2020年河南省郑州市高考英语一模试卷
2020年河南省郑州市高考英语一模试卷第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑．1. Looking for work?Tutors Wanted: Math / Science / Humanities + Test PreparationJob Posted: 2 days agoWage: ＄27 ﹣ 30 per hourJob Type: Part﹣timeSchedule: Afternoons, evenings, weekdays, weekendsJob description:We’re looking for tutors to join us before the next school year starts．Our suitable candidate will be able to assist middle and high school students with test preparation and academic work in Math, Science and / or Humanities．We’ll pay for your training before this fall and can also offer flexible summer tutoring chances, including teaching group classes．Once our fall semester starts on August 21, we’ll have even higher demand for tutoring sessions on Sundays from1 p． m． to 8 p．m． as well as from 3 p． m． to 9 p． m．Monday﹣Thursday．What we offer:※ Flexible scheduling． Tutors work from 15 to 30 hours per week depending on availability and student demand．※ Free Sunday dinners during the academic year．※ Fun staff gatherings※ Health insurance reimbursement （补偿） for staff working over 30 hours per week．※ We are 5 minutes’ wal king distance from the Menlo Park Caltrain Station．Applicants must:※ Have a good command of the subjects they tutor．※ Be willing to tutor students through the full academic year．Application instructions:※ Email us your resume （简历）※ Tell us why you want to join Academic Trainers and describe your experience of tutoring students if you have any．※ Let us know your scheduling preferences and potential start date．※ Tell us which of the subjects you are able to tutor﹣Math, Science and/or Humanities．（1）Which period of time needs the most tutors during the academic year？________A. Saturday and Sunday mornings．B. Friday afternoons and evenings．C. Monday and Thursday mornings．D. Sunday afternoons and evenings．．（2）What can a tutor enjoy who works more than 30 hours per week？________A. Comfortable accommodation．B. Free job training every month．C. Health insurance reimbursement．D. Free meals during the academic year．．（3）What qualification should a suitable candidate have？________A. He / She must tutor all the subjects part﹣time．B. He / She must be good at the subjects they tutor．C. He / She must have a previous tutoring experience．D. He / She must work every evening through the academic year．2. If there was a subject at school that made me anxious, it was science．Maybe that’s because in my tenth grade, I couldn’t understand my physics teacher’s instructions, causing me to accidentally set fire to the classroom． So, when my husband and I decided to home﹣school our daughters, we made a deal: he would teach science, while I would handle everything else．But that’s not how things have been going these past few weeks, since my husband has been too busy to teach the girls．Recently, while out on my morning hike before starting lessons, I noticed that the sky was a beautiful blue, and the air was filled with the sweet smell of flowers．That s why I decided that the day’s lessons would be taught outside, although I remembered that my daughters ha dn’t had any science classes from my husband for a while． I returned to the house to get the girls ready． We headed up into the forest, settling ourselves by a pond that rarely has any visitors． My daughter Saoirse started to pick up pond weeds and catch frogs, while my other daughter Ula looked at me, waiting to be instructed． I handed her a drawing board and colored pencils．“We wait, ”I told her, " and see if something comes along． In the meantime, just draw what’s around you．"We worked for more than an hour, hardly speaking． A bird flew across the water, and then settled in a front of a fallen tree． I quickly told Ula, worried that she’d not seen the creature． But she had, and she started drawing it． An hour later, she she’d not finis hed her picture and I stared down at ________． She drew the bird on her paper with amazing accuracy． But there was one other interesting fact about this drawing: she also drewme, sitting beside her．I realized, as I stared at this child’s drawing o f us watching a bird, how I’d lived for 40 years, gathered 10 years of higher education, and never understood the foundation of science before this moment． The foundation of science is a sense of wonder; it isn’t about accurately reciting words from a textbook． It is first and foremost about stepping outside our busy lives and amazing at the world around us．（1）How did the author feel about science when in school？________A， She was nervous about it．B. She was fond of it．C. She was confused about it．D. She was eager for it．．（2）The underlined word“it” in Paragraph 4 refers to“________”A. the fallen treeB. the forestC. the birdD. the picture．（3）Which of the following best describes Ula？________A. She’s very outgoing．B. She’s good at observing．C. She’s very hard﹣working．D. She shares interests with her sister．．（4）What is the foundation of science in the author’s opinion？________A. Attention to accuracy．B. Curiosity about the outside world．C. Determination to find out the truth．D. Ability to understand teachers’ instructions．3. Something strange has been happening to me lately: Women in the street have been telling me I’m brave．My act of courage isn’t much﹣I just stopped coloring my hair． I had brown hair that started going gray when I was 30． So, like a lot of women, I started dyeing （染）it． It was expensive and time﹣consuming． And my hair grows fast, so I needed to go back to the hair salon（美发厅） every 5 weeks．Many people seem to enjoy holding onto their youth for as long as possible, giving off the impression that they don’ t have much wisdom or many accomplishments． But our hair starts to turn gray and suddenly we start spending ＄500 or more a year to cover something our male colleagues don’t need to cover．Of course, People should do what they want with their own body ﹣my mother is 91 and still has “blond”hair, and why not? I just wish more of us would feel that it was OK to be ourselves, because going gray has done more for me than saving me time and money．I like my natural hair, just as it is． I like how it has got curly and full again． It is recovering after years of being damaged by chemicals． I also like that it has given me some needed attitude in a society that makes youth seem so important, while being against maturity．It reminds me that I’m not a kid anymore ﹣and this isn’t a bad thing． Not being a kid anymore means I read the books I want, and not the books i feel I should read． It means not wasting my time at ev ents I don’ t need to attend when I’d rather be with my family and friends．When I see my hair in the mirror, it’s a reminder that my time is limited, and I should spend it doing what matters．There’s nothing shameful about growing older And pretending it’s not happening is a way of giving up our power．I see my gray hair as a little act of rebellion（反叛）against the idea that people lose value as they age, instead of gaining it．I see gray hair as my “flag” and I’m letting it fly proudly．（1）How does the author feel about coloring hair？________A. It shows people’s great courage．B. It is a good way to hold onto youth．C. It shows wisdom and accomplishments．D. It is not worth the time and money spent on it．．（2）What should we do when we grow old according to the author？________A. Give up our power．B. Pretend to be still young．C. Accept it and act positively．D. Read as many books as possible．．（3）What is the authors main purpose in writing this passage？________A. To explain why youth is valued．B. To share her opinion on growing older．C. To stress the importance of different attitudes．D. To analyze the advantages and disadvantages of aging．．（4）Which can be the best title for the passage？________A. Holding Onto YouthB. Dyeing Your HairC. Gaining Value With AgeD. Valuing Wisdom Of Age．4. AIDS may be one of the most undesirable diseases in the world． Luckily, there is now hope for AIDS patients． According to a recent paper published in the New England Journal of Medicine, Chinese scientists have successfully used CRISPR technology ﹣a method of gene editing﹣to treat a patient with HIV． While it may not have cured the patient fully, it still represents a huge step forward in fighting the disease．The patient was a 27﹣year﹣old Chinese man who was diagnosed with both AIDS and acute lymphoblastic leukemia （淋巴母细胞白血病）, a type of blood cancer． Despite his ________ situation, doctors offered him a little hope: a bone marrow （骨髓） transplant to treat his cancer and an experimental treatment for hisHIV． They used this chance to edit the DNA in bone marrow stem cells （干细胞） from a donor before transplanting the cells into the patient．Specifically, the treatment involved using the gene﹣editing tool CRISPR﹣Cas9 to delete a gene known asCCR5, which encodes （给…编码） a protein that HIV uses to get inside human cells． Without the gene, HIV is unable to enter cells． Talking about the gene, lead scientist Deng Hongkui told CNN, “After being edited, the cells and the blood cells they produce have the ability to resist HIV infection．” Nineteen months after thetreatment, the patients leukemia was in complete remission（缓解） and donor cells without CCR5remained, according to the research paper．Tho ugh the transplant didn’t cure the man’s HIV, it still showed the effectiveness of gene﹣editing technology, as there was no indication of any unintended genetic changes﹣a major concern with past gene﹣editing treatment experiments．Amesh Adalja, a senior scholar at the Johns Hopkins Center for Health Security in the United States, who was not involved in the study, praised the treatment．“They did a very creative experiment, and it was safe, ” he told Live Science．“It should be viewed as a success．”Deng believes gene﹣editing technology could “bring a new dawn” to blood related diseases such as AIDS and sickle﹣cell anaemia （镰状细胞贫血）．“Thanks to this new technology, the goal of a functional cure for AIDS is getting closer and closer, ” he said．（1）The underlined word “bleak” in Paragraph 3 probably means “________”．A. hopelessB. unstableC. embarrassingD. unique．（2）How did the treatment fight against HIV________．A. By identifying and killing HIV．B. By changing the structure of HIV．C. By preventing HIV entering cells．D. By removing a protein HIV feeds on．．（3）What is the result of the treatment？________A. Gene﹣edited cells are able to resist HIV infection．B. The number of cells infected by HIV has decreased．C. CCR5 and other gen es in the patient’s cells are changed．D. Unintended genetic changes have taken place in the patient’s cells．．（4）What can we know about the experiment？________A. It pointed out the problems of gene treatment．B. It provided a new way to cure AIDS patients fully．C. It could offer a safe treatment for blood﹣related diseases．D. It was the first example to use gene﹣editing tool to treat AIDS．第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑．选项中有两项为多余选项．Are people less or more happy when they get older A study in 2018 found that people generally become happier and experience less worry after age 50． In fact， it found that by the age of 85， people are happier with their life than they were at 18．Arthur Stone in the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science at Stony Brook University in New York led the study． His team found that levels of stress were the highest among adults between the ages of 22 and 25．（1）_______Happiness was the highest among th e youngest adults and those in their early 70’s． But the people least likely to report feeling negative emotions were those in their 70’s and 80’s．The survey also found that men and women have similar emotional patterns as they grow older．（2）_______ The researchers also considered possible influences like， having young children being unemployed or being single． Bu， they found that influences like these did not affect the levels of happiness and well﹣being related to age．（3）_______One theory is that， as people get older， they become more than thankful for what they have and have better control of their emotions． They also spend less time thinking about bad experiences．（4）_______In another study，people in their 80’s reported the fewest problems with the q uality of their sleep． The original goal was to confirm the popular belief that aging is connected with increased sleep problems．（5）_______But except for that， people reported that they felt their sleep quality improved as they got older．A． So why will happiness increase with age？B． Researchers surveyed more than 150， 000 American adults．C． At that time， the people were between the ages of 18 and 85．D．Stress levels dropped sharply after people reached their 50’s．E． Happiness is not the only thing that apparently improves with age．F． The survey did find an increase during middle age， especially in women．G． However， women at all ages reported more sadness， stress and worry than men．第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分 45 分）第一节完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项．Five years ago, I took a career risk by leaving my job to work on a ship． My medical friends did their best to persuade me, saying that running away to sea would（1）_______my career． But after these years working as a junior doctor, I was willing to take the risk．（2）_______for adventure, I boarded a ship in Singapore with 2, 000 passengers and crew． To My（3）_______, the hospital was well equipped, with an X﹣ray machine and a blood analyzer．That first voyage was a learning experience, a （4）_______ schedule full of safety drills． There was so much new information to（5）_______． Even remembering which uniform to wear each day was a（6）_______． Most confusing, I often forgot to （7）_______my clock when the ship crossed time zones．As a doctor, I was（8）_______for the 600 crew． and I was on call for the entire ship． Far from （9）_______ seasickness and sunburn, I had to deal with other diseases, for my patients were wide and varied．The ship’s medical center was （10）_______ a floating emergency room, and we didn’t have a team of specialists on handfor a second （11）_______． With long and unpredictable hours, it required mental （12）_______．As you can guess, many of the passengers were elderly．Heart attacks don’t （13）_______geography and emergency evacuations （疏散）were difficult to arrange． I recall one such patient, who was taken off the ship halfway through the Panama Canal．After a （14）_______ ride in an old ambulance, I was relieved that the patient （15）_______long enough to arrive at the hospital in Panama City．（16）_______ , there were several unexpected benefits to the job． I regularly （17）_______the passenger facilities （设施）and I even hosted my own table of passengers in the evenings． On rare days off, I（18）_______ as a tour guide on trips ashore． I got to fly over Alaska in a seaplane and watched a ballet in St Petersburg． Now, I understand being a ship doctor is not a job﹣it’s a way of （19）_______．One year at sea became two． I lost my career ambitions, （20）_______ I redefined happiness in my life．（1）A.blockB.buildC.ruinD.improve（2）A.HungryB.SkilfulC.SuitableD.Concern（3）A.shockB.disappointmentC.excitementD.relief（4）A.dailyB.tightC.strictD.flexible（5）A.take inB.figure outC.search forD.pick over（6）A.trainingB.riskC.challengeD.choice（7）A.watchB.repairC.checkD.set（8）A.powerfulB.responsibleC.hopefulD.helpful（9）A.treatingB.sufferingC.escapingD.stopping（10）A.exactlyB.particularlyC.certainlyD.actually（11）A.examinationB.considerationC.opinionD.discussion（12）fortmunicationC.toughnessD.pressure（13）A.care aboutB.refer toC.trouble withD.rely on（14）A.relaxingB.boringC.promisingD.terrifying（15）A.survivedB.struggledC.awokeD.stuck（16）A.SteadilyB.ThankfullyC.ImportantlyD.Generally（17）A.cleanedB.fixedC.enjoyedD.protected（18）A.returnedB.travelledC.performedD.volunteered（19）A.confidenceB.lifeC.experienceD.success（20）A.thoughB.unlessC.butD.or第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡相应的位置上．If you’ve ever ridden public transport，you’ve probably heard snoring（打鼾）and found someone sleeping in the seat across from you． The natural vibration（震动）of buses and subways （1）________ （make） us feel sleepy， according to a new study in Science Alert．Why？It’s all about sensory input ﹣ information going to your brain． On a bus， your senses give you（2）________ （continue） and repeating information． For example， the air conditioner and engine create constant white noise． Meanwhile， you are sitting still and your（3）________（surrounding）don’t change． The vibrations of the engine are also opening． Your brain has almost no new information to process．Repeating information will be（4）________（ignore） eventually and your brain will enter a low﹣energy state． The fact that you fall asleep quickly with your eyes （5）________（close） on a bus is because your brain gets used to all the repeat．"When you’re tired，it doesn’t take much time （6）________ （start）nodding off and we’ve found that the gentle vibrations made by car seats （7）________you drive can lull（使放松）your brain and body，" said Stephen Robinson，（8）________researcher from the RMIT University in Melbourne， Australia．Robinson’s team mentioned 15 volunteers’ heart rate variability（心率变异性）﹣awell﹣known indicator of sleepiness． This line of research can assist in the development of practical and relevant guidelines for limiting （9）________ （expose） to vibrations in the car industry． Robinson believed that the research could be helpful （10）________improving road safety．“We hope that future car seat designs can build in features to disturb this lulling effect and fight vibration﹣induced（震动引起的）sleepiness，” he said．第四部分写作（共两节，满分 35 分）第一节短文改错（共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文．