地球物理专业英语常用单词..
地球物理及勘探专业词汇
The examination includes following five parts, each has 20 scores.Questions related to structure of the research paper;Professional words or phrases from English to Chinese;Professional words or phrases from Chinese to English;Translation short paragraph from English to Chinese;Translation short paragraph from Chinese to English.1、Questions related to structure of the research paperHow many sections at least are required in the scientific research paper in general? Please write the title of every section.What are the purposes of the “Introduction”in the research paper?Please specify the main purposes.What are the functions of the “Abstract”in the research paper?Please explain the primary functions.What is the “Appendix”in the research paper?Please indicate when an appendix is needed.How to cite reference paper in the text and how to arrange the “References”?Please give an example to specify them.2、20 words or phrases from English to Chinese3、20 words or phrases from Chinese to EnglishLists of Professional words or phrasesGravityAiry (Pratt) hypothesis 艾里(普拉特)假说Bouguer anomaly (correction) 布格异常(校正)Field (Upward, Downward) continuation 位场（向上，下）延拓Elevation (Topographic，terrain) correction 高程(地形)改正Geoid，Geodesy 大地水准面，大地测量学Gravimeter, Gradiometer 重力仪,梯度仪Gravity reduction (survey, prospecting) 重力改正(调查，勘探)Isostasy correction 均衡改正Torsion balance (Worden) 扭秤(沃尔登重力仪) Microgravity survey 微重力测量MagneticAeromagnetic method 航空磁测法Alternating-field demagnetization 交变场退磁Magnetic declination (inclination) 磁偏角(倾角)Secular (diurnal) variation 长期（日）变化Geomagnetic pole (reversal) 地磁极(倒转)Electromagnetic Induction 电磁感应Magnetic equator(meridian, moment) 地磁赤道（子午线，矩）Magnetic permeability（polarization）磁导率(极化) Paleomagnetism 古地磁学Magneto-telluric method 大地磁法Audio magneto-telluric method (AMT) 音频大地磁法Controlled source AMT method (CSAMT) 可控源音频大地磁法Airborne electromagnetic method (AEM) 航空电磁法Transient EM method (TEM) 瞬变电磁法Long offset TEM (LOTEM) 长偏移距瞬变电磁法Magnetometers (magnetic gradiometer) 磁力仪（磁梯度仪）Global positioning system (GPS) 全球定位系统International Geomagnetic Reference Field (IGRF) 国际地磁参考场ElectricalApparent resistivity 视电阻率Conductivity 电导率Dielectric polarization 电介质极化Electrical profiling (sounding) 电剖面法(测深)Self (spontaneous)potential method 自然电位法Electromagnetic method (EM) 电磁法Induced polarization (IP) 激发极化法(Nuclear) magnetic resonance (核)磁共振pole-dipole array 单极-偶极排列Transient electromagnetic(TEM) 瞬变电磁Electrical impedance 电阻抗Telluric current method 大地电流法Equipotential line method 等位线法Electric transient method 瞬变电法spontaneous polarization 瞬时极化Resistivity Method 电阻率法SeismicAbnormal events 异常同相轴Acoustic impedance 声波阻抗Incident angle (wave) 入射角(波)Apparent velocity 视速度Static correction 静校正Dynamic correction 动校正Energy attenuation 能量衰减Coherent noise 相关(相干)噪声Common midpoint gather(CMP) 共中心点道集Common source point gather (CSP) 共炮点道集Common offset gather (stack) 共偏移距道集(叠加) Reflected (refracted, converted) wave 反射（折射、转换）波Critical angle (distance) 临界角(距离)De + convolution 反+ 褶积Elastic impedance 弹性阻抗(声阻抗) Geophone (Receiver) 地震检波器(接收器) Group(interval) velocity 群（层）速度Pre(Post) + stack migration 叠前（叠后）偏移Normal moveout correction 正常时差校正Raypath (wavefront) 射线路径（波前）Ray tracing (wavefield simulation) 射线追踪（波场模拟）Reflection coefficient 反射系数Wide-angle reflection (refraction) 广（宽）角反射（折射）Reverse time migration 逆时间偏移Root-mean-square (RMS) 均方根seismic-electric effect 震电效应seismogram (seismograph) 震相图(地震仪)Wave form inversion 波型反演Shearing wave (stress, strain) 剪切波（应力、应变）Non zero-offset 非零偏移距Time-shift correction 时移校正Bright spot technology 亮点技术Normal Moveout Correction 正常时差校正Interval velocity 层（间）速度Migration imaging 偏移成像Seismic resolution 地震分辨率Hydrocarbon identification (HCI) 碳氢识别LogBorehole (well) log 测井曲线(记录) Acoustic log 声波测井Density log (densilog) 密度测井Electrical log 电测井microresistivity log (microlog) 微电阻率测井Neutron log 中子测井Radioactivity log 放射性测井Sonic log 声波测井Data processingAuto (cross) correlation 自（互）相关Automatic gain control 自动增益控制Band-pass filter 带通滤波器boundary-value problem 边值问题Initial-value problem 初值问题Contour map 等值线图Dynamic range 动态范围Engineering (Environmental) geophysics 工程(环境)地球物理学Flow chart 流程图Impulse response 脉冲响应Inverse Fourier transform 傅里叶逆变换Kernel function 核函数Least-squares fit 最小二乘法拟合Remote sensing 遥感Signal-to-noise ratio 信噪比Standard deviation 标准差Covariance matrix 协方差矩阵Steepest descent method (SD) 最速下降法Algebra reconstruction tomography (ART) 代数重建成像Simultaneous iterative reconstruction Tomography (SIRT) 同时迭代成像Conjugate gradient method (CG) 共轭梯度法Singular value decomposition method (SVD) 奇异值分解法Transient Frequency 瞬时频率Parallel computing technology 并行计算技术Rapid relaxation algorithm 快速松弛算法Quasi-linear method 准（拟）线性法Anisotropy parameters 各向异性参数Inelastic attenuation factors 非弹性衰减因子SEG 勘探地球物理学家联合会EAGE 欧洲地质科学家和工程学家联合会Data reduction 数据补偿Analytic signal 解析信号OthersGeothermal prospecting 地热勘探Engineering (Environmental) geophysics 工程(环境)地球物理学Ground penetrating Radar (GPR) 地质雷达Geo-technical engineering 土木工程Geology engineering 地质工程Earthquake engineering 地震工程3D Advanced Visual System (A VS) 三维可视化系统Virtual Reality Technology (VR) 虚拟现实技术Vertical Seismic Profiling (VSP) 垂直地震剖面Seismic while drilling 随钻地震Science citation index (SCI) 科技引文指数Engineering index (IE) 工程引文指数Effective media theory 有效介质理论Cellular automata 细胞自动机Fractal theory 分形理论Chaos theory 混沌理论Stochastic wave theory 随机波动理论Neutral network 神经网络Artificial intelligence 人工智能4、Translation short paragraph from English to ChineseTwo short paragraphs each from “Electrical Prospecting Methods” (lecture 10) and “Basic processing steps for explosion seismology” (lecture 6) for majoring in geophysical prospecting.Tw o short paragraphs each from “The Earth’s Gravity and the Concept of Isostasy” (lecture 3) and “Basic processing steps for explosion seismology”(lecture 6) for majoring in Solid geophysics.5、Translation short paragraph from Chinese to EnglishTwo paragraphs each from Home works for VSP and AVO translation from Chinese to English both for majoring solid geophysics and geophysicalprospecting.。
