高考模拟试卷1

合集下载

2025届高考英语一轮复习仿真模拟试卷能力检测一含解析新人教版

2025届高考英语一轮复习仿真模拟试卷能力检测一含解析新人教版

高考仿真模拟试卷(一)(时间:120分钟满分:120分得分:________)第一部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。

A(2025届“皖南八校”高三第一次联考)The Code of Visiting Yellowstone National Park The following regulations have been sorted for your convenience.Emergency Phone: Dial 911Yellowstone is a wilderness filled with natural wonders that also have potential dangers.There is no guarantee of your safety.Regulations are strictly enforced to protect you and the park's resources.WildlifeDo not approach wildlife, no matter how calm they appear.Always obey instructions from park staff on the scene.You must stay at least 100 yards away from bears and wolves and at least 25 yards away from other large animals—bison, elk, bighorn sheep, deer, moose, and coyotes.Do not feed any animal.It harms them and it is illegal.Geothermal (地热的) DangersBoardwalks and trails protect you.You must stay on boardwalks and designated (指定的) trails.Pools may be near or above the boiling temperatures and can cause severe, possibly even deadly burns.●Keep your children close to you at all times; make sure they understand the danger.●Pets are prohibited in thermal areas.●Swimming or bathing in thermal pools or streams is prohibited.Where swimming is allowed, swim at your own risk.●Poisonous gases may exist at dangerous levels.If you feel sick, leave immediately.WeatherYellowstone's weather can change quickly and bring cold temperatures, high winds, rain and falling snow.●Be prepared for changing temperatures, storms, and emergencies.●Carry adequate clothing.Driving●Unless otherwise posted, the top speed throughout the park is 45 mph.●If you see wildlife while driving, do not stop or pause in the roadway.1.What do we know about Yellowstone National Park?A.It allows visitors to feed some animals.B.It gives visitors a free ride in the park.C.It will punish visitors if they bring their pets.D.It not only offers visitors pleasure but also there may be dangers.2.When visiting Yellowstone, what are you advised to do?A.Swim in the designated places.B.Tap those calm animals gently.C.Pull up to take photos of animals.D.Bring some cloths to avoid poisonous gases.3.Why is the text written?A.To explain the facilities of the park.B.To introduce the features of the park.C.To offer some guidance to visit the park.D.To attract more people to visit the park.B(2025届四川省天府名校高三上学期联合质量测评)Imagine a small group of people with a shared passion for the same craft.They all have different skills and approaches, but they come together to share skills, share stories, and share in the joy of making something.Modern maker culture is filling headlines and lab spaces all over the world.The way makers communicate with each other has changed over time.In the past, skills mainly came from personal sit­downs with members of the group.But sometimes a teacher wasn't available, or the one available didn't know how to do the skill others wanted to learn.Today a teacher doesn't even have to be in the same country or occupy the same decade as the students.Thanks to the work of people who take the time to break down and share the details of their craft, an interested individual can learn anything.Guides may range from videos to diagrams and text.Regardless of the media, maker resources are meant to be shared.One of the features of the maker movement is the crossover between different interests.Perhaps a passion for cars and for leathercraft can result in a truly custom interior (定制的内饰).Perhaps a love of knitting (编织) and robotics will result in a tiny—but very mobile—robotic furry cat.And once you have started your creation, finding a community to share with is no longer limited to the people nearby.Modern makers have been sharing videos of their progress online for years, contributing greatly to the rapid spread of the maker movement.As different as the participants might be, they share enthusiasm, support, and a willingness to try.Imagine making a ping­pong table together with your makers' team.One group builds the basic frame.Another group takes on the responsibility of painting.You knit the net.There is joy in just giving it a try.It will remind you of childhood creations.Whether you are an experienced programmer or just picking up a hammer for the first time, it is never a bad time to come up with an idea, try something, and share the results.4.How did makers communicate with each other in the past?A.By meeting face to face.B.By asking personal questions.C.By visiting a teacher together.D.By sitting together in a classroom.5.What does the underlined word “crossover” in Paragraph 4 mean?A.Exchange.B.Difference.C.Combination.D.Independence.6.What greatly speeds up the spread of modern maker culture?A.The sharing of videos on the Internet.B.The development of education.C.The increasing willingness to share.D.The increasing number of participants.7.Why does the author mention making a ping­pong table in the last paragraph?A.To advise us to start small.B.To inspire some creative ideas.C.To stress the importance of childhood creations.D.To encourage us to join in the maker movement.C(2025届贵州省安顺市高三上学期第一次联考)Holding hands, people jumped into the water, and floated around in Boston's Charles River recently.That is something that would not have been possible years ago because the river was so polluted.In the 1960s, the music group The Standells even sang about the river in their popular song—“Dirty Water”.The swimmers were getting their once­a­year chance to cool off from the summer heat in the Charles River.It is called “City Splash”.For a few days each year, the state of Massachusetts allows public swimming on Boston's part of the nearly 130­kilometer Charles River.The event is in its fifth year.It is a chance for the nonprofit Charles River Conservancy to show its efforts to build a “swim park”.Their idea is to build floating docks where swimmers can jump safely into the river—without touching the risky bottom.These docks would be in areas where the water quality would be tested repeatedly.Boston is one of the cities hoping to follow the model of Copenhagen, Denmark.That city opened the first of its three floating harbor baths in the early 2000s.On sunny days, people swim in the harbor baths surrounded by tall buildings and cars on the highways.At night, the area is filled with people enjoying music and food.Just recently Paris opened public swimmin g in a once­polluted canal.New York, London, Berlin and other cities are planning similar features for their waterways.In Boston, the Charles River Conservancy still needs to raise several million dollars.It also needs to get approvals from city, state and federal agencies.The groups spokeswoman S.J.Port, said the__biggest__problem has already been taken care of: The Charles is now one of the cleanest city rivers in America.The U.S.Environmental Protection Agency announced this month that the riverearned a “B” grade for water quality last year—an “A” being the best grade.It means the Charles River met the requirement for swimming 55 percent of the time.8.What is the function of floating docks?A.They are places for swimmers to rest.B.They let swimmers get into the river safely.C.They surround swimmers in a safe area of the river.D.They are used to test the water quality repeatedly.9.Which of the following has set a good example for others in offering floating harbor baths?A.Paris.B.Boston.C.Copenhagen.D.Berlin.10.What does the underlined part “the biggest problem” refer to?A.The pollution of Charles River.B.Lack of money to treat pollution.C.Getting approvals from governments.D.Meeting the requirement of “A” grade.11.What can be inferred from the text?A.The water in Charles River reaches drinking standard.B.People can swim in Charles River at any time.C.This summer is the hottest in Boston.D.Charles River flows through Boston.D(2024年安徽省合肥市巢湖市高考英语模拟试卷)Angel Garcia Crespo is a computer engineer at Carlos Ⅲ University of Madrid in Spain.His group has invented a new way for deaf­blind people to “watch” TV.The idea for the technology grew out of previous work by his group.The team had already worked on making audiovisual (视听的) materials accessible to people with either vision or hearing disabilities.But the group wanted to help people with both challenges.So they asked some deaf­blind people what would help.In addition to relying on their sense of touch to communicate, deaf­blind people can also get and send information with a Braille line.The Braille system uses patterns of raised dots to stand for letters and numbers.A Braille line is an electronic machine with a changeable Braille display.Dots rise up or drop down based on the information sent to the machine.Now the new system changes TV signals to data a Braille line can use.“The key to the system is the possibility of using subtitles (字幕) to collect TV information,”Garcia Crespo explains.“Subtitles travel with the image (影像) and the audio in electromagnetic waves we don't see.But an electronic system can keep those waves.”First,a computer program,or app,pulls out the subtitles and visual descriptions from the broadcast signal.The system then combines the information and changes both into data for Braille.Now another app gets to work, which sends the data out to people's Braille lineson demand.“This is done in real time,in less than a second,” Garcia Crespo says.This lets a deaf­blind person “watch” TV as it's broadcast.The system will work with various Braille lines,as long as there's a bluetooth connection available.Now,the system is only used in Europe,and it should soon be available in the US.12.What inspired Garcia Crespo's group to work on the new technology?A.Deaf­blind people's poor life.B.Their pity on the disabled people.C.The challenges they face in work.D.Their group's previous research.13.Why can the electronic system collect TV information?A.It can combine all kinds of broadcast signals.B.It can keep the waves with subtitles travelling.C.It can work together with a variety of Braille lines.D.It can pull out the subtitles and visual descriptions.14.What does the author think of the future of the new technology?A.Challenging. B.Bright.C.Rewarding. D.Hopeless.15.What should be a suitable title for the text?A.New Technology Is Improving Deaf­blind People's LifeB.A New Braille Line Is Applied to Disabled People's LifeC.A Spanish Group Makes TV Accessible to Blind PeopleD.New Technology Helps Deaf­blind People “Watch” TV其次节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)依据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

