牛津译林版 八年级英语下册8B unit1单元知识点归纳总结
八年级英语下册8B unit1知识点&语法汇总一、重点短语1. in the past few years 在过去的几年中2. at present 目前3. in the future 未来；将来4. an hour ago 一小时前5. in the bowl在碗里6. share sth. with sb.和….分享…7. be kind to sb. 对…友好8. wait for the next one 等下一辆车9. know…very well 非常了解… 10. since I was born自我出生以来11. move house 搬家12. get married to sb.= marry sb.= be married to sb. 和某人结婚13.marry sb. to sb.把某人嫁给某人14. since then 从那以后15. move two blocks away 搬到两个街区以外16. change a lot改变许多17. over the years 在这些年期间(现在完成时)18. in the town center= in the center of the town在镇中心19.a steel factory 一家钢铁厂20. water pollution水污染air pollution空气污染noise pollution噪音污染21. put the waste into the river把废料扔进河put away 收好put on 穿上put off 推迟/延期22. realize the problem意识到问题23. take action to improve the situation采取行动改善情况24. much cleaner 干净得多25. have a beautiful modern town拥有一个美丽现代化的城镇26.most of my old friends我的大多数老朋友27. move away 搬走28.play cards and Chinese chess 打牌，下中国象棋29. the amazing changes 令人惊奇的改变30.a group of buildings with streets on all sides街道两边全是高楼31..all one’s life 某人的一生32. repair over ten bicycles 修十多辆自行车33.the changes in Beijing北京的变化34. over the past century上个世纪期间35.learn more about更多了解关于…… 36. plan to do sth.计划做某事37. hear about/of 听说hear from sb. 收到某人来信38. clean and fresh air干净新鲜空气39.living condition居住环境40. railway station火车站41. travel to and from the town by bus乘公交进出城镇42. another big change 另一个大变化43. move into new flats搬进新的公寓move out of…搬出…44. return from the USA 从美国回来return sth. to sb. 把某物归还给某人45. go abroad 出国，去国外at home or abroad在国内外46. at primary school 在小学47.keep in touch with each other互相保持联络municate by email 通过电子邮件交流49.make communication much easier使沟通更容易communicate with sb.和某人保持联系50. be/get used to (doing) sth习惯于（干）某事get used to the changes of life 习惯了生活的变化51. take place发生（有目的有计划的）、举行happen发生(偶然发生)52. green hills all around 到处都是绿山53. a river runs through the centre of town 一条小河穿过镇中心54. on one’s own = by oneself = alone独自55、throw rubbish扔垃圾56、in some large open spaces 在一些大的开阔的地方57、in their free time 在他们业余时间58、travel around the town在镇里转转59、have their own cars= have cars of their own有他们自己的汽车60.narrow and dirty roads 又窄又脏的公路61.wide and clean streets宽阔而干净的街道62.green trees on both sides两边绿树63.enjoy a comfortable life享受舒服的生活64. from time to time=at times=sometimes有时二、词汇梳理1.I've just eaten it.我刚才把它吃了。
(eat-ate-eaten)just adv. 意为“刚才” 常与完成时连用。
他们刚刚到达。
e.g. They have just arrived.注意：just now 意为“刚才”，相当于“a moment ago”通常与一般过去时连用。
我刚才去了图书馆。
e.g.I went to the library just now.ed to do sth.意为“过去常常做某事”，表示过去的习惯。
本身已是过去时态，没有人称和数的变化，暗含现在已不再如此。
1) 他的父母过去住在乡下。
