【配套K12】[学习]2019高考英语二轮复习 600分策略 专题4 语法填空和短文改错 第1讲 语
词性转换、比较等级和名词的数第一组Ⅰ. 语法填空(2018·江西赣中南五校高三第一次联合考试) The World Health Organization (WHO) has made an appeal to scientists，drug manufacturers and governments. The WHO wants them to work together __1. to develop__ (develop) drugs to fight 12 bacteria. These bacteria __2. are__ (be) able to resist __3. powerful__ (power) antibiotic(抗生素) drugs. The resistance is so unusually strong that all the 12 bacteria have been given a special name “superbug”.The United Nations agency reported this week the 12 superbugs are a threat to human __4. health__ (healthy). It said they have __5. the__ ability to easily turn treatable infections into killers. The WHO says superbugs can also pass along genetic material __6. that/which__ helps other bacteria become resistant to drug treatment.Marie－Paule Kieny is the Assistant Director－General at the WHO. She said，“Antibiotic resistance is growing and we are fast running out __7. of__ treatment options. ” She urged governments to give drug companies reasons to develop new treatment s. “If we leave it to market forces alone，the new antibiotics we most __8. urgently__ (urgent)need are not going to be developed in time，” she said.Antibiotic drugs can lose their effectiveness when people take more or less than the amount __9. required__ (require) by doctors. When this happens，infections that __10. were treated__ (treat) at one time easily become resistant.文章大意：本文主要讲述了世界卫生组织呼吁开发新的药物，以应对超级病菌对人类健康的威胁。
❶解析：考查非谓语动词。
此处是不定式作目的状语，故填to develop。
❷解析：考查动词时态。
此处表示客观的陈述，故用一般现在时；结合空前的“These bacter ia”可知，应填are。
❸解析：考查形容词。
此处应用形容词作定语修饰名词短语，故填形容词powerful。
❹解析：考查名词。
介词后跟名词、代词或动词－ing形式作宾语。
human health意为”人类健康”，作介词to的宾语。
❺解析：考查冠词。
ability被不定式短浯“to easily turn treatable infections into killers”所修饰，表示特指，故用定冠词the修饰。
❻解析：考查定语从句。
that/which引导定语从句，在从句中作主语，修饰先行词genetic material 。
❼ 解析：考查介词。
固定搭配run out of 意为“用完”，故填介词of 。
❽ 解析：考查副词。
副词修饰动词、形容词、副词或句子。
故此处应用副词urgently 修饰动词need 。
❾ 解析：考查非谓语动词。
分析句子结构可知，require 和amount 之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。
○10 解析：考查动词时态和语态。
根据时间状语“at one time”可知，treat 所表示的动作发生在过去，且动词treat 和infections 是被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态。
Ⅱ. 短文改错(2018·河南省豫北名校高三上学期质量评估)After the supermarket cashier added to my groceries ，it was $12 over what I had on me. I am about to remove items embarrassed from the bag when another shopper handed me a $20 note. “Please don’t put yourself out ，” I told him. “Let me tell you story ，” he said. “My mother is in the hospital with cancer. I visit her every day and bring her a bunch of flower. I went this morning ，and she got very much angry with me for spend my money on more flowers. She demanded that I did something else with that money. But ，here ，please accept this. It ’s your mother ’s flowers. ”答案：After the supermarket cashier added to upmy groceries, it was $12 over what I had on me. I am was about to remove items embarrassed embarrassedlyfrom the bag when another shopper handed me a $20 note. “Please don’t put yourself out ，” I told him. “Let me tell you ∧astory ，” he said. “My mother is in the hospital with cancer. I visit her every day and bring her a bunch of flower flowers. I went this morning, and she got very much angry with me for spend spending my money on more flowers. She demanded that I did do something else with that money. But So ， here, please accept this. It ’s your mymother ’s flowers. ”❶ 解析：to 改为up 。
超市收银员累加(add up)“我”购买的食品杂货后，其总价钱比“我”所带的钱还要多12美元。
add to 表示“添加”，add up“把……加起来”，故此处应把to 改为up 。
❷ 解析：am 改为was 。
此处是在描述发生在过去的事情，应用一般过去时。
❸ 解析：embarrassed 改为embarrassedly 。
此处用副词embarrassedly“尴尬地”来修饰动词remove。
❹解析：story前加a。
story为可数名词，且此处表示泛指，story的发音以辅音音素开头，故需加冠词a。
❺解析：flower改为flowers。
根据flower是可数名词可知，此处应用其复数形式。
a bunch of flowers“一束花”。
❻解析：删除angry前的much。
