2019届高考英语(人教版)一轮复习必修三unit 4 Astronomy the science of the stars单元知识点学案
基础知识默写(学生用书251～252页) 1.system n.系统；体系；制度systematic adj.系统的；有规则的2.religion n.宗教；宗教信仰religious adj.宗教的3.theory n.学说；理论theoretical adj.理论上的4.globe n.球体；地球仪；地球global adj.全球性的；全世界的5.violent adj.猛烈的；激烈的；强暴的violence n.暴力6.atmosphere n.大气层；气氛7.unlike prep.与……不同；不像8.harmful adj.有害的9.exist v i.生存；存在existence n.存在；出现10.puzzle v t.&v i.(使)迷惑；(使)为难n.谜；难题puzzled adj.困惑的puzzling adj.令人困惑的11.gentle adj.温和的；文雅的12.climate n.气候13.pull n.&v t.拉(力)；拖；牵引力14.atom n.原子15.billion n.十亿16.carbon n.碳17.fundamental adj.基本的；基础的18.chain n.链子；连锁；锁链19.multiply v i.&v t.乘；增加20.oxygen n.氧21.biology n.生物学22.gravity n.万有引力；重力23.satellite n.卫星24.physicist n.物理学家physics n.物理学physical adj.物理的；身体的25.float v t.&v i.(使)浮动；(使)漂浮n.漂浮物26.in time及时；终于27.be harmful to/do harm to对……有害y eggs下蛋29.give birth to产生；分娩30.in one’s turn轮到某人31.prevent...from阻止；制止32.depend on依靠；取决于33.block out挡住(光线)34.cheer up感到高兴；感到振奋35.get the hang of熟悉；掌握；理解36.break out突发；爆发37.watch out for密切注意；当心；提防38.This produced a chain reaction，which made it possible for life to develop.这产生了一个连锁反应，使得生命的发展成为可能。
39....I found I was carried twice as far as on the earth and fell over.……我发觉我被送出去很远，步子的跨度竟是在地球上的两倍，因而我摔倒了。
40.“Oh dear，”I cried，“walking does need a bit of practice now that gravity has changed.”“天哪，”我大声说，“既然重力改变了，看来走路也的确需要练一练了。
”基础知识夯实Ⅰ.语境填词1.Color is fundamental(基本的) in home design—something you’ll always have in every room.(2018·全国Ⅰ) 2.Creating an atmosphere(气氛) where employees feel part of a team is a big challenge.3.If we don’t stop climate(气候) change，many animals and plants in the world will be gone.(2018·北京)4.The enemy tank car caught fire and set off a chain(连锁) of explosions.5.He said he had installed a satellite(卫星) positioning system under my horse’s belly.(2018·浙江)6.Without oxygen(氧气)，the brain is damaged quickly.(2017·北京)7.The more violent(violence) scenes in the film were cut when it was shown on television.8.Scientists have many theories about how the universe first came into existence(exist).9.By the time they reached the top of the mountain they were exhausted(exhaust).10.The debate between science and religion(religious) continues to be heated.11.Now that we are all part of the global(globe) village, everyone becomes a neighbour.12.To explain the puzzling(puzzle) findings，he offers two theories.13.Some research has shown that not taking on a Saturday or holiday job could be harmful(harm) to a person later on.14.She sang to the music with her hand waving gently(gentle).15.When I look at this picture of myself，I realize how fast time flies. I have grown not only physically(physical)，but also mentally in the past few years.