2017-2018学年高中英语 Unit 22 Environmental Protection S
高中英语 Unit22 Environmental Protection
单元检测(一)Ⅰ.语言知识及应用(共两节，总分值45分)第一节完形填空(共15小题；每题2分，总分值30分)阅读下面短文，把握其大意，然后从1～15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最正确选项。
It may be difficult to understand nonverbal(非语言的) messages because different cultures have different expectations about eye contact，physical __1__，body gestures，etc..Let’s consider eye contact.Children from many Latin American and Asian __2__ show respect by avoiding the glance of important persons.A teacher who’s unfamiliar with this，however，might consider the lack of eye contact as a sign of __3__.For many American Indian children，looking a teacher in the eye and answering her question in front of the class is “showing off”．Culture greatly __4__ attitudes towards physical contact，whether it’s a handshake，hug，or pat on the back.In Asia，female friends __5__ hold hands and men casually(随意地) hug one another as they walk down the street.Americans，however，may feel __6__ with such public behavior.In some Asian cultures，affectionately patting an adult’s head is strictly taboo(禁忌的)，although it can be acceptable behavior between adults and young children.How __7__ should people stand to each other when they’re having a conversation？In areas of the Middle East and South America，people stand very close when __8__.European Americans like to have more distance between them，while some African Americans __9__ even more space.You can __10__ great discomfort by standing too close to another person.Not being __11__ of this can even prevent someone from understanding or __12__ the ideas you’re trying to get across.To create a positive environment for communication，your nonverbal message must closely __13__ your verbal message.One way to do this is to carefully observe how children and families speak and __14__ around each other and with people they respect.This can __15__ clues(线索) about the true meaning of their nonverbal interactions.1．A.exercise B．touchC．education D．strength2．A.schools B．villagesC．homelands D．cultures3．A.disrespect B．ideaC．danger D．disappointment4．A.influences B．guaranteesC．arranges D．indicates5．A.never B．oftenC．seldom D．sometimes6．A.pleased B．comfortableC．mad D．uncomfortable7．A.far B．highC．properly D．close8．A.talking B．eatingC．waiting D．listening9．A.hate B．preferC．wish D．dream10．A.change B．expectC．create D．accept11．A.afraid B．ashamedC．proud D．aware12．A.suggesting B．consideringC．refusing D．accepting13．A.pass B．explainC．match D．prepare14．A.talk B．behaveC．use D．look15．A.provide B．supportC．prove D．search第二节语法填空(共10小题；每题1.5分，总分值15分)阅读下面短文，依照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或利用括号中词语的正确形式填空。
高中 英语 Unit 22 Environmental
高中英语 Unit 22 Environmental（考试总分：100 分考试时间： 120 分钟）一、阅读理解（本题共计 10 小题，每题 10 分，共计100分）1、According to the Guinness Book of World Records, a Sitka Spruce, growing on New Zealand’s southernmost island, is the loneliest and most distant tree on Earth. Not only is it the only tree on Campbell Island, but the nearest other tree can be found over 200 kilometers away.Located (位于) about 700 km south of Bluff, Campbell Island is one of the harshest places in the world. With strong winds blowing almost all year round, less than 600 hours of sunshine and only 40 days per year without rain, it’s not exactly a perfect place to live.It is believed that this Sitka Spruce was planted by Lord Ranfurly, a former governor of New Zealand, sometime between 1901 and 1907. According to some sources, he realized that the environment was too bad, so he took the first step to cover it in forest. His idea was never going to work because of the terrible climate of the area.Apart from being the loneliest tree on Earth, the Sitka Spruce of Campbell Island has a series of other particularities. First of all, its shape makes it look more like a huge cauliflower (花椰菜) than a tree. This is believed to have been caused by the repeated cutting every year, for decades. Luckily, no one has been cutting the tree down over the last six decades and it has grown to a height of over 10 meters.Another interesting thing about the world’s loneliest tree is that, though it is over 100 years old, it has never produced cones (球果), which suggests the tree has remained in a permanently young state.The Sitka Spruce of Campbell Island was recently in the news for helping researchers make sure that the Earth has entered an entirely new age, the Anthropocene (人类世).Who knew a lonely tree growing 200 km away from its nearest cousins could be so interesting?203. What makes the Sitka Spruce set a world record?A. Its height.B. Its old age.C. Its special shape.D. Its location.204. What does the underlined word “harshest” in paragraph 2 probably mea n?A. Farthest.B. Hardest.C. Loneliest.D. Hottest.205. Why did Lord Ranfurly plant Sitka Spruces on the Campbell Island?A. To improve this place.B. To experiment with the tree.C. In memory of his achievement.D. To help with researchers’ study.206. What affected the shape of the Sitka Spruce according to the text?A. Strong winds.B. Animals’ eating.C. People’s cutting.D. Poor soil.2、The similarities between elephant and human behavior has been a curiosity to scientists worldwide. These huge beasts are not so different from us. Their devotion to their family is just as powerful as the friendships between humans. In order to prevent future elephant attacks, people must first understand the similarities