地球物理专业英文科普
地球物理专业英文科普Geophysics: Unraveling Earth's Secrets.Geophysics, a branch of Earth science, delves into the physical processes shaping our planet, from its dynamiccore to its diverse surface. By employing a diverse arrayof methods, from seismic waves to electromagnetism, geophysicists strive to understand the hidden workings of Earth's interior, the forces that drive its tectonic plates, and the interactions between its atmosphere, oceans, and landmasses.Exploring Earth's Core.At the heart of our planet lies a molten iron core, generating Earth's magnetic field and fueling the movementof its tectonic plates. Geophysicists use seismic waves, generated by earthquakes or controlled explosions, to probe this enigmatic region. By analyzing the speed and direction of these waves as they travel through Earth's layers,scientists can map the size, shape, and density of the core. Unveiling Earth's Structure.Beyond the core, Earth's mantle and crust form distinct layers with varying compositions and properties. Seismic tomography, a technique that combines data from multiple earthquakes, allows geophysicists to create 3D images of Earth's interior. These images reveal hidden structures, such as subducted oceanic plates, mantle plumes, andancient mountain ranges.Investigating Plate Tectonics.Plate tectonics, the theory that Earth's lithosphere is divided into large, moving plates, is a central tenet of geophysics. Geophysicists employ a range of techniques, including GPS measurements, earthquake monitoring, and satellite imagery, to track plate movements. By studying plate boundaries, they unravel the processes responsiblefor earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and mountain building.Probing Earth's Surface.Geophysicists also explore the outermost layers of Earth, investigating the physical properties of rocks, soils, and water. Using ground-penetrating radar, magnetic surveys, and resistivity measurements, they can identify subsurface structures, detect hidden aquifers, and assess the stability of soil formations. These techniques arevital for environmental monitoring, mineral exploration,and infrastructure planning.Understanding Climate and Weather.Geophysics extends its reach beyond Earth's solid structure, embracing the study of its atmosphere, oceans, and ice sheets. Geophysicists use numerical models,satellite observations, and field measurements to unravel the complex interactions that govern Earth's climate system. By monitoring changes in atmospheric composition, oceanic currents, and ice cover, they contribute to our understanding of climate change and its potential consequences.Harnessing Earth's Resources.Geophysical methods play a pivotal role in the exploration and extraction of Earth's natural resources. Seismic surveys, gravity measurements, and electromagnetic imaging are used to identify oil and gas reservoirs, mineral deposits, and geothermal energy sources. These techniques help ensure responsible and sustainable resource management.Geophysics in Everyday Life.The applications of geophysics extend far beyond academic research. From predicting earthquakes and volcanic eruptions to monitoring groundwater resources and assessing soil stability, geophysical knowledge is essential for mitigating natural hazards, protecting infrastructure, and safeguarding human well-being.Careers in Geophysics.Geophysics offers a diverse range of career opportunities, spanning academia, industry, and government agencies. Geophysicists work in a variety of settings, from research laboratories and university campuses to fieldsites and exploration companies. With a strong grounding in physics, mathematics, and computing, geophysicists possess valuable skills for addressing some of the most pressing challenges facing our planet.Conclusion.Geophysics is a captivating field that combines scientific curiosity with practical applications. By exploring the hidden depths of our planet and understanding its dynamic processes, geophysicists contribute to our knowledge of Earth's history, its present state, and its potential future. Their work not only enhances ourscientific understanding but also has tangible benefits for society, ensuring the sustainable use of resources, mitigating natural hazards, and safeguarding our environment.。
地球物理专业英语常用单词..
raypath:射线路径 ray tracing: 射线追踪 realtime: 实时 record section 记录剖面 reflection coefficient:反射系数 reflection survey: 反射法勘探refraction: 折射 refraction survey: 折射法勘探 refraction wave: 折射波： residualnormal moveout: 剩余正常时差reverberation: 交混回响 reverse migration:逆偏移 Ricker wavelet: 雷克子波 rmsvelocity 均方根速度 R-wave: 瑞雷波。
scattering:散射 secondary wave 次波 SEG A, SEG B, or SEG C 标准磁带格式 seismic:地震的 seismic discontinuity: 地震不连续面seismic-electric effect: 震电效应 seismic survey: 地震勘探 seismogram:震相图 seismograph: 地震仪，地震检波器 seismologist: 地震学家，地震工作者 seismology 地震学 shear modulus:剪切模量 shear wave:剪切波 shotpoint: 炮点 shotpoint gap: 炮点间隙 S/N:信噪比。
Snell's law: 斯奈尔定律 sparker: 电火花震源 spherical divergence 球面扩散 stack 叠加 Ground mixing 地面混波 Instrument mixing仪器混波 Vertical stacking 垂直叠加 Upholestacking 井口时间叠加 Common-depth-point (CDP) stacking 共深 度点叠加 Common-offset stacking 同炮检距叠加地球物理专业英语常用单词 Velocity filtering 速度滤波Coherency filtering / Auto-picking 波/自动拾取相干滤 Diversity stacking 相异叠加 Automigrating 自动偏移 stacking velocity: 叠加速度 Stoneley wave:斯通利波 streamer:海上拖缆 S-wave:S-波 synthetic seismogram:合成地震记录 tangential wave: 切向波 trace equalization: 道均衡trace gather:道选排，道集 trace integration: 道积分，道综合 transformed wave: 变换波 trough:波谷 velocity analysis: 速度分析velocity filter: 速度滤波 velocity inversion: 速度反转 velocity spectrum: 速度谱 velocity survey 速度测量 wave equation: 波动方程wave form: 波形 wavefront: 波阵面 wave impedance: 波阻抗 wide-angle reflection: 广角反射 Young's modulus: 杨氏模量 zero-phase:零相位Zoeppritz's equations: 佐普里兹方程 acoustic log 声波测井 amplitude log: 声幅测井 borehole gravimeter:井下重力仪 borehole log 测井曲线calibrate 校正 densilog 密度测井 density log: 密度测井 dip log 地层倾角测井 dipmeter 地层倾角测井electrical log: 电测井 gamma-gamma log: 伽马 -伽马测井 gamma-ray log: γ射线测井 induction log: 感应测井microlog 微电阻率测井neutron log: 中子测井radioactivity log: 放射性测井sonic log:声波测井spectral log 能谱测井velocity log: 声速测井well log: 钻井记录，测井Ampere' s law:安培定律angular frequency: 角频率Anomaly: 异常anticline: 背斜array:排列autocorrelation: 自相关background:背景值band-limited function: 频截函数band-pass:带通band-reject filter: 带阻滤波器bandwidth: 带宽base of weathering: 低速带底面boundary condition: 边界条件boundary-value problem: 边值问题byte:字节characteristic value:Eigenvalue 特性值/ 特征值Complex number 复数contour:等值线contour interval: 等值线间隔convolution: 褶积crust:地壳curl:旋度db:Decibel. 分贝。