(2017·全国Ⅲ)Ⅱ.选词成篇in time，cheer up，prevent...from，do harm toNow that we all understand that the haze 1.does harm to our health，we should take effective measures to 2.prevent it from getting bad to worse. No matter what happens，we must 3.cheer up. If we keep on，we’ll succeed 4.in time.give birth to，depend on，block out，break out，watch out for Most plants 5.depend on sunlight to grow. If sunlight is 6.blocked out，diseases will 7.break out，thus 8.giving birth to food shortage in the world. So we should 9.watch out for the climate change closely.Ⅲ.完成句子1.The girl knows three foreign languages，which makes it easier for her to find a good job. (make ＋复合宾语)这个女孩懂三门外语，这使她更容易找到一份好工作。
2.He has collected more than three times as many stamps as I have.(倍数)他收集的邮票是我的三倍还不止。
3.Now that we are all here you might as well speak your mind.(now that)既然我们都在这儿，你不妨把想法都说出来。
4.Tsinghua University，founded in 1911，is home to a great number of outstanding figures.(过去分词作定语)清华大学，建于1911年，是许多杰出人物的母校。
1.加、减、乘、除四则运算(1)add→addition加(2)subtract→subtraction减(3)multiply→multiplication乘(4)divide→division除2.后缀-ist名词荟萃(1)physicist物理学家(2)biologist生物学家(3)psychologist心理学家(4)scientist科学家(5)tourist游客3.“阻止/禁止某人做某事”的表达形式汇总(1)prevent sb.(from) doing...(2)stop sb.(from) doing...(3)keep sb.from doing...(4)forbid sb.from doing/to do...(5)ban sb.from doing...(6)prohibit sb.from doing...4.“当心”这些短语(1)watch out (for)当心；小心(2)look out (for)当心(3)take care小心(4)be careful小心harmful adj.有害的；造成损害的(1)It’s harmful(harm) for the students’overall review if a teacher predicts the test.(2)If used improperly，the medicine will do/causeharmtoyou/do you harm/be harmful to you(对你造成伤害).(3)[同义句改写]They don’t usually employ untrained workers，but it doesn’t do any harm to try your fortune.→They don’t usually employ untrained workers，but there’s no harm in trying your fortune.lay v.放置；搁；下 (蛋)，产(卵)(1)I laid my book aside，turned off the light and went to sleep.我把书放到一边，关了灯睡觉。
2019届高中新创新一轮复习英语人教版：必修三 Unit 4 Astronomy the science of the stars
Unit 4 Astronomy: the science of the stars一、刷黑板——词汇全听写(先过识记默写关)Ⅰ.阅读词汇(英译汉)[第一屏听写] 1．astronomy n．天文学2．astronomer n. 天文学家3．solar adj.太阳的；日光的4．billion pron.&n.& adj.〈英〉万亿；〈美〉十亿5．carbon n. 碳6．dissolve v t.& v i.溶解；解散7．acid n. 酸[第二屏听写]8．mammal n．哺乳动物9．dioxide n. 二氧化物10．extinct adj.灭绝的；绝种的11．lessen v i.& v t.减少；减轻12．weightlessly ad v. 失重地13．solar system 太阳系14．carbon dioxide 二氧化碳_[第三屏听写]Ⅱ.高频词汇(汉译英)1．