D]if14. [A]avoid [B]follow [C]challenge [D]obtain15. [A]isolated [B]persuaded [C]viewed [D]exposed16. [A]wherever [B]whatever [C]whenever [D]however17. [A]changed [B]brought [C]shaped [D]pushed18. [A]invested [B]divided [C]donated [D]withdrawn19. [A]warms [B]clears [C]shows [D]breaks20. [A]while [B]so that [C]once [D]in thatText1France，which prides itself as the global innovator of fashion , has decided its fashion industry has lost an absolute right to define physical beauty for women. Its lawmakers gave preliminary approval last week to a law that would make it a crime to employ ultra-thin models on runways . The parliament also agreed to ban websites that “incite excessive thinness” by promoting extreme dieting.Such measures have a couple of uplifting motives. They suggest beauty should not b e defined by looks that end up impinging on health. That’sa start And the ban on ultra-thin models seems to go beyond protecting models from starving themselves to death –as some have done. It tells the fashion industry that it must take responsibility for the signal it sends women , especially teenage girls, about the social tape-measure they must use to determine their individual worth.The bans ,if fully enforced, would suggest to women (and many men) that they should not let others be arbiters of their beauty. And perhaps faintly, they hint that people should look to intangible qualities like character and intellect rather than dieting their way to size zero or wasp-waist physiques.The French measures, however, rely too much on severe punishment to change a culture that still regards beauty as skin-deep-and bone-showing. Under the law, using a fashion model that does not meet a govemment-defined index of body mass could result in a $85,000 fine and six months in prison.The fashion industry knows it has an inherent problem in focusing on material adornment and idealized body types. In Denmark, the United States, and a few other countries, it is trying to set voluntary standards for models and fashion images that rely more on peer pressure for enforcement.In contrast to France’s actions, Denmark’s fashion industry agreed last month on rules and sanctions regarding the age, health, and other characteristics of models. The newly revised Danish Fashion Ethical Charter clearly states:”We aware of and take responsibility for the impact the ideals, especially on young people”. The charter’s main tool of enforcement is (CFW), which is run by the Danish21. According to the first paragraph，what would happen in France?【A】Physical beauty would be redefined.【B】New runways would be constructed.【C】Wcbsites about dieting would thrive.【D】The fanshing industry would decline.22. The phrase “impinging on”(Line 2，Para.2) is closest in meaning to【A】heightening the value of.【B】indicating the state of.【C】losing faith in.【D】doing harm to.23. Which of the following is true od the fashion industry?【A】The French measures have already failed.【B】New standrds are being set in Denmark.【C】Models are no longer under peer pressure.【D】Its inberent problerma are getting wotse.Text 2For the first time in history more people live in towns than in the country, In Britain this has had a curious result. While polls show Britons rate”the countryside”alongside the royal family,Shakespeare and the National Health Serivce (NHS) at what makes them proudest of their country，this has limited political support.A century ago Octavia Hill Launched the national trust not to rescue stylish houses but to save “the beauty of natural places for everyone forever” It was specifically to provide city dwellers with space for leisure where they could experience“a refreshing air .”Hill is pressure later led to creation of national parks and green belts. They don’t make countryside any more，and every year concrete consumes more of it . it needs constant