高中英语语法复习--动词不定式的用法

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高中英语知识点归纳动词的不定式与动名词

高中英语知识点归纳动词的不定式与动名词

高中英语知识点归纳动词的不定式与动名词动词的不定式与动名词是英语中重要的语法知识点,具有广泛的用途。

在高中英语学习中,学生需要熟练掌握不定式和动名词的形式、用法以及常见的搭配。

本文将对动词的不定式与动名词的相关知识进行归纳总结,并给出一些常见的例句和实际运用场景。

一、动词的不定式不定式是动词的一种非谓语形式,通常由“to + 动词原形”构成。

不定式在句子中可以作为主语、宾语、表语、定语或状语。

1. 不定式作主语不定式作主语时,常常位于句首,用来指代具体的行为、想法或概念。

例句:- To learn a foreign language is not easy.(学习一门外语并不容易。

)- To avoid traffic jam, we decided to take the subway.(为了避免交通堵塞,我们决定乘地铁。

)2. 不定式作宾语不定式作宾语时,常常跟在某些动词(如want, hope, plan, decide等)后面,表示将要发生的动作。

例句:- She wants to be a doctor in the future.(她将来想成为一名医生。

)- We have decided to visit the Great Wall next week.(我们决定下周去参观长城。

)3. 不定式作表语不定式作表语时,常常跟在be动词(如is, am, are, was, were等)后面,表示主语的身份、职业或角色。

例句:- His dream is to become a famous writer.(他的梦想是成为一名著名的作家。

)- Their job is to teach English to international students.(他们的工作是教国际学生英语。

)4. 不定式作定语不定式作定语时,通常放在被修饰的名词或代词之后,用来修饰它们。

例句:- I have a book to read this weekend.(这个周末我有一本书要读。

高中动词不定式的用法总结

高中动词不定式的用法总结

高中动词不定式的用法总结动词不定式的用法总结动词不定式由:“to +动词原形”构成,其否定形式是“not to do”。

不定式可以带宾语或状语构成不定式短语,没有人称和数的变化,但有时态和语态的变化。

不定式具有名词特征,可作主语、宾语、状语、表语和定语,但不能单独作谓语。

一.不定式的用法:1.作主语不定式短语作主语时,往往放在谓语动词后,用it 作形式主语。

To see is to believe.It is possible to live an independent and fulfilling life.(P4)2.作宾语不定式短语作宾语时,如果还带有宾语补足语,往往把不定式宾语放在宾语补足语之后,而用it作形式宾语。

常见的带不定式作宾语的动词,begin, continue, hope, decide, want, wish, try, learn, afford, agree, manage, refuse等等。

He wanted to go.I find it interesting to study English.I have learned to adapt to my disability.3.作宾语补足语(ask, tell, order, cause, allow, want, like , advise, force, permit, get等) He asked me to do the work with him.注意:在feel, hear, listen to, look at, notice, observe, see, watch, have, let, make 等词后的补足语中,不定式不带to,但是这些句子如果变成被动结构,就必须带to。

I often hear him sing the song.He is often heard to sing the song.She asked me to go out.4.作定语不定式作定语常放在所修饰的名词或代词的后面。

最全面英语动词不定式的用法归纳整理总结

最全面英语动词不定式的用法归纳整理总结

动词不定式的归纳总结动词不定式是由“to+动词原形”构成的,否定形式为“not to+动词原形”构成的,这里的to没有词义,只是为了构成不定式的一种符号,是非谓语动词形式的一种,动词不定式在句中不能独立作谓语,除了不能作谓语以外,其他成分都可以作,因此,在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语和补足语。

❶ 动词不定式做主语:这种情况一般要改成it作形式主语的形式,后接不定式,为了避免头重脚轻。

●“It is+形容词+for sb.+to do sth.”意为“做某事对某人来说是…的”中句中的形容词多为描述性的词语,不对人或物的品格进行评价,如difficult, easy, hard, inportant, dangerous, inpossible等。

eg To learn English is very important for me 对我来说学英语很重要。

=It is very important for me to learn English.For you to make more friends is a good plan. 广交朋友是个好办法。

= It's a good plan for you to make more friends.●“It is+形容词+of sb.+to do sth.”意为"做某事对某人来说是…的”。