文中共有 10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处．每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改．增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（˄），并在其下面写出该加的词．删除：把多余的词用斜线（/）划掉．修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词．注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2．只允许修改 10 处，多者（从第 11 处起）不计分．The first foreign language I never learnt was French，but it didn’t go very well． My mother asked our neighbor teach me when I was seven．French wasn’t his native languages，but he used to live in France， so he could speak a little． However，I learnt very little until I didn’t feel it related to my daily life anyway． When I entered into senior high school， my attitude to language learning changed． I decided to learn Latin，that I’ve always been interested in because I want to study law．Learning Latin wasn’t a struggle for myself for this reason． Soon I begin to read classic books in Latin． Read those books opened a window for me to another world or gave me a new point of view on my own world．第二节书面表达（满分 25 分）假如你是李华，在你校学习汉语的美国交换生 Peter 发邮件说他想参加你校即将举办的中华经典文学朗诵比赛（Chinese Classics Recital Contest），但不知如何准备，请根据以下要点用英语给他回复．1．推荐朗诵内容2．介绍朗诵技巧3．告知注意事项4．预祝比赛成功注意：1．词数 100 左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3．开头和结尾已经为你写好，不计入总词数．Dear Peter，﹣﹣﹣﹣Yours，Li Hua参考答案与试题解析2020年河南省郑州市高考英语一模试卷第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑．1.【答案】DCB【考点】广告布告类阅读应用文阅读【解析】新的学期开始之前，招聘家教，对工作的性质，要求，条件，申请方式等进行了详细的描述．【解答】（1） D．细节理解题．根据 Job description 这一主题下面的第四段Once our fall semester starts on August 21，we will have even higher demand for tutoring sessions on Sundays from 1 p．m． to 8 p．m． as well as from 3 p．m． to 9 p．m． Monday﹣Thursday．所以最需要家教的时间是周日下午和晚上．选择 D．（2） C．细节理解题．根据What we offer 这一段中，每周工作超过 30 个小时的家庭教师可享受到健康保险补偿，故选C．（3） B．细节理解题．根据Applicants must 这一段，Have a good command of the subjects they tutor．必须掌握好所教授的科目，因此答案选择 B．A 答案错在 all 一词上面；C 答案和 D 答案在文章中没有提及．2.【答案】ACBB【考点】记叙文阅读人生感悟类阅读【解析】从作者自身学习科学的经历出发，在女儿的画作中逐步改变态度，认识到学习科学的真正含义．【解答】（1） A．推理判断题．根据文章第一段第一句话，If there was a subject at school that made me anxious ， it was science．可知 anxious 和 nervous 是同义词替换，科学总是让作者感到焦虑，紧张，故选A．（2） C．词义猜测题．根据文章第四段But she started drawing it．第四段第一句中，A bird flew across the water， and then settled in front of a fallen tree．一只鸟从水面上飞过…可知．it指的是“鸟”．故选C．（3） B．细节理解题．根据文章第四段的后半部分，An hour later， she finished her pictures and I stared down at it． She drew the bird on her paper with amazing accuracy． But there was one other interesting fact about this drawing； she also drew me ， sitting beside her．在作者女儿的画作中很容易看出来，非常擅长观察．故选B．（4） B．细节理解题．根据最后一段的The foundation of science is a sense of wonder； It is first and foremost about stepping outside our busy lives and amazing at the world around us．学习科学的目的在于使我们对整个世界充满好奇．故选B．3.【答案】DCBD【考点】故事类阅读议论文阅读【解析】叙述自己由染发到不染发态度的转变，而感慨坦然面对变老正视年龄的经历．【解答】（1） D．事实细节题．根据第四段最后一句找到答案，I just wish more of us would feel that it was OK to be ourselves， because going gray has done more for me than saving me time and money．可以看出坦然做自己就好，头发变灰白接受年龄比节省时间和金钱带来的感受更重要．说明花在这上面的时间和金钱是不值得的．故选D．（2） C．事实细节题．根据倒数第二段．There’s nothing shameful about growing older．And pretending it’snot happening is a way of giving up our power．可知，当我们老的时候，我们要接受并积极的回应．故选C．（3） B．主旨大意题．全篇通过不再染发阐述对于变老的思考和态度，在文章五六七段都提到了自己坦然面对白发，面对年龄的感慨，故选 B．（4） D．主旨大意题．文章全文脉络是由染发提出问题，有反思有感慨，最后得出坦然变老的态度．通过最后一段第一句 I see my gray hair as a little act of rebellion（反叛）against the idea that people lose value as they age， instead of gaining it．可以看出：不是获得，虽然文中最后有 gaining 这个词，但是更多的要面对要珍惜，是提醒．故选 D．4.【答案】ACAC【考点】科教类阅读说明文阅读【解析】本文是一篇说明文，世界上最难治疗的疾病之一艾滋病现在有了新希望，通过改变基因编码的方法，给治疗艾滋病带来了曙光．【解答】（1）．A 词义猜测题．根据语境义可以看出来，前面有 despite 是尽管虽然的意思，后半句是doctors offered him a little hope，医生提供了一线希望，所以他的状况应该暗淡的，无希望的，B 选项是不稳定的，C 选项是尴尬的，D 选项是独一无二的，故答案选 A．（2）．C 细节理解题．根据第四的第一句 Specifically， the treatment involved using the gene﹣editing tool CRISPR﹣Cas9 to delete a gene known as CCR5， which encodes（给…编码） a protein that HIV uses to get inside human cells． Without the gene， HIV is unable to enter cells具体地说，治疗方法是使用基因编辑工具CRISPR﹣Cas9删除一个名为CCR5的基因，这个基因编码（给…编码）一种艾滋病病毒进入人体细胞所使用的蛋白质，没有这个基因，艾滋病病毒就无法进入细胞．．如果没有这个基因，HIV 没有办法进入细胞，故答案是C．（3）A．推理判断题．根据文章第六段 Talking about the gene， lead scientist Deng Hongkui told CNN，“Afterbeing edited， the cells ﹣ and the blood cells they produce ﹣ have the ability to resist HIV infection（在谈到该基因时，首席科学家邓宏奎告诉CNN，”经过编辑后，这些细胞﹣﹣以及它们产生的血细胞﹣﹣有能力抵抗艾滋病毒感染．"）可知，治疗的结果是一些病人的血细胞可以抵抗HIV感染．故选A．（4）C．推理判断题．根据倒数第二段Deng believes gene﹣editing technology could “bring a new dawn” to blood﹣related diseases such as AIDS and sickle cell anemia （镰刀形细胞性贫血）（邓认为，基因编辑技术可以给艾滋病和镰状细胞性贫血等血液相关疾病带来“新的曙光”）可知，这个实验可以为血液相关疾病提供一种安全的治疗方法．故选C．第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑．选项中有两项为多余选项．【答案】D,G,A,E,F【考点】说明文七选五【解析】文章介绍了一项调查．经研究发现，人们在50岁之后会变得更加幸福，也会少一些忧虑．【解答】（1）D．推理判断题．设空处位于第二段最后一句，设空前一句 His team found that levels of stress were the highest among adults between the ages of 22 and （2）说了研究团队关于压力水平的发现．所以 36 空仍为压力水平的研究的成果．从下列七个选项中，只有 D 选项说的是压力水平，而且是结论．故答案为 D．（3）G．推理判断题．设空处位于第三段最后一句，此句前一句The survey also found that men and women have similar emotional patterns as they grow older．说的是随着年龄变老，男人和女人有相似的情绪的模式．所以后一句仍然是说基于男女对比的研究发现．故为 G．（4）A．推理判断题．设空处位于第五段第一句，而且为总领句．根据后面One theory is that， as peopleget older， they become more than thankful for what they have and have better control of their emotions．的总结，说的是人老了之后变得对他们所拥有的事务更加感激，而且能更好地控制情绪等．所以，第一句为什么幸福感会随着年龄增长．正确答案为 A．（5）E．推理判断题．设空处位于第六段第一句，根据后面的句子In another study，people in their 80’s reported the fewest problems with the quality of their sleep．得知，到了人们 80 岁的时候，有最少的睡眠质问题，是随着变老的又一个好处．故答案为 E．（6）F．推理判断题．设空处位于倒数第二句话．前一句 The original goal was to confirm the popular beliefthat aging is connected with increased sleep problems．是说，随着年龄额增加，睡眠问题应该增加．而空后有转折词“but”为转折，得知其前一句顺承关系．说的是睡眠问题的增加，故为 F．第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分 45 分）第一节完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项．【答案】CADBACDBADC CADABCDBC【考点】人生感悟类阅读【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了五年前，我冒着职业风险离开了工作岗位去了一艘轮船上工作，在船上治病救人的事情．【解答】（1） C．考查动词．A． block 阻挡；B． build 建造；C． ruin 毁掉；D． improve提高；根据 I took a career risk by leaving my job to work on a ship． My medical friends did their best to persuade me，可知我的决定有风险，可能会摧毁（ruin）我的事业．故选C．（2） A．考查形容词．A． Hungry饿的；B． Skilful熟练的；C． Suitable 合适的；D． Concern担心的；hungry for 渴望．由上文可知作者是渴望冒险的．故选A．（3） D．考查名词．A． shock 震惊；B． disappointment 失望；C． excitement 激动；D． relief放松；Tomy relief 让我如释重负，由上文作者反复用 risk 冒险描述海上的工作可知作者对海上的工作是有担忧的，而下文 the hospital was well equipped 医院设施很好，所以让作者松了一口气，如释重负．故选D．（4） B．考查形容词．A． daily日常的； B． tight 紧紧的；C． strict 严格的；D． flexible灵活的；由下文full of safety drills．充满了安全训练可知行程安排还是很紧凑的．故选B．（5） A．考查动词．A． take in吸收；B． figure out明白； C． search for寻找；D． pick over挑选；有很多信息需要吸收，理解（take in）．故选A．（6） C．考查动词．A． training训练； B． risk冒险； C． challenge 挑战；D． choice选择；前文说每天都有很多信息要吸收，所以每天要记得穿什么衣服是应该是一个挑战（challenge）．故选C．（7） D．考查动词．A． watch看；B． repair 修理；C． check 检查；D． set设置；本句意思是，当轮船跨过时区的时候，我常忘记设置（set）我的表．故选D．（8） B．考查形容词．A． powerful 强大的；B． responsible 负责的；C． hopeful有希望的；D． helpful有帮助的；作为一位医生，我要对全体船员负责．故选B．（9） A．考查动词．A． treating治疗； B． suffering遭受； C． escaping 逃跑；D． stopping停止；句意：我作为医生除了治疗 treat 晕船和晒伤，我不得不处理其他疾病．故选A．（10） D．考查副词． A． exactly确切地； B． particularly尤其； C． certainly 当然；D． actually实际上；根据语境，事实上（actually），船上的医疗中心是一个浮动的应急中心，所以我们没有专家队伍再给我另外的建议．故选D．（11） C．考查名词． A． examination考试；B． consideration考虑；C． opinion意见； D． discussion讨论；根据语境，事实上，船上的医疗中心是一个浮动的应急中心，所以我们没有专家队伍再给我另外的建议（opinion）．故选C．（12） C．考查名词．A． comfort安慰； B． communication交流； C． toughness任性； D． pressure压力；前半句说在漫长的不可预测的时间里，是需要坚毅的 toughness 精神．故选C．（13） A．考查动词． A． care about 在乎；B． refer to 谈到；C． trouble with麻烦； D． rely on依靠；心脏病的发生不在乎地理位置（心脏病随时可能发生）．故选A．（14） D．考查名词．A． relaxing 放松的；B． boring无聊的； C． promising 有希望的；D． terrifying吓人的；由上文说 I recall one such patient， who was taken off the ship halfway through the Panama Canal．我回想起一个病人，他半路下船穿越了巴拿马运河，所以后面的旅途．可以看出过程并不轻松，所以后面在一个老旧的救护车里应该是在一个令人有点害怕的旅途．也对应额后面我如释重负的知道他到达医院了．故选D．（15） A．考查动词．A． survived 幸存；B． struggled 挣扎；C． awoke醒来；D． stuck陷入；在一个可怕的旅途中，这个病人能到达医院，应该是幸存的 survived．故选A．（16） B．考查副词．A． Steadily 稳定地；B． Thankfully感激地； C． Importantly 重要地；D． Generally大体上； thankfully 幸亏，这个工作还有一些意想不到的好处．故选B．（17） C．考查动词． A． cleaned 打扫；B． fixed固定； C． enjoyed享受； D． protected保护；根据上文知道，前面说的是在船上工作的不好的地方，而这一段说的是幸亏还有好处，所以我应该是喜欢船上的设施的．故选C．（18） D．考查动词．A． returned回来； B． travelled旅游； C． performed 表现；D． volunteered志愿；这话说的是，在少数的日子里我会作为一名导游，根据句意我应该是志愿当的导游．故选D．（19） B．考查名词．A． confidence信心；B． life生命； C． experience经历；D． success成功；根据语境，我没有吧船上的医生工作看成一个工作，而是一种生活方式，也对应下文的我重新定义了我生活的幸福．故选B．（20） C．考查连词．A． though尽管； B． unless除非； C． but 但是；D． or或者；前面说我失去的我的事业上的抱负，但是 but，我重新定义了我生活的幸福．故选C．第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡相应的位置上．【答案】makes,continuous / continuing / continued / continual,surroundings,ignored,closed,tostart,when/while/as,a,exposure,in/for【考点】说明文语法填空【解析】本文讲述根据《科学警示》杂志的一项新研究，公共汽车和地铁的自然振动使我们感到困倦．并且解释了其原因．【解答】1． makes；考查动词；提示词为动词，在句子中作谓语，故考查动词时态，语态和主谓一致．空格所在句子陈述客观事实，故用一般现在时，主语和谓语动词是主动关系，主语是Thenatural vibration，第三人称单数，故答案是 makes．2． continuous / continuing / continued / continual；考查动词；提示词为动词，考查词性转换，根据句意分析，空格处需要填写形容词，且与 repeating 并列，修饰 information，所以需要把提示词变为形容词，故答案为continuous / continuing / continued / continual．3． surroundings；考查名词；提示词为名词，考查可数名词变复数，故答案为 surroundings．4． ignored；考查动词；提示词为动词，考查动词时态，语态．根据句意分析，句子主语和动词之间是被动关系，故答案为 ignored．5． closed；考查动词；提示词为动词，考查词性转换．根据句意分析，空格处作 eyes 的宾语补足语，故把close 变为形容词形式，故答案为 closed．6． to start；考查动词；提示词为动词，考查非谓语．固定搭配 take some time to do sth．故答案为to start．7． when/while/as；考查连词；空格无提示词，根据句意分析需要填写连接词，理解为“当…时候”，故答案填写 when/while/as8．a；考查固定搭配冠词；空格无提示词，根据句意分析需要填写冠词，理解为“一个来自RMIT 的研究者”，做 Stephen Robinson 的同位语，故答案为 a．9．exposure；考查动词；空格提示词是动词，考查词性转换，空格前有limiting 形容词，故空格处填写名词，根据固定搭配 exposure to，暴露，遭受，故填写 exposure．10． in/for；考查介词；无提示词，根据句意分析，空格处填介词，表示在某方面，故用介词 in/for．第四部分写作（共两节，满分 35 分）第一节短文改错（共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分）【答案】The first foreign language I never learnt was French，but it didn’t go very well． My mother asked our neighbor∧teach me when I was seven．French wasn’t his native languages，but he used to live in France， so he could speak a little． However， I learnt very little until I didn’t feel it related to my daily life anyway． When I entered into senior high school， my attitude to language learning changed． I decided to learn Latin，that I’ve always been interested in because I want to study law．Learning Latin wasn’t a struggle for myself for this reason． Soon I begin to read classic books in Latin．Read those books opened a window for me to another world or gave me a new point of view on my own world．详1． never 改为 ever，考察副词，never 词义为否定含义“从不”，而此处需要的是肯定意义，因此改为“ever 曾经”．2． teach 前加 to，考察非谓语动词，该题为固定搭配，ask sb． to do sth．3. 1anguages 改为 language，考察名词，考察名词的单复数，这里语义为“法语不是他的母语”因此 language 应用单数．4． until 改为 because，考察连词，句意：然而我学到很少，因为我不觉得法语和我的日常生活有关联，故将until 改为 because．5．删掉 into，考察介词，enter 表示进入某一具体场所、建筑物等，是及物动词，其后不需要加介词into．因此这里表示进入高中，需要删掉介词 into．6． that 改为 which，考察连词，本题考察定语从句关系代词，从句中I’ve always been interested in 缺宾语，先行词为 Latin 表示物，可用 that/which，但是从句前有逗号，为非限制性定语从句，只用 which 不用 that．7． myself 改为 me，考察代词，反身代词作宾语时，和主语人称要一致．本句主语为 Learning Latin，而不是I，因此把 myself 改为宾格 me．8． begin 改为 began，考察谓语动词，考察谓语动词的时态语态．本文描述的都是过去的动作，因此要把begin改为过去式 began．9． Read 改为 Reading，考察非谓语动词，本句谓语动词为 opened，前面缺少主语，需要用动名词作主语．故 Read改为 Reading．10． or 改为 and，考察连词，本题考察并列连词的逻辑关系，这里表达了读书的两个好处，因此两者关系应为并列．故 or 改为 and．【考点】记叙文短文改错【解析】本文讲述我学习法语、拉丁语的经历．【解答】The first foreign language I never learnt was French，but it didn’t go very well． My mother asked our neighbor∧teach me when I was seven．French wasn’t his native languages，but he used to live in France， so he could speak a little． However， I learnt very little until I didn’t feel it related to my daily life anyway． When I entered into senior high school， my attitude to language learning changed． I decided to learn Latin，that I’ve always been interested in because I want to study law．Learning Latin wasn’t a struggle for myself for this reason． Soon I begin to read classic books in Latin．Read those books opened a window for me to another world or gave me a new point of view on my own world．详1． never 改为 ever，考察副词，never 词义为否定含义“从不”，而此处需要的是肯定意义，因此改为“ever 曾经”．2． teach 前加 to，考察非谓语动词，该题为固定搭配，ask sb． to do sth．3. 1anguages 改为 language，考察名词，考察名词的单复数，这里语义为“法语不是他的母语”因此 language 应用单数．。
2020届郑州市第一零一中学高三英语一模试卷及答案解析
2020届郑州市第一零一中学高三英语一模试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AWhat good films are coming out in March? Here are four films to watch this March.MulanIt’s another live-action remake of a classic Disney cartoon. It is based on an ancient Chinese girl who dresses up herself as a man so that she can join the army.Director Niki Caro and the actors show us wonderful battle scenes and Chinese Kung Fu.OnwardDragons, unicorns (独角兽) and other creatures are usually considered to only exist in ancient Greece, but in Onward, they are all still alive and kicking in the UStoday. Onward is about two brothers who go on a road trip in order to bring their father back from the dead. It is such a perfect film that it’s worth spending a few hours in the cinema.RadioactiveRadioactive tells us about a famous Polish-French scientist, Marie Curie who won the Nobel Prize twice but was finally killed by the radiation she studied. In the film. Curie is played by Rosamund Pike alongside Sam Riley as her husband Pierre Curie and Anya Taylor-Joy as their daughter Irene.MisbehaviorThe Miss World Beauty Contest may be out of fashion, but it used to be one of television’s biggest events.Misbehaviortells what happened when the event was staged at the Royal Albert hall in London in 1970. There could hardly be a more interesting topic for a film, even if it was set 50 years ago.1. What do we know about Onward?A. It praises a woman fighter.B. It is a Chinese story.C. It focuses on animal protection.D. It is a film about magic.2. Who does Rosamund Pike play?A. A soldier.B. A killer.C. A scientist.D. A designer.3. Which of the following films is set in the UK?A. Misbehavior.B. Onward.C. Radioactive.D. Mulan.BShanghairesidents passing through the city’s eastern Huangpu district in Octobermight have astonished at an unusual sight: a “walking” building. An 85-year-old primary school has been lifted off the ground in its entirety and relocated using new technology named the “walking” machine.In the city’s latest effort to preserve historic structures, engineers used nearly 200 mobile supports under the five-story building. The supports act like robotic legs. They’re split into two groups which in turns rise up and down, imitating the human step. Attached sensors help control how the building moves forward.TheLagenaPrimary School, which weighs 7,600 tons, faced a new challenge — it’s T-shaped, while previously relocated structures were square or rectangular. Experts and technicians met to discuss possibilities and test a number of different technologies before deciding on the “walking machine”.Over the course of 18 days, the building was rotated 21degrees and moved 62 meters away to its new location. The old school building is set to become a center for heritage protection and cultural protection. The project marks the first time this “walking machine” method has been used inShanghaito relocate a historical building.In recent years,China’s rapid modernization has seen many historic buildingsrazedto clear land for skyscrapers and office buildings. But there has been growing concern about the architectural heritage loss as a result of destruction across the country.Shanghaihas beenChina’s most progressive city when it comes to heritage preservation. The survival of a number of 1930s buildings in the famous Bund district and 19th-century “Shikumen” houses in the repaired Xintiandi neighborhood has offered examples of how to give old buildings new life. The city also has a track record of relocating old buildings. In 2018, the city relocated a 90-year-old building in Hongkou district, which was then considered to beShanghai’s most complex relocation project to date.4. How did the primary school get moved?A. By reducing the weight of it.B. By using movable supports.C. By dividing it into several parts.D. By using robotic legs.5. What does the underlined word “razed” probably mean in Paragraph 5?A. Replaced.B. Burnt.C. Protected.D. Destroyed.6. What can we infer about the heritage preservation inChina?A. The use of advanced technology leads to growing concern.B. Shanghai is the pioneer in preserving architectural heritage.C.A number of old buildings have been given new life.D. Many historic buildings will be relocated.7. What is the passage mainly about?A. New preservation campaigns are launched inChina.B. New technology gives new life to historic buildings.C. A building inShanghai“walks” to a new location.D. “Walking machine” makes heritage protection simpler.CDogs are often called as “man's best friend”, MacKenzie, a four-pound Chihuahua（吉娃娃）, was named winner of the 2020 American Hero Dog Competition on October 19, 2020.In its tenth year in 2020 the annual contest is the brainchild of American Humane, the country's first national charitable organization founded for the safety and well-being of animals. Often called the “Oscars for dogs”, the award recognizes dogs who make extremely great contributions to society.The competition of 2020 attracted over 400 entries（参赛者）from across the country. These heroic dogs have gone above the call of duty, saving lives, comforting the ill and aged and reminding us of the powerful, age-old ties between animals and people. While all were impressive, it was tiny MacKenzie who wonthe judges' hearts.MacKenzie's growth was not easy. Born with a mouth disability, she had to be fed through a tube（管子）for the first year of her life. Despite her own struggles, she always seemed to think more of other animals in need. “Never have I seen such a will to live. Though sick, she carefully looked after the baby animals at the rescue（救助）center,” said her caretaker.A life-saving operation performed in 2014 gave MacKenzie the ability to eat independently. The seven-year-old chihuahua is now working for the Mia Foundation, an organization that rescues and nurses animals with inborn disabilities. The chihuahua does an excellent job and has raised various animals. She plays nurse,cleans, comforts and hugs them, acting as their mother and teaching them how to socialize, play and have good manners.In addition to her role as an animal caretaker, MacKenzie also visits schools to educate kids about the importance of accepting physical differences in both animals and people. Her heartwarming and inspiring story makes MacKenzie a worthy receiver ofAmerica's top dog honor.8. What can we infer about the American Hero Dog Competition?A. It was first held in 2010B. It was held to honor caretakers of dogs.C. It takes place every ten years.D. It was started by a charitable organization.9. With what quality did MacKenzie win the award?A. Talent and braveryB. Friendliness and care.C. Courage and selflessness.D. Confidence and independence.10. In which aspect can students benefit from MacKenzie's visits?A. Learning from failures.B. Understanding the disabled.C. Valuing physical health.D. Developing practical ability.11. What's the best title for the text?A. Dogs Are Man's Best Friends.B. Treat Dogs the Way We Want to Be Treated.C. Touching Stories between MacKenzie and PeopleD. 