家庭防盗报警系统外文翻译
淮阴工学院
毕业设计(论文)外文资料翻译
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外文出处：Multimedia Technology (ICMT), (用外文写)2011 International Conference on 附件： 1.外文资料翻译译文；2.外文原文。
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附件1：外文资料翻译译文
基于单片机的无线防盗报警系统设计
龙光利
陕西理工学院
信息工程系
中国，杭州
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摘要：为了对盗窃，抢劫等事故进行有效的监测和预警，统一使用了AT89C51单片机控制技术和红外探测技术，这是一种已经被设计出来的无线防盗报警技术，它包括硬件和软件两部分，硬件部分主要由红外传感器，发送和接收模块，单片机，声光报警等组成；软件部分包括主程序和音乐子程序。
用C语言或汇编语言编写源程序，再用keilC51平台进行调试的翻译后，下载到单片机AT89C51芯片，这种单片机和其他元器件根据设计电路焊接在PCB板上。
通电，闭合循环控制开关，当有人闯入红外发射区域时，触发声光报警，表明满足了设计要求。
关键词：红外传感器；发射；接收；单片机；报警
1 前言
随着时代的不断进步,人们对环境安全提出了一个更高的要求,特别是在生活安全方面,要时常地去注意那些不速之客。
现在许多小区已经安装了智能报警系统,从而提高了小区内的安全程度。
因为红外线是一种不可见光,具有很强的保密和安全性,而且采用无线发射和接收,不需要独立的线路,因此在安全装置的使用方面有很大的优势。
2 硬件系统的设计
无线防盗系统图是以单片机为基础，如图1所示。
该系统包括红外传感器、发射模块、接收模块、单片机、声光警告等。
红外传感器的主要装置是由热释电红外传感器RE200B、热释电红外开关BISS0001和一些外部基本设备连接而成。
图 1 基于单片机的无线防盗报警图
热释电效应和压电效应相类似，它是指晶面带电现象所造成的温度变化。
热释电传感器是对温度敏感的传感器。
它是由陶瓷氧化物或压电晶体两部分组成，当传感器的监测范围变化时，温度T变化，热释电效应将使两个电极带有电荷Q，即在电极之间产生微弱电压。
因为场效应管中有一个传感器在进行阻抗变换，所以它的输出阻抗非常高。
热释电效应产生的带电量Q将被空气的离子中和而消失，即当环境温度稳定不变时，那么传感器将起作用。
当人体进入检测区域时，因为人类体温和环境温度的差异，产生温差T，然后输出T；如果人体进入检测区域后一动不动，然后温度也没有变化，该传感器不具有输出功率。
因此这种传感器可以检测人体或动物的活动。
实验证明，传感器在不添加光学镜头（又称菲涅尔透镜）时，其检测距离小于2米，但加上光学透镜，其检测距离可能大于7米。
RE200B是双元热释电红外传感器,它使用了热释电材料极化随温度变化的特性。
红外辐射采用了双敏感的方法来抑制扰动产生的温度变化,它提高了传感器的工作的稳定性。
BISS001是一个有高性能的传感信号处理集成电路, 它主要配以热释电红外传感器和一些外部连接设备构成被动形式热释电红外开关,当有人进入感应范围、红外传感器输出高电平、当人离开感应范围后，自动延时并关闭高电平、输出的低水平。
发射模块主要是由代码模块PT2262和无线发射芯片FS1000A组成。
编码芯片PT2262对红外传感器的序号进行编码，通过按键PT2262发送的是红外传感器的编码信号,通过无线发射模块FS1000A把编码信号发射后,其编码信号用地址,数据编码,同步代码构成一个完整的标志。
FS1000A发射模块按照ASK来调制,当数据信号停
止发射，电流减少到零,降低功率损耗,数据信号和DF输入端的发射模块可以用电阻或直接连接,但不能使用电容耦合,否则DF发射模块将不能正常工作。
数据级应接近DF数据模块的实际工作电压,以得到较高的调制效果。
接收模块主要通过无线接收模块PC-RH5A和解码芯片PT2272构成。
把14管脚的解码芯片PT2272和接收模块的输出数据正确地连接起来，如果地址匹配将接收信号并通过该模块送入解码芯片PT2272。
解码芯片的地址要与传输电路PT2262的地址一致，以实现总量控制的目的。
单片机AT89C51芯片根据最小系统连接,只用芯片内部4 K ROM,把AT89C51单片机的31个管脚固定就能实现高性能。
为了加强单片机复位电路的抗干扰能力,可把开关和电解电容并联控制整个报警电路的置换。
外部时钟电路连接12MHZ的晶体振荡器。
采用单片机P0.0与绿色发光二极管相连,以提供电源。
对于声光报警电路,可用单片机的P0.5口与红色发光二极管相连,P3.5口与蜂鸣器的阴极相连,当红外传感器没有感应信号时,灯不亮,蜂鸣器不工作。
当红外传感器产生信号,而且警告工作标志开关闭合时,红色的灯管亮,蜂鸣器发出声音(声音通过单片机编程),从而达到声光报警。
3 系统软件的设计
系统软件包括主程序和音乐子程序。
首先进行初始化系统,根据硬件电路的连接,为单片机设置相应的高电平,满足当系统正常时不对进行警告,然后不断进行判断与循环程序看看警戒控制总开关是否关闭, 如果不关闭继续判断,如果关闭开关指示灯亮,同时再进行一次循环判断,看看是否确实有人介入保护区域,假如没有人侵入,回来继续判断,如果有人介入,就进行声光警告。
取音乐中的第一个符号,从第一个符号开始逐个进行判断。
第一次判断:是否是终止符号,当遇到终止符号时延迟1秒,再从音乐的第一个符号开始;如果没有遇到终止符号就进行第二次判断:是否接收余下的符号,如果接收就延迟0.1秒,继续取下一个符号; 如果不接收余下的符号，就记下这个符号并计算出固定时间长度,开启计时器T0,通过中断控制时间,从而发出音乐,同时警告灯闪烁;经过固定时间,关闭中断、音乐停止、警告灯熄灭。
主程序流程图如图2 所示：
图2 单片机的主程序流程图音乐子程序流程图如图3所示：
图3 音乐子程序流程图4 实验结果
根据程序流程图用C语言或汇编语言编译主程序和音乐子程序,用Keilc51环境进行调试,将调试好程序用单片机AT89C51进行固化。
根据要求把红外传感器,发射模块、接收模块、单片机、声光报警电路焊接在PCB板上,接通电源，绿色电源指示灯亮，表示电源工作正常; 当关闭警戒控制开关时，报警电路不工作,因此,当有些人介入红外发射区域时,亦不会有警告,当打开警戒控制开关时,微弱的指示灯将变亮,表明报警电路工作，当这个时候有人闯入红外发射区，将触发声光报警，即蜂鸣器发出音乐，红色发光二极管闪烁。
控制总开关的功能,使得红外防盗系统的使用更方便,当主人想要迎接客人,可独立关闭总开关,客人走进保卫区域时不报警; 当主人想防盗,就打开警戒控制总开关,当有不速之客进入保卫区域时,触发声光报警。
5 结论
利用单片机和无线通信技术,可实现无线报警,在无线传感器和单片机之间采用ASK调制和解调，通过发出灵敏的红外线进行检测，且安装隐蔽，整个系统不需要单独布线，适合建立在通信链路不便的城市家庭和偏远地区，因此，它应该有很好的应用前景。
6 参考文献
【1】丁丽颖. 热释放红外传感器的原理及应用. 仪表，分析，监测.
18卷:15-16. 2002.12
【2】曾兴雯，刘乃安，建陈. 高频电子线路.第二版北京：高等教育出版社，
2009.
【3】李建中. 单片机原理和应用.第二版.西安:西安电子科技大学出版社，2008. 【4】李坤，朱修鑫，赵连英. 基于微控通信模块Q2406B的外围电路和控制软件设计. 电子测量技术. 29卷:95-97. 2006.8
【5】郑姜武. 单片机控制红外防盗报警器. 电子实践. 153:26-28. 2006.12【6】樊昌信，曹丽娜. 通信原理.第六版. 北京：国防工业出版社，2006.
