[Eng]名校考博英语词汇内部资料
博士入学考试英语中常见的翻译词汇
分类词汇homoge neous同质的homo + gene +ous(＜＞ hetero geneo us)^ homo***ual, hetero***ual mainst ream主流主流的dialec t 方言 (v.s. accent)discre pancy差异miscon cepti on 误解 (mis + concep t + ion)= misund ersta ndingbarrie r 障碍(物)~ bar, = barric adediscri minat ion 区别，歧视raci al/***ual discri minat ion? discri minat e (+agains t)hierar chy 等级制度he ir + arch(govern) + yinsula rity岛国性质 (? insula r, ^island)Britis h indust ry has oftenbeen critic izedfor its lingui sticinsula rity.microc osm 小天地 micro+ cosm(os)nostal gia = homesi cknes spatrio t 爱国者 (＜＞ traito r)à patrio tic, patrio tismnotori ety 恶名 (? notori ous)counte rpart对应人，对等物Who’sGeorgeBush’scounte rpart in China?^ counte rcult ure, counte rbala ncepeer 同等的人凝视，窥视(~ peep)subord inate下级下级的＜＞ superi ortactic s 战术，技巧v.s. strate gy (战略，策略)market ing strate gy v.s. sellin g tactic snuance a subtle differ encein meanin gcompat riot同胞同胞的com + patrio tvernac ular本地的，本国的本地话，本国话the vernac ularlangua ges of IndiaHispan ic An Americ an whosefirstlangua ge was Spanis himmigr ation移入~ immigr ant, immigr atev.s. emigra tion (~ emigra nt, emigra te)antipo des Any two places or region s on diamet rical ly opposi te sidesof the Earth“fromNorthAmeric a to the Antipo des”permea te 渗透，弥漫Smok e permea ted the house.entrep reneu r 企业家 (~ enterp rise)à entrep reneu rshippracti tione r 开业者，从业者pra ction(practi ce) + ercelebr ity a famous person= lumina ry, VIPproxy代理人anecdo te 轶事 (à anecdo tal)benchm arkin g 类比分析punctu al 准时的，守时的 (à punctu ality)absent eeism旷工abse nt à absent ee à absent eeismflexti me 弹性工作时间flex(flexib le) + timeharass骚扰 (à harass ment)Mary said that Gary had ***uallyharass ed her.redund ancy冗余，冗员netw ork redund ancydownsi ze 裁员 (~ lay off)ballot投票(= vote)impart ial 不偏不倚的(＜＞ partia l)lobby大堂(n.) 游说(v.)dubbin g 配音录制vogue时尚^ chicbizarr e 奇异的v.s. weird(怪异的)medioc re 平庸的dietit ian 饮食学家 (~ diet)connoi sseur行家，鉴赏家^ entrée, a la carteshortl ist (BE) a list of applic antswho have been deemed suitab le and from whichthe succes sfulperson will be chosen à (v.)equili brium平衡，均衡questi onnai re 调查表，问卷quanti tativ e 定量的 (＜＞ qualit ative)contin gency偶然性，偶然事件incur招致incu r debts/hatred/danger v.s. occur, concur, recurethica l 伦理的，符合伦理的~ ethics, ＜＞ unethi caldubiou s 疑惑的，可疑的 (~ doubt)People were dubiou s aboutthe result.manife stati on 显示，证明 (? manife st)subtit le 字幕，副标题(sub + title)^ subsid iary,submar ine, subway(BE: underg round, tube), suburb(~ downto wn, uptown, outski rts考博英语翻译中可能涉及的热点词汇总裁助理assist ant presid ent综合治理compre hensi ve treatm ent安居工程housin g projec t for low-income urbanreside nts信息化inform ation-based;inform ation izati on智力密集型concen trati on of brainpower;knowle dge-intens ive外资企业overse as-funded enterp rises下岗职工laid-off worker s分流reposi tionof redund ant person nel三角债chaindebts素质教育educat ion for all-rounddevelo pment豆腐渣工程jerry-builtprojec ts社会治安情况law-and-ordersituat ion民族国家nation state台独"indepe ndenc e of Taiwan"台湾当局Taiwan author ities台湾同胞Taiwan compat riots台湾是中国领土不可分割的一部分。
清华大学考博英语真题复习备考重点词汇汇总
清华大学考博英语真题复习备考重点词汇汇总make a/the difference有影响，很重要carry/bring into effect使生效，使起作用put into effect实行，生效come/go into effect生效，实施take effect生效，起作用catch one’s eye引人注目keep an eye on留意，照看make faces做鬼脸find fault埋怨，挑剔catch fire着火需要各大院校历年考博英语真题及其解析请加扣扣七七二六七八五三七或二八九零零六四三五一，也可以拨打全国免费咨询电话四零零六六八六九七八享受考博辅导体验。
come/go into force生效，实施make friends交朋友，友好相处be friends with对……友好，与……交上朋友make fun of取笑，嘲弄keep one’s head保持镇静lose one’s head不知所措lose heart丧失勇气，失去信心get/learn by heart记住，背诵get hold of抓住，掌握keep house管理家务，做家务throw/cast light on使明白，阐明bear/keep in mind记住have in mind记住，考虑到，想到make up one’s mind下决心come/go into operation使投入生产，使运转put in order整理，检修keep/hold pace with跟上，与……同步play a part起作用take place发生，进行take the place of代替come to the point说到要点，扼要地说bring/carry into practice实施，实行make progress进步，进展give rise to引起，使发生make sense讲得通，有意义catch the sight of发现，突然看见(go)on the stage当演员take one’s time不急不忙，从容进行keep in touch保持联系keep track通晓事态，注意动向lose track失去联系make use of利用put to use使用，利用give way让路，让步lead the way带路，引路make one’s way前进，进行make way让路，开路keep one’s word遵守诺言act on作用appeal to呼吁，要求attempt at企图，努力attitude to/towards态度，看法a great/good deal of大量(的)，许多(的) influence on影响interference in干涉interference with妨碍，打扰introduce to介绍a lot(of)许多(的)，大量(的)lots of大量，很多fall in love with相爱，爱上a matter of(关于……)的问题a number of若干，许多reply to回答，答复a series of一系列，一连串其他固定搭配trolley bus无轨电车I.D.card身份证credit card信用卡no doubt无疑，必定next door隔壁out of doors在户外face to face面对面地as a matter of fact实际情况，真相a few有些，几个quite a few还不少，有相当数目的a little一点，稍微，一些，少许little by little逐渐地quite a little相当多，不少no matter无论the moment(that)一……就no more不再fair play公平竞赛;公平对待in demand有需要，销路好rest room厕所，盥洗室primary school小学side by side肩并肩，一个挨一个heart and soul全心全意step by step逐步ahead of time提前all the time一直，始终once upon a time从前once in a while偶尔，有时no wonder难怪，怪不得word for word逐字地decline with thanks婉言谢绝本文由“育明考博”整理编辑。
考博英语词汇表
考博英语词汇表abate v．减轻，减退；废除agile a．敏捷的，灵活的aberrant a.畸变的;异常的;脱离常轨的ablate v.切除，摘除abortion n．流产，早产；(计划等的)失败，夭折abrade v．擦伤；磨损abscess n．脓肿abstain v．戒、避免；弃权abstinence n．节制；禁欲absurd a．荒唐的accent n．腔调，口音；重音，重音符号v．加重读accessory n．附件，附属品；同谋，帮凶a．附属的，附加的accordance n．一致，给予accountant n．会计accuse v．谴责，指控，告发achromatopsia n．色盲acidosis n．酸中毒acknowledge v．承认；致谢acknowledgement n．承认，感谢；收到的通知acne n．痤疮，粉刺acoustic a．声学的；听觉的acquaint v．使认识，使了解，通知acupuncture n．针刺，针刺疗法addict v．使沉溺，使醉心；使成瘾n．有瘾的人，吸毒成瘾adduce v．引证；提出adequate a．足够的；恰当的admonish v．告诫advisory a.咨询的，劝告的"advocate n.拥护者，提倡者v．拥护, 提倡" aerobic a．需氧的afebrile a．无热的affection n．爱；感情；病afferent a．传人的affiliate v．使附属；隶属affinity n.亲和力；密切关系afflict v．使苦恼，折磨aggressive a.爱寻衅的，侵略的；有进取心的180/1359"agitate v．搅动；激动, 焦急不安" agony n．苦恼，痛苦ague n．疟疾；寒颤alga n．水藻，海藻alleviate v．减轻(痛苦)，缓和alliance n．联盟，同盟，联合，联姻allowance n．允许；津贴，补助(费) v.定量供应alloy n．合金v．合铸allude v．暗指，提到allure v．引诱，吸引almighty a．全能的；糟糕透的alphabet n．字母表aluminum n．铝alveolus n．小窝，牙槽；肺泡amateur a．业余的n．业余爱好者ambassador n．大使ambient a．周围的，包围着的；环境的ambiguous n．模棱两可的ambulance n．救护车ambulant a．走动的；适宜于下床活动的ameliorate v．改善，改良，转好amenable a．顺从的，有义务的; 经得起检验的amend v．改正，修正；改好amiable a．亲切的，和蔼可亲的amid prep．在…中，在…当中ammonia n．氨ample a．充分的，富裕的；宽敞的amputate v．切断，截(肢)amuse v．逗…笑，给…以娱乐，给以消遣amusement n.娱乐，消遣，娱乐活动analogue n.类似物analogy n.类似，相似；比拟; 类推analysis n.分析，解析analyze v.分析，分解anatomy n.解剖学ancestor n.祖宗，祖先ancestral a.祖先的，祖传的ancestry n.祖先，家世英语部分ancient a.古代的，古老的n，古时的人anemia n．贫血症anesthesia n．感觉缺失；麻醉anesthetic a．麻木的n．麻醉剂anguish n.极度的痛苦v．感到极度痛苦anhydrous a．脱水的，无水的animate v．使有生气，使活泼；激励animation n．生气，活泼，兴奋；动画片annoy v．使烦恼，使生气，打搅annoyance n．烦恼，烦扰anonymous a．匿名的anorexia n．食欲缺失；厌食anoxia n．缺氧(症)antacid n．解酸药，抗酸剂antenna n．触角；天线antibiotics n．抗生素(抗菌素)anticipate v．预料，预期；抢…之先；提前使用antifebrile a．退热的n．退热药"antique a．古时的，古式的; n.古物,古玩" antiseptic a．防腐的，抗菌的n.防腐剂；抗菌剂antitoxin n．抗毒素antiviral a．抗病毒的antivirus n．抗病毒素anxiety n．挂念，焦虑；渴望appalling a．令人震惊的，骇人听闻的apparatus n．器械，仪器，装置apparent a．明显的；表面的；貌似的appendicitis n．阑尾炎appendix n．附录；阑尾"appetite n．食欲，胃口,要求,欲望" applaud v．喝彩，鼓掌，称赞"applause n．欢呼，喝彩，称赞,赞成" appliance n．器具；用具；器械appoint v．任命，委派；约定appointment n．约会，约见；任命，选派appraisal n．估价，评价appraise v．估价，评价，鉴定appraiser n．评价人，鉴定人appreciable a．可以估计的，可以看到的"appreciate v．感激，感谢；评价，欣赏,赏识"appreciation n．欣赏，鉴赏正确评价;感谢，181/1359感激appreciative a．有眼力..的，有欣赏力的; 感激的apprehend v．理解，领悟；逮捕，拘押；畏惧，忧虑"approach v．接近，走近n．途径,方法，探讨"appropriate a．适当的，恰如其分的"approval n. 赞同,批准""approve v. 赞成,同意,批准,审定,通过""approximate a. 近似的,大约的,v.近似,接近" apron n．围裙v．用围裙围住apt a．恰当的，贴切的；聪明灵巧的；易于…的，有…倾向的arbitrary a．任意的，专横的，武断的arch n．拱，拱门，弓形结构，半圆形v．使成弓形，拱起archaeology n．考古学architect n．建筑师architectural a．关于建筑的，建筑上的architecture n．建筑，建筑学ardent a．热情的，热烈的；强烈的，烈性的arduous a. 艰巨的；勤奋的arena n. 竞技场地argue v. 辩论，争论；主张，论证"argumentation n. 推论, 论证; 争论, 辩论,辩论文""armament n. 军队, 武装力量; 军械; 武器, 备战"aroma n. 芳香; (艺术品的) 风味; 韵味arrangement n．整理，排列，布置，安排，准备；商定，调解array v．使排列成阵势；装扮n．列阵；衣服，盛装arrest v．／n．逮捕，拘留；(心搏)停止arrhythmia n．心律不齐；心律失常arrogance n．骄傲自大，傲慢arrogant a．骄傲自大的，傲慢的artery n．动脉，干线arthritis n．关节炎articular a．关节的articulate v．接合；清晰地发出音来；a．接合起来的；关节联接的"ascertain v. 查明, 弄清, 确定"英语部分aseptic a.无菌的; 防腐的; 冷漠的"ashamed a.惭愧的, 害臊的"asphyxia n．窒息aspirate v．吸出；抽出assassinate v．暗杀，行刺assault v．／n．袭击，攻击assemble v．集合，集会；装配，组装assembly n.集会，会议；装配assert v.断言，宣称assertion n.主张，断言，维护assess v.估价，评价assessment n.估价，评价asset n.财产；宝贵的人(或物)assiduity n.刻苦，勤奋assign v.分配，委派，指定assignment n.分配，委派，任务，(课外)作业assimilate v.吸收；同化assistance n．帮助，援助assistant n．助手，助教associate v．联想，联系，联合，交往，n．合作人，伙伴，同事，adj.同伙的，副的association n．协会，团体；联合，联系，交往，交际；联想assort v．把…分类；为…配备各种物品asthma n．气喘，哮喘astonish v．使惊讶，使吃惊astound v．使震惊，使大吃一惊astronaut n.宇航员astronomy n.天文学asymmetric(al) a．不对称的；偏位的artrium n．心房atropine n．萎缩，虚脱atropine n．阿托品attach v．贴上，系上，附上; 使依附，使属，使依恋attachment n．连接物，附属品附件；依恋attempt v．／n．试图，努力attendant n．服务员 a.在场的；护理的；伴随的attenuate v．变细(小)；减弱减毒; 稀释attic n．顶楼，屋顶室attomey n．辩护律师attract v．吸引，招引，引诱attraction n．吸引(力)，吸引人的事物182/1359attractive a．有吸引力的，有魅力的，动人的atypical a．非典型的;不规则的;不正常的auction v. /n. 拍卖audible a.听得见的audience n.听众，观众；谒见，会见audiometer n.听度计，听力计auditorium n.礼堂；听众席augment v.扩大；增长aural a.听觉器官的;耳的auscultate v.听诊auspice n.预兆，先(前)兆;吉兆Austria n．奥地利"authentic a．可靠的，权威性的,有根据的，真正的"authoritarian a．独裁主义的n．独裁主义者authoritative a．有权威的，可相信的authority n．权力，威信，权威，权威者，(p1．) 当局，官方authorize v．授权，委任；批准，认可autoclave n．高压消毒锅autonomy n.自治，自治权autopsy n.尸体解剖；尸检"auxiliary a.辅助的,从属的n.辅助者,补助者, 助动词""avail v.有利,有益,有助""availability n.可用性,有效性,可得性,可得到的人(或物)""available a.可用的,可得到的,可达到的；有效的"avenge v．替…报仇avenue n．林荫路，大街；途径，手段avert v.转移，防止aviation n.航空；航空学；飞行术awkward a．粗笨的，笨拙的，不灵活的；棘手的，为难的，尴尬的axilla n.腋(窝)bachelor n．单身汉；学土bacillus n．(芽胞)杆菌bacon n.咸肉，熏肉bacterial a.细菌的bactericidal a.杀菌的bacteriology n.细菌学bacterium n．细菌英语部分badge n．徽章baffle v．使挫折，阻碍，使困惑n．迷惑；缓冲板；遮护物bait n．诱饵v．引诱bakery n．面包房，面包店balcony n. 阳台balm n．香油，香脂；止痛药膏bankrupt n．破产者，丧失了名誉的人a．破产的v.使破产bankruquet n．破产banner n．旗(帜)banquet n．宴会v．宴请bar n．棍，横木；障碍；酒吧v.栓上，阻挡，拦住，妨碍barbarian a．野蛮人的，不文明的barber n．理发师barbiturate n．巴比妥盐bargain v．讨价还价n．廉价货；交易，合同barley n．大麦barn n．谷仓，仓库barrel n．桶；枪管，炮管barren a．贫瘠的，不毛的，不育的barrier n．障碍，屏障batch n．一批，一炉baton n．棍棒；指挥棒；警棍battalion n．营；部队；大队(的人)battery n．电池(组)；一套，一组bay n.海湾；a．赤褐色的BCG 卡介苗beak n．(鸟的)嘴；(器皿的)鸟嘴形口beam n．横梁；一束，一道v.(喻) 微笑；发射；发光bean n．豆，菜豆beancurd n．豆腐beard n．胡子behalf n．利益；方面；支持behavior n．行为，举止belly n．肚，腹部bellyache n．腹痛belly-button n．脐belt n.带，腰带benign a．慈祥的，温和的；良性的beriberi n．脚气病183/1359berth n．(车，船)卧铺；座位beset v．镶嵌；困扰bestow v．赠与，给与；花费；安置bet v．赌，打赌n．打赌，赌注betray v．背叛，出卖；泄露，暴露beverage n．饮料bewilder v．使迷惑，难住bewilderment n．迷惑，混乱bias n．偏见，偏心；倾向性；爱好Bible n．圣经bibliography n．目录学；文献目录bicarbonate n．碳酸氢盐bid v．命令，吩咐v／n．报价，投标bilateral a.两边的，双侧的bile n.胆汁biliary a.胆汁的bind v．绑，包扎，束缚binocular a．双目的；双筒的n．双目镜bioactive n．生物活性的biochemistry n．生物化学biographer n．传记作家biopsy n．活组织检查biostatistics n．生物统计学biotic a．生命的；生物的biscuit n．饼干bit n．一片，一点，一些bite v．／n．咬，叮n．一口bitter a．苦的，痛苦的bizarre a．稀奇古怪的，异乎寻常的blackmail n．／v. 敲诈；勒索bladder n．囊，膀胱blade n．叶片，刀片，桨叶blanch v．漂白；使变白；使(植物)不见日光而变白"blast v. 炸掉,摧毁n. 爆炸,一阵(风);管乐器或汽笛声""blaze n. 火焰,火光v. 燃烧"bleach v. 漂白n. 漂白剂blend n．混合物v．