物理专业英语词汇P
物理专业英语词汇(P) p i n diode p i n 极管p i n junction p i n 结p n i p transistor p n i p 晶体管p n junction p n 结p n p j unction p n p 结p n p n junction p n p n 结p n p n transistor p n p n 晶体管p p junction p p 结p type semiconductor p 型半导体p wave p 波pachymeter 测厚计packing 填塞packing effect 聚集效应packing fraction 聚集率packing loss 聚集效应padua model of the nucleon核子的帕多瓦模型pair 偶pair annihilation 偶湮没pair correlation function 对相关函数pair creation 偶产生pair interaction 偶相互酌pair potential 对势pair production 偶产生pairing energy 对能pairing interaction 偶相互酌pairing rotation 对转动pairing vibration 对振动palaeo astrobiology古天体生物学palaeomagnetism 古地磁学palaeovolcanology 古火山学paleobiogeochemistry古生物地球化学palladium 车钯panalyzor多能分析仪panofsky ratio 帕诺夫斯基比panoramic lens 全景镜头panoramic telescope 全景望远镜paper capacitor 纸电容器paper chromatography 纸色谱法para state 仲态para statistics 仲统计法parabola抛物线parabolic antenna 抛物面天线parabolic curve 抛物曲线parabolic orbit抛物线轨道parabolic potential 抛物线势parabolic reflector抛物面反射器parabolic type 抛物型paraboloid 抛物面paraboloid of revolution 回转抛物面paracrystal 仲晶paradox 佯谬parahelium 仲氦parahydrogen 仲氢parallactic angle 视差角parallactic ellipse 视差椭圆parallactic motion 视差动parallax 视差parallel circuit 并联电路parallel connection 并联parallel cut y 切割parallel displacement 平行位移parallel plate capacitor 平行板形电容器parallel plate condenser 平行板形电容器 parallelogram of forces 力平行四边形 paramagnet 顺磁体paramagnetic absorption 顺磁性吸收paramagnetic element 顺磁性元素paramagnetic material 顺磁物质paramagnetic relaxation 顺磁弛豫paramagnetic resonance 顺磁共振paramagnetic resonance absorption 顺磁共振吸收paramagnetic substance 顺磁物质paramagnetic susceptibility 顺磁磁化率paramagnetism 顺磁性paramagnon顺磁振子parameter 参量parameter of state 态变数parametric amplifier 参量放大器parametric excitation 参量激发parametron 参数器parasitic ferromagnetism 寄生铁磁性parasitic oscillation 寄生振荡parasitic resonance 寄生共振paraterm 仲项paraxial rays近轴光线parent element 母元素parent mass peak 原始峰parent peak 原始峰parhelium 仲氦parity宇称parity conservation law 宇称守恒律parity violation宇称不守恒parsec秒差距partial dislocation 分位错partial equilibrium 部分平衡partial polarization 部分偏振partial pressure 分压partial wave 分波partial wave analysis 分波分析partial wave expansion 分波展开partially conserved axial vector current 轴矢量分守恒partially polarized light 部分偏振光particle 粒子particle acceleration 粒子加速particle accelerator 粒子加速器particle antiparticle conjugation 正反粒子共轭particle aspect of matter 物质的粒子观点particle beam 粒子束particle booster 注入加速器particle collisions 粒子碰撞particle concentration 粒子浓度particle counter 粒子计数器particle hole interaction 粒子空穴相互酌particle hole theory粒子空穴理论particle hole transformation 粒子空穴变换particle particle correlation 粒子粒子相关particle separation 粒子分离particle separator 粒子分离器particle track detector粒子径迹探测器particle transfer reaction 粒子转移反应partition function 统计和parton model部分子模型pascal 帕pascal,s principle 帕斯卡原理paschen back effect帕邢巴克效应paschen runge mounting 帕邢朗格装置paschen series 帕邢系passive electric circuit 无源电路passive network 无源网络passive state 被动状态passivity被动状态path路径path difference 程差path integral路径积分path of vision 视线path tracking星艮踪飞行轨道pattern 图形pattern recognition 图样识另ljpatterson function 帕特森函数patterson method帕特森方法pauli approximation 泡利近似pauli exclusion principle 泡利不相容原理pauli matrix 泡利矩阵pauli paramagnetism 泡利顺磁性pauli principle泡利不相容原理pauli spinor泡利旋量pauli villars regularization 泡利维拉斯正规化pavo孔雀座peak 峰peak energy峰值能量峰peak power峰值功率peak voltage 峰压pearl necklace model珍珠颈挂式模型peculiar galaxy 特殊星系peculiar minor planet 特殊小行星pegasus飞马座peierls potential 佩尔斯势peierls transition 佩尔斯跃迁pellet compression 靶丸压缩pellet implosion 靶丸爆聚pellets 靶丸peltier effect珀耳帖效应pencil 束pencil beam survey 深巡天pencil of light 光束pendular oscillation 摆振动pendulum 摆pendulum clock 摆钟penetrability 贯穿性penetrating power 贯穿本领penetrating shower 贯穿簇射penetration depth 穿透深度penetration depth of london 伦敦穿透深度penetrometer 透度计penning discharge 彭宁放电penning effect 彭宁效应penning gage 彭宁真空计penning ion source 彭宁离子源penning ionization 彭宁电离penrose diagramm彭罗斯图形penrose lattice彭罗斯点阵penrose tile彭罗斯点阵pentagonal prism 五角棱镜pentane lamp 戊烷灯pentode五极管pentration 贵穿penumbra 半影percent百分率percolating network 渗透网络percolation 渗滤percussion 冲击perfect conductivity 理想导电性perfect conductor 理想导体perfect cosmological principle 完全宇宙原理perfect crystal 理想晶体perfect diamagnetism 理想抗磁性perfect elasto plastic body 完全弹塑性体perfect fluid 完全铃perfect gas理想气体perfect liquid 理想液体perfect polarization 全极化perfect solution 理想溶液perfectly black body 绝对黑体perfectly elastic body 完全弹性体perfectly elastic collision 完全弹性碰撞perfectly inelastic collision 完全非弹性碰撞 period 周期period luminosity relation 周期光度关系period of oscillation 振荡周期period of revolution 公转周期periodic comet 周期彗星periodic error 周期误差periodic law 周期律periodic motion 周期运动periodic orbit 周期轨道periodic potential 周期势periodic system 周期系periodic table 周期表periodic zone 周期带peripheral collision 边缘碰撞peripheral reaction 圆周反应peripheral vision 周边视觉periscope潜望镜permalloy坡莫合金permanent magnet 永磁铁permeability 磁导率permeameter 磁导计permeance 磁导permissible dose 容许剂量permissible error 容许误差permissible stress 容许应力permissible tolerance 容许剂量permitted line 容许谱线permittivity介电常数permutation 排列permutation group 置换群permutation operator 置换算符perovskite structure 钙钛矿型结构perpendicular band 正交带perpendicular susceptibility 垂直磁化率perpetual mobile 永恒机关perpetual motion 永恒运动perpetuum mobile 永动机perpetuum mobile of the first kind 第一类永动机perpetuum mobile of the second kind 第二类永动机perseus英仙座persistence of vision 视觉暂留persistent current 持久电流persistent line 暂留谱线personal computer 个人计算机personal error 人为误差personal