2019届上海市各区高三英语一模试卷题型分类专题汇编--听力部分--老师版(纯净word带答案已校对终结版)
2019届上海市各区高三英语一模试卷题型分类专题汇编--选词填空--学生版(纯净word已校对终结版)
Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Overcoming Obstacles: How Your Biggest Failure Can Lead to Your Success There’s been a lot written on the theme of failure and how essential it is to success. In a world where ___31___ is given for people’s accomplishments, failing feels dangerous. The fear of failure can stop people taking risks that might lead to success.Heidi Grant Halvorson, a psychologist, points out much of success is ___32___ not on talent but on learning from your mistakes.About half of the people in the world hold that ability in an area --- be it creative or social skill --- is natural. The other half believes, instead, that someone might have a preference or something --- say painting or speaking foreign languages --- but this ability can be improved through ___33___ practice or training.It’s almost impossible to think rationally (理性地) while shouting at yourself, “I’m a failure”. But when you ___34___ your thinking, you will probably see what you can control --- your behavior, your planning, your reactions --- and change them.The primary ___35___ between successful people and unsuccessful people is that the successful people fail more. If you see failure as a monster approaching you, take another look.Success is as scary as failure. Researchers report that satisfaction grows on challenges. Think about it --- a computer game you can always win is boring; one you can win ___36___, and with considerable effort, is fun. In pursuit of success, failure exposes areas that you need to ___37___. So the failure serves as a brick wall to test how you apply yourself to ___38___ your objectives and how much you want them.There is a way to distinguish whether a failure ___39___ you to double down or walk away, says Halvorson. If, when things get rough, you remain fascinated by your goal, you should keep going. If what you’re doing is costing you too much time and energy or it’s not bringing you joy,you should give a second thought to the ___40___ of your goal and even set a new one.Section BDirections：Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.The NileThe ancient Greek writer Herodotus once described Egypt-with some envy-as‘the gift of the Nile’. The Egyptians depend on the river for food, for water and for life. The Ancient Egyptians were able to control and use the Nile, creating the earliest irrigation systems and developing a prosperous ___31___.Snaking through the deserts, the Nile would flood almost ___32___ each year in June. Once the water subsided, a rich deposit of sand was left behind, making an excellent topsoil. Seeds were sown, yielding wheat, barley, beans, lentils and leeks. Drought could spell disaster for the Egyptians, so during the dry seasons, they dug basins and channels to deliver water to their land. They also devised simple channels to transfer water at the peak of the flood.An early system of ___33___ a Nilometer, was used to determine the size of the floods. Later, during the New Kingdom, a lifting system called a shaduf was used to raise water from the river--___34___ to the way in which a well is used today.The Egyptians took up some of the earliest trading missions. Without a(n) ___35___ system they exchanged goods, bringing back timber, precious stones, pottery, spices and animals. Their efforts in medicine were also ___36___ advanced: surgeons performed operations to remove cysts(囊肿). Mummification gave them great understanding of the human body-yet they also relied heavily on various medicines to prevent disease, and discoveries were often confused with superstition(迷信). And while a great deal of time was dedicated to ___37___ the Egyptians thought the stars were gods.By the 16th century Egypt was under the Ottoman Empire until Britain seized control in 1882. What is now mostly Arabic Egypt only won ___38___ from Britain after World War II. The SuezCanal, opened in 1869, __________the country as a center for world transportation. But it, and the completion of the Aswan High Dam in 1971 ___40___ the ecology of the Nile, which now struggles to satisfy the country’s rapidly growing population, currently more than 76 million-the largest in the Arab world.Section BDirections:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Workforce of the FutureThe workplace is changing rapidly. Rather than the standard working day of nine to five, employees are working more flexibly to meet their busy home lives. Advances in technology are ___31___ the very nature of the tasks and skills required in the workplace.To gain a full perspective of how the workplace is set to change over the next decade, employee benefits provider Unum UK ___32___ with The Future Laboratory to survey 3,000 workers across several industries. They also interviewed industry experts and business leaders on topics from artificial intelligence and robotics to the increase of flexible working and an ageing workforce.The resulting outlines some of the employment changes that businesses can expect to see over the next decade and predicts the ___33___ of two worker cultures which will dominate the workforce. They are the obligated and the self-fulfilled worker.“O bligated workers” refer to people with dependents and the sandwich generation, ___34___ raising children with caring for elderly parents. Therefore, they value a career ___35___ to life stages and events and financial security. Joel Defries, 33, father of one kid and partner at London Vodka said, “A flexible employer will allow me to have a long paternity leave(陪产假) and to value my family j ust as much as I value my job.”Self-fulfilled workers are committed to life-long learning and acquiring new skills rather than ___36___ to an employer. They actively look for personal development and want employee benefits that help them ___37___ both their personal and professional ambitions. They treat personal commitments and pursuits as ___38___ to professional commitments. Elly Kemp, 31, ___39___ a full-time employee, now working part-time in a cafe and also assisting with her grandmother’s care said, “My approach to work allows me the freedom to ___40___ my career at my own pace. I want my work to be fluid so I can change it when I want and to whatever makes me happy at the time.”Section BDirections:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Aurora(极光):wonders or disturbancesCanada，February 2017: I stood in the snow on a frozen lake, watching as the sky twisted in front of me. Green bands of light ____31____ out in the darkness. Slowly the colors twisted and broke and reappeared elsewhere until, suddenly, a whole band flowed and pulsed across the sky, ____32____ with delicate yellow. pinks and purples. It was as dramatic as thunderstorm, yet calm.Gentle,yet ____33____, Most of all,it was a gift.This was my fifth aurora trip and the first time I had seen fast movements and bright colors.The calm green auroral displays that many people see are driven by a(n)_____34_____ stream of particles(微粒) from called the solar wind. But when the sun throws us extra hot fast particles, this process goes overdrive-we get much more movement and colour, It is glorious! Aurora-spotters long for it.But for some, the wild movements of the heavens can have serious ____35____ Satellites’electronics are affected or damaged by incoming fast particles, ____36____ industries that rely on them. Flights may need to change course to avoid radio ____37____ around the poles, or to protectaircrew from enhanced radiation exposure. During a solar storm, aircrew may receive their annual radiation limit over a single flight.Stormy space weather affects us on the ground, too. A larger storm in 1989 caused a 10-hour electrical blackout over Canada's Quebec Province, costing the economy a(n) ____38____ C$10 billion. Disturbance of the atmosphere causes problems with radio broadcast and GPS. In September 2017,a huge solar fame ______39_____ just as Hurricane Fran hit the Caribbean. The resultant HF radio blackout held up the emergency response, Meanwhile, beautiful aurora displays were seen in England. Place its beauty aside, then, and the auroral ___40___is nothing other than a giant planetary disturbance, more of a worry than a wonder for some people. Yet seldom do such disturbances have such fascinating side effects as that of the aurora dancing across our Arctic skies.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.The human body can tolerate only a small range of temperature, especially when the person is engaged in vigorous activity. Heat (31) _______ usually occur when large amounts of water and/or salt are lost through oversweating following exhausting exercise. When the body becomes overheated and cannot (32) _______ this overheatedness, heat exhaustion and heat stroke are possible.Heat exhaustion is generally (33) _______ by sweaty skin, tiredness, sickness, dizziness, plentiful sweating, and sometimes fainting, resulting from a(n) (34) _______ intake of water and the loss of fluids. First aid treatment for this condition includes having the victim lie down, (35) _______ the feet 8 to 12 inches, applying cool, wet cloths to the skin, and giving the victim sips of salt water (1 teaspoon per glass, half a glass every 15 minutes) over a 1-hour period.Heat stroke is much more serious; it is a(n) (36) _______ life-threatening situation. The characteristics of heat stroke are a high body temperature (which may reach 106° F or more); arapid pulse; hot, dry skin; and a blocked sweating (37) _______. Victims of this condition may be unconscious, and first-aid measures should be (38) _______ at quickly cooling the body. The victim should be placed in a tub of cold water or (39) _______ sponged with cool water until his or her temperature is sufficiently lowered. Fans or air conditioners will also help with the cooling (40) _______. Care should be taken, however, not to over-chill the victim once the temperature is below 102° F.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.They’re till kids, and although there’s a lot that the experts don’t yet know about them, one thing they do agree on is that what the kids use and expect from their world has changed rapidly. And it’s all because of technology.To the psychologists, sociologists, and media experts who study them, their digital devices set this new group ___31___ , even from their Millennial(千禧年的) elders, who are quite familiar with technology. They want to be constantly connected and available in a way even their older brothers and sisters don’t quite get. These differences may appear slight, but they ___32___ the appearance of a new generation.The ___33___ between Millennial elders and this younger group was so evident to psychologist Larry Rosen that he has ___34___the birth of a new generation in a new book, Rewired: Understanding the ingeneration and the Way They Learn, out next month. Rosen says the technically ___35___ life experience of those born since the early 1990s is so different from the Millennial elders he wrote about in his 2007 book, Me, MySpace and I: Parenting the Net Generation, that they distinguish themselves as a new generation, which he has given them the nickname of “ingeneration”.Rosen says portability is key. They are ___36___ from their wireless devices, which allowthem to text as well as talk, so they can be constantly connected-even in class, where cell phones are ___37___ banned.Many researchers are trying to determine whether technology somehow causes the brains of young people to be wired differently. “They should be distracted and should perform more poorly than they do,” Rosen says. “But findings show teens ___38___ distractions much better than we would predict by their age and their brain development.”Because these kids are more devoted to technology at younger ages, Rosen says, the educational system has to change ___39___."The growth on the use of technology with children is rapid, and we run the risk of being out of step with this generation as far as how they learn and how they think, we have to give them options because they want their world ___40___.” Rosen says.Section BDirections:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Welcome to Windsor CastleWindsor Castle is the oldest and largest occupied castle in the world and the Official Residence of the Queen of Britain. Over a period of nearly 1,000 years it has been ___31___ continuously, and altered and redecorated by monarchs(君主)one after the other. Some were great builders, strengthening the Castle against ___32___ and rebellion; others, living in more peaceful times, created a grand Royal residence. William the Conqueror chose the site, high above the river Thames and on the edge of a Saxon hunting ground. It was a day’s march from the Tower of London and intended to guard the western ___33___ to the capital. The outer walls of today’s structure are in the same position as those of the ___34___ castle built by William the Conqueror in the 1070s.The Queen uses the Castle both as a private home, where she usually spends theweekend, and as a Royal residence at which she undertakes certain formal duties. Windsor Castle is ___35___ used by the Queen to host State Visits from overseas monarchs and presidents. Every year the Queen takes up official residence in Windsor Castle for a month over Easter (March-April).The Castle is huge, so people tend to head for the most ___36___ bits---the State Apartments, St. George’s Chapel, the Gallery and the delightful Queen Mary’s Dolls House. Works of art, antique furniture, curiosities and impressive architecture reflect the tastes of many different royal generations. The State Apartments are ___37___ decorated formal rooms still used for state and official functions.The magnificent and beautiful St. George’s Chapel was started in 1475 by Edward IV and was completed 50 years later by Henry VIII. It ___38___ among the finest examples of late medieval architecture in the UK.The Drawings Gallery ___39___ the exhibition “The Queen: 60 Photographs for 60 Years”. The exhibition presents portraits of the Queen ___40___ in brief moments on both official occasions and at relaxed family gatherings.Section BDirections:Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Artificial skin is a substitute for human skin produced in the laboratory, typically used to treat burns. Different types of artificial skin differ in their complexity, but all are designed to ___31___ at least some of the skin's basic functions, which include protecting against wetness and infection and regulating body heat.Skin is primarily made of two layers: the uppermost layer, the epidermis, which serves as a protection against the environment; and the dermis, the layer below the epidermis. The dermis also contains substances, which help to make the skin ___32___ and maintain its biological functions.Artificial skins close wounds, which prevents bacterial infection and water loss and in result the wounded skin can ___33___. For example, one commonly used artificial skin, Integra. functions as a support between cells that helps regulate cell behavior and causes a new dermis to form by promoting cell growth and collagen(股原质) ___34___. The Integra “dermis” is also biodegradable(可生物降解的). It is gradually absorbed and replaced by the new dermis.Aside from its uses in the clinical35, artificial skin may also be used to model human skin for research. For example, artificial skin is used as an alternative in animal testing. Such testing may cause ___36___ pain and discomfort to the animals and it does not ___37___ predict the response of human skin. Some companies like L’óreal have already used ar tificial skin to test many ___38___ ingredients and products. Other research applications include how skin is affected by UV exposure and how certain substances in sunscreen and medicines are transported through skin.Today new technology has been developed by growing ___39 ___ of skin taken from the patient or other humans. One major source is the foreskins of newborns. Such cells often do not stimulate the body’s immune system-a mechanism that allows babies to develop within their mother’s body-and hence are much less likely to be ___40___ by the patient's body.Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Scientists at Cornell University in New York studied the eating habits of 139 people enjoying an Italian buffet (自助餐) in a restaurant. The price of the food was set by the ___33___ at either $4 or $8 for the all-you-can-eat meal. Customers were askedto ___34___ how good the food tasted, the quality of the restaurant and to leave their names.The experiment ___35___ that the people who paid $8 for the food enjoyed their meal 11 percent more than those who ate the “cheaper” buffet. Interestingly those that paid for the $4 buffet said they felt guiltier about loading up their plates and felt that they ___36___ . However, the scientists said that both groups ate around the same quantity of food in total, according to the study ___37___ at the Experimental Biology meeting this week.Brian Wansink, a professor of ___38___ behaviour at the university, said: “We were fascinated to find that pricing has little impact on how much one eats, but a huge impact on how you ___39___ the experience.” He thinks that people enjoyed their food more as they associated cost with quality and that small changes to a restaurant can change how tasty people find their meals.Ina(n) ___40___ study, scientists from the university showed that people who eat in dim lighting consume 175 less calories (卡路里) than people who eat in brightly lit areas.Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.The Father of JD PrintingAbout twenty years ago, the surgeons at the Wilford Hull medical center working to separate a pair of conjoined(连体的) twins thought that only one would be able to walk after the operation. After a model of the girls’ bone structure was ____31____ using 3D printing, however, they found a shared upper leg bone to be bigger than expected and split it successfully, ____32_____ in both twins being able to walk. Now eighty and still working as chief technology officer of 3D Systems.Chuck Hull is enjoying some minor ____33____ 31 years after he first printed a small black eye-wash cup using a new method of manufacturing known as 3D printing.At the time, he was working for a company that used UV light to put thin layers of plastic coats on tabletops and ____34____. He had an idea that if he could place thousands of thin layers of plastic on top of each other and then cut their shape using light, he would be able to form three dimensional objects. After a year, he ____35____ a system where light was shone into a bottle of photopolymer – a material which changes from liquid to plastic-like solid when light shines on it –and traces the shape of one level of the object. Subsequent layers are then printed until it is ____36_____.After patenting the invention, he set up 3D Systems, ____37____ getting $6m (£3.5m) from a Canadian investor. The first ____38____ product came out in 1988 and proved a hit among car manufacturers, in the aerospace sector and for companies designing medical equipment. The possibilities appear endless – from home-printed food and medicine to ____39____ that pictures of objects be able to be taken in shops and then recreated using plans downloaded from the Internet Although deliberate in his responses, there is one moment when the ____40____ spoken Chuck Hull tells of his surprise about what exactly his creation was capable of achieving.Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Want to figure out if someone is a psychopath (精神变态者)? Ask them what their favourite song is. A New York University study last year found that people who loved Eminem’s Lose Yourself and Justin Bieber’s What Do You Mean? were more likely to ___31___ highly on the psychopathy scale than people who were into Dire Straits.Over the past few years, Spotify has been enhancing its data analytic ___32___ in an attempt to help marketers ___33___ consumers with adverts tailored to the mood they’re in. They inferthis from the sort of music you’re listening to, ___34___with where and when you’re listening to it, along with third-party data that might be available.Now, to be clear, there’s nothing particularly ___35___ about what Spotify is doing with your data. I certainly don’t think that they are working with shadowy consulting firms to serve you ads promoting a culture war while you’re listening to the songs that ___36___ you might be in a casually racist mood. Nevertheless, I find it ___37___ that our personal private moments with music are increasingly being turned into data points and sold to advertisers.You can see where this could go, can’t you? As ad targeting gets ever more complicated, marketers will have the ability to target our emotions in ___38___ exploitative ways. According to one study, titled Misery Is Not Miserly, you are more likely to spend more on a ___39___ if you’re feeling sad. You can imagine some companies might take advantage of that. A nd on that note, I’m feeling a little down about all this. I’ll ___40___ off to treat myself to something expensive.Section BDirections:Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.The ability of the herd mentality(从众心理) to increase people’s chances of liking or believing something may help explain a wide variety of phenomena. Aral (A managerial economist at the Massachusetts institute of technology) says, from housing ____31____ to gold prices and from political polls to restaurant reviews, the ____32____ that other people like something has a powerful ability to make people like it themselves.The new study ____33____ how simple it would be for companies to control reviews of their products by simply adding a few positive ____34____ of their own early reviews in the process, Aral adds.It found that effects were strongest when stories were about politics, business and culturesthan for fun or lifestyle pieces. In situations where there are more ____35____ news reviews, you have to be a little more cautious about interpreting likes and dislikes.“Think twice before you trust, how many likes something has,” he adds. “That’s something you have to ____36____ with a grain of salt (持怀疑态度).” And it’s a situation many online users ____37____ on a daily basis.Aral recently went on Yelp website to review a restaurant with a plan to give it three out of five stars, but when he got to the ____38____, he was shown how other people describe the same place and those reviews include someone with five stars. Seeing those positive reviews made him think twice about his own ____39____ average opinion.“A woman ____40____ how great it is, how great her great prices are and how the lemon sauce is so great,” he says. “Maybe it’s not such a good idea to say some rating right before you make your own.”Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Dealing with Difficult RelationshipsEveryone has at least one awkward or ____31____ relationship. It may be with somebody who will ____32____ your energy whenever you are with them. Or worse, it could be someone who always cuts you down. This person may be a family member or even a friend. No matter who it is, it’s necessary that you learn to set boundaries for yourself. Otherwise this kind of relationship can chip away at your self-esteem.Setting boundaries for difficult relationships starts by ____33____ how you are affected by the relationship. Do they b ring you closer to your goals or pull you farther away? For example, it’s time to study for tomorrow’s test. But your friend wants to take you to a party. Here, setting boundaries will help protect your ____34____ goals.Next, decide how much time you shou ld spend with these people. It’s easy to overcommit yourself. But it’s difficult to help others if you forget to protect your own ____35____.How do you know if a relationship is unhealthy, and it’s time to set boundaries? Here are a few practical questions to ask yourself.1. How does this relationship affect me?Every ____36____ can affect you positively or negatively. For example, someone whopressures you to something you’re not comfortable doing will ____37____ you out. But a friend who considers how you feel will respect your ____38____ to try something new.2. Why am I in this relationship in the first place?People may try to keep you in an unhealthy relationship. By ____39____ you it’s your obligation or duty, you forget about your own needs. Sadly, by remaining ____40____ to these people, you forget who you are. You allow them to take advantage of you or even belittle you.Settling boundaries requires taking a long, honest look at yourself. By saying “no” to harmful patterns in relationships, you say “yes” to a healthier you.Section BDirections:Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Is climate change consuming your favorite foods?Coffee: Whether or not you try to limit yourself to one cup of coffee a day, the effects of climate change on the world’s coffee-growing regions may leave you little choice. Coffee plantations in South America, Africa, Asia and Hawaii are all being threatened by rising air temperatures and unstable rainfall patterns, which invite disease and ____32____ species to live on the coffee plant and ripening beans. The result? Significant cuts in coffee yield and less coffee in your cup. It is estimated that, if current climate patterns continue, half of the areas ____33____ suitable for coffee production won't be by the year 2050.Tea: When it comes to tea, warmer climates and erratic precipitation aren’t only ____34____ the world’s tea-growing regions, they’re also messing with its distinct flavor. For example, in India, researchers have already discovered that the Indian Monsoon has brought more intense rainfall, making tea flavor weaker. Recent research coming out of the University of Southampton suggests that tea-producing areas in some places, ____35____ East Africa, could decline by as much as 55 percent by 2050 as precipitation and temperatures change. Tea pickers are also feeling the ____36____ of climate change. During harvest season, increased air temperatures are creating an increased risk of heatstroke for field workers.Seafood: Climate change is affecting the world's aquaculture as much as its agriculture. As air temperatures rise, oceans and waterways absorb some of the heat and ____37____ warming of their own. The result is a decline in fish population, including in lobsters (who are cold-blooded creatures), and salmon (whose eggs find it hard to survive in higher water temps). Warmer waters also _____38_____ toxic marine bacteria, like Vibrio, to grow and cause illness in humans whenever ingested with raw seafood, like oysters or sashimi.And that ____39_____ “crack” you get when eating crab and lobster? It could be silenced as shellfish struggle to build their calcium(碳) carbonate shells, a result of ocean acidification (absorb carbon dioxide from the air). According to a study, scientists predicted that if over-fishing and rising temperature trends continued at their present rate, the world's seafood ____40___ would run out by the year 2050.Section BDirections:Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Getting help with parenting makes a difference -- at any age New Oxford University study finds that parenting interventions(育儿干预) for helping children with behavior problems are just as effective in school age, as in younger children.。
上海市2019届高三英语一模. 高考英语系列
黄浦区2018-2019学年第一学期期末质量试卷高三英语（满分140分，完卷时间120分钟）2018.12Ⅰ.listening(略）II.Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections：After reading the passage below,fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct.For the blanks with a given word,fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word;for the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank.Just How Buggy is Your Phone?What item in your home crawls with the most germs?If you say___21___toilet seat,you’re wrong. Kitchen sponges top the list.But cell phones are pretty dirty too.They contain around10times as many germs as toilet seats.People touch their phones,laptops,and other digital devices all day long,yet rarely clean them.In one incident,a thief paid a terrible price for stealing a germy cell phone.He stole it from a hospital in Uganda during a widespread of the deadly disease Ebola.The phone’s owner reported the theft before___22___（die）from the disease.Soon,the thief began showing symptoms and finally___23___（confess）to the crime. ___24___in that unusual case a cell phone carried dangerous bacteria,not all germs are bad.Most cause no harm. In fact,they could provide helpful information.Look at the surface of your phone carefully.Do you see some dirty mars?“That's all you,”says microbial ecologist Jarrad Hampton-Marcell.“That’s biological information.”It turns out that the types of germs that you apply all over your phone or tablet are different from___25___ of your friends and family.They’re like a fingerprint that could identify you.Some day in the future,investigators may use these microbial fingerprints to solve crimes.Phones and digital devices may be one of the best places to look for buggy clues.In a2017study,researchers sampled a range of surfaces in22participants’homes,___26___countertops and floors to computer keyboards and mice.Then they tried to match the microbial fingerprints on each object to its owner.The office equipment was easiest to match to its owner.In an___27___（early）study,a different group of researchers found that they could use microbial fingerprints to identify the person who___28___（use）a computer keyboard even after the keyboard sat untouched for two weeks at room temperature.One day,microbial signatures might show___29___people have gone and what they have touched.They could prove___30___an unmarked device is yours.So,sure,your phone is pretty germy.Does that inspire you,or does it just bother you?Section BDirections：Complete the following passage by using the words in the box.Each word can only be used once.Note that there is one word more than you need.A.measurementB.similarC.remarkablyD.monetaryE.astronomyF.alteredG.civilization H.defined I.independence J.invariably K.dominatedThe NileThe ancient Greek writer Herodotus once described Egypt-with some envy-as‘the gift of the Nile’.The Egyptians depend on the river for food,for water and for life.The Ancient Egyptians were able to control and use the Nile,creating the earliest irrigation systems and developing a prosperous___31___.Snaking through the deserts,the Nile would flood almost___32___each year in June.Once the water subsided,a rich deposit of sand was left behind,making an excellent topaoil.Seeds were sown,yielding wheat, barley,beans,lentils and leeks.Drought could spell disaster for the Egyptians,so during the dry seasons,they dug basins and channels to deliver water to their land.They also devised simple channels to transfer water at the peak of the flood.An early system of___33___a Nilometer,was used to determine the size of the ter,during the New Kingdom,a lifting system called a shaduf was used to raise water from the river--___34___to the way in which a well is used today.The Egyptians took up some of the earliest trading missions.Without a(n)___35___system they exchanged goods,bringing back timber,precious stones,pottery,spices and animals.Their efforts in medicine were also ___36___advanced:surgeons performed operations to remove cysts（囊肿）.Mummification gave them great understanding of the human body-yet they also relied heavily on various medicines to prevent disease,and discoveries were often confused with superstition（迷信）.And while a great deal of time was dedicated to ___37___the Egyptians thought the stars were gods.By the16th century Egypt was under the Ottoman Empire until Britain seized control in1882.What is now mostly Arabic Egypt only won___38___from Britain after World WarⅡ.The Suez Canal,opened in1869, __________the country as a center for world transportation.But it,and the completion of the Aswan High Dam in 1971___40___the ecology of the Nile,which now struggles to satisfy the country’s rapidly growing population, currently more than76million-the largest in the Arab world.Ⅲ.Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections：For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C,and D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Keeping The Taps Running in Thirsty CitiesWater covers71%of Earth’s surface yet only2%of it is accessible as a source of fresh water.___41___on this limited resources is rising,a trend likely to continue.It is important to recognize that it is not just city residents who___42___water.Agriculture,industry and tourism often require more water than the municipal water supply.Globally,70%of fresh water is___43___for agriculture,but locally in heavily irrigated（灌溉）areas this can increase to90%.A healthy environment also requires fresh water,and the quality of available water is as important as its___44___.Water stress is not always caused by physical shortages in dry areas.___45___for water resources between different users within river catchments or basins can also be a cause.Every thirsty city operates within its own context,___46___to the challenge of providing adequate water supplies.Cape Town,___47___,has faced three years of drought during which winter rains failed to materialize.At the end of the2017rainy season the city faced the___48___of its dams running dry during2018.The dams were only37%full—in the same week four years before they were full to the top.In January2018,it was___49___that Cape Town would reach Day Zero,when it would be forced to turn off the taps,in April.This was despite the city reducing its water use by more than half,from1.2billion litres a day in2015to fewer than600million litres,and working___50___with industry and agriculture to reduce demand.On February1,the authorities put in place a strict limit of50litres of water per person per day.___51___, in Britain this is considered enough for a five-minute shower of half a washing machine cycle on full load.In addition,a ban was placed on using___52___water for gardens,water management devices were installed at household with a high water use and the water pressure was reduced to cut demand and leaks.At the same,the city launched a media___53___to change habits and introduced higher duties.This is not without its costs;agriculture and tourism,both significant areas of employment,have___54___.It is a classic example of the problem of water economics-the cost of water is low but the cost of a lack of water is very high.Crises such as the Cape Town drought are in danger of becoming the new norm.The___55___of Day Zero must serve as a wake-up call for cities across the world to develop cost-effective water management strategies to cope with an uncertain future.41.A.Impact B.Pressure C.Impression D.Observation42.A.recycle B.waste C.consume D.apply43.A.restored B.abstracted C.separated D.preserved44.A.change B.source C.origin D.volumepetition B.Protection C.Construction D.Regulation46.A.contributing B.regarding C.responding D.referring47.A.in addition B.for example C.on the contrary D.as a result48.A.prospect B.illustration C.symptom D.security49.A.reported B.presented C.predicted D.explained50.A.respectively B.increasingly C.restrictively D.extensively51.A.By comparison B.In other words C.To our surprise D.What’s more52.A.feasible B.drinkable C.inevitable D.influential53.A.campaign B.statement C.presentation D.advertisement54.A.invaded B.liberated C.suffered D.proceeded55.A.change B.theory C.record D.threatSection B(A)Despite an advertisement campaign suggesting wall-to-wall special effects,“Bridge of Terabithia”is grounded in reality far more than in fantasy.Adapting Katherine Paterson’s award-winning novel,the screenwriters David Paterson and Jeff Stockwell have produced a thoughtful and extremely affecting story of a transformativefriendship between two unusually gifted children.The result is a movie whose emotional depth could appeal more to adults than to their children.Jess Aarons(Josh Hutcherson)is a sixth grader with four sisters,financially tensed parents and a talent for drawing.An introverted(内向的)kid who is regularly picked on by the school buses,Jess forms a bond with a new student named Leslie(Anna Sophia Robb),a free spirit whose parents,both writers,are fondly neglectful.An attraction between outsiders,their friendship feeds on her words and his pictures;together they create an imaginary kingdom in the woods behind their homes,a world they can control and where their minds can wander free.Beautifully capturing a time when a bully in school can occur as large as a monster in a nightmare and the encouragement of a teacher can alter the course of a life,“Bridge to Terabithia”keeps the fantasy in the background to find magic in the everyday.Gabor Csupo directs this,his first feature,like someone close to the pain of being different,fascinated in tiny,perfect details.With strong performances from all the leads,“Bridge to Terabithia”is able to handle adult topics with sensitivity.As the emotional landscape darkens,those who haven’t read the book may be surprised at the sorrow the filmmakers cause without ever resorting to horror or terror.In other words,your children may cry,but they won’t be traumatized so badly.Consistently smart and delicate as a spider web,“Bridge to Terabithia”is the kind of children’s movie rarely seen nowadays.At a time when many public schools are being forced to cut music and art from the curriculum,the story’s insistence on the healing power of a cultivated imagination is both welcome and essential.56.The second paragraph indicates that Jess and Leslie________.A.lost their control over the imaginary kingdomB.looked down on their individual realitiesC.formed a good friendship despite their different talentsD.wrote a book about a magical land called Terabithia57.Which of the following words is most likely to replace“traumatized”(paragraph4)?A.criticizedB.ignoredC.delightedD.shocked58.The two children most likely________.A.skipped school to play in the woods behind their campusB.created an imaginary world as an escape from realityC.disappointed their parents with their over-active imaginationsD.won against the bullies at school with strong performances59.Which of the following statements will the author most probably agree with?A.The fantasy components of the movie were too over-done.B.The movie is motional but not much too dramatic.C.“Bridge to Terabithia”has a negative impact on public school education.D.Children shouldn’t watch the film as they are too young to understand the topics.(B)Hot Air BalloonsA hot air balloon is made up of3main parts:The EnvelopeThe actual fabric balloon whichholds the airThe BurnerThe unit which pushes the heat upinto the envelopeThe BasketWhere the passengers and pilotstandThe basis of how the balloon works is that warmer air rises in cooler air.This is because hot air is lighter than cool air as it has less mass per unit of volume.Mass can be defined by the measure of how much matter something contains.The actual balloon has to be large as it takes a large amount of heated air to lift it off the ground.The burner uses propane gas to heat up the air in the envelope to move the balloon off the ground and into the air.The pilot must keep firing the burner at regular intervals throughout the flight to ensure that the balloon continues to the stable.Naturally,the hot air will not escape from the hot at the very bottom of the envelop as firstly, hot air rises and secondly,the floating power keeps it moving up.To move the balloon upwards,the pilot opens up the propane value which lets the propane flow to the burner which in turn frees the flame up into the envelope.It works in much the same way as a gas grill:the more you open the valve,the bigger the flame to beat the air and the faster the balloon rises.The“Parachute Valve”at the very top of the balloon is what is used to bring the balloon down towards the ground.It is a circle of fabric cut out of the top of the envelop which is controlled by a rope which runs down through the middle of the envelope to the basket.If the pilot wants to bring the balloon down,he or she simply pulls on the rope which will open the valve,letting hot air escape,decreasing the inner air temperature.This cooling of air causes the balloon to slow its rise.The pilot can operate horizontally by changing the vertical position of the balloon because the wind blows in different directions at different altitudes.If the pilot wants to move in a particular direction,he or she simply arises and falls to the appropriate level and rides with the wind.60.The purpose of this article is to__________.A.explain how hot air balloons workB.illustrate why hot air balloons are usefulC.describe hot air balloons’structurerm readers about how hot air balloons are made61.What would happen if the“Parachute Valve”could not be released after it was opened?A.The inside of the balloon would continue to heat up.B.The balloon would climb up more rapidlyC.The self-sealing valve would need to take over the role of the Parachute Valve.D.The balloon would begin to move down more rapidly.62.Which of the following skills or knowledge would be the most useful to a balloon pilot?A.The ability to sew the panels of fabric together to make a balloon.B.An understanding of how propane gas is manufactured.C.A knowledge of the background of passengers who are travelling in the balloon.D.A knowledge of air currents and wind directions in the area where he is piloting the balloon.(C)The surface of Venus has never seemed very hospitable.Temperatures change around470°C(900°F),the result of a runway greenhouse effect,and the pressure of its atmosphere,thick with carbon dioxide and sulfuric acid(硫酸),is some90times that of Earth’s.Lead(铅)would flow like water on Venus,and water cannot have existed in liquid form for perhaps a billion years.Now NASA’S Magellan spacecraft seems to have found one more horror in the nasty landscape:active st week the space agency released the first detailed map of Venus and the most dramatic images ever made of its surface.The picture offer the best evidence to date that a planet once assumed dead is actually a lively pot of geological change.The most amazing image is of Venus’s second tallest mountain,Maat Mons,which rises8km(5miles).Most of the planet’s many peaks,including9.5-km-(6-mile-)high Maxwell Montes,look bright in the radar pictures Magellan takes from its orbit above the permanent could cover.That means they are strong reflectors of radar waves.But Maat Mons is dark;like the Stealth bomber,it absorbs much of the radar falling on it.This interesting fact,say project scientists,is a strong hint that the mountains has recently been covered with lava(熔岩).Rock that sits on the surface of mountaintops appears to weather quickly in the hot,chemically reactive atmosphere,creating a soil that is rich in iron sulfide(硫化铁).It is this mineral,the scientists believe,that can easily be seen on radar.If Maat Mons doesn’t have any,it has probably been resurfaced,perhaps within the past few years.Such resurfacing has undoubtedly taken place in Venus lowlands:earlier images of the planet showed vast areas that are remarkably free of craters(火山坑).That would be easy to explain on a Planet like Earth,where cratering from meteor strikes is erased by steady erosion.But while there is some evidence of wind erosion on Venus,the best explanation for the lack of cratering is periodic lava flow.Magellan has found direct evidence of such flows,including dome like upwellings and hardened streamed of rock trailing down the sides of Venusian peaks.There are also signs of other geologic activities,including dramatic faulting and several distinct incidents of mountain building.But the evidence can’t indicate whether they really occurred millions of years ago.The case for active Venusian volcanoes is not yet proved,but Magellan,which is now well into its second complete survey of the planet’s surface,may eventually settle the issue.63.Which of the following has NO possibility to be found on Venus now?A.Carbon dioxideB.Sulfuric acidC.Liquid waterD.Active volcanoes64.The scientists believe that_________shows up easily on radar.A.geological changeB.iron sulfideC.mountain mineralva flow65.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A.The resurfacing has changed the images of the vast areas in Venus lowlands.B.The wind erosion on Venus is caused by periodic lava flowsC.Streams of rock trailing down the side of Venusian peaks can be seen on EarthD.Other geologic activities have caused dramatic and unbelievable climate phenomenon.66.What can be inferred from the passage?A.NASA’S Magallan spacecraft fails to stand the environment of Venus.B.There is clear and confirmed evidence for the active Venusian volcanoes on Venus.C.Some evidence of periodic lava flows has been found by NASA astronauts.D.Magellan will conduct a follow-up complete survey of the Venus’surface.Section CDirections:Read the following passage.Fill in each blank with a proper sentences given in the box.Each sentence can be used only once.Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A.However,facial recognition seems merely to encode them.B.Research show that artificial intelligence can reconstruct the facial structures of people.C.Anyone with a phone can take a picture for facial-recognition programs to use.D.Technology is rapidly catching up with the human ability to read faces.E.Continuous facial recording that paints computerized data onto the real world might change the texture of social interactions.F.The astonishing variety of facial features helps people recognize each other and is crucial to the formation of complex societies.Nowhere To Hide:What Machines Can Tell From Your FaceThe human face is a remarkable piece of work.67So is the face’s ability to send emotional signals, whether through the unconscious shame or the trick of a false smile.People spend much of their waking lives,in the office and the courtroom as well as the bar and the bedroom,reading faces,for signs of attraction,hostility,trust and deceit.They also spend plenty of time trying to hide their feelings,intentions or nature.68In America facial recognition is used by churches to track worshippers’attendance;in Britain,by retailers to spot past shoplifters.This year Welsh police used it to arrest a suspect outside a football game.In China it confirms the identities of ride-hailing drivers,permits tourists to enter attractions and lets people pay for things with a smile.Apple’s new iPhone is expected to use it to unlock the homescreen.Set against human skills,such applications might seem enhancive.Some breakthroughs,such as flight or the internet,obviously transform human abilities.69Although faces are peculiar to individuals,they are also public,so technology does not,at first sight,intrude on something that is private.And yet the ability to record,store and analyse images of faces cheaply,quickly and on a vast scale promises one day to bring about fundamentalchanges to notions of privacy,fairness and trust.70Masking true feelings helps fix the wheels of daily life.If your partner can spot every prohibited yawn,and your boss every hint of annoyance,marriages and working relationships will be more truthful,but less harmonious.The basis of social interactions might change,too,from a set of commitments founded on trust to calculations of risk and reward derived from the information a computer attaches to someone’s face.Relationships might become more reasonable,but also transactional.IV.Summary Writing71.Directions:Read the following passage.Summarize the main idea and the main point(s)of the passage in no more e your own words as far as possible.Sport TourismTourism is the world’s largest industry and is predicted to grow well into the years to come.Increasingly,the economic importance of tourism has been recognized by governments around the world.At the same time,the tourism industry has become more complicated in its development and marketing new forms of tourism.One of the fastest growing parts of the tourism industry is travel related to sport and physical activity.A recent survey found that while the traditional beach and sight-seeing vacations continue to predominate,22%of those surveyed reported that opportunities to participate in sports were important when selecting a vacation.The term sport tourism has been adopted in recent years to describe sport-related leisure travel.It is generally recognized that three are three broad categories of sport tourism.The first category.Watching sporting events or Sports Event Tourism includes hallmark events such as FIFA World Cup Football Championships,and the Olympic games.Tournament sponsored by the Professional Golf Association or the World Tennis Association are also part of the spectator-centered sector of sport tourism.The second type of sport tourism,celebrity and nostalgia sport tourism involves visiting famous sports-related attractions.Visits of the sports halls of fame fall into this category.Another form of celebrity and nostalgia sport tourism that has emerged in recent years is meeting famous sports personalities.The cruise industry has been experienced in this area.Sports theme cruise such as“the NBA basketball cruise”arrange for passengers to meet personalities from sports while on board.Active participation is the third category of sports tourism.This is composed of individuals who travel to participate in golf,skiing,and tennis in particular,although other sports such as fishing,and scuba diving are popular in the US.第II卷（共40分）V.TranslationDirections:Translate the following sentences into English,using the words given in the brackets.72.很多人对他们的潜能一无所知。