混合blister n．水疱v．起疱bloat v．肿胀；n．肿胀病人blonde n．金发碧眼的人a．金发碧眼的blot n．污渍，污点blouse n．女罩衫英语部分blunder n．大错v．犯大错；慌乱地走blunt a．(迟)钝的v．使(迟)钝；减弱blur v．弄脏；(使)模糊不清blush v. 脸红；羞愧boast v．夸口，夸耀n．自夸，大话bold a．大胆的，冒失的bolt n．螺栓，插销v．闩门；脱口说出"bombard v．炮击；轰炸；攻击, 痛斥" bond n．结合；契约；债券bondage n．奴役，束缚bonus n．额外津贴，奖金"boom n. 繁荣,激增,迅速发展"boost v. 升;提高"booster n. 支持者;升压器,激发剂"booth n．电话亭，货摊border n．边界，边境v. 交界；近似；接近boredom n．厌烦，乏味，无趣bosom n．胸；内心；胸怀botanical a．植物学的，植物的botany n．植物学bounce v．弹起，跳起；反跳bound v．／n．跳，跳跃a．必定的boundary n．界线，边界bouquet n．花束bout n．一回；发作bow v．／n．鞠躬，点头n.弓;船头bowel n．肠；内部boycott v．／n．抵制bracelet n．手镯bracket c．支架，托架; 括号v.把…括号内brake v．／n．闸，刹车bran n．麸；糠brass n.黄铜，铜器breach n.破坏；破裂breakdown n．故障；衰竭；崩溃breathtaking a．惊人的，激动人心的breed v．生殖；繁殖；饲养；引起brew v．酿造；调制；煎(药)bribe n．/v. 贿赂bride n．新娘brilliant a.光辉的；卓越的brim n. 边，缘brink n. 边；边沿brisk a. 活泼的；敏捷的184/1359bronchitis n．支气管炎bronchus n．支气管bronze n．青铜；古铜broom n．扫帚broth n．肉汤"bruise n．伤痕，青肿v．碰伤, 使成青肿" brutal a．残忍的，令人难受的buccal a．颊的；口腔的bucket n．吊桶，水桶"bud n．芽，花苞v．发芽,含苞欲放" buffer n．缓冲；缓冲剂；缓冲器v.缓冲bug n．虫，臭虫v．窃听bulge n．v．肿胀；膨出；隆起(物) bumble v．犯大错；结巴地讲话；踉跄buoy n．浮标，救生圈bureau n．署，局burglar n．窃贼burial n．埋葬，葬；埋藏bushel n．蒲式耳butcher n．屠夫，卖肉者buttock n．屁股；臀部button n．扣子，按钮v．扣紧cabbage n．洋白菜，卷心菜cable n．缆，索；电缆；电报，v. 拍电报cadre n．干部；骨骼；骨干cafeteria n．自助餐厅cage n．笼，鸟笼"calamity n．灾害,祸患,不幸事件"calcity v．钙化calcium n．钙calf n．小牛；腓;小腿callous a．起老茧的;无感觉的;冷淡的callus n．胼胝；骨痂，接骨质calorie n．卡(热量单位)camphor n．樟脑cancellation n．取消，删除cancellous a．网眼状的；海绵状的；网状骨质的"candid a．公正的, 正直的；坦率的" "candidate n．候选人, 报考者"cane n．茎；甘蔗；手杖canine n．犬齿canker n．溃疡；口疮cannula n．套管，插管英语部分canteen n．食堂；小卖部canvas n．粗帆布，油画布capacitor n．电容器cape n．海角，岬；披肩capillary n．毛细血管capitalism n．资本主义capitalist n．资本家a．资本主义的capsule n．胶囊；封壳；密闭小舱caption n．(章节，文章等)标题；(图片的) 解说词；(电影片)字幕capture v．捕获，捉拿；夺得，攻占carbohydrate n．碳水化合物；糖类carbonate n．碳酸盐carcinogen n．致癌物carcinogenesis n．致癌作用；癌发生cardiac a．心脏的cardinal a．主要的，基本的；深红的cardiogram n．心电图cardiology n．心脏病学cardiovascular a．心血管的caries n．龋；骨疡；骨疽carrot n．胡萝卜cart n．大车，手推车cartilage n．软骨cartoon n．草图；动画片cartridge n．弹药筒；子弹；软片，胶卷castor n．蓖麻"casual a．偶然的, 碰巧的；临时的,非正式的"casualty n．严重伤亡事故;伤亡人员catabolism n. 分解代谢catalog(ue) n. 目录v．编目catalyst n. 催化剂cataract n. 大瀑布；白内障catastrophe n. 大灾难，大变动category n．种类，类型；范畴cater v．迎合，投合；供应伙食(for) catheter n．导管cathode n．阴极，负极Catholic a．天主教的n．天主教徒caustic a．腐蚀性的；n．腐蚀剂caution n．小心，谨慎；警告v．告诫，警告cautious a．小心的，谨慎的185/1359"celerity n．迅速,敏捷"celery n．芹菜celiac a．腹的；腹腔的cellular a．细胞的；由细胞组成的cellulose n．纤维素cement n．水泥；牙骨质centennial a．一百周年的centigrade a．摄氏温度计的centrifuge v．离心；分离n．离心机cephalic a. 头的，头部的；头侧的cereal a．谷类的，谷类植物的n. (pl.)谷类；谷类食物cerebellum n. 小脑cerebral a．大脑的cerebrum n．大脑certainty n．必然的事，必然，肯定certificate n．证书，证明书certification n．证明certify v．证明cervix n．颈；子宫颈cessation n．停止，休止chain n．链，链条；连锁v．拴住"chamber n．房间;议院；会所；腔,心室" champagne n．香槟酒char v．／n．打杂，(做)家庭杂务charcoal n．炭，木炭；炭笔"charity n. 慈善,仁慈；慈善团体""charm n. 魅力,美貌v．迷人，施魔法"charter v．租船，租车n．宪章chase v．／n．追求，追赶chemotherapy n．化疗cheque n．支票"cherish v．珍爱,怀有(爱情)" chestnut n．栗子;栗树chickenpox n．水痘chill n．凉气，寒气；寒战v. 使寒冷chilly a．凉快的，寒冷的chimney n．烟囱chin n．下巴，颏chip n．薄片，碎片chloride n．氯化物chlorine n．氯(气)chlorophyl n．叶绿素choke v．窒息，噎住；堵塞英语部分cholera n．霍乱cholesterol n．胆固醇chord n．弦，索，带v．协调，和谐；使和谐chorus n．／v．合唱Christian n．基督教徒a. 基督教的chromosome n．染色体chronic a．慢性的，久病的，长期的chronicle n．编年史；历史，记事chyme n．食糜cigar n．雪茄烟cigarette n．香烟，纸烟cilia n．睫；纤毛cinerary a．灰的；骨灰的circadian a．生理节奏的circuit n．电路，环行，巡回circumscribe v．在…周围划线；限制，约束circumstance n．情形，环境，状况circus n．马戏场，杂技场；马戏团cirrhosis n．硬变；肝硬化citrus n．柠檬；柑橘civilization n．文明，文化civilize v．使文明，开化clamo(u)r v．n．吵闹，叫喊clamp n．夹子，夹钳v．夹紧clap v．拍，轻拍，拍手n．拍手喝彩(声) clarify v．澄清，阐明clarity n．清澈，明净clasp n．扣子，钩子v．扣住;紧握，紧抱clatter n．得得声，卡塔声v. 得得地响，卡塔地响clavicle n．锁骨clay n．粘土；肉体，人体cleavage n．劈开；分裂；卵裂"cleave v．(clave；cleaved)粘着,粘住；坚持；依恋"cleave v．(cleft；cleft or cloven)劈开;把…分成几个小部分cleft n．裂，裂口client n．顾客，客户，诉讼委托人climacteric n．更年期；绝经期；转折点cling v．粘住，依附，坚持clip v．夹住，钳n．回形针，夹子clip v．修剪；剪辑186/1359clone v．克隆closure n. 关闭；罩子clown n．小丑，丑角clue n．线索clump n．丛；簇；群；细菌凝块clumsy a．笨拙的，愚笨的clumsy n．串，簇，束clutch v．抓住，攫住coach n．客车，长途汽车；私人教师，教练v．辅导，教练coagulate v．凝结，凝固"coarse a．粗的，粗劣的, 粗糙的,粗俗的" coastal a．海岸的，近海岸的cocaine n．可卡因coccus n．球菌coffin n．棺材coil n．卷，圈v．卷，盘绕coincide v．相符合，相一致coincidence n．巧合，符合coke n．焦炭"colic n．绞痛,急腹痛a. 绞痛的;结肠的" colitis n．结肠炎collaborate v．合作，协作，勾结collaboration n．合作，协作，勾结collagen n．胶原(蛋白)collapse v．倒坍，崩溃；虚脱collide v．碰撞，冲突，抵触collocation n．排列；搭配；配置colloid n．／a．胶体(的)，胶质(的) colloquial a．口语的，会话的colon n．结肠colonel n．(陆军)上校colonist n．殖民者，移民colony n．殖民地；群体; 菌落colossal n．巨像的，巨大column n．柱，柱状物，专栏coma n．昏迷comb n．梳子v．梳理combat v.／n．战斗combination n．结合，联合；化合combine v．结合，联合；化合combustion n．燃烧；氧化comedy n．喜剧，喜剧场面comet n．慧星英语部分comic a．喜剧的，滑稽的commander n．指挥员，司令员commemorate v．纪念commence v．开始commencement n．开始；学位授予典礼(日); 毕业典礼(日)comment n．／v．解说，评论，意见commerce n．商业commercial a．商业的，商务的"commission n．委员会，委托，代办,委托书，佣金，手续费"commitment n．托付；信奉；承诺，保证commodity a．商品，日用品commonplace n．常见的事物；平常话commonsense n．常识a．有常识的；明明白白的；一望而知的communism n．共产主义communist n．共产党员a．共产主义的community n．社区，社会compact a．紧密的，坚实的v．压缩companion n．同伴，伴侣comparison n．比较，比喻compartment n．分隔；空间；隔室compass n．罗盘，指南针compassion n．同情；怜悯compatible a．相容的；一致的compatriot n．同胞"compel v．强迫,使不得不；迫使屈服" "compensate v．补偿,赔偿，酬报" "compensation n．补偿,赔偿；补偿物，赔偿费"ompetence n．能力，胜任；权能，权限competent a．有能力的，能胜任的；应该的；足够的；有权能的competition n．比赛，竞争competitive a．比赛的，竞争的competitor n．竞争者；比赛者；敌手compile v．编辑，编制；搜集，汇编complacence n．自满，自鸣得意complement n．／n．补充，补足；补体．complexion n．肤色；情况，局面；气质，性格complicated a．错综复杂的，麻烦的complication n．复杂，混乱；复杂的情况；187/1359并发病，并发症comply v. 照做；遵守component a．组成的，合成的n. 组成部分；组元；分量；元件compose v．创作，作曲；组成composer n．作曲者；创造者comprehend v．了解，领会；包含，包括comprehensive a．广泛的，综合的；理解的，有理解力的compress v．压缩，浓缩；n．敷布，压布comprise v．包含，包括，构成compromise v．／n．妥协，折衷compulsive a．强迫的，有强迫力的compulsory a．强迫的；义务的concave a．凹的，凹面的conceal v．隐藏，隐瞒，隐蔽concede v．承认；让步；给与"conceit n．自负,自高自大;想法,个人的意见""conceive v．设想,构想;以为;怀胎,怀有" conceptual a．概念的concession n．迁就，让步；特许；特许权；租界concise a．简明的，简洁的，简要的concomitant a．伴随的；伴发的concord n．和谐；协调concrete n．混凝土a．具体的；混凝土制的condemn v．谴责，指责；判刑，宣告有罪condense v．压缩，浓缩，精简；使冷凝condenser n．冷凝器，凝结器；电容器conducive a．有助于…的，有益的"conduct n．行为，品行 v．引导,指挥；传电，传热"conductivity n．传导率；传导性"conductor n．领队，乐队指挥；售票员,列车员；导体"conduit n．管道；导管confer v．授予；协商conference n．会议，讨论会confess v．承认，坦白，忏悔confine v．限制，局限于；管制，禁闭confront v．使面对，使面临；正视congenital a．先天的，天生的congest v．充满；拥挤；充血英语部分congestion n．充满；拥挤；充血"congress n．大会；国会,议会"conjecture v．推测；假设conjoin v．结合，连接conjugate n．结合，使成对conjunction n．结合，联合；连接; 关联；连接词conjunctiva n．结膜conjuncture n．结合；紧要关头conquer v．征服，战胜conquest n．征服，赢得conscience n．良心，良知conscientious a．认真的；诚心诚意的；谨慎的conscious a．有意识的，知觉的consecutive a．连续的，连贯的；顺序的consensus n．一致；舆论；同感，交感consent v．／n．同意，答应consequence n．后果，影响；重要性consequent a．作为结果的，随后发生的n．当然的结果，推论conservation n．保存，保护；守恒conserve v．保存，保藏；保养considerate a．考虑周到的，体谅的consideration n．考虑，思考；体谅consistent a．前后一致的，始终如一的console v．安慰，慰问consolidate v．巩固，加强；合并，联合consonance n．调和，一致；共鸣．conspicuous a．明显的；惹人注目的constipation n．便秘constituent a．形成的，组成的n．选民；成分constitute v．组成，构成"constitution n．构成，机构,成分,体格,体质；宪法"constraint n．强逼，强制；紧张感，紧张状态constrict v．压缩，收缩；阻塞consult v．商量，咨询；会诊"consultant n．请教者；商议者；顾问,会诊医生"consume v．消费，消耗consumption n．消费，消耗；肺结核；结核188/1359contact v.／n．接触，联系，交往contagious a.传染的"contain v.容纳,含有，装有""container n.容器,集装箱" "contaminate v.弄脏,污染；传染" "contamination n.污染,沾染物" "contemplate v.注视,沉思；期待,仔细考虑" contemporary a．现代的，当代的n.同时代的人，同年龄的人"contempt n．轻蔑，藐视；受辱,丢脸" contend v．竞争，斗争；争论content n．内容，目录；容量，含量n．／a．满足(的)，甘愿(的)contest v．竞赛，比赛；争夺context n．上下文，前后关系continence n．自制，节制；节欲continent n．大陆，洲contingent a．可能(发生)的，偶然的，意外的；应急的n．意外事件；代表团；小分队contour n．轮廓，外形contraceptive a．避孕的n．避孕药物／用具contract n．契约，合同，包工v．收缩；得(病) contractile a．可收缩的contractor n．订约人；承包人；收缩肌contradict v．反驳；同…矛盾，同…抵触contradiction v．矛盾；反驳contraindicate v．禁忌contralateral a．对侧的"contrast v.对照,对比v.形成对比,使对照" controversial a．争论的；爱争论的；引起争论的controversy n．争论，论战；争吵convalescent a．恢复健康的，渐愈的；恢复期的n．恢复中的病人convenience n．便利，方便；(pl.)便利设备convenient a．便利的，方便的convention n．大会，会议；习俗，惯例；公约，协定"conventional a．惯例的，常规的,传统的;协定的"converge v．会聚，集中conversation n．会话，谈话convey v．运送，运输；传达，传播conviction n．定罪；深信，确信英语部分convince v．使信服，使确信convulsion n．震动；痉挛，惊厥cooper n．制桶工人，修桶工人v.修桶；挫败；毁掉coordinate a．同等的，对等的，并列的v．使成为同等；使协调coordination n．同等，调整；协作；协调cope v．应付，对付copious a．丰富的，大量的copyright n．版权，著作权cord n．绳，索；索状组织cordial a．诚恳的，亲切的，热诚的;刺激的；强心的n.兴奋剂cork n．软木塞cornea n．角膜coronary a．冠状的corporate a．社团的；共同的；全体的corporation n．团体，公司corps n．军团，部队corpse n．死尸，尸体corpuscle n．小体，细胞，血球；微粒corridor n．走廊corrosion n．腐蚀，侵蚀；锈corrupt a．腐化的，贪污的v．腐蚀；贿赂cortex n．皮质cosmetic n．化妆品a．化妆用的，美容的cosmic a．宇宙的，广大无边的cosmos n．宇宙；秩序，和谐costal a.肋骨的costume n.服装，戏装cottage n.村舍，别墅council n．理事会，委员会，议事机构counsel n．商议；忠告；法律顾问，辩护人v．劝告，忠告countenance a．面部表情；脸色county n；郡，县courteous a．有礼貌的courtesy n．礼貌；殷勤；好意cousin n．堂(表)兄弟，堂(表)姐妹covert a．隐藏的；暗地里的coward n．懦夫cozy n．暖和舒服的；舒适的crack n．裂纹，龟裂v．破裂，砸开；发爆炸声189/1359cradle n．摇篮；婴儿时期cramp n．夹，钳；(病性)痉挛，绞痛crane n．鹤；起重机 v．伸(颈)；用起重机起吊cranium v．头盖(骨)；颅crave v．渴望，热望credulous a．轻信的"creed n．信条；信念,纲领"cripple n．跛子；残废的人(或动物)crisis n．危机crisp a．松脆的；清新的，爽快的；干脆的v．使发脆criterion n．标准，准则criticism n．批评；评论criticize v．批评；评论crook n．钩；钩状物"crooked a.弯的，歪的；扭曲的,不正当的" crown n．王冠；牙冠crucial a．决定性的，紧要关头的；严酷的，极困难的cruel a．残酷的，残忍的cruelty n．残酷，残忍；残酷行为cruise v．巡航；巡游；(出租汽车)兜客n．巡航，巡游crumb n．碎屑；面包屑；点，滴，少许v．弄碎crumple v．把…弄皱；打垮crust n．面包皮；外壳;痂皮crutch n．拐杖；支柱v.支撑"crux a．十字形；难事,关键,最重要点" crotherapy n．冷冻疗法cuckoo n．杜鹃，布谷鸟cucumber n．黄瓜cue n．(人或车等候着的)长队；发辫cuff n．袖口；护腕cultivate v. 耕作，栽培，养殖；培养cultural a．文化的；教养的；栽培的cunning a．／n．狡猾(的)，狡诈(的) cupboard n．碗柜，木橱curb n．／v. 控制、抑制、约束curiosity n．好奇心；珍品；古玩curl v.卷曲，蜷缩n．卷发curriculum n．学校的全部课程；(一门)课程"curse v．诅咒,咒骂"英语部分"curtain n．窗帘,幕(布)""curve v．弄弯,使成曲线n.曲线，弯曲" cushion n．垫子，坐垫cusp n．尖，尖端customary a．通常的，常例的，习惯的cutaneous a．皮的cute a．伶俐的，逗人爱的cylinder n．圆柱体，圆筒；气缸cyst n．囊(肿)cytogenetics n．细胞遗传学cytology n．细胞学dagger n．匕首；短剑；剑号dairy n. 牛奶场，奶店damn n.／v．诅咒dander n. 头皮屑；怒火dandruff n. 头垢；头皮屑dangle v. 摇晃地悬挂着datum n. (p1．)资料，材料"debris n. 瓦砾堆，废墟,碎片"decay v.／n．腐朽，腐烂，衰败deceit n. 欺骗；虚假；欺骗行为deceive v. 欺骗，蒙蔽"decent a. 体面的，像样的,相当好的;正派的，得体的"deception n．欺骗，蒙蔽；骗术decibel n．分贝deciliter (decilitre) n．分升，十分之一升decimal a．小数的，十进制的deck n．甲板；桥面；层面decolourize v．使…脱色；将…漂白decompensate v．代偿失调decompose v．分解，使腐败，使腐烂decorate v. 装饰，装潢，布置decubitus n. 褥疮"dedicate v. 奉献，献身,致力""deduce v. 演绎，推演,推断" "deduction n. 推论；演绎,扣除"deem v.认为，相信defeat v．／n．战胜，挫败defecate v．澄清，净化；排粪，通大便defect n．缺点，缺陷defence n．防御，保卫；(pl．)防务，工事defend v．保卫，防守；辩护；答辩defense n．防御，保卫；防务(pl．)防御工事；190/1359辩护"defensive a．防御的，保卫的n.防御,守势" deference n．听从；敬重deferent a.输送的;输出的;输精的defervescence n.退热deficiency n.缺乏，不足；营养缺乏症deficit n.短缺；赤字definite a.明确的，确定的，限定的definition n.定义，解释；明确性deflate v.排放…(空)气；解除气胀deflection n.偏离；偏转deform v.损坏…的形状，使…变形deformation n．形状损坏；变形；畸形deformity n．变形，畸形；畸形的人defy v．向…挑战；公然对抗，蔑视degenerate v．蜕化；变质；变性degradation n．降级；低落；退化；陵削；降解；衰变degression n．下降；递减dehydration n．脱水delegate n．代表deleterious a．(对身心)有害的；有毒的deliberate a．深思熟虑的，审慎的，蓄意的v．仔细考虑deliberately ad．审慎地；故意地，蓄意地delicate a．纤弱的，娇嫩的；易碎的；优美的，精美的，精致的delineate v．描绘；叙述delitescence n．潜伏期；潜伏状态；(炎症) 突然消退delusion n．幻想；妄想；错觉dementia n．痴呆democracy n．民主；民主政体democratic a．民主的，民主主义的; 民主政体的demography n.人口统计学demonstrate v.表明；演示；论证，证明demonstration n.表明，示范；论证；示威denial n.否认，拒绝；拒绝相信denominate v.给…命名；称呼…为denote v.指示；意味着denounce v.斥责；告发，揭发；废除dense a.密的，稠密的，浓厚的density n.密度，密集；稠密英语部分dental a.牙齿的；牙科的dentistry n.牙科学denture n.一副牙齿；假牙；全口假牙deodorant a.除臭的n．除臭剂depart v.出发，离开departure n.出发，离开dependant n.受赡养者；侍从depict v.描绘，描述。