guardianship.At the next election none of the big parties seem likely to endorse this sentiment. The conservatives planning reform explicitly gives rural development priority over conservation，even authorsing “off-plan”building where local people might object. The concept of sustainable development has been defined as profitable. Labour likewisewants to discontinue local planning where councils oppose development. The liberal democrats are silent. Only ukip, sensing its chance,has sided with those pleading for a more considered approach to using green land.its Campaign to protect rural England struck terror into many local conservative parties.The sensible place to build new houses，factories and offices is where people are，in cities and towns where infrastructure is in place. The London agents stirling ackroyd recently identified enough sites for half a million houses in the London area alone，with no intrusion on green belt.what is true of London is even truer of the provinces.The idea that”housing crisis ”equals “concreted meadows” is pure lobby talk. The issue is not the need for more houses but,as always，where to put them. Under lobby pressure，George Osboyne favours rural new-build against urban renovation and renewal. He favours out-of-town,shopping sites against high streets . this is not a free market but a biased one. Rural town and villages have grown and will26 Britain is public sentiment about the countrysideA has brought much benefit to the NHSB didn’t start till the Shakespearean ageC is fully backed by the royal familyD is not well reflected in politics27 According to Paragraph 2，the achievements of the National Trust are now beingA gradually destroyedB effectively reinforcedC properly protectedD largely overshadowed28 which of the following can be inferred from Paragraph 3?A Ukip may gain from its support for rural conservationB the conservatives may abandon ”off -plan“buildingC the liberal democrats are losing political influenceD labour is under attack for opposing development29 the author holds that George Osborne is preferenceA reveals a strong prejudice against urban areasB shows his disregard for character of rural areasC stresses the necessity of easing the housing crisisD highlights his firm stand against lobby pressure30 in the last paragraph，the author shows his appreciation ofA the size of population in BritainB the enviable urban lifestyle in BritainC the town-and-country planning in BritainD the political life in today is BritainText 4There will eventurally come a day when The New York Times ceases to publish stories on newsprint .Exactlly when that day will be is a matter of debate.”Sometime in the future ”,the paper’s publisher said back in 2010.Nostalgia for ink on paper and the rustle of pages aside, there’s plenty of incentive toditch print. The infrastructure required to make a physical newspaper—printing presses ,delivery trucks-isn’t just expensive ;it’s excessive at a time when online-only competitors don’t have the same set of financial constraints.Readers are migrating away from print away .And though print ad sales still dwarf thire online and mobile counterparts,revenue from print is still declining.Over way be high and circulation lower ,but rushing to eliminate its print edition would be a mistake ,say BuzzFeed CEO Joah Peretti.Pereti says the Time should’t waste time getting out of the print business,But only if they go about it the right way .”Fighting out of a way to accelerate that transition would make sense of them,”he said,“but if you discontinue it“you’re going to have your most loyal customers really upset with you.”Sometimes,that’s worth making a change anyway.Peretti give s the example seen as a blunder,”he said.