2020 American Hero Dog: A TinyChihuahua.DIn recent years,people have been focusing on the quality of food that children are fed in schools. Former First Lady Michelle Obama worked hard to make school lunches healthier, resulting in new menus that featured less fat and salt, more fruits and vegetables.But high-quality nutrients count for little when there is no time to eat them. Amy Ettinger reports, "There is no national standard on how much time kids get to eat that meal. " And with schools being occupied with test scores, teachers are using every available minute for lesson time, which often leaves kids without enough eating time.This is a problem because the length of the school lunch period is a key factor (因素) in how much nutrition children actually gel. Research has found that having less than 20 minutes for lunch results in children consuming much less of their lunch than those with more than 20 minutes.This is really terrible. For many low-income kids, that cafeteria lunch can represent half their daily energy intake. There's also another terrible message that it's acceptable to wolf down food as fast as possible beforerushing off to your next class. Cafeteria time should be a chance to interact with friends, to learn important social skills, to observe and share varieties of food. It should be a break in day, a chance to relax before heading into the afternoon.As Ettinger explains,some parents are hoping the National Parent Teacher Association will address this issue. This, in turn, would help parents push their kids' schools for better lunch time standards. Meanwhile, if you have a kid in this situation, you can help by packing a healthy lunch to spare them the cafeteria lineup. Make the foods easy to eat, provide non-messy snacks that can be eaten in class, put great effort into serving a hearty breakfast, and sit down as a family for dinner whenever possible.12. What did Michelle Obama make efforts to improve?A. The quality of school lunches.B. The performance of school kids.C. The school lunch time kids have.D. The eating habits of school kids.13. What happens to children in American schools?A. They are occupied with many tests.B. They fail to get along with each other.C. They consume more meat than before.D. They have less lunch time than before.14. How are low-income kids influenced by the problem at school?A. They can't go to classes on time.B. They can't have enough energy.C. They can't share different kinds of food.D. They can't hold a positive attitude toward life.15.What can parents do to solve the problem?A. Prepare a better lunch for their kids.B. Stop their kids going to the cafeteria.C. Force schools to make adjustments to lunch.D. Guide their kids on how to pack their own lunch.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020届郑州市第四中学高三英语一模试卷及答案解析
2020届郑州市第四中学高三英语一模试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AThese wonderful NYC attractions offer pay — what — you — wish days, free entry hours/days and other great stuff for local families.Staten IslandZooThere are plenty of creatures who call NYC home—the Staten Island Zoo is one of them. Once you’ve finished learning about the wildlife in the animal nursery, reptile (爬行动物) side rooms, horse barn and other areas of the attraction, make sure to mark your schedule for fun seasonal happenings, such as the Easter Egg Games and the scary, crazy Halloween Shows.Entry on Wednesdays is by suggested donation; children aged two and under free.Children’s Museum of the ArtsThe Children’s Museum of the Arts welcomes 135,000 little visitors each year through its doors. Once inside, the whole family can enjoy interactive programs, exhibitions (展览) and events that celebrate the changed power of the arts on youngsters and grown-ups alike.Pay-as-you-wish Thursdays, 3-6 p. m.Wave HillEveryone needs a few hours of calm now and then-kids included-and you’d be hard- pressed to find a more peaceful spot within city limits than Wave Hill the broad grounds located above the river, covering 28 acres of public gardens, plus woodlands and grasses to wander. Jump in on nature walks, story times and family art projects often led by local artists and free with general admission.Pay — as — you — wish Tuesdays and Saturdays,9 a. m — noon.New York Hall of ScienceNaturally, kids love it when the New York Hall of Science pleases them with neat exhibits and fun hands-on activities. The museum’s playground is themost attractivetochildren A tube slide (管道滑梯) will give little ones the knowledge on science topics, while the climbing area mirrors a giant spider web. There are also wind pipes, metal drums, sand- boxes and much more. What better way to make the mostout of science?Free entry Sep-Jun on Fridays, 2 — 5 p. m，and Sundays, 10 —11 a. m.1. What can children do in Staten Island Zoo?A. Feed injured animals.B. Join in seasonal activities.C. Build a home for creatures.D. Deal with the donations to the zoo.2. What do Children’s Museum of the Arts and Wave Hill have in common?A. They both have peaceful spots.B. They both are located by a river.C. They both have public gardens.D. They both have activities about arts.3. Which place can be free of charge for all?A. Wave Hill.B.Staten IslandZoo.C. New York Hall of Science.D. Children’s Museum of the Arts.BOne billion people in the world are short of water. How can this problem be solved. Some suggestions have been to desalinate ocean water or to build enormous water pipelines from areas where water is abundant. (Suggestions such as these prove extremely expensive when they are actually used.) One possibility that scientists are considering is pulling icebergs from either the North Pole or the South Pole to parts of the world with a water shortage. Although many questions must be answered before such a project could be tried, moving icebergs seems a reasonable possibility in the future.Engineers, mathematicians, and glaciologists from a dozen countries have been considering the iceberg as a future source of water. Saudi Arabia is particularly interested in this project because it has a great water shortage. Scientists estimate that it would take 128 days to transport a large iceberg (about 1/2 square mile) to Saudi Arabia. Yet the iceberg would be completely melted by the 104th day. Therefore, insulation would be essential, but how to insulate the iceberg remains an unsolved problem.The problems in transporting an iceberg are numerous. The first problem is choosing the iceberg to pull. The icebergs that form in the North Pole are quite difficult to handle because of their shape. Only a small portion extends above the water — most of the iceberg is below the surface, which would make it difficult to pull. SouthPole icebergs, on the other hand, are flat and float like table tops. Thus they would be much easier to move.How can a 200-million-ton iceberg be moved. No ship is strong enough to pull such enormous weight through the water. Perhaps several ships could be used. Attaching ropes to an iceberg this size is also an enormous problem. Engineers think that large nails or long metal rods could be driven into the ice. What would happen if the iceberg splits into several pieces during the pulling. Even if an iceberg with very few cracks were chosen, how could it be pulled through stormy waters. Furthermore, once the iceberg reached its destination, very few ports would be deep enough to store it.All of these problems must be solved before icebergs can become a reasonable source of water. Yet scientists estimate that it will be possible to transport them in the near future. Each year, enough icebergs form to supply the whole world with fresh water for a full year. In addition, icebergs are free and nonpolluting. As a solution to the world’s water problems, icebergs may be a workable possibility.4. What is a problem in transporting iceberg?A. The size of the iceberg.B. The colour of the iceberg.C. The salt in the iceberg.D. The movement of air and water.5. What is the author’ attitude towards transporting iceberg?A. Pessimistic.B. Objective.C. Optimistic.D. Unconcerned.6. What does the last paragraph mainly tell us?A. It is hard to use iceberg.B. Iceberg are a good choice.C. There are problems with iceberg.D. Man finds no other ways to solve water shortage.7. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. Shortage of water.B. Icebergs for water.C. Scientists and icebergs.D. Iceberg—scientists headache.CHave you ever thrown a camel? Camels are large and heavy animals so it would be hard to throw. But in the French-speaking Democratic Republic ofthe Congo, “to throw a camel” is a way of saying “to make a spelling mistake”.In the past, a phrase like that was not accepted by the French government as an official French term. Butrecently, the French Ministry of Culture worked on a new kind of dictionary that accepts the idea that many people outside of France speak the language. The language has changed over time and is different in places like Ivory Coast in West Africa or Quebec in Cana-da, compared to how it is in ParisA new online dictionary, called the French speakers’ dictionary, includes new French words from around the world. It was released on March 18—just in time for International French Speaker’s Day on March 20.Supporters say the new Internet dictionary is more democratic than earlier French dictionaries that only showed the way highly educated French people spoke. The new dictionary includes unofficial words like “pourriel”, which means an unwanted email if you are in Canada. It is a word based on “courriel”, which just means an email.French President Emmanuel Macron proposed the idea of the dictionary in 2018. It now contains about 600.000 terms, Roselyne Bachelot is the French Culture Minister. She said the dictionary is not just for France's 67 million citizens, but for the 300 million French speakers worldwide.The aim, supporters say, is to recognize the way language changes. Words and expressions included in the dictionary come from over 50 countries—even from the United States Some people in the southern U. S. state of Louisiana speak French.People can see the dictionary on a website or with an app. Users can also send in new words they think should be included. Official dictionaries produced by the French Academy in Paris were first published hundreds of years ago and are regularly updated.8. What do we mean if we say a man “throws a camel” in French?A. He talks big.B. He is very strong.C. He makes a joke.D. He misspells a word.9. What is the purpose of the publication date of the new online dictionary?A. To celebrate an event.B. To honor foreign users.C. To draw more attention.D. To meet an urgent need.10. Where does the word “pourriel” come from?A. French.B. An email.C. A holiday.D. Canada.11. What can people do with the new dictionary?A. Update it regularly.B. Recommend new words to it.C. Change the meaning of its words.D. Regard it as an official dictionary.DAdvertisers tend to think big and perhaps this is why they're always coming in for criticism. Their critics(批评家)seem to hate them because they have so much money to throw around. Why don’t they stop advertising and reduce the price of their goods? After all, it’s the consumer who pays.The poor old consumer! He'd have to pay a great deal more if advertising didn't create mass markets for products. It is precisely because of the heavy advertising that consumer goods are so cheap. But we get the wrong idea if we think the only purpose of advertising is to sell goods. Another equally important function is to inform. A great deal of the knowledge we have about household goods is largely from the advertisements we read. Advertisements introduce us to new products or remind us of the existence of ones we already know about. Supposing you wanted to buy a washing machine, it is more than likely you would obtain details regarding performance, price, etc., from an advertisement.Lots of people pretend that they never read advertisements, but this claim may be seriously doubted. It is hardly possible not to read advertisements these days. And what fun they often are, too! Just think what a railway station or a newspaper would be like without advertisements. Would you enjoy gazing at a blank wall or reading railway byelaws while waiting for a train? A cheerful, witty advertisement makes such a difference to a dull wall or a newspaper full of the incidents and disasters.We must not forget, either, that advertising makes a positive contribution to our pockets. The fact that we pay so little for our daily paper, or can enjoy so many broadcast programmers is due entirely to the money spent by advertisers. Just think what a newspaper would cost if we had to pay its full price!Another thing we mustn't forget is the “small ads.” What a tremendously useful service they perform for the community! Just about anything can be accomplished through these columns. For instance, you can find a job, buy or sell a house, announce a birth, marriage or death in what used to be called the “hatch, match and dispatch” column(栏目) but by far the most fascinating section is the personal or “agony” column. No other item in a newspaper provides such entertaining reading or offers such a deep insight into human nature. It's the best advertisement for advertising there is!12. What is the main idea of this passage?A. Advertisements steal money from our pocketsB. The critics get the wrong idea of advertisements.C. Advertisers perform a useful service to communities.D. Advertisements are everywhere.13. What is the attitude of the author toward advertisements?A. He appreciates the role of advertisements.B. He doubts the effect of advertisements.C. He believes what is said in advertisements.D. He complains too many advertisements in daily life.14. Which of the following is Not True?A. The personal or “agony” column makes us know more about human nature.B. The only purpose of advertising is to sell goods.C. A newspaper will cost us more if there is no advertisement on it.D. Advertisement makes our life color1 ful.15. Whicof the following shows the structure of the passage?( ①=" Paragraph" 1, ②=" paragraph" 2, ③=" paragraph" 3, ④=" paragraph" 4 ⑤=" paragraph" 5)A B.C. D.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020年郑州市高三第一次质量检测英语试题
2020年郑州市高三第一次质量检测英语试题听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。
录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1、5分，满分7、5分）听下面五段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
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1、Whats Mark doing when the call comes in?A、 Leaving his office、B、 Talking with a secretary、B、 Making a long distance call、2、 What does the man advise the woman to do?A、 Talk to her friend、B、 Just get the money back、C、 Keep a friendship with her friend、、3、 Why is the woman having a hard time?A、 Her children eat a lot、B、 Food costs more、C、 She has to feed her children、4、 What will the man do this weekend?A、 Go to visit Mary、B、 Go for a picnic、C、 Work in his garden、5、 What did the woman expect to do?A、 Take charge of sales、B、 Change to another department、C、 Become the new manager、第二节（共15小题；每小题1、5分，满分22、5分）听下面5段对话或独白。
2020届郑州市第一中学高三英语一模试题及参考答案