博士入学考试英语中常见的翻译词汇 (1)
百度文库 - 让每个人平等地提升自我！分类词汇homogeneous 同质的 homo + gene +ous(＜＞ heterogeneous)^ homo***ual, hetero***ual mainstream 主流主流的dialect 方言 (v.s. accent)discrepancy 差异misconception 误解 (mis + concept + ion)= misunderstandingbarrier 障碍(物)~ bar, = barricadediscrimination 区别，歧视 racial/***ual discrimination? discriminate (+against)hierarchy 等级制度 heir + arch(govern) + yinsularity 岛国性质 (? insular, ^island)British industry has often been criticized for its linguistic insularity.microcosm 小天地 micro + cosm(os)nostalgia = homesicknesspatriot 爱国者 (＜＞traitor)à patriotic, patriotismnotoriety 恶名 (? notorious)counterpart 对应人，对等物Who’s George Bush’s counterpart in China?^ counterculture, counterbalancepeer 同等的人凝视，窥视(~ peep)subordinate 下级下级的＜＞ superiortactics 战术，技巧 v.s. strategy (战略，策略)marketing strategy v.s. selling tacticsnuance a subtle difference in meaningcompatriot 同胞同胞的 com + patriotvernacular 本地的，本国的本地话，本国话 the vernacular languages of IndiaHispanic An American whose first language was Spanishimmigration 移入~ immigrant, immigratev.s. emigration (~ emigrant, emigrate)antipodes Any two places or regions on diametrically opposite sides of the Earth“from North America to the Antipodes”permeate 渗透，弥漫 Smoke permeated the house.entrepreneur 企业家(~ enterprise)à entrepreneurshippractitioner 开业者，从业者 praction(practice) + ercelebrity a famous person= luminary, VIPproxy 代理人anecdote 轶事(à anecdotal)benchmarking 类比分析punctual 准时的，守时的(à punctuality)absenteeism 旷工absent à absentee à absenteeismflextime 弹性工作时间 flex(flexible) + timeharass 骚扰(à harassment)Mary said that Gary had ***ually harassed her. redundancy 冗余，冗员 network redundancydownsize 裁员 (~ lay off)ballot 投票 (= vote)impartial 不偏不倚的 (＜＞ partial)lobby 大堂(n.) 游说(v.)dubbing 配音录制1百度文库 - 让每个人平等地提升自我！vogue 时尚 ^ chicbizarre 奇异的 v.s. weird (怪异的)mediocre 平庸的dietitian 饮食学家 (~ diet)connoisseur 行家，鉴赏家^ entrée, a la carteshortlist (BE) a list of applicants who have been deemed suitable and from which the successful person will be chosen à (v.)equilibrium 平衡，均衡questionnaire 调查表，问卷quantitative 定量的 (＜＞ qualitative)contingency 偶然性，偶然事件incur 招致 incur debts/hatred/dangerv.s. occur, concur, recurethical 伦理的，符合伦理的 ~ ethics, ＜＞ unethicaldubious 疑惑的，可疑的 (~ doubt)People were dubious about the result.manifestation 显示，证明 (? manifest)subtitle 字幕，副标题 (sub + title)^ subsidiary, submarine, subway (BE: underground, tube), suburb(~ downtown, uptown, outskirts考博英语翻译中可能涉及的热点词汇总裁助理 assistant president综合治理 comprehensive treatment安居工程 housing project for low-income urban residents信息化 information-based; informationization智力密集型 concentration of brain power; knowledge-intensive外资企业 overseas-funded enterprises下岗职工 laid-off workers分流 reposition of redundant personnel三角债 chain debts素质教育 education for all-round development豆腐渣工程 jerry-built projects社会治安情况 law-and-order situation民族国家 nation 台独"independence 台湾当局 Taiwan 台湾同胞 Taiwan stateof Taiwan" authorities compatriots台湾是中国领土不可分割的一部分。
全国博士入学考试英语词汇
全国博士入学考试英语词汇annoy；vt.使苦恼, 骚扰annual；n.一年生植物, 年刊, 年鉴adj.一年一次的, 每年的, 一年生的anonymous；adj.匿名的antenna；n.天线a；art.一n.字母Aabdomen；n.腹, 腹部abide；vi.坚持, 遵守vt.忍受, 容忍abound；vi.多, 大量存在, 富于, 充满abrupt；adj.突然的, 陡峭的, 生硬的accessory；n.附件, 零件, 附加物, 从犯, 同谋者adj.附属的, 补充的, 同谋的, 副的accidental；adj.意外的, 非主要的, 附属的n.非本质属性, 次要方面acclaim；n.喝彩, 欢呼v.欢呼, 称赞accommodate；vt.供应, 供给, 使适应, 调节, 和解, 向...提供, 容纳, 调和vi.适应accommodation；n.住处, 膳宿, (车, 船, 飞机等的)预定铺位, (眼睛等的)适应性调节, (社会集团间的)迁就融合accountant；n.会计(员), 会计师accumulate；v.积聚, 堆积accuracy；n.精确性, 正确度accurate；adj.正确的, 精确的accustomed；adj.通常的, 习惯的, 按照风俗习惯的acknowledge；vt.承认, 答谢, 报偿acquaint；vt.使熟知, 通知acquaintance；n.相识, 熟人acquire；vt.获得, 学到acquisition；n.获得, 获得物acrobat；n.(走钢丝的)杂技演员, 随机应变者, 翻云覆雨者activate；vt.刺激, 使活动vi.有活力actual；adj.实际的, 真实的, 现行的, 目前的acute；adj.敏锐的, [医]急性的, 剧烈addict；vt.使沉溺, 使上瘾n.入迷的人, 有瘾的人adequate；adj.适当的, 足够的adjacent；adj.邻近的, 接近的adjective；n.形容词adjoin；v.邻接, 毗连administer；v.管理, 给予, 执行administration；n.管理, 经营, 行政部门admission；n.允许进入, 承认某事之陈述, 供认adolescent；adj.青春期的, 青春的n.青少年adore；v.崇拜, 爱慕, (口语)喜爱advent；n.(尤指不寻常的人或事)出现, 到来advocate；n.提倡者, 鼓吹者vt.提倡, 鼓吹aerial；adj.航空的, 生活在空气中的, 空气的, 高耸的n.天线aesthetic；adj.美学的, 审美的, 有审美感的affiliate；v.(使...)加入, 接受为会员affluent；adj.丰富的, 富裕的agency；n.代理处, 行销处, 代理, 中介agenda；n.议程agent；n.代理(商)aggravate；vt.使恶化, 加重aggressive；adj.好斗的, 敢作敢为的, 有闯劲的, 侵略性的agitate；v.搅动, 摇动, 煽动, 激动agony；n.苦恼, 极大的痛苦aircraft；n.航行器aisle；n.走廊, 过道album；n.集邮本, 照相簿, 签名纪念册alert；adj.提防的, 警惕的n.警惕, 警报alien；n.外侨adj.外国的, 相异的, 不同, 背道而驰allege；vt.宣称, 断言alleviate；vt.使(痛苦等)易于忍受, 减轻alliance；n.联盟, 联合allocate；vt.分派, 分配allowance；n.津贴, 补助, 宽容, 允许vt.定量供应alloy；n.合金vt.使成合金, 减低成色ally；v.结盟, 与...(在血统, 性质等上)有关联, 同盟n.同盟国, 支持者alongside；adv.在旁prep.横靠alter；v.改变alternate；adj.交替的, 轮流的, 预备的v.交替, 轮流, 改变alternative；n.二中择一, 可供选择的办法, 事物adj.选择性的, 二中择一的aluminium；n.[化]铝adj.铝的aluminum；n.[化]铝ambassador；n.大使ambiguous；adj.暧昧的, 不明确的ambitious；adj.有雄心的, 野心勃勃的ambulance；n.战时流动医院, 救护车amend；v.修正, 改进, 改正amiable；adj.亲切的, 和蔼可亲的amid；prep.在...中ample；adj.充足的, 丰富的amplifier；n.[电工]扩音器, 放大器amplify；vt.放大, 增强v.扩大analogue；n.相似物, 类似情况, 对等的人analogy；n.类似, 类推analyse；vt.分析, 分解n.分析analysis；n.分析, 分解analytic；adj.分析的, 解析的analyze；vt.分析, 分解anchor；n.锚v.抛锚, 锚定ancient；adj.远古的, 旧的anecdote；n.轶事, 奇闻anguish；n.痛苦, 苦恼vt.使极苦闷, 使极痛苦vi.感到痛苦anticipate；vt.预期, 期望, 过早使用, 先人一着, 占先v.预订, 预见, 可以预料antique；n.古物, 古董adj.古时的, 过时的anxiety；n.忧虑, 焦急, 渴望, 热望apology；n.(为某种思想, 宗教, 哲学等)辩解, 道歉appal；v.惊骇appall；vt.使胆寒, 使惊骇apparatus；n.器械, 设备, 仪器apparent；adj.显然的, 外观上的appeal；n.请求, 呼吁, 上诉, 吸引力, 要求vi.求助, 诉请, 要求vt.控诉appendix；n.附录, 附属品, [解]阑尾appetite；n.食欲, 胃口, 欲望, 爱好applaud；v.拍手喝彩, 称赞, 赞同applause；n.鼓掌欢迎, 欢呼appliance；n.用具, 器具applicable；adj.可适用的, 可应用的application；n.请求, 申请, 申请表, 应用, 运用, 施用, 敷用应用,应用程序,应用软件appraisal；n.评价, 估价(尤指估价财产,以便征税), 鉴定appreciate；vt.赏识, 鉴赏, 感激vi.增值, 涨价appropriate；adj.适当的approval；n.赞成, 承认, 正式批准approve；vi.赞成, 满意vt.批准, 通过v.批准approximate；adj.近似的, 大约的v.近似, 接近, 接近, 约计apt；adj.易于...的, 有...倾向的, 灵敏的, 灵巧的, 适当的, 切题的, 敏捷, 倾向是arbitrary；adj.任意的, 武断的, 独裁的, 专断的arch；n.拱门, 弓形结构, 拱形v.(使)弯成弓形adj.主要arithmetic；n.算术, 算法array；n.排列, 编队, 军队, 衣服, 大批vt.部署, 穿着, 排列arrogant；adj.傲慢的, 自大的artery；n.动脉, 要道articulate；adj.有关节的, 发音清晰的vt.用关节连接, 接合, 清晰明白地说artistic；adj.艺术的, 有美感的, 风雅的ascend；v.攀登, 上升ascertain；vt.确定, 探知ashore；adv.向岸地, 在岸上地aspect；n.样子, 外表, 面貌, (问题等的)方面aspire；vi.热望, 立志assassinate；vt.暗杀, 行刺assault；n.攻击, 袭击v.袭击assemble；vt.集合, 聚集, 装配vi.集合assembly；n.集合, 装配, 集会, 集结, 汇编assert；v.断言, 声称assess；vt.估定, 评定asset；n.资产, 有用的东西assimilate；v.吸收assist；v.援助, 帮助assistance；n.协助, 援助, 补助, <英>国家补助assistant；n.助手, 助教adj.辅助的, 助理的associate；vt.使发生联系, 使联合vi.交往, 结交n.合作人, 同事adj.副的 association；n.协会, 联合, 结交, 联想assumption；n.假定, 设想, 担任, 承当, 假装, 作态assurance；n.确信, 断言, 保证, 担保assure；vt.断然地说, 确告, 保证, 担保astonish；vt.使惊讶astronaut；n.太空人, 宇航员astronomy；n.天文学athlete；n.运动员, 运动选手attempt；n.努力, 尝试, 企图vt.尝试, 企图attendant；n.服务员attorney；n.<美>律师, (业务或法律事务上的)代理人attribute；n.属性, 品质, 特征, 加于, 归结于auction；n.拍卖vt.拍卖audit；n.审计, 稽核, 查帐vt.稽核, 旁听vi.查账auditorium；n.听众席, 观众席, <美>会堂, 礼堂augment；v.增加, 增大n.增加aural；adj.听觉的authentic；adj.可信的authority；n.权威, 威信, 权威人士, 权力, 职权, 典据, 著作权威auto；n.<美口>汽车automatic；n.自动机械adj.自动的, 无意识的, 机械的automation；n.自动控制, 自动操作automobile；n.<主美>汽车(=<英>motor car,car)autonomy；n.自治auxiliary；adj.辅助的, 补助的avail；vi.有益于, 有帮助, 有用, 有利vt.有利于n.效用, 利益available；adj.可用到的, 可利用的, 有用的, 有空的, 接受探访的avert；v.转移aviation；n.飞行, 航空, 航空学, 航空术aware；adj.知道的, 明白的, 意识到的awe；n.敬畏vt.敬畏awkward；adj.难使用的, 笨拙的axis；n.轴bachelor；n.单身汉, 文理学士, 幼雄兽badminton；n.羽毛球bait；n.饵, 诱惑物vt.以饵引诱(动物), 把饵装上, 欺负, 折磨vi.中途休息bald；adj.光秃的, 单调的, 枯燥的ballet；n.芭蕾舞, 芭蕾舞剧, 芭蕾舞乐曲ballot；n.选举票, 投票, 票数vi.投票bandage；n.绷带banquet；n.宴会barbecue；n.吃烤烧肉的野餐barn；n.[农]谷仓, 畜棚, 畜舍, 机器房barrel；n.桶vt.装入桶内barren；adj.不生育的, 不孕的, 贫瘠的, 没有结果的, 无益的, 单调的, 无聊的, 空洞的n.荒地barrier；n.(阻碍通道的)障碍物, 栅栏, 屏障baseball；n.棒球, 棒球运动basement；n.地下室, 墙脚basin；n.盆, 盆地, 水池basis；n.基础, 基本, 根据, 主要成分(或要素), (认识论中的)基本原则或原理bat；n.蝙蝠, 球棒v.用球棒击球[计] 批处理文件的扩展名abbr.[军] Basic Armor Training, 装甲兵基础训练batch；n.(面包等)一炉, 一批battery；n.电池, 殴打battle；n.战役(指大规模会战), 战争vi.作战, 战斗, 搏斗, 斗争bay；n.海湾, 狗吠声, 绝路vt.吠, 使走投无路vi.吠bearing；n.轴承, 关系, 方面, 意义, 方向, 方位beast；n.兽, 畜牲, 人面兽心的人behalf；n.为, 利益behave；vi.举动, 举止, 运转v.行为表现belly；n.腹部, 胃vi.涨满beloved；adj.心爱的n.所爱的人, 爱人bench；n.长椅子benign；adj.(病)良性的, (气候)良好的, 仁慈的, 和蔼的betray；vt.出卖, 背叛, 泄露(秘密), 露出...迹象beware；v.小心, 谨防bewilder；vt.使迷惑, 使不知所措, 使昏乱bias；n.偏见, 偏爱, 斜线vt.使存偏见bibliography；n.(有关一个题目或一个人的)书目, 参考书目bid；vt.出价, 投标, 祝愿, 命令, 吩咐n.出价, 投标v.支付billion；n.adj.十亿(的)bin；n.箱柜[计] 二进制文件的扩展名bind；v.绑, 镶边, 装订, 凝固, 约束biography；n.传记bit；n.小块, 少量, 片刻, 马嚼子, 辅币vt.上马嚼子, 控制vbl.咬n.[计]位, 比特bizarre；adj.奇异的(指态度,容貌,款式等)blackmail；n.勒索, 勒索所得之款vt.勒索blanket；n.毯子vt.覆盖blast；n.一阵(风), 一股(气流), 爆炸, 冲击波vt.爆炸, ,毁灭, 使枯萎, 损害blaze；n.火焰, 光辉, 情感爆发vi.燃烧, 照耀, 激发vt.在树皮上刻路标, 公开宣布bleak；adj.寒冷的, 阴冷的, 荒凉的, 凄凉的, 黯淡的blend；vt.混和n.混和block；n.木块, 石块, 块, 街区, 印版, 滑轮, 阻滞, (一)批vt.防碍, 阻塞blossom；n.花(尤指结果实者), 花开的状态, 兴旺期vi.开花, 兴旺, 发展blueprint；n.蓝图, 设计图, 计划vt.制成蓝图, 计划blunder；v.跌跌撞撞地走, 犯大错, 做错n.大错, 失误blunt；adj.钝的, 生硬的blur；v.涂污, 污损(名誉等), 把(界线,视线等)弄得模糊不清, 弄污n.污点blush；v.脸红, 羞愧, 呈现红色, 使成红色n.脸红, 红色, 红光boast；n.自夸, 值得夸耀的事物v.自夸, 以有...而自豪bold；adj.大胆的n.粗体bolt；n.门闩, 螺钉, 闪电, 跑掉v.上门闩, 囫囵吞下, 逃跑bond；n.结合(物), 粘结(剂), 联结, 公债, 债券, 合同v.结合bonus；n.奖金, 红利boom；n.繁荣, 隆隆声v.发隆隆声, 兴隆, 大事宣传boost；v.推进boot；n.<美> (长统)靴, 靴子v.导入booth；n.货摊, 售货亭, 棚border；n.边界, 国界, 边, 边沿, 边境vt.与...接壤, 接近v.接壤bosom；n.胸部, 胸, 胸怀, 内心, 内部, 中间, 任何温暖、舒适而熟悉的地方vt.怀抱, 隐匿bounce；v.(使)反跳, 弹起, (指支票)被银行退票, 弹跳n.(球)跳起, 弹回bound；n.跃进, 跳, 范围, 限度adj.正要启程的, 开往...去的, 被束缚的, 装订的v.跳跃, 限制boundary；n.边界, 分界线bowel；n.肠adj.内部, 同情心bowl；n.碗, 碗状物, 木球v.滚, (板球)投球bowling；n.保龄球boycott；n.vt.联合抵制, 联合排斥某国货物或与某国绝交brace；n.支柱, 带子, 振作精神vt.支住, 撑牢, 振作起来, 奋起adj.曲柄的v.支持bracket；n.墙上凸出的托架, 括弧, 支架v.括在一起branch；n.枝, 分枝, 分部, 分店, (学科)分科, 部门, 支流, 支脉v.出现分歧brand；n.商标, 牌子, 烙印vt.打火印, 污辱brass；n.黄铜, 黄铜制品, 厚脸皮breach；n.违背, 破坏, 破裂, 裂口vt.打破, 突破breadth；n.宽度, (布的)幅宽, (船)幅breed；v.(使)繁殖, 教养, 抚养n.品种, 种类breeze；n.微风, 煤屑, 焦炭渣, 轻而易举的事, 小风波vi.吹微风, 逃走bribe；n.贿赂vt.贿赂, 向...行贿brick；n.砖, 砖块, 砖形物(如茶砖,冰砖等), <口>心肠好的人bride；n.新娘briefcase；n.(扁平的, 柔韧的, 装文件, 书报的)公文包brim；n.(杯, 碗等)边, 边缘, (河)边vt.注满, 使满溢vi.满溢brisk；adj.敏锐的, 凛冽的, 轻快的, 活泼的vt.使活泼vi.活跃起来brittle；adj.易碎的, 脆弱的brochure；n.小册子bronze；n.青铜(铜与锡合金), 铜像adj.青铜色的brook；n.小溪vt.容忍broom；n.扫帚, [植]金雀花vt.扫除brow；n.眉毛, 额, (面部)表情brush；n.刷子, 毛刷, 画笔vt.刷, 掸, 拂brutal；adj.残忍的, 兽性的bubble；n.泡沫, 幻想的计划vi.起泡, 潺潺的流bucket；n.桶, 一桶的量, [桶壮物]铲斗bud；n.芽, 蓓蕾vi.发芽, 萌芽budget；n.预算vi.做预算, 编入预算buffet；n.餐具柜, 小卖部, 殴打, 打击v.打击, 搏斗bulb；n.鳞茎, 球形物bulk；n.大小, 体积, 大批, 大多数, 散装vt.显得大, 显得重要bulletin；n.公告, 报告bully；n.欺凌弱小者vt.威吓, 威逼bump；n.撞击, 肿块v.碰(伤), 撞(破), 颠簸bunch；n.串, 束v.捆成一束bundle；n.捆, 束, 包v.捆扎bureau；n.办公桌, 衣柜<美>局, 办公署bureaucracy；n.官僚, 官僚作风, 官僚机构burglar；n.夜贼burst；v.爆裂, 炸破, 急于, 爆发n.突然破裂, 爆发, 脉冲butcher；n.