上海2019年一模高三英语听力
上海2019年一模高三英语听力深度解析 **English Version**The Shanghai 2019 First Model Test for Senior High School English Listening, a pivotal exam for students preparing for their college entrance exams, offers a comprehensive assessment of students' listening comprehension skills. This test not only evaluatesstudents' ability to understand recorded materials but also challenges them to apply their knowledge of vocabulary, grammar, and context to interpret and respond to questions accurately.The listening section of the test typically includes a variety of audio materials such as conversations, monologues, and lectures, designed to test students'ability to extract key information, understand speaker intentions, and make logical deductions. This requires students to be highly attentive and able to process information quickly and accurately.To excel in this section, students need to possess a solid foundation in English language skills, includingvocabulary, grammar, and pronunciation. They must also be familiar with different accents and speaking speeds to adapt to the variety of audio materials. Furthermore, regular practice and exposure to authentic Englishlistening materials are crucial for developing and enhancing listening comprehension.In addition to basic language skills, strategic approaches are also key to success. Students shouldpractice actively listening for key information, such as the main ideas, examples, and conclusions. They should also learn to identify and ignore irrelevant details to focus on the most important points. Furthermore, taking notes during the listening process can help students recall and organize information more effectively.Preparing for the Shanghai 2019 First Model Test for Senior High School English Listening requires a balanced approach that combines both language skills and strategic practices. Students should focus on enhancing their vocabulary, grammar, and pronunciation skills while simultaneously practicing active listening techniques and note-taking strategies. By doing so, they can improve theirlistening comprehension and achieve better results in this crucial exam.**Chinese Version****2019年上海高三英语一模听力深度解析**2019年上海高三英语一模听力，作为学生们备战高考的重要一环，是对学生英语听力理解能力的全面考核。
2019届上海市各区高三英语一模试卷题型分类专题汇编--阅读理解A篇--老师版(纯净word带答案已校对终结版).do
One【2019届上海市虹口区高三英语一模试题】Section BDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)There aren’t many actors around the world who have enough selfconfidence to turn down an offer from Steven Spielberg. Maybe thatwas why Juliette Binoche gave him a choice. She said she’d be happyto be in Jurassic Park as long as she could play a dinosaur. Of coursehe turned her down and it was probably a good thing. It’s difficult toimagine Juliette ripping people apart with her teeth. However, herdecision doesn’t seem to have done her career any harm. She has gone on to make a string of hits, including The Unbearable Lightness of Being, The English Patient (for which she won an Oscar) and Chocolat.Success in the United States has not been so easy for otherforeign stars. Gerald Depardieu is a good example. Since his firstfilm in 1967, his filmography(影片集锦) lists 172 acting credits.But he has struggled on the other side of the pond. While some ofhis films have been popular in the US, they have usually beenFrench films that travelled. One possible exception was Green Card, directed by Peter Weir, where he plays a French immigrant who goes through a fake wedding in order to stay and work in the United States. This is a predictable but sweet romantic comedy which typecasts (分配同一类型角色) its lead actors in terms of national stereotypes. While some reviewers were kind, others shredded both the film and Depardieu’s performance.While Monsieur Depardieu has n’t received the recognition he would have liked in the United States, one Mexican actor has achieved almost instant success. Gael Garcia Bernal first gained recognition in Amores Perros in 2000 and a year later in Y tu mama tambien. Since then he has appeared with hometown hero, Brad Pitt in Babel and, under the direction of top producer and director, Jim Jarmusch, he starred in Limits of Control. He hasn’t picked up an Oscar yet, but hewas nominated for a BAFTA(英国电影电视艺术学院奖) in 2005 for his performance as the South American hero revolutionary Che Guevara, in Motorcycle Diaries. In the same year he played American music icon Elvis Presley in The King.56. It can be inferred from the passage that Juliette Binoche ______.A. very much wanted to be in Jurassic ParkB. didn’t want to be in Jurassic ParkC. really wanted to play a dinosaur in Jurassic ParkD. was hesitant whether she could play a dinosaur well57. According to the writer, Gerald Depardieu’s most popular films ______.A. have been made in HollywoodB. have only been seen in EuropeC. have been made in France, but seen in other countries, tooD. have been made in Hollywood, but well received in France58. The last sentence in Para 2 “o thers shredded both the film and Depardieu’s performance”means others thought Depardieu’s performance and the film were ______.A. complexB. interestingC. terribleD. impressive59. The writer’s purpose in writing this article is to suggest that ______.A. Foreign actors generally do well in the United StatesB. American actors are able to earn more money than foreign actorsC. Foreign actors are playing an irreplaceable role in the United StatesD. a successful career in Europe or Latin America doesn’t guarantee success in the USAKeys: 56-59 BCCDSection BDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them. There are four choices marked A, B, C and D. choose the one that fits best according to the Information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Despite an advertisement campaign suggesting wall-to-wall special effects, “Bridge of Terabithia” is grounded in reality far more than in fantasy. Adapting Katherine Paterson’s award-winning novel, the screenwriters David Paterson and Jeff Stockwell have produced a thoughtful and extremely affecting story of a transformative friendship between two unusually gifted children. The result is a movie whose emotional depth could appeal more to adults than to their children.Jess Aarons (Josh Hutcherson) is a sixth grader with four sisters, financially tensed parents and a talent for drawing. An introverted(内向的) kid who is regularly picked on by the school buses, Jess forms a bond with a new student named Leslie (Anna Sophia Robb), a free spirit whose parents, both writers, are fondly neglectful. An attraction between outsiders, their friendship feeds on her words and his pictures; together they create an imaginary kingdom in the woods behind their homes, a world they can control and where their minds can wander free.Beautifully capturing a time when a bully in school can occur as large as a monster in a nightmare and the encouragement of a teacher can alter the course of a life, “Bridge to Terabithia” keeps the fantasy in the background to find magic in the everyday. Gabor Csupo directs this, his first feature, like someone close to the pain of being different, fascinated in tiny, perfect details.With strong performances from all the lea ds, “Bridge to Terabithia” is able to handle adult topics with sensitivity. As the emotional landscape darkens, those who haven’t read the book may be surprised at the sorrow the filmmakers cause without ever resorting to horror or terror. In other words, your children may cry, but they won’t be traumatized so badly.Consistently smart and delicate as a spider web, “Bridge to Terabithia” is the kind of children’s movie rarely seen nowadays. At a time when many public schools are being forced to cut music an d art from the curriculum, the story’s insistence on the healing power of a cultivated imagination is both welcome and essential.56. The second paragraph indicates that Jess and Leslie ________.A. lost their control over the imaginary kingdomB. looked down on their individual realitiesC. formed a good friendship despite their different talentsD. wrote a book about a magical land called Terabithia57. Which of the following words is most likely to replace “traumatized” (paragraph 4)?A. criticizedB. ignoredC. delightedD. shocked58. The two children most likely ________.A. skipped school to play in the woods behind their campusB. created an imaginary world as an escape from realityC. disappointed their parents with their over-active imaginationsD. won against the bullies at school with strong performances59. Which of the following statements will the author most probably agree with?A. The fantasy components of the movie were too over-done.B. The movie is motional but not much too dramatic.C. “Bridge to Terabithia” has a negative impact on public school education.D. Children shouldn’t watch the film as they are too young to understand the topics.Keys: 56-59 CDBBSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)One recent night, while I was leafing through its pages of an old journal, my eyes met a quote by the British writer Graham Greene that I had marked. “A prejudice had something in common with an ideal.” In other words, ideals---general descriptions of people’s expectations of themselves and others---can often lead us to unreasonable ideas. It got me thinking about how we often allow ourselves to generalize about groups of people. We like to stereotype people by the color of their skin, the year of their birth or any other related factors.I grew up in a multi-racial corner of America. The different groups were often subject to narrow stereotypes: Jewish people were “greedy,” Mexicans were “poorly educated,” and Asians were “good at math.” These labels were taugh t to us from a young age. They wormed their wayinto our belief systems, harming how we came to see others. It made me sad growing up to see people repeat these stereotypes as if they were true. The rush-to-judgment of people breeds a culture of discrimination(歧视).You can also see these over-generalized description being made against today’s Chinese people. Whether it be a lack of interest or worry among millennials(千禧一代) being described as “monkish,” or “dad-fashion(复古作风)” which has given the “greasy midd le-aged men” tag, stereotypes always seem to gain a foothold in the consciousness of our society. But these generalizations do real harm as these myths may become part of the wider population.It’s about time that we, as a society, walked away from general izations and stereotypes. I leave you with the words of Martin Luther King Jr. from his famous “I Have a Dream” speech: “I look to a day when people will not be judged by the color of their skin, but by the content of their character.” By reserving judgmen t and really getting to know the individual, you might just find your irrational ideas have no foundation.56. According to the passage, how do people tend to judge others?A. By describing people’s personalities.B. By truly getting to know those around.C. By observing their noticeable features.D. By following Martin Luther King’s speech57. According to the author, a culture of discrimination appears because __________.A. people live in places of various racesB. people are born with unreasonable ideasC. prejudices slightly influence people’s belief systemD. people usually make judgments without thinking twice58. Examples of “millennials” and “dad-fashion” are mentioned in Paragraph 3 to reveal _______.A. generalizations have unfavourable position in societyB. generalizations have a negative influence on our societyC. generalizations are found peculiar to the middle-aged ChineseD. generalizations make today’s Chinese people lack interest or worry59. The passage is mainly concerned with ________.A. the common prejudiceB. people’s expectation of themselvesC. the groundless worriesD. the famous speech of Martin Luther KingKeys: 56-59 CDBASection BDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.(A)What to endure before publication?It takes a lot to write a novel. Even those who haven’t tried would say, “Well, duh!” to this. But it’s not much the mind space or the considerable time it takes to write a novel that is as discouraging as how many times any writer must go back to the drawing board for yet another draft. To really ready a novel for publication, a writer must spend time with his or her book. Like any promising relationship, you, the writer , must date your novel, take it out to dinner, meet its parents, and see it through its most trying and desperate times. As a writer, you have to stay up all night with your novel crying and talking and sometimes even pulling your hair out before that perfect moment of inspiration can truly help you cross the finish line.For many published authors I know, myself included, a completed novel takes them about 10, that’s right, 10 drafts, and at least a year of real editing. Will you be spending every single second editing your novel? No, of course not. Just as drafts need some real time on the surgery table, they also need rest in the recovery room. You don’t nurse a relationship by spending every waking second with them until you can’t stand the sight of each other, and you can’t produce a novel by breathing down its literary neck. However, a novel should undergo many drafts---and different kinds of drafts—before declaring it ready for an agent or editor to see.Everyone has their own way to write a novel, and not all craft advice (or even craft “rules”) should all be followed by everyone, but when it comes to the many drafts of a novel, there are specific things a writer should focus on during each revision to help create a smooth transition from the initial idea to final products.56. People are discouraged from writing a novel mainly because it requires _____.A. a good publisherB. too much thinkingC. tons of working timeD. frequent revisions57. What do writers do in the course of creating a novel?A. They spend every minute with the novel.B. They treat the novel as a lover.C. They go out with some readers for dinner.D. They hurt themselves to stay awake.58. By “breathing down its literary neck” in Paragraph 2, the author most probably means _____.A. writing casually thus failing to take readers’ breath awayB. letting go a single mistake thus annoying the readersC. X-raying the work thus finding each literary mistakeD. sticking too close to the work thus causing anxiety59. Which of the following is most likely to come after the last paragraph?A. The importance of using proper transitional words in writing.B. The writing experience shared by famous successful write.C. Tips on how to make ten drafts to complete a good novel.D. Setbacks writers may suffer if ignoring the craft advice.Keys: 56-59 DBDCSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)The lives of the Ancient Greeks revolved(运转) around Eris, a concept by which they defined the universe. They believed that the world existed in a condition of opposites. If there was good, then there was evil；if there was love, then there was hatred; joy, then sorrow; war, then peace; andso on. The Greeks believed that good Eris occurred when one held a balanced outlook on life and coped with problems as they arose. It was a kind of ease of living that came from trying to bring together the great opposing forces in nature. Bad Eris was evident in the violent conditions that ruled men’s lives. Although these things were found in nature and sometimes could not be controlled, it was believed that bad Eris occurred when one ignored a problem, letting it grow larger until it destroyed not only that person, but his family as well. The Ancient Greeks saw Eris as a goddess: Eris, the Goddess of Discord, better known as Trouble.One myth that expresses this concept of bad Eris deals with the marriage of King Peleus and the river goddess Thetis. Zeus, the supreme ruler, learns that Thetis would bear a child strong enough to destroy its father. Not wanting to father his own ruin, Zeus convinces Thetis to marry a human, a mortal(凡人) whose child could never challenge the gods. He promises her, among other things, the greatest wedding in all of Heaven and Earth and allows the couple to invite whomever they please. This is one of the first mixed marriages of Greek Mythology and the lesson learned from it still applies today. They do invite everyone . . . except Eris, the Goddess of Discord. In other words, instead of facing the problems brought on by a mixed marriage, they turn their backs on them. They refused to deal directly with their problems and the result is tragic. In her fury(狂怒), Eris arrives, ruins the wedding, causes a jealous argument between the three major goddesses over a golden apple, and sets in place the conditions that lead to the Trojan War. The war would take place 20 years in the future, but it would result in the death of the only child of the bride and groom, Achilles. Eris would destroy the parents’ hopes for their future, leaving the couple with no legal heirs (继承人) to the throne.Hence, when we are told, “If you don’t invite trouble, trouble comes,” it means that if we don’t deal with our problems, our problems will deal with us . . . with a revenge! It is easy to see why the Greeks considered many of their myths learning myths, for this one teaches us the best way to defeat that which can destroy us.56. Bad Eris is defined in the passage as _______.A. the violent conditions of life.B. the problems man encounters.C. the evil goddess who has a golden apple.D. the murderer of generations.57. Zeus married Thetis off because _______.A. he needed to buy the loyalty of a great king of mankind.B. he feared the gods would create bad Eris by competing over her.C. he feared the Trojan War would be fought over her.D. he feared being a father of a boy who would kill him in the future.58. Zeus did not fear a child of King Peleus because _______.A. he knew that the child could not climb Mt. Olympus and manage to kill a god.B. he knew that the child would be killed in the Trojan War which would happen in 20 years.C. he knew t hat no matter how strong a mortal child was, he couldn’t overthrow an immortal god.D. he knew that Thetis would always love him above everyone else.59. What does the myth in the passage want to tell us?A. Do not consider a mixed marriage.B. Do not anger the gods.C. Do not ignore the problems that arise in life.D. Do not take myths seriously.Keys: 56-59 ADCCSection BDirections:Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or Unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A. B. C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Once again DC Comics and Warner Bros. have divided fans and critics over their latest superhero film.There had been worrying news about Justice League in the months before its release, with a lot of reshoots of scenes, a new director being brought in to finish the film after original director Zack Snyder’s tragic loss of his daughter and, of course, a lot of talk about Ben Affleck’s future in the role of Batman.Some people are saying that Justice League is another big disappointment, that it could havebeen incredible and instead fails to really entertain. Others say that Warner Bros, have finally got it right and that the future for the League looks bright. My opinion lies somewhere in the middle. The film was by no means a disappointment: it was exciting, funny and a lot of fun to watch. There’s something special about watching the heroes from your childhood brought to life on the big screen and maybe that is affecting my opinion.However, I will say that a lot of work needs to be done if the producer wants to make a great success. Although the film was good, it was obvious which scenes had been reshot and how the characters had been changed. I also have to mention the several scenes in which the special effects were very badly done; there are the kinds of problems that you don’t expect to see in a film with such a big budget.Another point to add is that it is good to see the producer making Superman slightly a brighter character and adding some jokes to the plot to keep things fun. But the producer must be careful not to make the mistake that another film producer---here, not mentioning the name---is coming very close to doing: turning all of the films into bright and colorful shows and losing a lot of seriously good stories.In the end, Justice League is not a perfect film but it is definitely not a terrible one. A lot of work is still to be done but I hope that DC does not completely lose its darker side.56. Before the release of Justice League, many people showed their ________.A. pity for the director, Zack SnyderB. concern about the film’s qualityC. higher expectation of the new directorD. support for the actor, Ben Affleck57. According