陕西省2024年高考语文模拟试卷及答案1

陕西省2024年高考语文模拟试卷及答案1

陕西省2024年高考语文模拟试卷及答案(36分)阅读下面的文字,完成各小题。

随着新一代信息通信技术和数字技术取得重大突破,数字贸易迅速发展。

作为新型贸易模式,数字贸易极大减少了贸易成本和时间,不仅使新的贸易产品不断涌现,而且正在改变几乎所有行业的贸易方式和贸易规模,成为国际贸易发展的新动力。

从消费者视角看,数字贸易可直接或间接增加贸易品的种类和数量,提升消费者福利。

同时,随着互联网和数字技术不断与金融、娱乐、教育、医疗、零售等众多行业深度融合,数字贸易将渗入几乎所有行业的诸多部门,并推动大多数传统贸易产品转型升级。

此外,数字贸易能使交易成本下降,有利于贸易企业推动新产品研发,间接增加贸易品种类,促使贸易品价格下降。

从生产者视角看,数字贸易能有效提供全球价值链发展新动力。

经过几十年发展,全球生产分工的价值链链条越来越长,协调成本越来越高,有些分工所需的成本已大于收益,这也是近年来全球生产分工深化放缓的重要原因。

数字技术的广泛运用和数字贸易的快速发展不仅可以降低已有产品全球价值链的组织和协调成本,还能提供一系列新的可贸易产品及相应的新产品全球价值链。

从市场效率视角看,数字贸易能降低贸易壁垒和信息不对称程度。

数字贸易的直接效应是增加市场信息,促进市场主体间互动,改善市场效率。

数字贸易集约化、无界化和平台化发展趋势将促使贸易参与主体间的联系更加紧密,有效减少信息不对称,实现生产要素在全球范围内高效配置。

从贸易发展新动力视角看,数字贸易能够助推全球服务贸易快速发展。

数字贸易本质上是服务的交换及其价值的实现,这不仅体现在直接的数字贸易产品中,也蕴含在电子商务和平台企业的服务中。

麦肯锡全球研究院的报告显示,受数字技术和数字贸易的推动,全球服务贸易增速比商品贸易增速高60%,由此产生的经济价值远超传统贸易统计所能涵盖的范围。

在数字贸易产生显著经济效应的同时,我们也要看到,数字贸易的生产和交换属性使其发展面临诸多规则方面的约束。

2024年云南省高考全真演练物理模拟试卷(一)

2024年云南省高考全真演练物理模拟试卷(一)

2024年云南省高考全真演练物理模拟试卷(一)一、单项选择题(本题包含8小题,每小题4分,共32分。

在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的)(共8题)第(1)题如图所示,质量为的物体,在水平外力F作用下,以速度沿水平面匀速运动,当物体运动到A点时撤去外力F,物体由A点继续向前滑行的过程中经过B点,则物体由A点到B点的过程中,下列说法正确的是()A.越大,摩擦力对物体的冲量越大;摩擦力做功越多B.越大,摩擦力对物体的冲量越大;摩擦力做功与的大小无关C.越大,摩擦力对物体的冲量越小;摩擦力做功越少D.越大,摩擦力对物体的冲量越小;摩擦力做功与的大小无关第(2)题如图所示,在地面上发射一颗卫星,进入椭圆轨道II运行,其发射速度A.等于7.9km/sB.大于16.7km/sC.大于7.9km/s,小于11.2km/sD.大于11.2km/s,小于16.7km/s第(3)题物理学家们的科学发现推动了物理学的发展、人类的进步.在对以下几位物理学家所作科学贡献的叙述中正确的是( )A.法拉第通过油滴实验精确测定了元电荷e的电荷量,进一步证实了电子的存在,揭示了电荷的非连续性B.把电容器的电量Q和两极板间的电压U的比值定义为电容,是基于该比值的大小取决于电量Q和电压U,且它能反映电容器容纳电荷的本领C.奥斯特由环形电流和条形磁铁磁场的相似性,提出分子电流假说,解释了磁现象电本质D.库仑利用库仑扭秤巧妙地实现了他对电荷间相互作用力规律的研究第(4)题如图所示三个装置,甲中桌面光滑,乙、丙中物块与桌面动摩擦因数相同,丙图中用大小为F=Mg的力替代重物M进行牵引,其余均相同。

不计绳和滑轮质量,下列关于三个实验装置的分析中,正确的是( )A.装置甲中绳上张力B.无论怎么改变M和m的值,装置甲中物块m的加速度都不可能接近gC.装置乙、丙物块m的加速度相同D.装置甲中绳上的张力T甲小于装置乙中绳上的张力T乙第(5)题四只完全相同的灯泡分别用图(a)、(b)两种方式连接,电路两端电压分别为和V。

新高考语文模拟试卷1(附答案)

新高考语文模拟试卷1(附答案)