system n．系统；体系；制度2．religion n. 宗教；宗教信仰3．theory n. 学说；理论4．violent adj.猛烈的；激烈的；强暴的5．atmosphere n. 大气层；气氛6．unlike prep. 与……不同；不像7．fundamental adj.基本的；基础的[第四屏听写]8．presence n．出席；到场；存在9．harmful adj.有害的10．chain n. 链子；连锁；锁链11．reaction n. 反应；回应12．multiply v i.& v t.乘；增加13．oxygen n. 氧14．exist v i.存在；生存15．thus ad v. 因此；于是[第五屏听写]16．puzzle n．谜；难题v t.& v i.(使)迷惑；(使)为难17．biology n. 生物学18．biologist n. 生物学家19．gravity n. 万有引力；重力20．satellite n. 卫星；人造卫星21．gentle adj.温和的；文雅的[第六屏听写] 22．physicist n．物理学家23．climate n. 气候24．crash v i.& v t.碰撞；坠落25．spaceship n. 宇宙飞船26．pull n．& v t.拉(力)；拖；牵引力27．float v i.& v t.(使)浮动；(使)漂浮n. 漂浮物[第七屏听写]28．globe n．球体；地球仪；地球29．exhaust v t.用尽；耗尽；使精疲力尽30．in_time 及时；终于31．lay_eggs 下蛋32．give_birth_to 产生；分娩33．in_one's_turn 轮到某人34．prevent_..._from 阻止；制止[第八屏听写]35．block_out挡住(光线)36．cheer_up 感到高兴；感到振奋37．now_that 既然38．break_out 突发；爆发39．watch_out_for 密切注意；当心；提防40．get_the_hang_of 熟悉；掌握；理解二、刷清单——热身自盘点(再过基本应用关) (一)核心单词(二)常用短语一、过重点单词——纵引横联超人一点1．harmful adj.有害的[教材原句]What many scientists believe is that the continued presence of water allowed the earth to dissolve harmful gases and acids into the oceans and seas.很多科学家相信，由于地球上长期有水存在，使地球得以把有害气体和酸性物质溶解在海洋里。
人教版高考英语一轮复习讲义：必修三 Unit+4+Astronomy+The+Science+of+the+Stars.doc
第一部分基础知识必修三Unit 4 Astronomy: The Science of the Stars1．了解宇宙科学、地球生命的起源，了解万有引力、黑洞和太空旅行等天文学知识，培养学生对科学的兴趣，激发学生探求科学的热情。
2．了解作者的写作特点，培养创造性思维，开拓广阔的想象空间。
Do hens lay eggs first or eggs give birth to chicks first? Who exist earlier on earth? It's a puzzle of biology. No physicist would cheer up at the problem. Are you interested in astronomy or solar system? Do you believe in the theory of Big Bang? Will violent Big Bang break out? What prevents us from taking in more oxygen? People believing in religion won't believe there is harmful acid in the atmosphere. Unlike them, we know that there are billions of atoms which are fundamental to the globe. Thus, they gather to be masses of living things. They will multiply in time when the climate is suitable. Without gravity, satellite and floating spaceship will crash. Now that we have so many puzzles, we should watch out for the surroundings around us.1. in time 及时；终于2. lay eggs 下蛋3. exist vi. 存在；生存4. give birth to 产生；分娩5. in one's turn 轮到某人；接着6. prevent...from 阻止；制止7. break out 突发；爆发8. watch out 密切注视；当心；提防1. 和他们不同的是，我们知道有无数对地球至关重要的原子。
2019届一轮复习人教版必修三 Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars课件(66张)
harm
to your
physical health，but
harmful
it is also
harmful
adj.有害的
to your mental health.So there is no
harm
(harm)
in advising
you to give it up.