附件2：外文原文（复印件）。
安防英语中英文对照
安防英语中英文对照AAuto Iris Mount 自动光圈接口Auto white balance 自动白平衡AGC （Automatic Gain Control ）自动增益控制Aperture 孔径Ac 交流电AFC 自动频率控制ALC 自动亮度控制APC 自动相位控制A VC 自动音量控制AMPLICATION 放大BBaud Rate 波特率BNC（Bayonet Nut Connector）BNC接头，是一种用于同轴电缆的连接器Burglary Alarm Kit 防盗报警器Burglary Alarm Master Panel 防盗报警主机Backlight compensation 背光补偿Bullet-in lenses 直轴式镜头BYPASS 旁通/直通Bandwidth 带宽brightness 亮度C3C认证China Compulsory Certification，英文缩写CCC。
3C认证的全称为”强制性产品认证制度”，它是各国政府为保护消费者人身安全和国家安全、加强产品质量管理、依照法律法规实施的一种产品合格评定制度。
CE（CONFORMITE EUROPEENNE）“CE”标志是一种安全认证标志，被视为制造商打开并进入欧洲市场的护照。
CE代表欧洲统一（CONFORMITE EUROPEENNE）。
凡是贴有“CE”标志的产品就可在欧盟各成员国内销售，无须符合每个成员国的要求，从而实现了商品在欧盟成员国范围内的自由流通。
CH（channel）频道、通道、声道Covert CCD Camera 隐蔽式摄像机CCD Charge Coupled Device 电荷耦合器件Chroma compensator 色度补偿器Control Keyboard 智能控制键盘Client 客户端Cable 线缆Coxial cable 同轴电缆Com 接地或者公共端或串口CRT（Cathode Ray Tube）阴极射线管（显像管）CCD Camera 电荷耦合掐摄相机cradle head 云台Color 彩色Composite cable 复合电缆DWalkthrough 跟单Documentary Handler 跟单员DB（Decibel）分贝Decoder 解码器Dome Camera 半球摄相机DSP Digital Signal Processor 数字信号处理Defrost 除霜DIN（Deutsches Institut fur Normung）德国标准化学会Dc 直流DVR 硬盘录像机DISTRIBUTOR 分配器EEffective Pixels 有效像素Emergency Push Button 报警按钮Elevator exclusive intercom 电梯专用对讲系统Electronic shutter 电子快门Emergency alarm device 紧急报警装置Electronic Protection 电子防范技术FFilter 滤光片Focal length 焦距Focus 聚焦FUSE 保险丝Foiled twisted pairs 屏蔽双绞线Force arlming 强制布防Full duplex multipictrue processing 全双工多画面处理GGND 接地Gain 增益Ghost image 重影Grey scale 灰度等级HHigh definition 高清晰High Speed Dome 室内高速球Horizontal field of view 视角Healthcare and Nurse Call Series 医院护理对讲系统Hub 集线器IInterlace scanning 隔行扫描Integrated monitoring system 一体化摄像机IR（infrared ray）Series Camera 红外夜视摄像机Input resistance 输入阻抗Image sensor 图像传感器interphone 内部对讲机Illuminance 照度LLEDs 发光二极管Lens zoom 镜头聚焦Lens Iris 镜头变焦Line 线路Level 电平LUX 勒克斯（光度单位）MMin.illumination 最低照度Motorized zoom lenses电动变焦镜头Manual Iris 手动光圈Matrix 矩阵NNTSC(National Television System Committee)每秒30帧Ooptical 光学的OSD（On Screen Display）是指调节显示器的各种参数时把状态信息在屏幕上显示出来OUTPUT resistance 输出阻抗OPTICAL 光纤PPAL(Phase Alteration Line) 逐行倒相.每秒25帧，电视扫描线为625线，奇场在前，偶场在后，标准的数字化PAL电视标准分辨率为720*576, 24比特的色彩位深，画面的宽高比为4：3, PAL电视标准用于中国、欧洲等国家和地区，PAL制电视的供电频率为50Hz，场频为每秒50场，帧频为每秒25帧，扫描线为625行，图像信号带宽分别为 4.2MHz、5.5MHz、5.6MHz 等。
家庭防盗外文翻译文献编辑
家庭防盗外文翻译文献编辑文献标题：The efficacy of home security measures（家庭安全措施的有效性）国外作者：Timothy C. O’shea文献出处：《American Journal of Criminal Justice》, 2012, 24(2):155-167 字数统计：英文1287单词，7405字符；中文2849汉字外文文献：The efficacy of home security measuresINTRODUCTIONThe dominant view of crime prevention underwent profound change in the 1970s, led by researchers who proposed a dramatically different theoretical and empirical agenda. While current crime prevention theory is diverse and difficult to categorize, this paper concentrates on methods commonly referred to as "crime prevention through environmental design" (CPTED). CPTED rests on the idea that criminal opportunity results from the interplay between target, risk, effort, and payoff (Feins, Epstein, & Widom, 1997; Jeffrey, 1971; Kaplan, O'Kane, Lavrakas, & Pesce, 1978; Robinson, 1999). This perspective casts the situational aspects of the criminal incident as the appropriate unit of analysis instead of riveting attention upon the offender.The appeal of this paradigm lies mainly in its adoption of simplifying assumptions which neatly explain the decision calculus offenders use, thus permitting researchers to hold that troublesome variable constant (Weisburd, 1997). CPTED allows investigators to concentrate on elements of the criminal incident considered to be more predictable and stable. Studies which embrace this focus tend to look at the characteristics and patterns associated with the targets offenders chose. Proponents regard this approach as more promising and policy relevant than its predecessors.Criminal justice practitioners have put this evolving crime prevention research to good use. One particular area, the study of burglary,has been especially productive. CPTED proponents maintain that citizen deployment of home security measures is related to burglary victimization.Burglars are rational actors. When these offenders make the decision to strike, they calculate the costs against the benefits. Home security measures increase these costs and decrease the probability of victimization. Unfortunately, research examining the efficacy of these security measures has been insufficient.THE SAMPLEThe data for this study derive from two telephone surveys conducted by the University of South Alabama Polling Group. The first survey consisted of 332 respondents randomly drawn from a sampling frame of all telephone subscribers living in Mobile County Sheriff's Office jurisdiction. A filter question screened out anyone who had been a burglary victim within the preceding three years. The sampling frame for the second telephone survey, provided by the Mobile County Sheriff's Office, consisted of residents in the unincorporated area who had reported their homes burglarized from June 1997 through May 1998. Of 668 burglary victims, 234 agreed to participate in the survey. The nonvictim survey was conducted in November of 1997 and the victim survey took place during June of 1998.INDEPENDENT VARIABLESSurvey items inquired about the types of security measures respondents utilized. These practices should change the target and guardian aspects of the criminal incident. Both victims and nonvictims were asked the same questions. The only difference was that victims were asked to indicate which measures they employed immediately preceding their first reported burglary. The home security independent variables were grouped into four categories, each addressing a somewhat different dimension of the burglary incident. Table 1 presents the categories, the questions that comprise the category, and the mean comparisons.Security variables, of which there are seven, concern the physical obstacles citizens erect to frustrate a burglar's efforts to enter a target. Homes that are more difficult to enter are less likely to be victimized. Surveillanc e consists of seven variables that measure the degree to which an offender might expect to be observed when attacking a target. Offenders will be less likely to burglarize a residence if they believe a guardian will discover them while either trying to make entry, escape, or dispose of the proceeds.THE DEPENDENT VARIABLEThe dependent variable reflects the burglary victimization experience of the respondent. Two groups of rural Mobile County residents were studied. The first category consisted of individuals whose homes were burglarized within a one-year period. The second portion consisted of individuals whose homes were not burglarized within the preceding three years.The sampling frame raises several issues. First, the method used to draw the victim sample excludes nonreporting burglary victims. According to the National Crime Victimization Survey, about one-third of property crime victims report theincident to the police (Bureau of Justice Statistics, 1996). Systematic differences between reporting and nonreporting victims could have an adverse impact on the dependent variable. A second problem is the response rate for victims, at about 34%, raises a question about whether respondents differ systematically from nonrespondents. A third potential threat concerns the comparability of victims to nonvictims. If burglars choose victims in a way that limits the universe of victims in some systematic fashion, then drawing the nonvictim sample randomly from all phone subscribers could compromise measurement of the dependent variable.The demographic characteristics of victim and nonvictim respondents were compared to address these concerns. There were no significant differences between victims and nonvictims in terms of age of the head of household, gender of the head of household, predominant family nrace, ownership or rental status, and family income. Of course, there may be other characteristics that differentiate nonreporting victims, nonresponding reporting victims, and victims in general from their respective counterparts. However, the weight of the evidence from the available data mitigate against such concerns.RESULTSA logistic regression solution, as seen in Table 2, was employed to estimate the effects of the predictor variables since the dependent variable is dichotomous. Correlation coefficients were calculated for all combinations of the independent variables to test for evidence of multicollinearity. According to a standard of .8 or greater, none were found.Ten of the eleven significant predictors of burglary victimization reflect the efficacy of security measures. The odds of being burglarized are reduced substantially when neighborhoods are cohesive. The odds of being a burglary victim are lowered if respondents participate in a neighborhood watch group or have at least one neighbor within walking distance whom they visit regularly. One confrontation variable proves significant. The odds of being burglarized decline if a neighbor maintains an absent resident's property by cutting the grass or picking up mail. Two home security measures are significant predictors. Stopping mechanisms that prevent first-floor windows from being fully opened and solid core or steel exterior doors reduce the odds of burglary.When it comes to surveillance measures, the odds of being burglarized decrease if there is an unobstructed line of vision from a neighbor's house to the resident's front or rear door. When this line of vision is obstructed by plants or a fence, the odds of being burglarized increase by a factor of about two. Finally, an alarm system or marked property reduces the chances of a burglary.The model's goodness of fit was highly significant and the accompanying R 2 of .455 indicates it accounts for a substantial proportion of the variation in victimization. Of course, the inclusion of 25 predictors, significant or not, couldheighten the amount of variation explained. As a result, a second equation was modeled omitting the 14 insignificant variables from the first model. This model's goodness of fit remained highly significant and the corresponding R 2 dipped slightly to a .404 value. There were only small changes in the revised odds ratios and all 11 variables remained significant predictors of burglaryvictimization.ConclusionOne can draw inferences about offender behavior from their actions. Data from the present study show a clear pattern as to those actions. Targets are systematically avoided if they exhibit characteristics likely to result in the burglar's greatest fear, that of being caught. Targets which appear vulnerable because the burglar sees signs that the neighborhood is not cohesive, the burglar will not be confronted by the resident, the home is not sufficiently secure, or the burglar will not be seen by a neighbor are at significantly greater risk of victimization than those not exhibiting these characteristics. Manipulation of either target or guardian aspects of the environment affects victimization in accordance with expectations.中文译文：家庭安全措施的有效性引言预防犯罪占主导地位的观点在20世纪70年代经历了深刻的变化，这种变化由那些提出了一个明显不同的理论和实证的议程的研究人员领导。