monitor 个人剂量计personal monitoring 个人监测perturbation 微扰perturbation energy 微扰能perturbation method 摄动法perturbation theory 微扰理论perturbed motion 受摄运动perveance电子管导电系数peta拍它petra正负电子串列存储环型加速器petrapfund series 芬德系phantom人体模型phase相位phase advance capacitor 相位超前电容器phase angle 相位角phase average 相平均phase boundary 相界phase coherent state 相位相干态phase conjugate interferometry 相位共轭干涉法phase contrast 相衬phase contrast method 相衬法phase contrast microscope 相衬显微镜phase diagram 平衡图phase difference 相位差phase discriminator相位鉴别器鉴相器phase displacement 相移phase distortion 相位畸变phase equilibrium 相平衡phase grating相位衍射光栅phase hologram相位全息图phase locked loop 锁相环路phase locking 锁相phase locking technique 锁相法phase margin 相位容限phase matching 相位平衡phase meter 功率因数计phase mode 相位模phase modulation 掂phase orbit 相轨道phase oscillation 相位振动phase retrieval 相位复原phase rule 相律phase sensitive detection 相敏检波phase separation 相分离phase shift 相移phase shift oscillator 相移振荡器phase shifter 移相器phase space 相宇phase space average 相平均phase stability相位稳定性phase transformation 相变phase transition 相变phase transition of the first kind 第一类相变phase transition of the second kind 第二类相变 phase transition of vacuum 真空相变 phase velocity 相速度phase voltage 相电压 phase volume 相体积 phason起伏量子 phasotron稳相加速器 phenomenon 现象 phoenix凤凰座 phon 方phonometer 声响度计 phonon声子 phonon drag 声子曳弓I phonon echo 声子回波 phonon excitation 声子激发phosphor磷光体 phosphorescence 磷光 phot辐透photo acoustic spectroscopy 光声光谱学 photo magnetoelectric effect 光磁电效应 photoacoustics 光声学 photoactivation 光激活 photobiology光生物学photocathode光电阴极 photocell光电池 photoceram光敏玻璃陶瓷 photochemical reaction 光化反应photochemical system 光化学系统 photochemistry 光化学photochromic glass 光变色玻璃 photocolorimeter 光电比色计 photoconduction 光电导 photoconductive cell 光电导管 photoconductive effect 内光电效应photoconductivity 光电导性 photocurrent 光电流photodensitometer 光密度计 photodensitometry光密度分析法 photodetachment 光致脱离 photodetector 光探测器photodiode光电二极管 photoeffect光电效应photoelastic effect 光弹性效应 photoelastic holography 光弹性全息照相 photoelasticimeter光致弹性测量计 photoelasticity 光弹性photoelectret 光永电体photoelectric absorption 光电吸收 photoelectric cell 光电池 photoelectric current 光电流 photoelectric effect 光电效应 photoelectric emission 光电发射photoelectric microphotometer 光电测微光度计photoelectric photometer 光电光度计 photoelectric photometry 光电测光 photoelectric pyrometer 光电高温计 photoelectric threshold 光电阈 photoelectric tube 光电管 photoelectricity 光电 photoelectromagnetic effect 光电磁效应 photoelectron 光电子 photoelectron spectroscopy 光电子谱学 photoemission 光电发射photoexcitation 光激发 photofission光核裂变photogalvanic effect 光生伏打效应 photographicapparatus 照相机 photographic camera 照相机photographic density 照相密度 photographic emulsion 照相乳胶 photographic film 软片 photographic lens 照相物镜 photographic magnitude 照相星等 photographic material 照相材料 photographic photometry 照相测光学photographic plate 照相底板 photographic telescope 天体照相机 photography 照相术 photogun光电子枪photoionization 光致电离 photoirradiation 光致辐照photoluminescence 光致发光 photolysis 光解酌photomagnetic effect 光磁效应 photometer 光度计photometric cube 光度计立方体 photometric distance 测光距离 photometric elements 测光要素 photometric quantity 光度量 photometric standard 光度学标准photometric unit 光度单位 photometric wedge 测光楔photometrical paradox 奥伯斯佯谬 photometry 光度学photomicrograph显微镜照片 photomicroscopic 显微照相机 photomultiplier光电倍增管 photomultiplier tube 光电倍增管 photon光子photon counting method 光子计数法 photon coupled pair 光导发光元件 photon echo 光子回波photon gas 光子气体 photon packet 光子束photonegative effect 负光电效应 photoneutron 光中子photonuclear fission 光核裂变 photonuclear reaction 光核反应 photophoresis 光致迁动 photopic vision 亮视觉 photoplate照相底板 photoradiometer 光辐射计photorecorder自动记录照相机 photoresist光致抗蚀剂photosemiconductor 光半导体 photosensitive resin 光敏尸 photosensitivity 光灵敏度 photosensitization 光敏化 photosphere 光球photostatistics光子统计学 photosynthesis 光合酌phototelegraphy 传真photothermal displacement 光照位移 phototransistor光电晶体管 photovisual magnitude 仿视星等 photovoltaic effect光生伏打效应 physical chaos 物理混沌 physical chemistry 物理化学 physical constant 物理常数physical double star 物理双星 physical libration 物理天平动 physical mathematics 物理数学 physical oceanography 海洋物理学 physical optics 物理光学physical pendulum 复摆physical photometer 物理光度计physical photometry 物理光度学physical property 物理性质physical quantity 物理量physical roentgen equivalent 物理伦琴当量physical variable 物理变星physicist物理学家physico chemical物理化学的physics物理学physics of heat 热物理学physics of metals金属物理学physiological acoustics 生理声学pi bond 键pi electron 电子pi electron approximation 电子近似pi meson 介子pi orbital 轨道pick up reaction 拾取反应pico微微picofarad微微法picosecond 微微秒picosecond laser微微秒激光器picosecond light pulse 微微秒光脉冲picosecond spectroscopy 微微秒光谱学pictor绘架座pid action比例积分微分酌pierce type crystal oscillator 皮尔斯石英振荡器pierce type electron gun 皮尔斯电子枪piezo ceramic element 压电陶瓷元件piezo semiconductor transducer 压电半导体换能器piezoceramics 压电陶瓷piezochromism 受压变色piezoelectric 压电piezoelectric actuator 压电传动装置piezoelectric axis 压电轴piezoelectric constant 压电常数piezoelectric crystal 压电晶体piezoelectric effect 压电效应piezoelectric element 压电元件piezoelectric loudspeaker 压电扬声器piezoelectric modulus 压电模量piezoelectric oscillator 压电振荡器piezoelectric polaron 压电极化子piezoelectric transducer 压电转换器piezoelectric vibration 压电振动piezoelectricity 压电piezometer液体压力计piezoresistor压电电阻器piezotropy 压性pile反应堆pile oscillator 反应堆振荡器pile up effect脉冲堆积效应pilot lamp指示灯pinch effect箍缩效应pinching自压缩pinhole camera针孔照相机pinning 锁住pinning center 锁住中心pinning force 锁住力pinning potential 锁住势pion介子pion beam 介子束pion condensation 介子凝聚pionic atom 介原子pionization介子化过程pipe导管pipe line 导管pippard equation皮帕德方程pirani gage 皮拉尼压力计pisces双鱼座piscis austrinus 南鱼座pitot tube皮托管planar transistor 平面晶体管planck mass普朗克质量planck time普朗克时间planck's constant 普朗克常数planck's function 普朗克函数planck's fundamental length 普朗克基本长度planck's law of radiation 普朗克辐射定律plane concave lens 平凹透镜plane convex lens 平凸透镜plane fault 面缺陷plane grating平面光栅plane mirror 平面镜plane of incidence 入射面plane of polarization 偏光面plane of projection 射影平面plane of symmetry 对称面plane polarization 平面偏振plane polarized light 平面偏振光plane polarized wave 平面偏振波plane wave 平面波planet行星planetarium 天象仪planetary aberration 行星光行差planetary