化工术语中英文对照大全
常见化工词汇中英文对照
常见化工词汇中英文对照工艺流程连续过程continuous process间歇过程batch process工艺叙述process description 工艺特点process feature操作operation反应reaction副反应side reaction絮凝flocculation浮洗flotation倾析decantation催化反应catalytical reaction萃取extraction中和neutralization水解hydrolysis过滤filtration干燥drying还原reduction氧化oxidation氢化hydrogenation分解decomposition离解dissociation合成synthetics吸收absorption吸附adsorption解吸desorption结晶crystallization溶解solution调节modulate控制control悬浮suspension循环circulation再生regeneration再活化reactivation沥取leaching破碎crushing煅烧caloination沉降sedimentation沉淀precipitation气化gasification冷冻refrigeration固化、结晶solidification包装package升华sublimation燃烧combustion引烧ignition蒸馏distillation碳化carbonization压缩compression化学物质及特性固体solid液体liquid气体gas化合物compound混合物mixture粉powder 片状粉未flake小粒granule结晶crystal乳化物emulsion氧化物oxidizing agent还原剂reducing agent有机物organic material真空vacuum母液master liquor富液rich liquor贫液lean liquor萃出物extract萃余物raffinate絮凝剂flocculants冷冻盐水brine酸度acidity浓度concentration碱度alkalinity溶解度solubility凝固点solidificalion point沸点boiling point熔点melting point蒸发率evaporation rate粘度viscosity吸水的water absorbent(a)无水的anhydrous(a)外观appearance无色的colorless(a)透明的transparent(a)半透明的translucent密度density比重specific gravity催化剂catalyst燃烧combustion引燃ignition自然点self-ignition temperature可燃气体combustible gas可燃液体inflammable liquid易燃液体volatile liquid爆炸混合物explosive mixture爆炸性环境explosive atmosphere(environment)爆炸极限explosive concentration limit废水waste water废液waste liquid废气off-gas噪声noise pollution成分composition挠度deflection力和力矩force and moment弯矩bending moment应力-应变曲线stress-strain diagram百分比percentage 环境温度ambient temperature工作温度operating 设计温度design temperature(pressure)相对湿度RH=relative humidity油渣、淤泥sludge杂质impurity化工设备泵pump轴流泵axial flow pump真空泵vacuum pump屏蔽泵canned pump柱塞泵plunger pump涡轮泵turbine pump涡流泵vortex pump离心泵centrifugal pump喷射泵jet pump转子泵rotary pump管道泵inline pump双作用往复泵double action reciprocating pump计量泵metering pump深井泵deep well pump齿轮泵gear pump手摇泵hand(wobble)pump螺杆泵screw(spiral)pump潜水泵submersible pump 斜转子泵inclined rotor pump封闭式电磁泵hermetically sealed magnetic drive pump气升泵air-lift-pump轴承bearing叶轮impeller虹吸管siphon高压容器high pressure vessel焚化炉incinerator火焰清除器flame arrester工业炉furnace烧嘴burner锅炉boiler回转窑rotary kiln加热器heater电加热器electric heater冷却器cooler冷凝器condenser换热器heat exchanger反应器reactor蒸馏釜still搅拌器agitator混合器mixer静态混合器static mixers管道混合器line mixers混合槽mixing tanks破碎机crusher磨碎机grinder研磨机pulverizer球磨机ballmill过滤器filter分离器separator干燥器drier翅片fins烟囱stack火炬flare筛子screen煅烧窑calciner 倾析器decanter蒸发器evaporator再沸器reboiler萃取器extractor离心机centrifuger吸附（收）器adsorber结晶器crystallizer电解槽electrolyzer电除尘器electric precipitator洗涤器scrubber消石灰器slaker料仓bin料斗hopper加料器feeder增稠器thickener澄清器clarifier分级器classifier浮洗器flocculator废液池sump喷射器ejector喷头sprayer成套设备package unit仪器设备apparatus附属设备accessory旋转式压缩机rotary compressor往复式压缩机reciprocating compressor水环式压缩机nash compressor螺杆式压缩机helical screw compressor离心式压缩机centrifugal compressor多级压缩机mutiple stages compressor固定床反应器fixed bed reactor流化床反应器fluidized bed reactor管式反应器tubular reactor列管式换热器tubular heat exchanger螺旋板式换热器spiral plate heat exchanger萃取塔extraction column板式塔plate column填料塔packed column洗涤塔scrubber吸收塔absorber冷却塔cooling tower精馏塔fractionating tower汽提塔stripper再生塔regenerator造粒塔prill tower塔附件tower accessories液体分配（布）器liquid distributor填料支持板support plate定距管spacer降液管downcomer升气管chimney顶(底)层塔盘top(bottom)tray挡板baffle抽出口draw nozzle溢流堰weir泡罩bubble cap筛板sieve plate浮阀float valve除沫器demister pad塔裙座skirt椭圆封头elliptical head高位槽head tank中间槽intermediate tank加料槽feed tank补给槽make-up tank计量槽measuring tank电解槽cell溜槽chute收集槽collecting tank液滴分离器knockout drum稀释罐thinning tank缓冲罐surge drum回流罐reflux drum闪蒸罐flash drum浮顶罐floating roof tank内浮顶罐covered floating roof tank球罐spheroid气柜gas holder湿式气柜wet gas-holder干式气柜dry gas-holder螺旋式气柜helical gas-holder 星型放料器,旋转阀rotary valve抽滤器mutchefilter压滤器filter press压滤机pressurefilter板框压滤器plate-and-fram filter press转鼓过滤器rotary drum filter带式过滤器belt filter翻盘式过滤器袋滤器bag filter旋风分离器cyclone separator盘式干燥箱compartmenttray drier真空干燥器vacuum drier隧道式干燥器tunnel drier回转干燥器rotary drier穿流循环干燥器through circulation drier喷雾干燥器spray drier气流干燥器pneumatic conveyor drier圆盘式加料器dish feeder螺旋式加料器screw feeder颚式破碎机jaw crusher回转破碎机gyratory crusher滚洞破碎机roll crusher锤式破碎机hammer crusher冲击破碎机rotor impact breaker气流喷射粉碎机jet pulverizer棍磨机rod mill雷蒙机raymond mill锤磨机hammer mill辊磨机roller mill振动筛vibrating screen回转筛rotary screen风机fan罗茨鼓风机root＇s blower起重机crane桥式起重机bridge crane电动葫芦motor hoist发电机generator电动机motor汽轮机steam turbine管道工程piping engineering1阀门valve阀杆stem内螺纹阀杆inside screw阀座valve seat(body seat)阀座环、密封圈sealing ring阀芯(包括密封圈,杆等)trim阀盘disc阀体body阀盖bonnet手轮hand wheel手柄hand level(handle)压盖gland闸阀gate valve平行双闸板double disc parallel seat楔形单闸板split wedge截止阀globe valve节流阀throttle valve 针阀needle valve角阀(角式截止阀)angle valve Y型阀(截止阀)Y-valve(Y-body globe valve)球阀ball valve三通球阀3-way ball valve蝶阀butterfly valve对夹式(薄片型)wafer type偏心阀板蝶阀offset disc(eccentric)butterfly valve斜阀盘蝶阀canted disc butterfly valve连杆式蝶阀link butterfly valve止回式蝶阀combinednon-return butterfly valve柱塞阀piston type valve旋塞阀plug valve三通旋塞阀three-way plug valve 四通旋塞阀four-way plug valve旋塞cock衬套旋塞sleeve cock隔膜阀diaphragm valve橡胶衬里隔膜阀rubber lined diaphragm valve直通式隔膜阀straight way diaphragm valve夹紧式胶管阀pinch valve止回阀check valve升降式止回阀lift check valve旋启式止回阀swing check valve落球式止回阀ball check valve弹簧球式止回阀spring ball check valve底阀foot valve切断式止回阀stop check valve活塞式止回阀piston check valve翻板止回阀flap check valve蝶式止回阀butterfly check valve安全泄气阀safety[SV]安全泄放阀relief valve[RV]安全泄压阀safety relief valve杠杆重锤式lever and weight type罐底排污阀flush-bottom tank valve波纹管密封阀bellow sealed valve电磁阀solenoid(operated)valve电动阀electrically(electric-motor)operated valve气动阀pneumatic operated valve低温用阀cryogenic service valve蒸汽疏水阀steam trap机械式疏水阀mechanical trap浮桶式疏水阀open(top) bucket trap浮球式疏水阀float trap倒吊桶式疏水阀inverted bucket trap自由浮球式疏水阀loose float trap恒温式疏水阀thermostatic trap压力平衡式恒温疏水阀balanced pressure thermostatic trap热动力式疏水阀thermodynamic trap脉冲式蒸汽疏水阀impulse steam trap放汽阀(自动放汽阀)(automatic)air vent valve 换向阀diverting(reversing)valve呼吸阀breather valve减压阀pressure reducing valve控制阀control valve执行机构actuator差压调节阀differential pressure regulating valve切断阀block(shut-off,stop)valve调节阀regulating valve快开阀quick opening valve 快闭阀quick closing valve隔断阀isolating valve三通阀three way valve夹套阀jacketed valve非旋转式阀non-rotary valve2管子,管件,法兰管子pipe(按标准制造的配管用管)tube(不按标准规格制造的其它用管)钢管steel pipe铸铁管cast iron pipe衬里管lined pipe复合管clad pipe碳钢管carbon steel[C.S.]pipe合金钢管alloy steel pipe不锈钢管stainless steel[S.S.]pipe奥氏体不锈钢管austenitic stainless steel pipe铁合金钢管ferritic alloy steel pipe轧制钢管wrought-steel pipe锻铁管wrought-iron pipe无缝钢管seamless[SMLS]steel pipe焊接钢管welded steel pipe电阻焊钢管electric-resistance-welded steel pipe电熔(弧)焊钢板卷管electric-fusion(arc)-welded steel-plate pipe螺旋焊接钢管spiral welded steel pipe镀锌钢管galvanized steel pipe排污阀blowdown valve 集液排放阀drip valve排液阀drain valve放空阀vent valve卸载阀unloading valve排出阀discharge valve吸入阀suction valve取样阀sampling valve手动阀handoperated(manually-operated)valve(水)龙头bibb;bib;faucet 抽出液阀(小阀)bleed valve旁路阀by-pass valve 软管阀hose valve混合阀mixing valve破真空阀vacuum breaker冲洗阀flush valve根部阀root(primary,header)valve水煤气钢管water-gas steel pipe塑料管plastic pipe玻璃管glass tube橡胶管rubber tube壁厚wall thickness[WT]壁厚系列号schedule number[SCH.NO.]加厚的,加强的extra heavy(strong)双倍加厚的,双倍加强的double extra heavy(strong)弯头elbow异径弯头reducing elbow长半径弯头long radius elbow短半径弯头short radius elbow长半径180°弯头long radius return短半径180°弯头short radius return三通tee异径三通reducing tee等径三通straight tee带支座三通base tee45°斜三通45°lateral Y型三通true“Y“四通cross异径管reducer同心异径管concentric reducer偏心异径管eccentric reducer管接头coupling;full coupling活接头union短管nipple预制弯管fabricated pipe bend U型弯管“U“bend法兰端flanged end万向接头universal joint对焊的butt welded[BW]螺纹的threaded[THD]承插焊的socket welded[SW]法兰flange[FLG]整体管法兰integral pipe flange钢管法兰steel pipe flange螺纹法兰threaded flange滑套法兰slip-on flange平焊法兰slip-on-welding flange承插焊法兰socket welding flange松套法兰lap joint flange[LJF]对焊法兰weld neck flange[WNF]法兰盖blind flange;blind异径法兰reducing flange 压力级pressure rating(class)突面raisedface[RF]凸面male face凹面female face全平面;满平面flat face;full face[FF] 3.管道特殊件piping speciality粗滤器strainer过滤器filter临时过滤器temporary strainer(cone type)Y型过滤器Y-type strainer T型过滤器T-type strainer永久过滤器permanent filter洗眼器及淋浴器eye washer and shower视镜sight glass阻火器flame arrester喷咀;喷头spray nozzle喷射器ejector取样冷却器sample cooler消音器silencer膨胀节expansion joint波纹膨胀节bellow补偿器compensator软管接头hose connection[HC]快速接头quick coupling 金属软管metal hose橡胶管rubber hose挠性管flexible tube特殊法兰special flange漏斗funnel8字盲板spectacle(figure8)blind爆破板rupture disk4,其它材料碳素钢carbon steel[C.S.]不锈钢stainlesssteel[S.S.]铸铁cast iron[C.I.]铝aluminum铜,紫铜copper钛titanium抗拉强度tensile strength非金属材料non-metallic material塑料plastic陶瓷ceramic搪瓷porcelain enamel玻璃glass橡胶rubber垫片gasket[GSKT]平垫片flat gasket填料packing型钢shaped steel角钢angle steel槽钢channel工字钢I-beam宽缘工字钢或H钢wide flanged beam扁钢flat bar圆钢round steel;rod钢带strap steel网络钢板checkered plate材料表bill of material[BOM]材料统计material take-off[MTO]散装材料bulk material综合管道材料表consolidated piping material summary sheet[CPMSS]汇总表summarysheet 5.设备布置及管道设计中心线center line装置边界boundary limit[BL]区界area limit设备布置equipment arrangement (layout);plot plan标高,立面elevation[EL]支撑点point of support[POS]工厂北向plant north方位orientation危险区hazardous area classification净正吸入压头net positive suction head绝对标高absolute elevation坐标coordinate管道研究piping study管道布置平面piping arrangement plan[PAP]管道布置piping assembly;layout详图detail“X“视图view“X““A-A“剖视section“A-A“轴测图isometric drawing索引图key plan管道及仪表流程图piping and instrument diagram[P&ID]管口表list of nozzles地上管道above ground piping地下管道under ground piping管线号line number总管header;manifold 旁路by pass常开normally open常闭normally closed取样接口sampling connection 伴热管tracing pipe蒸汽伴热steam tracing热水伴热hot-water tracing电伴热electricaltracing夹套管jacketed line全夹套管full jacketed比例scale图figure草图sketch图例legend符号symbol件号part n。
化工术语中英文对照大全
规 范 电 极 电势 standard electrode potentialBET 公 式 BET f ormula D LV O 理 论 D LV O t h eo r yHLB 法 hydrophil e-lipophile balance method pVT 性 质 pV T propertyZ 电势 zeta potenti al阿 伏 加 德 罗 常 数 Av o g a d r o 'n u m b e r 阿 伏 加 德 罗 定 律Av o g a d r o l a w阿 累 尼 乌 斯 电 离 理 论 Arrhenius ionization theory 阿 累 尼 乌 斯 方 程 Arrhenius equation阿 累 尼 乌 斯 活 化 能 Arrhenius activation energy 阿 马 格 定 律 A magat law 艾 林 方 程 Eryi ng equation 爱 因 斯 坦 光化 当 量 定 律 Einstein 's law of photochemical equivalence爱 因 斯 坦 － 斯 托 克 斯 方 程 Einstein-Stokes equation安 托 万 常 数 Antoine constant 安 托 万 方 程 Antoine equation盎 萨 格 电 导 理 论 Onsager 's theory of conductance半 电 池 hal f cel l 半 衰 期 hal f ti me peri od 饱 和 液 体 saturated liquids爆 炸 界 限 explosion limits 比 表 面 功 specifi c surface work specific surface Gibbs function比 浓 粘 度 reduced viscosi ty规 范 电 动 势 standard electromotive force饱和蒸气 saturated vapor 饱和吸附量saturated extent of adsorption饱和蒸气压 saturated vapor pressure 比表面吉布斯函数规 范 摩 尔 生 成 焓 standard molar formation enthal py规 范 摩 尔 生成 吉 布 斯 函 数 standard molar formation Gibbs function规 范 平 衡 常 数 standard equilibri um constant 规 范 氢 电 极 stand ar d hy dr o gen electr ode 规 范 态 st andard st ate规 范 熵 standard en tr op y 规 范 压 力 standar d pr essure 规 范 状 况 standard condi tion表 观 活 化 能 apparent acti vation energy 表 观 摩 尔 质 量 apparent molecular wei ght 表 观 迁 移 数 apparent transf erence number 表 面 surf acessur f act ant ssur face ex cess 表 面 张 力 surf ace tension表 面 质 量 作 用 定 律 surface mass acti on law 波义尔定律 波义尔温度 Boyl e law Boyle temper ature波 义 尔 点 Boyl e poi nt 玻尔兹曼常数 玻尔兹曼分布 玻尔兹曼公式Bol tzmann constantBol tzmann distributi on Boltzmann for mula玻 尔 兹 曼 熵 定 理 Bol tzmann entropy theorem 玻 色 － 爱 因 斯 坦 统 计 Bose-Einstein statist ics泊 Po ise不 可 逆 过 程 irreversi ble process不 可 逆 过 程 热 力 学 thermodynamics of irreversi ble processes 不 可 逆 相 变 化 i rrev ersible phase change 布 朗 运 动 brow ni an mov ement 查 理 定 律 Char le 's law 产 率 yiel d敞 开 系 统 op en syst em规范摩尔反应吉布斯函数 standard Gibbs f unctionof molar r eaction规范摩尔反应熵 规范摩尔焓函数 规范摩尔吉布斯 规范摩尔燃烧焓st an d ar d st an d ar d由能函数 st an d ar d 规范摩尔熵 mol ar reaction