外研版高中英语必修4短语(供参考)

Module 1..1.have no alternative but (=have no choice but)除……外别无选择; 只要……2.alternative energy 可代替能源3.an alternative plan 替代方案4.load … with sth. 给…装某物load the truck with coal 给汽车装上煤5.be on fire 着火(强调状态)6.catch fire 失火(强调动作,无被动语态)7.set fire to sth 放火烧某物mand sb to do sth 命令某人做某事mand that… (that从句中要用should+动词原形, should可省略)10.free of charge 免费,不花钱11.in charge of 负责，管理12.in the charge of 由…负责13.take charge of 负责管理,负责照顾14.be charged with…充满15.attach sth to sth 把某物固定/附在某物上16.attach oneself to 参加;和…在一起,缠着17.be attached to…连在…上; 附属于….;系在……上18.attach importance/value to sth.认为某事很重要/有价值19.for sure 肯定地,有把握地20.sb. is sure to do sth 某人一定/肯定做某事21.be sure + that-clause 确信,相信……22.make sure of /about sth 确保……23.make sure + that-clause 确保24.sb. run out of sth 某人用完了某东西25.sth. run out 某物用完了(没有了)26.rely on/upon 依靠,信赖;取决于27.rely on it that…指望…..,对……不怀疑28.get rid of =rid…of 摆脱,丢掉;除去,赶走,消灭29.with + 复合宾语结构,常用的结构形式有:30.①with+宾语+现在分词(强调宾语是现在分词动作的发出者或某状态、动作正在进行)31.②with+宾语+过去分词(强调宾语是过去分词动作的承受者或动作已经发生)32.③with+宾语+形容词(强调宾语的特性和状态)33.④with+宾语+副词34.⑤with+宾语+不定式(不定式动作尚未发生)35.⑥with+宾语+介词短语36.place an order 订购37.carry out an operation 做手术38.be optimistic about….对……乐观的39.be optimistic that…对…..乐观40.in shape 处于良好状态,在形状上41.in the shape of 以….形状;呈……形42.out of shape 变形,走样43.look out of 向……外看44.look out！小心，当心Watch out! ;Be careful!Take care!45.for a start 首先46.to start with = to begin with 首先, 第一47.from the start= from the beginning 从开头, 从开始48.on the way out 即将被淘汰; 即将过时49.on the way n./pron./to doing 即将,来到,接近50.can’t…too或never…too “不可能太….”,“再怎么….也不过分”51.Not all…=All…not…并非所有的Module 21.be on display 展览2.be on show3.be on exhibition4.permit sb to do sth 允许某人做某事5.permit doing sth 允许做某事6.provide sb with sth 为某人提供某物7.provide sth for sb8.sth impress sb 某物给某人留下影响9.sb be impressed by10.impress sth on sb 使某人铭记= impress sb with sth11.sth is impressed on one’s mind某事被印在脑海里12.have/leave/make/ a …impression on sb给某人留下…的印象13.be convenient to sb 对某人方便14.It is convenient for sb 对某人方便15.It is convenient to do sth 做某事方便16.be convenient for sth 对某事方便17.get around=get about 到处旅游;四处走动18.be connected to/with 与…..相连, 接通119.be stuck in 困住,动不了20.get dressed 穿衣get washed 洗脸get lost 迷路get married 结婚get charged 充电get separated 被分散21.in no time 马上,一会儿22.on time 按时23.in time 及时24.once upon a time 从前25.at the same time 与此同时26.at one time 曾经, 一度,从前有个时期27.at no time 决不,在任何时候都不28.be worth doing 值得做…..29.be worth + n. = be worthy of + n30.sth. is worth doing = sth is worthy of being done31.= sth is worthy to be done32.“祈使句+ and +简单句”可以改为if条件句Think hard, and you’ll have an idea. 使劲想，你就会有主意。