cosmogony 行星演化学planetary geology 行星地质学planetary nebula行星状星云planetary system 行星系planetesimal theory 星子论planetesimals 星子planetoid小行星planimeter 测面仪plano concave lens 平凹透镜plano convex lens 平凸透镜plano cylindrical lens 平圆柱透镜plano spherical lens平面球面透镜plasma等离子体plasma accelerator 等离子体加速器plasma balance等离子体平衡plasma cluster 等离子粒团plasma confinement等离子体禁闭plasma containment等离子体禁闭plasma diagnostics等离子体诊断学plasma dispersion function等离子体弥散函数plasma echo等离子体回波plasma engine等离子体发动机plasma focus等离子体聚焦点plasma frequency 等离子体频率plasma gun等离子体枪plasma heating等离子体加热plasma instability等离子体不稳定性plasma membrane 原生质膜plasma oscillation等离子体振荡plasma physics等离子体物理学plasma potential等离子体势plasma source等离子体源plasma wave等离子体波plasmapause等离子体层顶plasmasphere等离子层plasmoid等离子粒团plasmon等离振子plasmon excitation等离振子激发plastic anisotropy 塑性蛤异性plastic deformation 塑性变形plastic flow 塑性怜plastic material 塑胶plastic potential 塑性势plastic wave 塑性波plastic yield塑性屈服plasticity 塑性plastics 塑胶plate正极plate battery阳极电池组plate circuit板极电路plate current 板极电流plate detection 板极检波plate resistance 板极电阻plate tectonics 板块构造plate voltage板极电压plateau 坪platinum 铂platinum group elements 铂族元素platinum resistance thermometer 铂电阻温度计pleochroic halo 多向色晕pleochroism 多色性pleochromatism 多色性plk method plk 法plot标绘plotter标绘器plug插头plural scattering 多重散射plus 加plus sign 加口号pluto冥王星plutonium 钵plutonium reactor 钚堆plutonium regeneration 钵再生pluviometer 雨量器pneumatic laser气动激光器pockels cell波克尔斯盒pocket dosimeter袖珍剂量计pocket of air 气囊point at infinity 无穷远点point charge 点电荷point contact rectifier 点接触整流point contact transistor 点接触晶体管point defect 点缺陷point discharge 尖端放电point group 点群point lattice 点晶格point of action 酌点point of application 酌点point of contact 接触点point source of light 点光源poise 泊poiseuille flow 泊萧叶怜poiseuille,s law泊萧叶定律poisson bracket 泊松括号poisson equation 泊松方程poisson process 泊松过程poisson,s ratio 泊松比polar aurora 极光polar binding 极性键polar bond极性键polar cap 极冠polar cap absorption 极冠吸收polar crystal极性晶体polar gas极性气体polar light 极光polar liquid极性液体polar molecule 极性分子polar motion 极运动polar sequence 北极星序polar telescope 天极仪polar triangle 极三角形polar vector 极矢量polar wandering 极运动polar year 极年polarimeter 偏振计polarimetry测偏振术polaris北极星polarisation angle布儒斯特偏振角polariscope偏振光镜polariton电磁耦合振子polarity 极性polarizability 极化率polarizability ellipsoid 极化率椭球polarization 极化polarization charge 极化电荷polarization current 极化电流polarization curve 极化曲线polarization factor 极化因数polarization filter 偏振滤光镜polarization force 极化力polarization interferometer 偏振干涉仪polarization microscope 偏光显微镜polarization of neutron 中子的极化polarization orbital 极化轨道polarization potential 极化势polarization spectroscopy 偏振光光谱学polarized beam 极化束polarized ion source 极化离子源polarized light 偏振光polarized neutron diffraction technique 极化中子衍射法polarized nucleus 极化核polarized raman scattering 偏振喇曼散射polarized relay极化继电器polarized target 极化靶polarizer起偏器偏振器polarizing filter 偏振滤光镜polarizing microscope 偏光显微镜polarizing prism 偏振棱镜polarograph 极谱仪polarography 极谱学polaroid偏光片polaron极化子pole 极pole of ecliptic 黄极pole piece 极片pole shoe 极片pole strength磁极强度polestar北极星polhode心迹线polishing 抛光poloidal magnetic field 极向磁场polonium 车卜polyatomic molecule 多原子分子polycondensation 缩聚酌polycrystal 多晶polycrystalline material 多晶物质polydisperse system 多色散系polygon of forces 力多边形polygonization 多边形化polymer聚合物polymer complex聚合络合物polymer crystal 聚合晶体polymer effect 聚合效应polymerization 聚合polymerization of protein 蛋白质聚合polymolecularity 多分子性polymorphism 多形性polyphase 多相polyphase current 多相电流polytrope多变性polytropic change多方状态变化polytropic index 多方指标polytropic process 多变过程pomeranchuk effect坡密朗丘克效应pomeranchuk theorem坡密兰丘克定理pomeron坡密子pool type reactor 池式堆population 全域population inversion 粒子数反转pore小黑子porosity多孔性porous flow 多孔流position 位置position resolution 位置分辨率position sensitive detector对位置灵敏的探测器position vector 位置矢量positive 正片positive charge 正电菏positive column 阳极区positive crystal 正晶体positive electricity 正电positive electrode 阳极positive electron 正电子positive element 正元素positive eyepiece 正目镜positive feedback 正反馈positive hole 空子positive ion 阳离子positive lens 正透镜positive magnetostriction 正磁致伸缩positive meniscus 凹凸透镜positive meson 正介子positive rays 阳射线positon正电子positron正电子positron annihilation 正电子湮没positron beam 正电子束positron channeling 正电子沟道positron electron annihilation 偶湮没positron electron tandem ring accelerator 正负电子串列存储环型加速器petrapositron emission 正电子发射positron factory 正电子工厂positron spectroscopy 正电子谱学positronium电子偶素post newtonian approximation 后牛顿近似post nova燃后新星post post newtonian approximation 后后牛顿近似potassium 车甲potassium dihydrogenphosphate 磷酸二氢钾potential 势potential barrier 势垒potential difference 势差potential divider 分压器potential energy 势能potential energy curve 势能曲线potential field 势场potential flow 势流potential function 势函数potential instability 对粱稳定性potential motion 势运动potential scattering 势散射potential well 势阱potentiometer 电位计potts model波特模型pound 磅powder camera粉末照相机powder diffraction method 粉末法powder pattern粉末干涉象powder photography 粉末照相术power功率power amplification 功率放大power demonstration reactor 动力示范堆power density 功率密度power dissipation 耗散功率power factor 功率因数power factor meter 功率因数计power gain功率增益power of a lens透镜的焦强power reactor 动力堆power tube 功率管poynting robertson effect坡印廷罗伯逊效应poynting,s vector 坡印廷矢量practical system of units 实用单位制prandtl number 普朗特数praseodymium 错pre vacuum初真空pre vacuum pump 预备真空泵preacceleration 预加速preaccelerator 前加速器preamplifier前置放大器precession 旋进precession camera 旋进照相机precession of orbit 轨道旋进precessional constant 岁差常数precious metal 贵金属precipitation 沉淀precision精密度precision measurement 精密测量predict earthquake with catfish 用鲶鱼预报地震prediction 预报prediction of solar activity 太阳活动预告predissociation 预离解preferential recombination 优选复合preionization 预电离preliminary vacuum 初真空pressure 压力pressure broadening 压力增宽pressure coefficient 压力系数pressure dispersion 压力弥散pressure drag 压力阻pressure drop 压降pressure gage 压力表pressure head 压头pressure height equation 气压测高公式pressure of light 光压pressure of water vapor 水汽压pressure sensitive diode 压力敏感二极管pressure sensitive transistor 压力敏感晶体管pressure tensor 压强张量pressurized air 压缩空气pressurized water