托福阅读专题——插入题

Tips
做句子插入题必须先读句子而非先读段落 找线索词并积极对插入句上下文做预测 从第一个小黑方块前一句话开始读，逐一代入进 行验证 插入句必须满足前后两条线索，先前再后。（先 用前线索再看后线索）
• Some companies in the power industry are aware of this wider possibility and are planning sizable wind-farm projects in states other than California. • 有些能源行业的公司意识到了这个更大的可能性，正在计 划在美国除了加州以外的州建立大型的风力发电站项目。 • Since 1980, the use of wind to produce electricity has been growing rapidly. █In 1994 there were nearly 20,000 wind turbines worldwide, most grouped in clusters called wind farms that collectively produced 3,000 megawatts of electricity. █Most were in Denmark (which got 3 percent of its electricity from wind turbines) and California (where 17,000 machines produced 1 percent of the state’s electricity, enough to meet the residential needs of a city as large as San Francisco). █In principle, all the power needs of the United States could be provided by exploiting the wind potential of just three states— North Dakota, South Dakota, and Texas. █
• Storm surges, such as the heaping up of ocean water by hurricane winds, are yet another factor.
• We all know that many more people today are right-handed than left-handed. Can one trace this same pattern far back in prehistory? ■Much of the evidence about right-hand versus left-hand dominance comes from stencils and prints found in rock shelters in Australia and elsewhere, and in many Ice Age caves in France, Spain, and Tasmania. ■When a left hand has been stenciled, this implies that the artist was right-handed, and vice versa. ■Even though the paint was often sprayed on by mouth, one can assume that the dominant hand assisted in the operation. One also has to make the assumption that hands were stenciled palm downward—a left hand stenciled palm upward might of course look as if it were a right hand. ■Of 158 stencils in the French cave of Gargas, 136 have been identified as left, and only 22 as right; right-handedness was therefore heavily predominant. • The stencils of hands found in these shelters and caves allow us to draw conclusions about which hand was dominant.
• ■ Cases in which many species become extinct within a geologically short interval of time are called mass extinctnt at the end of the Cretaceous period (around 70 million years ago). ■ There was another, even larger, mass extinction at the end of the Permian period (around 250 million years ago). ■ The Permian event has attracted much less attention than other mass extinctions because mostly unfamiliar species perished at that time.
Insert Text Question
by Maxine
1
Introduction
2
Tips
Clue 1——指代关系
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4
Clue 2——逻辑关系
Clue 3——结构关系
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Introduction
1.设置在文章的倒数第二题 2.出题会确保不会因为这个缺失的句子而影响到全 文的大意，缺少的这个句子是可有可无的 3.出题原理：指代线索/逻辑线索/组织结构和语义 线索
Clue 1—指代关系
• 指代词（the, this, these, their，such, another, other, they, it）必然有所指代 • 指代词后边若有名词短语，则向前寻找名词短语的同义改
写，指代词必然有所指代
• 小黑方块附近出现指代词，则注意是否有所指代，若无指 代，插入句往往放在代词前的方块 • 插入句中出现插入语或从句，重点读主干 • 定冠词the 用于重复上文提到的事物
• Such a force would give France a three-to-two advantage over Britain.
• Several factors affect tidal ranges, including abrupt changes in atmospheric pressure or prolonged periods of extreme high or low pressure. ■They are also influenced by the density and volume of seawater, variations in ocean-current velocities, earthquakes, and the growing or shrinking of the world’s glaciers. ■In fact, any of these factors alone can alter sea level. ■The greater and more rapid the change of water level, the greater the erosive effect of the tidal action, and thus in the amount of material transported and deposited on the shore. ■
• ■Accordingly, France set out to overcome Britain by extending its military domination from Moscow to Lisbon, from Jutland to Calabria. ■All of this entailed tremendous risk, because France did not have the military resources to control this much territory and still protect itself and maintain order at home. ■ French strategists calculated that a navy of 150 ships would provide the force necessary to defeat the British navy. ■This advantage was deemed necessary because of Britain’s superior sea skills and technology, and also because Britain would be fighting a defensive war, allowing it to win with fewer forces.
• Look at the four squares [■] that indicate where the following sentence could be added to the passage. • In general, it is believed that these two extinctions resulted from drastic environmental changes that followed meteorite impacts or massive volcanic eruptions.