安防行业术语中英文表
安防行业常用术语的中英文对照一般安全防范术语：001 security(安全)对生命、财产、环境、信息等的安全防护。
002 security system(安全系统)为了生命、财产、环境、信息等腰三角形的安全防护而协同工作的一系列体系。
003 alarm(报警)形成预先规定的生命、财产、环境、信息等的危险存在时，为了引起关注产生的信号或其它信号。
004 false alarm(误报警)由于非警戒本意的原因而引起的报警。
005 operation signal(状态信号)指示系统工程状态的信号。
006 tamper device(防拆功能)以探测对安全防范报警设备故意破坏的为目的功能。
007 Security equipment(安全防范设备) 以防止犯罪为目的设备。
008 burglar alarm system(安全防范报警设备)用于防止犯罪的手动或自动报警设备。
009 normal close(常闭状态)在警戒状态，系统报警输出部件接点是“闭合”的状态。
010 normal open(常开状态)在警戒状态，系统报警输出部件接点是“开路”的状态。
011 signal transfer output(报警输出)在报警发生时，从报警控制器向外围设备输出的接点信号或其它信号。
012 online alarm system(在线报警系统)借助通信线路实时传输报警信号等并由保安公司等的集中监视设备进行监视的系统。
013 sensitivity margin(灵敏度冗余)在探测器安装场所环境恶化时，为了探测器仍保持正常控测状态而预留的灵敏度余量。
014 intruder alarm system(入侵报警系统)进行入侵者探测，并能产生报警的系统。
015 guard line(警戒线)基本警戒线和细化后的警戒线的总称。
016 alarm response time(报警响应时间)从报警控制器接受到探测器的报警信号到形成报警状态的时间。
安防行业术语的中英文对照
AWB——Automatic White Balance，自动白平衡
ELC——Electronic Light Control，电子亮度控制
ATW-—Automatic Tracking White balance，自动跟踪白平衡
point guarding（点警戒）
face guarding(面警戒）
space guarding（立体警戒）
disalert condition（disarmed condition)（解除状态）
alert condition（armed condition)(警戒状态）
安全防范探测器术语
detector（探测器）
FPD：Fire Public Derice消防设施
FTTB：Fiber To The Building光纤到大楼
FTTC:Fiber To The Curb光纤到路边
FTTH：Fiber To The Home光纤到家庭
FW:fire Wall防火墙
PACR：Attonuation to Crosstalk Ratio衰减与串扰比.
sub monitor (sub control panel）（副报警控制器)报警控制器中起次要功能的装置。[功能]（1）指示（2）威慑器的控制(3)电源部分（4）系统控制（包括没有3、4装置）.
check box（回路指示器)
digital transmitter communicator(数字传输通信机）
摄象机术语的中英文对照
CCD——Charged Coupled Device，电荷耦合器件
AGC——Automatic Gain Control，自动增益控制
单片机居家安全报警系统外文文献翻译
单片机居家安全报警系统外文文献翻译(含:英文原文及中文译文)英文原文Design of Home Safety Alarm System Based on Single Chip MicrocomputerAbstractThis design is to study the field of home safety alarm based on single-chip microcomputer, and design a home safety alarm system that is based on STC89C52 single chip microcomputer and is cost-effective and easy to install. The alarm system adopts the communication mode of wireless communication and GSMcommunication and the modular design concept. It detects different types of risk factors in the home environment through different types of sensor units, and feedbacks the environmental parameters of different rooms to the main control unit. The control unit makes corresponding decisions and issues alarm instructions when necessary to ensure the safety of the home environment. The system is simple and convenient to operate and has a high degree of intelligence. It can detect home risk factors and prevent dangerous accidents.Keywords: home security alarm system; wireless communication; GSM1 Introduction1.1 Hidden dangers and detection in modern home lifeIn the modern home life, people cannot live without convenientliving materials such as running water, electricity, and natural gas. However, they bring convenience to us and also increase the unsafe factors in the home life, leaking water pipes, accidental fires, gas leaks, etc. An accident can bring irreparable damage to the family. With the increasing population of the city and the increasing mobility of the population, the crime rate of theft and house robbery has been high for many years. Traditional anti-theft doors and windows have a certain preventive effect, and there are also many security risks. A widevariety of decoration materials, furniture, and decorative items provide us with convenience and beautify the home while alsocontaminating formaldehyde. Therefore, the safety of the home environment has received increasing attention in recent years. How to create a comfortable, healthy and safe home environment has become a hot topic of common concern. In recent years, electronic technology has been changing with each passing day, and communication technology is flourishing. Among them, the development of chip technology and sensor technology is particularly prominent, which provides new options for the solution of home security issues. The use of a home safety alarm device with a microcontroller and a sensor as its core enables the detection of various risk factors in the home, such as gas concentration, formaldehyde content, leakage of water pipes, and theft of rooms, etc. The system can perform remote alarms in a timely manner and notify the user Solve it.1.2 Selected topics and meaningWith the rapid development of science and technology and economic level, people's requirements for the home environment have evolved from the initial satisfaction of simple housing development to the emphasis on the human needs of residential housing. As a result, many safe, comfortable, fast, and convenient smart communities have emerged. where safety is the primary goal. In addition to human factors, the establishment of security systems is an indispensable and important measure for the realization of smart residential security.At present, there are many types of home security products on the market, which can be roughly divided into several relatively independent categories such as anti-theft alarms, video surveillance, and access control systems. Some products have fewer functions, and products with more comprehensive functions have relatively higher prices. Installation is complicated. In other words, there is an urgent need for a product that requires a price to be popular, strong functions, simple installation, easy use, reliable work, and low false alarm rate. Therefore, starting from the actual application, this article systematically elaborates that the use of the system does not need to change the power lines in the home. It has low cost, does not affect aesthetics, wireless communication, and is easy to use. It is suitable for general household use. Home security is closely related to each of us. The use of home security alarm devicescan improve the quality of life of people and make life more secure and convenient. Because of the advantages of the system and the unmatched price/performance ratio of the 51 series microcontrollers, it will be used in future development. Has a broad market prospects and development potential.1.3 Research Status and Development Trends at Home and AbroadIn recent years, with the rapid development of electronicinformation technology, computer technology, communication technology and sensor technology, there are more and more products related to home security alarms. Domestic and foreign companies such as Siemens, Honeywell, Bosch, Shenzhen Yingmao and many other companies have developed a series of home security alarm products. They generally have wired or wireless communication functions to complete some alarm functions and have carried out Successful application. For example, Siemens' product portfolio includes general-purpose security andsecurity solutions and services, including access control systems, intrusion detection, video surveillance systems, on-site service control centers, and emergency management systems. Thanks to the installation of the Siemens fire and voice evacuation system, the Jinmao Tower and the Grand Hyatt Shanghai, the world's top hotel, provide safe and comfortable working and living environments for thousands of people. It can be foreseen that the smart residential community will become the development trend of the construction industry in the future, and the home security alarm system will become an integral part of theintelligent residential community. In particular, as people's living standards improve, people using home security alarm system equipmentwill More and more, people's lives will be more comfortable and safer.2 home security alarm system overall design2.1 Overall Design Scheme of Home Security Alarm SystemThe design of this system is a new home security alarm system that integrates single-chip microcomputer control technology, sensor detection technology, and communication technology. The system is based on the single-chip microcomputer and consists of various detection units placed in different rooms and main control units responsible for decision-making. Each detection unit is responsible for detecting various conditions of the indoor environment, such as temperature, humidity, formaldehyde content, leaking water, etc., and then sending the collected data to the main control unit through wireless communication, and the main control unit makes a decision and issues a corresponding The instruction controls the operation of the system, thus realizing the automatic detection and automatic alarm of the indoor environment and maintaining the safety of the indoor environment. The hardware of the system consists of eight parts: main control unit, fire detection unit, water leakage detection unit, anti-theft detection unit, gas leak detection unit, formaldehyde content detection unit, wireless communication module, and GSM network communication module. Ensure the normal operation of the system. The circuit of the system is mainlycomposed of a power supply module, a