新高考语文模拟试卷1(附答案)一、现代文阅读(35 分)(一)现代文阅读Ⅰ(本题共5 小题,19 分)阅读下面的文字,完成1~5 题。

材料一:人工智能(AI)正在以前所未有的速度改变着我们的生活和工作方式。

从语音助手到自动驾驶汽车,AI 技术的应用无处不在。

然而,随着AI 的发展,也引发了一系列的伦理和社会问题。

一方面,AI 的发展可能会导致大量的工作岗位被取代,从而引发失业问题。

另一方面,AI 系统的决策过程往往是不透明的,这可能会导致不公平的决策结果。

此外,AI 技术的发展也可能会引发隐私和安全问题,例如个人数据的泄露和滥用。

为了解决这些问题,我们需要加强对AI 技术的监管和规范。

政府和相关机构应该制定相应的法律法规,确保AI 技术的发展符合伦理和社会价值观。

同时,我们也需要加强对公众的教育,提高公众对AI 技术的认识和理解,以便更好地应对AI 带来的挑战。

材料二:AI 技术的发展为我们带来了许多机遇。

例如,AI 可以帮助医生更准确地诊断疾病,提高医疗效率;AI 可以帮助企业更好地管理供应链,降低成本;AI 可以帮助教育机构提供个性化的学习体验,提高教育质量。

然而,要充分发挥AI 技术的潜力,我们需要解决一些关键问题。

首先,我们需要提高AI 系统的可靠性和安全性。

目前,AI 系统仍然存在一些漏洞和风险,例如被黑客攻击和恶意软件感染。

其次,我们需要提高AI 系统的可解释性。

目前,AI 系统的决策过程往往是不透明的,这使得人们难以理解和信任AI 系统的决策结果。

最后,我们需要加强对AI 技术的伦理和社会影响的研究。

AI 技术的发展可能会对社会和人类产生深远的影响,我们需要提前做好准备,以应对这些影响。

1.下列对材料相关内容的理解和分析,正确的一项是(3 分)A.AI 技术的应用虽然带来了很多便利,但也引发了一系列的伦理和社会问题。

B.AI 技术的发展会导致大量工作岗位被取代,这是不可避免的趋势。

浙江省2024年高考语文模拟试卷及答案1

浙江省2024年高考语文模拟试卷及答案1

浙江省2024年高考语文模拟试卷及答案现代文阅读I材料一张艺谋曾经拍过一个电影《英雄》,讲的是荆轲刺秦王的故事。

那年我坐在电影院,看到陈道明演的秦始皇嘴里蹦出“天下”两个字的时候,就忍不住笑了。

秦始皇信奉的是法家,而“天下”呢,是儒家的理想。

迷信法家的秦始皇只知道富国强兵、实现霸业,哪里会有“天下”这个观念!美国著名学者约瑟夫·列文森在他的书里说,“天下”在中国人观念当中,既是一个价值体,又是一个权力体。

我觉得很有道理。

先来看作为价值体的“天下”。

明末清初大儒顾炎武说,“亡国”和“亡天下”不一样:亡国,是改朝换代;亡天下,意味着文明不存在,大家都不讲仁义道德,变成了弱肉强食的世界。

这就告诉我们,可以没有王朝,但万万不能没有道德伦理秩序。

顾炎武还说过一句脍炙人口的名言:“天下兴亡,匹夫有责。

”他说的“天下”,就是作为价值体的“天下”,是值得追求的普世文明秩序。

这是中华文明一开始就定下的基调。

儒家也好,道家、墨家也好,先秦的孔子、老庄和墨子都不是从国家或民族的角度思考问题。

他们都是从普遍的人性出发,提出中国文明乃至天下普世文明的大问题。

中华文明从一开始就是人类主义的,它的基因不是民族主义的,而是世界主义的。

那么,一套抽象的价值体“天下”,如何在现实中实现呢?这就需要把理想的“天下”秩序,落实到一个制度的肉身,这就是作为权力体的“天下”。

所谓权力体的“天下”,就是以中原为中心的、等级化的“天下”秩序,也就是我在政治结构里讲过的大一统的秩序。

中国的大一统架构,就是要建立一套适用于“天下”的普遍文明制度。

作为权力体的“天下”,是古代中国人对以自我为中心的世界空间的想象。

古代中国的边界之所以模糊,是因为我们以中华文明照耀到的地方来定义中国的边界。

古人并没有疆域明确的“中国”这个概念,只有“王朝”和“天下”。

“天下”就是以中原为中心的普世文明,是一种理想的普遍秩序。

而“中国”呢?从时间角度来说,就是贯穿于历朝历代背后的一条文明的线。

2024年全国高考仿真模拟卷一英语

2024年全国高考仿真模拟卷一英语

2024年全国高考仿真模拟卷一英语一、阅读理解第一节阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A.B.C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。