2020届郑州市第一中学高三英语一模试题及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AGet up to 19% off the cover pricePlus, get digital access with your paid print subscription●Up-to-date news that touches your lifeFrom money-saving tips and quick reports on the latest healthcare, to inspiring articles on world events, you'll discover hundreds of ideas for living a richer, more satisfying life.●Read it anytime, anywhereGet a l-year-print subscription ofReader's Digestmagazine today and you'll also get free digital instantly. With digital access, you can read the latest issue ofReader's Digestanytime, anywhere! Plus, you can quickly access your past issues online, too.●Continuous renewal serviceYour subscription will automatically renew at the end of each term until you cancel. You authorize us to charge you credit/debit cardat the discounted rate on the renewal service unless you cancel. You may cancel at anytime by visiting Customer Care and receive a refund on all unmailed issues.●Other informationThe cover price ofReader's Digestis $3.99 per issue and it is currently published 10 times annually. Please check the confirmation page and your mailbox to download detailed instructions.1. What is the annual fee for subscription?A. $32. 3.B. $39. 9.C. $40.D. $47. 9.2. Which of the following words best describes the content inReader's Digest?A. Touching and amusing.B. Inspiring and practical.C. Amazing and entertaining.D. Educational and theoretical.3. If you subscribe toReader’s Digest, you can ________.A. have as many issues as possible every yearB. renew your subscription at the original rateC. get back your money for the issues not mailedD. obtain all the past issues online anytime, anywhereBIs renting clothes greener than buying them? Sustainable (可持续的) fashion expert Elizabeth Cline isn’t sure. Clothing renting is a hot new industry and businessmen are trying to attract shoppers who care about the environment. Last summer alone,Urban Outfitters, Macy’s, Bloomingdale’s American EagleandBanana Republicall announced renting services – a sure sign of changing times.But is renting fashion actually more environmentally-friendly than buying it? And if so, how much more? Journalist and author Elizabeth Cline researched this question in a feature article for Elle, and she concluded that it’s not as sustainable as it seems.Take shipping for example, which has to go two ways if an item is rented – receiving and returning. Cline writes that consumer transportation has the second largest carbon footprint of our collective fashion habit after manufacturing.Then there’s the burden of washing, which has to happen for every item when it’s returned, regardless of whether or not it was worn. For most renting services, this usually means dry-cleaning, which is a polluting process. All the renting services that Cline looked into have replaced perchloroethylene, a carcinogenic (致癌的) air pollutants that’s still used by 70 percent of US dry cleaners, with hydrocarbon (碳氢化合物) alternatives, although these aren’t great either. They can produce harmful waste and air pollution if not handled correctly.Lastly, Cline fears that renting services will increase our appetite for fast fashion, simply because it’s so easily accessible. There’s something called “share-washing” that makes people have more wasteful behaviors because a product or service is shared and thus is considered more eco-friendly. Uber is one example of this: advertised as a way to share rides and reduce car ownership, and yet it has been proven to discourage walking, bicycling and public transportation use.Renting clothes is still preferable to buying them cheap and throwing them into the bin after wearing them a few times, but we shouldn’t let the availability of these services make us self-satisfied. There’s an even better step – and that’s wearing what we already have.4. What do we know about Elizabeth Cline from the passage?A. She is trying to attract shoppers.B. She is an expert and journalist.C. She has created “share-washing”.D. She never rents clothes.5. Why does renting services increase people’s appetite for fast fashion?A. Because it is handled correctly.B. Because it is transported easily.C. Because it is fairly eco-friendly.D. Because it is easily accessible.6. What can we infer from the passage?A. Clothing renting became popular ten years ago.B. Consumer transportation has the largest carbon footprint.C. Renting clothes deserves further consideration.D. Uber is a good example of sharing rides.7. Which section of a newspaper does the text probably come from?A. Environment.B. Technology.C. Travel.D. Medicine.CGuangzhououtbreak linked to strains inIndiaThe gene sequencing of the COVID-19 outbreak inGuangzhou.Guangdongprovince, indicates it is very similar in structure to the mutatedstrains detected inIndia, a senior health official from the city said on Sunday.“And it has the characteristic of quick spread.” Chen Bin, deputy director of the city's health commission, said at a news conference inGuangzhouon Sunday.She urged relevant departments and medical staff to act quickly to block the chain of infection and control the spread of the coronavirus in the southern metropolis.Zhang Zhoubin, deputy director of theGuangzhoucenter for disease control and prevention, said the strain of coronavirus spreads easily.“The virus can be spread through a meal or through a short period of indirect contact,” he said.The city reported five confirmed eases and 21 asymptomatic carriers as of 2 pm Sunday after the first con finned case was detected in the city's Liwan district on May 21, Chen said.To prevent the virus from spreading, the city government tightened its disease control and prevention measures over the weekend. Six communities and housing estates previously designated as low-risk areas were raised to medium-risk ones, Chen said.In addition to asking local residents to get vaccinated, the city has organized nucleic acid testing in Haizhu and Yuexiu districts starting from Sunday. Residents in specific areas of Tianhe, Baiyun and Panyu districts have also been required to take nucleic acid tests to expand the screening of suspected patients and asymptomatic carriers.Liwan previously required all its residents to take nucleic acid tests.As of Saturday, more than 2-25 million residents of the city have had samples collected for nucleic acid tests,Chen said. More than 10,000 medical workers from the entire city have been sent to Liwan to help vaccinate locals against COVID-19 and collect samples for nucleic acid testing.Deng Wenjun, director of circulation section with Guangzhou Supply and Marketing Cooperative, said there are sufficient supplies of food and daily necessities in the medium-risk areas.8. What is the characteristic of the COVID-19 which broke out inGuangzhou?A. It disappears quickly.B. It spreads fast.C. It has a lot to do with temperature.D. It has the same nature as the seasonal flu.9. Which district have residents who have not been required to take nucleic acid tests?A. Tianhe.B. Haizhu.C. Panyu.D. Zengcheng.10. Which of the following statements is TRUE?A. The virus can hardly be spread through a short period of indirect contact.B. There are 21 symptomatic carriers in the Liwan district as of 2 pm Sunday.C. All the people living in Liwan district arc previously asked to take nucleic acid tests.D. Supplies of food and daily necessities in the medium-risk areas arc still not enough.11. Where can you probably find this article?A. On a news website.B. In a fashion magazine.C. In a history book.D. In a travel journal.DA team of engineers atHarvardUniversity in trying to create the first robotic fly. Designed to do what a fly does naturally, the tiny is the size of a fat housefly. Its mini wings allow it to stay in the air and perform controlled flight tasks."The added difficulty with a project like this is that actually none of its components is off the shelf and so we have to develop them all on our own’ said Robert Wood, a Harvard engineering professor.They engineered a series of systems to start and drive the robotic fly. “The seemingly simple system which just moves the wings hasa number of interdependencies (相互依赖）on the individual components, each of which individually has to perform well, but then has to be matched well to everything it d connected to,” said Wood.While this first robotic flyer is linked to a small, off-board power source, the goal is eventually to equip it with a built-in power source, so that it might someday perform data-gathering work at rescue sites，in farmers’ fields or on the battlefield. "Basically it should be able to take off, land and fly around，” he said.Wood says the design offers a new way to study flight mechanics and control at insect-scale. Yet, the power,sensing and computation technologies on board could have much broader applications.“You can start thinking about using them to answer open scientific questions, you know, to study biology in ways that would be difficult with the animal，but using these robots instead” he said. "So there are a lot of technologies and open interesting scientific questions that are really what drives us on a day-to-day basis.”12. What is the typical characteristic of the robotic fly?A. It's automatic.B.It's very small.C. It's controllable.D. It's quite powerful.13. We can infer from the passage that the robotic flyer can____ .A. act as a spy planeB. help do farm workC.fly at a very high speedD. answer many scientific questions14. What is Wood's idea about the robotic fly according to the last paragraph?A. It is highly questionable.B. It has wide practical applications.C. It gives scientists interest in flying machines.D. It points to a new direction in studying biology.15. What can be the best title for the passage?A. Harvand's Study in the Field of Insects.B. A Breakthrough in Engineering ScienceC. An Interesting Invention一Robotic FlyD. Robotic Fly一a Copy of Real Life Insect第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020届郑州市外国语中学高三英语一模试卷及答案解析
2020届郑州市外国语中学高三英语一模试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AIf you had the opportunity to live forever, would you take it? Keeping your body alive indefinitely still seems like an impossibility, but some scientists think that digital technology may have the answer: creating a digital copy of your “self” and keeping it “alive” online long after your physical body has ceased to function.In effect, the proposal is to clone a person electronically. Unlike the familiar physical clones — children that have identical features as their parents, but that are completely separate organisms with a separate life — your electronic clone would believe itself to be you. How might this be possible? The first step would be to mapthe brain.How? One plan relies on the development of nanotechnology (纳米技术). Ray Kurzweil — one of the kings of artificial intelligence — predicts that within two or three decades we will have nano transmitters that can be put into the bloodstream. Inthe capillaries (毛细血管) of the brain, they would line up alongside the neurons and detect the details of the cerebral (大脑的) electronic activity. They would be able to send that information to a receiver inside a special helmet, so there would be no need for any wires sticking out of the head.As a further step, Ray Kurzweil also imagines the nano transmitters being able to connect you to a world of virtual reality on the Internet, similar to what was shown in the film “Matrix”. With the nano transmitters in place, by thought alone, you could log on to the Internet and instead of the pictures coming up on your screen, they would play inside your mind. Rather than send your friends e-mails you would agree to meet up on some virtual tropical beach.Some peoplebelieve that they can enjoy life after death. But why wait for that when you could have a shot of nanobots (纳米机器人) and upload your brain onto the Internet and live forever as a virtual surfer?One snag: to exist on the net you will have to have your neural network parked on the computer of a web-hosting company. These companies want real money in real bank accounts every year or they will wipe your bit of the hard disc and sell the space to someone else. With your body six feet underground how will you pay?1. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A. Nano transmitters can help map the human brain.B. Electronic clones recreate the original human body.C. Electronic clones may put their physical selves into movies.D. Nano transmitters use a helmet to detect the cerebral activities.2. What is the author’s attitude towards electronic clones?A. Optimistic and careful.B. Interested and unconvinced.C. Excited and confused.D. Assured and critical.3. The author asks “how will you pay?” at the end of the article, because ________.A. you can’t pay to exist on the Internet if you are physically deadB. you can’t pay for hard disc space if you don’t have a bank accountC. you can’t pay for a special service if too many people want to use itD.you can’t pay the web-hosting company if you don’t have a neural networkBAlthough computer technology is often necessary today, using a pen or pencil activates more areas of your brain than a keyboard does. You can potentially remember more by handwriting, according to a new study.The potential benefits of handwriting for memory have been debated for some time. The new study set out to answer one question: How does handwriting compare to using a keyboard when it comes to remembering new information?In all,24 participants took part. Researchers asked each of them to write with a pen and then each was also asked to type on a keyboard. While performing these tasks, each volunteer wore a cap that held electrodes next to their head. It looked somewhat like a hair net fitted with 256 sensors. Those sensors recorded the participants' brainwaves. The electrodes noted which parts of the brain turned on during each task. And they showed that writing turned on memory areas in the brain while typing didn't.Audrey van der Meer, the new study's leader, says this suggests that when we write by hand, we remember better. “This is because writing involves complex movements that activate more areas of the brain. The increased brain activity gives the brain more ‘hooks’ to hang your memories on,” she explains. Van der Meer also points out that writing by hand is related to visual notetaking. “Rather than typing blindly, the visual notetaker has to think about what is important to write down. Then, key words can be interlinked by boxes, arrows and small drawings,” she adds.This study does not recommend banning digital devices. In fact, its authors point out, computers and other devices with keyboards have become necessary in modern society. Keyboarding can especially benefit those with certain special needs (such as if they have trouble using their hands) and typing beats writing when it comes tospeed, they add.4. Why were participants asked to wear caps in the study?A. To record their brainwavesB. To inform them of their tasksC. To allow them to focus on writingD. To protect their heads like hair nets5. What does Audrey van der Meer try to explain?A. Why handwriting is more complex than typingB. Why the brain works when it comes to learningC. Why handwriting helps remember informationD. Why key words are helpful to visual notetaking6. What is the study's authors' view on typing?A. It relieves people's handsB. It remains vital and helpfulC. It is not worth recommendingD. It is more challenging than writing7. Which of the following can be a suitable title for the text?A. How Can You Remember New Information?B. Handwriting Benefits Health in the LongRunC. Should Typing Take the Place of Handwriting?D. Handwriting Is Better for Memory Than TypingCThe idea of low material desire, low consumption and refusing to work, marry and have children, concluded as a “lying down” lifestyle, recentlystruck a chord withmany young Chinese who are eager to take pause to breathe in this fast-paced and highly-competitive society.Many millennials (千禧一代) and generation Zs complained to the Global Times that burdens, including work stress, family disputes (纷争) and financial strains, have pushed them “against the wall”. They said they hate the “involution (内卷),” joking that they would rather give up some of what they have than get trapped in an endless competition against peers.“Instead of always following the ‘virtues’ of struggle, endure and sacrifice to bear the stresses, they prefer a temporary lying down as catharsis (宣泄) and adjustment,” said a scholar. “It is no wonder that some young people, under the growing pressures from child-raising to paying the mortgage (按揭) today, would try to live in a simple way and leave the worries behind.”Interestingly, the majority of millennials and Gen Zs reached by the Global Times, who claim to be big fans of the lying down philosophy, acknowledged that they only accept a temporary lying down as a short rest. It is true that with the great improvement of living conditions, some Chinese youth have partially lost the spirit of hardshipand are not willing to bear too much hard work. But in fact, lying down is not entirely comfortable. Young people who lie down always feel guilty about their constant loss of morale (士气) far beyond their reach.“Young people on campus have both aspirations and confusion about their future, but most of us have rejected setting ourselves up in chains to waste opportunities and challenges,” a postgraduate student told the Global Times. “It’s no use running away. I have to ‘stand up’ and face the reality sooner or later.”8. What does the underlined phrase in paragraph 1 mean?A. Warned.B. Criticized.C. Touched.D. Amused.9. What might have caused the “lying down” lifestyle among the young?A. Improvements in living conditions.B. Growing pressure from family and social life.C. Increasing material possessions from families.D. Temporary adjustment to failure in competitions.10. What’s the scholar’s attitude toward the “lying down” group?A. Understanding.B. Intolerant.C.Supportive.D. Unclear.11. What can be inferred about the young generation from the text?A. They never really drop their responsibilities.B. They really enjoy the “lying down” lifestyle.C. They find their dreams far beyond their reach.D. They would rather escape than take challenges.DNew research has shown that loneliness may affect ants to a greater extent than many other living creatures.It has long been known that loneliness can lead to a shorter life. In humans, it has even been found to be a driver of high blood pressure, sleep disorder, and depression that’s independent of factors like age, race, gender, weight and economic status.However, loneliness has never been identified as a factor that can cut human lifespan by more than a small part of the average. Ants, on the other hand, appear to be far more sensitive to this stress, with loneliness leading to a surprising 91 percent reduction in lifespan.That’s at least according to a study that details how “lonely” ants only live up to six days on average. Ants living ina community, on the other hand, were found to live up to about 66 days.In a series of experiments where ants were picked from their colonies (群体) and separated, they were found to continuously walk without rest,consuming far more energy than they could ever.The reason for the behavior is that an isolated ant is simple trying to get back to its colony at all costs, and doesn’t know what to do without its nest mates. After all, many entomologists (昆虫学家) would argue that an ant colony is far more a single living entity (实体) than its members.If you were to take a single part from a clock, it would simply move aimlessly as well, running without a purpose. However, while there is a difference between aimlessness and loneliness, the researchers found that the latter affects lonely ants more directly.The study indicated that ants can’t even eat alone, as they normally collect some of the food they gather in the field in a specialized organ called a crop.This crop is normally shared with other ants back at a nest,but as for a single ant, it simply just sits there, undigested and useless.12. How does loneliness influence a person?A. It can make him very tired of himself.B. It can leave him in conflict with others.C. It can lead to him being very independent.D. It can cause him to suffer from poor health13. What can be learned from the experiments?A. Most ants can live about 6 days on average.B. Lonely ants can become very restless.C. Human beings are similar to ants in some way.D. Lonely ants seem to be violent and impatient.14. Why does an isolated ant walk non-stop?A. It attempts to return to its colony.B. It wants to attract other ants to form a colony.C. It hopes to make signals to its mates.D. It has to find more food to survive.15. The author mentioned a clock in the passage_________.A. to show ants have a biological clock in the head.B. to prove ants are a well-regulated community.C. to stress ants are really highly social animals.D. to compare aimlessness with loneliness.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020年郑州市第一零一中学高三英语一模试卷及答案解析