e.g. His parents used to live in the countryside.2) Tom 过去常常早起，不是吗？e.g.Tom used to get up early, didn't he?/usedn't he?be used to doing sth.习惯于做某事e.g.My father is used to reading newspapers after dinner.be used to do 被用来做…… e.g.A pen is used to write with.笔是用来写的。
3.turn…into… 把…变成…Heat turns water into vapor .热使水变成蒸气。
turn on打开turn off关turn up调高turn down调低turn around转身by turns轮流地in turn依次turn in 上交It’s one’s turn to do sth.轮到某人做某事4.in some ways 在某种程度上in this way以这种方式on the way (to )在……的路上by the way 顺便说下no way 没门in any way 无论如何5.It has become impossible for us to see each other as often as before.E.g 1.It is necessary for us to study English hard.2. It is kind of you to help us.若形容词是描述行为者的性格、品质的，如kind，good，nice，clever，careless，polite，foolish等，用of sb.。
若形容词仅仅是描述事物,用for sb.，如difficult，easy，hard，important，dangerous，（im）possible等。
6. feel a bit lonely from time to time 有时感到有点孤单feel a bit lonely 感到有点孤单from time to time=at times=sometimes有时a bit和a little “稍微”、“有点” ,修饰形容词、副词。
在肯定句中可以互换。
a little 直接修饰不可数名词;而a bit修饰名词时,其后须加上of,构成“a bit of+n.”结构。
例如: He knows a bit of French.a bit和 a little的否定式意义正好相反。
not a bit=not at all,意为“毫不”;而not a little=very much,意为“非常”,“很”。
例如: He is not a bit tired.他一点不累。
He is not a little tired.他很累。
a few/few用在复数可数名词之前，little/a little用在不可数名词之前。
e.g.He took a few biscuits. (肯定) He took few biscuits(否定)He took a little butter. ((肯定) He took little butter. (否定)7.because of being alone 因为独自一人.lonely, alone的区别：lonely作表语，表示心灵内部的孤独寂寞；lonely修饰地点时，意：“荒凉的，偏僻的”。
alone指单独、独自的意思，作表语。
如：He is alone, but he never feels lonely. 8.wayin a way 在某种程度上e.g. In a way, you're right. 从某一点上看你是对的。
in some ways:在某种程度上;在某些方面e.g. In some ways I agree with you.在某种程度上我同意你的观点in the way挡道地on the way…. = on one’s way…在来、去或旅行的过程中She is on her way out the door. 她往户外走。
on the way home 在回家路上(home 是副词，所以省to)on the way to school 在上学路上e.g.Winter is on the way. 冬天就要来到了the way to…the key to…..the way to the post office 去邮局的路by the way 顺便说一下9. the changes to Sunshine Town阳光镇的变化→the changes to… …的变化change n.变化，常用复数changes。
译林牛津八年级下册-8B知识点梳理
牛津初中英语8B unit1—unit8 知识点归纳8B Unit1【考点精讲】一、核心词汇1．past n．[考点点拨]past作名词，意为“过去”，其还可作介词和形容词，可用于如下情况：in the past（n．）在过去；half past(prep.)five 5点半；in the past(adj.)three years在过去的3年里。
如：When he walks past our desks, he always knocks ourbooks and pens off the desks.当他走过我们课桌的时候，他总是把我们的书本和钢笔从课桌上碰掉下来。
The boy finished his homework with the help of his father in the past.这个男孩过去是在他父亲的帮助下完成作业的。
2．present n．[考点点拨]present作名词，意为“现在，目前”。
At present＝at the moment＝right now目前；其还可作形容词，your present job你目前的工作；present用作名词，还可表示“礼物”，a birthday present -份生日礼物。
如：He is washing his clothes at present.现在他正在洗衣服。
3．northern adj。
[考点点拨] 方位词：north-northern; west-western; south-southern; east-eastern。