其中句中的形容词用于描述人的性格、品质, 如:kind, good, nice, right, wrong, clever, careless, polite, foolish 等。

eg It was stupid of him to press the emergency button. 他按了紧急按钮,这真愚蠢。

❷ 本单元我们主要学习动词不定式作宾语的用法:现就动词不定式作宾语的用法介绍如下:●谓语动词+动词不定式,此类动词很多,常见的有:want, like, wish, hate, prefer, hope, continue, manage, try, ask, offer(主动提出), start, forget, promise, mean, pretend(假装), intend(打算), begin, attempt(试图), decide, learn, desire (渴望), agree, care, choose, determine(查明), undertake(承担,承诺),expect 等eg Some students hate to study English. 有些学生不喜欢研读英语。

高中英语动词不定式的基本用法

高中英语动词不定式的基本用法

高中英语动词不定式的基本用法1. 什么是动词不定式?动词不定式是动词的一种形式,在句中充当名词、形容词或副词。

它通常由“to”加上动词原形构成。

例如:to eat、to sleep、to study。

2. 动词不定式作名词动词不定式作名词时,可以做主语、宾语、表语或宾补。

- 作主语:To travel is my dream.- 作宾语:I want to learn English.- 作宾补:She asked me to help her.3. 动词不定式作形容词动词不定式作形容词时,通常修饰名词或代词。

- 修饰名词:I have a book to read.- 修饰代词:There is nothing to worry about.4. 动词不定式作副词动词不定式作副词时,通常修饰动词、形容词或副词。

- 修饰动词:She went to the park to play.- 修饰形容词:He is too tired to continue.- 修饰副词:She runs fast to catch the bus.5. 动词不定式与其他句型的搭配动词不定式与其他句型可以有不同的搭配方式。

- 动词不定式与情态动词搭配:I can't wait to see you.- 动词不定式与感官动词搭配:I heard him sing.- 动词不定式与使役动词搭配:She made me clean the room.6. 动词不定式的否定形式动词不定式的否定形式是在“to”前加“not”,构成“not to + 动词原形”。

- I decided not to go to the party.7. 动词不定式的完成式动词不定式的完成式是在“to”前加“have”,再加动词的过去分词形式。

- I'm glad to have met you.以上就是关于高中英语动词不定式的基本用法的完整版,希望能对您有所帮助。

动词不定式6种用法

动词不定式6种用法

动词不定式6种用法
动词不定式6种用法:
1、不定式的一般式:动词不定式一般式即to+动词原形。

所表示的动作是和谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生,但在多数情况下,是在谓语动词所表示的动作之后发生,不定时一般式与句子主语、宾语或for sb to do sth。

结构中的介词宾语有逻辑上的主谓关系。

2、不定式的完成式:即to have+过去分词。

动词不定式完成式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前,它的逻辑主语也是句子的主语或宾语。

3、不定式的进行式:to be+现在分词。

动词不定式进行式所表示的动作正在进行中,而且与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生。

4、不定式的否定式:动词不定式的否定式是由not+动词不定式构成。

5、不定式的被动式:当不定时的被动式逻辑主语是不定式所表示的动作的承受者时,用不定时的被动形式,即to be done或to have been done。

6、to代替整个不定式:如果句子前面出现过同样的动词,为避免重复,句子后边的不定式应省略动词原形及其后续部分,只保留不定式的符号to。

高中英语动词不定式语法知识点总结

高中英语动词不定式语法知识点总结

高中英语动词不定式语法知识点总结动词不定式考向一不定式的作用1. 作主语:不定式作主语时,谓语用单数。

往往用it 作形式主语,把不定式放在谓语后面。

It took us two hours to finish the job.2. 作宾语(1)动词+不定式。

☞He managed to escape from the fire.☞I find it hard to get along with him. (it 作形式宾语)(2)动词+疑问词+to,"特殊疑问句+不定式"相当于名词,作宾语。

☞I don’t know what to do next/ how to do it next.不定式短语作宾语时,如果还带有宾语补足语,往往把不定式短语放在宾语补足语之后,用it 作形式宾语。

☞I find it necessary to learn a foreign language.3. 作宾语补足语(1)动词+宾语+不定式(to do )。

☞He warned me to be careful.注意:可以用动词不定式作宾补的动词有:ask,tell,order,want,get,would like,like,advise,invite,allowhelp,wish,warn,expect,would prefer,encourage。