between elephants and themselves.Because deaths are felt so deeply in elephants, memories of people harming or killing other members are not forgotten. Due to the Uganda-Tanzania War in Africa, poaching (偷猎) elephant increased during the 1970’s and continued, despite government restrictions. However, ecologists like Eve Abe did not see this as simple poaching; they saw it as a “mass destruction. “Elephants that have witnessed the murder of a matriarch, are more likely to become violent and attack humans. Many aggressive elephants do not act without reason; they are suffering from Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). At a young age, humans invade their life, kill their parents, and ultimately destroy their peaceful environment. More and more calves live neglected lives without a mother figure, and have to become a parent early for survival. Humans that had a difficult childhood or early family life also suffer from aggression and pain. Young elephants have been known to have “nightmares,” waking up suddenly and screaming. These are clearly signs of stress, as males grow up to be increasingly hostile (敌对的) humans and target certain villages where painful experiences had occurred.Although many see elephants as massive, violent, and simple-minded animals, their social structure is not unlike many human societies. Humans and elephants have been on parallel paths. However, if people continue practicing ignorance over the cruel treatment of these creatures, then collision will become inevitable. Cruel treatment of elephants still goes on, but by understanding the similarities between us, it can be stopped.69. In order to stop the hostile behavior of elephants, people should lay emphasis on ______.A. stopping harming or killing the group members of elephantsB. understand the similarities between elephants and humansC. taking good care of the young elephantsD. carrying out the government restrictions70. What does the underlined word “matriarch” mean?A. young elephant.B. male elephant.C. strong elephant.D. mother elephant.71. What can we infer from the passage?A. Young elephants will grow up to be violent easily.B. Humans and elephants have the same social structure.C. Sometimes young elephants are forced to grow up.D. Elephants attack villages when painful experiences occur. 72. Why should we take good care of the young kids? A. Because early family life counts.B. Because they will be aggressive when grown up.C. Because humans and elephants are on parallel paths.D. Because signs of stress have to be stopped.3、Since people first launched rockets into space in the 1950s, we have been leaving behind all sorts of things. Some of them, like the camera, were lost by astronauts while they did work outside their spacecraft. But much of the space junk is made up of little pieces of things that were once bigger objects, until they struck eachother and broke apart.Some things we send into space fall back toward Earth and burn up in the atmosphere. But larger pieces sometimes survive the extreme heat and hit the ground or the ocean at great speeds. So there is always concern that something may fall from the sky and do some harm.But space junk falling on roofs is not the biggest worry. Scientists are concerned about the “Kessler” problem. Imagine what happens when an empty rocket strikes another while orbiting the earth. Two big things become many smaller things. They then hit other things. The pieces get smaller and smaller until they form a cloud of junk that blocks the path of future space vehicles.Marco Castronuovo, an Italian Space Agency researcher, says launching a satellite into space that would get very close to some of the larger pieces of space junk. The satellite would connect a small rocket to the useless object. When the rocket explodes, it pushes the junk into a lower and slower orbit, nearer the Earth. After a time, the junk burns up in the atmosphere. Mr. Castronuovo has proposed using a number of smallsatellites with robotic arms. One arm would catch the space junk, and another arm would connect the rocket. He imagines that each satellite could jump from one large piece of junk to another. He thinks this method could destroy about ten large objects each year.Scientists have been concerned about space junk for many years. Right now, the costs of the clean-up have been too great. Mr. Castronuovo says his system could be put in place for a much more reasonable amount of money. So what can be done to clean up the space around our planet? 89. We can learn from the text that much of the space junk ______. A. was left by the astronauts on purpose B. is mainly made up of broken spaceship C. is usually made of small pieces of things D. burns up before it reaches the atmosphere90. Now scientists are most worried that space junk will ______. A. harm the future space vehicles B. do some harm to the atmosphere C. fall on people's house roofs D. destroy the habitat of wildlife91. It implies in the last but one paragraph that ______. A. clearing up the space will actually cost littleB. small rockets also do harm to the atmosphereC. only robots can clear up the space completelyD. it is still difficult for us to clear up the space 92. What is the text mainly about?A. Space junk threatens earth's orbital environment.B. Scientists use different methods to clear up space junk.C. Spacecrafts will meet with a lot of space junk in the