2019年高考英语二轮专题复习训练：专题4 语法填空和短文改错 第1讲 重点4 素能强化 Word版含答案
第一编专题四第1讲重点四第一组Ⅰ. 语法填空(2018·湖北八校高三第一次联考) China has always been famous for being a “State of Etiquette(礼仪)”. According to historical documents，as early as 2,600 years ago，this nation has already established a thorough set __1. of__ dining etiquette.A famous 19th century Russian writer，Anton Chekhov，once invited a Chinese man __2. to have__ (have) a drink in a bar Chekhov said，“Before drinking from his cup，he held __3. it__ with his hands and presented to me and the bar owner and bartenders，__4. saying__ (say) ’qing (please)’. This is the custom of China. They are not like us to finish it in one drink，__5. but__ prefer to drink by taking a small amount at a time. With every sip(一小口)，he __6. ate__ ( eat ) some food. Afterwards he handed me some Chinese __7. coins__ (coin) to show gratitude. This is a rather interestingly polite nationality. . . ”This was the most valuable opinion of a Chinese person __8. that__ was given by a foreigner two centuries ago. Chinese traditional dinner procedures used to be long and dealt __9. seriously__ (serious) with；the __10. more important__ (important) the occasion，the more complex the procedures were.文章大意：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。
文章通过讲述一位俄罗斯作家招待一个中国人的经过，描述了中国人的就餐礼仪。
❶解析：考查固定搭配。
根据历史文献记载，早在2 600年前，这个国家就已经建立了一套完整的就餐礼仪。
a set of为固定搭配，意为“一套，一系列”。
❷解析：考查动词不定式。
19世纪时一位名叫Anton Chekhov的俄罗斯作家邀请一个中国人去酒吧喝酒。
invite sb. to do sth. 是固定搭配，意为“邀请某人做某事”，故用动词不定式to have。
❸解析：考查代词。
根据该句中的“Before drinking from his cup，he held __3__ with his hands”可知，空处指代该句中的“cup”，故用it。
在喝酒之前，他手举着杯子，向“我”和酒吧老板及酒吧服务员说“请”。
❹解析：考查现在分词。
该句主语为he，和动词say之间为逻辑上的主谓关系；空处和谓语动词held和presented之间为伴随关系，故用现在分词作伴随状语。
❺解析：考查连词。
空前表示他们不像我们那样一口喝下，空后表示他们更喜欢一次喝一小口；根据上下文可知，空处前后为转折关系，故用转折连词but。
❻解析：考查动词的时态。
根据该段第一句中的“A famous 19th century Russianwriter ，Anton Chekhov ，once invited a Chinese man ”可知，该处叙述的是19世纪发生的事情，故用一般过去时。
❼ 解析：考查名词的复数形式。
coin 为可数名词，根据该句中的“some ”可知，空处用其复数形式。
此处表示此后，他递给“我”一些中国硬币以表示感激。
❽ 解析：考查定语从句。
分析该句结构可知，该句为定语从句，句中的opinion of a Chinese person 为先行词，该先行词被最高级the most valuable 修饰，且在从句中作主语，故用that 引导该定语从句。
❾ 解析：考查副词。
根据空处前的动词dealt 可知，空处修饰该动词，故用副词形式。
○10 解析：考查形容词的比较级。
此处表示场合越重要，则礼仪就越复杂。
该句使用了“the ＋比较级…，the ＋比较级. . . ”，表示“越……，越……”。
Ⅱ. 短文改错(2018·惠州市高三第二次调研考试试卷)Not long ago ，I was touched by the reply from Tsinghua University to Wei Xiang ，which aroused a heating discussion. As Wei Xiang lost his father in a very early age ，he was brought up by her mother. Despite of serious illness ，he overcame all difficulties and was admit to Tsinghua with high marks. He wrote a letter to Tsinghua to apply for a separate room ，where his mother could take care of him in the next four year. In the reply ，the school promise to satisfy all his requirements and encouraged him to have strong belief in life. It is not only the inspiring story but also the warmth from the university which attracts the public ’s attention. From Wei ’s story ，I learned that hard work would final pay off.答案：Not long ago, I was touched by the reply from Tsinghua University to Wei Xiang, which aroused a heating heated discussion. As Wei Xiang lost his father in ata very early age, he was brought up by her his mother. Despite of serious illness, he overcame all difficulties and was admit admitted to Tsinghua with high marks. He wrote a letter to Tsinghua to apply for a separate room, where his mother could take care of him in the next four year years . In the reply, the school promise promisedto satisfy all his requirements and encouraged him to have ∧astrong belief in life. It is not only the inspiring story but also the warmth from the university which thatattracts the public ’s attention. From Wei ’s story, I learned that hard work would final finallypay off. ❶ 解析：heating 改为heated 。
