大学英语四(综合教程)第六单元

大学体验英语四（综合教程）Unit 6Psychological HealthListen and TalkLead inAre you feeling really sad, tired, and worried most of the time? Are these feelings lasting more than a few days? If yes, you may have depression. Depression is a (S1) medical illness that (S2) the brain.You may want to know why you feel "depressed.”There may be (S3) causes. Depression may happen because of (S4) in your brain. Depression runs in some (S5) . This (S6) that someone in your family such as a grandparent, parent, aunt, uncle, cousin, sister or brother may have depression. Sometimes (S7) events or losses such as deaths can lead to depression. Sometimes the cause of depression is not clear.Don’t wait. Talk to your doctor about how you're feeling (S8) . If you don’t have a doctor, check your local phone book. (S9) . Call one near you and ask for help. (S10) . Ask your doctor which type is best for you. Some people need both treatments to feel better.Key:(S1) serious; (S2) involves; (S3) several; (S4) changes; (S5) families; (S6) means; (S7) painful; (S8) Get a medical checkup to rule out any other illnesses that might be causing signs of depression. (S9) Go to the government ser vices pages and look for "health clinics” or "community health centers.” (S10) There are two common types of treatment for depression: medicine and "talk” therapy.Passage A: Is It Healthy to Be a Football Supporter?2. Choose the best answer to each question based on the information you obtain from the passage.1. Psychologists often describe die-hard fans as ______.A) those who suffer fewer bouts of depression than others.B) those who are considered to be disturbingly different from othersC) those who demonstrate a fierce and unbreakable bondD) those who never search for self-esteem by identifying with a team2. To the die-hard fans, a football match ______.A) is a fight to protect their city or countryB) is a light-hearted display of athletic prowessC) is the best way to gain respect from their rivalsD) is a good chance for them to show their enthusiasm for football3. Which of the following statements is WRONG about the die-hard fans?A) They tend to blame their team’s failures in a biased referee.B) They get more psychologically aroused at games.C) They are likely to abandon a team when it’s doing badly.D) They spend more money on tickets and merchandise.4. Why do some fans remain loyal through thick and thin despite the repeated failure of their teams?A) Because they are much more optimistic about their favorite teams.B) Because they tend to blame their team’s failures on bad luck.C) Because they have higher self-esteem than those uninterested in sports.D) Because they desire to belong to a group or a society.5. The author thinks that ______.A) being a die-hard football fan can be good for your healthB) football makes many families break downC) all human beings share the basic psychological need to belongD) die-hard fans suffer from a kind of psychological disease6. The word "void”in the last sentence means _______.A) family bondB) psychological need to belongC) religious groupD) self-satisfaction7. We may conclude from the passage that the author’s attitude towards the football fans is ______.A) positiveB) negativeC) indifferentD) neutralAnswer: 1.B, 2.A, 3.C, 4.D, 5.C, 6.B, 7.A3 Answer the following questions with the information from the passage.1. What kind of people do psychologists portray die-hard fans as?Lonely misfits searching for self-esteem by identifying with a team.2. Compared to people who never watch a football match, what does the study mentioned in Para.3 suggests about the football fans?They suffer fewer bouts of depression and alienation3. Why does the author say that the fans’ connection to a team is fickle?(Because they say) "We won" (when) describing (the team’s) victory, and "they lost" (when) describing (its) defeat.4. "Highly-identified” fans tend to blame their team’s failure on a biased referee or on bad luck, rather than _____________.on their team’s mistakes or the other team's skill.5. Is a deep attachment to a team healthy according to the passage?Yes in most cases.plete the summary of the text. The first letter of the missing word has been given to you.Die-hard football fans are often 1) p as lonely misfits, but a study has 2) r that football fans suffer fewer bouts of 3) d and alienation than people who never watch the 4) g . The research shows that through football matches, fans can win 5) a not for their own achievements, but through their 6) c to a team that wins. More surprising is that they have higher self-esteem than people 7) u in sports. Some ardent fans remain 8) l to their teams through thick and thin, and this can be explained by the desire to belong to a group or a society. All human beings 9) i football fans ?share the basic 10) p need of belonging. Anwser: 1.portrayed 2.revealed 3.depression 4.game 5.admiration6.connection7.uninterested8.loyal9.including 10.psychological5. Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the form where necessary.primitive attachment arouse achievement abandonsharp confrontation crucial intense soar1. There were joyous celebrations all over the country, with parades and the ringing of church bells to honor the great ___ .2. Improved consumer confidence is ___ to an economic recovery.3. It is a ___ instinct to flee a place of danger.4. Later, some of his findings ___ much popular interest in his book.5. Psychologists believe that separation from the parents during the sensitive ___ period from birth to three may scar a child’s personality and predispose it to emotional problems in later life.6. The issue has caused great tension between the two countries and could lead to a military ___ .7. The introduction of computerized information systems has ___ changed management control in many companies.8. Most of the students have already felt the pressure of ___ inflation.9. Dozens of homes have had to be ___ as the sea has crept farther and farther inland.10. The ___ study of German helps Mark know more about German culture and customs. Answer: 1. achievement 2. crucial 3. demonstrate 4. aroused 5. attachment6. confrontation7. sharply8. soaring9. abandoned 10. intense6. Complete the following sentences with phrases or expressions from the passage.1. Go ahead with it, and we will stand by you ___ .2. Last Sunday evening we went to the school playground to ___ the school football team.3. The new evidence ___ my argument that they took advantage of the chance. .4. The garden has ___ our family for a long time.5. For 12 years, we've sought to ___ this ultimate threat of disaster.Answer:1. through thick and thin 2. root for 3. backed up 4. belonged to 5. stave off7.The following games related words occur in this passage. Find 5 pairs of near synonyms and 2 pairs of near antonyms.conflict psychological clash mental depressionlight-harted feeling sad back up harmful self-worthintense support self-esteem helpfulSynonyms1 ________________________ is similar in meaning to ________________________.2 ________________________ is similar in meaning to ________________________.3 ________________________ is similar in meaning to ________________________.4 ________________________ is similar in meaning to ________________________.5 ________________________ is similar in meaning to ________________________. Artonyms1 ________________________ is nearly opposite in meaning to ________________________.2 ________________________ is nearly opposite in meaning to ________________________. Synonyms Antonyms1 conflict; clash 1 light-hearted; intense2 mental; psychological 2 helpful; harmful3 feeling sad; depression4 self-esteem; self-worth5 back up; support8. Translate the following sentences into English.1.她将她的少年时代描绘成一个幻想和发现的时期。