future.D. Marco comes up with many methods to deal with space junk.4、Plants are living things. So can they feel pain? Plants don ’t feel pain the same way animals and people do,says Anke Steppuhn. She is a scientist at the Free University of Berlin in Germany. “What we define as pain usually has to do with a nervous system, ” Steppuhn explains . When you put your hand too close to a hot stove, nerve cells send a signal to your brain. Your brain decodes (解码) that signal as pain. This causes you to pull your hand away before any serious damage is done.Plants don’t have nerves or brains, so they can’t feel pain like we do. “But plants do recognize when something is hurting them,” Steppuhn says. Because they are rooted to the ground, they can’t escape a dangerous situation. So they need other ways of fighting back.The biggest threat to a plant’s life is getting eaten. Some plants grow sharp little hairs. Other plants produce bad －tasting or even harmful chemicals. These force an attacker to abandon its meal. A plant called bittersweet nightshade does something even smarter, Steppuhn found. When a slug (蛞蝓) chews holes in a nightshade’s leaf, liquid begins dripping (滴) around the wound. It is almost as if the plant were bleeding. The liquid is sugary nectar (花蜜), and it happens to be a favorite food of ants. In their effort to collect the nectar, the ants swarm (蜂拥而至) all over the injured plant. They will attack anything that stands in their way. That includes the slug that damaged the plant in the first place. It’s a very clever trick. Whenever a slug attacks a plant, the plant calls an army of ants to kill the slug.Nectar isn’t the only way plants attract bodyguards. They also release certain chemicals into the air when they are being eaten. People usually can’t detect these smells. But wasps (黄蜂) can. When a wasp detects this cry for help, it races to the scene of the crime. If it finds the right kind of insect chewing down on the plant, the wasp will interrupt the attacker’s meal. It will do this by laying eggs inside the insect’s body!5. Why do plants feel pain differently from us?A. They don’t know whether they’re hurt.B. They face different kinds of danger.C. They don’t have nervous systems.D. They have slow response to pain.6. What does the underlined word “They” in Paragraph 3 refer to?A. Ants.B. Slugs.C. Plants.D. Wasps.7. Why do some plants need wasps?A. To help them call bodyguards.B. To keep them safe from attackers.C. To let wasps lay eggs on their leaves.D. To let their smells spread into the air.8. What is the text mainly about?A. How plants feel pain.B. How plants attract insects.C. How plants defend themselves.D. How plants attack small animals.5、For more than twenty years scientists have been searching for signs of life on other planets. Most of these searches have been done over the radio. The hope is that someone in outer space may be trying to get in touch with us. Scientists also have sent radio and television messages on spaceships traveling through space, on the chance that someone may be receptive to such messages.Scientists are using powerful radio telescope to listen to signals from about 1,000 stars, all within 100 light years of earth. In addition, they will scan (扫视) the entire sky to “listen” for radio messages from more distant stars. Using a computer, they will be able to monitor more than eight channels at one time. Scientists are looking for any signal that stands out from the background noise.Of the 200 billion stars in the Milky Way galaxy, scientists find that five percent are like our sun. Perhaps half of them have a planet like earth. Such a planet would be a reasonable distance from the star for temperatures to be right for the evolution (进化) of life. Based on the inhabitable (that can be lived in) planets in our galaxy, most scientists agree that chances are likely that one or more of these planets support some life.However, many scientists wonder whether intelligent life exists on other planets. Some believe that twenty years of searching without any intelligible messages shows that no one is out there. They say that the evolution of intelligence comparable to ours is unlikely.Other scientists believe that our search hasn’t been long enough to rule out the possibility that intelligent life exists in our galaxy. Although our sun family in only about five billion years old, our galaxy is about 20 billion years old. In that time, some scientists think it is likely that civilizations are much more advanced than ours. Perhaps these civilizations send us no signals; perhaps we have not recognized the signals they have sent us. If we hope to find intelligent life, these scientists believe that we have to keep looking.26. According to the passage, how many planets in our galaxy might be inhabitable?A. 15 billion.B. 10 billion.C. 5 billionD. 