如：in the north of China ＝in the northern part of China在中国北部East China华东；North China华北The northern part of the city used to be sparsely populated, but has now become a cultural centre.城北过去人口稀少，但现在成了文化中心。
牛津译林英语八年级下册全册(Unit1-8)知识点汇总
牛津译林英语八年级下册全册知识点汇总8B Unit11.I've just eaten it.我刷才把它吃了。
just作副词“刚刚，刚才”，通常与现在完成时连用。
Mr Wang has just left our classroom. 王老师刚刚离开我们的教室。
I've just heard the news. 我刚听到这个消息。
①just副词“正好，恰好”，常与名词、名词性短语或句子连用，起加强语气的作用。
This jacket is just my size. 这件夫克衫正合我的尺码。
②just now“刚才，刚刚”=a moment ago，常用于句末。
I met one of my friends in the street just now.我刚才在衡上遇到了我的一个朋友。
③just then“就在那时”。
Just then,someone knocked at the front door. 就在那时，有人在前门敲门。
2.You've changed,Eddie.埃迪，你变了。
①change不及物动词“变化”，过去分词changedThe city has changed a lot since 2000. 这个城市自从2000年以来变化很大。
In England，the weather changes very often. 在英格兰，天气时常变化。
②change及物动词“交换；改变；换乘”。
Can I change seats with you? 我可以和你换一下座位吗？At last,he changed his mind. 最后，他改变了主意。
I stopped in Moscow only to change planes. 我为了转机才在莫斯科停留的。
③change可数名词“改变，变化，转变”；不可数名词“零钱”。
Great changes have taken place in this city since 1984.自从1984年以来，这个城市已发生了很大的变化。
牛津译林八年级下册8BUnit1 知识梳理
牛津译林八年级下册8BUnit1 知识梳理一、重点词汇：1. 时态标志词：一般现在时：from time to time=at times一般过去时：in the past现在进行时：at present现在完成时：in/during/over the past/last XX years / just /since /ever /over the years before (在句末，副词) yet recently重要考点：1) already, yet, just区别already, just只能用于肯定句，yet用于否定句和疑问句just只能放在have和done中间，already可以放在have和done中间或句末，yet只能放在句末。
2) since和for的区别，since的用法since+过去时间点；since+时间段 ago；since+从句(一般过去时) ；since doingIt is 时间段 since+从句for+时间段（注意时态未必是完成时，要看有没有持续到现在）3) just和just now的区别：just是现完标志词，just now是过去时4) ever表示的曾经不同于once，是现完标志词，一般用于疑问句，位置在done前面ever句型：It is the 最高级 sth that I have ever done5) before做副词才是现完标志词，做连词不是。
2. used to用法：(1) 句型：过去常常做used to do 过去有 there used to be 过去是 used to be(2) 同义：used to=once(3) 否定形式：usedn’t to didn’t use to(4) 辨析：be used to doing 习惯于做某事 be used to do 被用来做某事3. northern:在中国北部：in the north of China=in the northern part of China4. married:(1) 注意介词：get married to sb.(2) 持续性动词：be married to(3) 变形：marry vt. marry sb. marriage n. (了解)5. in some ways 在某种程度上way的短语：in this way 用这种方法 on the way to 在去某地的路上 in one’s way 挡了某人的道by the way 顺便说一下6. interview vt. 采访，面试 n. 采访，面试考点：区分动词，名词：have interviewed sb. have interviews with sb.7. return vi. 返回 vt. 归还return to return from 不与back共用return sth. to sb.8. abroad adv. 在国外go abroad 持续性动词be abroad 前面不加介词9. exactly adv. 正是，没错考查变形：exact-exactly考查中文提示：正是如此，确切地考查情景交际。
英语：Unit 1知识梳理(译林牛津八年级下)