to the author, what’s special about Justice League?A. It advocates social justice.B. It brings lots of fun to the audience.C. It has some brave heroes.D. It brings back childhood memories.58. In Paragraph 5 the author mainly wants to express his _________.A. views on the film’s weaknessB. advice to the film’s directorC. love for the filmD. expectation of the film’s sequels59. The author mentioned another film producer to ________.A. stress the importance of fun in a filmB. show Justice League’s lack of a ser ious plotC. serve as a warning to the producer of Justice LeagueD. set an example for the producer of Justice LeagueKeys: 56-59 BDBCSection BDirections:Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)I’m a student in my fourth year of a biomedical science degree at Robert Gordon University in Aberdeen, but I also work 38 hours a week at Sainsbury’s to make ends meet. I do three night shifts a week, plus overtime if I can get it. Monday is the most occupied day for me -- I work from 10 pm until 8 am on Saturday and Sunday nights, earning just over £100 a night, and then I have to be at my first lecture at 9 am on Monday. By the time I finish lectures, at 2 p m, I’m exhausted, but I know I have to be back at work by 10 pm.I constantly have to force myself to stay awake, and to be alert, whatever it takes. A packet of Skittles and a Red Bull usually helps. The work I do at Sainsbury’s is very physical like stac king shelves. I’m lucky because I’m an active person and the amount I lift at work is nothing compared with the weights I lift in the gym. I know I have the strength to bear it.I’m originally from Nigeria. I came here when I was seven, growing up in Croyd on, south London. Money was tight. My parents gave me everything I needed, but there was no money to spend on luxuries. I worked hard at school though and, with the help of GT Scholars, I got some of the best A-level grades in my class.Unfortunately, thou gh I had applied for “settled” British residential status when very young, the Home Office waited until I was in sixth form to approve my application. That meant I wasn’t eligible for a student loan. The only way I could afford to go to university was that if I got a job that would pay for all my living costs and my parents, who work in market research, paid for my tuition fees. In Scotland, that’s about £7,000 a year.I don’t have much time to socialize because of my job. Ideally, I would also like to havemore time to study so I can excel at my course. Yes, I have a lot on my plate, but working hard isn’t new to me. Growing up, my parents and my mentors in the church and at GT Scholars cultivated in me the importance of working hard for what I want in life.My dream is to do an MA in physiotherapy next year and then get a job working for the NHS. But right now, I’m just focused on trying to get the best grades I can. Whenever I find life hard, I tell myself this is about my future. I don’t need much, but I would like to worry less about money and have more free time. That is what I look forward to the most.56. Why does the author work long hours and sometimes overtime every week?A. To help his parents pay off the debts.B. To pay for his tuition fees.C. To prove his ability to earn money.D. To pay for his own living expenses.57. The underlined word “eligible” in the passage can be replaced by ________.A. responsibleB. qualifiedC. feasibleD. anxious58. According to the passage, which of the following words can NOT be used to describe the author?A. Sociable.B. Diligent.C. Ambitious.D. Persistent.59. Which of the following proverbs can best summarize the passage?A. A penny saved is a penny earned.B. Actions speak louder than words.C. God helps those who help themselves.D. Where there is life, there is hope.Keys: 56-59 DBACSection BDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.（A）I boarded a small plane together with my sister and 42 other passengers. While flying over the mountains, the plane encountered violent airflow. Losing control suddenly, it hit an unknownmountain peak. The impact of the crash claimed the lives of a few passengers immediately, leaving many injured including my sister.Adding a slight chance of being found out, we waited in the open, as opposed to waiting in the plane, even though it was freezing cold. At night, we slept side by side to keep ourselves warm and melted snow into water. We knew our fo od couldn’t last us long, sticking to the hope that we would be rescued soon.We knew from radio that the outside world was trying to look for the missing aircraft. However, the aircraft was white and blended in with the snow, making it impossible to be seen from the sky. Later, our hope was dead when we found out via our radio that the rescue effort ended.Now climbing over the mountains ourselves to search for help seemed to be our only chance of survival. Although the crash site was an awful place, with urine（尿）everywhere and smelling of death, I still wished to stay there. But my sister would give in to her injuries soon if we were not rescued. Thus, together with two other people, Canessa and Vizintin, I decided to walk through the icy wilderness for help. Carrying some food and water, the three climbers started our journey. If we had known anything about climbing, we would have realized that we were already finished. The mountain we were about to challenge was one with slopes so steep that it would scare away a team of expert climbers. Our ignorance provided our only chance.We endured exhaustion and starvation and we had reached the top.To our horror, we found nothing. Disappointed, we were about to give up hope when I spotted a valley at the base of the mountain and again we started making our way down the mountain.Eventually, at the bottom of the mountain we were helped by a local farmer who called the police for help. I then guided the rescue team via a helicopter to the crash site. Finally, after we had endured nineteen cruel days, the world found out that there were 16 survivors who had cheated death despite the odds.56. Why did they stay outside the plane?A. Because they didn’t want to stay with dead people inside.B. Because it’s easier to obtain melted snow for water.C. Because they hoped to be seen by the rescue people.D. Because other passengers were against staying inside.57. Why did the author leave the crash site despite his wish to stay?A. Because he could get help from two experienced climbers.B. Because his sister might die without timely medical help.C. Because the crash site was too terrible for him to stay in.D. Because he would like to be tested by the steep mountain slopes.58. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A. Rescue people didn’t notice the aircraft because of its color at the beginning.B. The public knew where the plane crashed from the radio.C. The author gave up the climb halfway due to disappointment.D. More than half of the plane passengers were finally rescued.59. The underlined sentence had cheated death despite the odds is closest in meaning to ________.A. had told lies about death in spite of realityB. had avoided death in spite of huge difficultiesC. had treated death with positive attitudeD. had almost died in spite of strange expectationKeys: 56-59 CBABSection BDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.（A）Flu is killing us. The usual response to the annual flu is not enough to fight against the risks we currently face, let alone prepare us for an even deadlier widespread flu that most experts agree will come in the future. Yes, we have an annual vaccine (疫苗), and everyone qualified should get。
2019上海高三英语一模听力
2019上海高三英语一模听力2019 Shanghai Senior High School English Listening TestIntroduction:The 2019 Shanghai Senior High School English Listening Test aims to evaluate students' listening skills and comprehension of spoken English. In this test, students will listen to a series of recordings and answer corresponding questions to demonstrate their ability to understand various English accents and contexts. This article provides an overview of the test format, strategies to improve listening skills, and tips for effective preparation.Test Format:The listening test consists of four parts, each of which presents different materials and requires different listening skills. The test is approximately 45 minutes long and includes various question types, such as multiple-choice, short-answer, completion, and matching exercises. It is important for students to familiarize themselves with these question types and practice answering them within the given time limit.Part 1 - Short Dialogues:In this section, students will listen to short dialogues between two people and answer multiple-choice questions. These dialogues usually involve everyday situations, such as ordering food at a restaurant or asking for directions. To excel in this section, students should focus on understandingthe key information, such as names, dates, locations, and specific details mentioned in the dialogues.Part 2 - Long Dialogues and Interviews:In Part 2, students will listen to longer conversations or interviews and answer questions related to the content. These dialogues often cover a wide range of topics, including news, academic discussions, and social issues. To perform well in this section, students should practice active listening by paying attention to the main ideas, supporting details, and the speaker's attitude or opinion.Part 3 - Monologues:In this section, students will listen to monologues, such as speeches, lectures, or presentations, and answer questions based on the content. The topics can vary from science and technology to history, art, or culture. To succeed in this part of the test, students should focus on understanding the main ideas, supporting examples, and the speaker's purpose or intention.Part 4 - News Broadcast:The final part of the test involves listening to a news broadcast and answering questions related to the news. The news reports cover current events, politics, economy, or other relevant topics. Students should listen for specific details, such as names, numbers, locations, and the sequence of events to answer the questions accurately.Strategies to Improve Listening Skills:To enhance listening skills and perform well in the listening test, students can employ various strategies, such as:1. Regular Listening Practice: Engage in daily listening activities, such as watching English movies, TV shows, or listening to English podcasts, songs, or news broadcasts. This will help students become familiar with different accents and improve their listening comprehension.2. Note-Taking: Develop the habit of taking notes while listening to lectures or presentations in class. This practice will not only aid in understanding the material but also develop effective note-taking skills, which can be useful during the listening test.3. Active Listening: Concentrate on listening attentively, focusing on key information, and understanding the context. This involves mentally summarizing the main points, predicting possible answers, and identifying the speaker's attitude or perspective.4. Vocabulary Expansion: Regularly learn and review new vocabulary related to different topics. Learning new words will enhance comprehension and enable students to understand a wider range of spoken English.Effective Preparation Tips:To prepare effectively for the listening test, students can follow these tips:1. Familiarize with the Format: Understand the structure of the listening test, review different question types, and become familiar with the instructions and time limits for each part.2. Practice Previous Year Exams: Solve previous year's listening tests to familiarize yourself with the types of questions and develop time-management skills. Analyze your mistakes and work on improving your weak areas.3. Use Authentic Listening Materials: Practice listening to authentic English materials, such as TED Talks, radio shows, or podcasts, to expose yourself to different accents, speeds, and topics.4. Time Management: During practice sessions, ensure that you allocate appropriate time for listening, answering the questions, and checking your answers. Develop a time management strategy to avoid rushing or leaving questions unanswered.Conclusion:The 2019 Shanghai Senior High School English Listening Test is designed to assess students' listening skills and comprehension of spoken English. By understanding the test format, applying effective strategies, and engaging in consistent practice, students can enhance their listening abilities and improve their performance in the test. Remember to practice regularly, concentrate on key information, and employ active listening techniques to achieve success in the listening section. Keep calm, stay focused, and give your best efforts to excel in this important examination.。
2019届上海市各区高三英语一模试卷题型分类专题汇编--选词填空--老师版(纯净word带答案已校对终结版)
Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Overcoming Obstacles: How Your Biggest Failure Can Lead to Your Success There’s been a lot written on the theme of failure and how essential it is to success. In a world where ___31___ is given for people’s accomplishments, failing feels dangerous. The fear of failure can stop people taking risks that might lead to success.Heidi Grant Halvorson, a psychologist, points out much of success is ___32___ not on talent but on learning from your mistakes.About half of the people in the world hold that ability in an area --- be it creative or social skill --- is natural. The other half believes, instead, that someone might have a preference or something --- say painting or speaking foreign languages --- but this ability can be improved through ___33___ practice or training.It’s almost impossible to think rationally (理性地) while shouting at yourself, “I’m a failure”. But when you ___34___ your thinking, you will probably see what you can control --- your behavior, your planning, your reactions --- and change them.The primary ___35___ between successful people and unsuccessful people is that the successful people fail more. If you see failure as a monster approaching you, take another look.Success is as scary as failure. Researchers report that satisfaction grows on challenges. Think about it --- a computer game you can always win is boring; one you can win ___36___, and with considerable effort, is fun. In pursuit of success, failure exposes areas that you need to ___37___. So the failure serves as a brick wall to test how you apply yourself to ___38___ your objectives and how much you want them.There is a way to distinguish whether a failure ___39___ you to double down or walk away, says Halvorson. If, when things get rough, you remain fascinated by your goal, you should keep going. If what you’re doing is costing you too much time and energy or it’s not bringing you joy,you should give a second thought to the ___40___ of your goal and even set a new one.Keys: 31-35 DEAHB 36-40 FCIJGSection BDirections：Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.The NileThe ancient Greek writer Herodotus once described Egypt-with some envy-as‘the gift of the Nile’. The Egyptians depend on the river for food, for water and for life. The Ancient Egyptians were able to control and use the Nile, creating the earliest irrigation systems and developing a prosperous ___31___.Snaking through the deserts, the Nile would flood almost ___32___ each year in June. Once the water subsided, a rich deposit of sand was left behind, making an excellent topsoil. Seeds were sown, yielding wheat, barley, beans, lentils and leeks. Drought could spell disaster for the Egyptians, so during the dry seasons, they dug basins and channels to deliver water to their land. They also devised simple channels to transfer water at the peak of the flood.An early system of ___33___ a Nilometer, was used to determine the size of the floods. Later, during the New Kingdom, a lifting system called a shaduf was used to raise water from the river--___34___ to the way in which a well is used today.The Egyptians took up some of the earliest trading missions. Without a(n) ___35___ system they exchanged goods, bringing back timber, precious stones, pottery, spices and animals. Their efforts in medicine were also ___36___ advanced: surgeons performed operations to remove cysts(囊肿). Mummification gave them great understanding of the human body-yet they also relied heavily on various medicines to prevent disease, and discoveries were often confused with superstition(迷信). And while a great deal of time was dedicated to ___37___ the Egyptians thought the stars were gods.By the 16th century Egypt was under the Ottoman Empire until Britain seized control in 1882. What is now mostly Arabic Egypt only won ___38___ from Britain after World War II. The Suez Canal, opened in 1869, __________the country as a center for world transportation. But it, and the completion of the Aswan High Dam in 1971 ___40___ the ecology of the Nile, which now struggles to satisfy the country’s rapidly growing population, currently more than 76 million-the largest in the Arab world.Keys: 31-35 GJABD 36-40 CEIHFSection BDirections:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Workforce of the FutureThe workplace is changing rapidly. Rather than the standard working day of nine to five, employees are working more flexibly to meet their busy home lives. Advances in technology are ___31___ the very nature of the tasks and skills required in the workplace.To gain a full perspective of how the workplace is set to change over the next decade, employee benefits provider Unum UK ___32___ with The Future Laboratory to survey 3,000 workers across several industries. They also interviewed industry experts and business leaders on topics from artificial intelligence and robotics to the increase of flexible working and an ageing workforce.The resulting outlines some of the employment changes that businesses can expect to see over the next decade and predicts the ___33___ of two worker cultures which will dominate the workforce. They are the obligated and the self-fulfilled worker.“O bligated workers” refer to people with dependents and the sandwich generation, ___34___ raising children with caring for elderly parents. Therefore, they value a career ___35___ to lifestages and events and financial security. Joel Defries, 33, father of one kid and partner at London Vodka said, “A flexible employer will allow me to have a long paternity leave(陪产假) and to value my family just as much as I value my job.”Self-fulfilled workers are committed to life-long learning and acquiring new skills rather than ___36___ to an employer. They actively look for personal development and want employee benefits that help them ___37___ both their personal and professional ambitions. They treat personal commitments and pursuits as ___38___ to professional commitments. Elly Kemp, 31, ___39___ a full-time employee, now working part-time in a cafe and also assisting with her grandmother’s care said, “My approach to work allows me the freedom to ___40___ my career at my own pace. I want my work to be fluid so I can change it when I want and to whatever makes me happy at the time.”Keys: 31-35 GABIE 36-40 KFJCDSection BDirections:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Aurora(极光):wonders or disturbancesCanada，February 2017: I stood in the snow on a frozen lake, watching as the sky twisted in front of me. Green bands of light ____31____ out in the darkness. Slowly the colors twisted and broke and reappeared elsewhere until, suddenly, a whole band flowed and pulsed across the sky, ____32____ with delicate yellow. pinks and purples. It was as dramatic as thunderstorm, yet calm.Gentle,yet ____33____, Most of all,it was a gift.This was my fifth aurora trip and the first time I had seen fast movements and bright colors.The calm green auroral displays that many people see are driven by a(n)_____34_____ stream of particles(微粒) from called the solar wind. But when the sun throws us extra hot fast particles, thisprocess goes overdrive-we get much more movement and colour, It is glorious! Aurora-spotters long for it.But for some, the wild movements of the heavens can have serious ____35____ Satellites’electronics are affected or damaged by incoming fast particles, ____36____ industries that rely on them. Flights may need to change course to avoid radio ____37____ around the poles, or to protect aircrew from enhanced radiation exposure. During a solar storm, aircrew may receive their annual radiation limit over a single flight.Stormy space weather affects us on the ground, too. A larger storm in 1989 caused a 10-hour electrical blackout over Canada's Quebec Province, costing the economy a(n) ____38____ C$10 billion. Disturbance of the atmosphere causes problems with radio broadcast and GPS. In September 2017,a huge solar fame ______39_____ just as Hurricane Fran hit the Caribbean. The resultant HF radio blackout held up the emergency response, Meanwhile, beautiful aurora displays were seen in England. Place its beauty aside, then, and the auroral ___40___is nothing other than a giant planetary disturbance, more of a worry than a wonder for some people. Yet seldom do such disturbances have such fascinating side effects as that of the aurora dancing across our Arctic skies.Keys: 31-35 JBAED 36-40 KCFGISection BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.The human body can tolerate only a small range of temperature, especially when the person is engaged in vigorous activity. Heat (31) _______ usually occur when large amounts of water and/or salt are lost through oversweating following exhausting exercise. When the body becomes overheated and cannot (32) _______ this overheatedness, heat exhaustion and heat stroke are possible.Heat exhaustion is generally (33) _______ by sweaty skin, tiredness, sickness, dizziness, plentiful sweating, and sometimes fainting, resulting from a(n) (34) _______ intake of water and the loss of fluids. First aid treatment for this condition includes having the victim lie down, (35) _______ the feet 8 to 12 inches, applying cool, wet cloths to the skin, and giving the victim sips of salt water (1 teaspoon per glass, half a glass every 15 minutes) over a 1-hour period.Heat stroke is much more serious; it is a(n) (36) _______ life-threatening situation. The characteristics of heat stroke are a high body temperature (which may reach 106° F or more); a rapid pulse; hot, dry skin; and a blocked sweating (37) _______. Victims of this condition may be unconscious, and first-aid measures should be (38) _______ at quickly cooling the body. The victim should be placed in a tub of cold water or (39) _______ sponged with cool water until his or her temperature is sufficiently lowered. Fans or air conditioners will also help with the cooling (40) _______. Care should be taken, however, not to over-chill the victim once the temperature is below 102° F.Keys: 31-35 FHIAG 36-40 JKEBCSection BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.They’re till kids, and although there’s a lot that the experts don’t yet know about them, one thing they do agree on is that what the kids use and expect from their world has changed rapidly. And it’s all because of technology.To the psychologists, sociologists, and media experts who study them, their digital devices set this new group ___31___ , even from their Millennial(千禧年的) elders, who are quite familiar with technology. They want to be constantly connected and available in a way even their older