“The move turned out to be foresighted.Ane if peretti would rale prices and make it into more of a legacy product.”The most loyal customers would still get the product they favor,the idea goes,and they’d feel lik e they were helping sustain the quality of something they believe in ,”So if you’re overpaying for print,you could feel like you were helping,”Perettisaid “Then increase it at a higher rate each year and essentially try to generate additional revenue.”In o ther words,if you’re going to make a print product ,make it for the people who are already obsessed with it .which way be what the time is doing already .Getting the print edition seven days a week costs each –a year-more than twice as much as a digital-only subscription.36.The New York Times is considering ending its print edition partly due to[A]the pressure from its investors.[B]the complaints from its readers.[C]the high cost of operation.[D]the increating online ad sales.37.Peretti suggests that,in face of the present situation,the Times should[A]make strategic adjustments[B]end the print sdition for good.[C]seek new sources of readership.[D]aim for efficient management.38.It can be inferred form Paragraphs 5and6 that a “legacy product”[A]will have the cost of printing reduced.[B]is meant for the most loyal customers.[C]helps restore the glory of former times.[D]expands the popularity of the paper.39.Peretti believes that,in a changing world,[A]traditional luxuries can stay unaffected.[B]aggressiveness better meets challenges.[C]cautiousness facilitates problem-solving.[D]legacy businesses are becoming outdated.40.which of the following would be the best title of the Text?[A]Make Your Print Newspaper a Luxury Good.[B]Keep Your Newspapers Forever in Fashion.[C]Cherish the Newspaper Still in Your Hand.[D]Shift Online Newspapers All at Once.Part BDirections:Read the following Text and answer the questions by choosing the most suitable subheading from the list A-G for each of the numbered paragraphs(41-45).There are two extra subheadings.Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 Points)No matter how formal or informa the work environment，the way you present yourself has an impact. This is especially true in first impressions. According to research from Princeton University，people assess your competence，trustworthiness，and likeability in just a tenth of a second，solely based on the way you look.The difference between today’s workplace and the“dress for succeas” era is that the range of options is so much broader.Norms have evolved and fragmentedIn some settings, red sneakers or dress T-shirts can convey status; in others not so much. Plus, whatever image we present is magnified by social-media services like LinkedIn. Chances are, your headshots are seen much more often now than a decade or two ago. Millennials,it seems, face the paradox of being the least formal generation yet the most conscious of style and personal branding. It can be confusing.So how do we navigate this? How do we know when to invest in an upgrade? And what’s the best way to pull off one that enhance our goals? Here are some tips;41about how others perceive you.Maybe there’s no need for an upgradea nd that’s OK.42.Get clear on what impact you’re hoping to have. Are you looking to refresh your image or pivot it? For one person, the goal may be to be taken more seriously and enhance their professional image. For another, it may be to be perceived as more approachable, or more modern and stylish. For someone moving from finance to advertising, maybe they want to look more “SoHo.”