(共15小题:每小题2分,满分30分)(共15题;共30分)ADuring ancient times,children didn’t have smartphones,iPad or computers to entertain themselves. Instead,they came up with interesting games to play.★Stone ballsDuring the Qing Dynasty,kicking a stone ball around was a popular sport in the northern part of China,and it was often played in the winter to protect kids from the cold.Stones were carved into small balls and kicked along with feet.In1999,the sport was included in the6th National Ethnic Group Traditional Sports Meeting held in Beijing.★Flying kitesKites have quite a long history.The earliest kites were made of wood,instead of paper.Nowadays, the four most famous kites are the Beijing kite,Tianjin kite,Weifang kite and Nantong kite,of which each has distinctive features.The kite which resembles a swallow is a well-known Beijing style.★Hide-and-seekHide-and-seek is a traditional game for children,popular around the nation.There are two ways to play:covering a child’s eyes while other kids run around to tease(戏弄)him or,more commonly, participants hide and one child must try to find them.★Playing diabolosA diabolo is always made of wood or bamboo and has empty space in the center.By juggling(边抛边接)the diabolo on the rope,the high-speed spinning diabolos will make a sound like a whistle.Playing diabolos is an interesting folk game,especially popular in North China.Playing diabolos was also included in the first group of national intangible cultural heritage.1.Why did ancient children often play stone balls in the winter?A.To practice their feet B.To warm themselvesC.To train their skills D.To relax themselves.2.Which kites are swallow-shaped?A.Weifang kites.B.Tianjin kites.C.Beijing kites.D.Nantong kites.3.According to the passage,which one is a national intangible cultural heritage?A.Stone balls.B.Flying kites.C.Hide-and-seek.D.Playing diabolosBTechnology usually distracts us from nature.But now technology is“offering us an opportunity to listen to nonhumans in powerful ways,reviving our connection to the natural world,”wrote professor Karen Bakker in her new book,The Sounds of Life:How Digital Technology Is Bringing Us Closer to the Worlds of Animals and Plants.All around the animal kingdom,there are sounds that we struggle to pick up and decipher.Elephants, for example,communicate with each other using infrasound,a sound frequency far below our human hearing range.Coral in the ocean also communicates with each other through sound waves,with one purpose being to attract baby coral to areas where it can successfully grow.This is a shocking fact as coral doesn’t have any ears!Scientists have placed listening devices in these environments to pick up sounds humans are normally unable to detect.After the sounds are recorded,AI is then able to determine their meaning,according to the news website Vox.There are now whole databases of whale songs and honeybee dances.Bakker wrote that one day this information could be turned into“a zoological version of Google Translate”.One animal language Bakker wrote about is that of the elephant.She explained how elephants“have a different signal for honeybee,which is a threat,and a different signal for human,”in an interview with Vox.“Moreover,they distinguish between threatening humans and non-threatening humans,”she said.This technology can not only understand the animals,but also communicate back to them.For example,bees use dances to communicate to their peers where to go in search of nectar.A research team in Germany,therefore,fed the bee language AI database system into a robot bee,allowing the robot to create a dance routine that can tell the bees which direction to move,Vox reported.Whereas in the past language creation had been limited to mainly apes,with there being many examples of chimpanzees(黑猩猩)having been taught sign language to communicate with humans,this new technology now allows humans to socialize with different animals throughout the animal kingdom.4.What does the underlined word“decipher”most probably mean in paragraph2? A.Understand.B.Hear.C.Produce.D.Record.5.What helps baby coral choose their home?A.Infrasound.B.Sounds within human range of hearing. C.Sounds through its ears.D.Sound waves.6.What can we infer from the passage?A.Bees used dances to warn their peers of danger.B.Human fed listening devices into coral to detect it.C.Elephants have different signals for different purposes.D.Elephants can tell whether there are threatening animals around.7.Why did researchers create the robot bee?A.To collect more bee dances.B.To convey direction to bees.C.To learn the language of bees.D.To help bees search for their friends.CWhen you are travelling in Thailand,which means of transport is the best choice?You can rent a variety of motorbikes or bikes in Thailand.It seems to be very popular in most of the beaches and islands along the places in the north.The most popular bikes are the little125cc Honda Dream which you can get for about150baht(铢)a day or as little as3,000baht per month,making it the cheapest way to tour Thailand for the people from other countries.Sometimes you will have to go somewhere by taxi.When you are in cities in Thailand,especially in Bangkok,always remember to get a taxi that is traveling on the roads.Some drivers outside hotels refuse to use the meter(计程表).They will ask a price which is several times the price when they use the meter!The quality of the roads in Thailand is generally pretty good,so renting cars is another way to get around.The big car rental companies may offer you slightly older cars at a very reasonable price.It is a little surprising considering that the cost of buying a car in Thailand is more than that in the West.Petrol is also reasonably priced in Thailand,more expensive than American prices,but much cheaper than what is paid in Europe.In the past,Bangkok could be a difficult place to drive in—signs were generally in Thai (泰语)only,making it a hard job to find exactly where you were by looking around.But now,the situation is improved.In a lot of places,even the farthest corners of the country,street signs are in both Thai and English.8.To a foreigner,the cheapest way to get around Thailand is renting a______.A.car B.taxi C.bike D.motorbike9.What is the writer's advice about taking a taxi in Thailand?A.To take a taxi going on the road.B.To take a taxi parked outside hotels.C.To make sure there is a meter in it.D.To bargain with the driver over the price. 10.Why was it difficult to drive in Bangkok in the past?A.Because there were too many traffic jams on the roads.B.Because there were no signs showing directions.C.Because the signs were written only in their own language.D.Because the quality of the roads was not good.11.In which part of magazine can this passage be found?A.Entertainment B.Tourism C.Market D.AdvertisementDWilliam I,who conquered England some930years ago,had wealth,power and an army.Yet although William was very rich by the standard of his time,he had nothing like a flush toilet(抽水马桶),or riding lawn mower(除草机).How did he get by?History books are filled with wealthy people who were poor compared to me.I have storm windows, Croesus did not.Entire nations trembled before Alexander the Great,but he couldn,t buy cat food.Czar Nicholas lacked an electric saw.Given how much better off I am than so many famous dead people,you,d think I,d be content.The trouble is that,like most people,I compare my wealth with that of living persons:neighbors,school classmates,famous TV people.The greed I feel toward my friend Howard,s new kitchen is not reduced by the fact no kings ever had a refrigerator with glass doors.’There is really no rising or falling standard of living.Over the centuries people simply find different things to feel sad about.You,d think that simply not having disease would put us in a good mood,but no, we want a hot bath too.Of course,one way to achieve happiness would be to realize that even by today,s standards the things I own are pretty nice.My house is smaller than the houses of many investments bankers,but even so it has a lot more rooms than my wife and I can keep clean.Besides,to people looking back at our era from a century or two in the future,these bankers,fancy counter tops and my own worn Formica will seem equally shabby.I can,t keep up with my neighbors right now.But just wait.12.What does the underlined phrase“get by”in the first paragraph mean?A.Succeed as a king.B.Deal with complaints.C.Live in s satisfactory way.D.Get some extra money.13.How many historical figures are mentioned to compare lives in the past and present?A.3.B.4.C.5D.614.According to the passage,the author.intends to.A.tell us to be content with lifeB.warn us to live in a simple wayC.teach us to learn lessons from lifeD.encourage us to struggle for wealth15.What,s the author,s attitude towards life?A.Doubtful.B.Optimistic.C.Uncaring.D.Cautious.二、阅读理解第二节七选五(5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)(共1题;共10分)Table manners are the ultimate way to show respect or some accidental disrespect to yourhost.___16___.In France,you are supposed to use two hands to eat—either fork and knife or fork and bread.Bread isn't meant to be an appetizer.___17___When you eat the bread,tear off a piece of it to eat instead of biting directly into the bread.When not in use,the bread belongs on the table or tablecloth instead of the plate.Finishing everything on your plate is a no-no in many Asian countries.___18___Leaving a small amount on your plate symbolizes that you've had your fill and acknowledges your host's generosity.___19___So,tipping,in their culture,is rude.Even if they don’t assume you’re being rude,they can also be very confused by the extra money,thinking you have overpaid.Whether it's a taxi driver,a server, or a bellhop,don't tip them.It's not good manners.Among the local people of China and the Inuit people of Canada,a light burp(打嗝)at the end of a meal is considered a compliment,as it indicates that you've eaten well.___20___,or never leave them upright in a bowl of rice.For this is how food is offered to the spirit of a dead person. A.Furthermore,don't lick your chopsticksB.Instead it serves to assist the food to the forkC.It suggests that your hosts didn't feed you enoughD.Many people in Japan believe that good service is standardE.In Brazil,bread and pizza are normally eaten with a fork and knife,tooF.Here are some of the very specific dining do's and don’ts from around the worldG.You may also drink directly from the soup bowl—spoons,however,are uncommon三、语言知识运用第一节完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)(共1题;共30分)In October,2003I started my work at my local animal shelter’s Adoption Department.Over the years,more than50,000animals have___21___the doors of the shelter.Most of them,I do not remember. But occasionally there are___22___animals,who touch me so deeply that I could never possibly forget them.Tabby was one such animal.Tabby was an ancient Cocker Spaniel,probably14years old.What’s more,she was blind and deaf. Tabby’s chances at adoption seemed___23___at best.After all,we didn’t have many adopters coming in ____24____,“Can you show me all of your really old dogs who are also___25___?”We had all thought that Tabby would live out the rest of her life at the shelter.One day a woman named Loretta came to the shelter.Her son,Gary,had___26___Tabby’s picture and stories on the shelter’s website at home.They were interested in meeting her!It was the only___27___we ever received about Tabby.What could a young child possibly see in a14-year-old dog who was both blind and deaf?Most boys would want a dog who could grow with them and run through grassy fields on summer days.Tabby would___28___be able to do that.But after meeting her,Loretta and Gary decided that she was the right dog for their family.They adopted Tabby!If Tabby’s story had simply ended with her___29___adoption,it would still have been something very special indeed.____30____,it was what happened after her adoption that people might regard as “magic”.Gary suffered from seizures(癫痫).Since Gary and Tabby met they became____31____.They did everything together.They became so“in tune”with one another that Tabby began to telegraph Gary’s seizures____32____they occurred,giving his family____33____that one was about to strike.What’s more,Gary seemed to be having fewer and fewer seizures since Tabby’s____34____.How could it be?Nobody could explain how Tabby did it.But those of us who were fortunate enough to know her and her family had____35____the magic,the kind that has its roots in love. 21.A.broken B.passed C.enrolled D.conveyed 22.A.strange B.active C.striking D.special 23.A.small B.great C.desperate D.potential 24.A.wondering B.stating C.seeking D.asking 25.A.dynamic B.active C.disabled D.patient 26.A.posted B.taken C.seen D.drawn 27.A.surgery B.donation C.call D.question 28.A.literally B.possibly C.never D.generally 29.A.successful B.normal C.temporary D.astonishing 30.A.However B.Moreover C.Therefore D.Otherwise 31.A.humble B.uncomfortable C.unfortunate D.inseparable 32.A.since B.unless C.before D.if 33.A.explanation B.notice C.suggestion D.warning35.A.witnessed B.created C.achieved D.performed四、语言知识运用第二节用单词的适当形式完成短文共10小题:每小题1.5分,纷15分)共1题;共15分)阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

2025年高考(新高考)模拟试卷英语试题(一)(含听力音频和答案)

2025年高考(新高考)模拟试卷英语试题(一)(含听力音频和答案)

2025年高考(新高考)模拟试题卷英语听力音频 双击收听.mp3本试卷共12页,考试用时150分钟,满分150分;广东省考生无需答听力部分,考试用时120分钟,满分120分。

注意事项:1.答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2.回答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。