brothers and sisters don’t quite get. These differences may appear slight, but they ___32___ the appearance of a new generation.The ___33___ between Millennial elders and this younger group was so evident to psychologist Larry Rosen that he has ___34___the birth of a new generation in a new book, Rewired: Understanding the ingeneration and the Way They Learn, out next month. Rosen says the technically ___35___ life experience of those born since the early 1990s is so different from the Millennial elders he wrote about in his 2007 book, Me, MySpace and I: Parenting the Net Generation, that they distinguish themselves as a new generation, which he has given them the nickname of “ingeneration”.Rosen says portability is key. They are ___36___ from their wireless devices, which allow them to text as well as talk, so they can be constantly connected-even in class, where cell phones are ___37___ banned.Many researchers are trying to determine whether technology somehow causes the brains of young people to be wired differently. “They should be distracted and should perform more poorly than they do,” Rosen says. “But findings show teens ___38___ distractions much better than we would predict by their age and their brain development.”Because these kids are more devoted to technology at younger ages, Rosen says, the educational system has to change ___39___."The growth on the use of technology with children is rapid, and we run the risk of being out of step with this generation as far as how they learn and how they think, we have to give them options because they want their world ___40___.” Rosen says.Keys: 31-35 JEHAG 36-40 KIBFCSection BDirections:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Welcome to Windsor CastleWindsor Castle is the oldest and largest occupied castle in the world and the Official Residence of the Queen of Britain. Over a period of nearly 1,000 years it has been ___31___ continuously, and altered and redecorated by monarchs(君主)one after the other. Some were great builders, strengthening the Castle against ___32___ and rebellion; others, living in more peaceful times, created a grand Royal residence. William the Conqueror chose the site, high above the river Thames and on the edge of a Saxon hunting ground. It was a day’s march from the Tower of London and intended to guard the western ___33___ to the capital. The outer walls of today’s structure are in the same position as those of the ___34___ castle built by William the Conqueror in the 1070s.The Queen uses the Castle both as a private home, where she usually spends the weekend, and as a Royal residence at which she undertakes certain formal duties. Windsor Castle is ___35___ used by the Queen to host State Visits from overseas monarchs and presidents. Every year the Queen takes up official residence in Windsor Castle for a month over Easter (March-April).The Castle is huge, so people tend to head for the most ___36___ bits---the State Apartments, St. George’s Chapel, the Gallery and the delightful Queen Mary’s Dolls House. Works of art, antique furniture, curiosities and impressive architecture reflect the tastes of many different royal generations. The State Apartments are ___37___ decorated formal rooms still used for state and official functions.The magnificent and beautiful St. George’s Chapel was started in 1475 by Edward IV and was completed 50 years later by Henry VIII. It ___38___ among the finest examples of late medieval architecture in the UK.The Drawings Gallery ___39___ the exhibition “The Queen: 60 Photographs for 60 Years”. The exhibition presents portraits of the Queen ___40___ in brief moments on both official occasions and at relaxed family gatherings.Keys: 31-35 IAHBC 36-40 DFKEGSection BDirections:Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Artificial skin is a substitute for human skin produced in the laboratory, typically used to treat burns. Different types of artificial skin differ in their complexity, but all are designed to ___31___ at least some of the skin's basic functions, which include protecting against wetness and infection and regulating body heat.Skin is primarily made of two layers: the uppermost layer, the epidermis, which serves as a protection against the environment; and the dermis, the layer below the epidermis. The dermis also contains substances, which help to make the skin ___32___ and maintain its biological functions.Artificial skins close wounds, which prevents bacterial infection and water loss and in result the wounded skin can ___33___. For example, one commonly used artificial skin, Integra. functions as a support between cells that helps regulate cell behavior and causes a new dermis to form by promoting cell growth and collagen(股原质) ___34___. The Integra “dermis” is also biodegradable(可生物降解的). It is gradually absorbed and replaced by the new dermis.Aside from its uses in the clinical35, artificial skin may also be used to model human skin for research. For example, artificial skin is used as an alternative in animal testing. Such testing may cause ___36___ pain and discomfort to the animals and it does not ___37___ predict the response of human skin. Some companies like L’óreal have already used artificial skin to test many ___38___ ingredients and products. Other research applications include how skin is affected by UV exposure and how certain substances in sunscreen and medicines are transported through skin.Today new technology has been developed by growing ___39 ___ of skin taken from the patient or other humans. One major source is the foreskins of newborns. Such cells often do not stimulate the body’s immune system-a mechanism that allows babies to develop within their mother’s body-and hence are much less likely to be ___40___ by the patient's body.Keys: 31-35 FCEAI 36-40 KJGBDSection BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only beused once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Keys: 31-35 IEDCJ 36-40 AGKHFSection BDirections:Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.The Father of JD PrintingAbout twenty years ago, the surgeons at the Wilford Hull medical center working to separate a pair of conjoined(连体的) twins thought that only one would be able to walk after the operation. After a model of the girls’ bone structure was ____31____ using 3D printing, however, they found a shared upper leg bone to be bigger than expected and split it successfully, ____32_____ in both twins being able to walk. Now eighty and still working as chief technology officer of 3D Systems. Chuck Hull is enjoying some minor ____33____ 31 years after he first printed a small black eye-wash cup using a new method of manufacturing known as 3D printing.At the time, he was working for a company that used UV light to put thin layers of plastic coats on tabletops and ____34____. He had an idea that if he could place thousands of thin layers of plastic on top of each other and then cut their shape using light, he would be able to form three dimensional objects. After a year, he ____35____ a system where light was shone into a bottle of photopolymer – a material which changes from liquid to plastic-like solid when light shines on it –and traces the shape of one level of the object. Subsequent layers are then printed until it is ____36_____.After patenting the invention, he set up 3D Systems, ____37____ getting $6m (£3.5m) from a Canadian investor. The first ____38____ product came out in 1988 and proved a hit among car manufacturers, in the aerospace sector and for companies designing medical equipment. The possibilities appear endless – from home-printed food and medicine to ____39____ that pictures of objects be able to be taken in shops and then recreated using plans downloaded from the Internet Although deliberate in his responses, there is one moment when the ____40____ spoken Chuck Hull tells of his surprise about what exactly his creation was capable of achieving.Keys: 31-35 ADCBF 36-40 HGJEKSection BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Want to figure out if someone is a psychopath (精神变态者)? Ask them what their favourite song is. A New York University study last year found that people who loved Eminem’s Lose Yourself and Justin Bieber’s What Do You Mean? were more likely to ___31___ highly on the psychopathy scale than people who were into Dire Straits.Over the past few years, Spotify has been enhancing its data analytic ___32___ in an attempt to help marketers ___33___ consumers with adverts tailored to the mood they’re in. They infer this from the sort of music you’re listening to, ___34___with where and when you’re listening to it, along with third-party data that might be available.Now, to be clear, there’s nothi ng particularly ___35___ about what Spotify is doing with your data. I certainly don’t think that they are working with shadowy consulting firms to serve you ads promoting a culture war while you’re listening to the songs that ___36___ you might be in a casually racist mood. Nevertheless, I find it ___37___ that our personal private moments with music are increasingly being turned into data points and sold to advertisers.You can see where this could go, can’t you? As ad targeting gets ever more complicated, marketers will have the ability to target our emotions in ___38___ exploitative ways. According to one study, titled Misery Is Not Miserly, you are more likely to spend more on a ___39___ if you’re feeling sad. You can imagine some companies might take a dvantage of that. And on that note, I’m feeling a little down about all this. I’ll ___40___ off to treat myself to something expensive.Keys: 31-35 IHFAK 36-40 GDJECSection BDirections:Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.The ability of the herd mentality(从众心理) to increase people’s chances of liking or believing something may help explain a wide variety of phenomena. Aral (A managerial economist at the Massachusetts institute of technology) says, from housing ____31____ to gold prices and from political polls to restaurant reviews, the ____32____ that other people like something has a powerful ability to make people like it themselves.The new study ____33____ how simple it would be for companies to control reviews of their products by simply adding a few positive ____34____ of their own early reviews in the process, Aral adds.It found that effects were strongest when stories were about politics, business and cultures than for fun or lifestyle pieces. In situations where there are more ____35____ news reviews, you have to be a little more cautious about interpreting likes and dislikes.“Think twice before you trust, how many likes something has,” he adds. “That’s something you have to ____36____ with a grain of salt (持怀疑态度).” And it’s a situation many online users ____37____ on a daily basis.Aral recently went on Yelp website to review a restaurant with a plan to give it three out of five stars, but when he got to the ____38____, he was shown how other people describe the same place and those reviews include someone with five stars. Seeing those positive reviews made him think twice about his own ____39____ average opinion.“A woman ____40____ how great it is, how great her great prices are and how the lemon sauce is so great,” he says. “Maybe it’s not such a goo d idea to say some rating right before you make your own.”Keys: 31-35 GFIDC 36-40 ABKEJSection BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Dealing with Difficult RelationshipsEveryone has at least one awkward or ____31____ relationship. It may be with somebody who will ____32____ your energy whenever you are with them. Or worse, it could be someone who always cuts you down. This person may be a family member or even a friend. No matter who it is, it’s nece ssary that you learn to set boundaries for yourself. Otherwise this kind of relationship can chip away at your self-esteem.Setting boundaries for difficult relationships starts by ____33____ how you are affected by the relationship. Do they bring you clos er to your goals or pull you farther away? For example, it’s time to study for tomorrow’s test. But your friend wants to take you to a party. Here, setting boundaries will help protect your ____34____ goals.Next, decide how much time you should spend with these people. It’s easy to overcommit yourself. But it’s difficult to help others if you forget to protect your own ____35____.How do you know if a relationship is unhealthy, and it’s time to set boundaries? Here are a few practical questions to ask yourself.1. How does this relationship affect me?Every ____36____ can affect you positively or negatively. For example, someone whopressures you to something you’re not comfortable doing will ____37____ you out. But a friend who considers how you feel will respect your ____38____ to try something new.2. Why am I in this relationship in the first place?People may try to keep you in an unhealthy relationship. By ____39____ you it’s your obligation or duty, you forget about your own needs. Sadly, by remaining ____40____ to these people, you forget who you are. You allow them to take advantage of you or even belittle you.Settling boundaries requires taking a long, honest look at yourself. By saying “no” to harmful patterns in relationships, you say “yes” to a healthier you.Keys: 31-35 JHEGC 36-40 FIAKBSection BDirections:Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Is climate change consuming your favorite foods?Coffee: Whether or not you try to limit yourself to one cup of coffee a day, the effects of climate change on the world’s coffee-growing regions may leave you little choice. Coffee plantations in South America, Africa, Asia and Hawaii are all being threatened by rising air temperatures and unstable rainfall patterns, which invite disease and ____32____ species to live on the coffee plant and ripening beans. The result? Significant cuts in coffee yield and less coffee in your cup. It is estimated that, if current climate patterns continue, half of the areas ____33____ suitable for coffee production won't be by the year 2050.Tea: When it comes to tea, warmer climates and erratic precipitation aren’t only ____34____ the world’s tea-growing regions, they’re also messing with its distinct flavor. For example, in India, researchers have already discovered that the Indian Monsoon has brought more intense rainfall, making tea flavor weaker. Recent research coming out of the University of Southampton suggests that tea-producing areas in some places, ____35____ East Africa, could decline by as much as 55 percent by 2050 as precipitation and temperatures change. Tea pickers are also feeling the ____36____ of climate change. During harvest season, increased air temperatures are creating an increased risk of heatstroke for field workers.Seafood: Climate change is affecting the world's aquaculture as much as its agriculture. As air temperatures rise, oceans and waterways absorb some of the heat and ____37____ warming of their own. The result is a decline in fish population, including in lobsters (who are cold-blooded creatures), and salmon (whose eggs find it hard to survive in higher water temps). Warmer waters also _____38_____ toxic marine bacteria, like Vibrio, to grow and cause illness in humans whenever ingested with raw seafood, like oysters or sashimi.And that ____39_____ “crack” you get when eating crab and lobster? It could be silenced as shellfish struggle to build their calcium(碳) carbonate shells, a result of ocean acidification(absorb carbon dioxide from the air). According to a study, scientists predicted that if over-fishing and rising temperature trends continued at their present rate, the world's seafood ____40___ would run out by the year 2050.Keys: 31-35 DJCAI 36-40 KBGEHSection BDirections:Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Getting help with parenting makes a difference -- at any age New Oxford University study finds that parenting interventions(育儿干预) for helping children with behavior problems are just as effective in school age, as in younger children.There is a dominant view among scientists and policy-makers. They believes, for the greatest effect, interventions need to be ___31___ early in life, when children’s brain function and behavior are thought to be more flexible. However, according to the new research, it’s time to stop focusing on when we intervene with parenting, and just continue helping children in need of all ages.Just published in Child Development, the study is one of the first to ___32___ this age assumption. Parenting interventions are a common and effective tool for reducing child behavior problems, but studies of age effects have produced different results until now.A team led by Professor Frances Fardner ___33___ data from over 15,000 families from all over the world, and found no evidence that earlier is better. Older children benefited just as much as younger ones from parenting interventions for reducing behavior problems. There was no evidence that earlier interventions are more powerful. This was based on ___34___ data from more than 150 different experiments.What’s more, their economic analysis found that interventions with older children were。
2019年上海市金山区高考英语一模试卷
2019年上海市金山区高考英语一模试卷Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections：In Section A，you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation，a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it，read the four possible answers on your paper，and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1．（1分）A．200．B．300．C．400．D．600．2．（1分）A．At a bus stop．B．At home．C．At the airport．D．At a supermarket．3．（1分）A．Manager and employee．B．Teacher and student．C．Husband and wife．D．Brother and sister．4．（1分）A．He went to a picture show．B．He painted some pictures．C．He watched a football match on TV．D．He went out to play football．5．（1分）A．The mouse．B．The price．C．The monitor．D．The keyboard．6．（1分）A．The man shouldn't be so anxious．B．She's already an hour late．C．The man shouldn't wait to be interviewed．D．She's too nervous to calm down．7．（1分）A．It is his favorite book．B．It is not worth reading．C．It is not the one he likes．D．It is better than he expected．8．（1分）A．Business is not necessarily good at the turn of the year．B．Business is always good at the end of the year．C．Businessmen are the busiest people at the end of the year．D．There will be many cases at the end of the year．9．（1分）A．She didn't like it at all．B．She thought it was very easy．C．She thought it was too hard for her to follow．D．She thought the instructor was very good．10．（1分）A．They will make a phone call to Dr．Smith tomorrow．B．They can put down the clock because it is always slow．C．Dr．Smith was late for the call．D．They can call on Dr．Smith tomorrow．Section BDirections：In Section B，you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation，and you will be asked several questions on each of the conversation and the passages. The conversation and the passages will be read twice，but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question，read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.11．（4.5分）（1）A．The impact of painful memories．B．New research on a pill and the argument about it．C．A way of wiping out painful memories．D．A proper method for changing memories．（2）A．It can cause the brain to fix memories．B．It can stop people remembering bad experiences．C．It can prevent the body producing certain chemicals．D．It can wipe out the emotional effects of memories．（3）A．Experts are not sure about the effects of the pill．B．The pill will certainly stop people's emotional memories．C．Taking the pill will do harm to people's physical health．D．The pill has already been produced and used by the American public．12．（4.5分）（1）A．Wearing high heels can improve women's balance．B．Wearing high heels exposes women to strains．C．Wearing high heels can result in back pain．D．Wearing high heels can lead to unhealthy walking patterns．（2）A．They should choose proper heels．B．They should exercise their ankle muscles properly．C．They should measure the strength of their ankles frequently．D．They should give up the habit of wearing high heels．（3）A．Because they thought it was fashionable．B．Because it was a symbol of status．C．Because it could help them to shoot their bow and arrow more effectively．D．Because it was required by European emperors．13．（6分）（1）A．Believing in themselves．B．Writing a book．C．Challenging their life．D．Asking for help．（2）A．She makes children's programs．B．She gets involved in legal decisions．C．She simplifies a judge's job．D．She explains the function of the law in simple words．（3）A．Sharing things with others．B．Solving problems．C．Talking with others．D．Having her opinions heard．（4）A． A judge's reflection on her job and life．B．The success of a children's program．C．The importance of law in daily life．D．The problems people meet in court．Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections：After reading the passage below，fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word，fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word；for the other blanks，use one word that best fits each blank.14．（10分）However depressed you may be feeling now，if you look back，there certainly will have been events that made you happy﹣maybe the time （1）you bought your first bicycle or you were awarded a scholarship．When good things happen，we feel excited，proud and happy．But the problem is，happiness doesn't usually last．The excitement of that first bicycle purchase wears off，and the pride in the scholarship gives way to the stress of performing （2）（well）on the next exam．Psychologists call this phenomenon hedonic adaptation （享乐适应症）﹣that is，（3）good something makes us feel，most of the time we drift back to （4）we started．An often （5）（quote）example is that lottery winners are no happier than non﹣winners eighteen months after their win．But don't despair．It is possible to make happiness last．Psychologists have found two anti﹣adaptation tools that are effective in sustaining happiness：variety and appreciation．Variety is，as we all know，the spice of life．But it's also a useful weapon （6）adaptation．Positive changes that （7）（experience）in a variety of ways are more likely to lead to lasting happiness．For example，you will feel happier about your volunteer work （8）you are able to cope with new tasks every week．The second tool，appreciation，is in many ways the opposite of adaptation．It's about focusing on something，instead of letting it fade into the background．It is only when you appreciate something （9）an enduring feeling of happiness will follow．Human beings spend a lot of time figuring out what makes them happy，but not enough time （10）（try）to hang on to the happiness they already have．This is like focusing all your energy on making more money，without giving any thought to what you will do with the money．The key to happiness is to not only look for new opportunities but also to makethe most of the ones you've been given．Section BDirections：Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.15．（10分）Want to figure out if someone is a psychopath （精神变态者）？Ask them what their favourite song is．A New York University study last year found that people who loved Eminem's Lose Yourself and Justin Bieber's What Do You Mean？were more likely to （1）highly on the psychopathy scale than people who were into Dire Straits．Over the past few years，Spotify has been enhancing its data analytic （2）in an attempt to help marketers （3）consumers with adverts tailored to the mood they're in．They infer this from the sort of music you're listening to，（4）with where and when you're listening to it，along with third﹣party data that might be available．