考查形容词。
那引起了一场激烈的讨论。
故heated “激烈的”符合语境。
❷ 解析：in 改为at 。
考查介词。
at a very early age “在很小的年纪”为固定搭配。
❸解析：her改为his。
考查代词。
根据上文可知Wei Xiang是男性，故此处应用his。
❹解析：删除of。
考查介词。
尽管得了严重的疾病，despite“尽管”后跟宾语时不需带of。
❺解析：admit改为admitted。
考查固定搭配。
be admitted to“被接收(入学)”为固定搭配。
❻解析：year改为years。
考查名词复数。
未来四年母亲能够在那儿照顾他，four后跟复数名词，故此处为years。
❼解析：promise改为promised。
考查时态。
本文叙述的是过去的事情，且全文使用的均为一般过去时，故此处用promised。
❽解析：have后加a。
考查冠词。
鼓励他对人生充满信心，have a strong belief in. . . “坚信……；对……怀有坚定信念”。
❾解析：which改为that。
考查特殊句型。
正是他鼓舞人心的经历和来自清华大学的温暖吸引了公众的注意。
本句为强调句型it be＋被强调部分＋that/who. . . ，故改为that。
○10解析：final改为finally。
考查副词。
此处表示“努力最终会得到回报”。
修饰动词用副词，因此改为finally。
第二组Ⅰ. 语法填空(2017·全国卷Ⅱ) In 1863 the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London. It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible __1. crowds__ (crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and __2. from__ work. It took three years to complete and was built using an interesting method. This included digging up the road，__3. laying__ (lay) the track and then building a strong roof over __4. the__ top. When all those had been done，the road surface was replaced.Steam engines __5. were used__ (use) to pull the carriages and it must have been __6. fairly__ (fair)unpleasant for the passengers，with all the smoke and noise. However，the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months，more than 25,000 people were using __7. it__ every day.Later，engineers __8. managed__ (manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels (隧道)，which became known to the tube. This development was only possible with the __9. introduction__ (introduce) of electric－powered engines and lifts. The Central London Railway was one of the most __10. successful__ (success) of these new lines，and was opened in 1900. It had white－painted tunnels and bright red carriages，and proved extremely popular with the public.文章大意：本文为说明文，介绍了全世界第一个地下客运铁路在英国开放及其逐渐发展成现在的地铁的过程。
2019届高考英语二轮复习(通用版)练习：第1板块语法填空+短文改错组合练(4)(含解析)
语法填空+短文改错组合练（四）题组(一)I •语法填空(2019新疆维吾尔自治区适应性检测)On learningAs we all kno w, lear ning is a process of gaining kno wledge. Lear ning is on e's own bus in ess, __1__ cannot rely on others. It is on e's lifelo ng task, which cannot __2__ (fini sh) in one move.A successful learner is an __3__ (independence) one, who has __4__ a determined will and amaz ing patie nee. He will try to discover his own way of lear ning. In stead of wait ing for the help of his teachers and frien ds, he will make efforts __5__ (create) favorable con diti ons on his own strong spirit. It will certa inly be __6__ great help, if there is a good en vir onment, eno ugh books and __7 ______ (equip), as well as in structi ons from his teachers and frien ds.Even if one has got all these favorable con diti ons, one cannot be sure to succeed in lear ning. So the most important factor in learning __8_ (lie) in one's own effort.To lear n is rather __9__〔他旬working and perseveri ng bus in ess. Many a man is a failure because he cannot bear such hardships. Persiste nt efforts can make up for a lack of tale nt and __10_ (able) one to get a great deal of progress in lear ning.1 . _______ 2. _______ 3. _______ 4. _______5. ______6. _______7. _______8. _______9. ______ 10. ______n .短文改错(2019 郑州市质量预测)I can still remember I was once asked to make speech before the whole class at the age of 9. You can imagi ne how shy I was whe n I thought of that with so many eyes fixed to me. I had no more choice but to prepare for it, though. The hardest part was my oral prese ntati on from my memory, for readi ng from the paper was n't allowi ng. The real mome nt bega n before I stood on the platform with my legs trembli ng or my mi nd bla nk. But my liste ners were wait ing patie nt. Gradually, I found me back, giving my speech at last. After what seemed to be a long time, I heard all the listeners applauding loudly. Ever since then, my fear of speak before the audienee had disappeared. Actually, now rve become a great speaker!