microcontroller module, a sensor module, a wireless module, a display module, and an alarm module.2.2 main control unitThe main control unit, as the control center of the system, is responsible for receiving the information of each detection unit through the wireless module, processing the information, finding the alarm information to issue a corresponding alarm, and promptly notifying the user for processing. The main control unit can complete tasks such as GSM network SMS alarm, sound and light alarm, LED screen display, and keyboard control. The GSM short message module is used to send and receive short messages so as to monitor home security. A variety of sensors are used to collect home information, and information fusion technology is used to obtain more reliable alarm information. After receiving the alarm information, the owner responded to the SMS to control and handle the situation on the site, so as to ensure home security and theft prevention. The system is simple in structure, easy to install and debug, and easy to use.DetectorThe detector is used to detect various environmental information in the room. The environmental information is sent to the main control unit so that the main control unit can process the information in time according to the information. The sensor is the core component of the detector. According to the detection situation,sensors of different types and different principles constitute different detectors. The detectors involved in the system mainly include the following types:(1) Fire detectorFire detectors are mainly installed in the kitchen. It uses a combination of smoke sensors and temperature and humidity sensors. Smoke sensors mainly include ion smoke sensors and photoelectric smoke sensors. The system uses ion smoke sensors. The ionized smoke sensor contains an internal radiation source 241. The current and voltage of the ionization chamber inside and outside the sensor are stable under normal conditions. When a fire occurs, the ionization chamber ionizes positive and negative ions under the action of an electric field. The two ions move toward the positive and negative poles, and the internal current and voltage change to generate an alarm signal. The temperature and humidity sensor can convert the temperature and humidity of the environment into analog signals. These analog signals are converted into digital signals thatcan be processed by the MCU under the action of their own processing chip. In the event of a fire, the temperature and humidity in the room will rise sharply within a short period of time. Comprehensive temperature and humidity conditions can prevent false alarms due to external interference from the smoke sensor.(2) Water leak detectorThe leak detector is mainly installed in the bathroom. Its working principle is mainly to use the conductive characteristics of water. Thetwo probes of the detector are installed slightly higher than the ground, and are respectively connected to an I/O pin and GND pin of the microcontroller. When water leakage occurs, the water level is higher than the height of the probe. The two probes of the detector are turned on, and the level of the I/O pin of the microcontroller is set low to generate an alarm signal.(3) Theft detectorThe anti-theft detector is installed above the window. The detection part is mainly composed of pyroelectric and infrared sensors. When a gangster enters through the window, pyroelectric and infrared laser sensors can generate alarm signalsat the same time. The combination of the two sensors can preventfalse alarms caused by small animals or accidents. An important component of a pyroelectric sensor is a piezoelectric ceramic dielectric that maintains its polarization after being poled, known as spontaneous polarization. Spontaneous polarization decreases with increasing temperature and drops to zero at the Curie point. Therefore, when this material is exposed to infrared radiation and the temperature rises, the surface charge will decrease, which corresponds to the release of a part of the charge and is therefore called pyroelectricity. The released charge can be converted to a voltage output via an amplifier, thereby generating an alarm signal. When radiation continues to act on the pyroelectric element to balance its surface charge, it no longerreleases charge. Therefore, pyroelectric sensors cannot detect constantinfrared radiation. The infrared detector employs a photoelectric switch. The photoelectric switch (photoelectric sensor) is an abbreviation ofthe photoelectric proximity switch. It uses the object to block orreflect the light beam and strobes the circuit by a synchronous circuit to detect the presence or absence of an object. The photoelectric switch converts the input current into an optical signal on the transmitter,and the receiver then detects the target object according to thereceived light intensity or presence or absence.(4) Gas leak detectorThe gas is mainly composed of hydrogen, methane, carbon monoxide,and ethylene, and the natural gas is mainly composed of methane, ethane, propane, and other components. It can be seen that in both gases, methane is an important component of them. By detecting the methane content, it can be determined whether gas or natural gas leaks occur. The methane sensor converts the information related to the methane concentration into analog signals. These analog signals can be converted into digital signals by the A/D chip and sent to the microcontroller. The microcontroller can obtain the indoor methane content according to the size of the digital data. Calculate the concentration of gas and natural gas so that detection and alarm can be achieved.(5) Formaldehyde detectorFormaldehyde is generally considered to be the number one killer of the indoorenvironment. Its release period is generally 3-15 years, and itsharm is very serious for the human body, especially infants, pregnant women, the elderly and chronic patients. Formaldehyde mainly exists onthe floor, decoration plates, furniture, carpets, paints, and glue. People can easily overlook its existence, but it can cause serious damage to people's health. The formaldehyde sensor uses the electrochemical formaldehyde gas sensor HCHO produced by Dart Sensor.This sensor is developed based on a breath alcohol sensor and issuitable for monitoring in most environments (-20?C~+50?C) (for special applications, it can be used at higher temperatures). This sensor is simple in design, with few components and its cost is reduced. It doesnot require power supply excitation. It only requires power duringsignal processing and display, so it is only a simple small battery cell.communication deviceThis system mainly adopts wireless communication methods, whichavoids complicated laying of lines and is both beautiful and convenient. The main control unit and each subunit communicate with the wireless module 24L01. The effective range is 60 meters, which fully meets the needs of home use. The communication between the main control unit andthe user adopts the GSM (mobile phone network) method. The alarm system can send the information in the home to the user as a short message. The user can also control the running of the home system by sending an SMS.Home Security Alarm System Functions and Working PrinciplesThe main control unit of the system can be placed in the living room, and the detection unit can be installed in different rooms of the house. For example, the fire detection unit is installed in the kitchen, the leak detection unit may be installed in the toilet, the anti-theft alarm detection unit is installed above the door and window, the gas leak detection unit is installed in the kitchen, and the formaldehyde content detection unit is placed in the living room or the bedroom. Thedetection unit placed in different locations sends information to the main control unit in real time through the wireless device. Once a fire, leaking water pipe, burglary, or gas leak occurs, the main control unit will immediately receive an alarm signal. Then the main control unit The unit will judge and process the alarm signal, get the alarm type, make an audible and visual alarm, and notify the user through the GSM network. The home security alarm system has six main functions: Mobile phone network intelligent alarm. When an unexpected situation in the home is detected, an alarm is sent through a text message. It canmonitor the concentration of gas or natural gas in the home, discovergas leaks, and promptly report an alarm. Anti-theft function, when athief enters, immediately makes an alarm, and promptly informs thepolice and the household head; Intelligent fire alarm, immediately when the fire occurs in the home, to alarm, to reduce the loss of property; Intelligent waterproof detection function, found a leak in the home, timely closure of the main valve, And notify the owner by SMS to avoidthe loss; The system can be controlled by the remote controller, whichis easy to use and easy to operate.3 Hardware Design of Home Security Alarm System3.1 Design of the main control unitThe main controller consists of power supply, GSM communication module, wireless communication module, display device, button, and remote controller. The structure is shown in the figure.Figure 3 main control unit system diagram Power section uses theAC220/DC5V power supply module, after the power supply voltage transformer voltage regulator, and finally get a stable 5V voltage to the microcontroller and other electrical equipment. The display device uses 12864 liquid crystal, 12864 is the abbreviation of dot matrix number of 128*64 dot matrix LCD module, 12864 LCD with Chinese font library can display 4 rows and 8 columns of 32 characters with 16 16 dot matrix, each The display RAM can display 1 Chinese character or 2 16×8 lattice full height ASCII code characters, that is, each display can display up to 32 Chinese characters or 64 ASCII characters. The display of indoor and outdoor temperature, humidity, light