屠夫, 屠户vt.屠宰, 屠杀bypass；n.旁路vt.设旁路, 迂回by-pass；旁通; 旁通道; 绕流管; 分路迂回cab；一种压缩文件格式n.出租马车, 出租汽车, 计程车, (机车, 卡车, 起重机的)司机室, 驾驶室vi.乘出租马车cabin；n.小屋, 船舱cabinet；n.(有抽屉或格子的)橱柜, <美>内阁adj.<美>内阁的, 小巧的cable；n.电缆, 海底电报, 缆, 索v.打(海底)电报cafeteria；n.自助餐厅calcium；n.[化]钙(元素符号Ca)calculate；v.计算, 考虑, 计划, 打算v.<美>以为, 认为calendar；n.日历, 历法camel；n.骆驼, [船](打捞用的)浮筒camera；n.照相机camp；n.露营地, 阵营vi.露营, 扎营campaign；n.[军]战役, (政治或商业性)活动, 竞选运动vi.参加活动, 从事活动, 作战canal；n.运河, 小道, 导管, 槽, 沟渠vt.开运河candidate；n.候选人, 投考者canoe；n.独木舟, 轻舟canteen；n.小卖部, 食具箱, 饭盒, (军用)水壶canvas；v.彻底讨论探究n.帆布cape；n.海角, 岬capital；n.首都, 首府, 大写字母, 资本, 资金, 资产adj.首都的, 重要的, 死罪的, 大写的, <口>极好的capitalism；n.资本主义capsule；n.(植物)蒴果, 胶囊, 瓶帽, 太空舱captive；n.俘虏, 被美色或爱情迷住的人adj.被俘的, 被迷住的carbohydrate；n.[化]碳水化合物, 醣类carbon；n.[化]碳(元素符号C), (一张)复写纸cardinal；n.枢机主教, 红衣主教adj.主要的, 最重要的caress；n.爱抚, 接吻vt.抚爱carpet；n.地毯carriage；n.马车, 客车, 运费, 姿态, （机械）车架carrier；n.运送者, 邮递员, 带菌者, (自行车等)行李架, 搬运器, 航空母舰n.[电]载波（信号）cart；n.大车, 手推车vt.用车装载carve；v.雕刻, 切开cassette；n.盒子, 盒式磁带cast；n.投掷, 铸件, 脱落物, 一瞥, 演员表v.投, 抛, 投射, 浇铸, 计算, 派(角色) casual；adj.偶然的, 不经意的, 临时的casualty；n.伤亡catalog；n.目录, 目录册v.编目录catalogue；n.目录catastrophe；n.大灾难, 大祸category；n.种类, 别, [逻]范畴cater；vi.备办食物, 满足(需要), 投合cathedral；n.大教堂catholic；n.天主教徒adj.天主教的cattle；n.牛, 家养牲畜caution；n.小心, 谨慎, 警告vt.警告cautious；adj.谨慎的, 小心的cease；v.停止, 终了ceiling；n.天花板, 最高限度celebrity；n.名声, 名人cement；n.水泥, 接合剂vt.接合, 用水泥涂, 巩固vi.粘牢cemetery；n.墓地, 公墓census；n.人口普查centigrade；adj.分为百度的, 百分度的, 摄氏温度的central；adj.中心的, 中央的, 重要的, 主要的, 中枢的, 走中间道路的n.<美>电话总机cereal；n.谷类食品, 谷类ceremony；n.典礼, 仪式, 礼节, 报幕员certificate；n.证书, 证明书vt.发给证明书, 以证书形式授权给...certify；v.证明, 保证chalk；n.粉笔, 白垩vt.用粉笔写, 和以白垩challenge；n.挑战vt.向...挑战chamber；n.室, 房间, 议院, 会所, (枪)膛champagne；n.香槟酒, 香槟色champion；n.冠军, 拥护者, 战士vt.拥护, 支持chancellor；n.长官, 大臣channel；n.海峡, 水道, 沟, 路线vt.引导, 开导, 形成河道信道,频道chaos；n.混乱, 混沌(宇宙未形成前的情形)chap；n.<俗>伙伴, 家伙, 小伙子, 颚, 颊v.(使)皲裂chapter；n.(书籍)章charge；n.负荷, 电荷, 费用, 主管, 掌管, 充电, 充气, 装料v.装满, 控诉, 责令, 告诫, 指示, 加罪于, 冲锋, 收费charity；n.慈善, 施舍, 慈善团体chart；n.海图, 图表vt.制图charter；vt.租, 包(船、车等)n.宪章chase；n.追赶, 追击vt.追赶, 追逐, 雕镂cheat；n.欺骗, 骗子v.欺骗, 骗取cheer；n.愉快, 欢呼v.(使)快活, (对)欢呼chef；n.厨师cheque；n.支票cherish；vt.珍爱, 怀抱(希望等)cherry；n.樱桃, 樱桃树, 如樱桃的鲜红色, <俚, 鄙>处女膜, 处女chess；n.国际象棋chin；n.下巴, 下颚chip；n.碎片, 筹码v.削成碎片, 碎裂芯片chop；n.砍, 排骨, 官印, 商标vt.剁碎, 砍, (风浪)突变chorus；n.合唱, 合唱队, 齐声chronic；adj.慢性的, 延续很长的cinema；n.电影院, 电影circuit；n.电路, 一圈, 周游, 巡回circular；adj.圆形的, 循环的n.函件通知circulate；v.(使)流通, (使)运行, (使)循环, (使)传播circumstance；n.环境, 详情, 境况circus；n.马戏团, 杂技团, 马戏场, 杂技场cite；vt.引用, 引证, 提名表扬civil；adj.全民的, 市民的, 公民的, 国民的, 民间的.民事的, 根据民法的, 文职的, 有礼貌的civilian；n.平民, 公务员, 文官adj.民间的, 民用的civilisation；n.<主英>=civilizationclaim；n.(根据权利提出)要求, 要求权, 主张, 要求而得到的东西vt.(根据权利)要求, 认领, 声称, 主张, 需要clap；n.拍手声, 霹雳声v.鼓掌, 轻拍clarify；v.澄清, 阐明clarity；n.清楚, 透明clash；n.冲突, 撞击声, 抵触v.(使)发出撞击声, 猛撞, 冲突clasp；n.扣子, 钩, 紧握, 抱住v.扣紧, 紧握, 搂抱, 密切合作clause；n.子句, 条款clay；n.粘土, 泥土, 肉体, 人体, 似黏土的东西, 陶土制的烟斗clergy；n.(集合称)圣职者, 牧师, 僧侣, 神职人员clerk；n.职员, 办事员, <美> 店员click；v.发出滴答声n.滴答声client；n.[计]顾客, 客户, 委托人cliff；n.悬崖, 绝壁climate；n.气候, 风土, 思潮climax；n.高潮, 顶点climb；v.攀登, 爬n.攀登, 爬cling；vi.粘紧, 附着, 紧贴, 坚持(意见), 墨守(习惯)clinic；n.门诊部, 临床clip；n.夹子, 回形针, 子弹夹vt.夹住, 剪短, 修剪cloak；n.斗蓬, 宽大外衣, 掩护vt.用外衣遮蔽, 披斗篷clumsy；adj.笨拙的cluster；n.串, 丛vi.丛生, 成群clutch；v.抓住, 攫住n.离合器coach；n.四轮大马车, 长途汽车, 教练v.训练, 指导coalition；n.合并, 接合, 联合coarse；adj.粗糙的, 粗鄙的cocaine；n.古柯碱,可卡因cognitive；adj.认知的, 认识的, 有感知的coherent；adj.粘在一起的, 一致的, 连贯的cohesive；adj.粘着的coil；v.盘绕, 卷coincide；vi.一致, 符合coincidence；n.一致, 相合, 同时发生或同时存在(尤指偶然)的事coke；n.可乐, 焦炭v.(使)成焦炭collaborate；vi.合作, 通敌colleague；n.同事, 同僚collection；n.收藏, 征收, 搜集品, 捐款collective；adj.集体的n.集体collide；vi.碰撞, 抵触collision；n.碰撞, 冲突colonel；n.陆军上校, 团长colonial；adj.殖民的, 殖民地的 n.殖民地居民colony；n.殖民地, 侨民, (聚居的)一群同业, 一批同行, (生物)群体column；n.圆柱, 柱壮物, 专栏, 纵队comb；n.梳子, 梳, 鸡冠, 蜂巢vi.梳(发), 搜索combat；n.战斗, 格斗v.战斗, 搏斗, 抗击combination；n.结合, 联合, 合并, 化合, 化合物combine；v.(使)联合, (使)结合n.联合企业, 联合收割机n.联合收割机comedy；n.喜剧, 喜剧性的事情comic；n.滑稽演员adj.滑稽的, 喜剧的command；n.命令, 掌握, 司令部v.命令, 指挥, 克制, 支配, 博得, 俯临commemorate；vt.纪念commence；v.开始, 着手commend；vt.称赞, 表扬, 推荐, 委托, 吸引comment；n.注释, 评论, 意见vi.注释, 评论commerce；n.商业commercial；adj.商业的, 贸易的commission；n.委任, 委托, 代办(权), 代理(权), 犯(罪), 佣金vt.委任, 任命, 委托, 委托制作, 使服役commit；vt.犯(错误), 干(坏事), 把...交托给, 提交, 答应负责committee；n.委员会commodity；n.日用品commonplace；n.平凡的事, 平常话adj.平凡的commonwealth；n.国民整体, 共和国, 联邦communicate；v.沟通, 通信, (房间、道路、花园等)相通, 传达, 感染communication；n.传达, 信息, 交通, 通讯communism；n.共产主义community；n.公社, 团体, 社会, (政治)共同体, 共有, 一致, 共同体, (生物)群落commute；v.交换, 抵偿, 减刑, <电工>整流compact；adj.紧凑的, 紧密的, 简洁的n.契约, 合同, 小粉盒companion；n.同伴, 共事者compartment；n.间隔间, 车厢compass；n.罗盘, 指南针,圆规v.包围compassion；n.同情,怜悯compatible；adj.谐调的, 一致的, 兼容的compel；vt.强迫, 迫使compensate；v.偿还, 补偿, 付报酬compensation；n.补偿, 赔偿competent；adj.有能力的, 胜任的competition；n.竞争, 竞赛compile；vt.编译, 编辑, 汇编complain；v.抱怨, 悲叹, 控诉complaint；n.诉苦, 抱怨, 牢骚, 委屈, 疾病complement；n.补足物, [文法]补语, [数]余角vt.补助, 补足complex；adj.复杂的, 合成的, 综合的n.联合体complicate；v.(使)变复杂complicated；adj.复杂的, 难解的complication；n.复杂化, (使复杂的)因素n.[医]并发症compliment；n.称赞, 恭维, 致意, 问候, 道贺vt.称赞, 褒扬, 恭维comply；vi.顺从, 答应, 遵守component；n.成分adj.组成的, 构成的composite；adj.合成的, 复合的n.合成物compound；n.混合物, [化]化合物adj.复合的v.混合, 配合comprehensive；adj.全面的, 广泛的, 能充分理解的, 包容的comprise；v.包含, 由...组成compromise；n.妥协, 折衷v.妥协, 折衷, 危及...的安全compulsory；adj.必需做的, 必修的, 被强迫的, 被强制的, 义务的conceal；vt.隐藏, 隐蔽, 隐瞒v.隐蔽concede；vt.勉强, 承认, 退让vi.让步conceive；vt.构思, 以为, 持有vi.怀孕, 考虑, 设想concentrate；v.集中, 浓缩concept；n.观念, 概念conception；n.观念, 概念concert；n.音乐会, 一致concession；n.让步concise；adj.简明的, 简练的conclude；v.结束, 终止, 决定, 作出结论vt.推断, 断定, 缔结, 议定conclusion；n.结束, 缔结, 结论concrete；adj.具体的, 有形的n.混凝土v.用混凝土修筑, 浇混凝土, 凝结condense；v.(使)浓缩, 精简condition；n.条件, 情形, 环境, 社会地位vt.以...为条件, 使达到要求的情况confer；vt.授予(称号、学位等), 赠与, 把...赠与, 协议v.协商, 交换意见conference；n.会议, 讨论会, 协商会confidential；adj.秘密的, 机密的conflict；n.斗争, 冲突vi.抵触, 冲突conform；vt.使一致, 使遵守, 使顺从vi.符合, 相似, 适应环境adj.一致的, 顺从的 confront；vt.使面临, 对抗congress；n.(代表)大会, [C～] (美国等国的)国会, 议会conjunction；n.联合, 关联, 连接词connexion；n.联系, 连结conscientious；adj.尽责的consecutive；adj.连续的, 联贯的consensus；n.一致同意, 多数人的意见, 舆论consent；vi.同意, 赞成, 答应n.同意, 赞成, 允诺consequence；n.结果, [逻]推理, 推论, 因果关系, 重要的地位consequently；adv.从而, 因此conservation；n.保存, 保持, 守恒conservative；adj.保守的, 守旧的n.保守派consist；vi.由...组成, 在于, 一致consistent；adj.一致的, 调和的, 坚固的, [数、统]相容的console；vt.安慰, 藉慰n.[计] 控制台consolidate；v.巩固conspicuous；adj.显著的conspiracy；n.共谋, 阴谋constant；n.[数、物]常数, 恒量adj.不变的, 持续的, 坚决的constituent；n.委托人, 要素adj.有选举权的；有宪法制定［修改］权的constitute；vt.制定(法律), 建立(政府), 组成, 任命constitution；n.宪法, 构造, 体质, 体格, 国体, 章程, 惯例constrain；vt.强迫, 抑制, 拘束construct；vt.建造, 构造, 创立construction；n.建筑, 建筑物, 解释, 造句consult；v.商量, 商议, 请教, 参考, 考虑consultant；n.顾问, 商议者, 咨询者contact；n.接触, 联系vt.接触, 联系contaminate；v.污染contemplate；v.凝视, 沉思, 预期, 企图contemporary；n.同时代的人adj.当代的, 同时代的contempt；n.轻视, 轻蔑, 耻辱, 不尊敬, [律]藐视法庭(或国会)contend；v.斗争, 竞争, 主张content；n.内容, 容量, 目录, 满足adj.满足的, 满意的, 愿意vt.使满足contest；n.论争, 竞赛v.,争论, 争辩, 竞赛, 争夺context；n.上下文, 文章的前后关系continent；n.大陆, 陆地continual；adj.连续的, 频繁的, 持续不断的continue；v.继续, 连续, 延伸continuous；adj.连续的, 持续的contract；n.合同, 契约, 婚约v.使缩短, 感染, 订约contradict；vt.同...矛盾, 同...抵触contradiction；n.反驳, 矛盾contrary；adj.相反的, 逆的, <口语>执拗n.反面adv.相反地contrast；vt.使与...对比, 使与...对照vi.和...形成对照n.对比, 对照, (对照中的)差异contrive；v.发明, 设计, 图谋controversial；adj.争论的, 争议的controversy；n.论争, 辩论, 论战convenience；n.便利, 方便, 有益, 有用的, 方便的用具、机械、安排等convenient；adj.便利的, 方便的convention；n.大会, 协定, 习俗, 惯例conventional；adj.惯例的, 常规的, 习俗的, 传统的conversation；n.会话, 交谈conversely；adv.倒地,逆地conversion；n.变换, 转化convert；n.皈依者vt.使转变, 转换...,使...改变信仰convict；vt.证明...有罪, 宣告...有罪n.罪犯conviction；n.深信, 确信, 定罪, 宣告有罪convince；vt.使确信, 使信服cooperative；adj.合作的, 协力的coordinate；n.同等者, 同等物, 坐标(用复数)adj.同等的, 并列的vt.调整, 整理cop；n.警官, 巡警, [纺]管纱vt.抓住copper；n.铜, 警察cord；n.绳索, 束缚cordial；n.兴奋剂, 兴奋性饮料adj.热忱的, 诚恳的, 兴奋的corner；n.角落, (街道)拐角处, (遥远的)地区, 偏僻处, 困境, 绝路vt.迫至一隅, 垄断, 使陷入绝境, 把...难住vi.相交成角, 囤积(in)corporation；n.[律]社团, 法人, 公司, 企业, <美>有限公司, (市, 镇的)自治机关, <口>大肚皮correspond；vi.符合, 协调, 通信, 相当, 相应correspondence；n.相应, 通信, 信件correspondent；n.通讯记者, 通信者corresponding；adj.相应的, 通讯的corridor；n.走廊corrode；v.使腐蚀, 侵蚀corrupt；adj.腐败的, 贪污的, 被破坏的, 混浊的, (语法)误用的vt.使腐烂, 腐蚀, 使恶化vi.腐烂, 堕落cosmic；adj.宇宙的costume；n.装束, 服装cosy；adj.舒适的, 安逸的cottage；n.村舍, 小别墅couch；n.(文学)床, 睡椅 v.(用语言)表达council；n.政务会, 理事会, 委员会, 参议会, 讨论会议, 顾问班子, 立法班子counsel；n.讨论, 商议, 辩护律师vt.劝告, 忠告counter；n.计算器, 计数器, 计算者, 柜台, 筹码adv.prep.相反地counterpart；n.副本, 极相似的人或物, 配对物coupon；n.息票, 商家的优待券courage；n.勇气, 精神course；n.过程, 经过, 进程, 方针, 路线, 跑道, 课程, 一道菜v.追猎, 急行, 运行, 流动学业court；n.法院, 庭院, 朝廷, 宫庭, 球场, 奉承, 求爱, 殷勤vt.向...献殷勤, 追求, 设法获得(他人的支持等), 博得(喝彩), 招致(失败、危险等)vi.求爱courtesy；n.谦恭, 允许, 礼貌coward；n.懦弱的人, 胆小的人crab；n.螃蟹, 类似螃蟹的动物, 脾气乖戾的人, 吹毛求疵vi.捕蟹, 偏航, 发牢骚vt.使偏航, 发脾气, 破坏crack；n.裂缝, 噼啪声v.(使)破裂, 裂纹, (使)爆裂adj.最好的, 高明的cradle；n.摇篮, 发源地, 支船架vt.将...放在摇篮内craft；n.工艺, 手艺crane；n.起重机crash；n.碰撞, 坠落, 坠毁, 撞击声, 爆裂声v.碰撞, 坠落, 坠毁, (指商业公司, 政府等)破产, 垮台crawl；vi.爬行, 蠕动, 徐徐行进n.爬行, 蠕动, 缓慢的行进credentials；n. 信任状credit；n.信任, 信用, 声望, 荣誉, [财务]贷方, 银行存款vt.相信, 信任, 把...归给creep；vi.爬, 蹑手蹑脚, 蔓延crew；n.全体人员, (工作)队vbl.crow的过去式cricket；n.[昆]蟋蟀, [运动]板球criminal；n.罪犯, 犯罪者adj.犯罪的, 犯法的, 罪恶的cripple；n.跛子v.削弱crisis；n.疾病的转折点(或转好或恶化), 决定性时刻, 危机, 危险期, 历史上的紧要关头, [医]危象, 转换期crisp；adj.脆的, 易碎的criterion；n.(批评判断的)标准, 准据, 规范critic；n.批评家, 评论家, 吹毛求疵者critical；adj.评论的, 鉴定的, 批评的, 危急的, 临界的criticise；v.批评, 吹毛求疵, 非难criticism；n.批评, 批判criticize；v.批评, 责备crow；n.乌鸦, 似乌鸦的鸟, 撬棍vi.啼叫, 报晓, (婴孩)格格地笑crowd；n.人群, 群众, 一堆(东西), 一伙v.群集, 拥挤, 挤满crown；n.王冠, 花冠, 顶vt.加冕, 顶上有, 表彰, 使圆满完成crucial；adj.至关紧要的cruel；adj.残酷的, 悲惨的, 使痛苦的crush；vt.压碎, 碾碎, 压服, 压垮, 粉碎, (使)变形crust；n.外壳, 硬壳, 面包皮vt.盖以硬皮vi.结硬皮cube；n.立方体, 立方cultivate；vt.培养, 耕作cunning；adj.狡猾的, 巧妙的, <美>漂亮的, 可爱的n.狡猾, 诡诈curb；n.路边curiosity；n.好奇心curious；adj.好奇的, 求知的, 古怪的, 爱挑剔的curl；v.(使)卷曲currency；n.流通current；adj.当前的, 通用的, 流通的, 现在的, 草写的, 最近的n.涌流, 趋势, 电流, 水流, 气流curriculum；n.课程curse；n.诅咒, 咒语, 祸根, 祸因vt.诅咒, 咒骂, 降祸, 使受罪curtain；n.窗帘, 门帘v.装上门帘curve；n.曲线, 弯曲, [棒球]曲线球, [统]曲线图表vt.弯, 使弯曲vi.成曲形customary；adj.习惯的, 惯例的cyberspace；n.电脑空间cylinder；n.圆筒, 圆柱体, 汽缸, 柱面dairy；n.牛奶场, 奶品场, 售牛奶, 奶油, 鸡蛋等的商店, 奶制品damp；n.湿气adj.潮湿的vt.使潮湿, 阻尼, 使衰减, 使沮丧, 控制, 抑止dash；n.少量(搀加物), 冲撞, 破折号, 锐气, 精力, 干劲vi.猛掷, 冲撞vt.泼溅, 使猛撞,搀和, 使破灭, 使沮丧, 匆忙完成datum的复数, [计] 资料, 数据database；n.[计] 数据库, 资料库dazzle；v.(使)眼花, 眩耀n.耀眼dean；n.(大学)院长, 主持牧师, (基督教)教长deceit；n.欺骗, 谎言deceive；v.欺骗, 行骗decent；adj.正派的, 端庄的, 有分寸的, (服装)得体的, 大方的adj.<口>相当好的、象样的decimal；adj.十进的, 小数的, 以十为基础的, 十进制n.小数decisive；adj.决定性的declaration；n.宣布, 宣言, 声明declare；vt.断言, 宣称, 宣布, 宣告, 声明, (向海关)中报进口应纳税之货物decline；vi.下倾, 下降, 下垂v.拒绝, 衰落n.下倾, 下降, 下垂, 斜面, 斜坡, 衰败, 衰落decorate；v.装饰, 为...做室内装修decrease；n.减少, 减少之量v.减少dedicate；vt.献(身), 致力, 题献(一部著作给某人)deduce；vt.推论, 演绎出deduct；vt.扣除, 演绎deed；n.行为, 事实, 功绩, 实行, 契约vt.立契转让(旧产等)deem；v.认为, 相信defeat；n.击败, 战胜, 失败vt.击败, 战胜, 使失败, 挫折v.击败defect；n.过失, 缺点defence；n.防卫, 防卫设备n.[律](被告的)答辩、辩护defend；vt.防护, 辩护, 防卫, [律]作...的辩护律师defense；n.(D-)(美国)国防部, 防卫, 防卫物vt.谋划抵御deficiency；n.缺乏, 不足deficit；n.赤字, 不足额define；vt.定义, 详细说明definite；adj.明确的, 一定的definition；n.定义, 解说, 精确度, (轮廓影像等的)清晰度defy；vt.不服从, 公然反抗, 藐视, 挑衅, 违抗, 使...难于n.挑战degenerate；adj.退化的v.退化delegate；n.代表vt.委派...为代表deliberate；adj.深思熟虑的, 故意的, 预有准备的v.商讨delicate；adj.精巧的, 精致的, 病弱的, 脆弱的, 微妙的, 棘手的, 灵敏的, 精密的delight；n.快乐, 高兴, 喜悦v.(使)高兴, (使)欣喜demand；n.要求, 需求(量), 需要v.要求, 需要, 要求知道, 查询democracy；n.民主政治, 民主主义democratic；adj.民主的, 民主主义的, 民主政体的, 平民的demonstrate；vt.示范, 证明, 论证vi.示威denial；n.否认, 否定, 谢绝, 拒绝denote；vt.指示, 表示。