2020年郑州市第一零一中学高三英语一模试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AIf you are planning to visit the historic capital city of Scotland, Edinburgh, a travel destination that people crowd to from around the world, and want to attend one Festival while you are there, keep on reading to discover more information.AKA. Imaginate Festival When: 22 May – 2 June 2021Where: Traverse Theater, Assembly RoxyA festival where kids take overEdinburgh. With a whole range of free pop-up performances, take your kids to see some of the most inspiring theatre and dance from a whole range of talented performers.EdinburghInternational Film Festival When: 19 June – 29 June 2021Where: Film House, Festival TheaterOriginally the very best in international film, it was established in 1947. The dynamic programme features everything from documentaries to shorts, along with a range of experimental cinema, in an attractive setting with a spray of red carpet charm.EdinburghArt Festival When: 25 July – 25 August 2021Where: City ArtCenter, The Scottish GalleryWith over 40 exhibitions to attend, the Edinburgh Art Festival is theUK’s largest visual arts event where you can see everything from historical works to contemporary masterpieces.The RoyalEdinburghMilitary Tattoo When: 2 – 24 August 2021Where:EdinburghCastleWith a different theme every year, over 200,000 visitors crowd toEdinburghto see the military bands and the symbolic piper set against the backdrop ofEdinburghCastle.1. Who is the AKA. Imaginate Festival intended for?A. Children.B. Talented performers.C. Parents.D. Dancers.2. What’s special about Edinburgh Art Festival?A. It includes all forms of arts.B. It is about great works in history.C. It is the largest festival in the world.D. It lasts for the longest time.3. Which Festival offers performances by soldiers?A. Edinburgh Art FestivalB. AKA. Imaginate FestivalC. The RoyalEdinburghMilitary TattooD.EdinburghInternational Film FestivalBMany of us in China enjoy adding chilies (辣椒) toour food, but did you know that this spicy vegetable could also be dangerous? A 34-year-oldUSman recently ended up in hospital after eating a Carolina Reaper—the spiciest chili in the world. After taking just a single bite of one, the man suffered from serious headaches in the following few days, reported BBC News.In fact, reports of stomachache and headache caused by eating spicy food are not something unusual. But if chilies are harmful, why is it that human beings are the only animals to eat this vegetable? According to the website Huanqiu, about 600 million Chinese people—almost half of the national population—are chili eaters. So what makes people love chilies so much? The human body reacts to the burning feeling that comes from eating chilies by releasing natural chemicals that “produce a sense of happiness” , noted BBC News.And the benefits go even further than just personal enjoyment. A survey conducted by the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences found that the death rate of those who eat spicy food once or twice a week is 10 percent lower than those who eat it less than once a week. The number decreased to 14 percent for those who eat spicy food six to seven times a week. And another study done by theUniversityofVermontcame to a similar conclusion. “The data encourages people to eat more spicy food to improve health and reduce death risk at an early age,” Liu Qi, a nutritionist at the Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, told BBC News.Chilies have anti-cancer quality and the ability to increase our metabolism (新陈代谢). So, don't worry if you love spicy food. It seems that chilies are actually good for us—except for the Carolina Reaper, perhaps.4. The example of a 34-year-old American is mentioned in Paragraph 1 to prove ________.A. chiliescan be beneficialB. chilies are popular inAmericaC. chilies can be dangerousD. serious headaches can be dangerous5. Eating chilies gives people a sense of happiness by_______.A. decreasing death rateB. releasing natural chemicalsC. curing serious headachesD. providing enough nutrition6. Which of the following statement is TRUE?A. Human are the only animals to eat chilies.B. Stomachache and headaches caused by chilies is something unusual.C. The more chilies you eat, the healthier you are.D. Chilies have anti-cancer quality but it can't increase our metabolism.7. The writer wrote the passage to ________.A. warn people of the dangers of chiliesB. ask people to eat Carolina ReaperC. encourage people to eat more chiliesD. tell people the benefits of chiliesCNASA has flown an aircraft on another planet for the first time. On Monday, April 19, Ingenuity, a 1. 8-kilogram drone (无人机) helicopter, took off from the surface of Mars, flew up about threemeters, then hovered for 40 seconds and took photos above with one of its two cameras. The historic moment was livestreamed on YouTube. “We can now say that human beings have flown a drone helicopter on another planet,” said MiMi Aung, the Ingenuity Mars Helicopter project manager at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, at a press conference. “We, together, flew at Mars, and we, together, now have our Wright brothers moment,” she added, referring to the first powered airplane flight on Earth in 1903.The details: The flight was a significant technical challenge, thanks to Mars' s bone-chilling temperatures (nights can drop down to -130 °F / -90 °C) and its incredibly thin atmosphere — just 1% the density of Earth' s. That meant Ingenuity had to be light, with rotor blades (螺旋桨) that were bigger and faster than would be needed to achieve liftoff on Earth (although the gravity on Mars, which is only about one-third of Earth's, worked in its favor). The flight had originally been scheduled to take place on April 11 but was delayed by software issues.Why it's significant: Beyond being a significantmilestonefor Mars exploration, the flight will also pave the way for engineers to think about new ways to explore other planets. Future drone helicopters could help astronauts by scoping out locations, exploring inaccessible areas, and capturing images. Ingenuity will also help inform the design of Dragonfly, a car-size drone that NASA is planning to send to Saturn's moon Titan in 2027.What's next: In the next few weeks, Ingenuity will conduct four more flights, each lasting up to 90 seconds. Each one is designed to further push the limits of Ingenuity's capabilities. Ingenuity is only designed to last for 30 Martian days, and is expected to stop functioning aroundMay 4. Its final resting place will be in the Jezero Crater as NASA moves on to the main focus of its mission: Getting the Perseverance rover (毅力号火星探测器) to study Mars for evidence of life.8. Why does MiMi Aung mention Wright brothers?A. To honor the historic contribution of Wright brothers.B. To make a comparison between Wright brothers and herself.C. To highlight the importance of Ingenuity's Martian exploration.D. To remind the public of the first powered airplane flight on Earth.9. What caused challenges for Ingenuity designers?A. The delay of software tests.B. The force of gravity on Mars.C. Mars's temperatures and atmosphere.D. Technical difficulty in liftoff on Earth.10. What does the underlined word “milestone” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?A. A great victory.B. A difficult task.C. A roadside stone.D. A historic event.11. Which of the following can be a suitable title for the text?A. Mars Drone Helicopter Makes Historic First FlightB. Modern Wright Brothers Moment: Mars ExplorationC. First Drone Helicopter Spots Evidence of Life on MarsD. Ingenuity: Mars Drone Flies to Take Incredible PicturesDWith their tiny brains and excellent ability to memorize nectar locations, honeybees are a favorite model organism for studying learning and memory. Such research has indicated that to form long-term memories—ones that last a day or more—the insects need to repeat a training experience at least three times. By contrast, short-and mid-term memories that last seconds to minutes and minutes to hours, respectively, need only a single learning experience.Exceptions to this rule have been observed, however. For example, in some studies, bees formed long-lasting memories after a single learning event. Such results are often regarded as circumstantial anomalies, says Martin Giurfa of the University of Toulouse. But the anomalous findings, together with research showing that fruit flies and ants can form long-term memories after single experiences, aroused Giurfa’s curiosity. Was it possible thathoneybees could reliably do the same? Giurfa reasoned that the ability to form long-term memories might depend on the particular type of bee and the experience. Within a honeybee colony, there are nurses, who clean the hive and feed the young; guards, who patrol and protect the hive; and foragers, who search for nectar.While previous studies have tested bees as a whole, Ciurfa and his colleagues focused on foragers, tasking them with remembering an experience relevant to their role: an odor associated with a sugary reward.The researchers observed that a single exposure to a reward-paired odor was enough for most forager bees to remember that specific odor the following day. Many foragers could even remember the odor three day later.The results do not mean that all prior research was wrong, says André Fiala of the University of Göttingen. “People have done the experiments in a different way.” Still, the new results do show that “the commonly held belief that one needs multiple training trials to achieve long-term memory is not always true,” he says, and this “really advances the field.”12. What does the author want to tell us through Paragraph 1?A. A model for memory research.B. The classification of memories.C. New research on learning and memory.D. Previous findings on memory formation.13. Which factor might influence a bee’s memory of an experience, according to Giurfa’s research?A. Whether the bee's role is related.B. Whether the bee is introduced or native.C. How often the bee repeats the experience.D. How long the bee is exposed to the reward.14. What is Andre Fiala’s attitude towards the new results?A. Doubtful.B. Favorable.C. Intolerant.D. Unclear.15. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?A. Learning and Memory: How Honeybees RememberB. Honeybee Memory: Honeybee Knows What to DoC. Honeybees Remember after Just One LessonD. Honeybees Use Memory for Communication第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020届河南省郑州市高考英语一模试卷含答案
高考英语全真模拟卷一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共30.0分）AA month ago, I broke a nail. My other nails looked amazing, but now one was a mess. Clearly, there was no point in keeping the others, so I took out the nail scissors to cut them all off．"What are you doing, Mom?" my daughter cried, "your nails look great! Don't cut them!""But they're ruined," I said, waving the broken one in her face．"They're not ruined," she said．"You still have nine nails left!"I hesitated, with the scissors still in my hand．My nails certainly weren't perfect anymore, and the opposite of "perfect" is "ruined", right? I mean, this is how I think about most things: it's all or nothing．Take my finances for example．I can spend weeks being sensible and buying only essential items, such as food for my family. And then one day, I'll see something expensive that I really like and buy it. Then, I think to myself, "well, I already spent 100 dollars on that dress last week, so I may as well spend 50 dollars on this lipstick (口红)" and give up saving entirely, I've thought about why I act this way, but I don't know what causes this behavior. I seem to go from "good" to "complete disaster" in a matter of moments. My brain only sees "perfect" or "disaster", which is extremely unhelpful.We humans are never just good or bad—we are far more complex. We have wins and we have losses and, occasionally, they are hard to tell apart. Some people understand this instinctively (本能地), while others struggle．For most of us, learning not to do the thing we're used to requires effort and discomfort. However, we should remind ourselves that we sometimes make mistakes, and that this doesn't mean we've failed．We need to accept that things will sometimes go wrong．Indeed, failure is part of life．We all fall occasionally, and we normally get straight back up. And so, with my daughter's words ringing in my ears, I decided to keep my nine nice nails. I feel annoyed every time I look at my hands, but I'm determined to live with my choice．It's a perfect exercise in imperfection. Maybe soon, I'll switch off my computer the next time I feel like I might buy something else I don't need, although I may need my daughter there to guide me again.1.Why did the author want to cut off her nails?A. She got all of them ruined．B. She didn't like long nails at all.C. She didn't want to have imperfect nails.D. She wanted to prevent them being broken.2.what is the author's problem with her life?A. She is rather crazy about shopping．B. She looks at life in an extreme way.C. She is too careful with her finances.D. She is unwilling to change her mind．3.What does the author think of failure?A. It is just a normal part of life．B. It can help people to be stronger.C. It can completely destroy our life．D. It is something we need to overcome．BMy son Sam is 16 and autistic（自闭症）．There's a lot of going on in that beautiful and brilliant mind of his，but even on a good day he can be easily at a loss．Throw in some diagnosed anxiety，an inability to read social cues（信号）and an unexpected change to his daily routine，and you have the way to deal with a very public meltdown（崩溃）．It was Sam's very first day at high school．We'd set up a plan for how he'd get home：I'd pick him up outside the shop near his school at 3：30 pm and I believed this was a perfect plan．Unknown to me，very bad weather was on its way and I was unable to warm him to take a shelter．With the combination of his dead phone battery and my dead car battery，I was running late and unable to communicate that to him．As a result，he was left alone and extremely frightened．He became very upset outside the shop，exactly where I'd told him to wait．This was when a beautiful older Vietnamese lady not only went to CHECK ON him，but took him inside her shop，calmed him down，got my phone number form him and called me．Five years later he continued to go into her shop every afternoon，bought a drink，had a chat and she sent him home with enough bread and rolls to feed a small nation．Sam will graduate this year，and I'm increasingly feeling the need to drop by the shop to let this wonderful lady know that she has saved Sam，and that she has saved me．I'm not sure if I can communicate all of this，but at least I will get to thank her．There are people I will not get to thank，though-the many kind strangers who have been there for Sam．And believe me，if you're wondering if this world is a complete mess right now ，I'm here to say that is not．So I guess this is a love letter to those of you who have helped a stranger out of the goodness of your heart．