intensity, and system working status is realized through the liquid crystal, so that people can understand the working status of the system in real time. The basic circuit for displaying the liquid crystal is shown in Figure 4. Figure 4 LCD connection circuit diagram The GSM mobile network communication module is selected from theSiemens TC35 module, which is a dual-band 900/1800MHz highly integrated GSM module, it is easy to integrate, cost-effective, good product quality and performance The system guarantees that the system communicates with the user's mobile phone via SMS, which is convenient and quick. The GSM module can transmit voice and data signals andconnect the SIM card reader and antenna respectively through theinterface connector and antenna connector. The automatic baud rate is1.2kb/s~115kb/s. It supports Short Message Service (SMS) in Text and PDU formats, and can send text messages and make phone calls. The module expansion circuit is shown in Figure 5, and the features are described below. Information transmission content: Voice and data power: Single power supply 3.3V ~ 5.5V Frequency band: Dual-band GSM900MHz andDCS1800MHz (Phase 2+) Transmitting power: 2W(GSM900MHz Class 4) 1W (DCS1800MHz Class 1) 8SIM Card Connection: External Antenna: External antenna connected by antenna connectorTalk mode: 300mA (Typ.) Figure 5 TC35 peripheral expansion circuit diagram The wireless communication device uses the 24L01 wireless module, and the maximum operating speed is 2Mbps. It is highly efficient GFSK modulation and has strong anti-interference ability. Up to 126 available channels to meet the needs of multi-point communication and frequency hopping communication, built-in hardware CRC error detection and point-to-multipoint communication address control; Low power consumption 1. 9 - 3. 6V operation, 22uA in standby mode Under power-down mode is 900nA; Built-in 2. 4Ghz antenna, small and exquisite; The module can be set bysoftware address, can be directly used by various microcontrollers, software programming is very convenient. When connecting with P0 port of 51 series single-chip microcomputer, it needs to add 10K pull-upresistor and it is not necessary to connect with other ports. For other series of microcontrollers, if it is 5V, please refer to the output current of the IO of this series of microcontrollers. If it exceeds 10mA, series resistor divider is required. If it is 3. 3V, it can be directly connected to the IO line of the RF2401 module. For example, if AVRseries microcontrollers are 5V, they are generally connected in series with 2K resistors. The keypad is used to set the basic parameters of the main control unit. It can also set the parameters through the SAA3010T remote control. The remote control receiver uses HS0038.The connection circuit with the microcontroller is shown in Figure 6. Figure 6 Infrared remote control receiver circuit we use the receiver head, its drive circuit is simple, easy to control the microcontroller. Its operation method is the same as that of an ordinary TV remote controller, and the operation is simple and easy to use.3.2 Design of fire detection unitThe fire alarm unit is composed of a smoke sensor and a temperature and humidity sensor. The increase of the temperature and humidity sensor can enhance the reliability of the alarm and reduce the occurrence of false alarms. The composition of the fire alarm unit is shown in Figure 8. Fig. 8 System diagram of fire detection unit The smoke sensorconverts the collected smoke concentration into an analog signal. Afterthe A/D chip, the analog signal is converted into a digital signal and sent to the microcontroller. Temperature and humidity sensor The DH11can send temperature and humidity in digital form to the microcontroller, so the signal does not have to be processed. The MCU sends the received information to the master control unit through the wireless communication module 24L01. The type of smoke sensor used in the system is MQ-2. The gas sensitive material used by MQ-2 is tin dioxide (SnO2) with low conductivity in clean air, and its sensitivity to smoke is very high. 3.3 Design of leak detection unitThe unit's design mainly utilizes the conductive properties of water. There are two detection probes connected to the microcontroller, which are connected to the I/O pin and the GND pin of the microcontroller. When in use, put the two probes above the bathroom floor. When there is water leakage, the toilet will produce water. The two probes of the detector are connected to the stagnant water. The preset high-level I/O pins are set low. , Generate an alarm signal, the microcontroller then sends the alarm signal to the main control unit through the wireless communication module, thus completing the entire alarm process. The specific structure of the alarm unit is shown in Figure 11.3.4 Design of Gas Leak Detection UnitThe gas leak detection unit is mainly composed of a methane content displayliquid crystal, a methane sensor, a wireless communication module, and a buzzer alarm. The structure is shown in FIG. Figure 12 shows thegas leakage detection unit system. Among them, the liquid crystal display is a 5110 liquid crystal display. Its features are: Cost-effective, LCD1602 can display 32 characters, and Nokia5110 can display 15 Chinese characters, 30 characters, Nokia5110 bare screen only 8. 8 yuan, LCD1602 generally about 15 yuan, LCD12864 generally 50 to 70 yuan; interface is simple, only four I / O lines can drive, LCD1602 need 11 I / O lines, LCD12864 need 12 root. The speed is 20 times that of theLCD12864 and 40 times that of the LCD1602. The model selected for the methane sensor is GJ4. Its output is analog and needs to be sent to the microcontroller via A/D conversion. Its use is similar to the smoke sensor.3.5 Design of formaldehyde monitoring unitFormaldehyde detection unit is mainly composed of formaldehyde sensor, operational amplifier, wireless communication module and sound and light alarm. The formaldehyde sensor converts the formaldehyde concentration into electrical signals. The signal is processed by the operational amplifier and then input to the single-chip microcomputer. The single-chip microcomputer judges the signal and sends the formaldehyde content signal to the main control unit through the wireless communication module. The sensor contains a conventional two-electrode fuel cell sensor. The working electrode discharges electrons to the counter electrode through an external circuit and is consumed at the counting electrode end with the reduction of oxygen. The internal circuit is realized by the ion current in the electrolyte. Well-designedto facilitate the growth of electrolyte. The rise and fall of the electrolyte varies with the changes in ambient temperature and humidity, but the normal operation will not affect the calibration value. The specific circuit shown in Figure.3.6 Design of anti-theft alarm unitThe anti-theft alarm unit is a double detector consisting of a pyroelectric sensor and an infrared sensor. Compared with conventional pyroelectric or infrared single sensor systems, Shuangjian detectors have significantly reduced their false alarm rates.When the Shuangjian detector works, the two signals of thepyroelectric sensor and the infrared sensor are processed by the NAND gate and sent to the SCM. When only two sensors respond at the same time, the detector sends an alarm signal to the microcontroller, otherwise no alarm signal is generated. In addition, when designing, Fresnel lens is added to the pyroelectric sensor, and the principle diagram of false alarms that can reduce the external interference signal by changing the lens division method is shown in Fig.16. Fig. 16 System diagram of the anti-theft alarm unit When the double-detection detector works, the pyroelectric sensor and the infrared sensor signal are sent to thesingle-chip microcomputer after being processed by a NAND gate. Whenonly two sensors respond at the same time, the detector sends an alarm signal to the microcontroller, otherwise no alarm signal is generated.In addition, Fresnel lens is added to the pyroelectric sensor during design. By changing the lens segmentation mode, false alarms due toexternal interference signals can be reduced. 3.7 Design of Communication SectionThe communication part of this system is mainly composed of GSM mobile network communication module and 24L01 wireless communication module. The GSM module communicates with the user's mobile phone through the mobile phone network of the mobile phone, and the user can understand the security situation at home at any time. Each detection unit communicates with the main control unit through the wireless communication module and feeds back the detected information to the main control unit in time. System Communication Structure Diagram The GSM mobile network communication module uses the TC35 module. Its main features are wide coverage, low cost, reliable quality, and high security. It inherits the standard AT instruction set and RS232interface standard internally, which makes it easier for the microcontroller system to control it. It reduces the design of external circuits and simplifies the programming of the program. The hardware circuit is not complicated, but there are many modules used, which increases the complexity of programming and the difficulty of debugging. Therefore, it is necessary to debug each module individually after being debugged by the single chip microcomputer. Communication module application circuit diagram SIM CARD is a mobile communication network user identification module. SIM CARD contains the user's user information and is an indispensable tool for communication with mobile phones. There are 6 pins corresponding to each other on the SIM card andthe card holder. This is the interface between SIM CARD and TC35. The wireless communication part adopts 24L01 wireless communication module, which has built-in 2. 4Ghz antenna, small size, software address, software programming is very convenient, built-in special voltage regulator circuit, using a variety of power supply including DC/DC switching power supply are very good The communication effect, when connected to the P0 port of the 51 series single-chip microcomputer, requires a pull-up resistor of 10K, and it is not necessary to connectto other ports. The user can set the alarm phone number, alarm mode,work mode, etc. through the keypad. Through the liquid crystal display, you can clearly understand the operating conditions of the system andthe environmental parameters in your home, such as temperature, humidity, gas concentration, formaldehyde concentration, leaks, and communication conditions.中文译文基于单片机的居家安全报警系统的设计摘要本设计是对基于单片机的居家安全报警领域进行研究，设计出以STC89C52 单片机为核心的高性价比，易于安装的居家安全报警系统。