entropy molar enthalpy f unction st andar d molar Gibbs m o lar com bustio n enthalstandar d molar ent ropyfr ee energy functionpy表面过程控制 surface process contr ol 表面活性剂表面吸附量超电势over potenti al沉降sedi mentation沉降电势sedi mentation potential 沉降平衡sedi mentation equilibrium触 变 thixotr opy粗 分 散 系 统 thick disperse sy stem 催 化 剂 c at al y s t单 分 子 层 吸 附 理 论 mono molecule l ayer adsorpti on 单 分 子 反 应 un i mol ecu lar react io n单 链 反 应straight chai n reactions弹 式 量 热 计 bomb calorimet er 道 尔 顿 分 压 定 律 Dalton parti al pressure law德 拜 和 法 尔 肯 哈 根 效 应 D ebye and Falkenhagen eff ect 德 拜 立 方 公 式 D ebye cubi c formul a德 拜 － 休 克 尔 极 限 公 式 Debye-Huckel 's limiting equation 等 焓 过 程i senth alpic p ro cess 等 焓 线 isenthal pic line等几率定理 等温等容位 等温等压位 theor em of equal probability H el m hol tz f r ee ener gy Gibbs fr ee en er gyequati on at constant temperature eutecti c point低 共 熔 混 合 物 eutecti c mixturel ow er consol ute point cryohydri c perpetual machi ne of perpetual machi ne of associ at ion chemi cal cell c onst ant电 池 电 动 势 electromotive force of cell s电 池 反 应 cell react io n电 导 co nd u c tanc e 电 导 率conducti vit y电 动 势 的 温 度 系 数 temperature coeffi cient of electromoti ve force 电 动 电 势 zeta p o tent ial 电 功 el ectr ic wo r k 电化学electrochemi stry电 化 学 极 化 electrochemical polar ization 电极电势 electr ode potential 电极反应 reacti ons on the electrode 电极种类 t ype o f electrod es 电解池 electrolyt ic cell 电量计 coulometer 电流效率 current eff iciency 电迁移 electro mi grati on电迁移率 electromobility道尔顿定律 D al ton l aw等温方程低共熔点 低会溶点低熔冰盐合晶 第二类永动机 第三定律熵 第一类永动机 缔合化学吸附 电池常数 third-l aw entropyt h e seco n d ki ndthe fir st kind adsorpti on电 渗 electroosmosi s电 渗 析 electrodialy sis电 泳 el ectrophoresi s丁达尔效应 D yndall eff ect定容摩尔热容 molar heat capaci ty under constant v olume定容温度计 Constant v oI ume t hermometer 定压摩尔热容 molar heat capaci ty under con stant pr essu r e定压温度计 constant pressure ther mom eter 定域子系统 localized particle sy stem动力学方程 kinet ic equat ions动力学控制 ki net ics con tr ol独立子系统 independent particle syst em对比摩尔体积 reduced mole v olume对 比 体 积 reduced vol ume对 比 温 度 r educed t emp eratur e 对 比 压 力r educed p r essur e对 称 数 symmetr y number 对 行 反 应 reversi bl e reactions对 应 状 态 原 理 pri ncipl e of corresponding state 多 方 过 程 poly tropic process多 分 子 层 吸 附 理 论 adsorption theory of mul ti-molecular layers 二 级 反 应 second order reaction二 级 相 变 seco nd order p h ase change 法 拉 第 常 数 farad ay constant 法 拉 第 定 律Far aday 's law反 电 动 势 b a c k E. M. F. 反 渗 透 rever se osmosis mol ecul arity reacti on orders ex tent of reaction反 应 热 heat of react i o n反 应 速 率 r at e o f r eact i o n非 依 时 计 量 学 反 应 time independent stoichiometric reacti ons 菲 克 扩 散 第 一 定 律Fick 's f irst law of diffusion反应分子数 反应级数 反应进度反应速率常数 constan t o f r eacti on r ate范德华常数van der Wa als constant 范德华方程 van der Wa alsequat ion范德华力 v a n d e r Wa al s f or c e范德华气体van der Wa als gases 范特霍夫方程van 't H of f equat ion 范特霍夫规则 v an 't H of f ru le范 特 霍 夫 渗 透 压 公 式 van 't Hoff equation of osmot ic pressure非 基 元 反 应 non-elementary reacti ons非体积功 non-vol ume work沸 点 boili ng point沸 点 升 高 elev ati on of boiling point 费 M － 狄 拉 克 统 计 Fermi-Dirac statistics 分 布 di st ri bution分 布 数 distribut ion numbers 分 解 电 压 decomposition volt age 分 配 定 律 distributi on law 分 散 系 统 disperse sy stem 分 散 相 disper sion phase 分 体 积 par ti al volume 分 体 积 定 律 partial vol ume law 分 压parti al pressure分 压 定 律 parti al pressure law分 子 反 应 力 学 mechanics of molecular reactions 分 子 间 力i nterm olecul ar f or ce分 子 蒸 馏 molecular di stil lati on 封 闭 系 统clo sed syst em附 加 压 力 excess pressu re弗 罗 因 德 利 希 吸 附 经 验 式 Freundlich empi rical formula of adsorption 负 极 negative pol e 负 吸 附 negati ve adsorption 复 合 反 应 composite reacti on 盖 •吕萨克定律 Gay-Lussac law H ess l aw calomel electrodely otropic seri es lever rule格 罗 塞 斯 －德 雷 珀 定 律 Grotthus-Draoer 's law隔 离 系 统 i sol ated syst em根 均 方 速 率 root-mean-square speed 功wor k功 函 wo r k content共 轭 溶 液 conjugate solution共 沸 温 度 azeotropic temperature 构 型 熵 configurational entropy 孤 立 系 统 i sol ated syst em 固 溶 胶 sol id so l固 态 混 合 物 sol i d sol u ti on 固 相 线 sol id phase l i ne 光 反 应 photoreacti on光 化 学 第 二定 律 the second law of actinochemistry 光 化 学 第 一 定 律 the first law of actinochemistry光 敏 反 应 photosensi tized reactions 光 谱 熵 spect ru m entr opy 广 度 性 质ex tensiv e propert y盖斯定律 甘汞电极 感胶离子序 杠杆规则 高分子溶液 macromolecular solution 高会溶点 u pper con sol u te p oint 隔离法 the isolation method广延量extensive quanti ty广延性质ex tensiv e propert y规定熵stip ulated entrop y过饱和溶液oversaturated sol ution过饱和蒸气ov ersaturated v apor过程pr ocess过渡状态理论t ransi ti on state theory过冷水super-cooled w ater过冷液体overcooled l iquid过热液体overheated l iquid亥姆霍兹函数Helmholt z funct ion亥姆霍兹函数判据Helmholtz function criteri on亥姆霍兹自由能H el m hol tz f r ee energ y亥氏函数Hel mholt z funct ion焓 e nt h al py亨利常数H enry constant亨利定律Henry l aw恒沸混合物const ant boi li ng mi x ture恒容摩尔热容molar heat capacity at constant v olume恒容热heat at constant v olume恒外压constant external pr essur e恒压摩尔热容molar heat capaci ty at constant pressure恒压热heat at con stant p ressur e化学动力学chemical ki netics化学反应计量式stoichiometr ic equation of chemical reaction化学反应计量系数stoichiometric coeffici ent of chemi cal reacti on 化学反应进度extent of chemical react ion化学亲合势chemical aff inity化学热力学chemical thermodynami cs化学势chemical potenti al化学势判据chemical potential cri teri on化学吸附chemi sorptions环境envi ro n ment环境熵变entropy change in envi ronment挥发度vol atil ity混合熵ent ropy of mix ing混合物mi x ture活度acti vity活化控制acti vation control活化络合物理论activated compl ex theory活化能activati on energy霍根-华森图Hougen-Wa tson Chart基态能级energy level at gr ound state基希霍夫公式K i rchhoff f ormula基元反应elementary reacti ons积分溶解热integrati on heat of dissolution吉布斯－杜亥姆方程Gi bbs-Duhem equation吉布斯－亥姆霍兹方程Gibbs-Hel mhotz equation吉布斯函数Gibbs funct ion吉布斯函数判据Gibbs function cr iter ion吉布斯吸附公式Gibbs adsorption for mula吉布斯自由能Gibbs free energy 敞开系统open system 超电势over potenti al 沉降sedi mentation沉降电势sedi mentation potential沉降平衡sedi mentation equilibrium触变thixotr opy粗分散系统thick disperse system 催化剂catal yst单分子层吸附理论mono molecule l ayer adsorpti on单分子反应un i mol ecu lar react io n单链反应弹式量热计straight chai n reacti ons bombcalorimet er道尔顿定律 D al ton l aw道尔顿分压定律Dalton parti al pressure law德拜和法尔肯哈根效应 D ebye and Falkenhagen eff ect德拜立方公式 D ebye cubi c formul a德拜－休克尔极限公式Deby e-Huckel's limit ing equation 等焓过程i senthal pic process等焓线isenthal pic line等几率定理等温等容位等温等压位等温方程低共熔点theor em of equal probabilityH el m hol tz f r ee ener gyGibbs fr ee en er gyequati on at constant temperature eutecti c point低共熔混合物eutecti c mixture低会溶点l ow er consol ute point低熔冰盐合晶cryohydri c第二类永动机perpetual machine of the second ki nd 第三定律熵third-l aw entropy第一类永动机perpetual machine of the fir st kind缔合化学吸附association chemical adsorpti on电池常数电池电动势电池反应cell c on st antelectromotive force of cell s cell react io n电 导 co nd u c tanc e 电 导 率 conducti vit y电 动 势 的 温 度 系 数 temperature coeffi cient of electromoti ve force 电 动 电 势 zeta p o tent ial 电 功 el ectr ic wo r k 电 化 学 electrochemi stry electrochemi cal polarizat ion电 极 电 势 electr ode potential 电 极 反 应 reacti ons on the electrode对 比 温 度 r educed t emp eratur e对 比 压 力 r educed p r essur e对 称 数 symmetr y number 对 行 反 应 reversi bl e reactions对 应 状 态 原 理 pri ncipl e of correspondi ng state 多 方 过 程 poly tropic process 多 分 子 层 吸 附 理 论 adsorption theory of mul ti-molecular layers反 应 分 子 数 mol ecul arity反 应 级 数 reacti on orders二级反应 seco nd orderreaction二级相变 seco nd orderp h as e c h a n ge法拉第常数 farad ay constant 法拉第定律 Far aday ' s l a w反电动势b ac k E. M. F.电化学极化电极种类 t ype o f electrod es 电 解 池 electrolyt ic cell 电 量 计coulom eter电 流 效 率 current eff iciency 电 迁 移 electro mi grati on 电 迁 移 率electromobil ity丁达尔效应 D yndall eff ect定容摩尔热容molar heat capaci ty under constant v olume定容温度计 定压摩尔热容 Constant v oI ume t hermometer molar heat capaci ty under constant pressure定域子系统 localized particle sy stem 动力学方程 动力学控制 kinet ic equat ions ki netics con tr ol独立子系统 independent particle syst em 对比摩尔体积 reduced mole v olume对比体积 reduced vol ume 电 渗 electroosmosi s 电 渗 析electrodialy sis 电 泳 el ectrophoresi s定压温度计 constant pressure ther mom eter高分子溶液 macromolecular sol uti on 高会溶点upper consol ute point反 应 进 度 ex tent of reacti on 反 应 热heat of react i o n反 应 速 率 r at e o f r eact i o n 反应速率常数 范德华常数 范德华方程 constant of reacti on rate van der Wa als constant van der Waals equat ion范德华力 v a n d e r Wa al s f or c e范德华气体 范特霍夫方程 范特霍夫规则van der Wa als gases van 't H of f equat ion v an 't H of f ru le范特霍夫渗透压公式 van 't Hoff equation of osmot ic pressure 非基元反应 non-elementary reacti ons 非 体 积 功 non-vol ume work 非 依 时 计 量 学 反 应 time independent stoichiometric reacti ons 菲 克 扩 散 第 一 定 律 Fick 's f irst law of diffusion沸 点boili ng point沸 点 升 高 elevation of boil ing point 费 M － 狄 拉 克 统 计 Fermi -Di rac stati sti cs 分 布 di st ri bution分 布 数 distribut ion numbers 分 解 电 压 decomposition volt age 分 配 定 律 distributi on law 分 散 系 统 disperse sy stem 分 散 相 disper sion phase 分 体 积 par ti al volume 分 体 积 定 律 partial vol ume law 分 压parti al pressure分 压 定 律 parti al pressure law分 子 反 应 力 学 mechani cs of molecular reactions分子间力 分子蒸馏 封闭 系统 i nt ermolecular f orce molecular di stil lati on clo sed syst em附加 弗罗 负极负吸 力 德利希吸附经验式excess pressu re Freundlich empi rical formula of adsorption附 复合反应 盖•吕萨克 盖斯定律 甘汞电极 感胶离子序 杠杆规则negative pol enegati ve adsorption compositereacti on 定 律 Gay-L ussac law He ss l a wcalomel el ectrodely otropic series l ever rul e隔离法the i solat ion method格罗塞斯－德雷珀定律Grotthus-D raoer's law隔离系统i sol ated syst em根均方速率r o o t - m e a n - sq u ar e s p ee d功wor k功函wo r k content共轭溶液conj ugate sol uti on共沸温度azeotropi c temperature构型熵conf i gurational entropy孤立系统i sol ated syst em固溶胶sol id so l固态混合物soli d sol uti on固相线sol id phase l i n e光反应photoreacti on光化学第二定律the second law of acti nochemi stry 光化学第一定律the first law of actinochemistry光敏反应photosensi tized reactions光谱熵spect ru m entr opy广度性质ex tensiv e propert y广延量ext ensi ve quanti ty广延性质ex tensiv e propert y规定熵stip ulated entrop y过饱和溶液oversaturated sol ution过饱和蒸气ov ersaturated v apor过程pr ocess过渡状态理论t ransi ti on state theory过冷水s uper-cooled w ater过冷液体overcooled l iquid过热八液体overheated l iquid亥姆霍兹函数Helmholt z funct ion亥姆霍兹函数判据Hel mhol tz f unc tion criteri on 亥姆霍兹自由能H el m hol tz f r ee en ergy亥氏函数Hel mholt z funct ion焓ent h al py亨利常数H enry constant亨利定律Henry l aw恒沸混合物const ant boi li ng mi x tu re恒容摩尔热八容molar heat capaci ty at constant v olume恒容热heat at constant v olume恒外压constant external pr essur e恒压摩尔热容molar heat capaci ty at constant pressure恒压热heat at con stant p ressur e化学动力学chemical ki netics化学反应计量式stoichiometr ic equation of chemical reaction化 学 反 应 计 量 系 数 stoichiometric coeffici ent of chemi cal reaction 化 学 反 应 进 度 extent of chemical react ion化 学 亲 合 势 chemical aff inity化 学 热 力 学 chemical thermodynami cs化 学 势 chemical potenti al化 学 势 判 据 chemical potential cri teri on化 学 吸 附chemi sorptions 环 境 envi ro n ment环 境 熵 变 entropy change in envi ronment挥 发 度 vol atil ity混 合 熵 ent ropy of mix ing混 合 物 mi x ture活 度 acti vity活 化 控 制 acti vation control活 化 络 合 物 理 论 activated compl ex theory活 化 能 activati on energy霍 根 -华 森 图 Hougen-Wa tson Chart基 态 能 级 energy level at gr ound state基 希 霍 夫 公 式 K i rchhoff f ormula基 元 反 应 elementary reacti ons积 分 溶 解 热 integrati on heat of dissolution吉 布 斯 － 杜 亥 姆 方 程 Gi bbs-Duhem equation吉 布 斯 － 亥 姆 霍 兹 方 程 Gibbs-Helmhotz equation 吉 布 斯 函 数 Gibbs f uncti on 吉 布 斯 函 数 判 据 Gibbs function cr iter ionGibbs adsorption for mula吉 氏 函 数 Gibbs functi on极 化 电 极 电 势 polari zation potential of electrode 极 化 曲 线 polarizat ion curves 极 化 作 用 polarizat ion极 限 摩 尔 电 导 率limi ti ng molar conductivity 几 率 因 子 steric f actor计 量 式 stoichiometri c equation计 量 系 数 stoi chiometric coeffici ent价 数 规 则r ul e of val ence 简 并 度degener acy 键 焓 bond en thalpy胶 冻broth jel ly 胶 核 coll oi dal nucleus 胶 凝 作 用 demul sifi cation 胶 束 m i c e l l e胶 体 coll oi d胶 体 分 散 系 统 dispersi on system of col loid吉布斯吸附公式 吉布斯自由能 