200 billion27. The first paragraph in this passage is mainly about ______.A. why scientists are looking for signs of life on other planetsB. how scientists are looking for signs of life on other planetsC. where scientists are looking for signs of life on other planetsD. when scientists are looking for signs of life on other planets28. The underlined word “monitor” in the passage means “______”.A. findB. followC. formD. check29. Which of these statements is True based on the information in the passage?A. Scientists are trying different ways to find signs of life on other planets.B. Most scientists believe that there is intelligent life on other planets.C. The earth is one of the oldest planets in our galaxy.D. Scientists don’t believe that there might be life on other planets.6、Do you ever wonder why trees begin to bud (发芽) earlier in some cities? Scientists finally found the answer but it’s not very pleasant. New science suggests a relationship between light pollution and the timing when trees produce buds, which signals the arrival of the spring season.Light pollution is defined by the Lighting Research Center as the unwanted consequence of outdoor lighting such as street lights. Excessive (过多的) man-made light at night results in disturbed natural cycles, and also prevents the observation of stars and planets at night. But its effect on the environment goes beyond that.By studying some trees, researchers found out that trees that are more exposed to artificial lighting at night bud up to 7. 5 days earlier than those at the natural nighttime setting. And they found out that light had a more significant effect than temperature when the buds came out. The early budding may cause problems for insects, which feed on leaves, and the birds which then feed on them in turn. Professor Richard, who helped lead the research, explained that more than the budding of trees, the study implies the danger to the balance of the ecosystem. “At the moment, caterpillars (毛毛虫) are timed to hatch to make the most of the opportunities to feed on freshly budded leaves, and birds hatch in time to feed on the young caterpillar, ” he said.Migratory (迁徙的) birds are also negatively affected by light pollution. The glare might confuse them and make them lose their flying sense. The phenomenon might explain why some birds accidentally knock into buildings.Such results stress the need to pursue studies that aim to measure the effect of light pollution. If the issue were left to continue, it is estimated that by 2100, spring would begin almost a full month earlier than it does today. 184. What will happen if there is too much man-made light?A. People’s eyesight will be damaged.B. The ecosystem will likely lose its balance.C. No stars or planets may be observed at night.D. Animals’ living habits may change suddenly.185. How does the early budding affect insects or plants?A. It will cause the rising number of insects.B. It could lead to trees growing fewer leaves.C. It may result in some insects going hungry.D. It might push insects to hatch more slowly.186. What does the author want to tell us in the last paragraph?A. The effect of light pollution is destructive.B. The spring of 2100 will become much longer.C. Light pollution should be taken seriously.D. A further study on light pollution is scheduled.187. What is the suitable title for the passage?A. Why spring comes earlier in some citiesB. Why light pollution needs to be studiedC. How trees’ early budding takes placeD. How much light is “too much”7、Do you know why different animals or pests (害虫) have their special colors? Colors in them seem to be used mainly to protect themselves.Some birds like eating locusts (蝗虫), but birds cannot easily catch them. Why? It is because locusts change their colors together with the change of the colors of crops. When crops are green, locusts look green. But as the harvest time comes, locusts change to the same brown color as crops have. Some other pests with different colors from plants are easily found and eaten by others. So they have to hide themselves for lives and appear only at night.If you study the animal life, you’ll find the main use of coloring is to protect themselves. Bears, lions and other animals move quietly through forests. They cannot be easily seen by hunters. This is because they have the colors much like the trees. They can often hide in the trees and catch some other little animals.Have you ever noticed an even stranger act? A kind of fish in the sea can send out a kind of very black liquid when it faces danger. While the liquid spreads over, its enemies cannot find it, and it immediately swims away. So it has lived up to now though it is not strong at all.49. From the passage we learn that locusts ______.A. are small animalsB. are easily found by birdsC. change their colors to protect themselvesD. are dangerous to their enemies50. How can pests with different colors from plants keep out of danger?A. They run away quickly.B. Their colors much like their enemies.C. They have to move quietly.D. They hide themselves by day and appear at night.51. Bears and lions can keep safe because they ______.A. like brown and gray colors.B. live in forests.C. have the colors much like the trees.D. move quietly.52. Which is the best title for this passage?A. The Change of Colors for Animals and PestsB. The Main Use of Colors for Animals and PestsC. Colors of Different Animals and PestsD. Some Animals and Pests8、Climate change will increase US wildfires, and the smoky air will cause terrible problems in areas far beyond those burned, reports an environmental group Thursday.Two-thirds of Americans, or nearly 212 million, lived in states suffering from wildfire smoke three years ago, according to the report by the Natural Resources Defense Council (NRDC). These areas, which had smoke for at least a week, were nearly 50 times greater than those burned directly by fire.