外文翻译---美国FBII 防盗报警联网系统
附件1：外文资料翻译译文美国FBII 防盗报警联网系统随着社会经济的不断发展，安防技术也不断更新和进步。
国际上比较发达的国家十分重视发展这个行业。
长期以来，人们习惯于用坚固的门，锁，窗栅来防范。
但是，科学技术的不断进步，犯罪分子的作案手段愈来愈狡猾，单一的家庭防盗设施已不能达到保护生命、财产安全的要求，对于这种形式，国际社会安全行业，开发研制出了综合化、智能化的联网报警中心系统，这种系统极大地增强社会性的安全防范能力，提高保安服务业实力和公安干警指挥处置重大盗窃、治安、消防、急救及各类突发事件的效能，最大限度地保护国家和生命财产的安全。
一、联网报警系统目前在国内的应用及发展情况：由于联网报警系统的很多优点，现阶段广泛被采用，沿海地区尤其走在各国的前列。
警察系统已经安装使用报警联网系统，从使用联网报警系统以后开始，已经入网的用户因撬窗、撬锁、撬门及其它犯罪率大幅度降低，有效的保证了生命财产的安全。
目前城市联网报警系统的中心主要设在警察局，用户主要是银行、商店、工厂、写字楼、娱乐场所等，还有以金融银行系统中总行为中心，其它分行及储蓄所为用户端。
随着社会的发展，生活水平的提高，各种商业大厦、住宅小区也正意识到安装报警系统的必要性，人民群众在这方面的需求也越来越迫切，所以中心的设置从开始的公安局、派出所，逐渐转移到商业大厦、住宅小区，商业大厦或住宅小区的管理人员直接行动，这样不但行动更快速，而且可以减轻由于用户量太大给警察局带来的巨大压力，从长远发展来看，以居民小区、工厂企业、商业大厦为局部联网中心，利用二级联网方式把警情再传送到城市联网中心的方案将广泛被采用。
二、美国FBII公司简介：美国FBII公司（FIRE BURGLARY INSTRUMENTS, INC.）是世界著名的防盗器材供应商。
于1971年成立，有二十多年的生产经验。
FBII是生产高品质防盗系统的专家，其产品一向以品质优良、操作简易、耐用可靠、价格合理，而为各国客户所称颂。
智能住宅安防报警和远程控制系统中英文对照外文翻译文献
中英文资料对照外文翻译基于单片机的智能住宅安防报警和远程控制系统摘要：为了对偷盗，抢劫和意外事故进行有效的监控和警告，统一使用单片机AT89C51的控制技术和红外探测技术，设计了一种无线防盗报警器，它包括硬件和软件两部分;硬件部分是由红外线感应器，发送和接收模块，单片机，声光报警等组成；软件部分是由主程序和音乐子程序组成。
采用C或汇编语言编写的源程序，在Keilc51平台上进行翻译和调试后，下载到单片机AT89C51芯片，并根据焊接在PCB板上的此单片机和其他主要设备设计一个电路。
对于电源，闭路循环控制开关，当有人入侵红外线发射区，产生声光报警，表示已经达到设计要求，这个项目展示了智能化住宅防盗报警，紧急报警，火灾报警器，有毒气体泄漏远程自动声音报警及远程控制系统，它是基于89C51单片机。
该系统可自动报警，自动致电警方热线电话号码。
它可用于语音报警，并显示发生报警的地址。
它可以设置和修改用户的密码。
它可以进行录制和语音提示。
它可用于电话远程控制电源。
该报警系统设计创新，具有多功能，成本低，可靠性高等诸多特点。
随着时代的不断进步，人们对自己的居住环境安全提出了更高的要求，不仅在生活，特别是在安全方面，一定要注意这些频繁发生的意外。
现在，许多区域已安装了智能报警系统，从而大大提高居住区的安全率，因为红外线是一种黑色的光，使用无线发射和接收，无需独立的布线，它具有很强的保密性和保密性，从而在安全，安保部分等安全领域的应用应该有很大的优势。
关键词：红外传感；发射；接收；单片机；警告一、简介随着计算机技术和控制技术及通信技术的发展，人民生活水平日益改善。
人民的生活条件已经发生了变化，例如产生了居住环境的安全和如何使他们生活得更加舒适等问题。
因此，智能化的住宅建筑的自动控制的出现顺应了时代的要求。
智能化小区必须有安全防范，防盗报警，火灾报警器，有毒气体泄漏自动报警和紧急呼叫等功能。
关键设备电源的远程控制是能够实现的。
智能型住宅安防报警系统外文文献及翻译
Automatic fire alarm system based on MCUZhang Kun,Hu Shunbin College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Agricultural UniversityofHebeiBaoding,071001,ChinaE-mailaddress:********************** om Li Jinfang Baoding Baoling Transformer Co. Ltd. Tianwei Group Baoding, 071056,ChinaE-mailaddress:****************Abstract:The paper introduced an automatic warehouse fire a1arm system based on MCU. The system was mainly made up of ATmega16, temperature sensors, smoke sensors, and EX-1 auto dialed alarm module. In the system, temperature signals were transformed to serial data, and smoke signals were transformed to voltage signals. All the data were processed by MCU. When the surveillance system checked fire in warehouse, alarm signal was turn on, meanwhile the messages were transmitted to managers through EX-1. Application of the system was convenient to deal with fire in-time, efficiently by warehouse manager.Keywords: fire alarm transducer;smoke sensor system;ATmega16;temperature transducer;smoke sensorI. INTRODUCTIONAutomatic fire alarm control system has experienced a process from the simple to the complex and intelligence system increasingly in China. The characteristic is automatic fire detection and alarm technology has a great progress along with computing and detection technology development. At present, automatic fire alarm control system was used in bulk storage plant, shopping malls, high-level office buildings, hotels and other places. They were used in a number of collections focused on one area of intelligent alarm control method with higher levels of bus-type alarm control system, and in some residential areas and commercial buildings were installed by a single automatic fire alarm detection device. These alarm detection devices fail to report sometimes, or misinformation. Its reliability is not high because of using single sensor. Therefore, it is needed to develop a simple structure, low cost, high reliability, fast responding, automatic fire detection system.II. GENERAL PROJECT OF THE SYSTEMThe hardware block diagram shown in Figure 1, hardware by temperature sensors,smoke sensors, signal processing module, MCU modules and automatic alarm module. Non electrical quantity that is through the sensing element sensors (smoke sensors and temperature sensors) will be on-site temperature, smoke and other non-electrical signal into an electrical signal, as well as signals for signal processing to convert analog quantity to digital quantity. Finally, the sampled data were processed and compared with the limits by MCU system. This system can produce local and remote auto-alarm signals.Figure 1. Automatic fire alarm system structureⅢ. THE HARDWARE COMPONENTSA. ATmega16The system used by the U.S. Atmel’s micro controller ATmega16 micro controller. ATmega16 is based on the AVR RISC architecture to enhance low-power 8-bit CMOS micro controller. Because of its advanced instruction set and a single clock cycle instruction execution time, ATmega16 data throughput of up to 1 MIPS / MHz. Thereby mitigate the system in the power and the contradiction between the processing rate. ATmega16 has the following characteristics: 16K bytes in-system programmable Flash (with the ability to read and write at the same time, that is, RWW), 512 bytes EEPROM, 1K bytes SRAM, 32 general-purpose I / O port lines, 32 general-purpose working registers, for the JTAG boundary scan interface, support the on-chip debugging andprogramming, 3 has a more flexible mode of timer / counter (T / C), chip internal / external interrupts, programmable serial USART, there are initial conditions detector universal serial interface, 8-channel 10-bit with optional differential input stage programmable gain (TQFP package) of the ADC, with on-chip oscillator of programmable watchdog timer, an SPI serial port, as well as six can be selected by software power-saving mode.The chip is based on Atmel high-density nonvolatile memory technology production on-chip ISP Flash allows the program memory through the ISP serial interface or a general-purpose programmer for programming; you can also run on the AVR core among the bootstrap to program. Boot program can use any interface to download the application to the Flash memory area (Application Flash Memory). Application of Flash storage area is updated when the boot Flash area (Boot Flash Memory) program continues to run, RWW operation achieved. ATmega16 to become a powerful micro controller by 8-bit RISC CPU and the system programmable flash in a single chip, for many embedded control applications provides a flexible and cost-effective solution. ATmega16 has a set of programming and system development tools, including: C language compiler, macro assembler, program debugger / software emulator, emulators and evaluation boards.B. Temperature SensorTemperature sensor manufactured by DALLAS Semiconductor DS18B20-type single intelligence temperature sensor, its performance features include:1)This sensor have single-bus-specific technology, either through the serial port cable also through other I / O port lines and computer interfaces,without going through other conversion circuits Direct output measured temperature value (9-bit binary number, with sign bit).2) Temperature range is -55 ℃ ~ +125 ℃, measurement resolution of 0. 0625 ℃.3) Containing 64 as amended through the laser-read-only memory ROM.4) Fit a variety of SCM or system machine.5) Users can set separate ways each temperature upper and lower limit.6) Includes parasitic power.DS18B20 and the main chip connection diagram shown in Figure 2: DS18B20 number one pin grounded, then on the 3rd pin high and the 2nd pin then a 5. 1K of the pull-up resistor, at the same time received a single output signal of the PD0 pin. Pull-up is to pull the uncertainty signal through a resistor embedded in the high places, resistanceat the same time current－limited . Program from the DQ pin in high impedance state to ensure that the beginning, so that you can pull on the pull-up resistor to the high DQ. At the same time the main chip also can be an external site alarm buzzer.Figure 2. ds18b20 and the main chip connection diagram.C. Smoke Monitoring ModuleSmoke sensors choose HIS-07 ion smoke detectors when the flow through the inside and outside the ionization chamber ionization electron flow is unbalanced, collector charges current until the ionization balance. In a smoke-free or non-combustion, the collector being subject to the impact ionization current statistical fluctuation, the potential to maintain a balance. Ionization current have impact when the smoke into the ionization chamber, easily into the ionization chamber smoke outside than inside the ionization chamber of the affected, ionization current decline in and collector to re-charge until the new equilibrium potential, this potential change can be used to trigger the alarm circuit. Technical parameters such as Table 1.TABLE I.HIS-07 ION SMOKE SENSOR THCHNICAL DATASmoke signals are processed on the chip of choice is the Motorola company’s MC14468, MC14468 for DIP 16-pin package, contain oscillator, timer, latch, alarm control logic circuit, high input impedance comparator etc. When not detected smoke, MC14468 internal oscillator that oscillation cycle 1.67s. Each 1.67s cycle the internal power supply is provided to the work of the entire chip. It’s all kept det ect any smoke in addition to LED flashes, battery voltage alarm and smoke alarm. The oscillator oscillation period becomes 40ms when the MC14448 Once detection smoke, this time piezoelectric buzzer driving circuit to start oscillation, start to be able to output to maintain the high 160 ms after the cessation of 80ms.Continued during the detection of smoke cessation of changes, at this time if not detected smoke beeper will not be issued a warning sound.In figure 3, the MC14468 1 pin joint PD1 pin of SCM when the ion chamber of the ion current as the scene of smoke detection and change, voltage change generation a weak side-spread seized 15, by the MC14468 internal logic processing circuit processing, the smoke is detected by 1 pin-out high micro controller for processing. 