8B Unit 1 知识梳理一、词汇1.present 给，赠（动词）presentation 演出（名词）2. sonth 南方（名词）southern南方的（形容词）3. marry结婚（动词）married 已婚的（形容词）marriage婚姻（名词）4.poison毒（名词）poisonous有毒的（形容词）5.pollute污染（动词）polluted被污染的（形容词）pollution污染（名词）6.alone孤单（副词）lonely孤独的（形容词）7.especial特别的（形容词）.especially 特别地尤其（副词）8.recent 最近的（形容词）.recently最近（副词）9. health健康（名词）healthy健康的（形容词）healthily健康地（副词）healthier更健康的（形容词）healthiest 最健康的（形容词）unhealthy 不健康的（形容词）unhealthily健康地（副词）10.luck 运气（名词）lucky 幸运的（形容词）luckily幸运地（副词）unlucky不幸运的（形容词）unluckily.不幸运地，不幸的是（副词）11.pleasant 使人愉快的（形容词）unpleasant使人不愉快的，讨厌的（形容词）pleasure 快乐、愉快（名词）pleased高兴的（形容词）12.own自己的（动词）owner 主人（名词）13.service服务（名词）serve 服务（动词）14.relax放松（动词）relaxed放松的（形容词）15.develop发展（动词）developed发展过了的（形容词）developing正在发展的（形容词）development发展（名词）16.describe 描述（动词）description 描述（名词）17.attract 吸引（动词）attract ive有吸引力的（形容词）attraction吸引、向往的地方（名词）二、重点短语1．not… any more / not… any longer/ no more / no longer 不再2. since then 从那时起3.move house 搬家4.move into a new flat 搬到新公寓5. get married结婚6. in the southern part of 在…的南部7.in the center of … 在…中心8.change a lot 变化很多9.turn …into … 把…变成…10.play cards and Chinese chess 打牌和下中国象棋11.water pollution水污染12.be used to do sth 被用来做某事ed to do sth 过去常常做某事14be used to doing sth 习惯做某事15.be used for doing sth被用来做某事16.take action to reduce the pollution 采取措施减少污染17. in some ways 在某些方面18.open space 开阔的地方19.feel a bit lonely感到有点孤独20.foom time to time 不时地21make me happy 使我快22.get to know 认识23 as well as 也24.as often as before像以前一样常常25.interview sb/ have an interview with sb 采访某人26. make a sentence with用… 造句27.alone / by oneself / on one’s own 独自28. in service 使用中，服务中29. dranking water 饮用水30. the change to Beijing 北京的变化31. by the way 顺便问一下32.in fact 事实上32.a place of natural beauty 一个自然美的地方33. lend sb sth 把某物借给某人34.travel to and from town 进出城镇35.most of them他们大部分36.have time to relax more有时间多放松37.the same feeling 同感36.green hills around… 青山环绕…39.far from 离…远40.easier to get there 更易到那儿41. take photos 拍照42．because of illness because sb be ill 因为某人病了三、重点句型讲解1. Now the government has turned the place into a park..turn…into…意思为‘把… 变成…可用change…into…替换。
牛津译林版英语八年级下册 Unit 1 语法、词汇、句型知识点总结(详细版)
牛津译林版英语八年级下册Unit 1 语法、词汇、句型知识点总结（详细版）8B Unit 1 Past and presentComic strip & Welcome to the unit1.I've just eaten it.我刚才把它吃了。
just此处用作副词，意为“刚刚，刚才”，通常与现在完成时连用。
Mr Wang has just left our classroom.王老师刚刚离开我们的教室。
I've just heard the news.我刚听到这个消息。
拓展：①just 副词，还可意为“正好，恰好；仅仅，只是”，起加强语气的作用。
This jacket is just my size.这件夹克衫正合我的尺码。
That's just what he wanted.那正是他所要的。
He is just a child.他仅仅是一个孩子。
I just want to talk to you.我只是想和你谈谈。
①just now意为“刚才，刚刚”，相当于a moment ago，常用于句末，用于一般过去时态的句子中。
I met one of my friends in the street just now.我刚才在街上遇到了我的一个朋友。
①just then 意为“就在那时”。
Just then, someone knocked at the front door.就在那时，有人敲了敲前门。
2.Why?为什么?这是一个省略问句，其完整形式是“Why did you eat my food?”。
why引导的特殊疑问句用来询间原因，通常用because（因为）引导的句子来回答。