Now，to be clear，there's nothing particularly （5）about what Spotify is doing with your data．I certainly don't think that they are working with shadowy consulting firms to serve you ads promoting a culture war while you're listening to the songs that （6）you might be in a casually racist mood．Nevertheless，I find it （7）that our personal private moments with music are increasingly being turned into data points and sold to advertisers．You can see where this could go，can't you？As ad targeting gets ever more complicated，marketers will have the ability to target our emotions in （8）exploitative ways．According to one study，titled Misery Is Not Miserly，you are more likely to spend more on a （9）if you're feeling sad．You can imagine some companies might take advantage of that．And on that note，I'm feeling a little down about all this．I'll （10）off to treat myself to something expensive．Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections：For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A，B，C and D. Fill in each blank with the word orphrase that best fits the context.16．（15分）The constant working engine that drives the majority of human action is，undoubtedly，the fragrant dream of individualism．And while the presence of its scent is （1）throughout the world entirely，its value is worshipped （敬奉）to such an extent in a land no other than that of America．As the framework of its history，America holds individuality as the ever﹣popular green light，the essence of which becomes the symbol of hope for，well，almost everything．In fact，in America's current social status，individuality has become something of a birthright，and a （2）applied upon the face of the media，where it was （3）valued as the American dream．There is no denying the popularity of this idol in American society，and little hope for （4）it．However，（5）most pride themselves in their individualistic state，perhaps humans，when stripped （剥）to their core （核心），are everything but．It is no new discovery that people are the sum of their experiences．The overwhelming majority of human experiences involve other humans，along with the （6）and relationships between them．It is a （7）occurrence when a life is built upon events without this stimulus．Indeed，interaction is the core of experience．Therefore，in order that humans are the sum of their experiences，they must be the sum of the people that they meet，just as well．As an Americanized teen，I found the discovery that not only my self﹣entitled individualism was （8），but that I，as a being，was a product，increasingly unsettling to accept．Questions （9）me such as "If I am bits and pieces of everyoneI have met ﹣my family，my teachers，all of my friends，and even strangers ﹣then whatis left that is just me？What part of me is just me？How much of myself is the combining of different parts of different people？Is such a （10）between myself and others even possible？"Such are inquiries that will continue to be thought about，as I have come to accept that they will remain a （11）．Therefore，with the allowance of these questions，the response must be a （12）in the definition of "oneself"．The previously mentioned questions no longer concern me，as I have put a stop to the idea that the "real" me is some lostisolated island on top of an ocean of influence．I realized that my personality cannot depend on a（n）（13）between influenceand individualism，as such is a line that cannot be distinct．（14），I must be a person whose calmness is a beautifully hazy mixture，and a steady question．Thus，it is the commonly unnoticed durable mystery that is the frustration of those who can （15）the lie of individualism．Hopefully，they will come into acceptance．（1）A．unpredictable B．untrustworthy C．unreliable D．undeniable （2）A．necessity B．characteristic C．mark D．model（3）A．later B．previously C．extremely D．publicly（4）A．destroying B．appreciating C．chasing D．escaping（5）A．though B．if C．since D．as（6）A．conflict B．tension C．interaction D．cooperation （7）A．common B．rare C．frequent D．strange（8）A．right B．justified C．unclear D．false（9）A．affected B．interrupted C．bothered D．surprised（10）A．separation B．combination C．contrast D．communication （11）A．secret B．mystery C．truth D．fantasy（12）A．gap B．belief C．factor D．change（13）A．distinction B．connection C．exchange D．medium（14）A．Therefore B．However C．Instead D．Furthermore （15）A．break up B．make up C．cope with D．see through Section BDirections：Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A，B，C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.17．（8分）Charity Cycling UK recently launched a campaign to raise awareness of dooring after discovering that many people don't know what it is．Dooring is when a driver orpassenger opens the door into another road user﹣typically cyclist﹣without looking for other road users．Cycling UK chief executive Paul Tuohy told Gloucestershire Live："Some people seem to see car dooring as a bit of a joke，but it's not and can have serious consequences．Cycling UK wants to see great awareness made about the dangers of opening your car door carelessly，and people to be encouraged to look before they open．"The charity says 2，009 of the 3，000 injuries were sustained by cyclists，resulting in five fatalities but says this might not be the full extent of the danger．Cycling UK says not all car dooring incidents will be attended by police，so the charity has written to transport minister Jesse Norman calling for a public awareness campaign urging all car occupants，not just drivers，to look before opening vehicle doors．One of the ways the charity suggests is the "Dutch reach"，where people leaving a vehicle reach over and use the non﹣door side hand to open the door．Cycling UK also suggests harsher laws and advice on safer road positioning for people who cycle．Mr．Tuohy said："In the Netherlands they are known for practicing a method，known sometimes as the ‘Dutch reach'，which we think could be successfully encouraged in the UK．""Cycling UK has written to the Department for Transport asking them to look into this，and highlight the dangers of ‘car dooring' through a public awareness THINK style campaign．"If you're really concerned about opening a door into the path of a cyclist coming behind you，consider using what's known as the "Dutch reach" to open the door．That will naturally turn you in your seat and give you a much better view of what's coming up alongside in the car．（1）Why does the author mention the figures in Paragraph 3？A．To cause public concern．B．To report the terrible accidents．C．To show the danger of car dooring．D．To stress the importance of traffic safety．（2）While doing the "Dutch reach"，you should．A．sit still in your seatB．open the car door politelyC．use the inside hand to open the doorD．use the left hand to open the car door（3）What can be learned from the text？A．Many people are ignorant of car dooring．B．The "Dutch reach" is well received in England．C．Dooring incidents are all attended by police．D．Drivers are to blame for dooring incidents．（4）What's the author's attitude towards car dooring？A．Negative．B．Ridiculous．C．Neutral．D．Concerned18．（6分）Confucius InstituteThe Confucius Institute at the University of Minnesota offers several short classes on Chinese language and culture．★Class FeesThe cost of classes is 225（170 for Chinese Rehab）★Class CalendarThe Confucius Institute follows the University of Minnesota semester schedule．The Confucius Institute classes start a few weeks after the start of the University semester and last for ten class sessions．Classes are not held on University holidays．The upcoming class sessions will be：Spring 2018：February 1﹣April 7Summer 2018：June 13﹣August 25Tentative class calendar：The schedule may change due to teacher availability．★Class CancellationsAny class not meeting minimum enrollment by four business days before the class start date will be cancelled and you will be contacted．If we must cancel a class due to insufficient enrollment or any other circumstance beyond our control，we will offer a full refund or issue credit towards another class．★Contact InformationThe Confucius Institute is located within the University International Center on the east bank of the Twin Cities campus．The University International Center is located in the Keeler Apartment building．Enter at the corner of 17th Avenue S．E．and 4th Street through the doors located near the "University International Center" sign．Office hoursThe office is generally open Monday through Friday，from 8：00 a．m．until 4：30 p．m．The office is closed daily from12：00 noon until 1：00 p．m．and is closed on all University holidays．Office Address160 University International Center，331﹣17th Ave．S．E．，Minneapolis，MN 55414 Phone：612625﹣5080Fax：612﹣625﹣5158Email：confucius（@ umn．edu（1）Chinese Rehab．A．costs more moneyB．is held on MondayC．lasts one and a half hoursD．has four classes a week（2）To get information about the classes，you can visit the office．A．on Monday noonB．at 12：30 a．m．，TuesdayC．on Wednesday eveningD．at 1：30 p．m．，Friday（3）What is True about the classes？A．The schedule may be changeable．B．They can be one﹣to﹣one instruction．C．They are held on University holidays．D．They start at the beginning of the University semester．19．（8分）Parallel worlds exist and interact with our world，say physicists．Quantum mechanics （量子力学），though firmly tested，is so weird and anti﹣intuitivethat physicist Richard Feynman once remarked，"I think I can safely say nobody understands quantum mechanics．" Attempts to explain some of the bizarre （奇异的）consequences of quantum theory have led to some mind﹣bending ideas，such as the Copenhagen interpretation and the many﹣worlds interpretation．Now there's a new theory on the block，called the "many interacting worlds" hypothesis （假设）（MIW），and the idea is just as profound as it sounds．The theory suggests not only parallel worlds exist，but that they interact with our world on the quantum level and are thus detectable．Though still speculative （推测的），the theory may help to finally explain some of the bizarre consequences inherent in quantum mechanics．The theory is a spinoff of the many﹣worlds interpretation in quantum mechanics﹣an assumption that all possible alternative histories and futures are real，each representing an actual，though parallel，world．One problem with the many﹣worlds interpretation，however，has been that it is fundamentally untestable，since observations can only be made in our world．Happenings in these proposed "parallel" worlds can thus only be imagined．MIW，however，says otherwise．It suggests that parallel worlds can interact on the quantum level，and in fact that they do．"The idea of parallel universes in quantum mechanics has been around since 1957，" explained Howard Wiseman，a physicist at Griffith University in Brisbane，Australia，and one of the physicists to come up with MIW．"In the well﹣known ‘Many﹣Worlds Interpretation'，each universe branches into a bunch of new universes every time a quantum measurement is made．All possibilities are therefore realized ﹣in some universes the dinosaur﹣killing asteroid （小行星）missed Earth．In others，Australia was colonized by the Portuguese．""But critics question the reality of these other universes，since they do not influence our universe at all，" he added．"On this score，our ‘Many Interacting Worlds' approach is completely different，as its name implies．"Wiseman and colleagues have proposed that there exists "a universal force of repulsion between ‘nearby'（i．e．similar）worlds，which tends to make them more dissimilar．" Quantum effects can be explained by factoring in this force，they propose．When asked about whether their theory might imply that humans could someday interactwith other worlds，Wiseman said："It's not part of our theory．But the idea of human interactions with other universes is no longer pure fantasy．"What might your life look like if you made different choices？Maybe one day you'll be able to look into one of these alternative worlds and find out．（1）According to Paragraph 1﹣2，which of the following statements is true about quantum mechanics？A．It's been tested that no one in the world knows what quantum mechanics is．B．The theory of quantum mechanics is intuition（直觉）based．C．Quantum theories should be interpreted in many different ways．D．Quantum mechanics is valid and based on profound research．（2）According to paragraph 3﹣5，the new theory "MIW" differs from the previous one in that．A．MIW develops from quantum mechanicsB．MIW suggests the interaction can be detectedC．The previous one is based on profound foundationD．The previous one proves that MIW is imagined（3）According to the passage，critics of parallel universes and its supporters mainly disagrees in．A．the origin of these parallel universesB．the foundation of these universesC．the reality of these other universesD．the ways of how these parallel universes interact（4）The last sentence of the last paragraph implies that．A．someday humans may live in different universes in one lifetimeB．humans may make different choices simultaneously （同时地）and live in different universesC．humans may live again from the beginning if they regret their life in this universeD．life would be more unexpected，but all you expect may be true in other universes Section CDirections：Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentencegiven in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.20．（8分）Shanghai Hengyuanxiang Drama Development Company and Netherlander Worldwide Entertainment signed a deal last November that would see Shimmer （《犹太人在上海》）become the first Chinese musical to have an open﹣ended run on Broadway in 2019．（1）Directed by Xu Jun，Shimmer is a musical in both English and Chinese．Shimmer，which tells a story about Jews who fled to Shanghai to escape Nazi persecution （迫害）during World War II，was first shown at the Shanghai Culture Square in 2015．（2）The musical's scheduled open﹣ended run in 2019 will be one of the events to celebrate the 40th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and the United States．With this play being shown on Broadway，the ties between Chinese people and Americans will be firmly strengthened．And through this drama，the audience can feel the charm of Chinese culture．（3）To deal with the problem，many production companies in Shanghai have pointed out that they should keep striving for improvement by creating more Chinese musicals and by creating more audiences．Currently，those who watch Western musicals in China are limited to a small group ﹣people who have received a university education or have had overseas working experiences，white﹣collar and even gold﹣collar workers．There are onlya handful of people who understand foreign languages and you have to find a way to motivatethe public and get them into the theater．（4）There has been a handful of successful musical stories in Shanghai．The Chinese editions of Broadway musicals Cats and Mamma Mia，both of which had hundreds of shows across China，are among the top box office hits．Summary Writing21．（10分）Directions：Read the following passage．Summarize the main idea and the main point（s）of the passage in no more than 60 words．Use your own words as far as possible．Gossip"Did you hear what happened to Adam Last Friday？" Lindsey whispers to Tori．With her eyes shining，Tori brags，"You bet I did，Sean told me two days ago．"Lindsey and Tori aren't very different from most students here at Linton High School，including me．Many of our conversations are gossip and I have noticed the effects of gossip．An important negative effect of gossip is that it can hurt the person being talked about．Usually，gossip spreads information about a topic﹣breakups，trouble at home﹣thata person would rather keep secret．The more embarrassing the secret is，the juicier the gossipit makes．Probably the worst type of gossip is the absolute lie．People often think of gossipers as harmless，but cruel lies can cause pain．If we know that gossip can be harmful，then why do so many of us do it？The answer lies in another effect of gossip：the satisfaction it gives us．Sharing the latest rumor can makea person feel important because he or she knows something that others don't．Similarly，hearing the latest rumor can make a person feel like part of the "in group"．In other words，gossip is satisfying because it gives people a sense of belonging or even superiority．Gossip also can have a third effect：it strengthens unwritten rules about how people should act．Professor David Wilson explains that gossip is important in policing behaviors in a group．For instance，if everybody you hang around with is laughing at what John wore or what Jane said，then you can bet that wearing or saying something similar will get you the same kind of negative attention．The do's and don'ts conveyed through gossip will never show up in any student handbook．The effects of gossip vary depending on the situation．The next time you feel the urge to spread the latest news，think about why you want to gossip and what effects your "juicy story"might have．TranslationDirections：Translate the following sentences into English，using the words given in the brackets.22．（3分）新来的员工经验不足，在解决顾客投诉时遇到了麻烦．（have trouble）23．（3分）医生向病人保证，只要他按时服药就没有大碍．（assure）24．（4分）尽管日程安排很紧，他还是报名参加了他同事推荐的那个课程．（despite）25．（5分）直到妻子与他离了婚，他才意识到他应该多抽一些时间陪伴家人，而不是一心只有工作．（until）Guided Writing26．（20分）Directions：Write an English composition in 120﹣150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese．目前中国的移动支付（mobile payment）非常盛行，越来越多的年轻人选择使用移动支付，有的人认为移动支付给人们带来了便利，而有些人认为这种方式存在安全隐患．请你谈谈对这一现象的看法．内容包括：1．简要描述你或你身边的人在日常生活中使用移动支付的现象．2．通过与传统方式的比较，谈谈移动支付给人们带来的利与弊．（参考词汇：微信Wechat；支付宝：Alipay；二维码QR code）2019年上海市金山区高考英语一模试卷参考答案与试题解析Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections：In Section A，you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation，a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it，read the four possible answers on your paper，and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1．（1分）A．200．B．300．C．400．D．600．【考点】15：短对话理解．【分析】略【解答】C【点评】略2．（1分）A．At a bus stop．B．At home．C．At the airport．D．At a supermarket．【考点】15：短对话理解．【分析】略【解答】C【点评】略3．（1分）A．Manager and employee．B．Teacher and student．C．Husband and wife．D．Brother and sister．【考点】15：短对话理解．【分析】略【解答】B【点评】略4．（1分）A．He went to a picture show．B．He painted some pictures．C．He watched a football match on TV．D．He went out to play football．【考点】15：短对话理解．【分析】略【解答】C【点评】略5．（1分）A．The mouse．B．The price．C．The monitor．D．The keyboard．【考点】15：短对话理解．【分析】略【解答】B【点评】略6．（1分）A．The man shouldn't be so anxious．B．She's already an hour late．C．The man shouldn't wait to be interviewed．D．She's too nervous to calm down．【考点】15：短对话理解．【分析】略【解答】D【点评】略7．（1分）A．It is his favorite book．B．It is not worth reading．C．It is not the one he likes．D．It is better than he expected．【考点】15：短对话理解．【分析】略【解答】C【点评】略8．（1分）A．Business is not necessarily good at the turn of the year．B．Business is always good at the end of the year．C．Businessmen are the busiest people at the end of the year．D．There will be many cases at the end of the year．【考点】15：短对话理解．【分析】略【解答】A【点评】略9．（1分）A．She didn't like it at all．B．She thought it was very easy．C．She thought it was too hard for her to follow．D．She thought the instructor was very good．【考点】15：短对话理解．【分析】略【解答】B【点评】略10．（1分）A．They will make a phone call to Dr．Smith tomorrow．B．They can put down the clock because it is always slow．C．Dr．Smith was late for the call．D．They can call on Dr．Smith tomorrow．【考点】15：短对话理解．【分析】略【解答】A【点评】略Section BDirections：In Section B，you will hear two short passages and one longer。
2019届上海市各区高三英语一模试卷题型分类专题汇编--摘要写作--学生版(纯净word已校对终结版)
IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main points of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Curiosity Is an Increasingly Rare VirtueMost of the breakthrough discoveries and remarkable inventions throughout history, from flints (打火石) for starting a fire to self-driving cars, have something in common: They are the result of curiosity. But the journalist Ian Leslie, in his newly-published book Curious: The Desire to Know and Why Your Future Depends on It, insists that curiosity is a much overlooked human virtue, crucial to our success, and we are losing it.Leslie presents considerable evidence for the claim that the society as a whole is growing less curious. In the U.S. and Europe, for example, the rise of the Internet, among other social and technological changes, has led to a declining consumption of news from outside the rea der’s borders. Indeed, Google, for which Leslie expresses admiration, is also his frequent whipping boy (替罪羊): we seek only the information we want. But not everything is to be blamed on technology. The decline in interest in literary fiction is also one of the causes identified by Leslie.Why is this a problem? Because without curiosity we will lose the spirit of innovation and entrepreneurship(企业家精神). Worse still, that lack of curiosity produces a relative lack of knowledge, and the lack of knowledge is difficult if not impossible to compensate for later on.Fortunately, some strategies can be employed to develop curiosity: If you just accept the world as it is without trying to dig deeper, you will certainly lose the ‘holy curiosity’. Of course, one effective way to dig deeper beneath the surface is asking questions: What is that? Why is it made that way? Who invented it? How does it work? ...And if you see learning as a burden, there’s no way you will want to dig deeper into anything. That will just make the burden heavier. But if you think of learning as something fun, you will naturally want to dig deeper.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main points of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Sport TourismTourism is the world’s largest industry and is predicted to grow well into the years to come. Increasingly, the economic importance of tourism has been recognized by governments around the world. At the same time, the tourism industry has become more complicated in its development and marketing new forms of tourism. One of the fastest growing parts of the tourism industry is travel related to sport and physical activity. A recent survey found that while the traditional beach and sight-seeing vacations continue to predominate, 22% of those surveyed reported that opportunities to participate in sports were important when selecting a vacation.The term sport tourism has been adopted in recent years to describe sport-related leisure travel. It is generally recognized that three are three broad categories of sport tourism. The first category. Watching sporting events or Sports Event Tourism includes hallmark events such as FIFA World Cup Football Championships, and the Olympic games. Tournament sponsored by the Professional Golf Association or the World Tennis Association are also part of the spectator-centered sector of sport tourism.The second type of sport tourism, celebrity and nostalgia sport tourism involves visiting famous sports-related attractions. Visits of the sports halls of fame fall into this category. Another form of celebrity and nostalgia sport tourism that has emerged in recent years is meeting famous sports personalities. The cruise industry has been experienced in this area. Sports theme cruise such as “the NBA basketball cruise” arrange for passengers to meet personalities from sports while on board.Active participation is the third category of sports tourism. This is composed of individuals who travel to participate in golf, skiing, and tennis in particular, although other sports such as fishing, and scuba diving are popular in the US.