13-pin then slide rheostat is set to facilitate detection sensitivity when the led flashes and the buzzer sounded a piercing sound of an audio alarm when the department has a fire alarm signal-based.In figure 3, the MC14468 1 pin joint PD1 pin of SCM when the ion chamber of the ion current as the scene of smoke detection and change, voltage change generation a weak side-spread seized 15, by the MC14468 internal logic processing circuit processing, the smoke is detected by 1 pin-out high micro controller for processing. 13-pin then slide rheostat is set to facilitate detection sensitivity when the led flashes and the buzzer sounded a piercing sound of an audio alarm when the department has a fire alarm signal-based.Figure 3.Smoke detection circuitD. Auto-dial alarm moduleDial-up alarm module choices are the EX-1 dial-up module is a DTMF signal receiving, storing, and sending as integration communications circuits. Module built-in micro controller and dial-up management process can provide users with a variety of signal input and output ports, in security alarm, signal acquisition, automatic control, remote communication and information transmission areas such as flexible application. 5 groups can have cell phone or group of seven local telephone numbers are stored, power-down is not lost; Telephone line status detection, automatic fault signal output ;Telephone / external switching two kinds of dial-up state control; Trigger time, nine times loop dial preset numbers; To work independently, independent dial-up, do not rely on telephone and other external devices.EX-1 wiring diagram shown in figure 4, The PD4 pin to connect the main chip HTO , the module began to dial alarm when PD4 output high level signal, PD5 connection ON / OFF pin input is high level signal to open the dial-up settings, the inputdoes not work when this pin become low, ERR pin connected to PD6 pin of MCU, PD6 output 1 begun to test whether the telephone line failure, READY pin connect MCU PD7 pin detection and alarm is completed, the alarm is end when PD7 pin is high .Figure 4. EX-1 wiring diagramIV. SOFIW AREDESIGNFigure 5. The main program flow chartBecause in the early stages of fires and the smoldering phase will produce a large number of aerosol particles and smoke particles .In the stage of incipient fire substances in the combustion process produces a lot of heat, so should make the smoke sensor and temperature sensor used in conjunction, first with the smoke sensor detects whether there is smoke generation, then the temperature sensor detects the temperature, temperature sensor alarm value is set to 50 degrees. When the smoke is detected R0 is 1, not smoke R0 is 0. Then test the temperature when the temperature reaches the value of seasonal early warning R1 is 1, the value of seasonal temperature not to reach an early warning R1 to 0, at this time compared to the R0 and R1 is equal to the main chip when the dial-up alarm, if not equal is not to alarm re-tested. This smoke sensor and temperature sensor used in conjunction with greatly improved the reliability of detection to prevent the omission of false positives, program flow diagram shown in Figure 5.V. CONCLUSIONBy the cooperation of using of temperature and smoke sensors, through detecting the temperature and smoke on-site, the automatic alarm system could find any fire in warehouse and send the message to managers of warehouse in the early time by the form of short messages. So its application could greatly reduce fire losses and enhanced the safe reliability of warehouse more than the former single equipment of fire alarm, and prevent failing of reporting and misinformation. The system has a high reliability, low price and high sensitivity.REFERENCES[1] Shunning Miao,Guangming Xiong,Yongping Li etc.Automatic Fire Alarm System Design and Research, Equipment Manufacturing Technology, 2006(2), P909.[2] Liang Ge, Qi Cong. Intelligent Analysis of office building fire.[3] Ti Zhou. Building Fire System Design, Yunnan Construction,2008(6).[4] Honeywell (Honeywel1)'s construction equipment Monitoring System, Intelligent Building and City Information, 2008(4).[5] Derek Clements-Croome, Intelligent buildings: design, management and operation, Thomas Telford Publishing, 2004.[6] Zhang Huazhong, Commanding System of Fire Automatic Alarm and Fire Control Linkage based on Internet, Computer Engineering, 2001.[7] ANSI, Radiant Energy-Sensing Fire Detectors for Automatic Fire Alarm Signaling, US: ANSI/FMRC FM3260-2004.基于单片机的火灾自动报警系统张坤，胡顺滨机电工程学院河北农业大学，保定，071001，中国的电子邮件地址：************************李锦芳保定宝灵变压器有限公司保定天威集团，071056，中国的电子邮件地址：****************摘要：本文介绍了基于单片机的自动仓库火灾自动报警系统。
外文翻译原文--基于红外报警技术的防盗系统
Based on infrared alarm technology security systems1the introduction1.1the research significance of this topic research situation at home and abroad.With the development of society and science and technology unceasing development,people's living standards been improved greatly,and to the private property protection means in the unceasing enhancement,the intelligent facilities for anti-theft puts forward new requirements.This design is to meet the need of modern residential anti-theft designed family electronic alarm system.It in previous devices based on improved greatly, because use the single-chip processor signal,not only can used for single residential area,also can be used in a large-scale residential security systems.It's the job of the performance is good,do not appear to report and misstatement phenomenon,safe and reliable.In our country,the present market condition alarm basically has triggered alarm system pressure switch electron and alarm system and pressure shading triggered alarm system,etc.Various kinds of alarm,but this several common alarm there are some shortcomings.This system USES a human pyroelectric infrared sensor in the human body detector in the field, passive pyroelectric infrared detectors because of its low cost,easy fabrication,low cost,installation is more convenient,anti-theft performance is stable and high sensitivity,safe and reliable,has attracted broad family characteristics such as popular with the customers. And alarms installation concealment,not easily by rogue found.1.2infrared alarm technology introductionInfrared sensing technology can be divided into active sensing technology and passive sensing technology.Therefore infrared alarm is divided again active infrared alarm and passive infrared alarm.1.2.1active alarm technologyActive infrared alarm is by sending and receiving device two parts. Infrared transmitter drive infrared light emitting diode modulation issued a bunch of the infrared beam.In a certain distance from the transmitter, and placed in a infrared receiver alignment.It through the photo transistor receiving launch end issued ir radiation energy,and pass byphotoelectric convert to electrical signals.This signal after proper treatment again sent alarm controller circuit.Respectively in charge and inchoative place a infrared optical lenses,will be gathered into fine parallel beams,in order to make the infrared energy can concentrate ing the infrared light modulation has the following advantages:(1)reduce power consumption.(2)make infrared detector has strong resistance to?1.2.2passive quote with technologyPassive infrared detector does not need additional infrared radiation lamp-house,itself not to external launch any energy,but by directly from a moving target detection probe the infrared radiation,so just have passive said.Passive infrared detector is with pyroelectricity effect on detecting.1.2.2.1nature objects of the infrared radiationThe nature of any object,as long as the temperature above absolute zero (273℃),constantly outward issued infrared radiation,and travel at the speed of light energy.Object radiate outward infrared radiation of energy and the object of temperature and infrared radiant wavelength.Assuming objects launching infrared radiation of peak wavelength for a few,,its temperature for T,the radiation energy equals infrared radiation of peak wavelength gerben and object product temperature T.This product is a constant,namely:The higher the temperature of the objects,emit infrared radiation of the smaller peak wavelength,send out infrared radiation energy is bigger also.1.2.2.2pyroelectric effectPassive infrared detector also called pyroelectric infrared detector,its main working principle is pyroelectric effect.Pyroelectric effect means if make some strong dielectric material(such as qin batio3,qin wrong acid lead P(zT),etc.)of the surface temperature changes,then with the temperature rise or fall,material surface occurs polarization,namely onthe surface of the charge will be produced change,and material surface charge lost balance and eventually charge will change with voltage or current form output.In pyroelectric infrared detectors are two key components,one is pyroelectric infrared sensor P(TR),infrared signal changes can be theptr shift into electrical signal to the white light signal has a natural inhibition.Another is the Fresnel lens,?Fresnel thoroughly1.2.2.3pyroelectric infrared sensor basic structurePyroelectric infrared sensors from sensor detection yuan,interference filters and mosfet verifier three parts.According to the number of detecting yuan to points,pyroelectric infrared sensors have unit,double yuanhe four