—Why didn't you come to the meeting yesterday?你昨天为什么没来参加会议?—Because I had a bad cold.因为我患了重感冒。
八年级英语下册 Unit 1知识梳理 牛津译林版
8B Unit 1 知识梳理
一、词汇
给，赠（动词） ShanghaiJapane bac et 胡小姐还没回来。
3.疑问句的构成：
将have/ha提到主语前，简略答语用：Ye，主语 have/ha或No，主语haven’t/han’t 例如Have ou ever made cae Ye，I have No，I haven’t
4在现在完成时的各种结构中，have/ha均为助动词，无实际意义。
当主语是第三人称单数时要用ha。
have/ha之后要用动词的过去分词，规则动词的过去分词与过去式的变化规则相同，如：
finih—finihed courage— couraged tud—tudied
tee——came——come run——ran_——run
5）AAB动词原形与过去式同形如：beat——beat——beaten
四、单元话题：
写关于过去和现在所发生的短文，有三个原则：一、要概括说明发生的变化二、要详细描写发生的变化，在描写变化的过程中可使用however，but等表示转折的连词，是行文自然流畅。
三、要对所发生的变化发表自己的看法。
M hometown ,Nantong ,i an economic deveoNantonge beautifu。
牛津译林版 8B八年级下册 Unit1 Past and present 知识点梳理
八年级下册Unit1 Past and present知识点梳理【重点单词】past [pɑːst]过去present ['preznt] 现在，目前just [dʒʌst] 刚才used to (过去持续或常发生)曾经since [sɪns] 自…以来ever ['evə] 曾经，永远，这以前northern ['nɔːðən] 北方的，北部的married [ˈmærɪd] 已婚的，结婚的wife [waɪf] (妻子block [blɒk] 街区since [sɪns] 自…以来over ['əʊvə] 在…期间turn ... Into ... 把…变成…pollution [pəˈluːʃ(ə)n] 污染；污染物factory ['fæktəri] 工厂waste [weɪst] 废料；废品realize ['rɪəlaɪz] 意识到；实现improve [ɪm'pruːv]改进，改善situation [sɪtjʊˈeɪʃ(ə)n] 形势，情况in some ways 在某种程度上however [haʊ'evə] 然而impossible [ɪmˈpɒsəbl] 不可能的before [bɪ'fɔː]以前，过去，已经lonely ['ləʊnli] 孤独的，寂寞的from time to time [frɒm//taɪm//tuː//taɪm] 不时，有时，偶尔anyway [ˈenɪweɪ] 尽管，即使这样husband ['hʌzbənd] 丈夫interview [ˈɪntəvjuː]采访；会见all one's life 一生yet [jet] 还，仍recently ['riːsntli]近来，最近past [pɑːst]过去environment [ɪn'vaɪrənmənt] 环境transport [trænsˈpɔːt]交通车辆，运输工具condition [kənˈdɪʃ(ə)n] 环境，条件，状况return [rɪ'tɜːn]返回last [lɑːst]最近，上一次；最后abroad [ə'brɔːd]到（在）国外primary [ˈpraɪməri] 小学教育的；初级的keep in touch 保持联系communicate [kəˈmjuːnɪkeɪt] 交流，交际communication [kəmjuːnɪˈkeɪʃ(ə)n] 交流，交际exactly [ɪg'zæktli] （答语）正是，没错be/get used to 习惯于，适应于narrow [ˈnærəʊ] 狭窄的open space 开阔的空地【重点词组】1.in the bowl an hour ago一个小时之前在碗里的ed to do sth.过去常常做某事be used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事be used to do sth. 被用来做某事3.do a history project on the changes in Beijing over the years做个有关这些年北京的变化的历史调查4.write a report on the changes in your home town 写一个有关你家乡的变化的报道5.know about the different forms of transport 对不同形式的交通工具很了解6.talk about transport at different times 讨论不同时期的交通工具7.take turns to do sth.=do sth. by turns 轮流做某事8.go to school by bike = ride a bike to school 骑自行车去学校9.wait for the next one 等下一辆车10.go to school by bus= take a bus to school= go to school on the bus乘公交车去学校11.interview sb. to get some information 为了得到些信息采访某人12.know sunshine town very well 对阳光镇很了解13.be born 出生14.move house 搬家15.in the northern part of town 在这个镇的西部16.get married to sb.= marry sb.= be married to sb.和某人结婚17.marry sb. to sb. 