安全工程专业英语.ppt
安全工程专业英语UNIT FOUR
• Any type of work that involves materials or equipment that may be harmful without forceful contact is a source of contact-with accidents.
• Management is not as close to the actual work being performed as are those performing the work.
UNIT FOUR
HAZARD IDENTIFICATION
句子分析
• It is important to remember that a worker may perceive something as a hazard, when in fact it may not be a true hazard; the risk may not match the ranking that the worker placed on it.
• To prevent industrial accidents, the people, machines, and other factors which can cause accidents, including the energies associated with them, must be controlled.
安全工程专业英语汉译英1-8
Unit One安全管理safety management 事故致因accident causation 不安全行为unsafe acts不安全状态unsafe conditions企业安全文化corporate safety culture安全政策safety policyUnit Two系统安全工程system safety engineering 危险辩识hazard identification/identified危险控制hazard control 安全评价safety evaluation危险分析hazard analysis安全准则safety criteria Unit Three安全人机工程safety ergonomics 工作效率work efficiency工作压力job stressors伤害率injury rate人机过程ergonomics process职业伤残work injuryUnit Four工伤保险injury insurance 人因失误human error风险评估risk assessment人机系统ergonomics system工业事故industrial system事故类型accident types Unit Five职业安全健康occupational health and safety职业安全健康管理体系occupational health and safety management system危险源分析hazard analysis 事故分析accident analysis风险管理risk management职业伤害occupational injury Unit Six工业卫生industrial hygiene 物理危害physical hazards 化学危害chemical hazards非电离辐射non-ionizing radiation生物危害biological hazards职业病occupational diseaseUnit Seven安全文化safety culture企业文化corporate culture 高危行业high-risk industry事故率accident rate应急预案emergency plan安全评审safety review Unit Eight安全激励safety motivation 自我激励self-motivation个人需求individual demand 社会需求social needs安全氛围safety atmosphere 生理需求physiological needs。
安全工程 专业外语
否定意义的前缀
Acetylene N-UNCOUNT 不可数名词 乙炔，电石气（一种无色可燃气体，有高热烈 焰，常用于灯具照明、切割和焊接金属等） Acetylene is a colourless gas which burns with a very hot bright flame. It is often used in lamps and for cutting and welding metal
Determination of meanings
(2) the influence of the article名词前面的冠词 The match was put on the air last night. (3) countable and uncountable名词的可数与 不可数 Executives must be able to handle a change in broad segments of industry, society, and government. 管理人员必须有能力驾驭企业、社会和管理诸 多方面的变化。
表示程度的前缀
equi- 同等 fore- 前，先于 hemi- 半 semi- 半 hypo- 低，次 multi- 多 over- 超过，过分
安全工程专业英语
一、专业词汇翻译mine n. 矿山，矿井。
v. 采矿colliery n. 矿井coal mining 采煤coalfield n. 煤田strike n. 走向dip n. 倾向roadway n. 巷道mining district 采区coalface n. 采煤面working face工作面ventilation n. 通风bolt v. 打锚杆；n. 锚杆immediate roof 直接顶；floor 底板；gas，methane 瓦斯outcrop 露头，露出地面的岩层fault n. 断层occurrence 赋存coalfield 煤田air shaft风井surrounding rock 围岩Mine ventilation 矿山通风internal combustion engine 内燃机dilute冲淡, 变淡, 变弱, 稀释contaminant 污染物noxious 有害的exhaust shaft 出风井colliery 煤矿trap door 通风门moisture content 湿度rank 品级bituminous 烟煤anthracite 无烟煤igneous[地]火成的natural fracture原生裂隙cleat【地质】割理porosity 多孔性sorptive吸附的Permeability渗透性free gas游离状态瓦斯adsorbed gas吸附状态瓦斯voidage孔隙度adsorption isotherm吸附等温线Methane drainage 瓦斯抽放Borehole 钻孔★Accident Causation Models：事故致因模型★System safety：系统安全★Hazard analysis：危害分析★Hazard identification：危险源辨识★Ergonomics process 人机工程过程★Hazard Identification 危险源辨识★safety culture 安全文化★corporate culture 企业文化★Accident Investigation：事故调查★mine fire 矿井火灾二、句型翻译★1、Rasmussen and Jensen have presented a three-level skill-rule-knowledge model for describing the origins of the different types of human errors.Rasmussen和Jensen提出了一种技能—规范—知识的三级模型，用来描述不同类型的人为失误的来源。
《安全工程专业英语》教学课件 unit1
Accident Causation Analysis and Taxonomy (ACAT) model
Since the concepts of man-machine-media model was first proposed by T.P. Wright, it has had a profound effect on accident analysis and prevention. Afterward, Management and Mission were introduced and the 5M model was established. In consideration of the complexity of system failure, more system factors have been incorporated into 5M model. For instance, Miller summarized seven system safety factors, which are man, machine, media, management, time, cost, and information.