reactor 压水堆primakoff effect普里马科夫效应primary battery 原电池primary beam初级束流原射线束primary cell 原电池primary circuit 原电路primary colors 原色primary cosmic radiation 原宇宙辐射primary cosmic rays 原宇宙射线primary electron 原电子primary energy 一次能量primary ionization 一次电离primary rainbow 昼primary recrystallization 一次再结晶primary standard 原标准primary star 智primary target 初始靶primary thermometer 初始温度计primary voltage 初级电压prime meridian 零子午线prime vertical 卯酉圈primeval galaxy 原始星系primitive black hole 原始黑洞primitive lattice 初基点阵primordial solar nebula 太阳系星云principal axes of stress 应力轴principal axis 轴principal axis of inertia 惯性轴principal index for extraordinary ray 非常光线舟射率principal moment of inertia 矢口动惯量principal plane 纸面principal point 帚principal quantum number 挚子数principal ray 肘线principal refractive indices 舟射率principal series 诌系principal stress 枝力principle 原理principle of constancy of light velocity 光速不变原理principle of corresponding states 对应态原理principle of detailed balancing 细致平衡原理principle of entropy compensation 熵补偿原理principle of equal a priori probabilities 等验前概率原理principle of equipartition 均分原理principle of equivalence 等价原理principle of equivalence of mass and energy 质能当量原理principle of indeterminancy 测不准原理principle of least action 最小酌原理principle of least constraint 最小约束运动原理principle of microscopic reversibility 微观可逆性原理principle of minimum dissipation of energy 最小能量耗散原理principle of relativity 相对性原理principle of reversibility 可逆性原理principle of superposition 叠加原理principle of virtual displacement 虚位移原理principle of virtual work 虚功原理printed board印刷电路板printed circuit 印刷电路printer打印机prism棱镜prism angle 棱镜角prism spectrograph 棱镜摄谱仪prism spectroscope 棱镜分光镜prismatic transit instrument 折轴中星仪probability 概率probability current density 概率淋度probability density 概率密度probability distribution 概率分布probability distribution function 概率分布函数probability function 概率函数probability of collision 碰撞概率probable error 概率误差probe探头probe charge试探电荷probe method 探测法problem of three bodies 三体问题process control 过程控制product nucleus 生成核production 产生production of entropy 熵产生profile drag翼型阻力profile monitor剖面监测器prognosis 预报program 程序program library 程序库programme 程序programming language 程序设计语言progressive wave 前进波projecting lens 投影透镜projection 投影projection of crystal 晶体投影projection operator 投影算符projector投影器幻灯promethium 专钷prominence 日珥prominence spectroscope 日珥分光镜prompt neutron 瞬发中子propagation 传播propagation constant 传播常数propagation of sound 声传播propagation velocity 传播速度propagator传播函数proper channeling 本盏道proper field 固有场proper lorentz group 固有洛伦兹群proper motion 自行proper time 原时proper tone 固有音proper value 本盏proportion 比例proportional component 比例分量proportional counter 正比计数管proportional ionization chamber 正比电离室proportionality factor 比例系数protoatmosphere 原大气protocol 协议proton质子proton accelerator 质子加速器proton antiproton collision 质子反质子碰撞proton decay 质子衰变proton induced x ray analysis 质子激发 x 射线分析proton linear accelerator 质子直线加速器proton number 质子数proton spectrometer 质子谱仪proton synchrotron质子同步加速器protoplanet 原行星protostar原恒星protosun原太阳prototype 原型prototype meter 米原器proximity 附近proximity effect 邻近效应proximity switch 接近开关pseudo crossing 伪交叉pseudo crystal 伪晶体pseudo dipole interaction 伪偶极子相互酌pseudo energy gap 伪能隙pseudo equilibrium 伪平衡pseudo image 假象pseudo plastic flow 伪塑性流pseudo scalar 伪标量pseudo scalar coupling 伪标量耦合pseudo scalar meson 伪标介子pseudo tensor 伪张量pseudo vector 伪矢量pseudo vector coupling 伪矢量耦合pseudo wave 伪波pseudopotential 伪势pseudostate 伪态pseudosymmetry 伪对称pseudovariable 准变星pss method pss 法psychoacoustics 心理声学psychobiophysics心理生物物理学psychorheology 心理龄学psychrometer 干湿表ptolemaic system托勒玫体系pulsar脉冲星pulsating current 脉动电流pulsating star 脉动星pulsating universe 振动宇宙pulsating variable 脉动星pulsating voltage 脉动电压pulsation 脉动pulse脉冲pulse amplifier 脉冲放大器pulse code modulation 脉冲编码灯pulse coincidence 脉冲符合pulse decay脉冲衰减pulse discharge 脉冲放电pulse duration脉冲持续时间pulse generator脉冲发生器pulse height脉冲高度pulse height analyzer脉冲高度分析器pulse height discriminator 脉冲高度鉴别器pulse height selector脉冲高度选择器pulse interval 脉冲间隔pulse laser脉冲激光pulse length脉冲宽度pulse modulation 脉冲灯pulse motor脉冲电动机pulse neutron source脉冲式中子源pulse oscillator脉冲发生器pulse recurrence frequency 脉冲重复频率pulse repetition frequency 脉冲重复频率pulse shape脉冲波形pulse shape discriminator 脉冲波形鉴别器pulse shaper脉冲成形器pulse shaping脉冲成形pulse spacing脉冲间隔pulse transformer 脉冲变压器pulse width脉冲宽度pulse x rays脉冲x射线pulsed cyclotron脉冲回旋加速器pulsed ion source脉冲离子源pulsed neutron beam 脉冲中子束pulsimeter脉冲计数器pump 泵pumping 抽运pumping speed 抽速punctum remotum 远点pupil光瞳pupillary aperture 光瞳孔径puppis船尾座pure scattering 纯散射pure state 纯态pure tone 纯音purgemeter微量量计purity纯度purple light 柴光push button 按钮push pull推挽式push pull amplifier 推挽放大器pycnometer 比重瓶pyrex glass派热克斯玻璃pyrgeometer地面辐射表pyrheliometer直接日射强度计pyroelectricity 热电pyrogeology 火山学pyrology 热学pyromagnetism 高温磁学 pyrometer高温计 pyrometric cone 测温锥 pyrometry 高温测定法 pyxis罗盘座。
地球物理学词汇对照表精品文档20页
地球物理学词汇对照表工程词汇对照表方向观测法||method of direction observation,method by series；从起始方向开始依次观测所有方向，从而确定各方向相对于起始方向的水平角的观测方法。
测回||observation set；按一定规定，由若干次观测组成的测量单元。
归心元素||elements of centring；观测仪器定位中心或观测目标中心相对于控制点的标石中心偏差的坐标分量即偏心距、偏心角。
归心改正||correction for centring；将偏心观测值归化为控制点标石中心的观测值所进行的改正计算。
水平折光差||horizontal refraction error；视线通过不同密度的大气在水平方向产生的偏差。
基线||base line；三角测量中推算三角锁、网起算边长所依据的基本长度边。
基线测量||base line measurement；利用因瓦线尺直接丈量基线长度或水平控制网中的起始边长的测量技术和方法。
基线网||base line network；将直接丈量的较短的基线扩大成较长的起算边长所组成的图形。
精密导线测量||precise traversing；相邻点位的相对中误差不超过二等及二等以上规范限差要求的导线测量。
三角高程测量||trigonometric leveling；通过观测各边端点的天顶距，利用已知点高程和已知边长确定各点高程的测量技术和方法。
三角高程网||trigonometric leveling network；用三角高程测量方法测定相邻三角点高差的三角网。
铅垂线||plumb line；地球的重力方向线。
天顶距||zenith distance,zenith angle；由天顶沿地平经度圈量度到观测目标的角度。
高度角||elevation angle,altitude angle；测站至观测目标的方向线与水平面间的夹角。
物理学专业英语