回答非选择题时,将答案写在答题卡上,写在本试卷上无效。

3.考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)做题时,先将答案标在试卷上。

录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

例:How much is the shirt?A. £19.15.B. £9.18.C. £9.15.答案是C。

1.What does the woman think of the movie?A.It’s amusing B.It’s exciting C.It’s disappointing 2.How will Susan spend most of her time in France?A.Traveling around B.Studying at a school C.Looking after her aunt 3.What are the speakers talking about?A.Going out B.Ordering drinks C.Preparing for a party 4.Where are the speakers?A.In a classroom B.In a library C.In a bookstore 5.What is the man going to do?A.Go on the Internet B.Make a phone call C.Take a train trip第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。

2025年新高考数学模拟试题一带解析

2025年新高考数学模拟试题一带解析

2025年新高考数学模拟试题(卷一)第I 卷(选择题)一、选择题:本题共8小题,每小题5分,共40分,在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合要求的。

1.某车间有两条生产线分别生产5号和7号两种型号的电池,总产量为8000个.质检人员采用分层抽样的方法随机抽取了一个样本容量为60的样本进行质量检测,已知样本中5号电池有45个,则估计7号电池的产量为()A .6000个B .5000个C .3000个D .2000个2.如图所示,四边形ABCD 是正方形,,M N 分别BC ,DC 的中点,若,,AB AM AN λμλμ=+∈R,则2λμ-的值为()A .43B .52C .23-D .1033.已知n S 为等差数列{}n a 的前n 项和,4920224a a a ++=,则20S =()A .60B .120C .180D .2404.设,αβ是两个不同的平面,,m n 是两条不同的直线,下列命题为假命题的是()A .若,m m n α⊥⊥,则n α或n ⊂αB .若,,⊥⊥⊥m n αβαβ,则m n ⊥C .若,,m l n αββγαγ⋂=⋂=⋂=,且n β,则//l mD .若,,m n m n αβ⊥⊂⊂,则αβ⊥5.第19届亚运会于2023年9月28日至10月8日在杭州举行,本届亚运会的吉祥物是一组名为“江南忆”的机器人:“琮琮”“莲莲”和“宸宸”,分别代表世界遗产良渚古城遗址、西湖和京杭大运河.某同学买了6个不同的吉祥物,其中“琮琮”“莲莲”和“宸宸”各2个,现将这6个吉祥物排成一排,且名称相同的两个吉祥物相邻,则排法种数共为()A .48B .24C .12D .66.已知函数1()e 2x f x x a x ⎛⎫=-+ ⎪⎝⎭恰有2个不同的零点,则实数a 的取值范围为()A .1,ee ⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭B .(4e,)⎛∞ ⎝U C .2e ⎫⎪⎭D .(2e,)⎛∞ ⎝U7.我们把平面内与直线垂直的非零向量称为直线的法向量,在平面直角坐标系中,过点()3,4A -的直线l 的一个法向量为()1,2-,则直线l 的点法式方程为:()()()13240x y ⨯++-⨯-=,化简得2110x y -+=.类比以上做法,在空间直角坐标系中,经过点()1,2,3M 的平面的一个法向量为()1,4,2m =-,则该平面的方程为()A .4210x y z -++=B .4210x y z --+=C .4210x y z +-+=D .4210x y z +--=8.已知双曲线2222:1(0,0)x y C a b a b-=>>的左,右焦点分别为12,F F ,过1F 的直线与双曲线C 分别在第一、二象限交于,A B 两点,2ABF △内切圆的半径为r ,若1||2BF a =,r =,则双曲线C 的离心率为()AB.2CD二、选择题:本题共3小题,每小题6分,共18分.在每小题给出的选项中,有多项符合题目要求.全部选对的得6分,部分选对的得部分分,有选错的得0分.9.已知函数()()sin 0,0,22f x A x A ππωϕωϕ⎛⎫=+>>-<< ⎪⎝⎭的部分图象如图所示,则()A .()f x 的最小正周期为πB .当π0,2⎡⎤∈⎢⎥⎣⎦x 时,()f x 的值域为11,22⎡⎤-⎢⎥⎣⎦C .将函数()f x 的图象向右平移π6个单位长度可得函数()sin 2g x x =的图象D .将函数()f x 的图象上所有点的横坐标伸长为原来的2倍,纵坐标不变,得到的函数图象关于点5π,06⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭对称10.已知12,z z 是两个虚数,则下列结论中正确的是()A .若12z z =,则12z z +与12z z 均为实数B .若12z z +与12z z 均为实数,则12z z =C .若12,z z 均为纯虚数,则12z z 为实数D .若12z z 为实数,则12,z z 均为纯虚数11.已知函数()y f x =在R 上可导且(0)2f =-,其导函数()f x '满足:22()21()exf x f x x -=-',则下列结论正确的是()A .函数()f x 有且仅有两个零点B .函数2()()2e g x f x =+有且仅有三个零点C .当02x ≤≤时,不等式4()3e (2)f x x ≥-恒成立D .()f x 在[1,2]上的值域为22e ,0⎡⎤-⎣⎦第II 卷(非选择题)三、填空题:本题共3小题,每小题5分,共15分.12.已知集合{}{}2,0,2,4,3A B x x m =-=-≤,若A B A = ,则m 的最小值为.13.已知M ,N 是抛物线()2:20C x py p =>上两点,焦点为F ,抛物线上一点(),1P t 到焦点F 的距离为32,下列说法正确的是.(把所有正确结论的编号都填上)①1p =;②若OM ON ⊥,则直线MN 恒过定点()0,1;③若MOF △的外接圆与抛物线C 的准线相切,则该圆的半径为12;④若2MF FN = ,则直线MN 的斜率为4.14.如图,在正方体1111ABCD A B C D -,中,M ,N 分别为线段11A D ,1BC 上的动点.给出下列四个结论:①存在点M ,存在点N ,满足MN ∥平面11ABB A ;②任意点M ,存在点N ,满足MN ∥平面11ABB A ;③任意点M ,存在点N ,满足1MN BC ⊥;④任意点N ,存在点M ,满足1MN BC ⊥.其中所有正确结论的序号是.四、解答题:本题共5小题,共77分.解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤.15.(13分)已知函数31()ln 222f x ax x x x=--+.(1)当1a =时,求()f x 的单调区间;(2)对[1,)x ∀∈+∞,()0f x ≥恒成立,求a 的取值范围.16.(15分)我国老龄化时代已经到来,老龄人口比例越来越大,出现很多社会问题.2015年10月,中国共产党第十八届中央委员会第五次全体会议公报指出:坚持计划生育基本国策,积极开展应对人口老龄化行动,实施全面二孩政策.随着国家二孩政策的全面放开,为了调查一线城市和非一线城市的二孩生育意愿,某机构用简单随机抽样方法从不同地区调查了100位育龄妇女,结果如下表.非一线一线总计愿生40y60不愿生x2240总计5842100(1)求x和y的值.(2)分析调查数据,是否有95%以上的把握认为“生育意愿与城市级别有关”?(3)在以上二孩生育意愿中按分层抽样的方法,抽取6名育龄妇女,再选取两名参加育儿知识讲座,求至少有一名来自一线城市的概率.参考公式:22()()()()()n ad bca b c d a c b dχ-=++++,()2P kχ≥0.0500.0100.001k 3.841 6.63510.82817.(15分)在直角梯形ABCD 中,//AD BC ,22BC AD AB ===90ABC ∠=︒,如图(1).把ABD △沿BD 翻折,使得平面ABD ⊥平面BCD .(1)求证:CD AB ⊥;(2)在线段BC 上是否存在点N ,使得AN 与平面ACD 所成角为60°?若存在,求出BNBC的值;若不存在,说明理由.18.(17分)已知椭圆22:143x y C +=的左右焦点分别为12,F F ,点()00,P x y 为椭圆C 上异于顶点的一动点,12F PF ∠的角平分线分别交x 轴、y 轴于点M N 、.(1)若012x =,求1PF ;(2)求证:PM PN为定值;(3)当1F N P 面积取到最大值时,求点P 的横坐标0x .19.(17分)已知数列12:,,,n A a a a L 为有穷正整数数列.若数列A 满足如下两个性质,则称数列A 为m 的k 减数列:①12n a a a m +++= ;②对于1i j n ≤<≤,使得i j a a >的正整数对(,)i j 有k 个.(1)写出所有4的1减数列;(2)若存在m 的6减数列,证明:6m >;(3)若存在2024的k 减数列,求k 的最大值.2025年新高考数学模拟试题(卷一)(解析版)第I 卷(选择题)一、选择题:本题共8小题,每小题5分,共40分,在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合要求的。