此处修饰形容词angry，应用very，much多余。
❼解析：spend改为spending。
介词后应使用动名词作宾语。
❽解析：did改为do。
demand“要求”后的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，即从句中的谓语动词使用“should＋do”的形式，其中should可以省略。
故把did改为do。
❾解析：But改为So。
根据语境可知，此处表示结果，故把But改为So。
10解析：your改为my。
根据语境可知，此处指“我妈妈的花”，故把your改为my。
○第二组Ⅰ. 语法填空(2017年11月浙江高考)Easy Ways to Build VocabularyIt’s not all that hard to build an advanced and large vocabulary. Like many things in life，it’s __1. an__ ongoing process，and the best part of the process is that there’s enough room for improvement， __2. which__ means yon’ll just keep getting better and better. Of course you have to work at it. You wouldn’t think that a few __3. months__ (month) of exercise in your teens would be enough __4. for__ the rest of your life，and that’s also true for building your vocabulary—you have to keep at it daily，and pretty soon you will find that you have an excellent vocabulary.One of the __5. effective__ (effect) ways to build vocabulary is to read good books. You need to __6. really__ (real) read at least one good book a week，preferably a classic. This isn’t as hard as it __7. sounds__ (sound)，and it is far better than any other method because you improve your vocabulary while __8. reading__ (read) an interesting piece of literature. Another nice thing is that you learn both new words and __9. their__ (they) use unconsciously，meaning that you will tend to use the words __10. learned/learnt__ (learn) this way in conversations almost automatically.文章大意：本文主要讲述了积累词汇的一些方法。
2019高考英语二轮复习600分策略专题4语法填空和短文改错第1讲语法必备重点1动词形式最常考“谓”
caught 8．(2014·全国卷Ⅱ)A boy on a bike __________ (catch) my attention. He was
riding beside the bus and waving his arms. 解析：句意：我注意到一个骑自行车的男孩。他正挨着公交车骑自行车， 一边挥舞着胳膊。根据设空后一句的were riding可知该空用一般过去时，表过去 的动作。注意catch的过去式和过去分词分别是caught，caught。
名师点津
熟用3个技巧巧解时态题 技巧1 慧眼识别标志词
在高考语法填空中，有时会给出时间标志，考生可根据所给标志词或时间
状语轻松得出答案。
①一般现在时：sometimes，every week(day，year... )等。
②一般过去时：yesterday，last week(day，year... )，the other day，in＋过去
3．(2014·全国卷Ⅰ)In 1969，the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga was River Cleveland，Ohio. It ______(be) unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up. 解析：句意：当时很难想象这条河流能被清理干净。根据句中时间状语 In 1969 可知该处谓语动词用一般过去时，填 was 。需要记住的短语 clean up“ 打 扫”。 Did 4．(2017·北京卷) ______(do) you call that company to see how they think of
searched。需要记住的短语turn up“发现；出现；露面”。
2019高考英语二轮复习600分策略专题4语法填空和短文改错第1讲语法必备重点4经常考查的并列句和三
经常考查的并列句和三大从句提分单句训练Ⅰ. 单句填空❶(2018·北京东城区二模)Nobody can go back and start a new beginning， __but__ anyone can start now and make a new ending.解析：考查连词。
空格前的句意为“没有人可以回到过去重新开始”，空格后的句意为“谁都可以从现在开始做个新的结束”，所以前后句是转折的关系，故填but。
❷(2018·天津)Kae， __whose__ sister I shared a room with when we were at college，has gone to work in Australia.解析：考查定语从句关系词。
句意：凯特已经去澳大利亚工作了。
我们在大学的时候，我和她的姐姐共住一室。
分析句子，句中先行词为Kate，在非限定性定语从句中作名词sister 的定语，故用关系代词whose。
练有小得：分析定语从句需抓住两点：1. 找准先行词；2. 看先行词在从句中所作的成分。
抓住这两点，再根据句意，从而能够判断出正确的关系词。
❸(2018·合肥三模)The ninth day of the ninth month is the day that has two “yang” numbers，and “chong” in Chinese means double，which is __how__ the name “Chongyang” came into being.解析：考查名词性从句。
句意：这就是重阳这个名字如何形成的。
________ the name “Chongyang” came into being在句中作表语，从句中缺少方式状语，故用how引导宾语从句。
❹(2018·威海二模)As a local saying goes：“If you cannot find someone，he or she is either playing mahjong __or__ on the way to play mahjong. ”解析：考查连词。
教育最新K122019高考英语二轮复习 600分策略 专题4 语法填空和短文改错 第3讲 短文改错素能强化