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main points of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Online Pharmacy (药店): A Foreseeable TrendOnline pharmacies may replace corner drugstores in the future, which would be of benefit to all of us. Sadly, current Federal Drug Administration (FDA) restrictions prevent many Americans from gaining access to the medicines they require online. Fortunately, online pharmacies offer these drugs and provide patients with more treatment options at lower prices. Those calling for the restrictions are wrong. Online pharmacies are crucial to numerous people.While some drugs sold online aren’t FDA-approved, customers shouldn’t be prevented from buying them. Many of the herbal remedy (草药) online pharmacies offer have been used for hundreds of years, especially in Asian countries, and they have strong safety records. Other medicines may come from foreign countries, but they aren’t harming the peopl e who use them in their own countries. Take depression pills as an example. It has been used safely for many years in France and other European countries, yet it’s just now being tested in the U.S.Nowadays, just getting in to see a doctor seems to take forever, not to mention the time and money to get tests done and await the results. Thanks to the Internet, customers now know more about available medicines than ever before and are therefore able to take them without having to consult a doctor. The Internet, after all, is filled with information about all kinds of drugs. Much of it has even been written by doctors and pharmaceutical companies themselves.Another issue to consider is money. Health care costs in America are rising every year, and pharmaceutical companies are making billions. Online pharmacies typically sell their drugs atlower prices than hospital pharmacies and corner drugstores. Consumers shouldn’t be blamed for seeking cheaper alternatives and refusing to line the pockets of already wealthy companies and stores.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main points of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Take care of your spine (脊柱)The spine stands at the center of your health, providing your body with structure and support. It also contains your spinal cord, a massive collection of nerves conveying electric signals from the rest of your body to your brain. Since your spine is so central to your health, it’s important to look after it.Maintaining good posture (姿势) is one of the most important things you can do to keep your spine healthy. Proper posture means standing or sitting while keeping your spine straight, except for its natural curves. Posture comes into play even when you’re asleep. Sleeping on your side puts less stress on your spine than most other positions. Staying still for too long—even if your posture is good—can be hard on your back. Especially if you work at a desk most of the day, it’s important to get up and stretch periodically.Exercise is also an important factor in the health of your spine. Stretch can help the muscles around your spine relax and allow bones to shift into better arrangement. Strength exercises like pushups can also help by strengthening the muscles around your spine. However, don’t overdo the exercise, as repeated motions can stain the muscles around your spine.Finally, your diet affects the health of your spine because many vitamins are necessary for bones and nerves. In particular, B vitamins and omega-3 fatty acids help keep nerves healthy, so you may want to consider taking a supplement. Another important factor is vitamin D, which is essential for strong bones. Vitamin D can come from some foods, but it’s also absorbed from sunlight, so it may help to do some of those back exercises outside.Many of the actions necessary to keep your spine healthy are identical to those used to preserve your health in other ways. So protect our back, and the rest of body will benefit.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main points of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.What started as a race to space between the United States and Russia has turned out to be a technological revolution that has greatly improved the quality of daily life throughout the world. Scientists at the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) have invented new technology to make space flights doable. The same technology, when applied on Earth, has produced thousands of products in the areas of health and sports that have significant impacts on our lives.Many of these improvements are in the fields of health and medicine. NASA-inspired technology fueled the great advances in the early detection of deadly diseases. For instance, computer chips designed for the Hubble telescope are used in digital imaging devices that help medical professionals detect cancer at very early stages. Eye doctors can now diagnose vision problems in very young children by using ocular screening. Ultrasound scanners, portable x-ray devices, and bone analyzers are among the medical devices developed with the help of spacetechnology.Fogless ski goggles and special sportswear are among the hundreds of items of sports equipment inspired by NASA technology. Space technology has been applied to sports too. The running shoes that athletes use today have midsoles that act like shock absorbers and keep the runners steady while in motion. These shoes utilize the technology NASA used to design the moon boot. In golf, athletes use a new ball that employs NASA research on how to make the flight of the ball from the tee to the green faster and more accurate. In swimming, athletes can swim faster because of NASA-developed riblets in the fabric of their swimsuits.Almost all aspects of daily life continue to improve because NASA scientists are still at work. Transportation, methods of preparing food, and work environments are other ways in which NASA technology has made significant changes.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main points of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.As is known to all, many things can be measured in terms of data. Sometimes data can indeed tell the truth. With the help of data we can easily know the price of a can of Coke in the supermarket or the result of a football match or the temperature of a certain day. Obviously, data can make our life easier and more comfortable. What is more important, data seem to be fairer than words or statements. If the data are true, we don’t have to worry about being cheated. Nowadays, as lies exist in the world, data are expected to tell the truth. Therefore, many of us would rather believe data.On the other hand, if we judge things only by data from the so-called specific research, aren’twe a little too narrow-minded? Many people often treat the so-called specific data unwisely just to make sure that they are making the right decisions. But sometimes we may find that data aren’t everything. For example, how can you tell that somebody isn’t a good student just because he or she doe sn’t get high marks in the final examination?There are many things in our life which cannot be measured by data. For example, the degree of your feeling happy in your life, the depth of love between you and your friends, and the faith you have in your country. We can only feel them in our hearts but can never express them in data.There is no doubt that analyzing the exact data is important to assessment of an actual event. But data should be dealt with wisely. We often get wrong data which mislead us. We should try our best to be wise thinkers. Remember, data have no feeling but we humans have. Data do not mean much to people if we do not have the abilities to analyze the data with the knowledge and confidence to judge whether they are true or false.Data are data after all. Life is much more colorful than the pale data. So give the cold data a warm heart and we’ll find that the world is far more wonderful than the pale data can describe.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main points of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.A remarkable variety of insects live in this planet. More species of insects exist than all other animal species together. Insects have survived on earth for more than 300 million years, and may possess the ability to survive for millions more. Insects can be found almost everywhere -- on the highest mountains and on the bottom of rushing streams, in the cold South Pole and in bubbling hot springs. They dig through the ground, jump and sing in the trees, and run and dance in the air.They come in many different colours and various shapes.There are many reasons why insects are so successful at surviving. Their amazing ability to adapt permits them to live in extreme ranges of temperatures and environments. The one place where they have not yet been found to any major extent is in the open oceans. Insects can survive on a wide range of natural and artificial foods -- paint, pepper, glue, books, grain, cotton, other insects, plants and animals. Because they are small they can hide in tiny spaces.Also, insects have an enormous reproductive capacity: An African ant queen can lay as many as 43,000 eggs a day.Another reason for their success is the strategy of protective colour. An insect may be right before our eyes, but nearly invisible because it is cleverly disguised(伪装) like a green leaf, lump of brown soil, gray lichen(青苔), a seed or some other natural object. Some insects use bright, bold colours to send warning signals that they taste bad, sting or are poison. Others have wing patterns that look like the eyes of a huge predator, bitter-tasting insects; hungry enemies are fooled into avoiding them.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main points of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.So, when you picked up a few things in a supermarket, a guy ran his cart over your toe with no apology. By the time when a fellow motorist had cut you off in traffic, with a rude hand gesture or two, wasn't it a relief to get to the office?The answer is a definite yes. It is found that most American people today think public rudeness is on the rise, and most see that as a "major problem." Moreover, it's getting worse. Lastyear, people reported encountering an average of 6.2 instances per week of evil behavior. This year, the number had shot up to 10.6.The exception, it seems, is the Workshops. More than 90% of us see companies offices as what is immune（免疫）to social bad manners. Workplaces are getting more civil in many people's eyes. The reported cases of office incivility this year declined to 0.29%---markedly lower than cases of running into rudeness online (39%), or while driving (also 39%).Of course, less-than-polite driving or letting loose with an online conduct code is, after all, unlikely to cost anyone his next raise or promotion. However, being on one's best behavior in any professional field is generally a common-sense career awareness for anyone seeking job development.But there’s more to it. Trends in how companies operate seem to have the welcome effect of encouraging coworkers to play nice. CEOS, and managers at all levels, are now keen on cooperation. They are trying to build a ‘Best Places to Work’ culture, to attract the best available talents. This emphasis on co-working atmosphere really requires civil interactions between people.Nonetheless，a significant number of employees believe there’s more to be done. Asked what changes they’d like to see, 62％hope that “civility training will be continued”, looking for bigger progress in the workplace manners.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main points of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Take Care of Your Spine (脊柱)The spine stands at the center of your health, providing your body with structure and support.It also contains your spinal cord, a massive collection of nerves that sends electric signals from the rest of your body to your brain. Therefore, it’s important to take care of it.Maintaining your good posture is one of the most important things you can do to keep your spine healthy. Proper posture means standing or sitting while keeping your spine straight, except for its natural curves. Posture comes into play even when you’re asleep. Sleeping on your side puts less stress on your spine than most other positions. Having a comfortable bed is also very important as sleeping in a position that isn’t comfortable can leave your back feeling sore the next day.Exercise is also an important factor in the health of your spine. Staying still for too long—even if your posture is good—can be hard on your back. Especially if you work at a desk most of the day, it’s important to get up and stretch periodically. Stretches can help the muscles around your spine relax and allow bones to shift into better positions. Strength exercises with light weights or bodyweight exercises like pushups can also help by strengthening the muscles around your spine. However, don’t overdo the exercise, as repeated motions can hurt the muscles around your spine.Your diet also affects the health of your spine because many vitamins are necessary for bones and nerves. In particular, B vitamins help keep nerves healthy, so you may want to consider taking a supplement (补充物). Another important factor is vitamin D, which is essential for strong bones, but it’s also absorb ed from sunlight, so it may help to do some of those back exercises outside.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main points of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.All Must Have DegreesIn a classroom in Seoul a group of teenagers sit over their desks in total silence. Study begins at eight in the morning and ends at half past four in the afternoon. And some even go back home at midnight. Like thousands of South Koreans, they are preparing for the important exam, which will largely determine whether they go to a good university or not. Degrees have become useful. Seventy percent of students who graduate from the country’s secondary schools now go straight to universities.Many more countries have seen a big rise in the share of young people with degrees, but South Korea is an extreme case. As technological reforms require workers to do many difficult and demanding jobs that they would not have done before, there seems to be reasonable to insist that more workers receive a good education than before. And a degree is an obvious way for bright youngsters From poor families to prove their abilities. People tend to earn more if they have degrees.Employers do not have to pay for higher education and they are increasingly able to demand degrees to screen out the least motivated or capable. A recent study by Joseph Fuller and Manjari Raman of Harvard Business School shows that companies routinely require applicants to have degrees, even though only a minority of those already working in the role have them.The Economist’s analysis found that between 1970 and 2015, the proportion of 256 workers aged 25-64 with at least a bachelor’s degree increased. Some of them are highly intellectually demanding jobs, such as aviation engineers. Others are non-graduate jobs such as waiting tables. Sixteen percent of waiters now have degrees, because probably in most cases they could not find jobs and live poorly. Today, having a degree is usually an entry requirement.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main points of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Gossip“Did you hear what happened to Adam Last Friday?” Lindsey whispers to Tori.With her eyes shining, Tori brags, “You bet I did, Sean told me two days ago.”Lindsey and Tori aren’t very different from most students here at Linton High School, including me. Many of our conversations are gossip and I have noticed the effects of gossip.An important negative effect of gossip is that it can hurt the person being talked about. Usually, gossip spreads information about a topic—breakups, trouble at home—that a person would rather keep secret. The more embarrassing the secret is, the juicier the gossip it makes. Probably the worst type of gossip is the absolute lie. People often think of gossipers as harmless, but cruel lies can cause pain.If we know that gossip can be harmful, then why do so many of us do it? The answer lies in another effect of gossip: the satisfaction it gives us. Sharing the latest rumor can make a person feel important because he or she knows something that others don’t. Similarly, hearing the latest rumor can make a person feel like part of the “in group”. In other words, gossip is satisfying because it gives people a sense of belonging or even superiority.Gossip also can have a third effect: it strengthens unwritten rules about how people should act. Professor David Wilson explains that gossip is important in policing behaviors in a group. For instance, if everybody you hang around with is laughing at what John wore or what Jane said, then you can bet that wearing or saying something similar will get you the same kind of negative attention. The do’s and don’ts conveyed through gossip will never show up in any student handbook.The effects of gossip vary depending on the situation. The next time you feel the urge to spread the latest news, think about why you want to gossip and what effects your “juicy story” might have.IV. Summary WritingDirections:Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main points of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.The drug store was closing for the night and Alfred Higgins was about to go home when his new boss approached him.“Empty your pockets please, Alfred,” Sam Carr demanded in a firm voice.Alfred pretended to be shocked but he knew he’d been caught. From his coat he withdrew a make-up kit, a lipstick and two tubes of toothpaste.“I’m disappointed in you, Alfred!” said the little gray-haired man.“Sorry, Sir. Please forgive me. I’ve never done such a thing before.” Alfred lied, hoping to gain the old man’s sympathy.Mr Carr’s brow furrowed (皱眉) as he reached for the phone, “Do you take me for a fool? Let’s see what the police have to say. But first I’ll call your mother and let her know her son is heading to jail.”“Do whatever you want,” Alfred shot back, trying to sound big. But deep down he felt like a child. He imagined his mother rushing in, eyes burning with anger, maybe in tears. Yet he wanted her to come quickly before Mr. Carr called the police.Mr. Carr was surprised when Mrs Higgins finally arrived. She was very calm, quiet and friendly. “Is Alfred in trouble?” she asked.“He’s been stealing from the store,” the old man coolly replied.Mrs. Higgins put out her hand and touched Mr. Carr’s arm with great g entleness as if she knew just how he felt. She spoke as if she did not want to cause him any more trouble. “What do you want to do, Mr. Carr?”The woman’s calm and gentle manner disarmed the once-angry store-owner. “I was going to get a cop. But I don’t want to be cruel. Tell your son not to come back here again, and I’ll let itgo.” Then he warmly shook Mrs. Higgins’s hand.Mrs. Higgins thanked the old man for his kindness, then mother and son left. They walked along the street in silence. When they arrive d home his mother simply said, “Go to bed, you fool.”In his bedroom, Alfred heard his mother in the kitchen. He felt no shame, only pride in his mother’s actions. “She was smooth!” he thought. He went to the kitchen to tell her how great she was, but was shocked by what he saw.His mother’s face looked frightened, broken. Not the cool, bright face he saw earlier. Her lips moved nervously. She looked very old. There were tears in her eyes.This picture of his mother made him want to cry. He felt his youth ending. He saw all the troubles he brought her and the deep lines of worry in her grey face. He seemed to have never really seen his mother like that.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main points of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.When we wake up feeling sleepy and with dark circles under eyes, many of us often think:” I’m going to go to bed earlier tomorrow!” But however determined we are, chances are that we don’t stick to our promise. This behavior is called “bedtime procrastinat ion（拖延症）”.According to a study carried out by a group of health psychologists at Utrecht University in the Netherlands in 2014, bedtime procrastination is a common problem. In their study, 53 percent of the 2,400 participants said they didn’t follow their sleep schedule, delaying it at least twice a week.It’s found that they delayed bedtime not because they liked to stay up late, but they couldn’tstop doing other unimportant things, which were keeping them up in the first place.“People who generally hav e trouble resisting temptations and sticking to their intentions are more likely to delay going to bed.” Floor Kroese, a psychologist at Utrecht University, further explained to HuffPost.Yet, according to scientists, lack of self-control is not the only thing to blame. Our body clock also plays an important role when it comes to bed time. In order to check the influence of the body clock on sleep, psychologists at Ulm University in Germany studied the sleep patterns of 108 people in February. It was found that those who get up late are more likely to postpone their bedtime than those who wake early every morning.“The intention to go to bed earlier is not enough,” Jane Kuhnel, a psychologist at Ulm University, concluded in Popular Science. “Biological processes need to support this intention.”People always think that bedtime procrastination isn’t a big problem, but as Kroese told Popular Science, “the choices we make that affect out sleep could turn out to be pretty important for our health.”IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main points of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.To Friend or UnfriendSocial networking makes it very easy to have friends –lots and lots friends. Hundreds or millions of people have joined QQ, Wechat, and other sites so that they can communicate with friends online. However, the meaning of the word “friend” seems changed. In the past, a friend was someone you had a close personal relationship with. Now, anyone in the world can be yourfriend online! Some people have thousands of cyber friends, but what do you do if you don’t want to have so many friends?Easy! You can dump an unwanted friend with just one click of your mouse. In recent years, it has become so common to get rid of friends in this way that there is a new word to describe it – to “unfriend”. The new Oxford American Dictionary named it word of the Year in 2009 and defined it like this: “to remove someone as a ‘friend’ from social networking site”. But why would you want to do such a thing as unfriending someone?The most common reason for unfriending someone is to eliminate annoying people from your social life. For example, some friends post messages much too frequently, especially those messages found to be extremely boring. They endlessly post status updates which say something like “I’m cooking dinner” or “I’m doing homework”. Another reason for unfriending someone is disagreement about world issues. A third reason is to get rid of people who write dirty things on social websites.Although dumping friends is not just an Internet phenomenon, far more online friendships end suddenly than off-line ones. Even in this computer age, it remains true that many people prefer spending time together face-to face. After all, that’s what friends ar e for!IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main points of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Take care of your spine (脊柱)The spine stands at the center of your health, providing your body with structure and support. It also contains your spinal cord, a massive collection of nerves conveying electric signals from。