  1. 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
  2. 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
  3. 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。

高考模拟试卷1(时间:120分钟 满分:150分)一、单项选择题(本大题共8小题,每小题5分,共40分)1.已知全集U ={0,1,2,3,4},设集合A ={0,1,2},B ={1,2,3},则A ∩(∁U B )等于( ) A .{3} B .∅ C .{1,2} D .{0} 答案 D解析 ∵U ={0,1,2,3,4},B ={1,2,3},∴∁U B ={0,4},且A ={0,1,2} ,∴A ∩(∁U B )={0}. 2.设复数z 满足i·z =2+i ,其中i 为虚数单位,则复数z 对应的点位于( ) A .第一象限 B .第二象限 C .第三象限 D .第四象限答案 D解析 z =2+i i =1-2i ,复平面内该复数对应的点的坐标为(1,-2),它在第四象限.3.已知双曲线x 2a 2-y 22=1(0<a <2)的两条渐近线的夹角为π3,则双曲线的离心率为( )A.233B.263 C. 3 D .2答案 D解析 由双曲线方程可知渐近线方程为y =±2a x ,由渐近线夹角为π3,0<a <2,可知渐近线倾斜角为π3,∴2a =3,∴a =63,∴c =263,∴e =ca=2.4.《易经》是我国古代预测未来的著作,其中同时抛掷三枚古钱币观察正反面进行预测未知,则抛掷一次时出现两枚正面一枚反面的概率为( ) A.18 B.14 C.38 D.12 答案 C解析 抛掷三枚古钱币出现的基本事件共有:正正正,正正反,正反正,反正正,正反反,反正反,反反正,反反反,共8种,其中出现两正一反的共有3种,故概率为38.5.(2019·浙江三校联考)已知log 2(a -2)+log 2(b -1)≥1,则2a +b 取到最小值时,ab 等于( ) A .3 B .4 C .6 D .9 答案 D解析 由log 2(a -2)+log 2(b -1)≥1,可得a -2>0, b -1>0且(a -2)(b -1)≥2.所以2a +b =2(a -2)+(b -1)+5≥22(a -2)(b -1)+5≥22×2+5=9, 当且仅当2(a -2)=b -1且(a -2)(b -1)=2时等号成立,解得a =b =3. 所以2a +b 取到最小值时,ab =3×3=9.6.已知函数f (x )=e x (|ln x |-m )-x 有两个零点,则m 的取值范围为( ) A .(-e ,+∞) B.⎝⎛⎭⎫-1e ,+∞ C .(-1,+∞) D .(0,+∞)答案 B解析 令f (x )=0,可化为xex +m =|ln x |,令g (x )=xe x +m ,g ′(x )=1-x e x ,令g ′(x )=0,得x =1,当x ∈(0,1)时,g ′(x )>0, 当x ∈(1,+∞)时,g ′(x )<0, 所以g (x )max =g (1)=1e+m .g (x )先增后减,即从m 增大到1e +m ,然后递减到m ,而函数y =|ln x |,x ∈(0,1)时由正无穷递减到0,然后又逐渐增大,所以1e +m >0,即m >-1e.7.为了调查某厂2 000名工人生产某种产品的能力,随机抽查了20位工人某天生产该产品的数量,产品数量的分组区间为[10,15),[15,20),[20,25),[25,30),[30,35],频率分布直方图如图所示,工厂规定从生产低于20件产品的工人中随机地选取2位工人进行培训,则这2位工人不在同一组的概率是( )A.110B.715C.815D.1315 答案 C解析 根据频率分布直方图,可知产品件数在[10,15),[15,20)内的人数分别为5×0.02×20=2,5×0.04×20=4,设生产产品件数在[10,15)内的2人分别是A ,B ,生产产品件数在[15,20)内的4人分别为C ,D ,E ,F ,则从生产低于20件产品的工人中随机地选取2位工人的结果有(A ,B ),(A ,C ),(A ,D ),(A ,E ),(A ,F ),(B ,C ),(B ,D ),(B ,E ),(B ,F ),(C ,D ),(C ,E ),(C ,F ),(D ,E ),(D ,F ),(E ,F ),共15种,2位工人不在同一组的结果有(A ,C ),(A ,D ),(A ,E ),(A ,F ),(B ,C ),(B ,D ),(B ,E ),(B ,F ),共8种,故选取的2位工人不在同一组的概率为815.8.已知椭圆x 2a 2+y 2b 2=1(a >b >0),点F 为左焦点,点P 为下顶点,平行于FP 的直线l 交椭圆于A ,B 两点,且AB 的中点为M ⎝⎛⎭⎫1,12,则椭圆的离心率为( ) A.22 B.12 C.14 D.32答案 A解析 设A (x 1,y 1),B (x 2,y 2).∵AB 的中点为M ⎝⎛⎭⎫1,12,∴x 1+x 2=2,y 1+y 2=1. ∵PF ∥l ,∴k PF =k l =-b c =y 1-y 2x 1-x 2.又x 21a 2+y 21b 2=1,x 22a 2+y 22b2=1,∴(x 1+x 2)(x 1-x 2)a 2+(y 1+y 2)(y 1-y 2)b 2=0,∴2a 2+-bc b 2=0, 可得2bc =a 2,∴4c 2(a 2-c 2)=a 4,化为4e 4-4e 2+1=0, 解得e 2=12,0<e <1.∴e =22. 二、多项选择题(本大题共4小题,每小题5分,共20分.全部选对的得5分,部分选对的得3分,有选错的得0分) 9.下列说法不正确的是( )A.AB →∥CD →表示AB →所在的直线平行于CD →所在的直线 B .长度相等的向量叫作相等向量 C .零向量的长度等于0D .共线向量是在一条直线上的向量 答案 ABD解析 AB →∥DC →表示AB →所在的直线平行于DC →所在的直线,或AB →所在的直线与DC →所在的直线重合;相等向量不仅要求长度相等,还要求方向相同;共线向量也称为平行向量,它们可以是在一条直线上的向量,也可以是所在直线互相平行的向量,所以A ,B ,D 均错误. 10.已知数列{a n }是公差不为0的等差数列,前n 项和为S n ,满足a 1+5a 3=S 8,下列选项正确的有( ) A .a 10=0 B .S 7=S 12 C .S 10最小 D .S 20=0答案 AB解析 因为{a n }是等差数列,设公差为d ,由a 1+5a 3=S 8, 可得a 1+9d =0,即a 10=0,即选项A 正确;又S 12-S 7=a 8+a 9+a 10+a 11+a 12=5a 10=0,即选项B 正确;当d >0时,则S 9或S 10最小,当d <0时,则S 9或S 10最大,即选项C 错误; 又S 19=19a 10=0,a 20≠0,所以S 20≠0,即选项D 错误. 11.已知函数f (x )=2sin ⎝⎛⎭⎫x +π3,则下列结论正确的有( ) A .函数f (x )的最大值为2B .函数f (x )的图象关于点⎝⎛⎭⎫-π6,0对称 C .函数f (x )的图象向左平移π3个单位长度可得函数g (x )=2cos ⎝⎛⎭⎫x +π6的图象 D .