Pleased know hyou are appreciated，that your beautiful heart and kindness are appreciated ，and that ，perhaps unknowingly，you have make a great difference in someone's life．4.What can we learn about Sam from the first paragraph？______A. He is rather slow with his studiesB. He can deal with sudden changes wellC. He has difficulty in dealing with thingsD. He tries hard to learn how to read social cues5.The underlined part "check on "in paragraph 4 probably means" ______ "A. discoverB. visitC. recognizeD. examine6.What happened to Sam after his first day at high school？______A. He could get on well with his classmatesB. He made good friends with the nice ladyC. He brought the lady some food to thank herD. he became willing to communicate with others．7.What is the author's purpose in writing the passage？______A. To express her thanks to kind peopleB. To remind us all to help autistic peopleC. To show how difficult life is for autistic peopleD. To tell us how to make a difference in other's lives．CIf you've ever had a dog，you know just how deep a connection you can develop with "man's best friend"．But a dog's life is much shorter than humans，about 12to 15years long，which means every dog owner has to go through the heartbreaking moment when their loving their loving pet passes away．Why not make a clone of that dog then？This is the solution offered by a South Korea company，Sooam Biotech Research Foundation．The company has already successfully cloned at least 400 dogs，mostly for US customers，ever s9ince it pioneered the technique in 2005．Now ，sooam Biotech has introduced its business to UK dog owners as well，offering them dogs that look just like their lost ones．To clone a dog，researchers first need to take a skin cell from a living dog or one that has just died．Meanwhile，another dog is selected to supply an egg．Researchers then replace the DNA in the egg with that from skin cell and implant the egg into the womb（子宫）of a female dog．The egg grows into a puppy over the following two months．The whole process takes less than a day，but it comes at a shockingly high price -around 63000 dollars．But if you can't afford it now，you can also save the cell in a laboratory and access it at a later date．However，magical as cloning might sound，there is no guarantee that the cloned dog will be a perfect copy of the original one．Just like identical twins of human，they share the exactly same DNA but there will still be small differences between them．"the spots on a Dalmatian （斑点狗）clone will be different，for example，" Insung Hwang，head of Sooam Biotech，told The Guardian．Dog owners will also have to accept the fact that personality is not "clneable"．Apart from genes，personality is also determined by upbringing and environment，which are both ranoom elements that cloning technologies simply cannot overcome，Professor Tom Kirkwood at Newcastle University，UK，told The Telegraph．Perhaps bringing our dogs back by cloning is not the best way to remember them after all．Kirkwood，a dog owner himself，pointed out，"An important aspect of our relationship with them is coming to terms with the pain of letting go．8.What service does Sooam Biotech Researcher Foundation offer？______A. Making copies of pet dogs．B. Giving pet dogs identical twinsC. Helping dogs give birth to more puppiesD. Helping dog owners love their dogs more9.Which order is correct in the dog cloning process？______a．An egg is taken from another dogb．a skin cell is taken from the pet dogc．The egg grows into a puppy in two monthsd．The egg is placed in the womb of a female doge．The DNA in the egg is replaced by the DNA from the skin cell．A. a-d-b-e-cB. a-e-b-d-cC. b-a-d-e-cD. b-a-c-d-c10.What can we learn about dog clonign from the passage？______A. it has not been put into practice until recentlyB. it is very popular among US and UK pet ownerC. it might not give the owners an exactly same dog．D. it is very expensive and usually takes half a year to complete．11.What does Kirkwood think of dog cloning？______A. He disagrees with itB. He supports itC. He is courious about itD. He thinks it unbelievableDAre you a procrastinator（拖拉者）？It's a common problem．And it can be harmful，as previous research has shown that people who procrastinate have higher levels of stress and lower well-being，reported the Asoociation for psychological Science in the US．But a new study has found a way to deal with problem：Be more connected to your future self．Psychologists think that each person believe that they are really two people："Present Me" and "Future Me"．"people act as if they perfer their current selves' needs and desires to those of their future selves，" wrote pyschologists Neil Lewis and Daphna Oyserman．Oyserman and Lewis decided to try to find a way to make "Present Me"imagine exactly how "Future Me" would feel the night before a big paper was due，though "Present Me" hadn't started yet．They made "Present Me" think about a far-off event as a number of days away，not months or years．Thinking about events in this way meant that something like a friend's wedding seemed 16.3 days sooner when considered in days rather than months and 11.4 months sooner when considered in months rather than years．The researchers also tried to find out whether people would take action sooner if they were told a certain event was happening in X days rather than years．For example ，participants imagined they had a newborn child，and that the child would need to go to college in either 18 years or 6570 days．The researchers found those in the "days"condition planned to start saving four times sooner than those in the"years" condition．So if you think of your life in days instead of years，you may get things done quicker．12.What did Oyserman and Lewis intend to do through their study？______A. To work on a solution to test if someone is a procrastinator．B. To find out whether human beings usually have two different charactersC. To discover procrastinators are more likely to have a lower sense of well-beingD. To prove it's helpful to connect our current selves more with future selves．13.The underlined part "this way"in paragraph 4 refers to " ______ "A. setting up tough deadlinesB. following schedules strictlyC. counting in smaller units of timeD. imagining how your future self will feel14.What helps prevent people from procrastinating？______A. Comparing their future selves with present selvesB. Considering their current selves' nees and desires．C. Thinking about far-off events in days rather than yearsD. Marking important events on a calendar as a reminder15.What does the passage mainly talk about？______A. A way to get things done in time．B. The harmful effects of procrastinatingC. The reason to overlook future needs and desiresD. The way to reduce stress and improve happiness二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共10.0分）If you're a gamer who's constantly glued to your phone，it could be time to ask for medical help．On June 18，2018，the World Health Organization（WHO）officially listed "gaining disorder" as a mental health condition (1) ．"Video gaming is like a non-financial kind of gambiling （赌博）from a psychological poingt of view，" Mark Griffiths，a professor from Nottingham Trent University in the UK，told the Associated Press（AP）．" Gamblers use money as a way of keeping score，while gamers use points．"(2) ．"people need to understand this doesn't mean every child who spends hours in their room playing games is an addict，otherwise doctors are going to be flooded with requests for help，"Joan Harvey，a spokeswoman for the British Paychological Society，told AP．(3) For example，a 21-year -old Chinese woman surnamed Wu in Guangdong rovince went blind in one eye after playing the mobile game King of Glory for a whole day．On days when I have no work，I usually get up at 6am，eat breakfast and play until 4 pm，"she told the South China Morning Post．Then I'll eat something，have a nap（小睡）and play until 1 am．" Wu isn't alone．According to a study published by China Youth Daily，about one in five young Chinese peope play online video games for at least four to five hours perday．(4) In April，the Ministry of Education issued a notice asking Chinese schools and parents to prevent students from becoming addicted to the Internet and game．Other countries have also taken action．(5) Meanwhile，in Japan，some mobile phones have a special mode for children that lets their parents control what games they can download and how long they can play．A．This means it's now on the same list as other mental illnessesB．Thankfully，meansures have been taken to deal with the problem．C．We often see people around us playing games on their mobile phonesD．In South Korea，children are forbidden to play video games after midnight．E．WHO's main work is to improve the mental health of individuals and societyF．But if you lose control over your gaming habits，you'll face serious problems．D．However，it doesn't matter if you play your favorite game now and then．16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F. F17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F. F18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F. F19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F. F20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F. F三、完形填空（本大题共20小题，共30.0分）It was a cold and dark winter night．A town，in Wenchuan County，one of the worst(21)areas in the May 12 earthquake，2008，was extremely quiet except that the sound of (22) came out of a small house．This was not an ordinary house (23) a community KTV set up by a young man in late September．Ever since its opening，it has become a place for local people to heal their(24)．From sentimental （伤感的）love songs to happy pop songs，singing has become part of the longan d hard process of easing people back to a (25)life．The young man still remember the KTV's early days．The room were(26) on the opening day and many people chose to(27)the whole night．In the following four months，the KTV has (28)nearly all the local people and those from nearby(29)shelters．Many couldn't help(30)as they sang their favorite songs．The young man may not have known their names，but he(31)their sorrow and relief．He remembers one young woman who (32) many times with her friends．When she first visited，she sat alone in the corner without saying a word，staying (33)all night．She finally chose a heartbreaking love song，Be Your Lover，and her cheeks were (34)in tears as she sang．Later，he learned that the woman was in great (35)because of her husband's death．The yojng woman would regularly visit the KTV and sing the same love song．Every time she cried (36)．"But recently，I saw(37)of her and on the last two occasions she didn't sing the(38)song，" he recalles，" I hope that she is (39)and stepping out of the shadow．"The young man himself lost his parents in the earthquake，so when people expressed their emothions，he sat quietly in a corner，listening to their(40)and watching people change from weak to strong．It was deep in earthquake-affected Wenchuan that grief-stricken townsfolk discovered how the simple act of singing could help heal their souls．21. A. influenced B. swept C. beaten D. stricken22. A. joy B. shout C. music D. laughter23. A. so B. but C. or D. and24. A. souls B. injuries C. illnesses D. feelings25. A. normal B. peaceful C. simple D. hard26. A. occupied B. surrounded C. damaged D. packed27. A. perform B. stay C. relax D. work28. A. attracted B. satisfied C. entertained D. invited29. A. clean B. permanent C. temporary D. dirty30. A. trembling B. crying C. leaving D. dancing31. A. shared B. suffered C. removed D. expressed32. A. went back B. walked about C. came around D. tried out33. A. cautious B. excited C. ftightened D. sorrowful34. A. caught B. burnt C. bathed D. hidden35. A. danger B. vain C. trouble D. pain36. A. bitterly B. quietly C. sensitively D. regretfully37. A. much B. less C. more D. fewer38. A. same B. favorite C. lastest D. popular39. A. changing B. contuibuting C. sturggling D. recovering40. A. stories B. opinions C. songs D. experience四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）41.Chinese researchers have (1) （soccessful）grown and harvested rice in the desert ofDubai（迪拜）after developing a strain （品种）which (2) （allow）the crop to grow in salt water．A team of scientists，(3) （lead）by China's "Father of Hybrid Rice"．Yuan Longping，have already started growing the crop in the diluted （稀释的）seawater at home and are now bringing the technique to the Middle East．The big harvest of rice last year in the suburbs of Dubai far exceededscientists'expectations，according to a report by Xinhua News Agency．The high output 7500 kilograms per hectare（公顷）compared with the (4) （globe）average of 3000kilograms per hectare- has encouraged scientists to expand the prject．They (5) （plan）to set up a 100-hectare experimental farm in Dubai later last year．They will put it into regular use this year and then start expanding after 2020．The Dubai project is a commperation between China's Sea Rice Research andDevelopment center with the private Office of Sheikh Saeed Bin Ahmed AlMaktoum．The two parties have signed an (6) （agree）to promote seawater arice across the Arab world to reduce the risk of food shortages in the future．While scientists in some countries (7) water shortages are a serious concern have been develping desalination（脱盐）techniques to change seawater for use in agriculture，China has been working (8) （develop）stains of salt resistant rice fro the past fourdecades．Although (9) is not yet clear hwo the Dubai project will be able to secure enough fresh water to dilute seawater (10) lare -scale rice planting ，Chinese scientists have already started growing it closer to home on a commercial scale．五、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共25.0分）42.假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Robert最近给你发了一封内容如下的电子邮件，请你根据邮件内容和写作要点用英语给他回复Dear Li Hua ，I'm ready upset at present，I had many friends，but now none of them want to talk to me．at lunch time，nobody likes to share a table with me．I feel really puzzled and lonely．And I can't understand why they are trying to avoid me．Would you please give me some advice？Thank you．Robert写作要点：1．给他的处境表示理解2．给他提出合理的建议3．愿意为他继续提供帮助注意：词数100左右可以适当增加细节，以使得行为连贯开头和结尾已经为你写好，不计入总词数量Dear Robert，答案和解析1.【答案】【小题1】C 【小题2】B 【小题3】A【解析】【文章主旨】本文讲述的是作者通过手指甲断了经历，明白了失败这是生活的一部分。
2020届河南省郑州市高考英语一模试卷含答案
高考英语全真模拟卷题号I II III IV V 总分得分一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共30.0分）AA month ago, I broke a nail. My other nails looked amazing, but now one was a mess. Clearly, there was no point in keeping the others, so I took out the nail scissors to cut them all off．"What are you doing, Mom?" my daughter cried, "your nails look great! Don't cut them!""But they're ruined," I said, waving the broken one in her face．"They're not ruined," she said．"You still have nine nails left!"I hesitated, with the scissors still in my hand．My nails certainly weren't perfect anymore, and the opposite of "perfect" is "ruined", right? I mean, this is how I think about most things:it's all or nothing．Take my finances for example．I can spend weeks being sensible and buying only essential items, such as food for my family. And then one day, I'll see something expensive that I really like and buy it. Then, I think to myself, "well, I already spent 100 dollars on that dress last week, so I may as well spend 50 dollars on this lipstick (口红)" and give up saving entirely, I've thought about why I act this way, but I don't know what causes this behavior. I seem to go from "good" to "complete disaster" in a matter of moments. My brain only sees "perfect" or "disaster", which is extremely unhelpful.We humans are never just good or bad—we are far more complex. We have wins and we have losses and, occasionally, they are hard to tell apart. Some people understand this instinctively (本能地), while others struggle．For most of us, learning not to do the thing we're used to requires effort and discomfort. However, we should remind ourselves that we sometimes make mistakes, and that this doesn't mean we've failed．We need to accept that things will sometimes go wrong．Indeed, failure is part of life．We all fall occasionally, and we normally get straight back up. And so, with my daughter's words ringing in my ears, I decided to keep my nine nice nails. Ifeel annoyed every time I look at my hands, but I'm determined to live with my choice．It's a perfect exercise in imperfection. Maybe soon, I'll switch off my computer the next time I feellike I might buy something else I don't need, although I may need my daughter there to guide me again.1.Why did the author want to cut off her nails?A. She got all of them ruined．B. She didn't like long nails at all.C. She didn't want to have imperfect nails.D. She wanted to prevent them being broken.2.what is the author's problem with her life?A. She is rather crazy about shopping．B. She looks at life in an extreme way.C. She is too careful with her finances.D. She is unwilling to change her mind．3.What does the author think of failure?A. It is just a normal part of life．B. It can help people to be stronger.C. It can completely destroy our life．D. It is something we need to overcome．BMy son Sam is 16 and autistic（自闭症）．There's a lot of going on in that beautiful and brilliant mind of his，but even on a good day he can be easily at a loss．Throw in some diagnosed anxiety，an inability to read social cues（信号）and an unexpected change to his daily routine，and you have the way to deal with a very public meltdown（崩溃）．It was Sam's very first day at high school．We'd set up a plan for how he'd get home：I'd pick him up outside the shop near his school at 3：30 pm and I believed this was a perfect plan．Unknown to me，very bad weather was on its way and I was unable to warm him to take a shelter．