(It’s OK to use characterizations like that.)43. Look at your work environment like an anthropologist. What are the norms of your environment? What converys status? Who are your most important audiences? How do the people you respect and look up to present themselves? The better you understand the cultural con Text, the more control you can have over your impact.44. Enlist the support of professionals and share with them your goals and con Text. Hire a personal stylist, or use the free styling service of a store like J.Crew. Try a hair stylist instead of a barber. Work with a professional photographer instead of your spouse or friend. It’s not as expensive as you might think.Part CDirections:Read the following Text carefully and then translate the undetlined segments into Chinese.Your translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Mental heal th is our birthright.(46) We don’t have to learn how to be mentally heally; it is built into us in the same way that our bodies know how to heal a cut or mend a broken bone. Mental health can’t be learned, only reawakened. It is like the immune system or the body, which under stress or through lack of nutrition or exercise can be weakened, but which never leaves us. When we don’t understand the value of mental health and we don’t know how to gain access to it, mental health will remain hidden from us.(47) O ur mental health doesn’t really go anywhere ;like the sun behind a cloud, it can be temporarily hidden from view, but it is fully capable of being restored in an instant.Mental health is the seed that contains self-esteem-confidence in ourselves and an ability to trust in out common sense. It allows us to have perspective on our lives – the ability to not take ourselves too seriously, to laugh at ourselves, to see the bigger picture, and to see that things will woke out. It’s a form of innate or unlearne d optimism.(48) Mental health allows us to view others with sympathy if they are having troubles. With kindness if they ate in pain .and with unconditional love no matter who they are. Mental health is the source of creativity for solving problems, resolving conflict, making our surroundings more beautiful. Managing our home life , or coming up with a creative business idea or invention to make our lives easier. It gives us patience for About how others perceive you.Maybe there’s no need for an upgrade a nd that’s OK.Section III WritingPart A51 .Directions:Suppose you are a librarian in your university .Write a notice of about 100 words，providing the newly-enrolled international students with relevant information about the library.You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.DO not sigh your own name at the end of the notice. Use “Li Ming” instead.DO not write the address. (10 points)Part B52 .Directions:Write an essay of 160—200 words based on the following picture in your essay, you should1. describe the pictures briefly,2. interpret its intended meaning, and3. give your comments.You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (20 points)2016年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语(一)试题答案解析I cloze1. As well as2. Decide on3. Arrange4. Above all5. After6. Into7. But 8. Recite9. Tying10. Lighting11. Union12. Live13. Until14. Obtain15. Persuaded16. Whatever17. Brought18. Divided19. Shows20. WhileII Reading comprehensionPart AText121. Physical beauty would be redefined.22. Doing harm to.23. New standards are being set in Denmark.24. Showing little concern for health factors.25. A Challenge to the Fashion Industry’s Body Ideals.Text 226.is not well reflected in politics27. gradually destroyed28. The Liberal Democrats are losing political influence29. highlight his firm stand against lobby pressure30. the town-and-country planning in BritainText 331. uncertainty32. winning33. less severe34. has an impact on their decision35. the necessaryText 436. the high cost of operation37. make strategic adjustments38. is meant for the most loyal customers39. Aggressiveness better meets challenges40. Cherish the Newspaper Still in Your HandPart B41. Decide if the time is right42. Know your goals43. Understand the context44. Work with professionals45. Make it efficientPart C46. 我们不必学习如何保持健康的心理;它与生俱来，正如我们的身体知道如何让伤口痊愈，如何让骨折好转。