Gi bbs free energy胶 体 化 学 collochemi stry胶 体 粒 子 coll oi dal particl es胶 团 micel le焦 耳 定 律 Joul e's law接 触 电 势 cont act potential接 触 角 contact ang le节 流 过 程 throttli ng process 节 流 膨 胀 throttling expansi on 节 流 膨 胀 系 数 coeffici ent of throttling expansion 结 线 t ie l ine 结 晶 热 heat of crystallizati on解 离 化 学 吸 附 dissociation chemical adsor ption 界 面 i nterf aces 界 面 张 力 surf ace tension浸 湿 i mmersion wetti ng浸 湿 功 immersi on w etti ng work精 馏 rect if y聚 （ 合 ） 电 解 质 pol yelectrol yte聚 沉 coagulati on聚 沉 值 coagul ati on v alue绝 对 反 应 速 率 理 论 absolute reacti on rate theory Kohlrausch 's L aw of Independent M igration of 可 能 的 电 解 质 potential electrol yte可 逆 电 池 reversibl e cell可 逆 过 程 rever sible process可 逆 过 程 方 程 reversibl e process equat ion 可 逆 体 积 功 rever sible volume work 可 逆 相 变 reversibl e phase change克 拉 佩 龙 方 程 Clapey ron equation克 劳 修 斯 不 等 式 Cl ausius i nequali ty 克 劳 修 斯 － 克 拉 佩 龙 方 程 Clausius- Clapeyron equation 控 制 步 骤 control step焦 耳 Jo u l e焦 耳 -汤姆 生实 验焦 耳 -汤姆 生系 数Joule-T homson Joule-T homson ex per im ent coeffi cient 焦 耳 -汤姆 生效 应 Joule-T homson effect 绝对熵 abso lu te entr op y绝对温标absolute temperature scal e 绝热过程 绝热量热计 adiabati c process adi abati c calori meter绝 热 指 数 adiabatic i ndex卡诺定理卡诺循环 开尔文公式 Car not theo r em Carnot cy cleK el vi n f or m u la柯诺瓦洛夫－吉布斯定律 K onovalov -Gibbs law科尔劳施离子独立运动定律库仑计coulometer扩散控制diffusion controll ed拉普拉斯方程L apl ace's equati on拉乌尔定律Raoul t law兰格缪尔－欣谢尔伍德机理Langmuir-Hinshelwood mechanism兰格缪尔吸附等温式Langmuir adsorption i sotherm formul a雷利公式Rayleigh equati on冷冻系数coefficient of refri geration冷却曲线cooling cur ve离解热heat of di ssoci ation离解压力dissociat ion pressure离域子系统non-locali zed particle systems离子的规范摩尔生成焓standard molar f ormation of ion离子的电迁移率mobilit y of i ons离子的迁移数t ransport number of i ons离子独立运动定律law of the independent migr ation of ions离子氛ionic atmosphere离子强度ioni c strength理想混合物per fect mi xture理想气体i deal gas理想气体的绝热指数adi abat ic i ndex of i deal gases理想气体的微观模型mi cro-model of ideal gas理想气体反应的等温方程isothermal equation of ideal gaseous reactions 理想气体绝热可逆过程方程adiabatic reversible process equation of i deal gase s理想气体状态方程state equation of i deal gas理想稀溶液ideal dil ute sol ution理想液态混合物perfect liquid mi xture粒子parti cles粒子的配分函数partition f uncti on of particles连串反应consecut iv e react ions链的传递物chain carr ier链反应chai n reacti ons量热熵cal or imetr ic entropy量子统计quant um statistics量子效率quantum yiel d临界参数cri ti cal paramet er临界常数crit ical constant临界点crit ical poi nt临界胶束浓度cri ti cal micell e concentration临界温度cri ti cal tem peratu re临界压力cri ti cal pr essu re临界状态 c ri ti cal state零级反应zero o r der reactio n流动电势streami ng potenti al流动功fl ow work笼罩效应 c age eff ect路易斯－兰德尔逸度规则Lewis-Randall rul e of fugacity 露点dew poi nt露点线dew point l in e麦克斯韦关系式M axw ell rel at ions麦克斯韦速率分布M axwel l distributi on of speeds麦克斯韦能量分布MaxwelIdi stri bution of energy毛细管凝结condensation in capi llary毛细现象capi llary phenomena临界摩尔体积cri tical molar vol umeM 凯利斯常数M i chael is constant摩尔电导率摩尔反应焓mol ar conductivi ty mol ar reacti on enthalpy摩尔混合熵摩尔气体常数mol e ent ropy of mix ing m o lar g as constan t摩尔热容摩尔溶解焓摩尔稀释焓molar heat capaci tymol e di ssoluti on enthal py mol e dilution enthal py内扩散控制internal diff usions control 内能i nternal en er gy内压力inter nal pressu re能级energy level s能级分布energy level di stri bution能量均分原理能斯特方程能斯特热定理principle of the equipartiti on of energy N ernst equati onN e r n st he at t h eo r em凝固点freezing poi nt。
常见的化工词汇中英文对照剖析
工艺流程连续过程间歇过程工艺叙述工艺特点continuous processbatch processprocess descriptionprocess feature燃烧引烧蒸馏碳化压缩combustionignitiondistillationcarbonizationcompression操作反应operationreaction化学物质及特性副反应絮凝浮洗倾析催化反应萃取side reactionflocculationflotationdecantationcatalytical reactionextraction固体液体气体化合物混合物粉solidliquidgascompoundmixturepowder中和水解过滤干燥还原氧化氢化分解离解合成吸收吸附解吸结晶溶解调节控制悬浮循环再生再活化沥取破碎煅烧沉降沉淀气化冷冻neutralizationhydrolysisfiltrationdryingreductionoxidationhydrogenationdecompositiondissociationsyntheticsabsorptionadsorptiondesorptioncrystallizationsolutionmodulatecontrolsuspensioncirculationregenerationreactivationleachingcrushingcaloinationsedimentationprecipitationgasificationrefrigeration片状粉未小粒结晶乳化物氧化物还原剂有机物真空母液富液贫液萃出物萃余物絮凝剂冷冻盐水酸度浓度碱度溶解度凝固点沸点熔点蒸发率粘度吸水的无水的外观无色的flakegranulecrystalemulsionoxidizing agentreducing agentorganic materialvacuummaster liquorrich liquorlean liquorextractraffinateflocculantsbrineacidityconcentrationalkalinitysolubilitysolidificalion pointboiling pointmelting pointevaporation rateviscositywater absorbent(a)anhydrous(a)appearancecolorless(a)固化、结晶solidification透明的transparent(a)包装升华packagesublimation半透明的密度translucentdensity比重催化剂燃烧引燃specific gravitycatalystcombustionignition手摇泵螺杆泵潜水泵斜转子泵hand(wobble)pumpscrew (spiral)pumpsubmersible pumpinclined rotor pump自然点可燃气体self-ignition temperaturecombustible gas封闭式电磁泵pumphermetically sealed magnetic drive可燃液体易燃液体爆炸混合物爆炸性环境爆炸极限inflammable liquidvolatile liquidexplosive mixtureexplosive atmosphere(environment)explosive concentration limit气升泵轴承叶轮虹吸管高压容器air-lift-pumpbearingimpellersiphonhigh pressure vessel废水废液废气waste waterwaste liquidoff-gas焚化炉火焰清除器工业炉incineratorflame arresterfurnace噪声成分挠度力和力矩弯矩noise pollutioncompositiondeflectionforce and momentbending moment烧嘴锅炉回转窑加热器电加热器burnerboilerrotary kilnheaterelectric heater应力-应变曲线stress-strain diagram冷却器cooler百分比环境温度工作温度设计温度相对湿度油渣、淤泥percentageambient temperatureoperatingdesign temperature(pressure)RH=relative humiditysludge冷凝器换热器反应器蒸馏釜搅拌器混合器condenserheat exchangerreactorstillagitatormixer杂质化工设备impurity静态混合器管道混合器混合槽static mixersline mixersmixing tanks泵轴流泵真空泵屏蔽泵柱塞泵涡轮泵涡流泵离心泵喷射泵转子泵管道泵pumpaxial flow pumpvacuum pumpcanned pumpplunger pumpturbine pumpvortex pumpcentrifugal pumpjet pumprotary pumpinline pump破碎机磨碎机研磨机球磨机过滤器分离器干燥器翅片烟囱火炬筛子crushergrinderpulverizerballmillfilterseparatordrierfinsstackflarescreen双作用往复泵double action reciprocating pump煅烧窑calciner计量泵深井泵齿轮泵metering pumpdeep well pumpgear pump倾析器蒸发器再沸器decanterevaporatorreboiler萃取器离心机extractorcentrifuger填料支持板定距管support platespacer吸附（收）器adsorber降液管downcomer结晶器crystallizer升气管chimney电解槽electrolyzer顶(底)层塔盘top (bottom)tray电除尘器洗涤器消石灰器料仓料斗加料器增稠器澄清器分级器浮洗器废液池喷射器喷头成套设备仪器设备附属设备electric precipitatorscrubberslakerbinhopperfeederthickenerclarifierclassifierflocculatorsumpejectorsprayerpackage unitapparatusaccessory挡板抽出口溢流堰泡罩筛板浮阀除沫器塔裙座椭圆封头高位槽中间槽加料槽补给槽计量槽电解槽溜槽baffledraw nozzleweirbubble capsieve platefloat valvedemister padskirtelliptical headhead tankintermediate tankfeed tankmake-up tankmeasuring tankcellchute旋转式压缩机往复式压缩机水环式压缩机螺杆式压缩机离心式压缩机多级压缩机固定床反应器流化床反应器rotary compressorreciprocating compressornash compressorhelical screw compressorcentrifugal compressormutiple stages compressorfixed bed reactorfluidized bed reactor收集槽液滴分离器稀释罐缓冲罐回流罐闪蒸罐浮顶罐内浮顶罐collecting tankknockout drumthinning tanksurge drumreflux drumflash drumfloating roof tankcovered floating roof tank管式反应器列管式换热器螺旋板式换热器tubular reactortubular heat exchangerspiral plate heat exchanger球罐气柜湿式气柜spheroidgas holderwet gas-holder萃取塔板式塔extraction columnplate column干式气柜螺旋式气柜dry gas-holderhelical gas-holder填料塔packed column星型放料器,旋转阀rotary valve洗涤塔吸收塔冷却塔精馏塔汽提塔再生塔scrubberabsorbercooling towerfractionating towerstripperregenerator抽滤器压滤器压滤机板框压滤器转鼓过滤器带式过滤器mutche filterfilter presspressure filterplate-and-fram filter pressrotary drum filterbelt filter造粒塔prill tower翻盘式过滤器塔附件tower accessories袋滤器bag filter液体分配（布）器liquid distributor旋风分离器cyclone separator盘式干燥箱compartment tray drier闸阀gate valve真空干燥器隧道式干燥器回转干燥器穿流循环干燥器vacuum driertunnel drierrotary drierthrough circulation drier平行双闸板楔形单闸板截止阀节流阀double disc parallel seatsplit wedgeglobe valvethrottle valve喷雾干燥器spray drier针阀needle valve气流干燥器圆盘式加料器pneumatic conveyor drierdish feeder角阀(角式截止阀) angle valveY型阀(截止阀) Y-valve(Y-body globe valve)螺旋式加料器颚式破碎机回转破碎机screw feederjaw crushergyratory crusher球阀三通球阀蝶阀ball valve3-way ball valvebutterfly valve滚洞破碎机roll crusher对夹式(薄片型) wafer type锤式破碎机冲击破碎机气流喷射粉碎机hammer crusherrotor impact breakerjet pulverizer偏心阀板蝶阀斜阀盘蝶阀连杆式蝶阀offset disc(eccentric)butterfly valvecanted disc butterfly valvelink butterfly valve棍磨机雷蒙机锤磨机辊磨机振动筛rod millraymond millhammer millroller millvibrating screen止回式蝶阀柱塞阀旋塞阀三通旋塞阀四通旋塞阀combined non-return butterfly valvepiston type valveplug valvethree-way plug valvefour-way plug valve回转筛风机rotary screenfan旋塞衬套旋塞cocksleeve cock罗茨鼓风机root's blower隔膜阀diaphragm valve起重机桥式起重机电动葫芦cranebridge cranemotor hoist橡胶衬里隔膜阀直通式隔膜阀夹紧式胶管阀rrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrssssssssssssssssssssssssspinch valve发电机generator止回阀check valve电动机汽轮机motorsteam turbine升降式止回阀旋启式止回阀落球式止回阀弹簧球式止回阀lift check valveswing check valveball check valvespring ball check valve管道工程piping engineering底阀foot valve1 阀门阀杆valvestem切断式止回阀活塞式止回阀stop check valvepiston check valve内螺纹阀杆inside screw翻板止回阀flap check valve阀座valve seat(body seat)蝶式止回阀butterfly check valve 阀座环、密封圈sealing ring安全泄气阀safety[SV]阀芯(包括密封圈,杆等) trim安全泄放阀relief valve[RV]阀盘阀体阀盖手轮discbodybonnethand wheel安全泄压阀杠杆重锤式罐底排污阀波纹管密封阀safety relief valvelever and weight typeflush-bottom tank valvebellow sealed valve手柄压盖hand level(handle)gland电磁阀电动阀solenoid (operated)valveelectrically(electric-motor)operated valve气动阀pneumatic operated valve电阻焊钢管electric-resistance-welded steel pipe低温用阀蒸汽疏水阀cryogenic service valvesteam trap电熔(弧)焊钢板卷管plate pipeelectric-fusion(arc)-welded steel-机械式疏水阀浮桶式疏水阀mechanical trapopen (top)bucket trap螺旋焊接钢管镀锌钢管spiral welded steel pipegalvanized steel pipe浮球式疏水阀倒吊桶式疏水阀自由浮球式疏水阀恒温式疏水阀float trapinverted bucket traploose float trapthermostatic trap排污阀集液排放阀排液阀放空阀blowdown valvedrip valvedrain valvevent valve压力平衡式恒温疏水阀thermostatic trap balanced pressure卸载阀排出阀unloading valvedischarge valve热动力式疏水阀脉冲式蒸汽疏水阀thermodynamic trapimpulse steam trap吸入阀取样阀suction valvesampling valve放汽阀(自动放汽阀) (automatic)air vent valve换向阀diverting(reversing)valve手动阀hand operated(manually-operated)valve呼吸阀breather valve(水)龙头bibb;bib;faucet减压阀pressure reducing valve抽出液阀(小阀) bleed valve控制阀执行机构差压调节阀切断阀调节阀快开阀快闭阀隔断阀三通阀夹套阀非旋转式阀control valveactuatordifferential pressure regulating valveblock (shut-off,stop)valveregulating valvequick opening valvequick closing valveisolating valvethree way valvejacketed valvenon-rotary valve旁路阀软管阀混合阀破真空阀冲洗阀根部阀水煤气钢管塑料管玻璃管橡胶管by-pass valvehose valvemixing valvevacuum breakerflush valveroot (primary,header)valvewater-gas steel pipeplastic pipeglass tuberubber tube2管子,管件,法兰壁厚wall thickness[WT]管子pipe(按标准制造的配管用管) tube(不按标准规格制造的其它用管)壁厚系列号加厚的,加强的schedule number[SCH.NO.]extra heavy(strong)钢管steel pipe双倍加厚的,双倍加强的double extra heavy(strong)铸铁管衬里管cast iron pipelined pipe弯头异径弯头elbowreducing elbow复合管碳钢管clad pipecarbon steel[C.S.]pipe长半径弯头短半径弯头long radius elbowshort radius elbow合金钢管不锈钢管alloy steel pipestainless steel[S.S.]pipe长半径180°弯头短半径180°弯头long radius returnshort radius return奥氏体不锈钢管austenitic stainless steel pipe三通tee铁合金钢管轧制钢管锻铁管无缝钢管焊接钢管ferritic alloy steel pipewrought-steel pipewrought-iron pipeseamless[SMLS]steel pipewelded steel pipe异径三通等径三通带支座三通45°斜三通Y型三通rrrrrrrrrrrsssssssssssbase tee45°lateraltrue"Y"四通异径管crossreducer消音器膨胀节silencerexpansion joint同心异径管偏心异径管管接头活接头concentric reducereccentric reducercoupling;full couplingunion波纹膨胀节补偿器软管接头快速接头bellowcompensatorhose connection[HC]quick coupling短管预制弯管U型弯管法兰端万向接头对焊的螺纹的承插焊的nipplefabricated pipe bend"U"bendflanged enduniversal jointbutt welded[BW]threaded[THD]socket welded[SW]金属软管橡胶管挠性管特殊法兰漏斗8字盲板爆破板metal hoserubber hoseflexible tubespecial flangefunnelspectacle(figure8)blindrupture disk法兰flange[FLG]4,其它材料整体管法兰钢管法兰螺纹法兰滑套法兰integral pipe flangesteel pipe flangethreaded flangeslip-on flange碳素钢不锈钢铸铁铝carbon steel [C.S.]stainless steel[S.S.]cast iron[C.I.]aluminum平焊法兰slip-on-welding flange铜,紫铜copper 承插焊法兰socket welding flange钛titanium松套法兰对焊法兰lap joint flange[LJF]weld neck flange[WNF]抗拉强度非金属材料tensile strengthnon-metallic material法兰盖异径法兰压力级突面凸面凹面blind flange;blindreducing flangepressure rating(class)raised face[RF]male facefemale face塑料陶瓷搪瓷玻璃橡胶垫片plasticceramicporcelain enamelglassrubbergasket[GSKT]全平面;满平面3.管道特殊件flat face;full face[FF]piping speciality平垫片填料型钢flat gasketpackingshaped steel粗滤器过滤器临时过滤器strainerfiltertemporary strainer(cone type)角钢槽钢工字钢angle steelchannelI-beamY型过滤器Y-type strainer宽缘工字钢或H钢wide flanged beamT型过滤器永久过滤器洗眼器及淋浴器T-type strainerpermanent filtereye washer and shower扁钢圆钢钢带flat barrrrrrrrrrr; rodssssssssss视镜阻火器sight glassflame arrester网络钢板材料表checkered platebill of material[BOM]喷咀;喷头喷射器spray nozzleejector材料统计散装材料material take-off[MTO]bulk material取样冷却器sample cooler综合管道材料表consolidated piping materialsummarysheet[CPMSS]图草图figuresketch汇总表summary sheet图例符号legend symbol5.设备布置及管道设计中心线center line装置边界boundary limit[BL]区界area limit设备布置equipment arrangement(layout);plot plan标高,立面elevation[EL]支撑点point of support[POS]工厂北向plant north方位orientation危险区hazardous area classification净正吸入压头net positive suction head绝对标高absolute elevation坐标coordinate管道研究piping study管道布置平面piping arrangement plan[PAP]管道布置piping assembly;layout详图detail"X"视图view "X""A-A" 剖视section"A-A"轴测图isometric drawing索引图key plan管道及仪表流程图piping and instrumentdiagram[P&ID]管口表list of nozzles地上管道above ground piping地下管道under ground piping管线号line number总管header;manifold旁路by pass常开normally open常闭normally closed取样接口sampling connection伴热管tracing pipe蒸汽伴热steam tracing热水伴热hot-water tracing电伴热electrical tracing夹套管jacketed line全夹套管full jacketed比例scale件号part n。