填一填
练一练
背一背 3． 与“太空”有关的高频单
crash
vt.碰
撞；坠落 2．
float
existence exist
vi.& vt.(使)浮 动；(使)漂浮 n．漂浮物
of ghosts? Perhaps ③collide v．碰撞；相撞 they only ④collision n．撞击；碰撞 ⑤run into 撞上 撞上 in the minds of
atmosphere pull
n．大气层；气氛 n．& 6．Is there vt.拉(力)；拖；牵 always a 名 引力 13． globe conflict n． 球 between 词 体；地球仪；地球 science and
religion 14．
15． gravity
n． 宗 n． 万
填一填 动词＋介/副词 1．watch out
练一练 选用左栏短语填空 1．The wall
exist
puzzling
problem
④collision n．撞击；碰撞 ⑤run into 撞上 撞上
vi.存在；生存
puzzled
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填一填
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近年届高考英语一轮复习Unit4Astronomy：thescienceofthestars单元学
2019届高考英语一轮复习Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars单元学案新人教版必修3编辑整理：尊敬的读者朋友们：这里是精品文档编辑中心，本文档内容是由我和我的同事精心编辑整理后发布的，发布之前我们对文中内容进行仔细校对，但是难免会有疏漏的地方，但是任然希望（2019届高考英语一轮复习Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars 单元学案新人教版必修3）的内容能够给您的工作和学习带来便利。
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Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars单元基础词汇语法回顾Ⅰ.单词拼写1．Their education ________ (体系） was perfect.2．I hope you will recover soon under this enjoyable ______（气候)．3．He felt ________(鼓励)by the progress he had made.4．The manager doesn't ________（允许)us to use the computer.5．The news that they were defeated ________(传遍）to the capital.6．Tornadoes are ________ （猛烈的)whirlwinds which vary in their width from a few yards to 1,300 feet.7．The small boat was ________(漂浮)on the surface of the water.8．A great ________（块)of rock had fallen from the cliff and now blocked the road。
全国通用版2019版高考英语大一轮复习Unit4Astronomy讲义新人教版必修3
Unit 4 Astronomy: the science of the stars1harmful adj .有害的What many scientists believe is that the continued presence of water allowed the earth to dissolve the computer, which is very and noise pollution caused by automobiles do this way, there is no calling apparently the earth for more than 140 million years.(教材P 26)它们也生蛋，在地球上生存了一亿四千多万年。
(1)⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧ exist in 存在于……之中exist on 靠……为生There exists…某地有……；存在……(2)⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧ existence n .存在；生存come into existence 产生；成立；开始存在(3)existing adj .现存的；现行的①You can't imagine what difficulty they the money gap between the young and the old.青年人和老年人之间存在着代沟。
③Scientists our narrow any existing (exist) ones.通过接纳其他文化，我们实际上拓宽了视野，而不是让现有的范围变得狭窄。
3puzzle vt .(使)迷惑；(使)为难；(使)窘困vi .感到迷惑n ．(游戏的)猜谜；难题；谜How life began on earth is one of the biggest puzzles that scientists found ．迷茫；困惑①The police are still puzzling aboutover meets the eye.整件事令人非常费解，远比看起来复杂。
2019届一轮复习人教版必修三Unit 4 Astronomy： the science of the stars学案
Unit4Astronomy：the science of the stars学案Ⅰ.情景默写1.The Transition is now going through crash(碰撞)tests to make sure it meets federal safety standards.(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)2.These include custom－made navigation(导航)tools，night vision systems(系统)and intelligent speed adaptations.(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)3.Worse still，being addicted to cell phones might also lead to teenagers’poor performance at school，thus(因此)adding to the elders’worries.4.His gentle(温和的)smiles and ready hands have always been our best prides.5.The finals of the match were going on in an exciting atmosphere(气氛)and won hearty applause at times.6.His brother received a degree of astronomy(天文学)when he graduated from college.7.You’d better pull(拉；拖)your car over to the side of the road if you must answer a phone call.8.Some fundamental(基本的)mistakes are not allowed to make when you are doing the work.9.As we know，the earth is becoming warmer and warmer due to the global climate(气候)change.10.Unlike(不像)most people in the office who come to work by car，I usually come to work by bus.11.If you multiply(乘)two and three,you will get six.12.Oxygen(氧气)is a kind of gas that is necessary for animals and plants to live.13.The young man knows little about Newton’s law of gravity(重力).14.The smell of new bread floated(飘动)up from the kitchen.15.When the Chinese women volleyball team turned up，all the fans cheered__up(感到振奋).16.Please tell me when Mr.Smith is arriving at the train station so that I can pick him up in__time(及时).17.Once he has made up his mind，no one can prevent him from(阻止)carrying out the plan.18.At last the firefighters put out the fire in the supermarket，which broke__out(突发；爆发)at ten this morning.19.You’ve made me suffer in the past，so now you，in__your__turn(轮到你)，suffer again!20.She married at17and gave__birth__to(分娩)her first child shortly after.21.She bought a heavy curtain to block__out(挡住)the light.