函数f (x )的图象与函数h (x )=2sin ⎝⎛⎭⎫x -2π3的图象关于x 轴对称 答案 ACD解析 由函数f (x )=2sin ⎝⎛⎭⎫x +π3可得最大值为2,故A 对;可令x +π3=k π,k ∈Z ,可得x =k π-π3,k ∈Z ,即对称中心为⎝⎛⎭⎫k π-π3,0,k ∈Z ,故B 错;f (x )的图象向左平移π3个单位长度可得y =2sin ⎝⎛⎭⎫x +π3+π3,即y =2sin ⎝⎛⎭⎫x +2π3=2sin ⎝⎛⎭⎫x +π6+π2=2cos ⎝⎛⎭⎫x +π6,故C 对;与函数f (x )的图象关于x 轴对称的函数为y =-2sin ⎝⎛⎭⎫x +π3=2sin ⎣⎡⎦⎤⎝⎛⎭⎫x +π3-π=2sin ⎝⎛⎭⎫x -2π3,故D 对.12.如图是四棱锥的平面展开图,其中四边形ABCD 为正方形,点E ,F ,G ,H 分别为P A ,PD ,PC ,PB 的中点,在此几何体中,给出下面四个结论,其中正确的有( )A .平面EFGH ∥平面ABCDB .BC ∥平面P AD C .AB ∥平面PCD D .平面P AD ∥平面P AB 答案 ABC解析 把平面展开图还原为四棱锥如图所示,则EH ∥AB ,又EH ⊄平面ABCD ,AB ⊂平面ABCD ,∴EH ∥平面ABCD .同理可证EF ∥平面ABCD ,又EF ∩EH =E ,EF ,EH ⊂平面EFGH ,∴平面EFGH ∥平面ABCD ;平面P AD ,平面PBC ,平面P AB ,平面PDC 均是四棱锥的四个侧面,则它们两两相交.∵AB ∥CD ,AB ⊄平面PCD ,CD ⊂平面PCD , ∴AB ∥平面PCD .同理BC ∥平面P AD .三、填空题(本大题共4小题,每小题5分,共20分)13.已知函数f (x )=⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧2-x ,x ≤-1,x +1,x >-1,则不等式f (x )≥2的解集为________________.答案 (-∞,-1]∪[1,+∞)解析 由不等式f (x )≥2,可得⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧x ≤-1,2-x ≥2,①或⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧x >-1,x +1≥2,② 解①求得 x ≤-1,解②求得 x ≥1, 故不等式的解集为(-∞,-1]∪[1,+∞).14.已知等差数列{a n },{b n }的前n 项和分别是S n 与T n ,若S n T n =2n 3n +1,则a 7b 7=________,a nb n =________.(本题第一空2分,第二空3分) 答案 1320 2n -13n -1解析a 7b 7=S 13T 13=2×133×13+1=1320, a n b n =(2n -1)a n (2n -1)b n =S 2n -1T 2n -1=2(2n -1)3(2n -1)+1=2n -13n -1. 15.已知函数f (x )=e |x |+|x |,若关于x 的方程f (x )=k 有两个不同的实根,则实数k 的取值范围是________.答案 (1,+∞)解析 函数f (x )的定义域为R ,且f (-x )=e |-x |+|-x |=e |x |+|x |=f (x ),所以f (x )为偶函数,当x ≥0时,f (x )=e x +x 单调递增. 作出函数f (x )的图象如图所示,由题意知k >1.16.(2019·杭州14中月考)如图,在正方形ABCD 中,E 为AB 的中点,P 为以A 为圆心、AB 为半径的圆弧上的任意一点,设向量AC →=λDE →+μAP →,则λ+μ的取值范围是________.答案 ⎣⎡⎦⎤12,5解析 以A 为原点,以AB 所在的直线为x 轴,建立直角坐标系,设正方形ABCD 的边长为1,则C (1,1),D (0,1),A (0,0),B (1,0). ∵E 为AB 的中点,得E ⎝⎛⎭⎫12,0,设 P (cos θ,sin θ),∴AC →=(1,1),DE →=⎝⎛⎭⎫12,-1,AP →=(cos θ,sin θ). 再由向量AC →=λ⎝⎛⎭⎫12,-1+μ(cos θ,sin θ)=⎝⎛⎭⎫λ2+μcos θ,-λ+μsin θ=(1,1), ∴⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧λ2+μcos θ=1,-λ+μsin θ=1,∴⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧λ=2sin θ-2cos θ2cos θ+sin θ,μ=32cos θ+sin θ,∴λ+μ=3+2sin θ-2cos θ2cos θ+sin θ=(-2cos θ-sin θ)+3sin θ+32cos θ+sin θ=-1+3sin θ+32cos θ+sin θ.由题意得0≤θ≤π2.∴0≤cos θ≤1,0≤sin θ≤1,设f (θ)=-1+3sin θ+32cos θ+sin θ,0≤θ≤π2,则f ′(θ)=6+6sin θ-3cos θ(2cos θ+sin θ)2>0,故f (θ)在⎣⎡⎦⎤0,π2上是增函数, 当θ=0时,λ+μ取最小值为3+0-22+0=12, 当θ=π2时,λ+μ取最大值为3+21=5,故λ+μ的取值范围为⎣⎡⎦⎤12,5.四、解答题(本大题共6小题,共70分)17.(10分)已知函数f (x )=sin(ωx +φ)⎝⎛⎭⎫ω>0,0<φ<π2的最小正周期为π,且cos 2φ+cos φ=0. (1)求ω和f ⎝⎛⎭⎫π2的值;(2)若f ⎝⎛⎭⎫α2=35(0<α<π),求sin α.解 (1)∵函数f (x )=sin(ωx +φ)⎝⎛⎭⎫ω>0,0<φ<π2 的最小正周期为2πω=π,∴ω=2. ∵cos 2φ+cos φ=2cos 2φ-1+cos φ=0, ∴cos φ=-1或cos φ=12,又0<φ<π2,∴φ=π3,∴f (x )=sin ⎝⎛⎭⎫2x +π3, ∴f ⎝⎛⎭⎫π2=sin ⎝⎛⎭⎫π+π3=-32. (2)∵f ⎝⎛⎭⎫α2=sin ⎝⎛⎭⎫α+π3=35<32,∴α+π3为钝角, ∴cos ⎝⎛⎭⎫α+π3=-1-sin 2⎝⎛⎭⎫α+π3=-45, ∴sin α=sin ⎣⎡⎦⎤⎝⎛⎭⎫α+π3-π3=sin ⎝⎛⎭⎫α+π3cos π3-cos ⎝⎛⎭⎫α+π3sin π3=35×12+45×32=3+4310. 18.(12分)设正项等比数列{a n },已知a 2=2,a 3a 4a 5=29. (1)求首项a 1和公比q 的值;(2)若数列{b n }满足b n =1n [lg a 1+lg a 2+…+lg a n -1+lg(ka n )],问是否存在正数k ,使数列{b n }为等差数列?若存在,求k 的值;若不存在,说明理由. 解 (1)∵a 3a 4a 5=(a 4)3=29, 得a 4=23=8 (a 4>0), ∴a 4a 2=q 2=4,q =2. 又由a 4=a 1q 3,即8=a 1·23, 解得a 1=1.(2)由(1)知,a n =2n -1.b n =1n [lg a 1+lg a 2+…+lg a n -1+lg(ka n )]=1n lg(ka 1a 2…a n )=1nlg(k ·20+1+2+…+(n -1)) =1n [lg k +lg 2n (n -1)2]=lg k n +n -12lg 2,若数列{b n }为等差数列,则b n +1-b n =lg k n +1+n 2lg 2-lg k n -n -12lg 2=lg k ·⎝⎛⎭⎫1n +1-1n +12lg 2=-1n (n +1)lg k +12lg 2为常数. 