把某人嫁给某人18.move two blocks away搬到两个街区以外19.live in this area 住在这个地区20.since then 自从那以后since I was born/ since last Saturday/since three days ago21.over the years 这些年over the past century 在过去的几个世纪22.in the town centre= in the centre of the town 在镇中心23.turn/change/put sth. into 把某物变成某物24.a steel factory 一个钢铁厂25.put the waste into the river 把垃圾倒入河里put down 记下put away 收好put on 穿上put off 推迟、延期26.take action to improve the situation采取行动改善这种情况27.in some ways 在某些方面on the way (to ) 在……的路上by the way 顺便说no way 没门in any way 无论如何28.most of my old friends大部分我的老朋友29.move away 搬走/move to(into) another town30.see each other as often as before像以前一样经常看到对方31.play cards and Chinese chess 打牌和下棋32.feel a bit lonely 感到有点孤单33.from time to time = at times = sometimes 有时34.because of being alone 因为独自一人35.a group of buildings with streets on all sides街道两边全是高楼on both sides/ on each side36.interview sb.= have an interview with sb. 采访某人37.all his life 整个他的一生38.in the past 在过去at present 现在39.make some notes 做些笔记40.waste sth. on sth./ sb.浪费某物在某物/某人上41.repair over ten bicycles= repair more than ten bicycles修理超过10辆自行车42.teach sb. a lot about the history of China教我很多有关中国的历史43.talk about a film about the history of Beijing讨论一个有关北京历史的影片44.learn more about Beijing’s past and present对北京的过去和现在了解更多45.hear about/of 听说hear from sb.= receive/ get one’s letter=receive/get a letter of sb.收到某人来信46.living conditions 居住条件47.return sth. to sb. 把某物归还给某人48.go abroad 去国外at home or abroad 在国内外49.at primary school 在小学50.keep in touch with each other 互相保持联系51.make communication much easier使得联系更容易Communicate with sb.和某人保持联系52.take place发生（有目的有计划的）、举行happen发生(偶然发生)53.green hills all around到处都是绿山54.a river runs through the centre of town一条小河穿过镇中心55.get used to the changes of life习惯了生活的变化56.on one’s own = by oneself = alone独自57.throw rubbish 扔垃圾58.in some large open spaces在一些大的开阔的地方59.move into new flats搬到新公寓去60.in their free time在他们业余时间61.travel around the town在镇里转转62.have their own cars= have cars of their own有他们自己的汽车e the new words to talk about my hometown用些新词来讨论我的家乡e facts to support my opinions用事实来支持我的观点【重点句型】1.There were always too many people on the bus, and it took a long time to wait for the next one.公共汽车上总是有太多的人，并且要花费很长时间等待下一趟。
译林牛津八年级下册 8B知识点梳理---精品管理资料
牛津初中英语8B unit1-unit8 知识点归纳8B Unit1【考点精讲】一、核心词汇1．past n．[考点点拨］past作名词，意为“过去”，其还可作介词和形容词，可用于如下情况：in the past （n．）在过去；half past（prep.）five 5点半；in the past（adj。
)three years在过去的3年里。
如：When he walks past our desks，he always knocks ourbooks and pens off the desks.当他走过我们课桌的时候，他总是把我们的书本和钢笔从课桌上碰掉下来。
The boy finished his homework with the help of his father in the past.这个男孩过去是在他父亲的帮助下完成作业的。