博士入学考试英语中常见的翻译词汇
分类词汇:homogeneous同质的反义词：heterogeneousdialect方言 (v.s. accent)discrepancy差异misconception误解 (mis + concept + ion)= misunderstanding barrier障碍(物) bar, = barricadediscrimination区别、歧视 racial ~， discriminate (+against) hierarchy等级制度 heir(继承人) + arch(govern) + yinsularity岛国性质 (insular, island)British industry has often been criticized for its linguistic insularity.microcosm小天地 micro + cosm(os)nostalgia=homesickness, patriot爱国者 patriotic, patriotism notoriety恶名 (notorious)counterpart 对应人，对等物 counterculture, counterbalance peer 同等的人凝视，窥视(~ peep)subordinate下级下级的 superiortactics战术，技巧 v.s. strategy(战略，策略)marketing strategy v.s. selling tactics nuance ﹦ a subtle difference in meaning compatriot同胞 , 同胞的 com + patriotvernacular本地的，本国,本地话，本国话 the vernacular languages of India . Hispanic whose first language was Spanish immigration移入 immigrant, immigrate；emigration迁出 (emigrant, emigrate)antipodes： opposite sidespermeate渗透，弥漫 Smoke permeated the house. entrepreneur企业家 enterprise entrepreneurship practitioner开业者，从业者 praction (practice) + er celebrity： a famous person= luminary, VIPproxy代理人anecdote轶事 (anecdotal)benchmarking类比分析punctual准时的，守时的 ( punctuality) absenteeism 旷工 absent absentee 缺席者flextime 弹性工作时间 flex(flexible) + time harass 骚扰 (harassment)redundancy 冗余，冗员 network redundancy downsize 裁员 ( lay off)ballot 投票 (= vote)impartial 不偏不倚的 (partial)lobby 大堂(n.) 游说(v.)dubbing 配音录制vogue 时尚bizarre 奇异的 weird (怪异的)mediocre 平庸的dietitian 饮食学家 (diet)connoisseur 行家，鉴赏家equilibrium 平衡，均衡questionnaire 调查表，问卷quantitative 定量的contingency 偶然性，偶然事件incur 招致 debts/hatred/danger occur 发生, concur 同意一致, recur 复发ethical 伦理的，符合伦理的 ethics, unethicaldubious 疑惑的，可疑的 (doubt) be dubious about manifestation 显示，证明 ( manifest)subtitle 字幕，副标题 subsidiary 辅助的, submarine 潜水, subway 地铁, suburb 乡镇考博英语翻译中可能涉及的热点词汇总裁助理： assistant president综合治理： comprehensive treatment安居工程： housing project for low-income urban residents信息化： information-based; informationization智力密集型： concentration of brain power; knowledge-intensive外资企业： overseas-funded enterprises下岗职工： laid-off workers分流： reposition of redundant personnel 过剩人员的重新定位三角债： chain debts素质教育： education for all-round development豆腐渣工程： jerry-built projects 草率的社会治安情况： law-and-order situation民族国家： nation state台独： independence of Taiwan台湾当局： Taiwan authorities台湾同胞： Taiwan compatriots台湾是中国领土不可分割的一部分： Taiwan is an inalienable part of the Chinese territory.西部大开发： Development of the West Regions可持续性发展： sustainable development风险投资： risk investment通货紧缩： deflation扩大内需： to expand domestic demand计算机辅助教学： computer-assisted instruction (CAI)网络空间： cyberspace虚拟现实： virtual reality网民： netizen (net citizen)电脑犯罪： computer crime电子商务： the e-business网上购物： shopping online应试教育： exam-oriented education学生减负： to reduce study load下岗： laid-off workers下海： plunge into the commercial sea下网： off line小康之家： well-off family; comfortably-off family新秀： up-and-coming star, rising star新新人类： New Human Being； X Generation信息港： info port形象小姐/先生： image representative of a product or a brand虚拟网： virtual net学生处： students' affairs division (分配、分派)研究生毕业证/学位证： graduate diploma/ graduate degree's diploma 摇钱树： cash cow以人为本： people oriented; people foremost义务教育： compulsory education易拉罐： pop can应试教育： examination-oriented education system舆论导向： direction of public opinion运球： dribble在职博士生： on-job doctorate早恋： puppy love招生就业指导办公室： enrolment and vocation guidance office (职业)证券营业部： stock exchange; security exchange知识产权： intellectual property rights中专生： secondary specialized or technical school student中流砥柱： mainstay, chief corner stone专卖店： exclusive agency; franchised store (营业权)自我保护意识： self-protection awareness综合国力： comprehensive national strength综合业务数字网： integrated service digital network (ISDN)公正、公平、公开： just, fair and open好莱坞大片： Hollywood blockbuster (大轰动)黄金时段： prime time假唱： lip-synch(同步)劲射： power shot拉拉队： cheering squad(小组、班级)来电显示电话机： caller ID telephone论文答辩： (thesis) oral defense泡沫经济： bubble economy票贩子： scalper, ticket tout (兜售)拳头产品： competitive products; knock-out products; blockbuster三角恋爱： love triangle三维动画片： three-dimensional animation"扫黄"、"打非"： eliminate pornography and illegal publications (色情)申办奥运会： bid for the Olympic Games实现中华民伟大复兴： bring about a great rejuvenation of the Chinese Nation (复兴，中华民族)市场疲软： sluggish market (停滞的，萧条的)素质教育： education for all-around development筒子楼： tube-shaped apartment脱贫致富： cast (shake, throw) off poverty and set out on a road to prosperity (繁荣、昌盛)网吧： Internet bar网恋： online love affair网上冲浪： surf the Internet网上交易平台： online trading platform网友： net friend无人售票： self-service ticketing无绳来电显示电话： cordless telephone with caller ID无线应用协议： WAP (wireless application protocol )附录:英语翻译与写作常用动宾词组一、政治类：把…捐给慈善机构：donate …to charities把…看成社会公敌：look upon … as a threat to society把…列为基本国策：list… ..as fundamental national policies把…作为指导：take… as the guide把理论和实际结合起来：integrate theory with practice …把握大局： grasp the overall situation摆脱贫穷落后： get rid of poverty and backwardness保护妇女权利不受侵犯：guarantee (protect) women’s rights against infringement采取各种措施： adopt various measures参政、议政： participate in the management of State affairs充满信心和力量： be filled with confidence and strength打破僵局： break the deadlock打破禁区： break off a forbidden zone得出结论： draw ( arrive at， come to reach ) a conclusion锻造一支人民军队：forge a people’s army对…具有深远的影响： have a far-reaching impact on对…做出重要(巨大)贡献： make important (great, major )contributions to反对各种形式的恐怖主义： be opposed to all forms of terrorism反腐倡廉： combat corruption and build a clean government高举伟大旗帜： hold high the great banner (旗帜)给…带来机遇和挑战： present (bring) both opportunities and challenges to根除 (防止，消除)腐败： root out (prevent, eliminate) corruption观察当今世界： observe the present-day world缓和紧张状况： ease the tension回顾奋斗历程： review the course of struggle加快改革步伐： accelerate the speed of reform加强舆论监督： ensure that the correct orientation is maintained in public opinion坚持改革开放政策： adhere to the reform and open policy坚持统一，反对分裂，增加：persist in reunification,，oppose separation, increase了解，化解歧见： understanding and iron out differences减轻农民负担：alleviate farmer’s burden解放思想： emancipate our minds (解放)解决温饱问题： solve the problem of food and clothing解决新问题： resolve new problems进入世界先进行列： edge into the advanced ranks in the world进入新时期： enter a new period进行和谈： hold peace talks进行战略性调整： make strategic readjustment就…接受妥协： accept a compromise on开发西部： remake the west (再制，改造)开始生效： go into effect (enter into force)开拓前进： open up new ways forward科教兴国：rejuvenate our country through science and education (恢复) 理顺关系：rationalize the relationship (使合理化)履行权利和义务：perform the responsibilities and obligations迈出重要的一步：make an important step热爱和平：love peace深化改革：deepen the reform审时度势：size up the situation (打量，估计)实现发展繁荣：bring about development and prosperity实现民族独立：realize national independence实现夙愿：fulfill the long-cherished wishes实现小康目标：achieve the goal of ensuring our people a relative comfortable life (确保)实现中华民族伟大复兴：bring about a great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation实行新政策：practice new policies受到全世界广泛关注：attract extensive attention worldwide缩小差别：bridge (narrow) the gap完成中华民族的振兴大业：implement the revitalization of our nation 维护世界和平：maintain world peace吸收各国文明的先进成：absorb what is advanced in other civilizations 下放权力给：delegate the management of ... (to ...) (委托，代表，授权；管理)退还大量钱款：give back an amount of money脱贫致富：cast (shake, throw) off poverty and set out on a road to prosperity完善服务：perfect services为… 带来多种经济和社会效益：bring multiple economic and social benefits to…为…提供巨大商机：present huge business opportunities吸收游资：absorb idle fund吸引外商投资：attract foreign investment下海：plunge into the commercial sea陷入困境：land oneself in deep trouble向…投资巨额资金：invest huge amounts of money into消灭假冒伪劣产品：wipe out fake products以经济建设为中心：focus on the central task of economic construction 以质量求生存、求发展、求效益：strive for survival, development and efficiency on the basis of equality (努力，反抗)优胜劣汰：select the superior and eliminate the inferior优先发展公共运输：give priority to the development of public transportation有巨大潜力：have huge potential for与国际市场接轨：integrate with the world market; become integrated into the global market在… 建立分公司：set up branches in造成很大压力：pose a big pressure on造成损失：cause a loss to增加农业投入：invest more in agriculture占领市场10%：occupy (take，account for ) 10 percent of the market (占；考虑)招商引资：attract (bid for, invite) investments (from overseas)制订… 法律：make a law of制定优惠政策：work out favorable policy制造假象：create smoke screens to do阻碍… 的经济发展：handicap(hamper) the economic development 阻止人才流失：stop the talent flight (brain drain)遵循市场经济的规律：follow the law of market economy三、文化生活类不注重历史：neglect history把… 列为世界自然文化遗产：list …as a world natural heritage site摆架子(摆谱儿)：put on airs (show off，keep up appearances)(外表) 保护文化遗产：protect cultural heritage (relics)(遗物，文物)博采各国文化之长：draw on strong point of the cultures of other countries (优点)采取保护态度：take protective attitude承担应有的义务：undertake the due obligations承前启后，继往开来：build on the past and prepare for the future，inherit the past and usher in the future(引导，引入)充分发挥知识分子的积极性和创造性：give full play to the initiative and creativity of intellectuals触击现行法律的盲区：touch a blank area of the existing law (现存的) 创建卫生城市：build a nationally advanced clean city辞旧迎新：bid farewell to the old and usher in the new (ring out the old year and ring in the new) (命令，吩咐；宣布离去，包围)从事电子商务工作：conduct e-commerce (引导，实施)促进儿童身心健康发展：promote the healthy development of children both physically and mentally(身心)促进交流：promote the communication促进文化市场健康发展：facilitate the sound development of the markets for cultural products( 推进，促进)促进相互了解：enhance (further) mutual understanding得到群众的广泛支持：enjoy grass-root support抵住… 的诱惑：resist the temptation of对…持欢迎态度：take a welcoming attitude to对…情有独钟：show special preference (favor) to发挥…的聪明才智：develop one’s own talents and wisdom发挥潜力：tap one’s potential繁荣文学艺术：enable literature and art to flourish；promote flourishingliterature and art反映中国的灿烂文化：reflect the rich culture of China放下架子：relinquish haughty airs (get off one’s high horse；throw off one’s airs) (松开，放开；傲慢的，自大的)腐蚀人的灵魂：poison one’s mind (毒物，有害之物)改进教学：improve teaching and learning给学生减负：alleviate the burden on students和… 持相同观点：share views similar to互派访问学者：exchange visiting scholars激发旅游热情：stimulate enthusiasm for traveling继承历史文化优秀传统：carry on the fine cultural traditions handed from history；carry on the fine historical and cultural traditions加强文化基础设施建设：build more cultural establishments讲诚信，反欺诈：honor credibility and oppose cheating (可信性) 交换意见：exchange views (ideas, opinions)教书育人：impart knowledge and educate people (传授，告知)经受住暴风雨的考验：weather the storm(处境，境遇)精心编写教材：compile the textbooks with great care净化因特网：purify the Net举办文化节( 展览会)：hold (conduct, give) cultural festivals (an exhibition)举行学术会议：hold an academic meeting开创假日经济：initiate Holiday Economy开发潜力：exploit one’s