“It affects a much wide area of the United States than people have realized.” says author Kim Knowlton, a Columbia University health professor, adding the smoke can move up to hundreds of miles. She says the smoke contains air pollution and can cause several kinds of diseases.Texas was hit hardest in 2011, when smoke stayed for at least a week in areas that are home to 25 million people, according to NRDC’s report. Illinois, which recorded no wildfires within its borders, came second with nearly 12 million people affected by smoke that moved in from elsewhere. The other eight states with the most people in touch with smoky air were, in descending order: Florida, Missouri, Georgia, Louisiana, Michigan, Alabama, Oklahoma and Iowa.Nearly two dozen states had no wildfires within their borders in 2011, but eight of them still had at least one week of smoky air: Illinois, Missouri，Iowa, Kansas, Nebraska, Indiana, Wisconsin and Ohio.Only 18 states and the District of Columbia had no people in touch with at least a week of smoke that year, although five of them—Alaska, California, Hawaii, Nevada and Utah—had a large area burned by wildfires.The problem will only get worse. Knowlton says. Scientific research shows climate is causing higher temperatures and health problems.219. We can learn from the first two paragraphs that ______.A. climate change killed many AmericansB. there are fewer states burned by wildfiresC. every state had wildfire smoke for at least a weekD. most Americans suffered from wildfire smoke 3 year ago220. Which of the following states had wildfires within its borders in 2011?A. Iowa.B. Kansas.C. Ohio.D. California.221. The underlined word “descending” in the fourth paragraph probably means ______.A. going downB. coming trueC. looking practicalD. turning back222. What is the text mainly about?A. Climate change causes more wildfires.B. Wildfire smoke becomes a serious health problem.C. More wildfires cause climate changes.D. Air pollution becomes a terrible problem.9、Many of us love July because it’s the month when nature’s berries and stone fruits are in abundance. These colourful and sweet jewels form British Columbia’s fields are little powerhouses of nutritional protection.Of the common berries, strawberries are highest in vitamin C, although, because of their seeds, raspberries contain a little more protein (蛋白质), iron and zinc (not that fruits have much protein). Blueberries are particularly high in antioxidants (抗氧化物质). The yellow and orange stone fruits such as peaches are high in the carotenoids we turn into vitamin A and which are antioxidants. As for cherries (樱桃), they are so delicious who cares? However, they are rich in vitamin C.When combined with berries of slices of other fruits, frozen bananas make an excellent base for thick, cooling fruit shakes and low fat “ice cream”. For this purpose, select ripe bananas for freezing as they are much sweeter. Remove the skin and place them in plastic bags or containers and freeze. If you like, a squeeze of fresh lemon juice on the bananas will prevent them turning brown. Frozen bananas will last several weeks, depending on their ripeness and the temperature of the freezer.If you have a juicer, you can simply feed in frozen bananas and some berrie s or sliced fruit. Out comes a “soft-serve” creamy dessert, to be eaten right away. This makes a fun activity for a children’s party; they love feeding the fruit and frozen bananas into the top of the machine and watching the ice cream come out below.67. Why is fresh lemon juice used in freezing bananas?A. To make them smell better.B. To keep their colour.C. To speed up their ripening.D. To improve their nutrition.68. What is “a juicer” in the last paragraph?A. A dessert.B. A drink.C. A container.D. A machine.69. From which is the text probably taken?A. A biology textbook.B. A health magazine.C. A research paper.D. A travel brochure.70. What does the author seem to like about cherries?A. They contain protein.B. They are high in vitamin A.C. They have a pleasant taste.D. They are rich in antioxidants.10、Colorado officials will stick to a plan to kill some mountain lions and bears to support the state’s dropping mule deer (长耳鹿) population.Wednesday’s vote permits organizations to kill up to 25 black bears and 15 mountain lions per year in the central and western parts of the state. The project will run for three years, to be followed by a six-year study of how deer populations respond to fewer predators (捕食者).The population of Colorado’s mule deer has suffered a puzzling, years-long drop to about 450,000, which state officials said was about 110,000 fewer than there should be. A 2014 state study tied it to seven causes, including predators, whose number has greatly increased in recent years.Some experts, however, said the state should focus first on the human-led destruction (破坏) of mule deer habitat (栖息地). “The drop of the mule deer population is obviously not a simple problem with simple causes,”Brian Kurzel, director of the National Wildlife Federation, said. “By far, the greatest problem—the one that I think deserves the most attention in any science-based study—is habitat quantity and quality.”Kurzel pointed out that the U. S Bureau of Land Management recently agreed to create 15,000 new oil and gas wells somewhere in western Cororado, which was often called “the mule-deer factory”. There, the number of mule deer has fallen to about 30,000 from more than 100,000 in the early 1980s. Though state officials have known oil and gas development affects the population of mule deer, they didn’t go against the plan.Other causes like building highways, population growth and human activities are also curbing the mule deer population, according to the study.State Parks and Wildlife officials don’t necessarily disagree. They started a $4. 