在线考试系统数据库设计

数据库设计文档成员：曹丽琼冯继伟刘维毅班级08软工三班指导老师：***日期：2011-5-22目录数据库设计文档1引言1.1 编写目的本文档是本项目开发中至关重要的一部分，通过本档编写，对本项目中相关数据存储信息进行明确定位，对数据结构等相关信息进行明确说明。

本文档尽可能的详细说明各个实体的属性及相互联系，使开发人员的开发效率尽可能增加。

1.2 项目来源➢实训要求➢开发人员：全体成员➢文档使用者：oracle 开发人员、程序设计人员1.3 文档约定1.4 预期读者和阅读建议➢开发人员：对oracle和java熟悉➢测试人员：对java及oracle有一定的了解1.5 参考资料1 《在线考试系统可行性分析》2 《在线考试系统需求分析》3 《项目（bbs）数据库设计文档—刘维毅》42数据库命名规则➢db_examonline: 在线考试系统数据库➢tb_invigilate: 监考人员➢tb_user: 学生或用户信息表➢tb_select:选择题相关信息表➢tb_answer:简答题相关信息➢tb_boolean:判断题相关信息➢tb_admin: 管理员信息表➢tb_page:数据库测试试题3数据库设计说明3.1 数据库逻辑设计数据字典●考生属性：编号tid,姓名uname,登录密码upassword,学号uno,班级uclass,考试状态ustate●监考人员属性：编号tid,姓名name,登录密码password●管理员属性：编号aid,姓名name,登录密码password●试卷属性：编号pid,科目subject, 选择题数量snum, 判断题数量bnum, 问答题数量anum，考试时间pageDate●选择题属性：编号id,题目name,选项A optionA,选项B optionB,选项C option C,选项D optionD,所属科目subject●判断题属性：编号id,题目name,对选项yes,错选项no ,所属科目subject●简答题属性：编号id,题目name, 所属科目subject●科目属性：编号sid,科目subject实体关系E_R图S—R关系：学生关系表：Stb_user(usid,uname,upassword,uno,uclass,ustate)监考人员关系表:Stb_invigilate(tid,name,password)管理员信息关系:Stb_admin(aid,name,password)考试试卷信息关系：Stb_page(usid,pid,subject,snum,bnum,anum,pageDate)选择题信息关系：Stb_select(id,pid,subject,name,optionA,optionB,optionC,optionD)判断题信息关系：Stb_boolean(id,pid,subject,name,yes,no)简答题信息关系:Stb_answer(id,pid,subject,name)科目信息关系:Stb_subject(sid,subject)3.2 数据库物理设计暂无3.3 数据库分布暂无3.4 基表设计在线考试系统数据库：3.4.1.tb_user: 考生信息表属性：编号Tid,姓名name,登录密码password,学号number,班级class,考试状态stateCreate table tb_user(Tid number(10) primary key,Uname varchar2(50),Upassword char(16),Uno number(10),Uclass varchar2(50),Ustate number(1));3.4.2.tb_invigilate: 监考人员信息表属性：编号tid,姓名name,登录密码passwordCreate table tb_invigilate(Tid number(10) primary key,Name varchar2 (50),Password char(16));3.4.3.tb_admin: 管理员信息表属性：编号aid,姓名name,登录密码passwordCreate table tb_admin(Aid number(10) primary key,Name varchar2(50),Password char(16));3.4.4.tb_page:考试试卷信息表属性：编号pid,科目subject, 选择题数量snum, 判断题数量bnum, 问答题数量anum，考试时间pageDateCreate table tb_page(Pid number(10) primary key,Subject varchar2(50),Snum number(2),Bnum number(2),Anum number(2),pageDate date,tid number(10),constraint page_FK foreign key (subject) referencestb_subject(subject),constraint page_FK2 foreign key(tid) referencestb_user(tid));3.4.5.tb_select:选择题信息表属性：编号id,题目name,选项A optionA,选项B optionB,选项C option C,选项D optionD,所属科目subjectCreate table tb_select(Id number(10) primary key,Name varchar2(50),optionA varchar2(100),optionB varchar2(100),optionC varchar2(100),optionD varchar2(100),subject varchar2(50),pid number(10),constraint select_FK foreign key(subject) referencestb_subject(subject),constraint select_FK2 foreign key(pid) referencestb_page(pid));3.4.6.tb_boolean:判断题信息表属性：编号id,题目name,对选项yes,错选项no ,所属科目subjectCreate table tb_boolean(id number(10) primary key,Name varchar2(50),Subject varchar2(50),Pid number(10),constraint boolean_FK foreign key(subject) references tb_subject(subject),constraint boolean_FK2 foreign key(pid) references tb_page(pid));3.4.7.tb_answer:简答题信息表属性：编号id,题目name, 所属科目subjectCreate table tb_answer(Id number(5) primary key,Name varchar2(50),Subject varchar2(50),Pid number(10),constraint answer_FK foreign key(subject) referencestb_subject(subject),constraint answer_FK2 foreign key(pid) referencestb_page(pid));3.4.8.tb_subject:考试科目信息表属性：编号sid,科目subjectCreate table tb_subject(Sid number(10) ,Subject varchar2(50) primary key);//备注uid是关键字已被系统占用3.5 视图设计3.6 索引设计3.7 序列设计➢设计目的：通过序列的设计，可以使得编号可以进行自增，从而达到设计目的。