Unite One
Safety Theory
Despite an enormous amount of effort and resources applied to security in recent years, significant progress seems to be lacking. Similarly, changes in engineering are making traditional safety analysis techniques increasingly less effective. Most of these techniques were created over 50 years ago when systems were primarily composed of electromechanical components and were orders of magnitude less complex than today’s software-intetion Analysis and Taxonomy (ACAT) model
资料：《安全工程专业英语》
Unit 1 safety management systemAccident causation models 事故致因理论Safety management 安全管理Physical conditions 物质条件Machine guarding 机械保护装置House-keeping 工作场所管理Top management 高层管理人员Human errors 人因失误Accident-proneness models 事故倾向模型Munitions factory 军工厂Causal factors 起因Risking taking 冒险行为Corporate culture 企业文化Loss prevention 损失预防Process industry 制造工业Hazard control 危险控制Intensive study 广泛研究Organizational performance 企业绩效Mutual trust 相互信任Safety officer 安全官员Safety committee 安全委员会Shop-floor 生产区Unionized company 集团公司Seniority 资历、工龄Local culture 当地文化Absenteeism rate 缺勤率Power relations 权力关系Status review 状态审查Lower-level management 低层管理者Business performance 组织绩效Most senior executive 高级主管Supervisory level 监督层Safety principle 安全规则Wall-board 公告栏Implement plan 执行计划Hazard identification 危险辨识Safety performance 安全性能One comprehensive definition for an organizational culture has been presented by Schein who has said the organizational culture is “a pattern of basic assumptions – invented, discovered, or developed by a given group as it learns to cope with its problems of external adaptation and internal integration –that has worked well enough to be considered valid and, therefore, to be taught to new members as the correct way to perceive, think, and feel in relation to those problems”译文：Schein给出了组织文化的广泛定义，他认为组织文化是由若干基本假设组成的一种模式，这些假设是由某个特定团体在处理外部适应问题与内部整合问题的过程中发明、发现或完善的。
安全工程专业英语
一、专业词汇翻译mine n. 矿山，矿井。
v. 采矿colliery n. 矿井coal mining 采煤coalfield n. 煤田strike n. 走向dip n. 倾向roadway n. 巷道mining district 采区coalface n. 采煤面working face工作面ventilation n. 通风bolt v. 打锚杆；n. 锚杆immediate roof 直接顶；floor 底板；gas，methane 瓦斯outcrop 露头，露出地面的岩层fault n. 断层occurrence 赋存coalfield 煤田air shaft风井surrounding rock 围岩Mine ventilation 矿山通风internal combustion engine 内燃机dilute冲淡, 变淡, 变弱, 稀释contaminant 污染物noxious 有害的exhaust shaft 出风井colliery 煤矿trap door 通风门moisture content 湿度rank 品级bituminous 烟煤anthracite 无烟煤igneous[地]火成的natural fracture原生裂隙cleat【地质】割理porosity 多孔性sorptive吸附的Permeability渗透性free gas游离状态瓦斯adsorbed gas吸附状态瓦斯voidage孔隙度adsorption isotherm吸附等温线Methane drainage 瓦斯抽放Borehole 钻孔★Accident Causation Models：事故致因模型★System safety：系统安全★Hazard analysis：危害分析★Hazard identification：危险源辨识★Ergonomics process 人机工程过程★Hazard Identification 危险源辨识★safety culture 安全文化★corporate culture 企业文化★Accident Investigation：事故调查★mine fire 矿井火灾二、句型翻译★1、Rasmussen and Jensen have presented a three-level skill-rule-knowledge model for describing the origins of the different types of human errors.Rasmussen和Jensen提出了一种技能—规范—知识的三级模型，用来描述不同类型的人为失误的来源。
《安全工程专业英语》教学课件 unit5
The legal framework for health and safety
One example of criminal law enforcement agency is The Health and Safety at Work (HSW). Act is an example of criminal law and this is enforced either by the HSE or Local Authority Environmental Health Officers (EHOs). Other agencies which enforce criminal law include the Fire Authority, the Environment Agency, Trading Standards and Customs and Excise. Civil law concerns disputes between individuals or individuals and companies. An individual sues another individual or company to address a civil wrong or tort.