5 million program as a way to gather research for later decisions. 71. Why do Colorado officials want to have so many mountain lions and bears killed?A. To stop them hurting people.B. To leave more habitat for mule deer.C. To stop the mule deer population from dropping.D. To help researchers carry out a three-year-long study.72. What is the most important in protecting mule deer according to Brian Kurzel?A. Protecting their habitat.B. Providing enough food for them.C. Reducing the number of their predators.D. Asking the government to make an effort.73. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “curbing” in the last but one paragraph?A. limiting.B. ensuring.C. increasing.D. protecting.74. What do State Parks and Wildlife official mean in the last paragraph?A. Decisions will be made in one year.B. Habitat loss is the main cause of the drop.C. Human activities aren’t responsible for the drop.D. It’s too early to say what exactly caused the drop.一、阅读理解（本题共计 10 小题，每题 10 分，共计100分）1、【答案】DBAC【解析】这是一篇说明文。
高中英语《Unit 22 Environmental Protection》Section Ⅲ Co
Section ⅢCommunication WorkshopⅠ.单词拼写1．Our aunt adopted (收养) an orphan in the earthquake.2．It was very considerate (体贴) of him to wait for you.3．We haven't really calculated (计算) the cost of the vocation yet.4．They intend to allocate (分配) more places to students this year.5．He plugged (塞住) the hole in the pipe with an old rag.6．Take it carefully for it is a box of fragile (易碎的) glass.7．Most of the girls are not interested in politics (政治)．8．When the peaches are mature (成熟), they taste sweet.Ⅱ.单项填空1．Despite the short stay in this country, he has soon ________ himself to the new environment.A．attended B．adoptedC．adapted D．admitted解析：选C。
句意：尽管他在这个国家待的时间很短，但他很快地适应了新环境。
adapt oneself to sth.“使自己适应……”，符合语境。
2．— It was ________ of Jack to turn off the radio when I was sleeping in the bedroom.— So he was.A．reasonable B．sensibleC．considerate D．generous解析：选C。
高中英语Unit22EnvironmentalProtectionSectionⅢReadingⅡL
高中英语Unit22EnvironmentalProtectionSectionⅢReadingⅡLes son2&Lesson3教案含解析北师大版选修8092913 Section ⅢReading(Ⅱ)(Lesson 2 & Lesson 3)Ⅰ.匹配下列单词的词性及汉语意思( )1.seize A．adj.巨大的( )2.behalf B．n.尘土，灰尘( )3.rough C．adj.在近海岸的( )4.catastrophe D．vt.依法没收；夺取( )5.means E．n.代表( )6.shabby F．adj.艰难的( )7.flee G．n.巨大的灾难( )8.dust H．n.方法( )9.grand I．v.逃走( )10.offshore J．adj.破烂的[答案]1－5 DEFGH 6－10 JIBACⅡ.选择下列句中词组的汉语意思A.永远B.否则C.导致D.除……以外E.夺走F.总的来说( )1.Natural disasters and human activities have resulted in the decline.( )2.The room was empty apart from one man seated beside the fire.( )3.We both thought that all in all it might not be a bad idea.( )4.I didn't know that he was a cheat，or else I wouldn't have believed him.( )5.Once an opportunity slips away, it has gone for good and ever.( )6.Who's carried off the first prize in the contest?[答案]1－6 CDFBAENature is turning on usThe last few years have seen① environmental disasters on a grand scale(规模), and experts are predicting far worse to come.Jin Li reports on our Earth's changeable weather patterns.大自然对我们的报复最近几年里不乏大规模的环境灾难，专家们预测更为严重的灾难即将发生。
20162017学年高中英语Unit22EnvironmentalProtectionSection
Unit 22 Environmental Protection Section Ⅴ Language Awareness 7，Culture Corner & Bulletin BoardⅠ.单词拼写1．I ________(释放) the fox and it ran away.答案：released2．________(海洋的) creatures also should be protected.答案：Marine3．Titanic is said to be sunk by a huge ________(冰山)．答案：iceberg4．The________(气氛) changed as soon as she walked in.答案：atmosphere5．She was in Mexico City when the ________(灾难) happened.答案：disasterⅡ.单句语法填空1.Every________I called the number，I got a busy signal，________made me ata loss.答案：time；which2．The computer was used in teaching.As a result，not only was teachers’ energy ________(save)，but students became________(much) interested in the lessons.答案：saved；more3．Mr White ______________(arrive) at 8：00 for the meeting，but he didn’t show up.答案：should have arrived4．Rather than ________(take) a crowded bus，I would prefer ________(walk)．答案：take；to walk5．It ________(estimate) that more than one third of the population in the area don’t have access________ the necessary h ealth service.答案：is estimated；to6．At the end of every month，a meeting________(hold) to discuss the next month’s work plan.答案：is held7．It’s________(legal) to read people’s private letters without permission.答案：illegal8．Meanwhile，I am sending Mr Smith，one of our inspectors，________(assess) how well the system works.答案：to assessⅢ.完成句子1．你本应该告诉我真相。
(高中北师大版)Unit 22 Environmental Protection
to sacrifice 30 minutes of online time a day to head for the great outdoors. 我们国家正在发起一个活动，鼓励孩子们每天从上网的时间里抽出 30 分钟亲近大自然。
5．advocate vt.主张，提倡 n．提倡者，拥护者
(1)advocate (doing) sth.
提倡/拥护/支持(做)某事
背词条 advocate that ...
主张……[从句谓语动词用
用法
(should＋)动词原形]
(2)be an advocate of/for
……的提倡者/拥护者
2．reserve vt.储备；保存；保留；预订，预约 n．保护区；储备
背 (1)reserve sth.for sb./sth.
为某人/某物保留、预订某物
词 be reserved for
留作，(专)供……之用
条 (2)in reserve
贮存；备用
用 (3)make a reservation (of)
危害 使困住 原则，道德准则 超出 声称 有关的 巧合 迫使(某人)陷于不幸的境地 牺牲；献出
10． advocate vt. 11． recycle vt. 12．substitute n. 13． seize vt. 14． behalf n. 15． arm vt. 16． means n. 17． flee vt.& vi. 18． potential n. 19． finance n.