With the combination of his dead phone battery and my dead car battery，I was running late and unable to communicate that to him．As a result，he was left alone and extremely frightened．He became very upset outside the shop，exactly where I'd told him to wait．This was when a beautiful older Vietnamese lady not only went to CHECK ON him，but took him inside her shop，calmed him down，got my phone number form him and called me．Five years later he continued to go into her shop every afternoon，bought a drink，had a chat and she sent him home with enough bread and rolls to feed a small nation．Sam will graduate this year，and I'm increasingly feeling the need to drop by the shop to let this wonderful lady know that she has saved Sam，and that she has saved me．I'm not sure if I can communicate all of this，but at least I will get to thank her．There are people I will not get to thank，though-the many kind strangers who have been there for Sam．And believe me，if you're wondering if this world is a complete mess right now ，I'm here to say that is not．So I guess this is a love letter to those of you who have helped a stranger out of the goodness of your heart．Pleased know hyou are appreciated，that your beautiful heart and kindness are appreciated ，and that ，perhaps unknowingly，you have make a great difference in someone's life．4.What can we learn about Sam from the first paragraph______A. He is rather slow with his studiesB. He can deal with sudden changes wellC. He has difficulty in dealing with thingsD. He tries hard to learn how to read social cues5.The underlined part "check on "in paragraph 4 probably means" ______ "A. discoverB. visitC. recognizeD. examine6.What happened to Sam after his first day at high school______A. He could get on well with his classmatesB. He made good friends with the nice ladyC. He brought the lady some food to thank herD. he became willing to communicate with others．7.What is the author's purpose in writing the passage______A. To express her thanks to kind peopleB. To remind us all to help autistic peopleC. To show how difficult life is for autistic peopleD. To tell us how to make a difference in other's lives．CIf you've ever had a dog，you know just how deep a connection you can develop with "man's best friend"．But a dog's life is much shorter than humans，about 12to 15years long，which means every dog owner has to go through the heartbreaking moment when their loving their loving pet passes away．Why not make a clone of that dog then？This is the solution offered by a South Korea company，Sooam Biotech Research Foundation．The company has already successfully cloned at least 400 dogs，mostly for US customers，ever s9ince it pioneered the technique in 2005．Now ，sooam Biotech has introduced its business to UK dog owners as well，offering them dogs that look just like their lost ones．To clone a dog，researchers first need to take a skin cell from a living dog or one that has just died．Meanwhile，another dog is selected to supply an egg．Researchers then replace the DNA in the egg with that from skin cell and implant the egg into the womb（子宫）of a female dog．The egg grows into a puppy over the following two months．The whole process takes less than a day，but it comes at a shockingly high price -around 63000 dollars．But if you can't afford it now，you can also save the cell in a laboratory and access it at a later date．However，magical as cloning might sound，there is no guarantee that the cloned dog will be a perfect copy of the original one．Just like identical twins of human，they share the exactly same DNA but there will still be small differences between them．"the spots on a Dalmatian （斑点狗）clone will be different，for example，" Insung Hwang，head of Sooam Biotech，told The Guardian．Dog owners will also have to accept the fact that personality is not "clneable"．Apart from genes，personality is also determined by upbringing and environment，which are both ranoom elements that cloning technologies simply cannot overcome，Professor Tom Kirkwood at Newcastle University，UK，told The Telegraph．Perhaps bringing our dogs back by cloning is not the best way to remember them after all．Kirkwood，a dog owner himself，pointed out，"An important aspect of our relationship with them is coming to terms with the pain of letting go．8.What service does Sooam Biotech Researcher Foundation offer______A. Making copies of pet dogs．B. Giving pet dogs identical twinsC. Helping dogs give birth to more puppiesD. Helping dog owners love their dogs more9.Which order is correct in the dog cloning process______a．An egg is taken from another dogb．a skin cell is taken from the pet dogc．The egg grows into a puppy in two monthsd．The egg is placed in the womb of a female doge．The DNA in the egg is replaced by the DNA from the skin cell．A. a-d-b-e-cB. a-e-b-d-cC. b-a-d-e-cD. b-a-c-d-c10.What can we learn about dog clonign from the passage______A. it has not been put into practice until recentlyB. it is very popular among US and UK pet ownerC. it might not give the owners an exactly same dog．D. it is very expensive and usually takes half a year to complete．11.What does Kirkwood think of dog cloning______A. He disagrees with itB. He supports itC. He is courious about itD. He thinks it unbelievableDAre you a procrastinator（拖拉者）？It's a common problem．And it can be harmful，as previous research has shown that people who procrastinate have higher levels of stress and lower well-being，reported the Asoociation for psychological Science in the US．But a new study has found a way to deal with problem：Be more connected to your future self．Psychologists think that each person believe that they are really two people："Present Me" and "Future Me"．"people act as if they perfer their current selves' needs and desires to those of their future selves，" wrote pyschologists Neil Lewis and Daphna Oyserman．Oyserman and Lewis decided to try to find a way to make "Present Me"imagine exactly how "Future Me" would feel the night before a big paper was due，though "Present Me" hadn't started yet．They made "Present Me" think about a far-off event as a number of days away，not months or years．Thinking about events in this way meant that something like a friend's wedding seemed 16.3 days sooner when considered in days rather than months and 11.4 months sooner when considered in months rather than years．The researchers also tried to find out whether people would take action sooner if they were told a certain event was happening in X days rather than years．For example ，participants imagined they had a newborn child，and that the child would need to go to college in either 18 years or 6570 days．The researchers found those in the "days"condition planned to start saving four times sooner than those in the"years" condition．So if you think of your life in days instead of years，you may get things done quicker．12.What did Oyserman and Lewis intend to do through their study______A. To work on a solution to test if someone is a procrastinator．B. To find out whether human beings usually have two different charactersC. To discover procrastinators are more likely to have a lower sense of well-beingD. To prove it's helpful to connect our current selves more with future selves．13.The underlined part "this way"in paragraph 4 refers to " ______ "A. setting up tough deadlinesB. following schedules strictlyC. counting in smaller units of timeD. imagining how your future self will feel14.What helps prevent people from procrastinating______A. Comparing their future selves with present selvesB. Considering their current selves' nees and desires．C. Thinking about far-off events in days rather than yearsD. Marking important events on a calendar as a reminder15.What does the passage mainly talk about______A. A way to get things done in time．B. The harmful effects of procrastinatingC. The reason to overlook future needs and desiresD. The way to reduce stress and improve happiness二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共10.0分）If you're a gamer who's constantly glued to your phone，it could be time to ask for medical help．On June 18，2018，the World Health Organization（WHO）officially listed "gaining disorder" as a mental health condition (1) ．"Video gaming is like a non-financial kind of gambiling （赌博）from a psychological poingt of view，" Mark Griffiths，a professor from Nottingham Trent University in the UK，told the Associated Press（AP）．" Gamblers use money as a way of keeping score，while gamers use points．"(2) ．"people need to understand this doesn't mean every child who spends hours in their room playing games is an addict，otherwise doctors are going to be flooded with requests for help，"Joan Harvey， a spokeswoman for the British Paychological Society，told AP．(3) For example， a 21-year -old Chinese woman surnamed Wu in Guangdong rovince went blind in one eye after playing the mobile game King of Glory for a whole day．On days when I have no work，I usually get up at 6am，eat breakfast and play until 4 pm，"she told the South China Morning Post．Then I'll eat something，have a nap（小睡）and play until 1 am．" Wu isn't alone．According to a study published by China Youth Daily，about one in five young Chinese peope play online video games for at least four to five hours perday．(4) In April，the Ministry of Education issued a notice asking Chinese schools and parents to prevent students from becoming addicted to the Internet and game．Other countries have also taken action．(5) Meanwhile，in Japan，some mobile phones have a special mode for children that lets their parents control what games they can download and how long they can play．A．This means it's now on the same list as other mental illnessesB．Thankfully，meansures have been taken to deal with the problem．C．We often see people around us playing games on their mobile phonesD．In South Korea，children are forbidden to play video games after midnight．E．WHO's main work is to improve the mental health of individuals and societyF．But if you lose control over your gaming habits，you'll face serious problems．D．However，it doesn't matter if you play your favorite game now and then．16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F. F17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F. F18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F. F19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F. F20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F. F三、完形填空（本大题共20小题，共30.0分）It was a cold and dark winter night．A town，in Wenchuan County，one of the worst(21)areas in the May 12 earthquake，2008，was extremely quiet except that the sound of (22) came out of a small house．This was not an ordinary house (23) a community KTV set up by a young man in late September．Ever since its opening，it has become a place for local people to heal their(24)．From sentimental （伤感的）love songs to happy pop songs，singing has become part of the longan d hard process of easing people back to a (25)life．The young man still remember the KTV's early days．The room were(26) on the opening day and many people chose to(27)the whole night．In the following four months，the KTV has (28)nearly all the local people and those from nearby(29)shelters．Many couldn't help(30)as they sang their favorite songs．The young man may not have known their names，but he(31)their sorrow and relief．He remembers one young woman who (32) many times with her friends．When she first visited，she sat alone in the corner without saying a word，staying (33)all night．She finally chose a heartbreaking love song，Be Your Lover，and her cheeks were (34)in tears as she sang．Later，he learned that the woman was in great (35)because of her husband's death．The yojng woman would regularly visit the KTV and sing the same love song．Every time she cried (36)．"But recently，I saw(37)of her and on the last two occasions she didn't sing the(38)song，" he recalles，" I hope that she is (39)and stepping out of the shadow．"The young man himself lost his parents in the earthquake，so when people expressed their emothions，he sat quietly in a corner，listening to their(40)and watching people change from weak to strong．It was deep in earthquake-affected Wenchuan that grief-stricken townsfolk discovered how the simple act of singing could help heal their souls．21. A. influenced B. swept C. beaten D. stricken22. A. joy B. shout C. music D. laughter23. A. so B. but C. or D. and24. A. souls B. injuries C. illnesses D. feelings25. A. normal B. peaceful C. simple D. hard26. A. occupied B. surrounded C. damaged D. packed27. A. perform B. stay C. relax D. work28. A. attracted B. satisfied C. entertained D. invited29. A. clean B. permanent C. temporary D. dirty30. A. trembling B. crying C. leaving D. dancing31. A. shared B. suffered C. removed D. expressed32. A. went back B. walked about C. came around D. tried out33. A. cautious B. excited C. ftightened D. sorrowful34. A. caught B. burnt C. bathed D. hidden35. A. danger B. vain C. trouble D. pain36. A. bitterly B. quietly C. sensitively D. regretfully37. A. much B. less C. more D. fewer38. A. same B. favorite C. lastest D. popular39. A. changing B. contuibuting C. sturggling D. recovering40. A. stories B. opinions C. songs D. experience四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）41.Chinese researchers have (1) （soccessful）grown and harvested rice in the desert ofDubai（迪拜）after developing a strain （品种）which (2) （allow）the crop to grow in salt water．A team of scientists，(3) （lead）by China's "Father of Hybrid Rice"．Yuan Longping，have already started growing the crop in the diluted （稀释的）seawater at home and are now bringing the technique to the Middle East．The big harvest of rice last year in the suburbs of Dubai far exceededscientists'expectations，according to a report by Xinhua News Agency．The high output 7500 kilograms per hectare（公顷）compared with the (4) （globe）average of 3000kilograms per hectare- has encouraged scientists to expand the prject．They (5) （plan）to set up a 100-hectare experimental farm in Dubai later last year．They will put it into regular use this year and then start expanding after 2020．The Dubai project is a commperation between China's Sea Rice Research andDevelopment center with the private Office of Sheikh Saeed Bin Ahmed AlMaktoum．The two parties have signed an (6) （agree）to promote seawater arice across the Arab world to reduce the risk of food shortages in the future．While scientists in some countries (7) water shortages are a serious concern have been develping desalination（脱盐）techniques to change seawater for use in agriculture，China has been working (8) （develop）stains of salt resistant rice fro the past fourdecades．Although (9) is not yet clear hwo the Dubai project will be able to secure enough freshwater to dilute seawater (10) lare -scale rice planting ，Chinese scientists have already started growing it closer to home on a commercial scale．五、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共25.0分）42.假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Robert最近给你发了一封内容如下的电子邮件，请你根据邮件内容和写作要点用英语给他回复Dear Li Hua ，I'm ready upset at present，I had many friends，but now none of them want to talk to me．at lunch time，nobody likes to share a table with me．I feel really puzzled and lonely．And I can't understand why they are trying to avoid me．Would you please give me some advice？Thank you．Robert写作要点：1．给他的处境表示理解2．给他提出合理的建议3．愿意为他继续提供帮助注意：词数100左右可以适当增加细节，以使得行为连贯开头和结尾已经为你写好，不计入总词数量Dear Robert，答案和解析1.【答案】【小题1】C 【小题2】B 【小题3】A【解析】【文章主旨】本文讲述的是作者通过手指甲断了经历，明白了失败这是生活的一部分。
2020年郑州中学高三英语一模试卷及答案解析