化工术语中英文
ammonia in excess ammonia liquefier ammonia plant ammonia product pump ammonia pump ammonia synthesis ammonium bicarbonate water stripper ammonium carbomate ammonium carbomate dehydrating to form urea ABC：ammonium carbonate AN：acryionitrile Analog instrument Analysis manual Analyzer cabinet Analyzer house Analyzer shelter Analyzers - Oxygen Zirconium Oxide Cell anchor bolt angel hair angle stair angle valve angles anion exchanger anit-sweat insulation annular chamber annular flow another train in spare antioxidant antiseptics antisurge, anti-surge anti-sweat antiswirl baffle (anti-swirl baffle) anti-whip anti-whip device anti-whip restraints AO：Analog Output APC：Advanced Process Control API：American Petroleum Institute Annex aqueous emmissions Ar：Argon arenes aromatics As：arsenic (As) arsine removal bed asbestos ash melting point ash treatment aspect ratio aspirator air assembly drawing Asset Management System(AMS) ASU：Air Seperation t
化学化工专业词汇英汉对照（文字版）
普通化学 General Chemistry分析化学 Analytical Chemistry有机化学 Organic Chemistry物理化学 Physical Chemistry谱学导论 Introducton of Spectroscopy无机化学 Inorganic Chemistry普通化学和分析化学实验 Experiments of General and Analytical Chemistry 现在基础化学 The Principle of Mordern Chemistry现在基础化学实验 Experiments of Modern Fundamental Chemistry 有机化学实验 Experiments of Organic Chemistry仪器分析和物理化学实验 Experiments of Instrumental Analysis and Physica 合成化学实验 Experiments of Synthetic Chemistry现代化学专题 Topic of Modern Chemistry化学综合实验 Experiments of Comprehensive Chemistry化工原理 Principle of Chemical Engineering化工原理实验 Experiments of Chemical Engineering应用化学实验 Experiments of Applied Chemistry无机合成化学 Synthetic Inorganic Chemistry近代分析化学 Modern Analytical Chemistry分离分析化学 Separation Analytical Chemistry有机化合物波谱鉴定 Spectrum Identification of Organic Compounds 有机合成及反应机理 Organic Synthesis and Mechanics化学进展 Progress in Chemistry化学反应工程 Chemical Reaction Engineering应用电化学 Applied Electrochemistry工业催化 Industrial Catalysis环境化学 Environmental Chemistry环境监测 Environmental Monitoring化学科技英语 Scientific English for Chemistry数理方法在化学中的应用 Mathematical Statistics for Chemistry化工制图 Chemical Engineering Cartography计算机与化学测量实验 Computer and Chemical Measurement化学信息学 Chemoinformatics or Chemical Informatics应用化学专题 Special Topics in Applied Chemistry方案(建议书)proposal可行性研究 feasibility study方案设计 concept design工艺设计 process design基础设计 basic design详细设计 detail design开工会议 - kick-off meeting审核会议 review meeting外商投资 foreign investment中外合资 joint venture中外合营 joint venture补偿贸易 compensation trade合同合同附件 contract卖方 vendor买方 buyer顾客 client承包商 contractor工程公司 company供应范围 scope of supply生产范围 production scope生产能力 production capacity项目 project界区 battery limit装置 plant公用工程 utilities工艺流程图 process flow diagram工艺流程方块图 process block diagram管道及仪表流程图 piping and instrument drawing物料及热量平衡图 mass & heat balance diagram蒸汽及冷凝水平衡图 steam & condensate balance diagram 设备布置图 equipment layout设备表 equipment list成品(产品)() product(final product)副产品 by-product原料 raw-material设计基础数据 basic data for design技术数据 technical data数据表 data sheet设计文件 design document设计规定 design regulation现场服务 site service项目变更 project change用户变更 client change消耗定额 consumption quota技术转让 technical transfer技术知识 - technical know-howtechnical knowledge技术保证 technical guarantee咨询服务 consultative services技术服务 technical services工作地点 location施工现场 construction field报价 quotation标书 bidding book公司利润 company profit固定价合同 fixed price contract固定单价合同 fixed unit price contract成本加酬金合同 cost plus award fee contract定金 mobilization银行保证书 bank guarantee letter保留金 retention所得税 income taxes特别承包人税 special contractor's taxes城市和市政税 city and municipal taxes工作手册 work manual工作流程图 work flow diagram质量保证程序 QA/QC procedures采购计划 procurement plan施工计划 construction plan施工进度 construction schedule项目实施计划 project execution plan项目协调程序 project coordination procedure项目总进度计划 project master schedule设计网络计划 engineering network logic项目质量保证 project quality assurance项目质量控制 project quality control采购 procurement采购周期 procurement period会签 the squad check计算书 calculation sheets询价 inquiry检验 inspection运输 transportation开车 start up / commission验收 inspection & acceptance校核 check审核 review审定 approve版次 version部门 department专业 specialty项目号 project number图号 drawing number目录 contents序言 foreword章 chapter节 section项 itemMR material requisitionSPEC engineering specification（技术表）DATA SHEET（） technical data sheet(技术评标）TBA(） technical bid analysisPDP preliminary design package(项目经理)PM () project manager(专业负责人LDE( lead discipline engineer(材料询价单)MRQ() Material requisition for quotation(材料采购单)MRP() material requisition for purchase(基础工程设计包)BEP() basic engineering package&(管道及仪表流程图) ()P&ID() piping and instrument drawing(diagram)PFD process flow diagramNNF normally no flowFO failure openFC failure closeC/S/A civil/structure/architecture（详细设计阶段）DDP（） detail design phase二. 工艺流程.连续过程continuous process 间歇过程batch process工艺叙述process description 工艺特点process feature操作operation反应reaction副反应side reaction絮凝flocculation浮洗flotation倾析decantation催化反应catalytical reaction 萃取extraction中和neutralization水解hydrolysis过滤filtration干燥drying还原reduction氧化oxidation氢化hydrogenation分解decomposition离解dissociation合成synthetics吸收absorption吸附adsorption解吸desorption结晶crystallization溶解solution调节modulate控制control悬浮suspension循环circulation再生regeneration再活化reactivation沥取leaching破碎crushing煅烧caloination沉降sedimentation沉淀precipitation气化gasification冷冻refrigeration固化、结晶、solidification包装package升华sublimation燃烧combustion引烧ignition蒸馏distillation碳化carbonization压缩compression三、化学物质及特性固体solid液体liquid气体gas化合物compound混合物mixture粉powder片状粉未flake小粒granule结晶crystal乳化物emulsion氧化物oxidizing agent还原剂reducing agent有机物organic material真空vacuum母液master liquor富液rich liquor贫液lean liquor萃出物extract萃余物raffinate絮凝剂flocculants冷冻盐水brine酸度acidity浓度concentration碱度alkalinity溶解度solubility凝固点solidificalion point沸点boiling point熔点melting point蒸发率evaporation rate粘度viscosity吸水的 ()water absorbent(a)无水的()anhydrous(a)外观appearance无色的()colorless(a)透明的()transparent(a)半透明的translucent密度density比重specific gravity催化剂catalyst燃烧combustion引燃ignition自然点-self-ignition temperature可燃气体combustible gas可燃液体inflammable liquid易燃液体volatile liquid爆炸混合物explosive mixture爆炸性环境 ()explosive atmosphere(environment)爆炸极限explosive concentration limit废水waste water废液waste liquid废气-off-gas噪声noise pollution成分composition挠度deflection力和力矩force and moment弯矩bending moment应力-应变曲线--stress-strain diagram百分比percentage环境温度ambient temperature工作温度operating设计温度 ()design temperature(pressure)相对湿度=RH=relative humidity油渣、淤泥sludge杂质impurity四、化工设备泵pump轴流泵axial flow pump真空泵vacuum pump屏蔽泵canned pump柱塞泵plunger pump涡轮泵turbine pump涡流泵vortex pump离心泵centrifugal pump喷射泵jet pump转子泵rotary pump管道泵inline pump双作用往复泵double action reciprocating pump计量泵metering pump深井泵deep well pump齿轮泵gear pump手摇泵()hand(wobble) pump螺杆泵 ()screw (spiral) pump潜水泵submersible pump斜转子泵inclined rotor pump封闭式电磁泵hermetically sealed magnetic drive pump 气升泵--air-lift-pump轴承bearing叶轮impeller虹吸管siphon高压容器high pressure vessel焚化炉incinerator火焰清除器flame arrester工业炉furnace烧嘴burner锅炉boiler回转窑rotary kiln加热器heater电加热器electric heater冷却器cooler冷凝器condenser换热器heat exchanger反应器reactor蒸馏釜still搅拌器agitator混合器mixer静态混合器static mixers管道混合器line mixers混合槽mixing tanks破碎机crusher磨碎机grinder研磨机pulverizer球磨机ballmill过滤器filter分离器separator干燥器drier翅片fins烟囱stack火炬flare筛子screen煅烧窑calciner倾析器decanter蒸发器evaporator再沸器reboiler萃取器extractor离心机centrifuger吸附（收）器adsorber结晶器crystallizer电解槽electrolyzer电除尘器electric precipitator洗涤器scrubber消石灰器slaker料仓bin料斗hopper加料器feeder增稠器thickener澄清器clarifier分级器classifier浮洗器flocculator废液池sump喷射器ejector喷头sprayer成套设备package unit仪器设备apparatus附属设备accessory旋转式压缩机rotary compressor往复式压缩机reciprocating compressor 水环式压缩机nash compressor螺杆式压缩机helical screw compressor 离心式压缩机centrifugal compressor多级压缩机mutiple stages compressor固定床反应器fixed bed reactor流化床反应器fluidized bed reactor管式反应器tubular reactor列管式换热器tubular heat exchanger螺旋板式换热器spiral plate heat exchanger 萃取塔extraction column板式塔plate column填料塔packed column洗涤塔scrubber吸收塔absorber冷却塔cooling tower精馏塔fractionating tower汽提塔stripper再生塔regenerator造粒塔prill tower塔附件tower accessories液体分配（布）器liquid distributor填料支持板support plate定距管spacer降液管downcomer升气管chimney顶(底)层塔盘 ()()top (bottom) tray挡板baffle抽出口draw nozzle溢流堰weir泡罩bubble cap筛板sieve plate浮阀float valve除沫器demister pad塔裙座skirt椭圆封头elliptical head高位槽head tank中间槽intermediate tank加料槽feed tank补给槽-make-up tank计量槽measuring tank电解槽cell溜槽chute收集槽collecting tank液滴分离器knockout drum稀释罐thinning tank缓冲罐surge drum回流罐reflux drum闪蒸罐flash drum浮顶罐floating roof tank内浮顶罐covered floating roof tank 球罐spheroid气柜gas holder湿式气柜 -wet gas-holder干式气柜 -dry gas-holder螺旋式气柜 -helical gas-holder星型放料器,旋转阀,rotary valve抽滤器mutche filter压滤器filter press压滤机pressure filter板框压滤器--plate-and-fram filter press 转鼓过滤器rotary drum filter带式过滤器belt filter翻盘式过滤器袋滤器bag filter旋风分离器cyclone separator盘式干燥箱compartment tray drier 真空干燥器vacuum drier隧道式干燥器tunnel drier回转干燥器rotary drier穿流循环干燥器through circulation drier 喷雾干燥器spray drier气流干燥器pneumatic conveyor drier 圆盘式加料器dish feeder螺旋式加料器screw feeder颚式破碎机jaw crusher回转破碎机gyratory crusher滚洞破碎机roll crusher锤式破碎机hammer crusher冲击破碎机rotor impact breaker气流喷射粉碎机jet pulverizer棍磨机rod mill雷蒙机raymond mill锤磨机hammer mill辊磨机roller mill振动筛vibrating screen回转筛rotary screen风机fan罗茨鼓风机roots blower起重机crane桥式起重机bridge crane电动葫芦motor hoist发电机generator电动机motor汽轮机steam turbine五、管道工程piping engineering阀门 valve阀杆stem内螺纹阀杆inside screw阀座 ( )valve seat (body seat)阀座环、密封圈sealing ring阀芯(包括密封圈,杆等)(,)trim阀盘disc阀体body阀盖bonnet手轮hand wheel手柄 ()hand level (handle)压盖gland闸阀gate valve平行双闸板double disc parallel seat楔形单闸板split wedge截止阀globe valve节流阀throttle valve针阀needle valve角阀(角式截止阀)()angle valve型阀(截止阀)-(- )Y()Y-valve(Y-body globe valve)球阀ball valve三通球阀3-3-way ball valve蝶阀butterfly valve对夹式(薄片型)()wafer type偏心阀板蝶阀 ()offset disc (eccentric) butterfly valve斜阀盘蝶阀canted disc butterfly valve连杆式蝶阀link butterfly valve止回式蝶阀 -combined non-return butterfly valve柱塞阀piston type valve旋塞阀plug valve三通旋塞阀-three-way plug valve四通旋塞阀-four-way plug valve旋塞cock衬套旋塞sleeve cock隔膜阀diaphragm valve橡胶衬里隔膜阀rubber lined diaphragm valve直通式隔膜阀straight way diaphragm valve夹紧式胶管阀pinch valve止回阀check valve升降式止回阀lift check valve旋启式止回阀swing check valve落球式止回阀ball check valve弹簧球式止回阀spring ball check valve底阀foot valve切断式止回阀stop check valve活塞式止回阀piston check valve翻板止回阀flap check valve蝶式止回阀butterfly check valve安全泄气阀[]safety[SV]安全泄放阀 []relief valve[RV]安全泄压阀safety relief valve杠杆重锤式lever and weight type罐底排污阀-flush-bottom tank valve波纹管密封阀bellow sealed valve电磁阀 ()solenoid (operated) valve电动阀(-)electrically(electric-motor)operated valve 气动阀pneumatic operated valve低温用阀cryogenic service valve蒸汽疏水阀steam trap机械式疏水阀mechanical trap浮桶式疏水阀 ()open (top) bucket trap浮球式疏水阀float trap倒吊桶式疏水阀inverted bucket trap自由浮球式疏水阀loose float trap恒温式疏水阀thermostatic trap压力平衡式恒温疏水阀balanced pressure thermostatic trap热动力式疏水阀thermodynamic trap脉冲式蒸汽疏水阀impulse steam trap放汽阀(自动放汽阀)()()(automatic) air vent valve换向阀 ()diverting (reversing) valve呼吸阀breather valve减压阀pressure reducing valve控制阀control valve执行机构actuator差压调节阀differential pressure regulating valve切断阀 (-, )block (shut-off, stop) valve调节阀regulating valve快开阀quick opening valve快闭阀quick closing valve隔断阀isolating valve三通阀three way valve夹套阀jacketed valve非旋转式阀-non-rotary valve2管子,管件,法兰管子(按标准制造的配管用管)pipe()(不按标准规格制造的其它用管)tube()钢管steel pipe铸铁管cast iron pipe衬里管lined pipe复合管clad pipe碳钢管 [..]carbon steel[C.S.]pipe合金钢管alloy steel pipe不锈钢管 [..]stainless steel[S.S.]pipe奥氏体不锈钢管austenitic stainless steel pipe铁合金钢管ferritic alloy steel pipe轧制钢管-wrought-steel pipe锻铁管-wrought-iron pipe无缝钢管[]seamless[SMLS] steel pipe焊接钢管welded steel pipe电阻焊钢管--electric-resistance-welded steel pipe电熔(弧)焊钢板卷管-()- -()electric-fusion(arc)-welded steel-plate pipe 螺旋焊接钢管spiral welded steel pipe镀锌钢管galvanized steel pipe排污阀blowdown valve集液排放阀drip valve排液阀drain valve放空阀vent valve卸载阀unloading valve排出阀discharge valve吸入阀suction valve取样阀sampling valve手动阀 (-)hand operated(manually-operated) valve (水)龙头;;()bibb;bib;faucet抽出液阀(小阀)()bleed valve旁路阀-by-pass valve软管阀hose valve混合阀mixing valve破真空阀vacuum breaker冲洗阀flush valve根部阀 (, )root (primary, header) valve水煤气钢管-water-gas steel pipe塑料管plastic pipe玻璃管glass tube橡胶管rubber tube壁厚 []wall thickness[WT]壁厚系列号 [..]schedule number[SCH.NO.]