(四)背高频单词——先“记牢”再“用活”，不背绝对不行
高中英语Unit22EnvironmentalProtectionSectionⅠReading(Ⅰ)(Warm_up
Unit 22 Environmental Protection索取，索取，再索取。
孩子和母亲的关系似乎永远都是这一种形式。
人类和自然母亲的关系又何尝不是如此呢？Nature Is Our MotherTake.Take.Take.The relationship between a child and a mother always seems to follow such a pattern.Like a child endlessly asking，we humans，throughout history，have been continually demanding what we desirefrom nature.We enjoy the comfort and beauty of our furniture，yet we neverbother to think about the serious soil erosion caused by deforestation.We take it for granted that we must warm ourselves in winter times，yet we seldom realize all the prosperity from the development of modern industry，yet few would give the slightest consideration to the global air and water pollution caused by industrial wastes.Our ruthless exploitation has permanently impaired our mother earth.Now，standing here at the threshold of the 21st century，we cannot help thinking of our posterity (后代)．Nature is not only the mother of the present generation，but also the mother of the generations to come.How severely our posterity will criticize us if weleave them a barren and lifeless mother？How much more they will appreciate us if we give them a world of harmony to inherit？Let us start respecting and caring for nature from now on.Let us start the campaign of creating a mutually (互利的) beneficial relationship between people and nature right from this moment.With this new start，we have no reason to doubt that our children，and our children's children will live in a brand new age of green trees，clean air，crystal water，blue sky and an even more promising world![阅读障碍词]1．deforestation n．滥伐森林2．take it for granted(that) 认为……是，理所当然3．prosperity n.繁荣；兴旺，昌盛4．at the threshold of 在……的开始5．inherit vt.&vi. 继承1．What will be caused with the development of modern industry?The global air and water pollution will be caused by industrial wastes.2．What will we do if we want our next generation to appreciate us?We try to give them a world of harmony to inherit.Section ⅠReading(Ⅰ) (Warmup & Lesson 1)Ⅰ.匹配下列单词的词性及汉语意思( )1.trap A．vt.提倡，主张( )2.principle B．vt.迫使(某人)陷入不幸的境地( )3.consensus C．n.代替品，代用品( )4.beyond D．vt.使困住( )5.relevant E．n.原则，道德准则( )6.coincidence F．prep.超出……的控制( )7.condemn G．n.一致的意见( )8.sacrifice H．adj.有关的( )9.advocate I．n．巧合( )10.substitute J．vt.&n.牺牲；献出[答案] 1－5 DEGFH 6－10 IBJACⅡ.选择下列句中词组的汉语意思( )2.I'm trying to look ahead at what might happen and be ready to handle it.( )3.The firemen took action immediately to stop the forest fire spreading.( )4.The flood came about as a result of the heavy spring rains.( )5.He asked each of them in turn three questions.( )6.Their lack of training could put members of the public at risk.[答案] 1－6 FCEADBCan we take the heat?In the last few decades①， scientists have reached consensus and reported that human beings are causing changes in the Earth's climate—something previously seen as beyond our control.They claim(声称) that in the last 50 years, gases pumped into the Earth's atmosphere by the factories and vehicles have been speeding up the process of global warming and affecting our climate.Looking ahead, scientists believe that global warming could be one of the biggest environmental problems facing the 21st century②.But what exactly is global warming, why is it seen as a danger, and how is it relevant to our lives？我们受得了这么热吗？在过去的几十年里，科学家一致认为，人类正在造成地球气候的变化——这是一种原来被认为是超出我们控制能力的现象。
高中英语北师大版高二下册《unit 22 environmental protection 知识点》
完成句子 ⑥ By means of controlled release, I can deliver my books to some specific persons. 通过定向发放,我能把我的书送给一些特别的人。 ⑦The car is a convenient means of transport , and we have made it our way of life. 汽车是一种方便的交通工具, 我们已经使它成为我们的生活 方式。 ⑧Sometimes by no means can we express ourselves by means of words. 有时我们并不能用言语来表达我们的感情。
⑧If asked to look after luggage for someone else, inform the police at once. ⑨Sarah Thomas is looking forward to her new A-level course. (202X课标全国Ⅲ语法填空) ⑩I wish you wouldn't look down on this kind of work.
完成句子 ④His daughter is lovely beyond compare .他女儿真是可爱得无与伦比。 ⑤She convinced me that Paul was, beyond doubt , innocent. 她使我坚信,保罗确切是清白无辜的。 ⑥ It's beyond me why he always behaves like that. 我没法理解他为何总是那样做。 ⑦I am afraid it is beyond my power to do what you are asking.
高中英语真题：Unit22EnvironmentalProtectionSectionⅣ_1
Unit22EnvironmentalProtectionSectionⅣ课时语法精讲 KESHIYUFAJINGJIANG[语法·预备役]用括号里动词的适当形式完成下面句子1．Finance ____________(organise) to deal with road noise p ollution in all major cities.答案：has been organised2．The fund for housing ____________(allocate) by them.答案：will be allocated3．One of their most spectacular projects ____________(call) .答案：was called4．Eleven islands on the coast near ____________ (surround) over six thousand square metres of pink plastic!答案：were surrounded by5．The question ____________(discuss) at the meeting now.答案：is being discussed[语法·讲座]被动语态一、被动语态的用法被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，常用于下列三种情况：(1)不知道谁是动作的执行者，或由于某种原因没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者。
(2)需要突出或强调动作的承受者。
(3)由于某种理由(如为了礼貌、婉转或便于组合句法关系)而需要用被动语态。
The box is kept in the shade.盒子被放在阴凉处。
Such exercises are often done by the students in class.这类练习常常由学生在课堂上做。
二、被动语态的构成三、非谓语动词的被动语态1．不定式的被动语态分为一般式和完成式，即：to be done 和to have been done。
高中英语真题：Unit22EnvironmentalProtection_10
Unit22EnvironmentalProtection写作句型锤炼主体段落常用句型锤炼：祈使句＋and/or(else)/otherwise＋陈述句先熟读背诵——精彩句型烂熟于心1. Follow your doctor’s advice, and you will get better soon.接受医生的建议，你很快就会好的。