Ⅱ.词性转换1.He often says that he doesn’t believe in any religion(religious)and only believes in himself.2.The factory gives off harmful gases.They may do harm to our health.(harm)3.Do you believe the existence of ghosts?Perhaps they only exist in the minds of some people.(exist)4.The puzzled look on her face suggested she was puzzled about the puzzling math problem.(puzzle)5.The robbers hit them violently.They couldn’t bear it any more so they decided to answer violence with violence and began their violent fightback.(violent)1.句型公式：形式宾语it我理所当然地认为他会帮助我们。
2019届一轮复习人教版必修三Unit4Astronomy the science of stars 单元学案(21页word版)
2019届一轮复习人教版必修三Unit4 Astronomy: the science of stars 单元学案【单元基础词汇语法梳理】I.选词填空（请从下面的词汇中选择合适的词填入各小题，注意使用该词汇的正确形式。
）1.A _______________film or television programme does great harm to teenagers.2.As her children grow up, she felt her financial burden reduced but her anxieties_____________.3. Even in a highly skilled workforce some people will be more capable and _______better paid than others.4. The___________ problem for young students lies in their inability to distinguish between reality and invention.5.Such kind of problems you mentioned in your speech just now also ____________in our school.6. The Philippine government wants the US to maintain a military___________ in Southeast Asia.7.Although smokers are clear at the _____effects of smoking, they justcan‟t resist the temptation..8.It is important for middle school students to ________a solid foundation both in art and science.9.With the help of electronic watching equipment and control ________ , many criminal cases are detected and solved.10.When doing reading comprehension, I was always ____________over some long and complex sentences.II.阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
2019学高考一轮复习英语：必修三 Unit 4 Astronomy the science of the stars
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4． multiply vi.&vt. 5． gentle adj.
6． crash vi.&vt. 7． pull n．&vt. 8． float vi.&vt. n.
[ 语境活用]
back of a bus.
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1．A truck went out of control and crashed (碰撞) into the
2．Some experts think reading is the fundamental (基本的) skill upon which school education depends.
system (系统) 3．Those anxious for reform say that the present ______
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2．theory n．学说；理论→ theoretical adj.理论的；理论性的 3 ． violent adj. 猛烈的；激烈的；强暴的→ violence
violently adv.猛烈地；激烈地 →________
n ．暴力
harmless adj. 4． harmful adj.有害的→ harm n． &v.伤害； 危害→________
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( 一) 核心单词
阅读单词
1．astronomy n． 2．astronomer n. 3．solar adj. 4．billion pron.&n.& adj. 5．carbon n． 6．dissolve vt.& vi.
天文学
天文学家
太阳的；日光的
〈英〉万亿； 〈美〉十亿
碳 溶解；解散
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2019届一轮复习人教版必修三Unit 4 Astronomy the Science of the Stars单元教案(13页word版)
2019届一轮复习人教版必修三Unit 4 Astronomy: the Science of the Stars单元教案Period One Warming-up & ReadingObjectivesTo help students understand the text’s forms and contents and learn about festival Astronomy To help students communicate on the topic in focus with the words, expressions and structures learned in this unitAidsMultimedia facilities, tape-recorder, photos, diagramsProceduresStep1 Warming up1. Presenting some scientific terms on astronomy to the Ss in order to arouse their awareness of the topic of this unit.Astronomy is the scientific study of the universe and the heaven bodies( such as the sun, the moon , and stars), gas, and dust within it.Stars are large balls of hot gas that produce light and heat through nuclear reactions. The sun is a star.Planets are the largest objects that circle around the stars.Satellites are objects that move in orbit （轨道）around other objects of greater mass. ( they maybe natural or man-made, like the moon or spacecraft )Solar system is made up of the sun and the objects that orbit it. These include the eightplanets ( and probably more) and their moons, as well as comets (彗星), and meteors（流星）.2. Ask the Ss to look at the picture about the