加厚的,加强的 (),extra heavy (strong)双倍加厚的,双倍加强的 (),double extra heavy (strong)弯头elbow异径弯头reducing elbow长半径弯头long radius elbow短半径弯头short radius elbow长半径180°弯头180°long radius return短半径180°弯头180°short radius return三通tee异径三通reducing tee等径三通straight tee带支座三通base tee45°斜三通45°45°45°lateral型三通""Ytrue"Y"四通cross异径管reducer同心异径管concentric reducer偏心异径管eccentric reducer管接头;coupling;full coupling活接头union短管nipple预制弯管fabricated pipe bend型弯管""U"U"bend法兰端flanged end万向接头universal joint对焊的 []butt welded[BW]螺纹的[]threaded[THD]承插焊的 []socket welded[SW]法兰[]flange[FLG]整体管法兰integral pipe flange钢管法兰steel pipe flange螺纹法兰threaded flange滑套法兰-slip-on flange平焊法兰--slip-on-welding flange承插焊法兰socket welding flange松套法兰 []lap joint flange[LJF]对焊法兰 []weld neck flange[WNF]法兰盖 ;blind flange;blind异径法兰reducing flange压力级 ()pressure rating(class)突面 []raised face[RF]凸面male face凹面female face全平面;满平面 ; [];flat face;full face[FF]3.管道特殊件 3.piping speciality粗滤器strainer过滤器filter临时过滤器 ( )temporary strainer(cone type)型过滤器-YY-type strainer型过滤器-TT-type strainer永久过滤器permanent filter洗眼器及淋浴器eye washer and shower视镜sight glass阻火器flame arrester喷咀;喷头;spray nozzle喷射器ejector取样冷却器sample cooler消音器silencer膨胀节expansion joint波纹膨胀节bellow补偿器compensator软管接头 []hose connection[HC]快速接头quick coupling金属软管metal hose橡胶管rubber hose挠性管flexible tube特殊法兰special flange漏斗funnel8字盲板 ( 8)8spectacle (figure 8) blind爆破板rupture disk4,其它材料4碳素钢 [..]carbon steel [C.S.]不锈钢 [..]stainless steel[S.S.]铸铁 [..]cast iron[C.I.]铝aluminum铜,紫铜,copper钛titanium抗拉强度tensile strength非金属材料-non-metallic material塑料plastic陶瓷ceramic搪瓷porcelain enamel玻璃glass橡胶rubber垫片[]gasket[GSKT]平垫片flat gasket填料packing型钢shaped steel角钢angle steel槽钢channel工字钢-I-beam宽缘工字钢或钢Hwide flanged beam扁钢flat bar圆钢 ;round steel; rod钢带strap steel网络钢板checkered plate材料表 []bill of material[BOM]材料统计 -[]material take-off[MTO]散装材料bulk material综合管道材料表consolidated piping material summary []sheet[CPMSS]汇总表summary sheet5.设备布置及管道设计中心线center line装置边界 []boundary limit[BL]区界area limit设备布置 ();equipment arrangement (layout);plot plan 标高,立面[],elevation[EL]支撑点 []point of support[POS]工厂北向plant north方位orientation危险区hazardous area classification净正吸入压头net positive suction head绝对标高absolute elevation坐标coordinate管道研究piping study管道布置平面 []piping arrangement plan[PAP]管道布置 ;piping assembly; layout详图detail""视图 """X"view "X""-" 剖视 "-""A-A" section "A-A"轴测图isometric drawing索引图key plan管道及仪表流程图 [&]piping and instrument diagram[P&ID]管口表list of nozzles地上管道above ground piping地下管道under ground piping管线号line number总管;header; manifold旁路by pass常开normally open常闭normally closed取样接口sampling connection伴热管tracing pipe蒸汽伴热steam tracing热水伴热-hot-water tracing电伴热electrical tracing 夹套管jacketed line全夹套管full jacketed比例scale图figure草图sketch图例legend符号symbol件号part n。
化工专业词汇中英文对照
1 管道组成件Piping component1.1 管子Pipe管子（按照配管标准规格制造的）pipe管子（不按配管标准规格制造的其他用管）tube钢管steel pipe铸铁管cast iron pipe衬里管lined pipe复合管clad pipe碳钢管carbon steel pipe合金钢管alloy steel pipe不锈钢stainless steel pipe奥氏体不锈钢管austenitic stainless steel pipe铁合金钢管ferritic alloy steel pipe轧制钢管wrought—steel pipe锻铁管wrought—iron pipe无缝钢管seamless （SMLS) steel pipe焊接钢管welded steel pipe电阻焊钢管electric—resistance welded steel pipe电熔（弧）焊钢板卷管electric-fusion （arc)-welded steel-plate pipe螺旋焊接钢管spiral welded steel pipe镀锌钢管galvanized steel pipe热轧无缝钢管hot-rolling seamless pipe冷拔无缝钢管cold-drawing seamless pipe水煤气钢管water-gas steel pipe塑料管plastic pipe玻璃管glass tube橡胶管rubber tube直管run pipe; straight pipe1.2 管件Fitting弯头elbow异径弯头reducing elbow带支座弯头base elbowk半径弯头long radius elbow短半径弯头short radius elbow长半径180°弯头long radius return短半径180°弯头short radius return带侧向口的弯头（右向或左向）side outlet elbow （right hand or left hand) 双支管弯头（形）double branch elbow三通tee异径三通reducing tee等径三通straight tee带侧向口的三通（右向或左向）side outlet tee (right hand or 1eft hand)异径三通(分支口为异径) reducing tee （reducing on outlet）异径三通（一个直通口为异径）reducing tee （reducing on one run）带支座三通base tee异径三通（一个直通口及分支口为异径) reducing tee (reducing on one run and outlet）异径三通（两个直通口为异径，双头式）reducing tee (reducing on both runs，bull head)45°斜三通45° lateral45°斜三通（支管为异径）45° lateral (reducing on branch）45°斜三通（一个直通口为异径) 45° lateral （reducing on one run)45°斜三通(一个直通口及支管为异径) 45° lateral （reducing on one run and branch)Y型三通（俗称裤衩）true “Y"四通cross等径四通straight cross异径四通reducing cross异径四通(一个分支口为异径）reducing cross （reducing on one outlet）异径四通（一个直通口及分支口为异径）reducing cross （reducing on one run and outlet)异径四通（两个分支口为异径）reducing cross （reducing on both outlet)异径四通（一个直通口及两个分支口为异径）reducing cross (reducing on one run and both outlet) 异径管reducer同心异径管concentric reducer偏心异径管eccentric reducer锻制异径管reducing swage螺纹支管台threadolet焊接支管台weldolet承插支管台sockolet弯头支管台elbolet斜接支管台latrolet镶入式支管嘴sweepolet短管支管台nipolet支管台。
常用化工词汇中英文对照汇总
工艺流程连续过程 continuous process 间歇过程 batch process工艺叙述 process description 工艺特点 process feature操作 operation反应 reaction副反应 side reaction絮凝 flocculation浮洗 flotation倾析 decantation催化反应 catalytical reaction 萃取 extraction中和 neutralization水解 hydrolysis过滤 filtration干燥 drying还原 reduction氧化 oxidation氢化 hydrogenation分解 decomposition离解 dissociation合成 synthetics吸收 absorption吸附 adsorption解吸 desorption结晶 crystallization溶解 solution调节 modulate控制 control悬浮 suspension循环 circulation再生 regeneration再活化 reactivation沥取 leaching破碎 crushing煅烧 caloination沉降 sedimentation沉淀 precipitation气化 gasification冷冻 refrigeration固化、结晶 solidification包装 package升华 sublimation燃烧 combustion引烧 ignition蒸馏 distillation碳化 carbonization压缩 compression化学物质及特性固体 solid液体 liquid气体 gas化合物 compound混合物 mixture粉 powder片状粉未 flake小粒 granule结晶 crystal乳化物 emulsion氧化物 oxidizing agent还原剂 reducing agent有机物 organic material真空 vacuum母液 master liquor富液 rich liquor贫液 lean liquor萃出物 extract萃余物 raffinate絮凝剂 flocculants冷冻盐水 brine酸度 acidity浓度 concentration碱度 alkalinity溶解度 solubility凝固点 solidificalion point 沸点 boiling point熔点 melting point蒸发率 evaporation rate粘度 viscosity吸水的 water absorbent(a) 无水的 anhydrous(a)外观 appearance无色的 colorless(a)透明的 transparent(a)半透明的 translucent密度 density比重 specific gravity催化剂 catalyst燃烧 combustion引燃 ignition自然点 self-ignition temperature可燃气体 combustible gas可燃液体 inflammable liquid易燃液体 volatile liquid爆炸混合物 explosive mixture爆炸性环境 explosive atmosphere(environment) 爆炸极限 explosive concentration limit废水 waste water废液 waste liquid废气 off-gas噪声 noise pollution成分 composition挠度 deflection力和力矩 force and moment弯矩 bending moment应力-应变曲线 stress-strain diagram百分比 percentage环境温度 ambient temperature工作温度 operating设计温度 design temperature(pressure)相对湿度 RH=relative humidity油渣、淤泥 sludge杂质 impurity化工设备泵 pump轴流泵 axial flow pump真空泵 vacuum pump屏蔽泵 canned pump柱塞泵 plunger pump涡轮泵 turbine pump涡流泵 vortex pump离心泵 centrifugal pump喷射泵 jet pump转子泵 rotary pump管道泵 inline pump双作用往复泵 double action reciprocating pump 计量泵 metering pump深井泵 deep well pump齿轮泵 gear pump手摇泵 hand(wobble) pump螺杆泵 screw (spiral) pump潜水泵 submersible pump斜转子泵 inclined rotor pump封闭式电磁泵 hermetically sealed magnetic drive pump 气升泵 air-lift-pump轴承 bearing叶轮 impeller虹吸管 siphon高压容器 high pressure vessel焚化炉 incinerator火焰清除器 flame arrester工业炉 furnace烧嘴 burner锅炉 boiler回转窑 rotary kiln加热器 heater电加热器 electric heater冷却器 cooler冷凝器 condenser换热器 heat exchanger反应器 reactor蒸馏釜 still搅拌器 agitator混合器 mixer静态混合器 static mixers管道混合器 line mixers混合槽 mixing tanks破碎机 crusher磨碎机 grinder研磨机 pulverizer球磨机 ballmill过滤器 filter分离器 separator干燥器 drier翅片 fins烟囱 stack火炬 flare筛子 screen煅烧窑 calciner倾析器 decanter蒸发器 evaporator再沸器 reboiler萃取器 extractor离心机 centrifuger吸附（收）器 adsorber结晶器 crystallizer电解槽 electrolyzer电除尘器 electric precipitator洗涤器 scrubber消石灰器 slaker料仓 bin料斗 hopper加料器 feeder增稠器 thickener澄清器 clarifier分级器 classifier浮洗器 flocculator废液池 sump喷射器 ejector喷头 sprayer成套设备 package unit仪器设备 apparatus附属设备 accessory旋转式压缩机 rotary compressor往复式压缩机 reciprocating compressor水环式压缩机 nash compressor螺杆式压缩机 helical screw compressor离心式压缩机 centrifugal compressor多级压缩机 mutiple stages compressor固定床反应器 fixed bed reactor流化床反应器 fluidized bed reactor管式反应器 tubular reactor列管式换热器 tubular heat exchanger螺旋板式换热器 spiral plate heat exchanger 萃取塔 extraction column板式塔 plate column填料塔 packed column洗涤塔 scrubber吸收塔 absorber冷却塔 cooling tower精馏塔 fractionating tower汽提塔 stripper再生塔 regenerator造粒塔 prill tower塔附件 tower accessories液体分配（布）器 liquid distributor填料支持板 support plate定距管 spacer降液管 downcomer升气管 chimney顶(底)层塔盘 top (bottom) tray挡板 baffle抽出口 draw nozzle溢流堰 weir泡罩 bubble cap筛板 sieve plate浮阀 float valve除沫器 demister pad塔裙座 skirt椭圆封头 elliptical head高位槽 head tank中间槽 intermediate tank加料槽 feed tank补给槽 make-up tank计量槽 measuring tank电解槽 cell溜槽 chute收集槽 collecting tank液滴分离器 knockout drum稀释罐 thinning tank缓冲罐 surge drum回流罐 reflux drum闪蒸罐 flash drum浮顶罐 floating roof tank内浮顶罐 covered floating roof tank球罐 spheroid气柜 gas holder湿式气柜 wet gas-holder干式气柜 dry gas-holder螺旋式气柜 helical gas-holder星型放料器,旋转阀 rotary valve抽滤器 mutche filter压滤器 filter press压滤机 pressure filter板框压滤器 plate-and-fram filter press 转鼓过滤器 rotary drum filter带式过滤器 belt filter翻盘式过滤器袋滤器 bag filter旋风分离器 cyclone separator盘式干燥箱 compartment tray drier真空干燥器 vacuum drier隧道式干燥器 tunnel drier回转干燥器 rotary drier穿流循环干燥器 through circulation drier 喷雾干燥器 spray drier气流干燥器 pneumatic conveyor drier圆盘式加料器 dish feeder螺旋式加料器 screw feeder颚式破碎机 jaw crusher回转破碎机 gyratory crusher滚洞破碎机 roll crusher锤式破碎机 hammer crusher冲击破碎机 rotor impact breaker气流喷射粉碎机 jet pulverizer棍磨机 rod mill雷蒙机 raymond mill锤磨机 hammer mill辊磨机 roller mill振动筛 vibrating screen回转筛 rotary screen风机 fan罗茨鼓风机 root's blower起重机 crane桥式起重机 bridge crane电动葫芦 motor hoist发电机 generator电动机 motor汽轮机 steam turbine管道工程 piping engineering1 阀门 valve阀杆 stem内螺纹阀杆 inside screw阀座 valve seat (body seat)阀座环、密封圈 sealing ring阀芯(包括密封圈,杆等) trim阀盘 disc阀体 body阀盖 bonnet手轮 hand wheel手柄 hand level (handle)压盖 gland闸阀 gate valve平行双闸板 double disc parallel seat楔形单闸板 split wedge截止阀 globe valve节流阀 throttle valve针阀 needle valve角阀(角式截止阀) angle valveY型阀(截止阀) Y-valve(Y-body globe valve)球阀 ball valve三通球阀 3-way ball valve蝶阀 butterfly valve对夹式(薄片型) wafer type偏心阀板蝶阀 offset disc (eccentric) butterfly valve 斜阀盘蝶阀 canted disc butterfly valve连杆式蝶阀 link butterfly valve止回式蝶阀 combined non-return butterfly valve柱塞阀 piston type valve旋塞阀 plug valve三通旋塞阀 three-way plug valve四通旋塞阀 four-way plug valve旋塞 cock衬套旋塞 sleeve cock隔膜阀 diaphragm valve橡胶衬里隔膜阀 rubber lined diaphragm valve直通式隔膜阀 straight way diaphragm valve夹紧式胶管阀 pinch valve止回阀 check valve升降式止回阀 lift check valve旋启式止回阀 swing check valve落球式止回阀 ball check valve弹簧球式止回阀 spring ball