= ?33.“祈使句+ or +简单句”也可以改为if条件句Listen to me, or you won’t understand. = ?34.under construction 正在建设之中35.be limited to 局限于…..36.in rush hours 处于交通高峰期37.react to…对…产生反应react with sth. 与某物起（化学）反应38.occur to sb (主意或想法突然)浮现与脑中,被想起,被想到39.It occurs to sb to do sth 某人想到……It occurs to sb that40.have sth done 请别人做某事41.keep cool 保持冷静keep quiet 保持安静keep still 不动keep silent 保持沉默42.no way 肯定不, 没门儿（用于句首时，句子要倒装）Module 31.vary in…在……方面不同2.vary from…to…从…..到……变化3.vary with 随着….而变化,因….而不同4.involve sb in…允许某人参与5.involve oneself in…积极参与……6.be/get involved in…被卷入到….之中7.more than 不仅仅8.more than 100 = over 100 , 超过1009.more than surprised 十分/非常吃惊10.more …than…与其说…不如说…(强调前者)He was more an artist than a writer.11.on guard (保持)警惕;值班,站岗12.on holiday 度假13.on leave 休班14.on duty 值班15.hold up 举起,抬起,承受住,支撑16.hold back 阻挡17.hold on 等会儿, 坚持18.hold down 限制19.hold out 维持20.give away 泄露,出卖,暴露,让步,赠送,捐赠21.give off 发出(烟、光、热、气味等)22.give out 发出;放出(消息、声音等);用完,耗尽23.mind reader 能看透别人心思的人24.make a deal 达成协议,做成交易municate with sb 和某人交流26.be busy with sth 忙于某事27.shake hands with sb 和某人握手28.stare at sb/sth 注视着某人/某物29.stare into the distance 凝视着远方30.request sb to do sth 要求某人做某事31.request that sb (should) do…要求某人做某事32.make a request for…要求…..33.at the request of sb 应某人的请求= at sb’s request34.by request(of) 按要求35.do sb a favour 帮某人一个忙36.ask sb a favour 请某人帮个忙37.in favour of 赞成38.do sb a favor = do a favor for sb 帮某人的忙39.lift up 举起;太高;吊起40.①up and down 上上下下②up and down 前前后后= back and forth= backwards and forwards③up and down 处处= here and there④up and down 来来往往2= to and from41.by accident 偶然地,无意地42.Module 41.experiment with sth. 用某物实验2.experiment on sth. 对某物进行实验3.carry outperformconduct an experiment 做实验domake4.make a breakthrough 取得重大突破(进展)5.convert A into/to B 把A转换成B6.take the place of = replace 取代,代替7.in place of 取代,代替(介词短语)8.instead of 代替,而不是(介词短语)9. a quantity of + 不可数名词,谓语动词用单数10.quantities of+可数名词复数,谓语动词用复数11.quantities of+不可数名词,谓语动词用复数12.bring up 抚育;教养,呕吐,提出(话题等)13.bring down 降低14.bring about 导致,引起15.bring back 归还;恢复;回想16.bring in 赚(钱);带进;传入17.search for 寻找18.search sb/sp 搜查某人或某地19.in search of 寻求/寻找……20.as a result of 由于…..的结果21.as a result 因此,结果22.owing to23.thanks to 由于…24.due tobecause of25.the key to………的关键the answer to the question 问题的答案notes to the text 课文注释an end to the meeting 会议的结束the entrance to the building 大厦的入口26.export sth to 出口某物到……27.the second most important 第二重要的28.be interested in…对……感兴趣29.graduate from….. 从…..(地方)毕业30.escape from (out of)+sp. 从某地逃脱;逃走31.escape from reality 逃避现实32.have a narrow escape 九死一生33. a fire escape 紧急出口;安全门34.clear up (天气)放晴;整理;收拾35.be known for 因…..而出名/闻名36.be known an 以……而知名,著称be known to 为……所知37.earn one’s living 谋生38.= make a livingget/gain a living 谋生比较：live/lead a…life 过着…..的生活e to power 掌权;执政40.take power 取得政权41.in power 当权,执政42.out of one’s power 不能胜任,力所不及= beyond one’s power43.It is possible that…. 可能……44.It’s certain that... 一定…….=sb/sth is certain to doIt’s certain that you’ll succeed. = ?45.It’s likely that……可能…..=sb/sth is likely to doIt’s likely that he is doing his homework. = ？