solar system and match the names with the planets.Key: from the place where the planet is the nearest to the sun: Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune.Step2 Pre-readingDiscussionGet the Ss to discuss the questions on Page 25 with their partners. Then ask the Ss to tell the stories they know about how life began on earth.Pangu’s StoryPangu grew between the sky and the earth, which were combined together. They were just as tall as Pangu grew. He could not bear the small world any longer. So he found an ax and cut in the middle of the sky and the earth and divided them. The world became wider. After his death, one of Pangu’s eyes became the sun and the other, moon. His breath was the wind and his muscles turned into mountains. His blood became the rivers in the world and his hairs became forests. And then, our world appears. That’s Chinese story about the ori gin of the world.Step3 While-reading1.SkimmingGet the Ss read the first three paragraphs and summarize the main idea of each paragraph Para1 A widely accepted theory about how the universe came into beingPara2 How the earth came into being/ The formation of the earthPara3 The importance of water to the development of life on the earth2.Detailed reading ( Para1-3)1)What was the earth like before it formed its shape?2)What made up the earth’s atmosphere after the earth exploded?3)How did water come into being on the earth?4)What’s the importance of the presence of water on the earth?Keys: 1) It was a cloud of dust, which then settled into a solid globe.2)The explosion of the earth produced the water vapor, carbon, oxygen, nitrogen andother gases, which w ere to make the earth’s atmosphere.3) The explosion of the earth produced the water vapor, when the earth cooled down,the water vapor turned into water.4) It allowed the earth to dissolve harmful gases and acids into oceans and seas.3. SkimmingGet the Ss read the last two paragraphs and summarize the main idea of each paragraphPara 4 The development of planets and animals on the earthPara5 The appearance of humans and their effect on the earth/ humans spread all over the earth but they are not taking care of the earth4.Scanning ( Para 4-5)Fill in the chart about the order of development of life:How life began on the earth5.Detailed reading ( Para4-5)Get the Ss to find out the detailed information from the last two paragraphs1)“Which encouraged the later development of early shellfish and all sorts of fish” Whatdoes “which “ refer to?2)Why did the plants grow before animals came?3)What is the difference between reptiles and mammals?4)What problem is caused by humans? What is it called?Keys:1)It refers to that the small plants multiplied and filled the oceans and seas with oxygen.2) Because plants provided oxygen for animals to breathe.3)Reptiles produced young by laying eggs while mammals directly from bodies and fed on milk.4) Human beings are putting too much carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, which prevents heat from escaping from the earth into space. It is called Greenhouse Effect.Step 4 Post-readingDiscussionWhat should we do to prevent the global warning?Key: use solar energy/ save electricity/ ride bike, take bus or walk/ plant trees/ recycle some energy…Period Two& Three Language Focus1.to begin with = to start with1）以…..开始；从…..着手(在句子里做谓语)Knowledge begins with practice.A thousand li journey starts with the first step.2）首先；起初（单独使用做时间状语）To begin with, I couldn’t understand every word.To start with, we have the correct leadership of the Party.2.direction1) 方向，方位Cars were coming from all directions.She went off in the opposite direction.2) 指示；说明书（常用复数）Before Pam made the cake she read the directions on the packet.He gave me full directions to enable me to find his house.短语：in every direction/ in all directions 向四面八方，向各方面in the direction of 朝…..方向under the direction of 在……指导下give directions 给予指示bine ( to mix or join different things together to produce a new thing or make them existor work together)combine with sthHydrogen combines with oxygen to form water.Combine A with / and BCombine the eggs with/and a little flour.4.be to do 是将来时的表达法之一，主要用法如下：1）表按照计划、安排将要发生的动作。
2019高考英语一轮选训习题Unit4Astronomy：thescienceofthestars(含解析)新人教版必修3
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