check valve底阀 foot valve切断式止回阀 stop check valve活塞式止回阀 piston check valve翻板止回阀 flap check valve蝶式止回阀 butterfly check valve安全泄气阀 safety[SV]安全泄放阀 relief valve[RV]安全泄压阀 safety relief valve杠杆重锤式 lever and weight type罐底排污阀 flush-bottom tank valve波纹管密封阀 bellow sealed valve电磁阀 solenoid (operated) valve电动阀 electrically(electric-motor)operated valve气动阀 pneumatic operated valve低温用阀 cryogenic service valve蒸汽疏水阀 steam trap机械式疏水阀 mechanical trap浮桶式疏水阀 open (top) bucket trap浮球式疏水阀 float trap倒吊桶式疏水阀 inverted bucket trap自由浮球式疏水阀 loose float trap恒温式疏水阀 thermostatic trap压力平衡式恒温疏水阀 balanced pressure thermostatic trap热动力式疏水阀 thermodynamic trap脉冲式蒸汽疏水阀 impulse steam trap放汽阀(自动放汽阀) (automatic) air vent valve换向阀 diverting (reversing) valve呼吸阀 breather valve减压阀 pressure reducing valve控制阀 control valve执行机构 actuator差压调节阀 differential pressure regulating valve切断阀 block (shut-off, stop) valve调节阀 regulating valve快开阀 quick opening valve快闭阀 quick closing valve隔断阀 isolating valve三通阀 three way valve夹套阀 jacketed valve非旋转式阀 non-rotary valve2管子,管件,法兰管子 pipe(按标准制造的配管用管)tube(不按标准规格制造的其它用管)钢管 steel pipe铸铁管 cast iron pipe衬里管 lined pipe复合管 clad pipe碳钢管 carbon steel[C.S.]pipe合金钢管 alloy steel pipe不锈钢管 stainless steel[S.S.]pipe奥氏体不锈钢管 austenitic stainless steel pipe铁合金钢管 ferritic alloy steel pipe轧制钢管 wrought-steel pipe锻铁管 wrought-iron pipe无缝钢管 seamless[SMLS] steel pipe焊接钢管 welded steel pipe电阻焊钢管 electric-resistance-welded steel pipe电熔(弧)焊钢板卷管 electric-fusion(arc)-welded steel-plate pipe螺旋焊接钢管 spiral welded steel pipe镀锌钢管 galvanized steel pipe排污阀 blowdown valve集液排放阀 drip valve排液阀 drain valve放空阀 vent valve卸载阀 unloading valve排出阀 discharge valve吸入阀 suction valve取样阀 sampling valve手动阀 hand operated(manually-operated) valve(水)龙头 bibb;bib;faucet抽出液阀(小阀) bleed valve旁路阀 by-pass valve软管阀 hose valve混合阀 mixing valve破真空阀 vacuum breaker冲洗阀 flush valve根部阀 root (primary, header) valve水煤气钢管 water-gas steel pipe塑料管 plastic pipe玻璃管 glass tube橡胶管 rubber tube壁厚 wall thickness[WT]壁厚系列号 schedule number[SCH.NO.]加厚的,加强的 extra heavy (strong)双倍加厚的,双倍加强的 double extra heavy (strong) 弯头 elbow异径弯头 reducing elbow长半径弯头 long radius elbow短半径弯头 short radius elbow长半径180°弯头 long radius return短半径180°弯头 short radius return三通 tee异径三通 reducing tee等径三通 straight tee带支座三通 base tee45°斜三通45°lateralY型三通 true"Y"四通 cross异径管 reducer同心异径管 concentric reducer偏心异径管 eccentric reducer管接头 coupling;full coupling活接头 union短管 nipple预制弯管 fabricated pipe bendU型弯管 "U"bend法兰端 flanged end万向接头 universal joint对焊的 butt welded[BW]螺纹的 threaded[THD]承插焊的 socket welded[SW]法兰 flange[FLG]整体管法兰 integral pipe flange钢管法兰 steel pipe flange螺纹法兰 threaded flange滑套法兰 slip-on flange平焊法兰 slip-on-welding flange承插焊法兰 socket welding flange松套法兰 lap joint flange[LJF]对焊法兰 weld neck flange[WNF]法兰盖 blind flange;blind异径法兰 reducing flange压力级 pressure rating(class)突面 raised face[RF]凸面 male face凹面 female face全平面;满平面 flat face;full face[FF]3.管道特殊件 piping speciality粗滤器 strainer过滤器 filter临时过滤器 temporary strainer(cone type) Y型过滤器 Y-type strainerT型过滤器 T-type strainer永久过滤器 permanent filter洗眼器及淋浴器 eye washer and shower视镜 sight glass阻火器 flame arrester喷咀;喷头 spray nozzle喷射器 ejector取样冷却器 sample cooler消音器 silencer膨胀节 expansion joint波纹膨胀节 bellow补偿器 compensator软管接头 hose connection[HC]快速接头 quick coupling金属软管 metal hose橡胶管 rubber hose挠性管 flexible tube特殊法兰 special flange漏斗 funnel8字盲板 spectacle (figure 8) blind爆破板 rupture disk4,其它材料碳素钢 carbon steel [C.S.]不锈钢 stainless steel[S.S.]铸铁 cast iron[C.I.]铝 aluminum铜,紫铜 copper钛 titanium抗拉强度 tensile strength非金属材料 non-metallic material塑料 plastic陶瓷 ceramic搪瓷 porcelain enamel玻璃 glass橡胶 rubber垫片 gasket[GSKT]平垫片 flat gasket填料 packing型钢 shaped steel角钢 angle steel槽钢 channel工字钢 I-beam宽缘工字钢或H钢 wide flanged beam扁钢 flat bar圆钢 round steel; rod钢带 strap steel网络钢板 checkered plate材料表 bill of material[BOM]材料统计 material take-off[MTO]散装材料 bulk material综合管道材料表 consolidated piping material summary sheet[CPMSS]汇总表 summary sheet5.设备布置及管道设计中心线 center line装置边界 boundary limit[BL]区界 area limit设备布置 equipment arrangement (layout);plot plan标高,立面 elevation[EL]支撑点 point of support[POS]工厂北向 plant north方位 orientation危险区 hazardous area classification净正吸入压头 net positive suction head绝对标高 absolute elevation坐标 coordinate管道研究 piping study管道布置平面 piping arrangement plan[PAP]管道布置 piping assembly; layout详图 detail"X"视图 view "X""A-A" 剖视 section "A-A"轴测图 isometric drawing索引图 key plan管道及仪表流程图 piping and instrument diagram[P&ID] 管口表 list of nozzles地上管道 above ground piping地下管道 under ground piping管线号 line number总管 header; manifold旁路 by pass常开 normally open常闭 normally closed取样接口 sampling connection伴热管 tracing pipe蒸汽伴热 steam tracing热水伴热 hot-water tracing电伴热 electrical tracing夹套管 jacketed line全夹套管 full jacketed比例 scale图 figure草图 sketch图例 legend符号 symbol件号 part n。
常见的化工词汇中英文对照
化学物质及特性固体 solid液体 liquid气体 gas化合物 compound混合物 mixture粉 powder片状粉未 flake小粒 granule结晶 crystal乳化物 emulsion氧化物 oxidizing agent 还原剂 reducing agent 有机物 organic material 真空 vacuum母液 master liquor富液 rich liquor贫液 lean liquor萃出物 extract萃余物 raffinate絮凝剂 flocculants冷冻盐水 brine酸度 acidity浓度 concentration碱度 alkalinity溶解度 solubility 凝固点 solidificalion point沸点 boiling point熔点 melting point蒸发率 evaporation rate粘度 viscosity吸水的 water absorbent(a)无水的 anhydrous(a)外观 appearance无色的 colorless(a)透明的 transparent(a)半透明的 translucent密度 density比重 specific gravity催化剂 catalyst燃烧 combustion引燃 ignition自然点 self-ignition temperature可燃气体 combustible gas可燃液体 inflammable liquid易燃液体 volatile liquid爆炸混合物 explosive mixture爆炸性环境explosive atmosphere(environment)爆炸极限 explosive concentration limit废水 waste water废液 waste liquid废气 off-gas噪声 noise pollution成分 composition挠度 deflection力和力矩 force and moment弯矩 bending moment应力-应变曲线 stress-strain diagram百分比 percentage环境温度 ambient temperature工作温度 operating设计温度 design temperature(pressure)相对湿度 RH=relative humidity油渣、淤泥 sludge杂质 impurity化工设备泵 pump轴流泵 axial flow pump真空泵 vacuum pump屏蔽泵 canned pump柱塞泵 plunger pump涡轮泵 turbine pump涡流泵 vortex pump离心泵 centrifugal pump喷射泵 jet pump转子泵 rotary pump管道泵 inline pump双作用往复泵 double action reciprocating pump计量泵 metering pump深井泵 deep well pump齿轮泵 gear pump手摇泵 hand(wobble) pump螺杆泵 screw (spiral) pump潜水泵 submersible pump斜转子泵 inclined rotor pump封闭式电磁泵 hermetically sealed magnetic drive pump气升泵 air-lift-pump轴承 bearing叶轮 impeller虹吸管 siphon高压容器 high pressure vessel焚化炉 incinerator火焰清除器 flame arrester工业炉 furnace烧嘴 burner锅炉 boiler回转窑 rotary kiln加热器 heater电加热器 electric heater冷却器 cooler冷凝器 condenser换热器 heat exchanger反应器 reactor蒸馏釜 still搅拌器 agitator混合器 mixer静态混合器 static mixers管道混合器 line mixers混合槽 mixing tanks破碎机 crusher磨碎机 grinder研磨机 pulverizer球磨机 ballmill过滤器 filter分离器 separator干燥器 drier翅片 fins烟囱 stack火炬 flare筛子 screen煅烧窑 calciner倾析器 decanter蒸发器 evaporator再沸器 reboiler萃取器 extractor离心机 centrifuger吸附（收）器 adsorber结晶器 crystallizer电解槽 electrolyzer电除尘器 electric precipitator 洗涤器 scrubber消石灰器 slaker料仓 bin料斗 hopper加料器 feeder增稠器 thickener澄清器 clarifier分级器 classifier浮洗器 flocculator废液池 sump喷射器 ejector喷头 sprayer成套设备 package unit仪器设备 apparatus附属设备 accessory旋转式压缩机 rotary compressor往复式压缩机 reciprocating compressor水环式压缩机 nash compressor螺杆式压缩机 helical screw compressor离心式压缩机 centrifugal compressor多级压缩机 mutiple stages compressor固定床反应器 fixed bed reactor流化床反应器 fluidized bed reactor管式反应器 tubular reactor列管式换热器 tubular heat exchanger螺旋板式换热器 spiral plate heat exchanger 萃取塔 extraction column板式塔 plate column填料塔 packed column洗涤塔 scrubber吸收塔 absorber冷却塔 cooling tower精馏塔 fractionating tower汽提塔 stripper再生塔 regenerator造粒塔 prill tower塔附件 tower accessories液体分配（布）器 liquid distributor 填料支持板 support plate定距管 spacer降液管 downcomer升气管 chimney顶(底)层塔盘 top (bottom) tray挡板 baffle抽出口 draw nozzle溢流堰 weir泡罩 bubble cap筛板 sieve plate浮阀 float valve除沫器 demister pad塔裙座 skirt椭圆封头 elliptical head高位槽 head tank中间槽 intermediate tank 加料槽 feed tank补给槽 make-up tank计量槽 measuring tank电解槽 cell溜槽 chute收集槽 collecting tank液滴分离器 knockout drum稀释罐 thinning tank缓冲罐 surge drum回流罐 reflux drum闪蒸罐 flash drum浮顶罐 floating roof tank内浮顶罐 covered floating roof tank球罐 spheroid气柜 gas holder湿式气柜 wet gas-holder干式气柜 dry gas-holder螺旋式气柜 helical gas-holder星型放料器,旋转阀 rotary valve抽滤器 mutche filter压滤器 filter press压滤机 pressure filter板框压滤器 plate-and-fram filter press 转鼓过滤器 rotary drum filter带式过滤器 belt filter翻盘式过滤器袋滤器 bag filter旋风分离器 cyclone separator盘式干燥箱 compartment tray drier真空干燥器 vacuum drier隧道式干燥器 tunnel drier回转干燥器 rotary drier穿流循环干燥器 through circulation drier 喷雾干燥器 spray drier气流干燥器 pneumatic conveyor drier圆盘式加料器 dish feeder螺旋式加料器 screw feeder颚式破碎机 jaw crusher回转破碎机 gyratory crusher滚洞破碎机 roll crusher锤式破碎机 hammer crusher冲击破碎机 rotor impact breaker气流喷射粉碎机 jet pulverizer棍磨机 rod mill雷蒙机 raymond mill锤磨机 hammer mill辊磨机 roller mill振动筛 vibrating screen回转筛 rotary screen风机 fan罗茨鼓风机 root's blower起重机 crane桥式起重机 bridge crane电动葫芦 motor hoist 发电机 generator电动机 motor汽轮机 steam turbine管道工程 piping engineering1 阀门 valve阀杆 stem内螺纹阀杆 inside screw阀座 valve seat (body seat)阀座环、密封圈 sealing ring阀芯(包括密封圈,杆等) trim阀盘 disc阀体 body阀盖 bonnet手轮 hand wheel手柄 hand level (handle)压盖 gland闸阀 gate valve平行双闸板 double disc parallel seat楔形单闸板 split wedge截止阀 globe valve节流阀 throttle valve针阀 needle valve角阀(角式截止阀) angle valveY型阀(截止阀) Y-valve(Y-body globe valve) 球阀 ball valve三通球阀 3-way ball valve蝶阀 butterfly valve对夹式(薄片型) wafer type偏心阀板蝶阀offset disc (eccentric) butterfly valve斜阀盘蝶阀 canted disc butterfly valve连杆式蝶阀 link butterfly valve止回式蝶阀 combined non-return butterfly valve柱塞阀 piston type valve旋塞阀 plug valve三通旋塞阀 three-way plug valve四通旋塞阀 four-way plug valve旋塞 cock衬套旋塞 sleeve cock隔膜阀 diaphragm valve橡胶衬里隔膜阀rubber lined diaphragm valve直通式隔膜阀 straight way diaphragm valve 夹紧式胶管阀 pinch valve止回阀 check valve升降式止回阀 lift check valve旋启式止回阀 swing check valve落球式止回阀 ball check valve弹簧球式止回阀 spring ball check valve底阀 foot valve切断式止回阀 stop check valve 活塞式止回阀 piston check valve翻板止回阀 flap check valve蝶式止回阀 butterfly check valve安全泄气阀 safety[SV]安全泄放阀 relief valve[RV]安全泄压阀 safety relief valve杠杆重锤式 lever and weight type罐底排污阀 flush-bottom tank valve波纹管密封阀 bellow sealed valve电磁阀 solenoid (operated) valve电动阀electrically(electric-motor)operated valve气动阀 pneumatic operated valve低温用阀 cryogenic service valve蒸汽疏水阀 steam trap机械式疏水阀 mechanical trap浮桶式疏水阀 open (top) bucket trap浮球式疏水阀 float trap倒吊桶式疏水阀 inverted bucket trap自由浮球式疏水阀 loose float trap恒温式疏水阀 thermostatic trap压力平衡式恒温疏水阀 balanced pressure thermostatic trap热动力式疏水阀 thermodynamic trap脉冲式蒸汽疏水阀 impulse steam trap放汽阀(自动放汽阀) (automatic) air ventvalve换向阀 diverting (reversing) valve呼吸阀 breather valve减压阀 pressure reducing valve控制阀 control valve执行机构 actuator差压调节阀differential pressure regulating valve切断阀 block (shut-off, stop) valve调节阀 regulating valve快开阀 quick opening valve快闭阀 quick closing valve隔断阀 isolating valve三通阀 three way valve夹套阀 jacketed valve非旋转式阀 non-rotary valve2管子,管件,法兰管子 pipe(按标准制造的配管用管)tube(不按标准规格制造的其它用管)钢管 steel pipe铸铁管 cast iron pipe衬里管 lined pipe复合管 clad pipe碳钢管 carbon steel[.]pipe合金钢管 alloy steel pipe不锈钢管 stainless steel[.]pipe奥氏体不锈钢管 austenitic stainless steel pipe铁合金钢管 ferritic alloy steel pipe轧制钢管 wrought-steel pipe锻铁管 wrought-iron pipe无缝钢管 seamless[SMLS] steel pipe焊接钢管 welded steel pipe电阻焊钢管electric-resistance-welded steel pipe电熔(弧)焊钢板卷管electric-fusion(arc)-welded steel-plate pipe螺旋焊接钢管 spiral welded steel pipe镀锌钢管 galvanized steel pipe排污阀 blowdown valve集液排放阀 drip valve排液阀 drain valve放空阀 vent valve卸载阀 unloading valve排出阀 discharge valve吸入阀 suction valve取样阀 sampling valve手动阀 hand operated(manually-operated) valve(水)龙头 bibb;bib;faucet抽出液阀(小阀) bleed valve旁路阀 by-pass valve软管阀 hose valve混合阀 mixing valve破真空阀 vacuum breaker冲洗阀 flush valve根部阀 root (primary, header) valve水煤气钢管 water-gas steel pipe塑料管 plastic pipe玻璃管 glass tube橡胶管 rubber tube壁厚 wall thickness[WT]壁厚系列号 schedule number[.]