则lg k =0,k =1.∴存在正数k =1,使数列{b n }为等差数列.19.(12分)如图,在四棱锥P -ABCD 中,底面ABCD 是菱形,∠BAD =60°,AB =2,P A =1,P A ⊥平面ABCD ,点E 是PC 的中点,F 是AB 的中点.(1)求证:BE ∥平面PDF ;(2)求直线BE 与平面P AD 所成角的正弦值. (1)证明 取PD 的中点为M ,连接ME ,MF .∵E 是PC 的中点, ∴ME 是△PCD 的中位线, ∴ME ∥CD 且ME =12CD .∵F 是AB 的中点且ABCD 是菱形,AB ∥CD 且AB =CD , ∴ME ∥AB 且ME =12AB .∴ME ∥FB 且ME =FB .∴四边形MEBF 是平行四边形, ∴BE ∥MF .又BE ⊄平面PDF ,MF ⊂平面PDF , ∴BE ∥平面PDF . (2)解 由(1)得BE ∥MF ,∴直线BE 与平面P AD 所成角就是直线MF 与平面P AD 所成角. 取AD 的中点G ,连接BD ,BG . ∵底面ABCD 是菱形,∠BAD =60°, ∴△ABD 是正三角形, ∴BG ⊥AD ,∵P A ⊥平面ABCD ,P A ⊂平面P AD , ∴平面P AD ⊥平面ABCD ,且平面P AD ∩平面ABCD =AD ,BG ⊥AD ,BG ⊂平面ABCD , ∴BG ⊥平面P AD .过F 作FH ∥BG ,交AD 于H ,则FH ⊥平面P AD ,连接MH ,则∠FMH 就是MF 与平面P AD 所成的角. 又F 是AB 的中点, ∴H 是AG 的中点.连接MG ,又M 是PD 的中点, ∴MG ∥P A 且MG =12P A .在Rt △MGH 中,MG =12P A =12,GH =14AD =12,∴MH =22. 在正三角形ABD 中,BG =3, ∴FH =12BG =32.在Rt △MHF 中, MF =⎝⎛⎭⎫222+⎝⎛⎭⎫322=52, ∴sin ∠FMH =FH FM =3252=155,∴直线BE 与平面P AD 所成角的正弦值为155. 20.(12分)“中国式过马路”存在很大的交通安全隐患.某调查机构为了解路人对“中国式过马路”的态度是否与性别有关,从马路旁随机抽取30名路人进行了问卷调查,得到了如下列联表:已知在这30人中随机抽取1人抽到反感“中国式过马路”的路人的概率是815.(1)请将上面的列联表补充完整(直接写结果,不需要写求解过程),并据此资料分析反感“中国式过马路”与性别是否有关?(2)若从这30人中的女性路人中随机抽取2人参加一活动,记反感“中国式过马路”的人数为X ,求X 的分布列和数字期望. 附:K 2=n (ad -bc )2(a +b )(c +d )(a +c )(b +d ).解 (1)由已知数据得K 2的观测值k =30×(10×8-6×6)216×14×16×14≈1.158<2.706.所以,没有充足的理由认为反感“中国式过马路”与性别有关. (2)X 的可能取值为0,1,2, P (X =0)=C 28C 214=413,P (X =1)=C 16C 18C 214=4891,P (X =2)=C 26C 214=1591.所以X 的分布列为X 的期望为E (X )=0×413+1×4891+2×1591=67.21.(12分)已知椭圆C :x 2a 2+y 2b 2=1(a >b >0)的左、右焦点分别为F 1,F 2,且点F 1到椭圆C上任意一点的最大距离为3,椭圆C 的离心率为12.(1)求椭圆C 的标准方程;(2)是否存在斜率为-1的直线l 与以线段F 1F 2为直径的圆相交于A ,B 两点,与椭圆相交于C ,D 两点,且|CD ||AB |=837?若存在,求出直线l 的方程;若不存在,说明理由.解 (1)根据题意,设F 1,F 2的坐标分别为(-c,0),(c,0), 根据椭圆的几何性质可得⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧a +c =3,c a =12,解得a =2,c =1,则b 2=a 2-c 2=3, 故椭圆C 的标准方程为x 24+y 23=1.(2)假设存在斜率为-1的直线l , 那么可设为y =-x +m ,则由(1)知F 1,F 2的坐标分别为(-1,0),(1,0),可得以线段F 1F 2为直径的圆为x 2+y 2=1, 圆心(0,0)到直线l 的距离d =|m |2<1,得|m |<2,|AB |=21-d 2=21-m 22=2×2-m 2,联立⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧x 24+y 23=1,y =-x +m 得7x 2-8mx +4m 2-12=0,设C (x 1,y 1),D (x 2,y 2),则Δ=(8m )2-4×7×(4m 2-12)=336-48m 2=48(7-m 2)>0, 得m 2<7,x 1+x 2=8m7,x 1x 2=4m 2-127, |CD |=2|x 1-x 2|=2×⎝⎛⎭⎫8m 72-4×4m 2-127=2×336-48m 249=467×7-m 2=837|AB | =837×2× 2-m 2,解得m 2=13<2,得m =±33.即存在符合条件的直线l :y =-x ±33.22.(12分)已知函数f (x )=ln x +x 2-ax (a ∈R ). (1)若f (x )在其定义域上为增函数,求a 的取值范围;(2)若f (x )存在极值,试求a 的取值范围,并证明所有极值之和小于-3+ln 12;(3)设a n =1+1n (n ∈N *),求证:3(a 1+a 2+…+a n )-(a 21+a 22+…+a 2n )<ln(n +1)+2n . (1)解 f ′(x )=1x +2x -a ,x >0,由已知得f ′(x )>0对x >0恒成立, 即a ≤1x +2x ,x >0,由于1x +2x ≥21x×2x =22, 当且仅当x =22时等号成立, 所以a ≤2 2.(2)解 由已知得,f ′(x )=0在(0,+∞)内有零点, 即2x 2-ax +1=0在(0,+∞)内有零点, 记g (x )=2x 2-ax +1,由于g (0)=1, ∴⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧Δ=a 2-8>0,a 4>0,解得a >2 2.设f (x )的两个极值点为x 1,x 2, 则x 1+x 2=a 2,x 1x 2=12,∴f (x 1)+f (x 2)=(ln x 1+x 21-ax 1)+(ln x 2+x 22-ax 2)=ln x 1x 2-a (x 1+x 2)+(x 1+x 2)2-2x 1x 2=ln 12-a 22+a 24-1=-a 24-1+ln 12<-3+ln 12, ∴所有极值之和小于-3+ln 12.(3)证明 令a =3,则f (x )=ln x +x 2-3x ,x >1, f ′(x )=2x 2-3x +1x =(x -1)(2x -1)x>0,即f (x )在(1,+∞)上为增函数,∴f (x )>f (1)=-2, 即ln x +x 2-3x >-2,3x -x 2<ln x +2,∴3(a 1+a 2+…+a n )-(a 21+a 22+…+a 2n )<ln(a 1a 2…a n )+2n =ln(n +1)+2n .。

相关文档
最新文档