南开大学2016年研究生入学考试物理化学试题
南开大学2016年硕士学位研究生入学考试试题（物理化学）□√需使用计算器□不使用计算器一、选择题（每小题 2 分，共 60 分）1. 在温度、容积恒定的容器中，含有A和B两种理想气体，这时A的分压和分体积分别是p A和V A。
若在容器中再加入一定量的理想气体C，问p A和V A的变化为（）(A) p A和V A都变大 (B) p A和V A都变小(C) p A不变，V A变小 (D) p A变小，V A不变2. 理想气体经可逆与不可逆两种绝热过程()(A) 可以从同一始态出发达到同一终态(B) 不可以达到同一终态(C) 不能断定(A)、(B) 中哪一种正确(D) 可以达到同一终态，视绝热膨胀还是绝热压缩而定3. 理想气体从同一始态(P1,V1)出发，经等温可逆膨胀或绝热可逆膨胀，使其终态均达到体积为V2，此二过程做的功的绝对值应是：( )(A) 恒温功大于绝热功(B) 恒温功等于绝热功(C) 恒温功小于绝热功(D) 无法确定关系4. 对于可逆变化有⎰=∆BAR T QSδ下述各说法中，哪一个正确（）（A）只有可逆变化才有熵变（B）可逆变化没有热温商（C）可逆变化熵变与热温商之和相等（D）可逆变化熵变为零5．用力迅速推动气筒活塞而压缩气体，若看作绝热过程，则过程熵变( ) （A）小于零（B）大于零（C）等于零（D）不能确定6. 将固体NaCl投放到水中，NaCl逐渐溶解，最后达到饱和。
开始溶解时溶液中的NaCl 的化学势为μ(a) ，饱和时溶液中NaCl的化学势为μ(b) , 固体NaCl的化学势为μ(c)，则：( )（A）μ (a)=μ (b)<μ (c) （B）μ (a)=μ (b) >μ (c)（C）μ (a) >μ (b)=μ (c) （D）μ (a) <μ (b) =μ(c)7. 恒温恒压下，在A与B组成的均相体系当中，若A的偏摩尔体积随浓度的改变而增加时，则B的偏摩尔体积将如何变化？( )（A）增加（B）减少（C）不变（D）不一定8. 两液体的饱和蒸气压分别为p A∗，p B∗，它们混合形成理想溶液，液相组成为x，气相组成为y，若p A∗>p B∗，则：( )(A)y A>x A（B）y A>y B（C）x A>y A（D）y B>y A9. 在温度T 时，纯液体A的饱和蒸气压为P A*，化学势为μA*，并且已知在PΘ下的凝固点为T f*，当A中溶入少量与A不形成固态溶液的溶质而形成为稀溶液时，上述三物理量分别为P A、μA、T f则( )(A) P A* < P A，μA*<μA，T f*<T f(B) P A*> P A ，μA*<μA ，T f*< T f(C) P A*< P A，μA*<μA，T f*> T f(D) P A*> P A ，μA*>μA , T f*> T f10. 在PΘ下，用水蒸汽蒸镏法提纯某不溶于水的有机物时，体系的沸点: ( )(A)必低于373.2K (B) 取决于有机物的分子量大小.(C)必高于373.2K (D) 取决于水与有机物的相对数量11. 对于相律，下面的陈述中正确的是( )(A) 相律不适用于有化学反应的多相系统(B) 影响相平衡的只有强度因素(C) 自由度为零意味着系统的状态不变(D) 平衡的各相中，系统包含的每种物质都不缺少时相律才正确12. 在300K下，一个抽空的容器中放入过量的A(s)，发生下列反应A(s) B(s)+3D(g)p=1.02kPa。
2016年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试数学一试题
2016年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试数学一试题一、选择题:1～8小题，每小题4分，共32分.下列每题给出的四个选项中，只有一个选项符合 题目要求的，请将所选项前的字母填在答题纸．．．指定位置上. 1、若反常积分01(1)a bdx x x +∞+⎰收敛，则 （A ）1a <且1b >. （B ）1a >且1b >.（C ）1a <且1a b +>. （D ）1a >且1a b +>.2、已知函数2(1),1,()ln ,1,x x f x x x -<⎧=⎨≥⎩则()f x 的一个原函数是 （A ）2(1), 1.()(ln 1), 1.x x F x x x x ⎧-<=⎨-≥⎩ （B ）2(1), 1.()(ln 1)1, 1.x x F x x x x ⎧-<=⎨--≥⎩（C ）2(1), 1.()(ln 1)1, 1.x x F x x x x ⎧-<=⎨++≥⎩ （D ）2(1), 1.()(ln 1)1, 1.x x F x x x x ⎧-<=⎨-+≥⎩3、若222(1)1y x x =++，222(1)1y x x =++'()()y p x y q x +=的两个解，则()q x =（A ）23(1)x x +. （B ）23(1)x x -+.（C ）21x x +. （D ）21x x -+. 4、已知函数,0,()111,,1,2,,1x x f x x n n n n≤⎧⎪=⎨<≤=⎪+⎩ 则 （A ）0x =是()f x 的第一类间断点. （B ）0x =是()f x 的第二类间断点.（C ）()f x 在0x =处连续但不可导. （D ）()f x 在0x =处可导.5、设A ，B 是可逆矩阵，且A 与B 相似，则下列结论错误的是（A ）T A 与T B 相似. （B ）1A -与1B -相似.（C ）T A A +与T B B +相似. （D ）1A A -+与1B B -+相似.6、设二次型222123123121323(,,)444f x x x x x x x x x x x x =+++++，则123(,,)2f x x x =在空间直角坐标下表示的二次曲面为（A ）单叶双曲面 （B ）双叶双曲面（C ）椭球面 （D ）柱面7、设随机变量2~(,)(0)X N μσσ>，记2{}p P X μσ=≤+，则（A ）p 随着μ的增加而增加 （B ）p 随着σ的增加而增加（C ）p 随着μ的增加而减少 （D ）p 随着σ的增加而减少8、随机试验E 有三种两两不相容的结果1A ，2A ，3A ，且三种结果发生的概率均为13，将试验E 独立重复做2次，X 表示2次试验中结果1A 发生的次数，Y 表示2次试验中结果2A 发生的次数，则X 与Y 的相关系数为（A ）12- （B ）13- （C ）13 （D ）12二、填空题：9～14小题,每小题4分,共24分.请将答案写在答题纸．．．指定位置上. 9、020ln(1sin )lim _______.1cos x x t t t dt x →+=-⎰10、向量场(,,)()A x y z x y z i xyj zk =++++的旋度_______.rotA =11、设函数(,)f u v 可微，(,)z z x y =由方程22(1)(,)x z y x f x z y +-=-确定，则 (0,1)|______.dz =12、设函数2()arctan 1x f x x ax=-+，且(0)1f '''=，则a =______. 13、行列式1000100014321λλλλ--=-+______. 14、设12,,,n x x x 为来自总体2(,)N μσ的简单随机样本，样本均值9.5x =，参数μ的置信度为0.95的双侧置信区间的置信上限为10.8，则μ的置信度为0.95的双侧置信区间为______.三、解答题：15～23小题,共94分.请将解答写在答题纸．．．指定位置上.解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤.15、（本题满分10分）已知平面区域{=(,)|22(1cos ),22D r r ππθθθ⎫≤≤+-≤≤⎬⎭，计算二重积分D xdxdy ⎰⎰. 16、（本题满分10分）设函数()y x 满足方程20y y ky '''++=，其中01k <<.（1）证明：反常积分0()y x dx +∞⎰收敛；（2）若(0)1y =，(0)1y '=，求0()y x dx +∞⎰的值. 17、（本题满分10分）设函数(,)f x y 满足2(,)(21)x y f x y x e x-∂=+∂，且(0,)1f y y =+，t L 是从点(0,0)到点(1,)t 的光滑曲线。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
B．扩张性财政政策和货币升值
C．紧缩性财政政策和货币贬值
D．紧缩性货币政策和扩张性财政政策
9.实际利率为3%，预期通货膨胀率为6%，则名义利率水平应该近似地等于（）。
A. 2% B. 3% C. 9% D. 6%
10.关于马科维茨投资组合理论的假设条件，描述不正确的是（）。
3.假设某一个两部门的经济由下述关系式描述：消费函数C=100+0.8Y，投资函数为I=150-6r，货币需求函数为L=0.2Y-4r，设P为价格水平，货币供给为M=150.