物理学专业英语以下是一些常见的物理学专业英语词汇：1. Newton 牛顿2. acceleration 加速度3. velocity 速度4. momentum 动量5. potential energy 势能6. kinetic energy 动能7. conservation of energy 能量守恒8. law of conservation of momentum 动量守恒定律9. gravitation 重力10. mass 质11. weight 重量12. force 力13. electric charge 电荷14. electric field 电场15. potential difference 电压差16. current 电流17. resistance 电阻18. voltage 电压19. capacitance 电容20. inductance 电感21. quantum mechanics 量子力学22. special relativity 狭义相对论23. general relativity 广义相对论24. elementary particles 基本粒子25. Higgs boson 希格斯玻色子26. antimatter反物质27. virtual particles 虚粒子28. uncertainty principle 不确定性原理29. wave-particle duality 波粒二象性30. quantum entanglement 量子纠缠31. classical mechanics 经典力学32. statistical mechanics 统计力学33. thermodynamics 热力学34. fluid mechanics 流体力学35. optics 光学36. acoustics 声学37. electromagnetism 电磁学38. weak interaction 弱相互作用39. strong interaction 强相互作用40. quantum chromodynamics 量子色动力学。
地球物理专业英语常用单词
地球物理专业英语常用单词raypath:射线路径ray tracing:射线追踪real time:实时record section记录剖面reflection coefficient:反射系数reflection survey:反射法勘探refraction:折射refraction survey:折射法勘探refraction wave:折射波：residual normal moveout:剩余正常时差reverberation:交混回响reverse migration:逆偏移Ricker wavelet:雷克子波rms velocity均方根速度R-wave:瑞雷波。
scattering:散射secondary wave次波SEG A, SEG B, or SEG C标准磁带格式seismic:地震的seismic discontinuity:地震不连续面seismic-electric effect:震电效应seismic survey:地震勘探seismogram:震相图seismograph: 地震仪，地震检波器seismologist:地震学家，地震工作者seismology地震学shear modulus:剪切模量shear wave:剪切波shotpoint:炮点shotpoint gap:炮点间隙S/N:信噪比。
Snell's law: 斯奈尔定律sparker: 电火花震源spherical divergence球面扩散stack叠加Ground mixing地面混波Instrument mixing仪器混波Vertical stacking垂直叠加Uphole stacking井口时间叠加Common-depth-point (CDP) stacking共深度点叠加Common-offset stacking同炮检距叠加Velocity filtering 速度滤波Coherency filtering / Auto-picking 相干滤波/自动拾取Diversity stacking相异叠加Automigrating自动偏移stacking velocity:叠加速度Stoneley wave:斯通利波streamer:海上拖缆S-wave:S-波synthetic seismogram:合成地震记录tangential wave:切向波trace equalization:道均衡trace gather:道选排，道集trace integration:道积分，道综合transformed wave:变换波trough:波谷velocity analysis:速度分析velocity filter:速度滤波velocity inversion: 速度反转velocity spectrum:速度谱velocity survey速度测量wave equation:波动方程wave form:波形wavefront:波阵面wave impedance:波阻抗wide-angle reflection:广角反射Young's modulus:杨氏模量zero-phase:零相位Zoeppritz's equations:佐普里兹方程acoustic log声波测井amplitude log:声幅测井borehole gravimeter:井下重力仪borehole log测井曲线calibrate校正densilog密度测井density log:密度测井dip log地层倾角测井dipmeter地层倾角测井electrical log:电测井gamma-gamma log:伽马-伽马测井gamma-ray log:γ射线测井induction log:感应测井microlog微电阻率测井neutron log: 中子测井radioactivity log:放射性测井sonic log:声波测井spectral log能谱测井velocity log:声速测井well log:钻井记录，测井Ampere’s law:安培定律angular frequency:角频率Anomaly: 异常anticline:背斜array:排列autocorrelation:自相关background:背景值band-limited function:频截函数band-pass:带通band-reject filter:带阻滤波器bandwidth:带宽base of weathering:低速带底面boundary condition:边界条件boundary-value problem:边值问题byte:字节characteristic value:Eigenvalue特性值/特征值Complex number复数contour:等值线contour interval:等值线间隔convolution:褶积crust:地壳curl:旋度db:Decibel.分贝。
常用物理英语词汇(全)
常用物理英语词汇（全）1. Acceleration（加速度）：物体速度变化的快慢程度。
2. Amplitude（振幅）：波动或振动过程中，偏离平衡位置的最大距离。
3. Angular velocity（角速度）：物体绕固定点旋转时，单位时间内转过的角度。
4. Atom（原子）：物质的基本单位，由原子核和核外电子组成。
5. Capacitance（电容）：电容器储存电荷的能力。
6. Current（电流）：电荷的流动，单位为安培（A）。
7. Density（密度）：单位体积内物质的质量，单位为千克/立方米（kg/m³）。
8. Electric field（电场）：电荷周围空间对其产生作用力的区域。
9. Energy（能量）：物体做功或传递热量的能力，单位为焦耳（J）。
10. Force（力）：物体间的相互作用，使物体发生形变或改变运动状态。
11. Frequency（频率）：单位时间内完成周期性变化的次数，单位为赫兹（Hz）。
12. Gravitational force（重力）：地球对物体的吸引力。
13. Impulse（冲量）：力在作用时间内对物体的累积效应，等于动量的变化。
14. Inductance（电感）：电流变化时，产生电磁感应现象的能力。
15. Kinetic energy（动能）：物体由于运动而具有的能量。
16. Magnetic field（磁场）：磁体周围空间对其产生作用力的区域。
17. Momentum（动量）：物体运动状态的量度，等于质量与速度的乘积。
18. Ohm's law（欧姆定律）：电流、电压和电阻之间的关系，即I=V/R。
19. Potential energy（势能）：物体由于位置或状态而具有的能量。
20. Power（功率）：单位时间内完成的功，单位为瓦特（W）。
21. Pressure（压强）：单位面积上受到的力，单位为帕斯卡（Pa）。
22. Resistance（电阻）：电流通过导体时产生的阻碍作用。
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地球物理专业英语常用单词raypath:射线路径ray tracing:射线追踪real time:实时record section记录剖面reflection coefficient:反射系数reflection survey:反射法勘探refraction:折射refraction survey:折射法勘探refraction wave:折射波：residual normal moveout:剩余正常时差reverberation:交混回响reverse migration:逆偏移Ricker wavelet:雷克子波rms velocity均方根速度R-wave:瑞雷波。
scattering:散射secondary wave次波SEG A, SEG B, or SEG C标准磁带格式seismic:地震的seismic discontinuity:地震不连续面seismic-electric effect:震电效应seismic survey:地震勘探seismogram:震相图seismograph: 地震仪，地震检波器seismologist:地震学家，地震工作者seismology地震学shear modulus:剪切模量shear wave:剪切波shotpoint:炮点shotpoint gap:炮点间隙S/N:信噪比。
Snell's law: 斯奈尔定律sparker: 电火花震源spherical divergence球面扩散stack叠加Ground mixing地面混波Instrument mixing仪器混波Vertical stacking垂直叠加Uphole stacking井口时间叠加Common-depth-point (CDP) stacking共深度点叠加Common-offset stacking同炮检距叠加Velocity filtering 速度滤波Coherency filtering / Auto-picking 相干滤波/自动拾取Diversity stacking相异叠加Automigrating自动偏移stacking velocity:叠加速度Stoneley wave:斯通利波streamer:海上拖缆S-wave:S-波synthetic seismogram:合成地震记录tangential wave:切向波trace equalization:道均衡trace gather:道选排，道集trace integration:道积分，道综合transformed wave:变换波trough:波谷velocity analysis:速度分析velocity filter:速度滤波velocity inversion: 速度反转velocity spectrum:速度谱velocity survey速度测量wave equation:波动方程wave form:波形wavefront:波阵面wave impedance:波阻抗wide-angle reflection:广角反射Young's modulus:杨氏模量zero-phase:零相位Zoeppritz's equations:佐普里兹方程acoustic log声波测井amplitude log:声幅测井borehole gravimeter:井下重力仪borehole log测井曲线calibrate校正densilog密度测井density log:密度测井dip log地层倾角测井dipmeter地层倾角测井electrical log:电测井gamma-gamma log:伽马-伽马测井gamma-ray log:γ射线测井induction log:感应测井microlog微电阻率测井neutron log: 中子测井radioactivity log:放射性测井sonic log:声波测井spectral log能谱测井velocity log:声速测井well log:钻井记录，测井Ampere’s law:安培定律angular frequency:角频率Anomaly: 异常anticline:背斜array:排列autocorrelation:自相关background:背景值band-limited function:频截函数band-pass:带通band-reject filter:带阻滤波器bandwidth:带宽base of weathering:低速带底面boundary condition:边界条件boundary-value problem:边值问题byte:字节characteristic value:Eigenvalue特性值/特征值Complex number复数contour:等值线contour interval:等值线间隔convolution:褶积crust:地壳curl:旋度db:Decibel.分贝。
db/octave:分贝/倍频程decibel分贝dip:倾角dipole:偶极子direct problem正问题：doodlebugger野外地球物理工作者drift:漂移drill:钻井装置dynamic range:动态范围earth layering地球分层eccentric anomaly:离心角echo sounder:回声探测仪eigenvalue:特征值eigenvector:特征向量ellipsoid:椭球体energy:能量engineering geophysics:工程地球物理envelope:包络error:误差error message:错误信息even function:偶函数expected value期望值fault:断层field:场，野外filter:滤波器fixed point定点f, k space:f, k空间floating point浮点〔表示〕法flow chart:流程图FM:调频。