题组(二)I .语法填空(2019 桂林市调研考试)I had an __1__ (interest) experience playing ping 卩°哩last year. I was play ing aga inst a fine opp onent. When the score was 20 to 20, I placed my bat on the table, __2__ (thank) my opponent and began to walk away. She called me back and said we had to continue __3__ one of us won."Look，” I said, “ if we continue, either you or I will win. If you win __4__ (easy), I will begi n todoubt my skill. If I win, you will be un happy. Is n't it __5__ (good) to know that we both played well, that we enjoyed the competition, and that we played to an equal score ?” This was a surpris ing ending for my opp onent and for the pers ons __6__ (watch) this con test. It made sense to me to leave with a tie game, an impasse (僵局)：no winner, no loser!Our prese nt tech no logy makes __7__ possible for n ati ons to destroy other n ati ons. In such a nuclear time there can be no winners, only losers. Under these __8 __ (condition), the only choice__9__ (avoid) global destruct ion is a global impasse. We cannot destroy this beautiful pla net by holding on to __10__ old understanding of victory. The only victory is in achieving a satisfying impasse. No one wins, but no one loses, either.1 . _______ 2. _______ 3. _______ 4. _______5. ______6. _______7. _______8. _______9. ________ 10. _______n .短文改错(2019 湖南市东部六校联考)I'd like to introduce Sarah to you. She is a good friend of me. Actually she is an exchange student from Ireland, whom has been studying in my school for two mon th. Wan ti ng to take an adva ntage of her short time here, Sarah works hardly. She had not studied Chinese before arriving here, but she has some difficulty communicating with people. She woke up early every morning to study a bit before class. I admire her in depe ndence for doing all of this while live so far away from her family. Besides, Sarah is in great help. Busy as she is, she often takes time help classmates with their En glish homework. A lovely girl, is n't she?题组(三)I .语法填空(2019 •西省四校联考)What defines a healthy city? Is it a place with a lot of open spaces __1__ people can exercise and enjoy the fresh air? A place with little or no polluti on? A place in which people can __2__ (free) socialize and express their ideas? Perhaps, it's all that plus more. Other considerations are the availability of health and fitness facilities, an excellent healthcare program and sincere efforts by __3__ local government to actively promote health and wellness among its citizens. Of all the cities in the world, one of the top six __4__ (healthy) cities is Cope nhage n, Denm ark.Cope nhage ners love to walk. Foot traffic acco unts __5__ 80% of all traffic in the Cope nhage n city cen ter. Those who prefer it can also bike. It is estimated that more tha n a third of all work trips in Copenhagen __6__ (carry) out on a bike. As for the climate here, the city does not have the bless ing of pleasa nt weather all year round. __7__ everythi ng starts to freeze, it tur ns several city squares into huge skating fields. The frozen parts of the city also make __8__ easier for residents to skate around. The city also has museums and art galleries for the kids and __9__ (grown- up). It has the Royal Danish Academy of Fine Arts and the Royal Library housed in a rather gra nd build ing __10__ (call) the Black Diamo nd.1 . _______ 2. _______ 3. _______ 4. _______5. ______6. _______7. _______8. _______9. ________ 10. ______n .