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I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections:In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. At a kindergarten. B. In a hospital. C. At a police station. D. In a library.2. A. A journalist. B. A tailor. C. An electrician. D. An operator.3. A. Her glasses are broken. B. She can’t see the time on the sign.C. She loses her glasses.D. The museum is out of sight.4. A. The kids will enjoy the movie.B. The movie will be quite boring.C. The kids will be surprised at the movie.D. The movie will not be suitable for kids to see.5. A. Positive. B. Negative. C. Neutral. D. Unclear.6. A. He isn’t an experienced skier.B. He has never been to Central Mountains.C. He doesn’t plan to go skiing during spring break.D. He doesn’t recommend going to Central Mountains.7. A. The bad weather stopped him. B. His shoes were worn out.C. He didn’t like hiking trip.D. He was too exhausted to continue.8. A. The woman is afraid of the potential noise.B. The woman doesn’t like living in the suburbs.C. The woman has sleeping problems.D. The woman will sign the rental contract.9. A. Make up for the inconvenience. B. Arrange accommodation for him.C. Explain the cause of the cancellation.D. Allow him to take another flight that night.10. A. All work requires high speed.B. Working too fast may lead to undesirable outcomes.C. The result may not be as bad as the man has expected.D. You can never lay too much emphasis on the fast speed.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. It can work automatically. B. Its battery can run all night.C. It can clean the office windows.D. It cleans as fast as human cleaners.12. A. To start a robot cleaning company.B. To develop a better model for the market.C. To increase the profit of the robotic business.D. To develop a long-lasting battery for the current model.13. A. Its work efficiency. B. Its appearance.C. Its sense of direction.D. Its robotic arm.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Encouraging physical activity. B. Ensuring a healthy lifestyle.C. Reducing the risk of bone weakening.D. Protecting them from fatal diseases.15. A. Women’s change in a day. B. The damage of depression.C. The proper use of certain chemicals.D. The healthiest place in the office.16. A. Whether it is a useful item. B. Whether it is to receivers’ taste.C. Whether it is a general gift.D. Whether it is at a reasonable price. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. Fill in an application form.B. Send in an application letter.C. Make an appointment for an interview.D. Make a brief self-introduction on the phone.18. A. Someone having a college degree in advertising.B. Someone experienced in business management.C. Someone ready to take on more responsibilities.D. Someone willing to work beyond regular hours.19. A. Travel opportunities. B. Decent pay.C. Prospects for promotion.D. Flexible working hours.20. A. It is to be negotiated.B. It is about 500 pounds a week.C. It depends on the working hours.D. It will be set by the Human Resources.Keys: 1-5 ACBDC 6-10 DDABB 11-13 ABA 14-16 CDB 17-20 BDAA听力录音稿I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections:In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. M:Miss Jessica, my daughter didn’t sleep well last night. Will you please give her some extra attention today?W: Just relax yourself, Mr. Simon. All the kids will be taken good care of here.Q: Where does this conversation most probably take place?2. W: Hello, this is Mrs. Anderson. There is a power cut in my house. Could you please come over and fix it?M:Don’t worry, madam. I’l l be there in a minute.Q:What’s the probable occupation of the man?3. M: Does the sign say the museum is open every day from 10 to 8?W:Sorry, I haven’t got my glasses.Q: What does the woman mean?4. M: Caroline, could you take the kids to the movie The Predator?W:Yeah…but don’t you think the movie is too violent for them?Q: What does the woman mean?5. M: What do you think of the study tours? They are so popular these days.W:On the one hand, they do broaden students’ horizons. On the other hand, they always overcharge students.Q:What is the woman’s attitude towards study tours?6. W:I’m thinking about spending my spring break skiing at Central Mountains. You were there last year, how was it?M: To be completely honest, it left a lot to be desired.Q: What does the man imply?7. W: I heard you took part in a marathon last weekend.M: Yes, I really wore myself out, so I stopped halfway.Q: Why did the man give up the marathon halfway?8. M: Mrs. Williams, are you satisfied with this apartment? We can sign the apartment rentalcontract at your earliest convenience.W:I’m sorry, but I’m afraid you have to look for another one. This one is too near the airport and I am worried about my sleep quality.Q: What does the woman mean?9. W: I am terribly sorry, but your flight has been cancelled.M: What! In that case I hope you will put me up somewhere tonight.Q: What does the man expect the woman to do for him?10. M: It took me only half an hour to finish the exam. But the result was terrible.W:You should know that “More haste, less speed.”Q: What does the woman mean?Section BDirections:In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear aquestion, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.An office cleaning robot is being put through its paces by Dussmann, one of German’s largest cleaning companies. Their goal is to get it to work alongside human cleaners in large offices, emptying bins and sweeping floors.The robot was developed by roboticist Richard Borman and his colleagues. It is designed to do two tasks -- clean the floors and empty wastepaper baskets automatically. It can recognize dirt on the floor and identify wastepaper baskets before its robotic arm grabs and then empties each dustbin.However, it cleans too slowly. “Humans can do about 450 to 500 square meters an hour,” said Borman. “The robot can only do 100 to 120 square meters an hour.”Borman is applying for a fund to work with Dussmann and develop a commercial model that should be much quicker. It also needs a longer-lasting battery: the current model has only four hours of power, but a commercial one would need to run all night.Only big offices are suitable for this kind of robot. Humans would have to move it between small offices, which affects the profits. Other cleaning robots do exist, but they have only one function and can’t navi gate a building automatically.(Now listen again, please.)Questions:11. Which of the following best describes the new office cleaning robot?12. What is Borman and Dussmann’s long term plan?13. Which aspect of the cleaning robot needs to be further improved?Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following news.Good evening. I’m Mary Smith with the news from medical science.Enjoying life may pay off in an unexpected way. European researchers collected data from more than 2,000 women and followed up after ten years. Women who found life less satisfying experienced 52 percent more bone weakening in their later years than those who found life more satisfying; the results were independent of lifestyle, diseases, physical activities, and other health factors. Though the exact relationship is still unclear, experts say promoting good spirits in theelderly people is just as important as promoting a healthy lifestyle.The healthiest place to sit in the office is near a window. Brazilian researchers assessed 20 women in a workspace for a week. Half worked by a window, while the other half did not. By 10 p.m., the women sitting far away from a window had higher levels of the chemical linked with depression symptoms.Consider a gift card for your friend’s birthday this year? New research presented at a Society for Personality and Social Psychology conference shows that when individuals are given a choice between giving and receiving a general or specific gift, givers pride themselves on tailoring gifts to their loved ones. However, receivers prefer more general gifts, like gift cards. But don’t necessarily choose cash as gifts: related research has found that when people get cash, they feel obliged to spend it on “useful” items rather than treating themselves.(Now listen again, please.)Questions:14. What good does enjoying life do to elderly people according to European researchers?15. What does the second piece of news mainly talk about?16. What do givers think more important while choosing a gift?Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.M:I’m phoning up about this job you’ve advertised in this paper, t his uh, young sales manager. W: Oh, yes.M:I’d like to apply for it. Would you send me an application form?W: No, you simply send in a written application, a letter.M: Can you tell me a bit more about the job?W: Well, we are really looking for someone who isn’t too concerned about working fairly long hours.M: What do you mean by long hours?W: This is a job which does as the advertisement says have travel possibilities and very often one would be away at weekends, for instance.M: Oh, I thought you meant working in evenings and working overtime.W: Well, it could also mean working in the evenings, but for a managerial post we don’t pay for overtime. That’s for other grades.M: Oh, what kind of money are you paying then?W: Well, this is to be negotiated. Oh. It depends partly on your experience and education. Perhaps you can tell me briefly what that is.M:I’ve just left school and got A-level in geography.W: Oh, I see.M:And it’s the travel that appeals to me. That’s why I’m inquiring about the job.W: Yes, I see. What sort of salary were you thinking in terms of?M: Starting off, I thought it would be something of 500 pounds a week.W:Well, send in your application letter, and then we’ll consider your case along with all the other applicants.M: All right, many thanks. Good bye.W: Bye.(Now listen again, please.)Questions:17. What does the woman say the applicant should do first to apply for the job?18. What kind of person is the company looking for?19. What does the man like most about the job?20. What does the woman say about the salary if the man is accepted by the company?I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper,and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. Waiter and guest. B. Trainer and trainee.C. Policeman and driver.D. Teacher and student.2. A. At Susan Baker’s. B. At the computer company.C. In his own office.D. In a restaurant.3. A. Line 1. B. Line 2. C. No. 952. D. No. 925.4. A. He acted in the drama at the last minute. B. He finall y decided to quit the drama.C. He hesitated to play a role in the drama.D. He made up his mind to see the drama.5. A. She isn’t sure whether Jessica will come. B. She can’t speak to Jessica now.C. Jessica is always late for activities.D. She can’t bear Jessica’s being late.6. A. Frank moved to the suburbs recently.B. John bought a new house in the suburbs.C. Frank is a friend of the Wilsons’.D. The Wilsons bought a new house at a good price.7. A. The exam was easier than Jane had expecteB. It’s easy for Jane to do better in the next exam.C. Jane failed to do well in the last exam.D. Jane has just forgot about the exam.8. A. Buy some new furniture. B. Complain to the landlord.C.Hunt for a new apartment.D. Change the content of a rent contract.9. A. She didn’t feel like going. B. She didn’t think it would be fun.C. She hadn’t been inviteD. She wasn’t feeling well last night.10. A. Invest in the old model. B. Have the old washing machine fixed.C. Buy a new washing machine.D. Design a new style model.Section BDirections:In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation. After each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. It is only famous for being America’s backyard.B. Quebec is its largest province, which is eight times larger than UK.C. The area of Ontario is larger than that of Spain and France combined.D. All of the Canadians will speak French while they are in Ottawa.12. A. Enjoy the Pacific Ocean on the western coast of Canada.B. Breathe fresh air in the beautiful mountains.C. Experience incredible hiking and limitless wildlife.D. Visit the city of Vancouver on Vancouver Island.13. A. Niagara Falls is the oldest natural wonders of the world.B. Rainbows can be easily seen above the mists from miles away.C. Visitors can appreciate breathtaking views of the Falls from different angles.D. Newly married couples visit the Falls after the wedding.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. To prepare the students for the next reading assignment.B. To provide background information for a class discussion.C. To review material from a previous lesson.D. To prepare for a quiz on chapter six.15. A. Insurance companies. B. Sailors．C. Manufacturers.D. Merchants.16. A. They include features similar to earlier policies.B. They are totally different from the ones in the Middle Ages.C. They contain only four earlier policies in chapter six.D. They don’t provide shipping protection any more.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. He just has no time to buy one. B. He grew up after it became common.C. He thinks a good one costs too much.D. He doesn’t think it does good to life.18. A. A computer. B. A video camera. C. An FM radio. D. A fax machine.19. A. He thought telephone bills might be a burden.B. He was disappointed at the telephones on each street corner.C. He believed he simply didn’t need it for anything.D. He would contact his friends with the help of his computer.20. A. He gets great enjoyment when he goes on the Internet.B. He regards the jet plane as the only modern form of media.C. He links up with people from foreign countries by the Internet.D. He thinks the international communication won’t develop without the jet planeKeys: 1-5 CDCBA 6-10 DCCAC 11-13 CDC 14-16 BDA 17-20 DCCB听力录音稿I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. M: Madam, why didn’t you wear your seat belt?W: I’m sorry, sir. Will I have to pa y a fine?Q: What is the probable relationship between the two speakers?2. W: Good morning. This is Susan Baker at Sunshine Computer Company. Is Michael Smith there?M: Sorry, he is out for lunch. May I take a message?Q: Where is Michael Smith most probably now?3. M: Could you tell me the best way to get to Shanghai Grand Theater?W: Yes. You can go there by subway, Line 1 or 2. You can also take Bus No. 952.Q: Which bus gets to Shanghai Grand Theater?4. W: Wasn’t Steve supposed to take part in this new drama?M: Yes, but he backed out at the last minute.Q: What do we learn about Steve?5. M: Jessica is already 40 minutes late. Do you think she changed her mind about coming to join us?W: Actually, I can’t say for sure.Q: What does the woman imply?6. W: Frank, did you hear about the house that the Wilsons bought in the suburbs?M: Yes, their friend John said that they got a very good deal on it.Q: What can we learn from this conversation?7. M: Listen to me, Jane, the exam is already a thing of the past. Just forget about it.W: That’s easier said than done.Q: What can we infer from the conversation?8. W: Have you got a chance to talk to your landlord about your rent contract yet?M: No t yet. Don’t you think he will let me go away?Q: What will the man most probably do next?9. M: Why didn’t you show up at Sandy’s party last night? We missed you a lot.W: I just didn’t think I was in a party mood.Q: Why didn’t the woman attend the par ty?10. W: My washing machine is more than fifteen years old and it wouldn’t work last night.M: I don’t think it worth repairing. So it might be time to invest in a new model.Q: What does the man suggest the woman do?Section BDirections:In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation. After each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.Canada is not just America’s backyard, but a world of all its own as well. This land of unspoiled nature and European-style cities is a country that warms tourists’ souls with its many beautiful treasures.Quebec is Canada’s largest province. Seven times the size of the UK, it offers beautiful scenery and modern cities with European charm. Ontario is Canada’s second largest province. It’s larger than Spain and France combined. The Ontario landscape varies greatly, and it offers many outdoor activities for travelers. Ottawa is Canada’s capital. You’ll hear a lot of Canadian F rench spoken here. People enjoy natural lifestyles and seem happy to jog or cycle to work.British Columbia shoulders the Pacific Ocean on the western coast of Canada. This province offers fresh air, beautiful mountains, incredible hiking and limitless wildlife and whale adventures. British Columbia’s capital city, Victoria, is at the southern tip of Vancouver Island. Despite its name, the city of Vancouver is not on Vancouver Island, but on the Canadian mainland.As one of the greatest natural wonders of the world, Niagara Falls has attracted visitors fromaround the world for hundreds of years. On sunny days, rain bows rise just above the mists. The loud noise of the Falls can be heard from miles away and visitors can board a boat, a cable car, or a helicopter for more breathtaking views of the Falls. Among the 12 million annual tourists to Niagara Falls are some 50,000 honeymooning couples. It is something of a tradition in the northeastern United States and Canada for newly married couples to visit the Falls.11. Which of the following is TRUE about Canada?12. What are you not likely to do in British Columbia province?13. Why is Niagara Falls so attractive?Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.I hope you’ve all finished reading the assigned chapter on insurance—so that you are prepared for our discussion today. But, before we start, I’d like to mention a few things your text doesn’t go into.It’s interesting to note that insurance has existed in some form for a very long time. T he earliest insurance policies provided shipping protection for merchants as far back as 3000 B.C.In general, the contracts were often no more than oral agreements. They granted loans to merchants with the understanding that if a particular shipment of goods was lost at sea, the loan didn’t have to be repaid. Interest on the loans varied according to how risky it was to transport the goods. During periods of heavy robbery at sea, for example, the amount of interest and the cost of the policy went up considerably.So, you can see how insurance helped encourage international trade. Even the most cautious merchants became willing to risk shipping their goods over long distances when they had this kind of protection available.Generally speaking, the basic form of an insurance policy has been pretty much the same since the Middle Ages. There are four points that were marked then and remain important in all polices today. These were outlined in chapter six and will serve as the b asis for the rest of today’s discussion. Can anyone tell me what one of those points might be?14. Why does the speaker give such a talk?15. Who were the first insurance contracts designed to protect?16. What does the speaker say about current insurance policies?Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.W: Robert, I know you have special feelings about the media.M: I do. I’ve never had a television in my life. I grew up before television was really common and I just don’t have time for it. I think you have to look at the trade-off for whatever you do.W: What do you mean by trade-off?M: What it costs, not only in money, but in terms of whether it does good to your life. I have no real machines in my apartment. Well, I do have an FM radio.W: Yeah, what do you listen to?M: Oh, weather reports, good music. And I have a telephone now, but I lived for eight years without one.W: Eight years without a telephone?M: Well, I discovered there were telephones on every street corner and I really didn’t need one for anything.W: Do you have a computer?M: I do not own a computer. Because when I go on the Internet, I’m always disappointed. You see, I think modern technology destroys all the beauty and meaning in life. That’s not the way I want to live my life.W: Aren’t there any good things that the modern media brings us?M: Well, the only modern form of media I really like is the jet plane. I mean, I know it’s not “the media,” but I really consider it to be a form of communication. It h as allowed me to travel all over the world. I get great enjoyment out of traveling. I link up with people from foreign countries, I meet them, I talk to them, and so in that way, the jet plane has improved international communication, much more than fax or email will ever do.W: What an interesting idea! Thank you, Robert.17. Why has Robert never had a television in his life?18. Which type of modern machine does Robert have now in his apartment?19. According to Robert, why didn’t he have a telephone for eight years?20. Which of the statements is TRUE about Robert according to the conversation?I. Listening ComprehensionSection A （10分）Directions:In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. Blue. B. Green. C. Yellow. D. Purple.2. A. 7:15. B. 7:45. C. 8:00. D. 8:15.3. A. In a restaurant. B. At the man’s house.C. In a supermarket.D. In the hospital.4. A. The CEO won’t be free at that time.B. The lecture hall isn’t big enough.C. The equipment in the lecture hall is out of order.D. The lecture hall is not reserved early enough.5. A. An athlete. B. A fitness instructor.C. A mechanic.D. A medical doctor.6. A. Take a deep breath. B. Take some aspirin.C. See a doctor.D. Drive to the hospital.7. A. The man shouldn’t order food in such awful weather.B. The delay of the delivery is caused by the awful weather.C. There is a problem with the policy of food delivery.D. The man should have his delivery fee returned.8. A. Having an outing. B. Ordering various drinks.C. Preparing for a party.D. Choosing suitable drinks.9. A. Thoughtful. B. Terrified. C. Apologetic. D. Annoyed.10. A. He followed his grandmother’s steps of cooking.B. He has a great talent for cooking.C. He is a green hand in cooking.D. He improved the dish of his grandmother.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two passages and a longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the question will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following lecture.11. A. Literature. B. Business. C. Cooking. D. History.12. A. Christopher Columbus. B. People in Mexico.C. Hernando Cortez.D. Daniel Peter.13. A. The development of chocolate. B. The introduction of Cortez.C. The contributions of Columbus.D. The usage of cocoa beans.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Les Misréables. B. Red.C. My Week with Marilyn.D. The Theory of Everything.15. A. He rose to fame overnight.B. He has been a household name.C. He was recommended by Prince Harry.D. He first appeared in a stage play in 2004.16. A. His small brown spots on the face.B. His graduation from famous schools.C. His remarkable gift for performing on stage.D. His involvement in various styles of performance.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. A chef tends to work at entry level jobs.B. A chef works in a non-professional setting.C. A chef has the ability to create the recipe.。