加厚的,加强的 extra heavy (strong)双倍加厚的,双倍加强的 double extra heavy (strong)弯头 elbow异径弯头 reducing elbow长半径弯头 long radius elbow短半径弯头 short radius elbow长半径180°弯头 long radius return短半径180°弯头 short radius return三通 tee异径三通 reducing tee等径三通 straight tee带支座三通 base tee45°斜三通45°lateralY型三通 true"Y" 四通 cross异径管 reducer同心异径管 concentric reducer偏心异径管 eccentric reducer管接头 coupling;full coupling活接头 union短管 nipple预制弯管 fabricated pipe bendU型弯管 "U"bend法兰端 flanged end万向接头 universal joint对焊的 butt welded[BW]螺纹的 threaded[THD]承插焊的 socket welded[SW]法兰 flange[FLG]整体管法兰 integral pipe flange 钢管法兰 steel pipe flange螺纹法兰 threaded flange滑套法兰 slip-on flange平焊法兰 slip-on-welding flange 承插焊法兰 socket welding flange 松套法兰 lap joint flange[LJF] 对焊法兰 weld neck flange[WNF] 法兰盖 blind flange;blind异径法兰 reducing flange压力级 pressure rating(class)突面 raised face[RF]凸面 male face凹面 female face全平面;满平面 flat face;full face[FF]3.管道特殊件 piping speciality粗滤器 strainer过滤器 filter临时过滤器 temporary strainer(cone type) Y型过滤器 Y-type strainerT型过滤器 T-type strainer永久过滤器 permanent filter洗眼器及淋浴器 eye washer and shower视镜 sight glass阻火器 flame arrester喷咀;喷头 spray nozzle喷射器 ejector取样冷却器 sample cooler消音器 silencer膨胀节 expansion joint波纹膨胀节 bellow补偿器 compensator软管接头 hose connection[HC]快速接头 quick coupling金属软管 metal hose橡胶管 rubber hose挠性管 flexible tube特殊法兰 special flange 漏斗 funnel8字盲板 spectacle (figure 8) blind 爆破板 rupture disk4,其它材料碳素钢 carbon steel [.]不锈钢 stainless steel[.]铸铁 cast iron[.]铝 aluminum铜,紫铜 copper钛 titanium抗拉强度 tensile strength非金属材料 non-metallic material塑料 plastic陶瓷 ceramic搪瓷 porcelain enamel玻璃 glass橡胶 rubber垫片 gasket[GSKT]平垫片 flat gasket填料 packing型钢 shaped steel角钢 angle steel槽钢 channel工字钢 I-beam宽缘工字钢或H钢 wide flanged beam 扁钢 flat bar圆钢 round steel; rod钢带 strap steel网络钢板 checkered plate材料表 bill of material[BOM]材料统计 material take-off[MTO]散装材料 bulk material综合管道材料表consolidated piping material summarysheet[CPMSS]汇总表 summary sheet5.设备布置及管道设计中心线 center line装置边界 boundary limit[BL]区界 area limit设备布置equipment arrangement (layout);plot plan标高,立面 elevation[EL]支撑点 point of support[POS]工厂北向 plant north方位 orientation危险区 hazardous area classification净正吸入压头 net positive suction head绝对标高 absolute elevation坐标 coordinate管道研究 piping study 管道布置平面 piping arrangement plan[PAP] 管道布置 piping assembly; layout详图 detail"X"视图 view "X""A-A" 剖视 section "A-A"轴测图 isometric drawing索引图 key plan管道及仪表流程图 piping and instrument diagram[P&ID]管口表 list of nozzles地上管道 above ground piping地下管道 under ground piping管线号 line number总管 header; manifold旁路 by pass常开 normally open常闭 normally closed取样接口 sampling connection伴热管 tracing pipe蒸汽伴热 steam tracing热水伴热 hot-water tracing电伴热 electrical tracing夹套管 jacketed line全夹套管 full jacketed比例 scale图 figure草图 sketch图例 legend 符号 symbol 件号 part n。
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e n s y s t e m超电势o v e r p o t e n t i a l沉降s e d i m e n t a t i o n沉降电势s e d i m e n t a t i o n p o t e n t i a l沉降平衡s e d i m e n t a t i o n e q u i l i b r i u m触变t h i x o t r o p y粗分散系统t h i c k d i s p e r s e s y s t e m催化剂c a t a l y s t单分子层吸附理论m o n o m o l e c u l e l a y e r a d s o r p t i o n单分子反应u n i m o l e c u l a r r e a c t i o n单链反应s t r a i g h t c h a i n r e a c t i o n s弹式量热计b o m b c a l o r i m e t e r道尔顿定律D a l t o n l a w道尔顿分压定律D a l t o n p a r t i a l p r e s s u r e l a w德拜和法尔肯哈根效应D e b y e a n d F a l k e n h a g e n e f f e c t德拜立方公式D e b y e c u b i c f o r m u l a德拜－休克尔极限公式D e b y e-H u c k e l’s l i m i t i n g e q u a t i o n等焓过程i s e n t h a l p i c p r o c e s s等焓线i s e n t h a l p i c l i n e等几率定理t h e o r e m o f e q u a l p r o b a b i l i t y等温等容位H e l m h o l t z f r e e e n e r g y等温等压位G i b b s f r e e e n e r g y等温方程e q u a t i o n a t c o n s t a n t t e m p e r a t u r e低共熔点e u t e c t i c p o i n t低共熔混合物e u t e c t i c m i x t u r e低会溶点l o w e r c o n s o l u t e p o i n t低熔冰盐合晶c r y o h y d r i c第二类永动机p e r p e t u a l m a c h i n e o f t h e s e c o n d k i n d第三定律熵t h i r d-l a w e n t r o p y第一类永动机p e r p e t u a l m a c h i n e o f t h e f i r s t k i n d缔合化学吸附a s s o c i a t i o n c h e m i c a l a d s o r p t i o n电池常数c e l l c o n s t a n t电池电动势e l e c t r o m o t i v e f o r c e o f c e l l s电池反应c e l l r e a c t i o n电导c o n d u c t a n c e电导率c o n d u c t i v i t y电动势的温度系数t e m p e r a t u r e c o e f f i c i e n t o f e l e c t r o m o t i v e f o r c e电动电势z e t a p o t e n t i a l电功e l e c t r i c w o r k电化学e l e c t r o c h e m i s t r y电化学极化e l e c t r o c h e m i c a l p o l a r i z a t i o n电极电势e l e c t r o d e p o t e n t i a l电极反应r e a c t i o n s o n t h e e l e c t r o d e电极种类t y p e o f e l e c t r o d e s电解池e l e c t r o l y t i c c e l l电量计c o u l o m e t e r电流效率c u r r e n t e f f i c i e n c y电迁移e l e c t r o m i g r a t i o n电迁移率e l e c t r o m o b i l i t y电渗e l e c t r o o s m o s i s电渗析e l e c t r o d i a l y s i s电泳e l e c t r o p h o r e s i s丁达尔效应D y n d a l l e f f e c t定容摩尔热容m o l a r h e a t c a p a c i t y u n d e r c o n s t a n t v o l u m e定容温度计C o n s t a n t v o I u m e t h e r m o m e t e r定压摩尔热容m o l a r h e a t c a p a c i t y u n d e r c o n s t a n t p r e s s u r e定压温度计c o n s t a n t p r e s s u r e t h e r m o m e t e r定域子系统l o c a l i z e d p a r t i c l e s y s t e m动力学方程k i n e t i c e q u a t i o n s动力学控制k i n e t i c s c o n t r o l独立子系统i n d e p e n d e n t p a r t i c l e s y s t e m对比摩尔体积r e d u c e d m o l e v o l u m e对比体积r e d u c e d v o l u m e对比温度r e d u c e d t e m p e r a t u r e对比压力r e d u c e d p r e s s u r e对称数s y m m e t r y n u m b e r对行反应r e v e r s i b l e r e a c t i o n s对应状态原理p r i n c i p l e o f c o r r e s p o n d i n g s t a t e多方过程p o l y t r o p i c p r o c e s s多分子层吸附理论a d s o r p t i o n t h e o r y o f m u l t i-m o l e c u l a r l a y e r s 二级反应s e c o n d o r d e r r e a c t i o n二级相变s e c o n d o r d e r p h a s e c h a n g e法拉第常数f a r a d a y c o n s t a n t法拉第定律F a r a d a y’s l a w反电动势b a c k E.M.F.反渗透r e v e r s e o s m o s i s反应分子数m o l e c u l a r i t y反应级数r e a c t i o n o r d e r s反应进度e x t e n t o f r e a c t i o n反应热h e a t o f r e a c t i o n反应速率r a t e o f r e a c t i o n反应速率常数c o n s t a n t o f r e a c t i o n r a t e范德华常数v a n d e r Wa a l s c o n s t a n t范德华方程v a n d e r Wa a l s e q u a t i o n范德华力v a n d e r Wa a l s f o r c e范德华气体v a n d e r Wa a l s g a s e s范特霍夫方程v a n’t H o f f e q u a t i o n范特霍夫规则v a n’t H o f f r u l e范特霍夫渗透压公式v a n’t H o f f e q u a t i o n o f o s m o t i c p r e s s u r e 非基元反应n o n-e l e m e n t a r y r e a c t i o n s非体积功n o n-v o l u m e w o r k非依时计量学反应t i m e i n d e p e n d e n t s t o i c h i o m e t r i c r e a c t i o n s 菲克扩散第一定律F i c k’s f i r s t l a w o f d i f f u s i o n沸点b o i l i n g p o i n t沸点升高e l e v a t i o n o f b o i l i n g p o i n t费M－狄拉克统计F e r m i-D i r a c s t a t i s t i c s分布d i s t r i b u t i o n分布数d i s t r i b u t i o n n u m b e r s分解电压d e c o m p o s i t i o n v o l t a g e分配定律d i s t r i b u t i o n l a w分散系统d i s p e r s e s y s t e m分散相d i s p e r s i o n p h a s e分体积p a r t i a l v o l u m e分体积定律p a r t i a l v o l u m e l a w分压p a r t i a l p r e s s u r e分压定律p a r t i a l p r e s s u r e l a w分子反应力学m e c h a n i c s o f m o l e c u l a r r e a c t i o n s分子间力i n t e r m o l e c u l a r f o r c e分子蒸馏m o l e c u l a r d i s t i l l a t i o n封闭系统c l o s e d s y s t e m附加压力e x c e s s p r e s s u r e弗罗因德利希吸附经验式F r e u n d l i c h e m p i r i c a l f o r m u l a o f a d s o r p t i o n负极n e g a t i v e p o l e负吸附n e g a t i v e a d s o r p t i o n复合反应c o m p o s i t e r e a c t i o n盖·吕萨克定律G a y-L u s s a c l a w盖斯定律H e s s l a w甘汞电极c a l o m e l e l e c t r o d e感胶离子序l y o t r o p i c s e r i e s杠杆规则l e v e r r u l e高分子溶液m a c r o m o l e c u l a r s o l u t i o n高会溶点u p p e r c o n s o l u t e p o i n t隔离法t h e i s o l a t i o n m e t h o d格罗塞斯－德雷珀定律G r o t t h u s-D r a o e r’s l a w隔离系统i s o l a t e d s y s t e m根均方速率r o o t-m e a n-s q u a r e s p e e d功w o r k功函w o r k c o n t e n t共轭溶液c o n j u g a t e s o l u t i o n共沸温度a z e o t r o p i c t e m p e r a t u r e构型熵c o n f i g u r a t i o n a l e n t r o p y孤立系统i s o l a t e d s y s t e m固溶胶s o l i d s o l固态混合物s o l i d s o l u t i o n固相线s o l i d p h a s e l i n e光反应p h o t o r e a c t i o n光化学第二定律t h e s e c o n d l a w o f a c t i n o c h e m i s t r y光化学第一定律t h e f i r s t l a w o f a c t i n o c h e m i s t r y光敏反应p h o t o s e n s i t i z e d r e a c t i o n s光谱熵s p e c t r u m e n t r o p y广度性质e x t e n s i v e p r o p e r t y广延量e x t e n s i v e q u a n t i t y广延性质e x t e n s i v e p r o p e r t y规定熵s t i p u l a t e d e n t r o p y过饱和溶液o v e r s a t u r a t e d s o l u t i o n过饱和蒸气o v e r s a t u r a t e d v a p o r过程p r o c e s s过渡状态理论t r a n s i t i o n s t a t e t h e o r y过冷水s u p e r-c o o l e d w a t e r过冷液体o v e r c o o l e d l i q u i d过热液体o v e r h e a t e d l i q u i d亥姆霍兹函数H e l m h o l t z f u n c t i o n亥姆霍兹函数判据H e l m h o l t z f u n c t i o n c r i t e r i o n亥姆霍兹自由能H e l m h o l t z f r e e e n e r g y亥氏函数H e l m h o l t z f u n c t i o n焓e n t h a l p y亨利常数H e n r y c o n s t a n t亨利定律H e n r y l a w恒沸混合物c o n s t a n t b o i l i n g m i x t u r e恒容摩尔热容m o l a r h e a t c a p a c i t y a t c o n s t a n t v o l u m e恒容热h e a t a t c o n s t a n t v o l u m e恒外压c o n s t a n t e x t e r n a l p r e s s u r e恒压摩尔热容m o l a r h e a t c a p a c i t y a t c o n s t a n t p r e s s u r e恒压热h e a t a t c o n s t a n t p r e s s u r e化学动力学c h e m i c a l k i n e t i c s化学反应计量式s t o i c h i o m e t r i c e q u a t i o n o f c h e m i c a l r e a c t i o n化学反应计量系数s t o i c h i o m e t r i c c o e f f i c i e n t o f c h e m i c a l r e a c t i o n 化学反应进度e x t e n t o f c h e m i c a l r e a c t i o n化学亲合势c h e m i c a l a f f i n i t y化学热力学c h e m i c a l t h e r m o d y n a m i c s化学势c h e m i c a l p o t e n t i a l化学势判据c h e m i c a l p o t e n t i a l c r i t e r i o n化学吸附c h e m i s o r p t i o n s环境e n v i r o n m e n t环境熵变e n t r o p y c h a n g e i n e n v i r o n m e n t挥发度v o l a t i l i t y混合熵e n t r o p y o f m i x i n g混合物m i x t u r e活度a c t i v i t y活化控制a c t i v a t i o n c o n t r o l活化络合物理论a c t i v a t e d c o m p l e x t h e o r y活化能a c t i v a t i o n e n e r g y霍根-华森图H o u g e n-Wa t s o n C h a r t基态能级e n e r g y l e v e l a t g r o u n d s t a t e基希霍夫公式K i r c h h o f f f o r m u l a基元反应e l e m e n t a r y r e a c t i o n s积分溶解热i n t e g r a t i o n h e a t o f d i s s o l u t i o n吉布斯－杜亥姆方程G i b b s-D u h e m e q u a t i o n吉布斯－亥姆霍兹方程G i b b s-H e l m h o t z e q u a t i o n吉布斯函数G i b b s f u n c t i o n吉布斯函数判据G i b b s f u n c t i o n c r i t e r i o n吉布斯吸附公式G i b b s a d s o r p t i o n f o r m u l a吉布斯自由能G i b b s f r e e e n e r g y敞开系统o p e n s y s t e m 超电势o v e r p o t e n t i a l沉降s e d i m e n t a t i o n沉降电势s e d i m e n t a t i o n p o t e n t i a l沉降平衡s e d i m e n t a t i o n e q u i l i b r i u m触变t h i x o t r o p y粗分散系统t h i c k d i s p e r s e s y s t e m催化剂c a t a l y s t单分子层吸附理论m o n o m o l e c u l e l a y e r a d s o r p t i o n单分子反应u n i m o l e c u l a r r e a c t i o n单链反应s t r a i g h t c h a i n r e a c t i o n s弹式量热计b o m b c a l o r i m e t e r道尔顿定律D a l t o n l a w道尔顿分压定律D a l t o n p a r t i a l p r e s s u r e l a w德拜和法尔肯哈根效应D e b y e a n d F a l k e n h a g e n e f f e c t德拜立方公式D e b y e c u b i c f o r m u l a德拜－休克尔极限公式D e b y e-H u c k e l’s l i m i t i n g e q u a t i o n等焓过程i s e n t h a l p i c p r o c e s s等焓线i s e n t h a l p i c l i n e等几率定理t h e o r e m o f e q u a l p r o b a b i l i t y等温等容位H e l m h o l t z f r e e e n e r g y等温等压位G i b b s f r e e e n e r g y等温方程e q u a t i o n a t c o n s t a n t t e m p e r a t u r e低共熔点e u t e c t i c p o i n t低共熔混合物e u t e c t i c m i x t u r e低会溶点l o w e r c o n s o l u t e p o i n t低熔冰盐合晶c r y o h y d r i c第二类永动机p e r p e t u a l m a c h i n e o f t h e s e c o n d k i n d第三定律熵t h i r d-l a w e n t r o p y第一类永动机p e r p e t u a l m a c h i n e o f t h e f i r s t k i n d缔合化学吸附a s s o c i a t i o n c h e m i c a l a d s o r p t i o n电池常数c e l l c o n s t a n t电池电动势e l e c t r o m o t i v e f o r c e o f c e l l s电池反应c e l l r e a c t i o n电导c o n d u c t a n c e电导率c o n d u c t i v i t y电动势的温度系数t e m p e r a t u r e c o e f f i c i e n t o f e l e c t r o m o t i v e f o r c e 电动电势z e t a p o t e n t i a l电功e l e c t r i c w o r k电化学e l e c t r o c h e m i s t r y电化学极化e l e c t r o c h e m i c a l p o l a r i z a t i o n电极电势e l e c t r o d e p o t e n t i a l电极反应r e a c t i o n s o n t h e e l e c t r o d e电极种类t y p e o f e l e c t r o d e s电解池e l e c t r o l y t i c c e l l电量计c o u l o m e t e r电流效率c u r r e n t e f f i c i e n c y电迁移e l e c t r o m i g r a t i o n电迁移率e l e c t r o m o b i l i t y电渗e l e c t r o o s m o s i s电渗析e l e c t r o d i a l y s i s电泳e l e c t r o p h o r e s i s丁达尔效应D y n d a l l e f f e c t定容摩尔热容m o l a r h e a t c a p a c i t y u n d e r c o n s t a n t v o l u m e定容温度计C o n s t a n t v o I u m e t h e r m o m e t e r定压摩尔热容m o l a r h e a t c a p a c i t y u n d e r c o n s t a n t p r e s s u r e定压温度计c o n s t a n t p r e s s u r e t h e r m o m e t e r定域子系统l o c a l i z e d p a r t i c l e s y s t e m动力学方程k i n e t i c e q u a t i o n s动力学控制k i n e t i c s c o n t r o l独立子系统i n d e p e n d e n t p a r t i c l e s y s t e m对比摩尔体积r e d u c e d m o l e v o l u m e对比体积r e d u c e d v o l u m e对比温度r e d u c e d t e m p e r a t u r e对比压力r e d u c e d p r e s s u r e对称数s y m m e t r y n u m b e r对行反应r e v e r s i b l e r e a c t i o n s对应状态原理p r i n c i p l e o f c o r r e s p o n d i n g s t a t e多方过程p o l y t r o p i c p r o c e s s多分子层吸附理论a d s o r p t i o n t h e o r y o f m u l t i-m o l e c u l a r l a y e r s二级反应s e c o n d o r d e r r e a c t i o n二级相变s e c o n d o r d e r p h a s e c h a n g e法拉第常数f a r a d a y c o n s t a n t法拉第定律F a r a d a y’s l a w反电动势b a c k E.M.F.