短文改错真题题组1(2018·全国Ⅲ)It was Monday morning ，and the writing class had just begin. Everyone was silent ，wait to see who would be called upon to read his and her paragraph aloud. Some of us were confident and eager take part in the class activity ；others were nervous and anxious. I had done myself homework ，but I was shy. I was afraid that to speak in front of a larger group of people. At that moment ，I remembered that my father once said ，“The classroom is a place for learning and that include learning from tex tbooks ，and mistake as well. ” Immediate，I raised my hand.答案：It was Monday morning ，and the writing class had just begin begun. Everyone was silent ，wait waiting to see who would be called upon to read his and orher paragraph aloud. Some of us were confident and eager ∧to take part in the class activity ；others were nervousand anxious. I had done myself my/thehomework ，but I was shy. I was afraid that to speak in front of a larger largegroup of people. At that moment ，I remembered that my father once said ，“The classroom is a place for learning and that include includeslearning from textbooks ，and mistake mistakes as well. ” Immediate Immediately，I raised my hand. 文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文，描写了作者在写作课上的心理活动。
2019高考英语二轮复习 600分策略 专题4 语法填空和短文改错 第2讲 语法填空素能强化
语法填空真题题组1(2017·全国Ⅰ) There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt. This trend，which was started by the medical community(医学界) __1. as__ a method of fighting heart disease，has had some unintended side __2. effects__ (effect) such as overweight and heart disease—the very thing the medical community was trying to fight.Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required __3. to process__ (process) the food that we eat，to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. When fat and salt __4. are removed__ (remove) from food，the food tastes as if it is missing something. As __5. a__ result，people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. Even __6. worse__ (bad)，the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. Fast food __7. is__ (be) full of fat and salt；by __8. eating__ (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃点心) between meals and will improve the taste of your food. However，be __9. careful__ (care) not to go to extremes. Like anything，it is possible to have too much of both，__10. which__ is not good for the health.文章大意：本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了一种低脂肪、低盐的饮食趋势及其对人们健康的影响。
2019高考英语二轮复习600分策略专题4语法填空和短文改错第1讲语法必备重点4经常考查的并列句和三
the week after.
that/which引导定语从句。
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第一编 专题四
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13．(2017·浙江卷)Pahlsson and her husband now think the ring probable got
where swept into a pile of kitchen rubbish and was spread over the garden， ________it remained until the carrot’s leafy top accidentally sprouted(生长) through it. 解析：分析句子可知，逗号前的句子意义完整，所以空格处引导非限制性 定语从句。考生很容易受前面的先行词 garden的影响误填which。引导非限制性
语法填空和短文改错
9．(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)But my connection with pandas goes back to my days on a when TV show in the mid － 1980s ， ________ I was the first Western TV reporter permitted to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild. 解析：句意：但是我和熊猫的关系追溯到20世纪80年代中期，我拍摄一个
2019高考英语二轮复习600分策略专题4语法填空和短文改错第1讲语法必备重点4经常考查的并列句和三大从句课件
解析：句意：是她有一个新宝宝的时候了，也是小熊猫独立的时候了。
两个完整的独立的句子应该用连词相连。上下句之间为并列关系，故用and。并 列连词可以连接平行的词、短语或句子。
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when 4．(2015·广东卷)One day，the cow was eating grass ________ it began to rain heavily.
解析：句意：一天，这头奶牛正在吃草，突然下起了大雨。be doing sth...
when... 是固定结构，意为“正在做某事……这时……”，when是并列连词。意 为“这时……”。
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as 5．(2014·辽宁卷)It asks you to act like water； to be flexible as well ______
strong. 解析： 句意：它要求你表现得像水一样；柔韧又坚强。 as well as“ 以 及；和”，是固定短语。用来连接两个并列成分，作用相当于and。 but 6．(2014·广东卷)Our rooms hadn’t been reserved for that week， ______for
a few months.
解析：句意：但是河流不是几天甚至几个月就改变了的。根据but及句意 判断，此处要填一个表示递进含义的词，故用or。or even“甚至”。 and 3．(2016·四川卷)It was time for her to have a new baby， ______it was also time for the young panda to be independent.