短文改错(2019 内蒙古四校统一能力测试)ln order to enrich all students' life, a tour to DengtaijiaTourist Attract ion arra nged by the Stude nts' Union on August 18th. The attracti on is one of Shima ntan Nati onal Forest Park attract ion. Located in Wuga ng city, Pin gdi ngsha n, it is well kllOWIl with its highest peak looks like an ancient lampstand. We started out by the bus at 6 : 30 at the school gate. But after we got there at about 8 : 00, we began to climb the highest peak. A delicious lunch was careful prepared at farmers' cottages for them. In the after noon, we went for a won der boat ride in the Shimantan Reservoir, after that we gathered at 5 pm and returned.题组(四)I .语法填空(2019辽宁省部分重点高中协作校联考)There is good and bad n ews about the nu mber of trees on our pla net. The good n ews is __1_ there are seven times more trees than we __2_ (think). A few years ago, scientists estimated the world had 400 billi on trees, but a new study makes a __3 ______ calculate) that there are around threetrillio n trees. That's a three __4__ (follow) by 12 zeroes. But Dr Thomas Crowther told the BBC that this new nu mber is un able __5__ (cha nge) anything.What is the bad news? Thousands of years ago, the earth had around six trillion trees. Human activity has cut the nu mber of trees on the pla net __6__ half. A good example of this is __7__ fact that Europe used to be one of the gia nt forests. Dr Crowther said people are __8 ____ resp on sibility)for the loss of three trillion trees. Another 15 billion trees are lost each year because of deforestation (毁林)and farmland. The scientists said this figure is “_9__ (extreme) higher t h an a century ago. Dr Crowther added, “ Thisstudy highlights how much more effort __10_ (need) if we are to restore healthy forests worldwide. ”1 . _______ 2. _______ 3. _______ 4. _______5. ________6. _______7. _______8. _______9. ________ 10. ______n .短文改错(2019福建省普通高中毕业班质检)Last mon th, I find that my little brother looked up to me. I no ticed he started copy ing way that I was dressed. He even bega n copy ing my ways of speak ing and greet my frien ds. At first, I thought that he was play jokes. So I yelled at him, “ Knockt off. Much with my surprise, he burst into tear. Then I realized that what he was doing those things just because he admired me. To comfort my sadly brother, I took himto shop at the store for a blue shirt like me. Our mother smiled proud whe n we happily came back home in our shirts.语法填空+短文改错组合练（四）题组（一）I .语法填空语篇解读：本文讲述了如何做一个成功的学习者。
2019高考二轮复习：专题1 语法主导下的语法填空与短文改错 专题(4) 形容词、副词
terrible→terribly, possible→possibly, 词尾为le的形 gentle→gently, probable→probably, 容词，去掉e， comfortable→comfortably, 再加-y responsible→responsibly, simple→simply
解析：certainly certainly。
设空处在句中作状语修饰 “fun”，故填
常考点1
常考点2
常 考 点 3
综合演 练 提能
形容词、副词
结
束
4．(2017· 浙江高考)But something made her look closer, and she noticed a ________ (shine) object.
解析：gradually 此处应用副词修饰“turned gradually。 into”，故填
常考点1
常考点2
常 考 点 3
综合演 练 提能
形容词、副词
结
束
7．(2016· 四川高考)Chinese scientists recently had a chance to study a wild female panda with a newborn baby.She was a very ________ (care) mother.
解析：impressive 在系动词后面表示“使人印象深刻
的”应用形容词形式。故填impressive。
专题四 语法填空和短文改错(第1讲) 重点2 2019高考英语二轮复习课件
专题四 语法填空和短文改错
第1讲 重点二 语法必备
词性转换、比较等级和名词的数
2018年高考加大了对形容词和副词的考查力度。2018高考对名词
知考向
的考查以名词的数、名词的复数形式和词性转换为主。完形填空
会涉及对名词、形容词和词义辨析。
定考点 语法填空如提示词是形容词或副词，应考虑词性转换或比较等ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้级；如提示词是名词，考虑词性转换或名词复数形式。
是不可数名词 ，前面不能加不定冠词 ，也没有复数形式 。常用于短语 have
fun“ 玩得开心 ” ； for fun“ 为了玩乐 ” ； make fun of“ 取笑 ” ；fun 作形容词 时，意为“有趣的；给人欢乐的”。
officially 6．(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)The title will be ______________ (official) given to me at a ceremony in London.