反渗透r e v e r s e o s m o s i s反应分子数m o l e c u l a r i t y反应级数r e a c t i o n o r d e r s反应进度e x t e n t o f r e a c t i o n反应热h e a t o f r e a c t i o n反应速率r a t e o f r e a c t i o n反应速率常数c o n s t a n t o f r e a c t i o n r a t e范德华常数v a n d e r Wa a l s c o n s t a n t范德华方程v a n d e r Wa a l s e q u a t i o n范德华力v a n d e r Wa a l s f o r c e范德华气体v a n d e r Wa a l s g a s e s范特霍夫方程v a n’t H o f f e q u a t i o n范特霍夫规则v a n’t H o f f r u l e范特霍夫渗透压公式v a n’t H o f f e q u a t i o n o f o s m o t i c p r e s s u r e非基元反应n o n-e l e m e n t a r y r e a c t i o n s非体积功n o n-v o l u m e w o r k非依时计量学反应t i m e i n d e p e n d e n t s t o i c h i o m e t r i c r e a c t i o n s菲克扩散第一定律F i c k’s f i r s t l a w o f d i f f u s i o n沸点b o i l i n g p o i n t沸点升高e l e v a t i o n o f b o i l i n g p o i n t费M－狄拉克统计F e r m i-D i r a c s t a t i s t i c s分布d i s t r i b u t i o n分布数d i s t r i b u t i o n n u m b e r s分解电压d e c o m p o s i t i o n v o l t a g e分配定律d i s t r i b u t i o n l a w分散系统d i s p e r s e s y s t e m分散相d i s p e r s i o n p h a s e分体积p a r t i a l v o l u m e分体积定律p a r t i a l v o l u m e l a w分压p a r t i a l p r e s s u r e分压定律p a r t i a l p r e s s u r e l a w分子反应力学m e c h a n i c s o f m o l e c u l a r r e a c t i o n s分子间力i n t e r m o l e c u l a r f o r c e分子蒸馏m o l e c u l a r d i s t i l l a t i o n封闭系统c l o s e d s y s t e m附加压力e x c e s s p r e s s u r e弗罗因德利希吸附经验式F r e u n d l i c h e m p i r i c a l f o r m u l a o f a d s o r p t i o n负极n e g a t i v e p o l e负吸附n e g a t i v e a d s o r p t i o n复合反应c o m p o s i t e r e a c t i o n盖·吕萨克定律G a y-L u s s a c l a w盖斯定律H e s s l a w甘汞电极c a l o m e l e l e c t r o d e感胶离子序l y o t r o p i c s e r i e s杠杆规则l e v e r r u l e高分子溶液m a c r o m o l e c u l a r s o l u t i o n高会溶点u p p e r c o n s o l u t e p o i n t隔离法t h e i s o l a t i o n m e t h o d格罗塞斯－德雷珀定律G r o t t h u s-D r a o e r’s l a w隔离系统i s o l a t e d s y s t e m根均方速率r o o t-m e a n-s q u a r e s p e e d功w o r k功函w o r k c o n t e n t共轭溶液c o n j u g a t e s o l u t i o n共沸温度a z e o t r o p i c t e m p e r a t u r e构型熵c o n f i g u r a t i o n a l e n t r o p y孤立系统i s o l a t e d s y s t e m固溶胶s o l i d s o l固态混合物s o l i d s o l u t i o n固相线s o l i d p h a s e l i n e光反应p h o t o r e a c t i o n光化学第二定律t h e s e c o n d l a w o f a c t i n o c h e m i s t r y光化学第一定律t h e f i r s t l a w o f a c t i n o c h e m i s t r y光敏反应p h o t o s e n s i t i z e d r e a c t i o n s光谱熵s p e c t r u m e n t r o p y广度性质e x t e n s i v e p r o p e r t y广延量e x t e n s i v e q u a n t i t y广延性质e x t e n s i v e p r o p e r t y规定熵s t i p u l a t e d e n t r o p y过饱和溶液o v e r s a t u r a t e d s o l u t i o n过饱和蒸气o v e r s a t u r a t e d v a p o r过程p r o c e s s过渡状态理论t r a n s i t i o n s t a t e t h e o r y过冷水s u p e r-c o o l e d w a t e r过冷液体o v e r c o o l e d l i q u i d过热液体o v e r h e a t e d l i q u i d亥姆霍兹函数H e l m h o l t z f u n c t i o n亥姆霍兹函数判据H e l m h o l t z f u n c t i o n c r i t e r i o n亥姆霍兹自由能H e l m h o l t z f r e e e n e r g y亥氏函数H e l m h o l t z f u n c t i o n焓e n t h a l p y亨利常数H e n r y c o n s t a n t亨利定律H e n r y l a w恒沸混合物c o n s t a n t b o i l i n g m i x t u r e恒容摩尔热容m o l a r h e a t c a p a c i t y a t c o n s t a n t v o l u m e恒容热h e a t a t c o n s t a n t v o l u m e恒外压c o n s t a n t e x t e r n a l p r e s s u r e恒压摩尔热容m o l a r h e a t c a p a c i t y a t c o n s t a n t p r e s s u r e恒压热h e a t a t c o n s t a n t p r e s s u r e化学动力学c h e m i c a l k i n e t i c s化学反应计量式s t o i c h i o m e t r i c e q u a t i o n o f c h e m i c a l r e a c t i o n化学反应计量系数s t o i c h i o m e t r i c c o e f f i c i e n t o f c h e m i c a l r e a c t i o n化学反应进度e x t e n t o f c h e m i c a l r e a c t i o n化学亲合势c h e m i c a l a f f i n i t y化学热力学c h e m i c a l t h e r m o d y n a m i c s化学势c h e m i c a l p o t e n t i a l化学势判据c h e m i c a l p o t e n t i a l c r i t e r i o n化学吸附c h e m i s o r p t i o n s环境e n v i r o n m e n t环境熵变e n t r o p y c h a n g e i n e n v i r o n m e n t挥发度v o l a t i l i t y混合熵e n t r o p y o f m i x i n g混合物m i x t u r e活度a c t i v i t y活化控制a c t i v a t i o n c o n t r o l活化络合物理论a c t i v a t e d c o m p l e x t h e o r y活化能a c t i v a t i o n e n e r g y霍根-华森图H o u g e n-Wa t s o n C h a r t基态能级e n e r g y l e v e l a t g r o u n d s t a t e基希霍夫公式K i r c h h o f f f o r m u l a基元反应e l e m e n t a r y r e a c t i o n s积分溶解热i n t e g r a t i o n h e a t o f d i s s o l u t i o n吉布斯－杜亥姆方程G i b b s-D u h e m e q u a t i o n吉布斯－亥姆霍兹方程G i b b s-H e l m h o t z e q u a t i o n吉布斯函数G i b b s f u n c t i o n吉布斯函数判据G i b b s f u n c t i o n c r i t e r i o n吉布斯吸附公式G i b b s a d s o r p t i o n f o r m u l a吉布斯自由能G i b b s f r e e e n e r g y吉氏函数G i b b s f u n c t i o n极化电极电势p o l a r i z a t i o n p o t e n t i a l o f e l e c t r o d e极化曲线p o l a r i z a t i o n c u r v e s极化作用p o l a r i z a t i o n极限摩尔电导率l i m i t i n g m o l a r c o n d u c t i v i t y几率因子s t e r i c f a c t o r计量式s t o i c h i o m e t r i c e q u a t i o n计量系数s t o i c h i o m e t r i c c o e f f i c i e n t价数规则r u l e o f v a l e n c e简并度d e g e n e r a c y键焓b o n d e n t h a l p y胶冻b r o t h j e l l y胶核c o l l o i d a l n u c l e u s胶凝作用d e m u l s i f i c a t i o n胶束m i c e l l e胶体c o l l o i d胶体分散系统d i s p e r s i o n s y s t e m o f c o l l o i d胶体化学c o l l o c h e m i s t r y胶体粒子c o l l o i d a l p a r t i c l e s胶团m i c e l l e焦耳J o u l e焦耳-汤姆生实验J o u l e-T h o m s o n e x p e r i m e n t焦耳-汤姆生系数J o u l e-T h o m s o n c o e f f i c i e n t焦耳-汤姆生效应J o u l e-T h o m s o n e f f e c t焦耳定律J o u l e's l a w接触电势c o n t a c t p o t e n t i a l接触角c o n t a c t a n g l e节流过程t h r o t t l i n g p r o c e s s节流膨胀t h r o t t l i n g e x p a n s i o n节流膨胀系数c o e f f i c i e n t o f t h r o t t l i n g e x p a n s i o n结线t i e l i n e结晶热h e a t o f c r y s t a l l i z a t i o n解离化学吸附d i s s o c i a t i o n c h e m i c a l a d s o r p t i o n界面i n t e r f a c e s界面张力s u r f a c e t e n s i o n浸湿i m m e r s i o n w e t t i n g浸湿功i m m e r s i o n w e t t i n g w o r k精馏r e c t i f y聚（合）电解质p o l y e l e c t r o l y t e聚沉c o a g u l a t i o n聚沉值c o a g u l a t i o n v a l u e绝对反应速率理论a b s o l u t e r e a c t i o n r a t e t h e o r y绝对熵a b s o l u t e e n t r o p y绝对温标a b s o l u t e t e m p e r a t u r e s c a l e绝热过程a d i a b a t i c p r o c e s s绝热量热计a d i a b a t i c c a l o r i m e t e r绝热指数a d i a b a t i c i n d e x卡诺定理C a r n o t t h e o r e m卡诺循环C a r n o t c y c l e开尔文公式K e l v i n f o r m u l a柯诺瓦洛夫－吉布斯定律K o n o v a l o v-G i b b s l a w科尔劳施离子独立运动定律K o h l r a u s c h’s L a w o f I n d e p e n d e n t M i g r a t i o n o fI o n s可能的电解质p o t e n t i a l e l e c t r o l y t e可逆电池r e v e r s i b l e c e l l可逆过程r e v e r s i b l e p r o c e s s可逆过程方程r e v e r s i b l e p r o c e s s e q u a t i o n可逆体积功r e v e r s i b l e v o l u m e w o r k可逆相变r e v e r s i b l e p h a s e c h a n g e克拉佩龙方程C l a p e y r o n e q u a t i o n克劳修斯不等式C l a u s i u s i n e q u a l i t y克劳修斯－克拉佩龙方程C l a u s i u s-C l a p e y r o n e q u a t i o n控制步骤c o n t r o l s t e p库仑计c o u l o m e t e r扩散控制d i f f u s i o n c o n t r o l l e d拉普拉斯方程L a p l a c e’s e q u a t i o n拉乌尔定律R a o u l t l a w兰格缪尔－欣谢尔伍德机理L a n g m u i r-H i n s h e l w o o d m e c h a n i s m兰格缪尔吸附等温式L a n g m u i r a d s o r p t i o n i s o t h e r m f o r m u l a雷利公式R a y l e i g h e q u a t i o n冷冻系数c o e f f i c i e n t o f r e f r i g e r a t i o n冷却曲线c o o l i n g c u r v e离解热h e a t o f d i s s o c i a t i o n离解压力d i s s o c i a t i o n p r e s s u r e离域子系统n o n-l o c a l i z e d p a r t i c l e s y s t e m s离子的规范摩尔生成焓s t a n d a r d m o l a r f o r m a t i o n o f i o n离子的电迁移率m o b i l i t y o f i o n s离子的迁移数t r a n s p o r t n u m b e r o f i o n s离子独立运动定律l a w o f t h e i n d e p e n d e n t m i g r a t i o n o f i o n s离子氛i o n i c a t m o s p h e r e离子强度i o n i c s t r e n g t h理想混合物p e r f e c t m i x t u r e理想气体i d e a l g a s理想气体的绝热指数a d i a b a t i c i n d e x o f i d e a l g a s e s理想气体的微观模型m i c r o-m o d e l o f i d e a l g a s理想气体反应的等温方程i s o t h e r m a l e q u a t i o n o f i d e a l g a s e o u s r e a c t i o n s 理想气体绝热可逆过程方程a d i a b a t i c r e v e r s i b l e p r o c e s s e q u a t i o n o f i d e a l g a s es理想气体状态方程s t a t e e q u a t i o n o f i d e a l g a s理想稀溶液i d e a l d i l u t e s o l u t i o n理想液态混合物p e r f e c t l i q u i d m i x t u r e粒子p a r t i c l e s粒子的配分函数p a r t i t i o n f u n c t i o n o f p a r t i c l e s连串反应c o n s e c u t i v e r e a c t i o n s链的传递物c h a i n c a r r i e r链反应c h a i n r e a c t i o n s量热熵c a l o r i m e t r i c e n t r o p y量子统计q u a n t u m s t a t i s t i c s量子效率q u a n t u m y i e l d临界参数c r i t i c a l p a r a m e t e r临界常数c r i t i c a l c o n s t a n t临界点c r i t i c a l p o i n t临界胶束浓度c r i t i c a l m i c e l l e c o n c e n t r a t i o n临界摩尔体积c r i t i c a l m o l a r v o l u m e临界温度c r i t i c a l t e m p e r a t u r e临界压力c r i t i c a l p r e s s u r e临界状态c r i t i c a l s t a t e零级反应z e r o o r d e r r e a c t i o n流动电势s t r e a m i n g p o t e n t i a l流动功f l o w w o r k笼罩效应c a g e e f f e c t路易斯－兰德尔逸度规则L e w i s-R a n d a l l r u l e o f f u g a c i t y 露点d e w p o i n t露点线d e w p o i n t l i n e麦克斯韦关系式M a x w e l l r e l a t i o n s麦克斯韦速率分布M a x w e l l d i s t r i b u t i o n o f s p e e d s麦克斯韦能量分布M a x w e l I d i s t r i b u t i o n o f e n e r g y毛细管凝结c o n d e n s a t i o n i n c a p i l l a r y毛细现象c a p i l l a r y p h e n o m e n aM凯利斯常数M i c h a e l i s c o n s t a n t摩尔电导率m o l a r c o n d u c t i v i t y摩尔反应焓m o l a r r e a c t i o n e n t h a l p y摩尔混合熵m o l e e n t r o p y o f m i x i n g摩尔气体常数m o l a r g a s c o n s t a n t摩尔热容m o l a r h e a t c a p a c i t y摩尔溶解焓m o l e d i s s o l u t i o n e n t h a l p y摩尔稀释焓m o l e d i l u t i o n e n t h a l p y内扩散控制i n t e r n a l d i f f u s i o n s c o n t r o l内能i n t e r n a l e n e r g y内压力i n t e r n a l p r e s s u r e能级e n e r g y l e v e l s能级分布e n e r g y l e v e l d i s t r i b u t i o n能量均分原理p r i n c i p l e o f t h e e q u i p a r t i t i o n o f e n e r g y能斯特方程N e r n s t e q u a t i o n能斯特热定理N e r n s t h e a t t h e o r e m凝固点f r e e z i n g p o i n t。