2019高考英语二轮复习 600分策略 专题4 语法填空和短文改错 第1讲 语法必备 重点1 动词形
动词形式最常考，“谓”与“非谓”要辨清考点1 千变万化的谓语动词第一组Ⅰ. 语法填空(2018·河南省豫北名校高三上学期质量评估) Lanzhou beef noodle is one of China’s most representative flour－made foods while pasta (意大利面食) is one famous Western fancy food. An event，“When Lanzhou beef noodle meets pasta” ， __1. connecting__ (connect) city food cultures，was held at the Beijing Ritz－Carlton Hotel on October 11，2017 to show the interaction.Lanzhou beef noodle has a history of 102 years and is known for its __2. tasty__ (taste) beef，soup and noodles. Lanzhou is also qualified as __3. the__ hometown of Chinese beef noodle. __4. As__ one major city along the ancient Silk Road，Lanzhou has witnessed the efforts of our ancestors and their achievements of developing the Silk Road，according to Zhang Hui，deputy director with the Publicity Department of the CPC Committee of Lanzhou.Lanzhou’s cooking culture __5. has developed__ (develop) its own time－honored characteristics over the years. The event will make Lanzhou beef noodle well－known not only across Lanzhou， __6. but__ across the world through the Belt and Road Initiative thanks to the __7. participation__ (participate) of the two countries’noodle masters. It will also improve cultural exchanges，Zhang added. Lanzhou people would like to work with friends at home and abroad __8. to promote__ (promote) the development of cooking and we __9. sincerely__ (sincere) hope more cultural exchanges of this kind __10. will be held__ (hold) in Italy and Lanzhou in the future.文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。
教育最新K122019高考英语二轮复习 600分策略 专题4 语法填空和短文改错 第1讲 语法必备 重点4 经常考查的并
经常考查的并列句和三大从句第一组Ⅰ. 语法填空(2018·湖北八校高三第一次联考) China has always been famous for being a “State of Etiquette(礼仪)”. According to historical documents，as early as 2,600 years ago，this nation has already established a thorough set __1. of__ dining etiquette.A famous 19th century Russian writer，Anton Chekhov，once invited a Chinese man __2. to have__ (have) a drink in a bar Chekhov said，“Before drinking from his cup，he held __3. it__ with his hands and presented to me and the bar owner and bartenders，__4. saying__ (say) ’qing (please)’. This is the custom of China. They are not like us to finish it in one drink， __5. but__ prefer to drink by taking a small amount at a time. With every sip(一小口)，he __6. ate__ ( eat ) some food. Afterwards he handed me some Chinese __7. coins__ (coin) to show gratitude. This is a rather interestingly polite nationality. . . ” This was the most valuable opinion of a Chinese person __8. that__ was given by a foreigner two centuries ago. Chinese traditional dinner procedures used to be long and dealt __9. seriously__ (serious) with； the __10. more important__ (important) the occasion，the more complex the procedures were.文章大意：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。
教育最新K122019高考英语二轮复习 600分策略 专题4 语法填空和短文改错 第1讲 语法必备 重点1 动词形式最常
动词形式最常考，“谓”与“非谓”要辨清考点2 复杂多变的非谓语动词第一组Ⅰ. 语法填空(2018·福州市八县市一中联考) China is in mourning after its most famous and oldest captive(被圈养的) panda Basi died __1. aged__ (age) thirtyseven. Basi was born in the wild in 1980. At the age of four，she fell into an icy river and was __2. fortunately__ (fortune) rescued by some local villagers __3. living__ (live) in Baoxing County in southwest China’s Province. The locals handed her over to the Strait Panda Research and Exchange Centre in Fuzhou，where she lived the rest of her life. Basi came to fame shortly __4. after__ she was chosen as the model for Pan Pan，the mascot of the 1990 Asian Games in Beijing.Basi never bred(繁殖) but overcame several severe __5. illnesses__ (ill) to live for more than __6. twice__ (two) the 15－year life expectancy of wild pandas. Basi __7. was confirmed__ (confirm) to be the world’s oldest captive panda by Guinness World Records in August. Captive pandas tend to live __8. longer__ (long) due to better nutrition and living conditions. Word has come __9. that__ Basi’s body will be put in Basi Museum，which is __10. under__ construction at present for people to remember her forever and share the spirit of the harmonious development between humans and nature.文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。
[配套K12]2019高考英语二轮复习 600分策略 专题4 语法填空和短文改错 第1讲 语法必备 重点3 小词不可忽视-
小词不可忽视-冠词、介词、数词和代词第一组Ⅰ. 语法填空(2018·长郡中学新高三实验班选拔考试) Traditional Chinese wedding customs have been around for thousands of years. They may vary from place to place and time to time，but have been holding an important position in the lives of Chinese people， __1. causing__ (cause) a far－reaching impact on the way the Chinese lead their lives. The traditional Chinese marriage usually __2. involves__ (involve) some necessary procedures，such as match－making，engagement，meeting the bride，and three bows. __3. In__ addition，a typical Chinese wedding nowadays goes like this—when a new couple is engaged， __4. what__ follows is a __5. choice__ (choose) of the date of their marriage.Most people would favor a holiday or special Chinese festival for their relatives and friends __6. to attend__ (attend) the wedding. However，quite a few others，especially __7. those__ in the countryside，would fix a lucky date so that their marriage would have “Double Happiness”. The wedding ceremony is usually hosted __8. warmly__ (warm) and the wedding ceremony very often ends with __9. a__ unique banquet. Toasts are made to wish the new couple long life，everlasting love and happiness，early birth of a __10. healthy__ (health) baby and so on.文章大意：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国的婚俗习惯。