2．present n．［考点点拨］present作名词，意为“现在，目前"。
At present＝at the moment＝right now目前;其还可作形容词，your present job你目前的工作；present用作名词，还可表示“礼物"，a birthday present —份生日礼物。
如：He is washing his clothes at present.现在他正在洗衣服。
3．northern adj.[考点点拨］方位词：north-northern；west-western; south-southern; east-eastern。
如：in the north of China ＝in the northern part of China在中国北部East China华东；North China华北The northern part of the city used to be sparsely populated, but has now become a cultural centre。
牛津译林版英语八年级下册-8B-Unit1-知识点总结汇总
牛津英语8B Unit 1 Past and present一、重点短语汇总解析1. 在碗里in the bowl 在盘子里on the plate2. 过去和现在past and present（1）pastn. 过去，以前；in the past 在过去adj. 过去的，以前的；in the past few years 在过去的几年里prep. 经过walk past the post office走过邮局（2）presentadj.现在的; 目前的; 出席的n.现在; 礼物; at present 现在；a present for you=a gift for you给你的礼物vt.介绍; 出现; 提出; 赠送;【例句】Everyone can be presented a present at present.3. 过去常常…，曾经…(1) used to do sth，(2)used to be+ adj. (3) used to be+ n.(4) 某地曾经有什么:There used to be+n.〈知识链接〉⑴used to do sth →否定式used not to do sth或didn’t use to do sth→疑问式Did sb use to do sth?或Used sb to do sth?4.(1) 习惯于做某事be used to doing sth(2)习惯于某物be used to sth.(3) 逐渐习惯于… get / become used to doing sth/ sth注意：sth. be used to do sth. = sth be used for doing sth. 某物被用来做某事(被动语态)从那以后since then〈知识链接〉since 有几个意思（1）既然（2）因为（3）自...以来（现在完成时）6. (1)搬家move house, (2)搬到Paris: move to Paris.(3)搬走move away (4) 搬入新公寓move into new flats. (区别move in 无宾语)(5) 搬出小镇move out of the town (区别：move out 无宾语)〈知识链接〉move 的名词形式movement. 本课improve 的名词形式improvement。
牛津译林版八年级英语下册8B Unit1 Past and present 知识归纳与拓展
8B Unit1Past and present知识归纳与拓展【重点单词】1. present n. 现在，目前；礼物→ adj.目前的，现在的→ vt.呈现；赠送2. pollution n. 污染；污染物→ pollute vt. 污染3. waste n. 废料；废品→ vt.浪费4. impossible adj. 不可能的→ possible adj. 可能的5. communicate vi. & vt. 交流；传达→ communication n. 交流；交际6. exactly adv. 正是，没错→ exact adj. 精确的7. married adj. 已婚的→ marry vt. &vi. 结婚8. recently adv. 近来，最近→ recent ad j. 最近的9. northern adj.北方的，北部的→ north n. 北方st adv. 最近，上一次；最后→ adj. 最后的；最近的；最新的→ vi. 持续，维持【重点短语】1. share food with me和我分享食物2. all one's life某人的一生3. used to go to school by bike过去常常骑自行车上学4. since then从那以后5. in the northern part of town在城镇的北部6. turn part of the town centre into a new park把镇中心的一部分变成一个新公园7. take action to improve the situation采取措施改善状况8. move away搬走9. feel a bit lonely感到有点儿孤单10. from time to time有时，不时11. get married结婚12. take place发生；举行13. enjoy a comfortable life享受一种舒适的生活14. move into new flats搬进新公寓15. return from the USA从美国回来16. go abroad出国17. keep in touch with each other彼此保持联系18. on one’s own靠某人自己；独自19. in some ways在某些方面20. communicate by email通过电子邮件交流【重点句型】1. ... and it took a long time to wait for the next one. ( P7 )原句意为：……等候下一班车要用很长时间。