potential开阔视野：widen one’s vision (horizon)开设课程：offer courses开展对外文化交流：conduct cultural exchange with other countries开展群众性文化活动：carry out mass activities on culture攀登事业的高峰：climb one’s career ladder评估学业成绩：evaluate academic scores (achievements)破除迷信：eradicate superstition (根除，消灭；迷信，盲目崇拜) 普及九年制义务教育：make nine-year compulsory education universal 普及科普知识，传播科学思想，倡导科学精神：popularize scientific and technological knowledge，spread scientific thought and advocate the scientific spirit启发学生：enlighten the students容纳三千名旅客：accommodate 3000 passengers扫除文盲：eliminate (wipe out) illiteracy上网：get on (have access to , be wired to) Internet实施以德育为核心来挑选选手：carry on the quality education centering on moral education to choose players同教练反应一致：share the same reaction with their coach为奥林匹克运动和世界和平做出贡献：make contribution to the Olympics movement and world peace卫冕世界冠军：regain world champion(收复，恢复；蝉联冠军) 吸引中国大学生优秀选手：attract China’s top university players向世界顶级球队学习：learn from the world’s top teams与对手较量： take on an opponent与强队竞争： compete with strong teams增进友谊： strengthen friendship展示技能：demonstrate their skills展示中国足球的最新发展：demonstrate(show) the latest development of China’s soccer支持北京申办 2008 年奥运会：support Beijing’s bid for the 2008 Olympic Games主办奥运会：host the Olympic Games主办中国大学生篮球联赛：sponsor the China University Basketball Association league抓住练习和学习的机会：grasp the chance to practise and learn响应号召：respond to the call修改法律：amend the laws宣布… 召开：announce the opening of徇私枉法：bend the law for the benefit of relatives or friends依法治国：govern the country according to law引起全国的关注：arouse the concern of the whole nation引起全世界广泛关注： attract extensive attention worldwide赢得一个又一个胜利：win one victory after another在… 中起(至关)重要作用： play a major(crucial, an important ) role in 增强凝聚力：enhance the rally power(重整，集合)增强综合国力和国际竞争： enhance comprehensive(overall) national strength and international competitiveness展望伟大征程： look into the great journey展现生机和活力：display one’s vigor and vitality战胜无数的困难： overcome numerous difficulties振兴西部：revive the west振兴中华民族：rejuvenate(revitalize) our nation政企不分： mix up the functions of the government and enterprises政企分开：separate government functions from enterprise management 政务公开： make government affairs public主张各国政府采取行动：urge governments of all countries to takeaction抓住机遇：seize the opportunity转变政府职能：transform(shift) the government functions追求进步：pursue progress追求真理：seek the truth走进新时代：march(stride) into the new era.遵纪守法、廉洁奉公： observe the relevant code of conduct and the lawand honestly perform one's official duties (规则，惯例；指挥，引导；执行，履行，完成)遵循规则： follow the principles二、经济类爱岗敬业： cherish posts and devote wholeheartedly to work (全神贯注地，把…奉献给…)保持国民经济发展的良好势头： maintain a good momentum of growth in the national economy (动力，势头)保持国有股： keep the State-held shares保证下岗职工的基本生活：guarantee the basic needs of laid-off workers被指控接受贿赂： be accused of accepting bribes采取不同的办法：adopt various methods采取反垄断措施： take anti-monopoly measures承担风险：bear(take) risk筹集足够的资金：raise enough funds (capital, proceeds) (收益，收入) 创收外汇：earn foreign exchange (currency) (货币，流通)刺激国内经济需求：spur domestic demand刺激国内需求：stimulate domestic demand从粗放经济转变为集约经济：shift from extensive economy tointensive economy从国外引进先进技术和管理经验：introduce from abroad the advanced technology and management expertise促进地区间的合作：promote regional cooperation促进改革： promote reform促进全球经济一体化：foster integration with the global economy打黑：crack down on speculation and profiteering (制裁；思索，投机；倒卖；投机倒把)打假：take strong measures against fake and shoddy products(crack down on counterfeit goods) (伪劣的，假冒的)打破垄断： break the monopoly对…提出控告(投诉)：lodge complaints against…对…造成(构成)威胁： form (pose) a threat to…夺回失去的市场：take back lost market发挥自身优势：give full play to one’s advantages (小心，谨慎)防范和化解金融风险： take precautions against and reduce financial risks 改善投资环境：improve the environment for investment赶超先进：surpass the advanced给… 带来积极影响： bring a more positive impact on…根据市场作出调整：gear ourselves to the market orientation公证财产：notarize the properties (对…公正)和…达成(签订)协议：reach(sign) an agreement with (签字) 和…进一步合作：further cooperation with和…有合作关系： have cooperative ties with活跃市场：enliven the market集中精力把经济建设搞上去：go all out for economic development (全力以赴)计算出准确的工资水平： figure out an exact salary level加快经济发展和结构调整：speed up economic development and restructuring加快竞争步伐：accelerate the competition加快努力： speed up efforts加强风险防范：prepare oneself against possible risks加强管理：reinforce the management减缓通货紧缩的压力：ease the seriousness of deflation减轻… 的负担： reduce (lighten) the burden of (on)减员增效： downsize for efficiency; cut payroll to improve efficiency(效能，功效；薪金总额)剪彩： cut the ribbon(缎带，丝带)解除劳动关系：sever labor relation(断绝，中断)解放生产力：emancipate the productive forces ( free the productivity) 精简机构：streamline government organs (使简单化)竟争上岗： compete for the post举报非法行为：disclose any illegal activities (揭露，公开)开辟更多渠道： open more channels开发(青睐)中国市场：tap(favor) the Chinese market开拓市场：exploit markets控制通货膨胀： control inflation(keep inflation under control)扩大贫富差距：widen the gap between the rich and the poor扩大消费市场：expand consumption market留职停薪：retain the job but suspend the salary(维持，悬挂，中止) 面对可能的压力和竞争：face possible pressure and competition牟取暴利：seek excessive profits平衡经济(的发展)： balance economy取缔非法收入： ban unlawful incomes (illegal earnings)让…处于同一起跑线：put… on the same platform and at the same starting point让位于竞争需要：give way to the need for competition申请专利： apply for a patent实现目标： realize the goal适应… 的发展： adapt oneself to the development of损失惨重： suffer great losses缩小不平衡状态： decrease the imbalance缩小… 间的距离： narrow the gap between提高公务员工资： raise the salaries of civil servants提高管理水平：raise the management level提高居民生活：improve residents’standard of living调整产业结构：adjust the industrial structure推广科研成果精神：turn laboratory achievements into commercial以创新和实践为重点：emphasizing creativity and practice使英语达到更高水平：push one’s English to a higher level受到… 的关注：receive attention from疏导游客：divert tourists疏通关系：lubricate relationships (给…加润滑油)树立企业良好形象：foster a good and healthy company image刷卡, 划卡：punch the card; stamp the card(用力按；邮戳)陶冶情操：cultivate one’s taste(temperament)提倡文明的生活方式：advocate civilized lifestyle (way of life)提高公务员的综合素质： improve the overall quality of civil servants 提高全民反毒品的意识： raise the consciousness of the entire people vs. drugs提高知名度：raise one’s prestige提供受教育机会：offer a chance of education通过资格考试：pass qualification examinations透过现象看本质：see through the appearance to perceive the essence 推动人类文明进步：push forward human civilization挖墙脚：undermine the foundation of sth. (cut the ground from under sb’s feet)物质文明，精神文明一起抓： pay equal attention to (place equal emphasis on) the material progress and cultural(ethical) progress相互促进： help each other forward向世界展示中国文化建设的成就：introduce China’s achievements of cultural advancement to the world向学生传授知识：impart knowledge to students消除误解：clear up misunderstanding消除愚昧：eliminate ignorance形成文明、健康、崇尚科学的社会风尚： form civilized, healthy and science-upholding social practice以全新的面貌进入新世纪： enter the new century with a brand-new colorful look因材施教： teach students according to their aptitude(倾向，天资) 引起激烈争论：spark a hot debate营造良好的文化环境：create a healthy cultural environment影响身心健康：affect physical and psychological health有力地推动教育的发展：give a big push to the development of education与各国人民交往：communicate with people of all countries增强自我保护意识：strengthen one’s awareness of protecting one’s right 找工作：hunt for a job值得重视(关注)：deserve one’s attention制止盗版软件： control the pirated software重视(优先考虑)教育发展：give priority to the development of education 重视实用性：place stress on practicality尊重知识，尊重人才：respect knowledge and respect competent people 四、科技环保类帮助减缓全球变暖速度： help slow down the pace of global warming 保持生态平衡： keep ecological balance保持水土：preserve soil and water保护和改善生活环境，保护珍稀野生动植物： protect and improve the living environment and the protect rare wild animals and plants保留为自然耕地：reserve as natural farmland采用环保技术：adopt environmental protection technique采用新的开采方法：apply new exploitation methods参加城市重建： participate in the reconstruction of the city参加环保运动：take part in environmental protection activities产生巨大的水文效应： produce great hydrological effects崇尚绿色生活方式：pursue a“green”life创造良好的生态环境：create a pleasant ecological environment促进城市可持续发展：promote the sustainable development of the city 发展太阳能： develop solar energy防治污染：prevent and control pollution非常注重保护森林： pay great attention to the conservation of forest 改善生态环境： improve the eco-environment(ecological environment) 关闭化工厂：close chemical plants加大污染治理力度：strengthen pollution control加强城市绿化： strengthen the greening of the city加强环境保护： strengthen environmental protection加强生态建设： improve the eco-construction加强水土保持： reinforce the conservation of water and soil坚持门前三包制度： adhere to “the three responsibilities in the gate area”减少机动车辆： reduce the number of vehicles减少浪费： reduce waste揭开人类生命的奥秘：decode the secret of human life进一步加快环保规划： further speed up environmental protection plans 禁止露天焚烧：prohibit burning out in the open开展保护野生动物宣传教育：advocate to educate the public the protection of wild animals开展绿色活动： advocate green activities扩建管道网络： expand the pipe network普及环保知识：popularize environmental protection knowledge窃取密码：snatch password窃取知识产权：lift intellectual property实行严格的机动车排放标准：implement strict vehicle emission standards使电脑死机： crash computers使用再生纸： use recycle paper探索… 的奥秘：probe the mysteries of淘汰或改造燃煤锅炉：eliminate or convert coal-burning boilers提高环境管理水平：raise the environmental management level提高居民的环保和生态意识：improve residents’ environmental and ecological awareness提高清洁能源的比重：increase the supply of clean energy resources 投放电脑病毒：unleash viruses完善城市基础设施建设：perfect the construction of urban infrastructure 为大量野生动植物提供栖息地：provide habitats for a huge number of wild animals and plants为人类提供水和食物：supply water and food for human beings享受国家一级保护：enjoy first-class protection of the State削减污物排放：decrease the disposal of pollutants抑制传染病的传播：strain the spread of infectious diseases引发一系列的问题：result in a series of problems预防爱滋病蔓延：prevent the widespread of AIDS增强环境意识：enhance the awareness of the importance of (raise the consciousness about) environmental protection战胜非典：defeat SARS治理沙地和水土流失问题：tackle the problems of sand and soil erosion 注重节约资源：attach importance to saving resources五、人口类不服从父母：disobey their parents倡导人力资源管理：advocate the management of human resources调查性和婚姻状况：conduct a survey on sex and marriage对子女寄予厚望：pin great hopes on their children反映人们的私生活：reflect people’s private lives鼓励创建文明家庭：encourage the idea of “Civilized Families”过孤独的生活：lead an isolated life坚持计划生育的基本国策：stick to the basic state policy for family planning进行全国人口普查：carry out national population census禁止他人作克隆人的实验：inhibit others from doing human cloning experiments开辟人类历史新纪元：start a new chapter in the history of human控制人口数量(增长)：control the population size (growth)实现向低出生、低死亡、低：bring about a transition to the modern population reproduction自然增长的现代人口再生产类型的转变：pattern characterized by a low birth rate, low death rate and low natural growth rate损害人类社会的道德观：damage the morality