●Tb_sq序列自动进行递增初值为：1递增为：1最大值：无Create sequence tb_sqIncrement by 1Start with 1NomaxvalueNocycleCache 10;Tb_invigilate_sq监考人员的 tid 自动进行递增Create sequence tb_invigilate_sq Increment by 10Start with 10NomaxvalueNocycleCache 10;3.8 完整性设计请参阅本文档的基表设计的外键设置3.9 授权设计3.10 触发器设计●Tb_user_triggerCreate or replace trigger tb_user_triggerBefore insert on tb_userFor each rowDeclareNext_no number;BeginSelectInto next_noFrom dual;::=next_no;End;/--insert into tb_user (uname, upassword,uno, uclass, ustate)--values(…);●Tb_invigilate_triggerCreate or replace trigger tb_invigilate_triggerBefore insert on tb_invigilateFor each rowDeclareNext_no number;BeginSelectInto next_noFrom dual;::=next_no;End;Tb_admin_triggerCreate or replace trigger tb_admin_trigger Before insert on tb_adminFor each rowDeclareNext_no number;BeginSelectInto next_noFrom dual;::=next_no;End;●Tb_page_triggerCreate or replace trigger tb_page_trigger Before insert on tb_pageFor each rowDeclareNext_no number;BeginSelectInto next_noFrom dual;::=next_no;End;●Tb_select_triggerCreate or replace trigger tb_select_trigger Before insert on tb_selectFor each rowDeclareNext_no number;BeginSelectInto next_noFrom dual;::=next_no;End;●Tb_boolean_triggerCreate or replace trigger tb_boolean_trigger Before insert on tb_booleanFor each rowDeclareNext_no number;BeginSelectInto next_noFrom dual;::=next_no;End;●Tb_answer_triggerCreate or replace trigger tb_answer_trigger Before insert on tb_answerFor each rowDeclareNext_no number;BeginSelectInto next_noFrom dual;::=next_no;End;Tb_subject_triggerCreate or replace trigger tb_subject_trigger Before insert on tb_subjectFor each rowDeclareNext_no number;BeginSelectInto next_noFrom dual;::=next_no;End;3.11 存储过程设计3.11.1CRUD中的CUD三个操作--向试卷表中插入信息(create操作)Create or replace procedure insert_tb_page(p_subject in %type,p_snum in %type,p_bnum in %type,p_anum in %type,p_pageDate in %type,--插入系统时间sysdatep_tid in %type)asBeginInsert into tb_page(subject,snum,bnum,anum,pageDate,tid)values(p_subject,p_snum,p_bnum,p_anum,p_pageDate,p_tid);ExceptionWhen DUP_VAL_ON_INDEX then('subject primary key error!');When others then('异常');End insert_tb_page;--//执行过程: execute insert_tb_page(‘’,’’,…);--向判断题表中插入信息(create操作)Create or replace procedure insert_tb_boolean(b_name in %type,b_subject in %type,b_pid in %type) asbeginInsert into tb_boolean(name, subject,pid) values(b_name,b_subject,b_pid);End insert_tb_boolean;--//执行过程: execute insert_tb_boolean(‘’,’’,…);--向简答题表中插入信息Create or replace procedure insert_tb_answer(a_name in %type,a_subject in %type,a_pid in %type)asBeginInsert into tb_answer(name,subject,pid) values(a_name,a_subject,a_pid);End insert_tb_answer;--向科目表中插入信息Create or replace procedure insert_tb_subject( s_subject in %type)asBeginInsert into tb_subject(subject) values(s_subject);ExceptionWhen DUP_VAL_ON_INDEX then('subject primary key error!');When others then('异常');End insert_tb_subject;--向选择题表中插入信息Create or replace procedure insert_tb_select( s_name %type,s_optionA %type,s_optionB %type,s_optionC %type,s_optionD %type,s_subject %type,s_pid %type)asBeginInsert into tb_select(name, optionA, optionB, optionC, optionD, subject, pid)values(s_name,s_optionA,s_optionB,s_optionC,s_optionD,s_subj ect,s_pid);End insert_tb_select;--管理员信息插入Create or replace procedure insert_tb_admin(a_name in %type,a_password in %type)asBeginInsert into tb_admin(name, password) values(a_name,a_password);End insert_tb_admin;3.12 数据复制设计暂无4查询记录语句--随机函数Select randnum from(select distinct round(1,60)) as randnum from dualConnect by rownum<=100Order by randnum)where rownum<=20;--随机查询20条选择题Select * from tb_select where id in(Select * from (select rownum rn from dualConnect by rownum<=100 order bywhereRownum<=20);--随机查询10条判断题记录Select * from tb_boolean where id in(Select * from (select rownum rn from dualConnect by rownum<=100 order bywhereRownum<=10);--随机查询5条简答题记录Select * from tb_answer where id in(Select * from (select rownum rn from dualConnect by rownum<=100 order bywhereRownum<=5);5词汇表P rimary key: 主键foreign key:外键6历史数据处理导出数据库:exp 用户名／密码导入数据库：imp 用户名/密码Ms-dos。