yuan to wait for a few kinds,for human detection of infrared sensor adopts double yuan or four yuan type structure.According to pyroelectric infrared sensor utility cent,have the following kinds:used for measuring temperature sensor,it's the job of the wavelength of(1-20) nano,Used for flame detection sensor,it's the job of the wavelength for 0.435+/-0.15nano,For human detection sensor,it's the job of the wavelength of7to15feet.Figure 1.2is a double detection yuan pyroelectric infrared sensor structure schematic drawing.The sensor will two opposite polarity,specialWhen using general in the tube and shell capped with filter of films and window,to choose receive different wavelengths.In the window jacket filter is designed to make don't need infrared sensors cannot enter. General pyroelectric infrared sensor in spectral range sensitivity is quite flat(and not being visible effect).Usually used siliceouspolyethylene material filter,it can not contact form detect objects to radiate the infrared energy changes,and converts it into electrical signal output.Sensor probe the Fresnel lens with front.The Fresnel lens is with transparent made of plastic with a special optical coefficient of lenses, it consists of a set of parallel prism type lens is composed of its each unit is only a little of the lens,?view AngleWhen someone from the lens body before walked out of the infrared ray unceasingly in the"blind"and"high sensitive areas]switch,it makes received signals to suddenly strong suddenly weak pulse form input, strengthened the energy changes amplitude,thereby improving the detection sensitivity.1.2.2.4pyroelectric infrared detector basic principlePyroelectric infrared sensor by receiving mobile human radiation that certain wavelengths of infrared radiation,can be transformed into and human body movement speed and distance,the direction of low-frequency signals about.When pyroelectric infrared sensor by ir radiation sources of radiation,its internal sensitive materials temperatures will rise, polarization intensity is abate,surface charge reduce,usually will release this part of the charge called pyroelectric charge.Because of pyroelectric charge how many can reflect material changes of temperature, so by pyroelectric charge by circuit transformed into the output voltage can also reflect material changes in temperature,thus detect ir radiation energy changes.The optical system of the infrared detector can be more than?from2hardware system design2.1infrared anti-theft alarm system hardware designBecause this design focuses on family guard against theft,real-time monitoring of a narrower range,so this design by simply using a passive infrared detector is enough.Therefore,infrared intelligent anti-theft alarm system,and the specific design requirements for:1completes to high sensitive infrared sensor design,make its can warning of what happened real-time and accurate detection.2automatic alarm(automatic dial-up alarm audible and visual alarm). We design the system must have the following function module:3passive infrared detector,4sound-light alarm,5telephone automatic dial-up function;6continued uninterrupted power supply,According to the system to complete functions,we adopt single chip microcomputer as the core of the system unit,electronic detection, intelligent control and telephone tong2.2telephone automatic dial-up alarm circuit designIn order to simplify the whole system design process,we do not adopt MT880 chip dialing.Realization process is as follows:First in telephone storage inside put on domestic host cell phone number or alarm call110.From MCU pins p2.0and p2.1drawn two wiring connect relays,a pick telephone keyboard MianDiJian,another connect telephone keyboard keys,automatic weighing dial because the phone keypad scanning is similar microcontroller keypad scanning,so can make SCM give first p2.0 a signal,lets telephone h-f,then give the p2.1a signal,let relay connected,automatic weighing dial the key a potential,let telephone automatic dial-up,so they could finish the system alarm function.2.3system working principleThe whole system hardware part mainly includes six parts:MCU module; Infrared detector,Acousto-optic alarm circuit;Telephone automatic dial-up alarm circuit;Power supply circuit,Working state instructions circuit.Its system working principle for:the sensors will be detected signals to lead signal processor processing,microcontroller judgment to P1.0mouth have pulse falling edge jumping signal immediately transferred to the acousto-optic alarm program,at this moment,the red light buzzer alarm rapid flashes,lasted30s.In the30s inside if someone press the switch,then eliminate alarm remove alarm.If this time no one remove alarm, the proof nobody at home in30s system will automatically triggers telephone finish the whole system of police work ter, microcontroller will continue to cycle back?sentenced3.4system total diagramIn proteus simulation system,the system circuit by crystals circuit, sound-light alarm circuit composed.Among them,we use connect the dedication of the P1.0simulated infrared sensors,requirement when switch when pressed by the high jump,level is low,the equivalent of,sensor detects the state of man,the telephone line with P2.0and P2.1derivation, here without simulation telephone circuit diagram.Figure 3.53software system design3.1control module design programMicrocomputer in the initial plus electric,voltage is not steady state, causing instability,at this time the SCM in commonly after power up to system with a piece of delay.Time-lapse after detecting P1mouth microcontroller state,detection level signal whether mutations,if is then calls the police processing procedure,including automatic dial-up audible and visual alarm procedures,if no changes,ChuXiang leveldetection continues to P1mouth state.Figure 4.1main program flowchart3.2system development adopted by the programming and commissioning of the platformThis system language using assembly language preparation,so choose wave6000,he has the microcontroller program edit,compile and debugging, etc.,and generate hexadecimal.Files,through:machine TOPWIN burning software writeable microcontroller program memory.The simulation software use Proteus,he is from Britain Labcenter electronics company EDA software.The circuit of the simulation is interactive,aiming at the microprocessor application,still can directly based on schematic diagram of the virtual prototype programming,and implementing software source code level of real-time debugging,if have display and output,still can see after the operation of input and output effect.4system debugging and test4.1software debuggingAdopt modularization program design thought,first debugging subroutines, then gradually superposition debugging,through Proteus simulation software debugging,proof program can realize its function.4.2system debuggingThrough the circuit of welding,each module function commissioning.I put the hardware that occur errors adjusted,in addition,infrared that piece, because is employing redirected of pyroelectric switch modified,so in must be taping photoconductive resistance to rise,has arrived in the days and nights can alarm function.The total system commissioning,through,error meets the requirement.5closingThis system USES a pyroelectric infrared sensor,its make simple low cost and installation are more convenient and anti-theft performance is stable and strong anti-jamming capability,high sensitivity,safe and reliable. In addition,the system also has the very big function expansion,for example,in the warehouse,community or monitoring range is wider place, can add a few road infrared detector,using interface communication technology and computer connection,be helpful for the unified administration.Doing single family anti-theft system,we can also add LCD module,display alarming time,add more keyboard locks,let family or friends know the password of cases remove alarm,in case the misstatement occur).。
基于gsm短信模块的家庭防盗报警系统资料
基于GSM短信模块的家庭防盗报警系统摘要本系统主要由单片机和GSM短信模块组成，借助最可靠、最成熟的GSM移动网络，以最直观的中文短消息或电话形式，直接把报警地点的情况反映到您的手机屏幕上。
它采用主动式红外传感器进行检测，变有形的传统防盗网防盗窗为无形，给火灾时的逃生提供方便。
并配备烟雾传感器和燃气泄漏传感器，实现防火、防燃气泄漏的作用。
【关键词】单片机GSM模块传感器The Family guard against theft and alarm systemBased on GSM ModemAuthor: Han yanjie Director: Zhu yanAbstractThe System is made up of MCU and GSM Modem. It will display the alarm content in Chinese directly at your mobile screen, and it recurs to the most reliable GSM mobile network. The system adopted initiative infrared sensor to detect, and it turned the traditional alarm net and alarm windows to immateriality. Besides, t he system equipped the smog sensor and leakiness sensor of gas and guarded against fire and gas leakiness. 【keywords】MCU GSM modem sensor目录第0章引言……………………………………………………………………………第1章单片机概述……………………………………………………………………1.1AT89S52的主要性能………………………………………………………1.2AT89S52的功能特性描述…………………………………………………1.3AT89S52的管脚排列………………………………………………………第2章GSM模块………………………………………………………………………2.1 HRH GSM MODEM 介绍…………………………………………………2.1.1 GSM MODEM 的主要性能……………………………………………2.2 HRH GSM Modem 的硬件接口…………………………………………2.3 HRH GSM Modem 的软件协议…………………………………………2.3.1 设置短信中心号………………………………………………………2.3.2 利用GSM Modem向普通手机发短信………………………………第3章键盘显示………………………………………………………………………3.1 HD7279键盘显示芯片……………………………………………………3.2 HD7279的典型应用电路…………………………………………………第4章铁电存储器……………………………………………………………………4.1 铁电存储器的特点…………………………………………………………4.2 二线制协议…………………………………………………………………第5章实时时钟………………………………………………………………………5.1 DS12887功能与特点介绍…………………………………………………5.2 时间、日历和定闹单元……………………………………………………5.3 DS12887 引脚定义…………………………………………………………第6章后备电源………………………………………………………………………第7章遥控器…………………………………………………………………………第8章传感器…………………………………………………………………………8.1 红外传感器…………………………………………………………………8.2 烟雾传感器…………………………………………………………………8.3 气体泄漏传感器……………………………………………………………第9章家庭防盗报警系统的软件设计………………………………………………9.1 主程序流程图…………………………………………………………………9.2 外部中断0中断服务子程序流程图……………………………………………结论………………………………………………………………………………………参考文献…………………………………………………………………………………附录………………………………………………………………………………………引言目前传统的机械式（防盗网、防盗窗）安防系统在实际使用中暴露了很多隐患，例如：为其它没有安防盗窗的相近楼层形成被盗隐患、发生火灾时不易逃生等。