of human society缩小代沟：narrow the gap提倡晚婚晚育：encourage late marriage and late childbirth提出离婚：ask for a divorce提高人口素质：improve the population quality维护和促进人民的生存权和发展权：safeguard and promote the peo ple’s rights to subsistence and development维护人权和不断改善人权状况：safeguard human rights and steadily improve the human rights situation享受优越的生活条件：enjoy good living condition显示明显的差异：display a marked difference优化人口结构：optimize the population structure优生优育：bear and rear better children占总人口的10%：account for 10% of the total population造成不同的思想和观念：result in a different ideology and concepts造福人类和科学：benefit mankind and science正确处理经济发展同人口、资源、环境的关系：correctly handlethe relationship of economic development versus (with) population，natural resources and environment征求父母的意见：ask for her parents’ opinion挣零花钱：earn their pocket money重视人口老年化问题：pay attention to the problem of an aging population逐渐削弱长辈的权威：undermine the authority of the older generation 尊重和保障人权：respect and guarantee human rights六、体育类避开与… 比赛：avoid playing against标志一个历史时刻：mark a historic time表现完美：give some very good performance剥夺冠军：strip the gold medal of somebody采取新的计分方法：adopt a new scoring system参加火炬接力：participate in the torch-relay参加热身赛：take part in a key warm-up game参加申办活动：articipate in the bidding campaigns超过世界记录：surpass the world record成为国家的骄傲：ecome the pride of the nation创新世界纪录：set a new world record到国际体育标准：reach the standard for international games打败比利时队：defeat Belgium打破恶性循环：break the wretched cycle打破世界纪录：beat (break, cut) the world record (for …)担任中国国家队主教练：serve as the head coach of the Chinese national team夺冠：take the crown反对使用兴奋剂：oppose the use of performance-enhancing drugs符合举办奥运会的要求：meet the requirements of hosting the Olympic Games更具进攻性：become more aggressive鼓舞队员的士气：boost the morale of the team members获得认可：gain recognition获得团体冠军：win the team title激发中国青年的雄心壮志：fuel the ambitions of Chinese youths急于获胜：gain an eagerness to win建立职业联赛和俱乐部：set up a professional league and clubs角逐世界杯：compete for the World Cup满意抽签结果：satisfy with the draw面对强手：face strong rivals鸣笛终止比赛：blow a whistle to stop the end of the match配备各种设施：furnish and equip with all facilities取得经验：gain experience取得世界杯决赛资格：qualify for the World Cup finals确保中国进入决赛：ensure China’s appearance in the final申奥：bid (apply) for being the host country of the Olympics失去男子单打冠军：miss out on men’s singles gold实现零的突破：fulfill the zero (gold medal, medal, etc) breakthrough 使其他选手相形见绌：dwarf other athletes使生命焕发活力：wake up one’s life使中国以3 ∶2 取胜：give the Chinese a 3-2 victory提出比赛建议：make comments on the contests提高中国队的水平：raise the level of the Chinese team。
考博英语高频词汇
考博英语高频词汇The journey towards graduate school often requires meticulous preparation and mastery of a wide range of skills including proficiency in the English language. One of the key components of this linguistic prowess is the command over frequently used words that are commonly encountered in graduate school entrance exams. These high-frequency words not only demonstrate a candidate's vocabulary depth but also play a crucial role in effectively communicating complex ideas and concepts during the examination process.Firstly it is important to understand the significance of these high-frequency words in the context of graduate school admissions. Admission committees often use standardized tests such as the Graduate Record Examination (GRE) or the Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL) to assess an applicant's overall academic readiness. These exams place a strong emphasis on the candidate's ability to comprehend and articulate ideas using a sophisticated vocabulary. By familiarizing oneself with the most commonly used words in these tests applicants can enhance their chances ofachieving higher scores and ultimately securing a spot in their desired graduate programOne of the primary reasons why mastering high-frequency words is so crucial is that they serve as the building blocks of academic discourse. These words are frequently employed in scholarly articles research papers and even classroom discussions enabling clear and concise communication of complex ideas. For instance words like analyze evaluate synthesize and elucidate are essential for effectively conveying one's critical thinking abilities during the admission process. Similarly terms such as hypothesize correlate and extrapolate are pivotal in demonstrating a candidate's research aptitude and analytical skillsFurthermore these high-frequency words are not limited to the realm of academic writing alone. They also play a significant role in various other aspects of the graduate school experience. During interviews for instance applicants are often required to articulate their research interests career goals and personal motivations using a sophisticated vocabulary. Words like endeavor aspire and cultivate can help candidates present themselves in a more compelling and articulate manner ultimately leaving a lasting impression on the admission committeeMoreover the importance of high-frequency words extends beyondthe admission stage. Once enrolled in a graduate program students are expected to engage in rigorous discussions with faculty members and peers. The ability to comprehend and utilize these words fluently can greatly enhance one's participation in seminars presentations and research collaborations. This proficiency not only facilitates effective communication but also signals to professors and mentors a candidate's intellectual maturity and dedication to academic excellenceIn addition to the obvious benefits in the academic sphere mastering high-frequency words can also have a profound impact on an individual's personal and professional development. The consistent use of these words can help cultivate a more refined and articulate communication style which can be advantageous in various social and professional settings. Words like eloquent erudite and discerning for instance can elevate one's personal brand and leave a lasting impression on colleagues and potential employersTo effectively prepare for the challenge of mastering high-frequency words aspiring graduate students should adopt a multifaceted approach. This may include but is not limited to regularly reading academic journals and books to immerse oneself in scholarly discourse expanding one's vocabulary through systematic study and practice and engaging in activities that challenge one's linguistic abilities such as writing essays or participating in debates.Furthermore seeking guidance from language instructors or tutors can provide valuable insights and personalized feedback to help refine one's skillsIn conclusion the mastery of high-frequency words is a crucial component of the graduate school admissions process and beyond. These words serve as the foundation for clear and effective communication of complex ideas enabling candidates to showcase their intellectual prowess and academic readiness. By dedicating time and effort to the systematic study and application of these words aspiring graduate students can significantly enhance their chances of success not only in the admission stage but also throughout their academic and professional journeys. Ultimately the investment in developing a robust vocabulary can pay dividends in the long run by opening doors to new opportunities and fostering personal and professional growth。
博士入学考试英语中常见的翻译词汇 (1)
百度文库 - 让每个人平等地提升自我！分类词汇homogeneous 同质的 homo + gene +ous(＜＞ heterogeneous)^ homo***ual, hetero***ual mainstream 主流主流的dialect 方言 (v.s. accent)discrepancy 差异misconception 误解 (mis + concept + ion)= misunderstandingbarrier 障碍(物)~ bar, = barricadediscrimination 区别，歧视 racial/***ual discrimination? discriminate (+against)hierarchy 等级制度 heir + arch(govern) + yinsularity 岛国性质 (? insular, ^island)British industry has often been criticized for its linguistic insularity.microcosm 小天地 micro + cosm(os)nostalgia = homesicknesspatriot 爱国者 (＜＞traitor)à patriotic, patriotismnotoriety 恶名 (? notorious)counterpart 对应人，对等物Who’s George Bush’s counterpart in China?^ counterculture, counterbalancepeer 同等的人凝视，窥视(~ peep)subordinate 下级下级的＜＞ superiortactics 战术，技巧 v.s. strategy (战略，策略)marketing strategy v.s. selling tacticsnuance a subtle difference in meaningcompatriot 同胞同胞的 com + patriotvernacular 本地的，本国的本地话，本国话 the vernacular languages of IndiaHispanic An American whose first language was Spanishimmigration 移入~ immigrant, immigratev.s. emigration (~ emigrant, emigrate)antipodes Any two places or regions on diametrically opposite sides of the Earth“from North America to the Antipodes”permeate 渗透，弥漫 Smoke permeated the house.entrepreneur 企业家(~ enterprise)à entrepreneurshippractitioner 开业者，从业者 praction(practice) + ercelebrity a famous person= luminary, VIPproxy 代理人anecdote 轶事(à anecdotal)benchmarking 类比分析punctual 准时的，守时的(à punctuality)absenteeism 旷工absent à absentee à absenteeismflextime 弹性工作时间 flex(flexible) + timeharass 骚扰(à harassment)Mary said that Gary had ***ually harassed her. redundancy 冗余，冗员 network redundancydownsize 裁员 (~ lay off)ballot 投票 (= vote)impartial 不偏不倚的 (＜＞ partial)lobby 大堂(n.) 游说(v.)dubbing 配音录制1百度文库 - 让每个人平等地提升自我！vogue 时尚 ^ chicbizarre 奇异的 v.s. weird (怪异的)mediocre 平庸的dietitian 饮食学家 (~ diet)connoisseur 行家，鉴赏家^ entrée, a la carteshortlist (BE) a list of applicants who have been deemed suitable and from which the successful person will be chosen à (v.)equilibrium 平衡，均衡questionnaire 调查表，问卷quantitative 定量的 (＜＞ qualitative)contingency 偶然性，偶然事件incur 招致 incur debts/hatred/dangerv.s. occur, concur, recurethical 伦理的，符合伦理的 ~ ethics, ＜＞ unethicaldubious 疑惑的，可疑的 (~ doubt)People were dubious about the result.manifestation 显示，证明 (? manifest)subtitle 字幕，副标题 (sub + title)^ subsidiary, submarine, subway (BE: underground, tube), suburb(~ downtown, uptown, outskirts考博英语翻译中可能涉及的热点词汇总裁助理 assistant president综合治理 comprehensive treatment安居工程 housing project for low-income urban residents信息化 information-based; informationization智力密集型 concentration of brain power; knowledge-intensive外资企业 overseas-funded enterprises下岗职工 laid-off workers分流 reposition of redundant personnel三角债 chain debts素质教育 education for all-round development豆腐渣工程 jerry-built projects社会治安情况 law-and-order situation民族国家 nation 台独"independence 台湾当局 Taiwan 台湾同胞 Taiwan stateof Taiwan" authorities compatriots台湾是中国领土不可分割的一部分。
考博英语阅读必备核心词汇
,老百姓
(与军人相对而言
)②(军队中的
)文职人员
③公务员
,文官
a.民间的
,民用的
civilization n.文明
claim vt. ①声称
,断言
②对…提出要求
,索取
③(灾难等
)使…失踪或死亡
④需要
,值得
,挪用
②拨出
(款项等
)供专用
approve vt. ①赞成
,同意
②批准
,核准
,对…表示认可
vi. (常与
of连用
)赞成
,同意
arms n. pl. ①武器
,兵器
②兵种
artistic a.艺术的
assemble vt. ①召集
,使集合
,蓄意
④[美]以为
,认为
vi.指望
,期待
(on, upon)
campaign n.战役
,(政治或商业性
)活动
,运动
vi.参加活动
,从事活动
,作战
cancel vt. ①取消
,废除
②抵消
,对消
③删去
,划掉
candidate n. ①申请求职者
)约束
④装订
boast vi. (of, about)自夸
,夸耀
vt. ①夸口
,吹嘘
②以拥有
…而自豪
n.自吹自擂
,自夸的话
boom n. ①激增
,繁荣
,迅速发展
2023年考博英语词汇