folding: 折叠，折积，褶皱folding frequency折叠频率formation:地层forward solution:正演frequency domain: 频率域frequency response:频率响应frequency spectrum:频谱geophysical survey地球物理勘探geophysics地球物理学geothermal heat flow地热流geothermal prospecting地热勘探geothermic surveying:地热调查goodness of fit:拟合优度gradient:梯度half-space:半空间Hamming function:海明函数Hanning function:汉宁函数hertz:赫兹homogeneous:均匀的impulse:脉冲impulse response:脉冲响应inhomogeneity不均匀性in situ原地，现场interface分界面，接口inverse Fourier transform:傅里叶逆变换inverse matrix逆矩阵inverse problem:反问题iterative:迭代kernel function: 核函数least-squares fit:最小二乘法拟合lithosphere岩石圈low-cut filter:低阻滤波器low-pass filter: 低通滤波器mantle:地幔Moho:莫霍界面normal fault正断层Nyquist frequency:奈奎斯特频率Nyquist theorem奈奎斯特定理plate tectonics:板块构造理论QC: Quality control.质量控制reconnaissance:普查remote sensing: 遥感rift: 断裂，裂谷rms:Root mean square均方根sampling theorem:采样定理semiinfinite:半无限的SI:国际单位制signal-to-noise ratio信噪比spatial frequency:空间频率spheroid椭球体standard deviation标准差stochastic随机的subduction zone:Benioff zone俯冲带：毕尼奥夫带trend analysis:趋势分析wavelength:波长wavenumber:波数white noise:白噪声Accuracy 准确度AGC:Automatic gain control. 自动增益控制。
Airy Hypothesis艾里假说alias:假频amplitude spectrum振幅谱antiroots反山根Bouguer anomaly布格异常Bouguer correction布格改正continuation延拓density密度density contrast密度差depth of compensation补偿深度dot chart布点量板double Bouguer correction双重布格改正downward continuation向下延拓elevation correction高程改正field continuation位场延拓figure of the earth大地水准面free-air anomaly自由空间异常free-air correction自由空间改正free oscillation of the earth:地球自由震荡gal伽geodesy:大地测量学geoid大地水准面gradiomanometer压差密度计gradiometer梯度仪gravimeter重力仪gravitational constant万有引力常数gravity重力gravity anomaly:重力异常gravity meter比重计：gravity reduction重力改正gravity survey重力调查gravity unit重力单位Gutenberg discontinuity:古登堡不连续面horizontal cylinder水平圆柱体isostasy:地壳均衡说isostatic correction:均衡改正latitude correction:纬度改正local gravity局部重力值normal gravity正常重力Poisson's equation泊松方程Pratt hypothesis:普拉特假说second-derivative map二次微商图topographic correction地形改正torsion balance扭秤Worden:沃尔登重力仪aeromagnetic航空磁测Airborne magnetometer:航空磁力仪alternating-field demagnetization:交变场退磁Curie point:居里点declination:磁偏角diurnal variation:日变ferrimagnetism:亚铁磁性ferromagnetic:铁磁性的field intensity:场强fluxgate magnetometer:磁通门磁力仪gamma:伽马gauss:高斯geomagnetic pole:地磁极geomagnetic reversal: 地磁极倒转geomagnetic-variation method:地磁变化法geometric sounding:电磁几何测深inclination:倾角inductivity:感应率local magnetic anomalies:局部磁异常magnetic basement:磁性基底magnetic dip:磁倾角magnetic disturbance磁扰magnetic equator:地磁赤道magnetic field磁场magnetic flux:磁通量magnetic intensity:磁场强度magnetic interpretation methods磁测资料解释法magnetic meridian:地磁子午线magnetic moment:磁矩magnetic permeability:磁导率magnetic polarization:磁极化Magnetic pole:磁极magnetic storms:磁暴magnetization:磁化强度magnetometer:磁力仪nanotesla:纳特斯拉normal magnetic field:正常磁场oersted:奥斯特paleomagnetism:古地磁学paramagnetic顺磁性的permeability:磁导率，渗透率polarity:极性polarization:极化度，极化，偏振reduction to the pole化向地磁极归极法secular variation长期变化tesla:特斯拉weber:韦伯apparent resistivity: 视电阻率conductivity:电导率current electrode:供电电极dielectric constant:介电常数dielectric polarization:电介质极化dipole array:偶极排列dipole-dipole array:偶极-偶极排列electrical profiling:电剖面法electrical sounding电测深electrical survey电法勘探，电测井electric field:电场electric susceptibility:电极化率electrochemical SP:电化学自然电位electrode电极electrode equilibrium potential:电极平衡电位electrode polarization:电极极化electrode potential:电极电位electrode resistance:电极电阻electrolyte:电解质electromagnetic method:电磁法electromagnetic spectrum:电磁波谱electronic电子的ELF:极低频EM:电磁的emu:电磁单位equipotential-line method:等位线法equipotential surface等位面far-field:远场fixed-source method:定源法free-space field:自由空间场galvanometer:电流计heat flow unit:热流单位HFU:热流单位horizontal-dipole sounding水平偶极测深induced polarization:激发极化infinite electrode:无穷远电极NMR核磁共振permittivity:电容率polarization ellipse:极化椭圆pole-dipole array:单极-偶极排列pole-pole array:单极-单极排列Primary field: 一次场secondary field:二次场self-potential自然电位self-potential method:自然电位法skin depth:趋肤深度skin effect:趋肤效应sky wave:天波sky-wave interference:天波干扰SP:自然电位spontaneous potential:自然电位transient electromagnetic method:瞬变电磁法abnormal events:异常同相轴absorption:吸收作用：acoustic声学的，声的acoustic impedance:声阻抗，波阻抗：acoustic wave: 声波，地震波：air gun:空气枪air wave空气波angle of incidence:入射角apparent velocity:视速度apparent wavelength:视波长：arrival:波至arrival time波至时间attenuation:衰减average velocity:平均速度azimuth:方位角binary gain:二进制增益blind zone: 盲区body waves:体波break:波跳buried focus effect:地下焦点效应cable:电缆chirp:线性调频脉冲coefficient of anisotropy:各向异性系数coherence:相干性coherent:相关的common-depth-point:共深度点common-depth-point stack:共深度点叠加common-offset gather:共偏移距道集common-offset stack:共炮检距叠加（同距叠加）common-range gather:共炮检距道集（选排）Common reflection point: 共反射点compressional wave:压缩波configuration:排列形式converted wave:转换波critical angle:临界角critical reflection:临界反射curved path:弯曲射线路径deconvolution:反褶积deep seismic sounding: DSS.深地震测深：diffraction: 绕射diffraction stack:绕射叠加dilatational wave:膨胀波dispersion:扩散，频散dispersion curve:频散曲线display:显示diving waves:弓形射线波Dix formula:Dix公式DSS:深地震测深dynamic corrections动校正earthquake:天然地震earthquake seismology: 天然地震测震学elastic:弹性的elastic constants:弹性常数elastic impedance:弹性阻抗elastic wave:弹性波electrodynamic geophone:电动检波器epicenter:震中event:同相轴expanding spread: 扩展排列extended spread:纵排列fathometer:水深计Fermat’s principle:费马原理first arrival:初至first break:初至波floating datum浮动基准面flute槽focus:震源fold: 覆盖次数format:数据格式Gardner method:加德纳法gather:道集geophone:地震检波器geophone interval:检波距ground roll:地滚波group interval:组合间距group velocity:群速度guided wave:导波hammer冲击锤head wave:首波hodograph:矢端线Hooke's law:虎克定律horizontal stacking:水平叠加Huygens principle:惠更斯原理impedance:阻抗incident angle:入射角interval velocity:层速度Kirchoff diffraction equation:基尔霍夫绕射方程law of reflection:反射定律law of refraction:透射定律least-time path:最短时程Lg-wave: Lg-波longitudinal wave:纵波long-path multiple:全程多次反射波long wave长波love wave:勒夫波low-velocity layer:低速层marker bed:标准层migration: 偏移，运移minimum-phase最小相位multiple多次波multiple coverage:多次覆盖multiplex:多路传输，多倍仪multiplexed format:多路编排格式mute:切除NMO:Normal moveout.正常时差。