（1）总需求函数？
（2）若P=1，均衡的收入和利率各为多少？
（3）若该经济的总供给函数为AS=800+150/P，求均衡的收入和价格水平？
3.在道德风险的保险市场上（）。
A．法律诉讼比较频繁B.保险卖不出因而价格较低
C．保险出售过多D.全保险不可能存在
4.在两部门经济中，如果边际消费倾向为0.8，那么自发支出乘数为（）。
A. 1.6 B. 5 C. 2.5 D. 4
5.货币乘数的大小取决于（）。
A.货币供给量B.税率C.银行准备金率D.银行利息率
2.资本资产定价模型的基本假设是什么？该模型的主要内容及其一般表达式是什么？（20分）
3.试述决定和影响汇率的因素是什么？当前，决定我国人民币汇率的主要因素是什么？（20分）
B．有效集的形状与两种风险资产的相关系数无关
C．有效集是可行集的一部分
D．有效集由收益率最高的投资机会组成
17.假定某资产组合是有效的，其标准差为20%，市场组合的预期收益率为15%，标准差为25%，无风险收益率为5%。根据资本市场线，该资产组合的预期收益率为（）。
A．10% B．13% C．15% D．20%
一、单项选择题（20题，每题2分，共40分）
A．X和Y是替代品B. X和Y是正常商品
C．X和Y是劣质品D. X和Y是互补品
2.就短期边际成本和短期平均成本的关系来说（）。
A．如果平均成本下降，则边际成本下降
B．如果平均成本下降，则边际成本小于平均成本
C．如果平均成本上升，则边际成本上升
D．如果平均成本上升，则边际成本小于平均成本
A．公司的控制权被稀释B．公司的股价上升
C．公司的融资成本提高D．公司投资机会的增加
13.当出现普遍的经济不景气时，银行贷款所面临的主要风险是（）。
A．信用风险B.利率风险
C．管理风险D.政策风险
14.英镑的年利率为27%，美元的年利率为9%，假如一家美国公司投资英镑1年，为符合利率平价，英镑应相对美元（）。
二、计算题（6题，每题10分，共60分）
1.设某消费者的效用函数为：U=X0.5Y0.5，这两种商品X和Y的价格分别为PX=2，PY=3，消费者的收入为180，求消费者均衡时X、Y的购买量各是多少？
2.某垄断者的成本函数为TC=0.5Q2+10Q，产品的需求函数为P=90-0.5Q，计算利润极大时的产量、利润和价格？
4.一张面值为1 000的一年期国库券，其发行价格为800元，两年后按照1 000元偿付，计算其到期收益率？
5.假定某日市场上美元对人民币即期汇率为1美元=6.3人民币元，美元6个月的利率为年利3.5%，人民币6个月的利率为年利2.0%，试根据上述材料计算美元兑人民币6个月的远期汇率？
6. A资产和B资产的方差—协方差矩阵如下表
18.技术分析的三大假设是（）。
（1）市场行为涵盖一切信息
（2）投资者都是理性的
（3）股票价格沿趋势变动
（4）历史会重演
（5）股价随机游走
A．（1）（2）（5）B．（2）（3）（4）
C．（1）（3）（4）D．（2）（3）（5）
19.看跌期权的多头期望标的资产的价格会（），看涨期权的空头期望标的资产的价格会（）。
A．升值18% B.贬值36%
C．贬值14% D.升值14%
15.根据国际费雪效应（）。
A．两国货币汇差等于两国国民收入之差
B．两国货币汇差等于两国利率差
C．两国利率差等于两国国民收入之差
D．两国货币汇差等于两国市场风险之差
16.下列关于两种风险资产形成的有效集的说法中，正确的是（）。
A．有效集上的资产组合风险一定最小
A．增加，增加B．减少，增加C．增加，减少D．减少，减少
20.下列关于决定汇率目长期顺差，将加大该国货币升值的压力
B．如果一国通货膨胀严重，则该国货币对外汇价就会下跌
C．如果一国的实际利率高于别国，该国的本币就会贬值
D．经济增长率对外汇汇率的影响是多方向的，不能一概而论
σ2
A资产
B资产
A资产
0.16
0.12
B资产
0.12
0.25
假设A资产和B资产的E(r)分别为2和1，
（1）计算两资产的相关系数？
（2）如果一项资产组合包括50% A资产和50% B资产，计算该资产组合的预期收益率和风险？
（3）计算最优资产组合的权重？
三、分析与论述题（3题，共50分）
1.试述完全竞争厂商要素使用原则？（10分）
6.经济增长的黄金分割率指（）。
A．产出增长率等于储蓄率B.资本边际产品等于劳动增长率
C．储蓄率等于人口增长率D.产出增长率等于技术变化率
7.总需求曲线向右下方倾斜是由于（）。
A．物价水平上升时，投资会减少B.物价水平上升时，消费会减少
C．物价水平上升时，净出口会减少D.以上几个因素都是
8.根据“蒙代尔政策搭配理论”，当一国国际收支出现顺差、国内通货膨胀严重时，合理的政策选择为（）。
A．证券市场是有效的
B．存在一种无风险资产，投资者可以不受限制地借入和贷出
C．投资者都是风险规避的
D．投资者在期望收益率和风险的基础上选择投资组合。
11.最佳资本结构是指（）。
A．每股利润最大时的资本结构
B．企业风险最小时的资本结构
C．企业目标资本结构
D．综合资金成本最低，企业价值最大时的资本结构
12.公司发行新股会导致（）。
2016年招收硕士学位研究生入学考试试题
********************************************************************************************
学科、专业名称：金融（专硕）
研究方向：
考试科目名称：金融学综合431
考生注意：所有答案必须写在答题纸（卷）上，写在本试题上一律不给分。