46.It seems that 好像……=sb/sth seems to doIt seems that he knows the secret. =?35. at war 在交战中36. be diagnosed with 被诊断出…, 患有…37. become the voice of 成为…的代言人38. partly because of 一部分因为Module 51.surround sb with sb 用某人包围某人be surrounded by sb 被某人所包围in the surrounding 在周围环境2. a narrow escape 九死一生3.in the distance 在远处,在远方from a distance 从一定距离,从远处at a distance 在一定距离处,隔一段距离keep sb at a distance 对某人冷淡;与某人保持距离4.at the edge of 在……的边缘（侧重于在边缘点上）on the edge of 在…边缘上（侧重在边缘较广阔的地域）5.at least = at the least 至少6.not in the least = not all 一点也不7.at most = at the most 至多38.be heavy with 有大量的9.make a detour 绕道而行10.have four weeks off 休四周假11.go through 穿过;经历12.forbid sb to do sth 禁止某人做某事13.forbid doing sth 禁止做某事14.require to do sth 要求去做某事15.require sb to do sth 要求某人去做某事16.require that sb (should) do sth 要求某人做某事17.sth require doing 某物需要被做= sth require to be done18.on a spot 在现场,当场19.rip off 敲竹杠;敲诈20.rip sth off 偷窃,盗取21.get a kick out of 从……中得到乐趣22.enjoy doing 喜欢干…..23.be fond of 喜欢…..24.go in for 爱好,从事Module 61.attack sb with sth 用某物攻击某人2.be attacked with a disease 患/害病3.make an attack on/upon 对…发动攻击4. a heart attack 心脏病突发e into existence 开始存在;形成;成立6. a struggle for existence 生存竞争7.calm down (使)安静下来8.sb. is unlikely to…某人不可能9.It is unlikely that…不可能……10.be likely to... 可能……11.be related to 与…有关,与…有联系12.relate sth to sth 把…..与……联系起来13.There happens to be…碰巧有……14.There appears to be…似乎有……15.There seems to be…好像有16.have the fortune (luck) to do sth幸好(幸运)做某事17.make a fortune 发财18.try one’s fortune 碰碰运气19.die out (家族、物种)灭绝;灭亡;(习俗等)渐渐消失(火)逐渐熄灭20.throw light on 帮助弄清楚;阐明某事e to light 暴露,被发现,表现出来22.bring to light 让人知道,公布于世e straight to the point 谈正题;开门见山24.beside/off the point 不切正题,无关紧要25.to the point 切题,中肯26.be on the point of 正要27.go for 适用于,应用于;喜欢,偏爱28.adapt oneself to 使自己适应于……29.according to 根据30.be connected with 与…..有关系31.in order to = so as to 为了本模块重点语法一．情态动词+ have + p.p. 用法归纳1.must have done sth. 肯定做了某事(表示对过去的某事做出肯定的判断) He knew the film. He must have seen it.2. may/might have done 可能/大概已经做了某事（表示对过去情况的可能性推测）Tom may have bought a new pen because I don’t see the old one..3. can’t/ couldn’t have done sth. 不可能已经做了某事（表示对过去情况的否定性推测）The ground is dry, so it can’t have rained last night.4. should have done sth. 过去应该做某事（而没做）= ought to have done sthYou are late. You should have come 1 minute earlier. 5. shouldn’t have done sth. 过去不该做某事（却做了）= oughtn’t to have done sth.She is crying. You shouldn’t have told her the sad news.6. could have done sth. 本来能够做（却没有做某事）7. needn’t have done sth. 原来不必做某事（却已经做了）Tom has bought a new pen. You needn’t have lent him your pen.8. would rather have done sth. 本来想做某事（却未做成）I would rather have come to help you with your English, but I was too busy at that time.二、情态动词表推测的其他用法1、情态动词+ 动词原形表示对现在或将来情况的推测2、情态动词+ be doing表示对现在或将来正在进行的情况进行推测3、情态动词+ have been doing表示对过去正在发生的事情的推测4。