考博英语词汇do away with 除去；废除；干掉；杀死do/try one's best/utmost 努力；竭力而为do/go without 没有也行do wrong/justice (to) 看待(某人)不公平;冤枉某人／逼真；杰出；处置公道；公正看待draw back 退回，往后退；不履行draw in 拉入，吸人; (火车，汽车)进站，抵达;吸取参与;(日子)逐渐变短；收(网)；紧缩开支draw on 靠近；靠近；临近；运用；依赖；凭借； (紧身衣物)穿，戴draw out 取出；拔出； (火车，汽车)缓缓开出； (白天)逐渐变长；拉长，延长；拟订draw up 起草；拟订；(使车、马)停下dress up 化妆；装饰；打扮drop in (over) 顺访；串门drop off 睡着；(客人)一种个地散去；(爱好等)减弱drop out 逃(学)；离队出走dry up 干瘪；干涸；(思绪等)枯竭engage in 从事；进行equal to 相等；相似；敌得过；担得起;胜任even if/though 虽然；甚至every other 每隔…一(天、周等)；所有其他except for/that 除…之外；只是fall back (on) 撤退；退缩(求援于；投靠；转而依托)fall behind 落后；被甩在背面，拖欠fall on/upon 碰到，看到；来临；落到；袭击；适逢(日期)fall out (头发，牙齿)脱落；掉；掉下来；掉队；(队伍)原地解散；不和；吵翻了fall through 落空；失败famous for 以…著称，闻名；驰名far from 远离，远非；主线谈不上；决不是；差得远feel like 想做(某事)；感到像是…旳样子fill in 填写；填充；填满；对…提供最新状况；fill out/up 填写；长丰满，长胖；变粗装满；填写；充斥；占掉(地方或时间) find fault (with) 找…岔子；挑剔find out 发现；找出；弄清晰；认识到；查明follow up 继而进行…；追踪，跟踪fond of 爱好；喜欢for all (that) 尽管；如此, 还是for ever/good 永久；永远for/in fear (of) 唯恐；以免为…而紧张for the sake of 为了；为了…旳好处，利益free of/from 不受…影响旳；挣脱了…旳from time (door/side) to time (door/side) 时时；不定期地(挨家挨户／左右摇摆;晃动)get across (使人)理解；讲清晰get/go ahead 赶过；胜过；有进展／开始；进行中；继续下去；走在前面，先走get around/round (to) 克服(困难)；避开；(消息)传开；(终于有时间)做某事get at 够得着；拿得到；弄清，理解；意指，暗示get away (with) 逃脱；逃跑get/learn by heart 牢记，熟记；背得出get down (to) (使人)不快；沮丧；写下；咽下(to)开始认真做…get even (with) 报复，和…算账get/take/catch hold of 弄到手；掌握；理解；懂得(去向)get in the way 阻碍，阻碍get off (with) 下车；出发；拜别；不涉足，避开；脱下(衣服等)；使免遭惩罚get on (with) 相处；继续做；进行下去；顺利发展；上车；穿(衣)；上年龄get out/into 拜别；逃走；退出；出去；取出；拿出；拨出；出版；谈话吃力；(消息)走漏；泄露／进入；穿上；成癖；陷于；研究；从事于；变成get over 越过；恢复；完毕，结束；克服(困难)；处理难题get rid of 除去；丢弃；扔掉；挣脱；消灭get the better 胜过，超过；占上风；左右；支配get through 完毕；抵达；渡过；用光；(使人)明白；通过；接通( )get together 集会；聚会get up 起床；站起;举行；安排；化妆；打扮get up to 抵达；赶上give away 背弃；出卖;泄露;散掉,给掉(钱财)give in/way (to) 屈服；让步;递交;交上;让位于，转变为；听任支配give out 分发;分派;失灵；报废；用尽；耗光give rise to 引起；导致；产生given that 只要是，考虑到；假定，已知go after 寻找；追求go by 通过；通过；根据…行事；根据…旳说法go down 去某地；下去；跪下；咽下；(日)落；(船)沉;病倒；倒台；(计算机)停机(故障) go down with 为…所接受，为…所相信，为…所心服go for 去(做某事)；去请，去找，去拿；想要，愿做，喜欢；可应用于；赞成；被认为go in for 从事；参与(考试；竞赛)；喜欢上(业余爱好)go into 调查；研究加入；从事；投入；进人…状态；撞车go off 离开；消失；昏过去；睡着；爆炸；爆发出；开始；(食品)变质；进行go out 出去；熄灭；公布，刊登；过时，不再流行go over 越，渡，转向；仔细检查；仔细推敲go through 遭遇；经历；熬过；用光(钱)；获准，通过go up 升高；提高；涨高；增长；盖起；建造起；被烧(炸)毁；(舞台幕布)拉起go with 连带；带有；伴随；与…匹配；同…协调grow away from 与…疏远起来grow from 由…长大，由…发展起来grow in 在…方面成长;增长(力量等)grow into 成长为,发展为grow on 使越来越感爱好，渐渐成为习惯；加深对…旳影响grow out of 由…产生；长高大了(衣服等)穿不上；抛弃;戒除(恶习)grow up 长大成人；成长；发展hand down (财产，技术或知识)往下传,传给(后人)hand in 交进来(去)；交上去；递交;面呈hand out 派送；分发；(乱)给(批评，处分，忠告等)hand over/on to 捐赠；移交；让与；将…移交给；交出；将…送交，依次传递hang about/around 闲逛；转悠；观望／闲逛；缠(人)；与…泡在一起hang back 畏缩不前；迟疑(不愿做某事)hang behind 迟迟不离开，落在背面hang on/to 稍等；坚持住；赖着不走；抱(推，抓)住不放hang out 晾衣服；居住，呆(在某处)；停留hang together 团结合作，互相支持；一致，不矛盾hang up 挂起来；挂上话筒；耽误，搁置have/give access to 得以进入；可以靠近have/give an/the advantage over 比…占上风；有利／优于…have to do with 与…有关系hit on/upon 无意中找到；偶尔想出hold back 踌躇(该不该做某事)；制止；阻碍；隐瞒；忍住hold in 克制(情绪等)，控制住hold on (to) 坚持下去；等一等；别挂hold on to 抓住不放hold out 坚持规定；坚持究竟；守住；提出；伸出；主张;坚持；维持hold out for 坚持(得到…)而不愿妥协hold together (合在)一起；团结在一起hold up 举起；托住；支撑；使停滞;耽误；提出；阻挡；列举，推举；(理论等)经得住hunt for 搜索;探求hurry up 赶紧;快点if only 只要；哪怕；要是…就好了；真但愿in a sense/way 在某种意义上；有一点儿／在某些方面；有几分；稍微in a word 综上所述；一言以蔽之in accordance with 照；根据；与…一致；合乎in addition (to) 加之；此外；除…之外又in advance (of) 比…先进；提前；提早；预先;事先;在…之前in any case/event 并且；总之；无论怎样；好歹in case (of) 假如；万一；倘；以便；以防;以备;如有in charge of 主持；领导；主管…旳；照看…旳in common (with) 共同；相通；与…同样in conclusion 最终；总之in confidence 私下里；秘密地；暗中in conflict (with) 和…矛盾；和…发生冲突;与…相抵触in connection with 有关…；与…有关；有联络in consequence (of) 因此；成果；…成果；由于…旳缘故in/by contrast/comparison to/with 与…对比；对照；和…大不相似／和…比起来；与相比in debt 负债；欠钱in defense 保卫；保护in detail 详细；详尽in disguise 伪装;乔装;假装；隐瞒；掩饰；假象；貌似in exchange for 互换;调换in favor (of) 支持；赞成；对…有利；偏向in force/effect 有效；生效；在实行中在有效期中／实际上；实际上有效；生效；在实行中in front of 在…旳正对面；在…前边；对面；当…旳面in general/particular 总之；大体上；一般；普遍／尤其；尤其in honor of 向…表达尊敬；为祝贺…in (the) light of 考虑到；根据；根据in line 排队；排列；同意；准备就绪；按次序; 受约束in control 由…控制；管理in office 执政；在位in/within sight 看得见；在眼前；在望；不远了in a way 有点；稍微；在某种意义上in a big/small way 大/小规模地in memory of 为纪念…in need/want of 需要；急需in order (that/to) 以便；为了in other words 换句话说；换言之in place of 替代；而不是；更换; 顶替in progress 在进行中；尚未竣工in proportion (to/with) 和…成比例；和…有关；和…相比in question 讨论中旳；谈及旳；争论中旳in/with respect of/to 有关in return 回报；付给in search of 寻找；搜寻；查究in secret/private/public 私下；暗地／不公开; 私下；秘密地／当众；公开地in short/brief/sum 简言之；总之in spite of 虽然；不管；不顾；纵使in support of 维护…；支持…；证明…in that 由于in/under the circumstances 在这种状况下；考虑到这种状况in the course of 在…期间；在…旳过程中in the end 最终；最终；成果；终归in the face of 面临；不顾(反对等)in the first place 起初；首先；早先(not) in the least/the least bit 一点(也不)；丝毫(不); (常用于强调否认)in the long/short run 成果；最终／临时：目前in the name of 在…旳名下；以…旳名义；为…旳缘故in no/good time 立即；立即，一转眼工夫；迅速地；恰好in vain 徒劳；无益in view of 鉴于；考虑到independent of 独立于…之外；不依赖…旳；不受…支配旳inform of 告诉；汇报；告知insist (on/upon) 坚决主张；坚决规定；坚持认为；定要；坚持要instead of 替代；而不是interfere with 干涉；干预；阻碍；干扰；影响involve in 波及；卷入；陷入；使进入；使拖累join in 参与;加入jump to a conclusion 草率决定;贸然断定keep down 控制，限制，；低下；蹲下;躺下;压住;压制;弹压；忍住了呕吐；缩减keep from 隐瞒，瞒住；避开；使免于keep off 驱散；避开；防止，挡住；不靠近keep on 继续…；不停地…keep to 遵守；遵守；遵照；按…办；坚持(做)keep to the (a) minimum 控制到最低程度；尽量短(少)keep under control 控制(监视等)keep up (with) 跟上；赶上；保持；不落在背面；及时理解(状况)knock down 拆除；拆卸；打倒，撞倒；使减价knock off 下班，停止工作；减低，扣掉；匆忙做完(写完)knock out 敲出；击倒；击昏；使失效；匆匆做好；(药物)使入睡knock over 打翻know of/about 懂得；听说lack of 不够；局限性；没有laugh off 一笑置之；把…当儿戏lay down 放下；放弃(想法态度等)；拟订(计划等)；兴建;规定；制定lay off 临时解雇；休息；休养lay out 展开；铺开；摆开；阐明，体现(想法等)；设计；布置；准备人殓lead the way 向导；领路；引路lead to 领；带；导向；通向；通往；导致；导致leak out 走漏(消息等)；(水，煤气等)泄露lean on 对…施加压力；讹诈；强迫；倚靠；依托leave behind 抛弃；忘掉带；把…拉下；落后leave out 遗漏；省去；删去；不考虑lead to 把…借给；把钱贷给；使…增添了…,使…有了let alone 更不用说；更别提let down 使(人)失望；放下；放(长)衣服；不支持let off 免除；放过；放掉(气)；放(枪)；引爆(炸弹)；准许…临时停止工作let out 释放；放走；放(水，气)；出租(房屋)；把(衣服)放大level off/out 稳定；持平；整平；弄平；水平飞行line up 排队；列队；整顿；排列整洁；排成行；安排妥当；与…站在一起live on/by 继续活着；靠…生活；以食…为生／按照或遵照…(准则)而生活；靠…过活live through 渡过；熬过live up to 配得上。
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考博英语词汇（1）第一部分词汇记忆策略1．全脑活化人类左右脑分析比较：左脑：意识、低速、一般阅读、知识、知觉、知性、逻辑右脑：无意识、超高速、速读、创造力、视觉、听觉、触觉、嗅觉、味觉、图像、色彩、直觉右脑具备左脑没有的特殊机能：1．超高速大量记忆机制2．图像化机能3．超高速演算机能4．共振共鸣机能2．举例说明：1326231828301521112419221314253．词汇记忆策略：联想法、串联法、构词法、近义词、近形词、易混淆词、加减词、固定搭配✧euthanasia, chrysanthemum✧flower----rose, lily, tulip, peony, carnation, camellia, azalea, narcissus, chrysanthemum,forget-me-not, poinsettia, …✧receive---deceive---conceive (-ceive= take; con- = 共同)✧tumble---stumble （tumble…into/through跌倒；stumble…over / on脚下拌到东西而跌倒）✧stationary---stationery （文具，如笔pen,铅笔pencil中含有"e", 故见到"e"就想起是文具。
）✧genius --- genuine (含有us的是天才，因为我们是天才啊！另一个就是“真正的”),✧form---deform确（形状；变形）✧attach to第二部分实例练习1．联想法carnation, narcissus, coroner, chandelier, hippocampus, assassinate, antarctic, armour，abalone, flounder, cult, beau2．串联法network:Internet---cyberspace---email---e-commerce---website---on-line---homepage---browse---retrie ve---log on…3．构词法-age （状态、特性、行为）page/rage, advantage/disadvantage, message/massage, courage/encourage, voltage/mileage, village/cottage, luggage/carriage, garagecoverage, cabbage, shortage, leakage, breakage, passage, postage, bondage （bond 结束、约束、债券；bondage就含有“束缚、奴役”的意思）, damage, garbage （garb 衣服）, manage ,spillage,usage, storage, savage, sausage (sauce), dosagelanguage, image, heritage, engage-wardinward, outward, forward, backward, toward, upward, downward, seaward, skyward,---coward, reward, award,a- (构成作表语用的形容词；构成动词。
)apart, aloud, around, away, afar, aboard, acrossalike, acute, alive, asleep, awareamaze, amend, amuse, arise, ascribe, avail, await, awake, award, abound, abridge, amount affirm, acclaim, accompany, account, arrange, array, arrest, arrow4．近义词Merchants 煤商Blame for Income ThievesDealersCondemn for Wages Burglars买进卖出商人Accuse of Salary Robbers Businessmen（广义）商人Criticize for Pay BanditsTradesmen（英）店主Announce Buyers SyntheticScene 特别的景象，如泰山的日出Publish Shoppers FalseScenery一国一地的自然风光Views特别的景象Advertise Customers ImitationInform Clients CounterfeitNature 强调大自然的感召力，不着重具体的自然景象ArtificialUrgent 紧急Substitute ParticularHasty 草率Selection Peculiar MortalInstant 立刻Preference Special FatalPrompt 快速；及时Alternative Unusual DeadlyContend 竞争；斗争Fraud Preliminary Imaginative Compete比赛；竞争Deceive Primary ImaginableStruggle斗争Cheat Elementary ImaginedConflict 斗争Dupe Fundamental ImaginaryHinder Decline Perplex ReproachPreclude Deny Puzzle ScoldDetain Reject Confuse ComplimentRetard Refuse ReprimandHamperProtract Reliable Fatigued EmptyPostpone Confident Tired Blank Cancel Faithful Exhausted Vacant Delay Dependent Bored Bare Adjourn5．近形词fiction fraction friction functiontumble stumble scramble humble tremble resume consume assume presumeresumption consumption assumption presumption borecoreporesoresimplify modify verify rectifyjustify testify rectify verifytranscription subscription prescription descriptionattributecontributedistributetributeattitudealtitudeaptitudedescriptiveprescriptiveinterferenceinterruptioninterventioninteractiontransactiontransmissiontransformationtransitioncontactintactpossibilityvalidityreliabilitysecurityconceivableperceivableariseriseraisearouserespectfulrespectablerespectedrespectivedetainattainretaincertaincontainroomdoomboomloomintenseintentionalintensiveintendingintendedassureensureinsurereassuresometimessome timesometimesome timeshatchcatchpatch matchbarerarecaredarefareharebanish vanish diminish admonishdurability flexibility versatility hostilitycooperate coordinate correlate correspondobserve reserve conserve preserve deserveprior superior inferior senior juniorsparrow swallow hollow sorrow narrow pillow boldcoldfoldgoldholdmoldsoldtoldmigrantimmigrantimmigrateimmigrationemigrantemigrateemigrationedgehedgewedgepledgededucereduceproduceinduceseduceprecludeexcludeincludeformdeforminformtransformconformcontemptattemptpromptexceptacceptconceptperceptreceivedeceiveconceiveperceiveachievebelievegrieverelieve自测题：1. 不看讲义，试一试你的记忆力。
利用联想法，你能记住多少刚才所学的词：1．____________________ 2. __________________ 3. _________________4. _____________________5. __________________6. _________________7. _____________________ 8. __________________ 9. _________________10. ____________________ 11. _________________ 12. ________________2. 列出以下单词的近义词：1.income2.mortal3.urgent4.synthetic5.deceive6.retard7.empty8.confuse9.buyer10.contend3. 列出以下单词的近形词：1.tumble2.description3.justify4.attain5.attribute6.prior汉英对照近义词Merchants 煤商Dealers 买进卖出商人Businessmen （广义）商人Tradesmen （英）店主Scene 特别的景象，如泰山的日出Scenery 一国一地的自然风光Views 特别的景象Nature 强调大自然的感召力，不着重具体的自然景象Urgent 紧急Hasty 草率Instant 立刻Prompt 快速；及时Contend 搏斗；争夺(compete against sb. in order to gain sth.)Compete 比赛；竞争(try to be more successful than another person or organization in business)compete with sb. for sth. / compete for office（争夺公职）/ against Struggle 斗争(try hard to achieve sth.) struggle against difficulties/ struggle for freedomConflict 斗争（两种观点、信仰不能同时存在，不能都正确。