2020年郑州中学高三英语一模试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ATop Four MarathonsPortland MarathonThe marathon welcomes 8 000 people every fall. It’s a great event for first-timers because everyone is cheered on with enthusiasm no matter how long it takes to cross the finish line. The time limit for the full marathon is now at a pace of minutes per mile, or 6 hours and 33 minutes, but in the past it had an open time limit. They promise you’ll still receive your medal if you fall behind the pace, but you have to finish using the sidewalks.TCS New York City MarathonAs the world’s biggest marathon, the TCS New York City Marathon attracts over 50,000 people to the Big Apple each November. The time limit is generous eight and a half hours, but participants must move to the sidewalk if they drop below 15-minute mile.The famous course snakes through five boroughs (行政区) of the city and crosses five bridges to end in Central Park.Honolulo MarathonThe marathon attracts over 30,000 participants each December. The race starts on Ala Moana Boulevard in downtown Honolulu and snakes its way along the breathtaking Hawaiian coastline to the finish line in Kapiolani Park. The start time is at 5: 00 am with finish line services officially open until 2: 00 pm. However, the organizers allow everyone to finish and have waiters on hand until 4: 00 pm.Boston MarathonThe marathon is held in May every year. For this event running isn’t allowed as the city streets aren’t closed off. Participants must instead make their way along sidewalks under the guidance of event organizers and city police. The event attracts over 8,000 people who can choose anything from three-mile walk to the full 26.2-mile Boston Marathon route.1.Where is a new marathon runner most likely to receive enthusiastic cheers?A.In Portland.B.In New York.C.In Honolulu.D.In Boston.2.What can we know about TCS New York City Marathon?A.It is extremely popular.B.It has an open time limit.C.It starts and ends in a park.D.It forbids using the sidewalk.3.Which marathon is held the earliest in a year?A.Portland Marathon.B.TCS New York City Marathon.C.Boston Marathon.D.Honolulu Marathon.BIf you think you’d like to live on Mars, you may have that possibility by 2023. A Dutch company called Mars One will soon advertise for people interested in colonizing (开拓) Mars. Ifyou have all the necessary skills, you could be one of the first colonists. Are you ready for the challenge?You won’t have to pay for the mission to Mars. Mars One has already received money from some donors and is hoping to get more from TV viewers who will become interested in the show where all applicants have a debate for the rare chances.The main responsibility of the first colonists is to create an artificial environment on Mars where there is no air to breathe and no land to farm. Scientists know it’s quite possible because something similar has already been done inAntarctica.Another problem is that space travel to Mars takes nearly a year to get to Mars and the colonists will live the rest of their lives there. When a human lives in an environment without gravity or with low gravity for a long time, the systems in the body weaken. Luckily, spinning (旋转) the spaceship can create artificial gravity, and artificial gravity can ease these problems. It will also be difficult for Mars colonists to be far from home, living in small spaces, and seeing the same people over and over. Colonists with depression could put the mission in danger. Fortunately, a few years ago, a joint Russian and European project called the Mars500 Mission studied people’s reactions in a Mars-like environment. It is viewed as a great success because scientists were able to see how people handle emotional and physical stresses.Recent studies show that seven percent of people would want to go on such an adventure.Mars One will soon start accepting its first colonists. Are you interested?4. What do we know about the applicants to Mars from the first two paragraphs?A. They will land on Mars in 2023.B. They can get money from donors.C. They will compete in a TV show.D. They do not need special skills.5. What will the first colonists do to solve the basic living problems on Mars?A. Create earth-like conditions.B. Build labs inAntarctica.C. Spin the spaceship.D. Start the Mars500Mission.6. What can the life of the first colonists be like according to the passage?A. Difficult and dangerous.B. Different but adaptable.C. Challenging and unbearable .D. Acceptable but depressing.7. What’s the best title for the text?A. Mars: our final destination?B. Ready to be Mars’ colonists?C. Space travel: a thrilling adventure?D. Are you a qualified Mars astronaut?CA male tiger was rescued in Mishan city, Northeast China's Heilongjiang province, on Friday. A tiger was recently seen on the Siner Russian border（边界），but there is no evidence to suggest this is the same tiger or that it had lost its way from Russia.Wherever it may have come from, cross-border protection of endangered species is a problem. According to Ma Jianzhang, a senior wild animal researcher in China, tigers know no borders, which have been built to stop humans from illegally crossing over. However, these borders also stop the free movement of tigers, thus preventing their breeding（繁殖）and exchange of genes.The Sino-Russian border alsocomes in the way ofprotecting tigers in the region. Data show about 500 to 550 Siberian tigers, or over 90 percent of the species, live in the wild in Russia; 27 live in the wild in China, and 50 inthe border region. Sometimes tigers lose their way across the border and that is hindering（妨碍）efforts to stop illegal hunting and protecting them.Fortunately, both China and Russia have realized this problem and are working toward solving it. As early as 2010, the two countries established a cross-border protection network aimed at strengthening communication onprotecting tigers in the northeast. The countries have also held anti-poaching（反偷猎）activities together. In 2019, two national parks from the two countries signed a three-year deal to share research data on tigers, greatly improving the living conditions of Siberian tigers in the wild.However, much more needs to be done to protect the species. It is necessary to combine the tiger protection areas in the two countries. That will require greater efforts from both sides and some difficulties might remain even then. Fortunately, both countries have been taking effective measures to provide the endangered species a better home.8. What's the original purpose of setting up the Sino-Russian borders?A. To ban people from illegal crossings.B. To help protect tigers in the region.C. To protect tigers from losing their way.D. To stop tigers' breeding and exchange of genes.9. What does the underlined phrase “comes in the way of” probably mean?A. keeps from.B. is on the way toC. is aimed atD. keeps up10. What is the focus of Paragraph 4 ?A. Recent studies and researches on tigers.B. Joint efforts by China and Russia to protect tigers.C. The possible effects of establishing a networkD. Reasons for improving the living conditions of tigers.11. What's the author's purpose in writing the text?A. To inform the possible dangers of tiger protection.B. To cover the news about a missing tiger on the border.C. To put forward suggestions on finding the missing tiger.D. To report the problems and measures of cross-border tiger protection.DNextdoor，an online social network for neighbors，says it has attracted $60 million from early backers of technology giants，Google，Amazon and Facebook.The new investment，1ed by venture firm Kleiner Perkins Caufield & Byers and investment firm Tiger Global Management，values Nextdoor at more than $500 million，said a personfamiliar with the matter.Nextdoor members make Facebook-style postings，giving or seeking recommendations for services such asbabysitters and yard maintenance or local retailers and restaurants. They also post about community issues such as parking，crimeand safety，or items for sale or loan.The investment sum emphasizes the appeal of businesses that can tap into the growing use of mobile devices，as well as social networking Perhaps the best current example is Twitter，which is preparing for an initial public offering that values the company at up to about $11 billion.“We’re all spending more time with our screens，more engaged，but I think data shows we’re less connected，”said John Doerr of Kleiner Perkins，mentioning his own experience of knowing few of his neighbors. Nextdoor，with its ability to introduce neighbors to each other，helps people regain the sense of connection，he said.Early next year，Nextdoor plans to expand to Canada，followed by Great Britain，Australia，and South Africa，chief executive NiravTolia said. While Nextdoor has not yet have made any profit after two years of operations，Tolia said he is not worried.“If we look at the great companies at this stage，none of them started to monetize this early in their evolution. ”Tolia said. “It’s all about getting the product right. ”Eventually，Nextdoor plans to tap into local advertising，he said.Nextdoor is currently used in 22，527 neighborhoods across the United States，up from 5，694 a year ago. Including the latest funding round，it has raised just over $100 million.12. What attitude do the early backers of technology grant hold towards Nextdoor?A. They doubt its value.B. They think poorly of it.C. They are in favor of it.D. They are worried about it.13. What is mainly discussed about Nextdoor in Paragraph 3?A. Its members.B. Its service.C. Its value.D. Its location.14. What is the author’s purpose of mentioning Twitter in Paragraph 4?A. To support his viewpoint.B. To post an advertisement.C. To introduce a network.D. To makea public offer.15. How does Nirav Tolia feel about the future of Nextdoor?A. Curious.B. Upset.C. Cautious.D. Optimistic.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020届郑州一中高三英语一模试题及答案
2020届郑州一中高三英语一模试题及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AWe are proud to present a showcase for kid inventions from children chosen from the Kid's Forum at Blue Print Earth. We hope you enjoy the ideas expressed here and join us in supporting the next generation.Eater of Natural DisastersMy invention cansave your home by sucking up all-natural disasters. The government will not own this machine, but by you so there will be no taxes on it. Order Now! The Eater of Natural Disasters will run on renewable batteries. It will cost 50 dollars to make and I will sell it for just $ 75.Created by Matthew Szekeresh —Mt.WashingtonElementary, 5th Grade.Pick-up-Pollution BombMy invention is called the Pick-up-Pollution Bomb. It will just pick up pollution and it won't hurt anything else like people, animals, property, playgrounds, and parks. The reason why I made it is that I think there is too much pollution on the Earth. It sells for $100 apiece, and if you buy this now, I will send you another one for free.Created gratefully by Lauren Newberry — Mt. Washington Elementary, 5th GradeFlying HouseMy invention is a home that will blast off in space. For example, if there were an earthquake people would immediately blast off, or if there were a flood it would take off. Only for $ 400.99.Created by David Turner —Mt.WashingtonElementary, 5th GradeBug RobotMy invention is a robot that catches little bugs, eats little bugs, sucks up pollution, sucks up natural disasters, and turns them into food solving the problems of too many little bugs, natural disasters, pollution and starvation. My product is worth $500. My invention works on 2 triple — A batteries. And if you order one today I'll throw in 4 rechargeable triple-A batteries.Created by Cassie Courtey —Mt.WashingtonElementary, 5th Grade1. Why is the Flying House created?A. To explore the space.B. To clean the air.C. To prepare people for earthquakes.D. To help people escape from natural disasters.2. Which invention can turn pollution into food?A. The Bug Robot.B. The Pick-up-Pollution Bomb.C. The Flying House.D. The Eater of Natural Disasters.3. What can we infer about the four inventions?A. They are very easy to build.B. They are ideas from kids in the same school.C. They are expensive but of practical use.D. They are being used by people.BEvery racehorse has different abilities．Like humans，some are short- distance runners，while others are marathoners．Figuring out which is which and how to pace them can be the difference between failure in the finish and taking the award home．Jockeys（赛马骑师）and trainers have traditionally relied on centuries of experience and data from previous races to plan their races．Amandine Aftalion，a mathematician in Paris，thought she could add to that．Since 2013，she has been analyzing the performances of world champion runners like Usain Bolt．She has found that short-distance runners tend to win when they start strong and gradually slow down toward the finish line．Butin medium-distance races，runners perform better when they start strong，settle down，and finish with a burst of speed．Her model shows how those winning strategies maximize the energy output of muscles reliant on two different pathways：powerful aerobic（有氧的）ones that require oxygen，which can be in limited supply during a race，and anaerobic ones，which don't need oxygen but build up waste products that lead to tiredness．Aftalion wondered which strategy would be best for horses．So she and Quentin Mercier，anothermathematician，took advantage of a new GPS tracking tool inserted in French racing saddles（马鞍）．The two studied patterns in many races at the Chantilly racetracks north of Paris and developed a model that accounted for winning strategies for three different races：a short one(1，300 meters)，a medium one (1,900 meters)，and a slightly longer one (2,100 meters)，all with different starting points on the same track．The model takes into account not just different race distances，but also the size or friction fromthe track surface．The results might surprise jockeys who hold horses back early for bursts of energy in the last finish．Instead，a strong start leads to a better finish，the team found．“That doesn't mean those jockeys are wrong，though．If the start is too strong，it can bedevastatingas well，leaving the horse tired by the end，” Aftalion says．4. What should a runner do to get an award according to the text?A. Make a good start．B. Plan for the race early．C. Run slowly on the starting line．D. Try runningquickly all the time．5. What formed the basis for Aftalion's studying horse race?A The experience and data from previous horse races．B. The benefit of knowing horses' different abilities．C. The success in studying runners' winning strategies．D. The performance of horses on different race distances．6. What does the underlined word“devastating”in the last paragraph mean?A. Boring．B. Damaging．C. Astonishing．D. Puzling．7. What can we infer from the text?A. Runners have the same energy output of muscles．B. Aftalion's findings may help horses to win the race．C. What Jockeys and trainers do makes no sense to horses．D. World champion runners made a contribution to the study．CTrue friend from a distant landInternational friends can come in many shapes and sizes. However they arrive on the scene, they are always appreciated, especially in times ofturbulence. Michael Lindsay (1909 — 94) is a case in point.After graduating from the University of Oxford in 1931, Lindsay arrived in China in 1937 on a ship from Canada intending merely to teach economics at Beiping Yenching University, the current Peking University. He traveled with Norman Bethune the Canadian doctor who dedicated his life to medicine in China during the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression (1931 — 45).Lindsay left Beijing at the end of 1941, and went to the Communist-led Jinchaji base(晋察冀边区)together with his wife Li Xiaoli, who was a Shanxi local and a former student of his.“Lindsay was inspired by the hard work local Chinesepeople made in fighting against Japanese aggression. After learning that Chinese armies on the frontlines were suffering supply shortages, Lindsay was determined to lend a hand," says Yan Juhai, a retired official from Shanxi's Lyuliang city. "In the Jinchaji base, NieRongzhen( 1899 — 1992), the base's top commander, appointed him to work as the communications expert, where he became a full-time radio technician contributing greatly in communication technology innovation and training," says Yan.In 1944 Lindsay and his wife arrived in Yan'an in Shaanxi province and helped fix its telecommunication equipment. They stayed for 18 months in Yan'an, and after the victory in the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, they decided to return to the United Kingdom to visit their parents.8. Which word in the following can best replace the underlined word?A. peaceB. warC. stressD. sorrow9. Why did Lindsay go to the Communist-led Jinchaji base according to Yan Juhai?A. Because his wife was a Shanxi local.B. Because he was warmly invited by NieRongzhen.C. Because he was touched by Chinese people's effortsD. Because he was more interested in communications.10. What can we learn from the article?A. Lindsay and his wife stayed in China for over 8 years.B. Lindsay's wife was also skilled in communication technology.C. Lindsay was appointed as the communications consultant in Shanxi province.D. Lindsay taught economics in the Jinchaji base besides his work as a radio expert.11. Where is the text probably from?A. a guidebookB. a novelC. a diaryD. a newspaperDA team of engineers atHarvardUniversity in trying to create the first robotic fly. Designed to do what a fly does naturally, the tiny is the size of a fat housefly. Its mini wings allow it to stay in the air and perform controlled flight tasks."The added difficulty with a project like this is that actually none of its components is off the shelf and so we have to develop them all on our own’ said Robert Wood, a Harvard engineering professor.They engineered a series of systems to start and drive the robotic fly. “The seemingly simple system which just moves the wings hasa number of interdependencies (相互依赖）on the individual components, each of which individually has to perform well, but then has to be matched well to everything it d connected to,” said Wood.While this first robotic flyer is linked to a small, off-board power source, the goal is eventually to equip it with a built-in power source, so that it might someday perform data-gathering work at rescue sites，in farmers’ fields or on the battlefield. "Basically it should be able to take off, land and fly around，” he said.Wood says the design offers a new way to study flight mechanics and control at insect-scale. Yet, the power, sensing and computation technologies on board could have much broader applications.“You can start thinkingabout using them to answer open scientific questions, you know, to study biology in ways that would be difficult with the animal，but using these robots instead” he said. "So there are a lot of technologies and open interesting scientific questions that are really what drives us on a day-to-day basis.”12. What is the typical characteristic of the robotic fly?A. It's automatic.B.It's very small.C. It's controllable.D. It's quite powerful.13. We can infer from the passage that the robotic flyer can____ .A. act as a spy planeB. help do farm workC.fly at a very high speedD. answer many scientific questions14. What is Wood's idea about the robotic fly according to the last paragraph?A. It is highly questionable.B. It has wide practical applications.C. It gives scientists interest in flying machines.D. It points to a new direction in studying biology.15. What can be the best title for the passage?A. Harvand's Study in the Field of Insects.B. A Breakthrough in Engineering ScienceC. An Interesting Invention一Robotic FlyD. Robotic Fly一a Copy of Real Life Insect第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。