(2)表见解、看法的动词结构可为:动词+宾语+ to be 的不定式结构。

☞We consider Tom to be one of the best students in our class.The book is believed to be useful.(被动语态)(3)There +不定式。

We didn’t expect there to be so many people there. 我们没料到会有那么多人在那里。

(4)在动词feel (一感),hear, listen to(二听),have, let, make(三让),notice, see, watch, observe, look at(五看)(即:吾看三室两厅一感觉)等后面的补足语中,不定式不带to,但变为被动语态后,必须带to。

动词不定式的用法总结

动词不定式的用法总结

动词不定式的用法总结
1.作为句子的主语:
Ex: To study English is important for success.
2.作为句子的宾语:
Ex: I want to learn how to play the guitar.
3.作为动词的宾语补语:
Ex: She found it difficult to understand the instructions.
4.与一些动词连用,构成特定的动词短语:
Ex: I need to go to the store.
He wants to buy a car.
5.作为目的状语,表示动作的目的或意图:
Ex: He went to the library to study.
6.作为结果状语,表示结果或后果:
Ex: She studied hard to pass the exam.
7.作为方式状语,表示动作的方式或方法:
Ex: He walked slowly to avoid falling.
8.与形容词连用,表示主语的特征或状态:
Ex: She is happy to see her friends.
9.与副词连用,表示副词的程度或程度的变化:
Ex: He tried to be more careful.。

高中动词不定式的用法总结

高中动词不定式的用法总结

高中动词不定式的用法总结
1. 作主语(主语通常为it):
- It is important to study every day.
- To travel is my dream.
2.作宾语:
- I want to sleep.
- She likes to dance.
3.作补语:
- My plan is to take a vacation.
4. 与一些动词连用,如agree, decide, hope, plan, want等:
- I decided to go to the party.
5.作状语表示目的、原因、结果等:
- He went to the bookstore to buy a new book.
- I ran fast to catch the bus.
6.作状语表示条件或让步:
- He studied hard to pass the exam.
- She tried her best to finish the project.
7.与形容词连用表示结果:
- She was happy to receive the gift.
- He is excited to start his new job.
8.作宾补:
- They made me play the piano.
- I saw him leave the room.
9.作定语表示目的或所需工具:
- We need a pen to write.
- She bought a bookshelf to organize her books.。

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动词不定式专题复习动词不定式的形式:动词不定式的用法1.不定式作主语⑴原则上,可用动词不定式直接作句子的主语,通常用it作句子的形式主语,而把不定式移到后面,形成“It + 谓语… + 动词不定式…”的句型。

如:To catch the 5:00 bus early in the morning is not a good idea.It is not a good idea to catch the 5:00 bus early in the morning.To learn a foreign language well takes painstaking efforts.It takes painstaking efforts to learn a foreign language well.⑵若要说明不定式的动作的执行者,可以在不定式前面加上“for + 名词或代词”结构,或是“of + 名词或代词”结构。

It is a great pleasure for me to talk with him. It is very kind of you to help me .⑶可用于“of + 名词/代词 + 动词不定式”结构中作主语补足语的形容词是指那些可以表示人或事物的性质或品质的好坏的形容词。

这些词如:careful, cruel, foolish, bold, brave, good, honest, kind, rude,polite, nice,stupid, selfish, silly, wicked, wise, thoughtful, wrong等。

2.不定式作宾语不定式作宾语有两种情况:一是及物动词后直接跟带to的不定式,二是“动词+疑问词+带to的不定式”。

⑴“动词+带to的不定式”结构:常见的以不定式作宾语的动词有afford, appear, agree, ask, believe,decide, demand, desire, fail, hope, intend,learn, mean, offer, promise,refuse, wish等。

如:I can‘t afford to buy a house.⑵“动词+疑问代(副)词+不定式”结构:常见的这类动词有advise, decide, forget, know, learn, remember,see, tell, think, teach, wonder,discover, understand, guess, explain等。

这类疑问代(副)词what, when, which, where, how, whether等(不包含why)。

如:She does not know how to go there. He will tell you how to deal with it.⑶在不定式作宾语时,有时我们会使用it作形式宾语,而把不定式放到后面。