2. Hurry up, or/or else/otherwise you will be late.快点，否则你会迟到的。
3.It is really very dangerous. One more step, and the baby will fall into the well.真危险。
再多迈一步，这个小孩就会掉进井里。
4. Work harder, and you will succeed in your studies.如果你更加努力学习，在学习上你就会成功。
5.Study hard, or/or else/otherwise you will fail in your exams.如果你不努力学习，考试会不及格的。
6.Pay your attention to what the teachers say in class, or/or el se/otherwise you will leave out some important points.上课时要注意老师说过的话，否则你会遗漏一些要点的。
后临摹仿写——妙语佳句信手拈来1.努力学习，你会被理想的大学录取的。
Study_hard，and_you’ll_be_admitted_to_the_ideal_college. 2.抓住机会吧，否则你会遗憾的。
Take_the_chance,_or/or_else/otherwise_you_will_regret_it._ 3.叫你怎么做就怎么做，否则你会有麻烦的。
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Section ⅢLesson 3 Natural Disasters课后篇巩固探究一、写作词汇检测完成下列小对话或语篇。
1.—How is the weather in the city you are living?—It is (多变的).答案:changeable2.—What are the villagers talking about now?—The (灌溉) this year.答案:irrigation3.—Why have the parents sent their children to that country?—They hoped to (武装) their children with more knowledge.答案:arm4.—How was it that they got to that land?—By (方法) of some ships.答案:means5.They lived in a (多山的) area.There were often some (巨大的灾难).Once,the (雷雨) destroyed their houses,(导致) many deaths.Some of them had to (逃走) to another ter they returned and spent much money (建造) some new houses using(黏土) and (砖块).答案:mountainous;catastrophe;thunderstorm;resulting in;fled;constructing;clay;bricks 二、阅读词汇检测写出画线部分的汉语意思。
When the typhoon 1.arrived,the villagers were busy constructing 2.some houses.Some of them earned their living 3.by means 4.of this work.Some rocks rolled 5. from the mountain.Many of them suffered the separation 6. from their family,for some of them were killed in the typhoon and others had to flee 7..答案:1.台风 2.建造 3.谋生 4.方式 5.滚动 6.分离7.逃走三、完成句子1.哈里对这个问题的解决办法是列出所有的利弊得失。
Harry’s is to make a list of all the pros and cons.答案:approach to the problem2.新铁路尚在建设中。
The new railway is still .答案:under construction/being constructed3.我努力提高我的英语,但老师对我的进步一点也不满意。
I’ve tried very hard to improve my English.But by no mea nswith my progress.答案:is the teacher satisfied4.许多新的高科技已从美国引进,给这个公司的生产带来了巨大提升。
Much new and high technology has been introduced from America,great increase in production of the company.答案:resulting in/bringing about5.他逃到了哥斯达黎加以逃避服兵役。
He Costa Rica to avoid military service.答案:fled to6.在过去几年里,这里的旅游业获得了相当大的发展。
Over the last few years tourism here .答案:has developed considerably/greatly7.随着这个问题的解决,青霉素现在已正式生产。
,penicillin is now in regular production.答案:With this problem solved8.示威者攻击警察,推翻车辆并将其纵火焚烧。
Demonstrators ,overturning vehicles and setting fire to them.答案:turned on police9.There are still many problems (有待于解决) before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon.答案:to be solved10.While waiting for the opportunity (被晋升),Henry did his best to perform his duty.答案:to get promoted四、阅读理解A导学号16924003(2016~2017安徽六安一中高二检测)It is named a kind of wooden Eiffel Tower,because of the fact that there was a large wooden platform far out in the lake on which stood an improbably high diving board.It was,I’m sure,the county’s tallest wooden structure and no one had ever been known to jump from it.So it was quite a shock when our teacher,Mr.David,announced that he would diveoff the high board that very afternoon.Word of his questionable plan was already spreading through town as Mr.David swam out to the platform.He was just a tiny,stick figure when he got there but even from such a distance the high board seemed almost to touch the clouds.Once at the top,he paced the enormously long board,then took some deep breaths and finally stood at edge.He was going to do it.Several hundred people had gathered at the shore to watch.Mr.David stood for quite a long time,then he raised his arms,took one massive bounce and launched himself into a perfect dive.It was beautiful.He fell with perfect style for what seemed minutes.The crowd fell silent.The only sound to be heard was the faint whistle of his body tearing through the air toward the water far,far below.But about three quarters of the way down he seemed to have second thoughts and began suddenly to panic,waving his arms and legs like someone having a bad dream.When he was perhaps thirty feet above the water,he gave up on waving and spread his arms and legs wide,apparently hoping that it would somehow show his fall.It didn’t.He hit the water at over six hundred miles an hour.The impact was so loud that it made birds fly out of their trees thr ee miles away.I don’t think he entered the water at all.He just bounced off it,about fifteen feet back into the air.Afterthat,he lay still on the surface,spinning like an autumn leaf.He was brought to shore by two passing fishermen in a rowboat and placed on an old blanket where he spent the rest of the afternoon.Occasionally he accepted small sips of water,but otherwise was too shock to speak.From head to toe,he was covered with deep red bruises....It was the best day of my life.1.How did the author f ind Mr.David’s plan to jump from the diving board?A.Heroic.B.Disappointing.C.Crazy.D.Confused.答案:C解析:推理判断题。
根据第一段中的“...I’m sure,the county’s tallest wooden structure and no one had ever been known to jump from it.”和第二段“So it was quite a shock when our teacher,Mr.David,announced that he would dive off the high board that very afternoon.”可知,作者认为,没人敢从那个跳水板上跳下去,而当作者得知戴维要从上面跳下去的时候自然会很震惊。