The legal framework for health and safety
There are two sub-divisions of the law that apply to health and safety issues: criminal law and civil law. Criminal law consists of rules of behavior laid down by the Government or the State and, normally, enacted by Parliament through Acts of Parliament. These rules or Acts are imposed on the people for the protection of the people. Criminal law is enforced by several different Government Agencies who may prosecute individuals and organizations for contravening criminal laws.
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二、广泛使用被动语句
例如：
Attention must be paid to the working temperature of the machine.
科技文章要求行文简练，结构紧凑，为此，往 往使用分词短语代替定语从句或状语从句；使 用分词独立结构代替状语从句或并列分句；使 用不定式短语代替各种从句；介词+动名词短 语代替定语从句或状语从句。这样可缩短句子， 又比较醒目。
三、非限定动词
A direct current is a current flowing always in the same direction. 直流电是一种总是沿同一方向流动的电流。
大量使用名词化结构是科技英语的特点之 一。因为科技文体要求行文简洁、表达客 观、内容确切、信息量大、强调存在的事 实。而非某一行为。
一、大量使用名词化结构
Archimedes [B:ki`mi:di:z] first discovered the principle of displacement of water by solid bodies.
电能可储存在由一绝缘介质隔开的两块金属极板内。 这样的装置称之为电容器，其储存电能的能力称为电 容。电容的测量单位是法拉。
这一段短文中四个句子主语完全不同，它们都 包含了较多的信息，并且处于句首的位置，非 常醒目，前后连贯，自然流畅；同时避免了单 调重复，足见被动结构可收简洁客观之效。
三、非限定动词
应当注意机器的工作温度。 而很少说：
You must pay attention to the working temperature of t作温度。 此外，科技文章将主要信息前置，放在主语部 份。这也是广泛使用被动态的主要原因。
二、广泛使用被动语句
Electrical energy can be stored in two metal plates separated by an insulating medium. Such a device is called a capacitor[kE5pAsitE], or a condenser. And its ability to store electrical energy is called capacitance . It is measured in farads.
名词化结构the rotation of the earth on its own axis 使复合句简化成简单句，而且使表 达的概念更加确切严密。
一、大量使用名词化结构
Television is the transmission and reception of images of moving objects by radio waves.
English for Safety Engineering
专业英语
将掌握的英语知识在专业领域中运用 的过程。 运用的场合 ➢ 文献阅读 ➢ 论文写作 ➢ 学术交流 关键：词汇
学习要求：
要求能够掌握本专业英语文献的基本的 专业词汇、专业术语；
熟悉专业英语的表述技法、文献阅读技 巧和写作特点；
能够比较熟练地阅读安全工程专业的英 文资料
三、非限定动词
Vibrating objects produce sound waves ,each v ibration producing one sound wave. 振动着的物体产生声波，每一次振动产生一个声波。
In communications, the problem of electronics [Ilek5trRnIks] is how to convey information from o ne place to another. 在通讯系统中，电子学要解决的问题是如何把信息从 一个地方传递到另一个地方。
三、非限定动词
There are different ways of changing energy from one form into another. 将能量从一种形式转变成另一种形式有各种不同的方 法。
阿基米德最先发现固体排水的原理。
句中of displacement of water by solid bodies 系名词化结构，一方面简化了同位 语从句，另一方强调displacement 这一事 实。
一、大量使用名词化结构
The rotation of the earth on its own axis causes the change from day to night. 地球绕轴自转，引起昼夜的变化。
电视通过无线电波发射和接受活动物体的图 像。
名词化结构the transmission and reception of images of moving objects by radio waves 强调客观事实，而谓语动词 则着重其发射和接受的能力。
二、广泛使用被动语句
Passive voice
科技英语的特点
科技文章文体的特点是：清晰、准确、 精练、严密。 科技文体崇尚严谨周密，概念准确，逻 辑性强，行文简练，重点突出，句式严 整，少有变化，常用前置性陈述，即在 句中将主要信息尽量前置，通过主语传 递主要信息。
一、大量使用名词化结构
Nominalization [nCminE,laiz`eiFEn]
Radiating from the earth, heat causes air currents to rise. 热量由地球辐射出来时，使得气流上升。
A body can more uniformly and in a straight line, there being no cause to change that motion. 如果没有改变物体运动的原因，那么物体将作匀速直 线运动。