如:They consider it inappropriate to have classes in the evening.(4)可以作形容词的宾语。

这一类形容词有glad, sorry, afraid, pleased, determined, willing, eager, anxious等。

例如:I”m determined to give up smoking.He is willing to help us.(5)在tell, advise, allow, forbid, learn, show, decide等词的后面常用“连接词+不定式”作宾语。

例如:We must decide whether to go or stay.I don”t know how to get in touch with him.不定式作表语时,主语通常是一个名词,不定式短语或者从句。

The boss‘s plan is to start building the skyscraper immediately. To work means to earn a living. What you have to do is to push the button.4.不定式作定语不定式作定语相当于一个定语从句,它修饰以下几类名词:⑴由动词派生或转化而来的名词,它们所对应的动词通常有不定式作宾语。

这类名词主要有:attempt, claim,decision, plan, promise, intention, need,resolution,tendency, wish, failure, threat等。

Another attempt to climb the mountain will be made next month.In his speech he expressed his determination to achieve the goal.⑵由可能与不定式搭配的形容词派生出来的名词。

这类名词主要有:anxiety, patience, ability,willingness, ambition等。

Her eagerness to learn a foreign language obvious.⑶不定式作定语还可用来修饰代词something, anything, everything, nothing.不定式做后置定语。

Do you have anything to send? 你有什么东西要寄吗?(不定式to send的动作执行者是you)Do you have anything to be sent? 你有什么要(我或别人)寄的东西吗?不定式to be sent的动作执行者是已被省略的me或someone else)She has everything to lose and nothing to gain.⑷由only, last, next,序数词或形容词最高级修饰的名词后常用不定式作定语。

Jim is the only student to answer the question correctly in his class.You are the last to undertake the blood test.⑸不定式常作为定语修饰there be结构的真实主语。

在there be结构中,用来修饰主语的不定式有时用主动形式,有时用被动形式。

当说话人考虑的是必须有人完成某件事时,不定式用主动形式。

如果说话人强调的是事情本身必须被完成时,不定式则用被动形式。

例如:There is a lot of work to do.(Somebody has to do the work.)There is a lot of work to be done.(The work has to be done.)⑹有些抽象名词。

主要有:reason, right, time, effort, chance, way等。

如: the time to go to school, the way to get to the clinic, the chance to win the game.(7)如果不定式中的动词是不及物动词,则不定式中要有介词.I have something to say.He has a lot of homework to do .He is looking for a room to live in .There is nothing to worry about.不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点工具等,即使是及物动词,不定式后面仍须有相应的介词。

Please give me a pen to write with.不定式所修饰的名词如果是time, place或way,不定式后面的介词习惯上要省去。

He had no money and no place to live. 他没钱没地方住。

(8)不定式作定语时,应放在被修饰词的后面,而且放在其他后置定语之后。

不定式做定语与所修饰的词之间有三种关系:1)动宾关系 I have a lot of work to do.我有很多工作要做。

2)主谓关系 He is always the first to come.他总是第一个来。

3)同位关系 We all have a chance to go to college. 我们都有上大学的机会。

不定式作状语相当于一个状语从句,表示形为的目的、结果或原因。

⑴表示目的。

在这种情况下,不定式的逻辑主语通常也是全句的主语。

He stayed there to see what would happen.在强调不定式目的状语时,不定式前可加in order, so as等。

如:She asked me to drive her to the airport in order to catch the 5:00 plane.He moved the TV set to the meeting-room so as to let everyone watch it.⑵用so……as to……, such(……)as to……, enough to……, too……to, only to等表示结果,如:Have you got enough room to seat all of us?She is too weak to join us in the outing.⑶将不定式移到句首表示条件,如:To hear the teacher better, you have to sit in the front. = If you are to hear the teacher better,……⑷与形容词连用时,大多表示原因。

这些形容词主要有:happy, kind, surprised, frightened, angry,shocked, glad, delighted, grieved,disappointed等。

They were surprised to be informed of the news. I‘m glad to hear this.6.独立结构To tell the truth, I don’t agree with you.•to be frank,•to be honest,•to tell the truth7.关于小品词to(1).不定式中的动词上文已出现过,下文要省略该动词.eg: Would you like to go with me ? I’d like to .(2). 不定式是to be 结构, be 不可省.eg: Would you like to be a teacher? I’d li ke to be.•不定式与疑问词who,which, when, how, what 等连用,在句中起名词作用,可充当主语、表语、宾语等。

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