2019高考英语 词汇(8)练习

词汇（8）复习：1、核心单词2、重点短语3、写作句式4、我读我练（词汇应用、句式仿写）【单句单词语法填空】1． ________ news of the mayor's coming to our school for a visit was given out on the radio yesterday.答案：The 句意为：市长来我们学校参观的新闻昨天通过收音机发布了。

名词news后有介词短语修饰，起限定作用，表特指，故填the。

2． In Germany, ________ succe ssful project, which roughly translates as “adopt a grandparent”， has been running with a great success.答案：a 句意为：在德国，一个名为“领养祖父母”的项目已成功运行。

project为单数可数名词，此处意为“一个成功的项目”，表泛指。

故填不定冠词a。

3．(2015·陕西宝鸡中学期中改编)—Mom, why can't I have ________ new bike？—Dear, you know, money doesn't grow on trees.答案：a 句意为：——妈妈，我为什么不能要一辆新自行车？——亲爱的，你要知道，赚钱可不是件容易的事。

bike为单数可数名词，是首次提到，此处表泛指，故用不定冠词a。

4．(2015·安徽江淮十校联考改编)________ wish always remains unrealistic that you can come first in the final exam when you make no efforts at all.答案：The 句意为：你不付出任何努力而想在期末考试中得第一名的愿望是不现实的。

wish后有that引导的同位语从句修饰，表特指，故填定冠词the。

5．(2015·广东中山七校联考改编)Your son is in great danger and he needs ________ immediate operation which costs 48,000 yuan.答案：an 句意为：你的儿子很危险，他需要紧急手术，费用为48,000元。

operation 为单数可数名词，且immediate为元音音素开头，故填不定冠词an。

核心单词1.contrary n. 相反adj. 相反的2.contribute vi. 捐款；做出贡献；有助于，促成；投稿(to)3.controversial adj. 引起争论的，有争议的4.convenience n. 方便；便利5.convey vt. 表达，传达(思想、感情等)；运送；搬运6.convince vt. 使确信，使信服，说服7.cook n. 炊事员，厨师v. 烹调，做饭8.corporation n. 公司，企业，法人9.correction n. 改正10.correspond vi. (with/to)符合，相一致；(with)通信；(to)相当于，相类似11.corrupt adj. 贪污的，腐败的v. 使腐化，堕落12.courage n. 勇气；胆略13.course n. 过程；经过；课程14.crash v.& n. 碰撞，撞击15.create vt. 创造；造成16.creature n. 生物，动物17.credit n. 信用；信赖；信誉18.criminal n. 罪犯19.criterion (pl.criteria) n. 标准，准则，原则20.crossing n. 十字路口，人行横道21.crossroads n. 交叉路口22.crowd n. 人群vt. 拥挤，群聚23.culture n. 文化24.cure n.& vt. 治疗；医好25.curious adj. 好奇的；奇异的重点短语1.contribute to... 有助于……；对……起作用；促成……；是……的部分原因contribute...to... 把……贡献给……make contributions to 对……作出贡献2.drop out 退出，脱离；辍学figure out 想清楚，弄明白；算出fill out 填写(表格等)sell out 售完wear out 耗尽，使筋疲力尽；穿破3.earn one’s living 谋生earn one’s fame 赢得名声；成名earn the name of 获得……的美名【阅读理解】The British are supposed to be famous for laughing at themselves, but even their sense of humor has a limit, as the British retailer Gerald Ratner found out to his cost.When Ratner took over his father’s chain of 140 jewelry shops in 1984, he introduced a very clear company policy. He decided that his shops should sell down market products at the lowest possible prices. It was a great success. The British public loved his cheap gold earrings and his tasteless silver decorations. By 1991, Ratner’s company had 2,400 shops and it was worth over 680 million pounds. But in April of that year, Gerald Ratner made a big mistake. At a bit meeting of top British business people, he suited up and explained the secret of his success —People say “How can we sell our goods for such a low price?”. He say “Because they are absolute rubbish.” His audience burst out laughing. But the British newspapers and the British public were not so amused. People felt insulted and stayed away from Ratner’s shops.Sales fell and six months after his speech ,Ratner’s share price had fallen by 42%. The following year, things got worse and Gerald Ratner was forced to resign. By the end of 1992, he lost his company, his career and his house. Even worse, 25,000 of his employees had lost their jobs. It had been a very expensive joke.1.What are the British noted for according to the passage?A. Their jewelry shops.B. Their love for jewelry.C. Their jokes about themselves.D. Their harmless humor.2.How did Ratner achieve success in his business?A. He cut down his labor cost.B. He adopted an effective business model.C. He employed a lot of new staff.D. He developed great relations with business VIPs.3.Which of the following can best replace the underlined word “insulted”?A. Offended.B. Amazed.C. Abused.D. Attracted.4.What does the story of Gerald Ratner suggest?A. Action speaks louder than words.B. What goes around comes around.C.A friend in need is a friend indeed.D.A man may dig his grave with his teeth.【文章大意】本文为记叙文。

讲述的是英国零售商Gerald Ratner因为自嘲时说错话而导致失败的故事。

2.B 【解析】推理判断题。

根据第二段第一句话中的“…he introduced a very clear companypolicy.” 和第二句话He decided that his shops should sell down market products at the lowest possible prices. 可知他采用了一种有效的商业模式——以最低价销售产品，故选B。

3.A 【解析】词义猜测题。

根据第二段最后两句话可知人们感到受到了侮辱冒犯，都不去他的商店了，由此可知该词与offended一致，故选A。

写作句式宾语从句1.(2016·安徽高考书面表达)I am wondering if you have made a definite plan for the coming summer holiday.我想知道你是否为即将到来的暑假制订了明确的计划。

2.(2015·北京高考书面表达)I think the picture is telling us that there is usuallya difference between one’s dream and reality.我认为这幅图是在告诉我们通常梦想和现实之间是有区别的。