1 2 3
真 题 体 验
即 时 巩 固
素 能 强 化
真 题 体 验
正面解读增分语法填空
考法1 考查词性转换——确定词性，联系构词法 careful 1．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)However，be __________(care) not to go to extremes. 解析：句意：然而小心不要走极端。设空在句中作表语，应用形容词，根 据 句 意 可 知 该 处 填 careful ， 表 “ 小 心 的 ” 。 care 的 另 外 两 个 形 容 词 分 别 是
education“接受良好的教育”。
certainly 5．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)It is ____________(certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little
2019高考英语二轮复习 600分策略 专题4 语法填空和短文改错 第1讲 语法必备 重点3 小词不可忽视-冠词、介词
小词不可忽视-冠词、介词、数词和代词第一组Ⅰ. 语法填空(2018·长郡中学新高三实验班选拔考试) Traditional Chinese wedding customs have been around for thousands of years. They may vary from place to place and time to time，but have been holding an important position in the lives of Chinese people， __1. causing__ (cause) a far－reaching impact on the way the Chinese lead their lives. The traditional Chinese marriage usually __2. involves__ (involve) some necessary procedures，such as match－making，engagement，meeting the bride，and three bows. __3. In__ addition，a typical Chinese wedding nowadays goes like this—when a new couple is engaged， __4. what__ follows is a __5. choice__ (choose) of the date of their marriage.Most people would favor a holiday or special Chinese festival for their relatives and friends __6. to attend__ (attend) the wedding. However，quite a few others，especially __7. those__ in the countryside，would fix a lucky date so that their marriage would have “Double Happiness”. The wedding ceremony is usually hosted __8. warmly__ (warm) and the wedding ceremony very often ends with __9. a__ unique banquet. Toasts are made to wish the new couple long life，everlasting love and happiness，early birth of a __10. healthy__ (health) baby and so on.文章大意：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国的婚俗习惯。
2019年高考英语二轮专题复习课件：专题4 语法填空和短文改错 重点5
大 二 轮 复 习 英 语
解析：句意：直到近期，他们才开始鼓励农村地区与旅游有关的活动的发 展。not until位于句首时，句子需用部分倒装结构，此处指过去所发生的动作， 需用一般过去时，故填did。 did 8．(2015·天津卷)Only when Lily walked into the office ______she realize that
第一编
专题四 语法填空和短文改错
第1讲 重点五 语法必备
增分书面表达的特殊句式
第一编 专题四
语法填空和短文改错
高考语法填空和短文改错对特殊句式的考查较少，主要涉及特殊 知考向 句式中谓语动词的时态和语态、状语从句的省略、祈使句、感叹 句和there be句式中的各种时态的应用。 根据It is/was或否定类结构判断考查强调或倒装，根据省略句、
大 二 轮 复 习 英 语
被强调部分为at the hotel，故设空处填that。
返回导航
·
第一编 专题四
语法填空和短文改错
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
did 7．(2016·江苏卷)Not until recently ______they encourage the development of
tourist－related activities in the rural areas.
she had left the contract at home.
2019年高考英语二轮专题复习课件：专题4 语法填空和短文改错 重点2
空前是 the most ，故设空填形容词与之构成最高级，名词 success 的形容词是
successful。
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·
第一编 专题四
语法填空和短文改错
education 4 ． (2017·全国卷Ⅲ)She is determined to carry on with her ____________
解析：句意：这个头衔将在伦敦的一个仪式上正式授予我。设空在句中修 饰谓语will be given，应用副词作状语，故填official的副词officially，意为“正式 地”。 7．(2016·全国卷Ⅱ)Then，handle the most important tasks first so you’ll feel a achievement real sense of ______________(achieve). 解析：句意：然后首先处理重要的任务，那么你会感觉到一种真正的成就 感。介词 of 后应接名词作宾语， a sense of achievement“ 一种成就感 ” ，此时
是不可数名词 ，前面不能加不定冠词 ，也没有复数形式 。常用于短语 have
fun“ 玩得开心 ” ； for fun“ 为了玩乐 ” ； make fun of“ 取笑 ” ；fun 作形容词 时，意为“有趣的；给人欢乐的”。
大 二 轮 复 习 英 语
·
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第一编 专题四
语法填空和短文改错
officially 6．(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)The title will be ______________ (official) given to me at a ceremony in London.
2019届高考英语二轮专题复习 (历届高考题分类解析)：短文改错
2018全国I卷During my last winter holiday, I went to countryside with my father to visit my grandparents.I find a big change there. The first time I went there, they were living in a small house with dogs, ducks, and another animals. Last winter when I went here again, they had a big separate house to raise dozens of chicken. They also had a small pond which they raised fish. My grandpa said last summer they earned quite a lot by sell the fish. I felt happily that their life had improved. At the end of our trip, I told my father that I planned to return for every two years, but he agreed.参考答案During my last winter holiday, I went to∧countryside with my fathertheto visit my grandparents. I find a big change there. The first time I wentfoundthere, they were living in a small house with dogs, ducks, and anotherotheranimals. Last winter when I went here again, they had a big separate housethereto raise dozens of chicken. They also had a small pond∧which they raisedchickens in或wherefish. My grandpa said last summer they earned quite a lot by sell the fish. Isellingfelt happily that their life had improved. At the end of our trip, I told myhappyfather that I planned to return for every two years, but he agreed.and考点分析答案和解析：第一句：countryside前加the countryside意为“农村；乡下”，与the连用。
2019届二轮复习短文改错专题短文改错考点解读课件(31张)
My dream school look like a big garden.
looks
There are all kinds of the flowers and trees
around the classroom buildings. We can lie
on the grass for a rest, or sat by the lake
polluted. Lots of studies have been shown
that global warming has already become a
very seriously problem. serious
The airs we breathe in is getting dirtier
these year—we had been allowing tomatoes to
years have
self-seed where they please.
As result, the plants are growing a
somewhere. The fruits are small in everywhere size, but juicy and taste. There are so
③ 代词：前后指代不一致。人称不一致、 单复数不一致、性别不一致，以及主语与 宾格的误用、形容词性物主代词与名词性 物主代词的误用等。
④ 词类错用：该用形容词时却用了副词， 该用副词时却用了形容词，以及其他词性 之间的混用。
⑤ 常用词的辨析：here与there, some与 any, many与much, ago与before, beside 与besides, ever与never, either与neither, very, much与very much, used to与be used to等。
2019年高考英语二轮专题复习课件：专题4 语法填空和短文改错 重点3
些„„”，而泛指时则译为“一个„„”。
大 二 轮 复 习 英 语
·
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第一编 专题四 语法填空和短文改错
the 4 ． (2016· 全国卷Ⅰ)While one is being bottle － fed ， ______other is with
mum. 解析：句意：一个用奶瓶喂养，另一个和妈妈在一起。one... the other... 意 为“一个„„另一个„„”。 5．(2016·全国卷Ⅱ)Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for a ______ while，exercising，or doing something you enjoy. 解析：句意：你可以出去一会儿，通过锻炼或做些你喜欢的事情来让你的 身体和大脑得到休息。for a while“一会儿”，是固定搭配。
解析： 句意：通过自查许多问题你能够断定你处在巅峰和低谷的时候。 a
number of意为“许多；大量的”，是固定搭配。
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第一编 专题四 语法填空和短文改错
名师点津
1．填冠词的情况 若设空后是(形容词＋)名词，且二者搭配在一起表泛指或特指；或设空后有
序数词或最高级等，设空处一般填冠词。
语as a result表示“结果”，故填a。
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第一编 专题四 语法填空和短文改错
2．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)This included digging up the road，laying the track and
the then building a strong roof over ______top. 解析：句意：这包括挖路、铺轨道，然后在上面建造一个结实的顶。此处 特指所修地铁的顶部，故用定冠词the。语法填空中无提示词填空的考查方向多 为介词、冠词、连词或代词。当可数名词单数前无冠词时，则考虑填入冠词，
2019年高考英语二轮复习【短文改错题解题指导及训练】附答案解析
2019年高考英语二轮复习【短文改错题解题指导及训练】高考英语短文改错技巧第一步必须熟悉设错方式1. 必须熟悉设错方式：多词、少词、错词。
⑴多词现象大多出现在冠词、介词、助动词、连词、语义重复及行文逻辑等方面。
⑵少词现象主要出现在冠词、介词、副词、助动词、不定式符号to、连词等。
⑶错词现象主要在冠词、介词、名词单复数、动词时态、非谓语动词、主谓一致、代词、连词、词形。
2. 平时应加强基本功训练，用一个“错题集”本把自己或同学在书面表达中出现的错误归纳一下，以便考前复习。
第一步加强基本功训练短文改错与书面表达一样，最能反映一个人的语言功底。
大家在该题上失分最厉害，因为此题而影响英语总成绩的占大多数。
第二步对全文宏观把握大家应把改错内容当作一篇小短文来理解，这样能对短文有个宏观把握，对上下文有全面的了解。
在理解篇章的基础上逐句审读，分析判断，上下兼顾，把明显的、拿的准的题先做完，这样可以缩小包围圈，也有助于对全文的进一步理解。
第三步从语法角度审查1. 查看时态是否一致。
My favorite sport is football. I was a member of our football team. 全文都是用的一般现在时，此句中的was显然与上下文语境不符，应改为am。
2. 查看主谓是否一致。
Anyone may borrow books, and it cost nothing to borrow them. cost应改为costs，因其主语是it(为形式主语)，且上下文均为一般现在时。
3. 查指代是否一致。
The Smiths did his best to make me feel at home.句中的主语the Smiths表的是Smith一家人，因此指示代词his应改为their。
4. 查平行结构是否平行一致。
由and, or, but, either...or..., neither...nor..., not only...but also..., as well as 等并列连词和词组连接的结构可称为平行结构。