2017年人大社会与人口学院(人类学)考博真题、博士录取名单
2015中国人民大学社会学专业(社会与人口学院学院)考研专业目录招生人数参考书目历年真题复试分数线
10.蝴蝶效应 11.集体表象 12.代表型公共领域 二、简答（8选4，每题15分，共60分） 1.与古典进化论相比，新进化论“新”在何处？ 2.迪尔凯姆和马克思·韦伯关于社会学研究对象的观点有何分歧与联系？ 3.简述布西亚有关“拟像三序列”的论述。 4.简述“腾冲——瑷珲线”与人口分布的基本特点。 5.简述人口再生产的基本类型。 6.比较社会工作咨询和社会工作督导的区别。 7.影响人类寿命的因素有哪些？ 8.什么是萨皮尔——沃尔夫假设。 三、论述（6选2，每题25分，共50分） 1.试论老年人对社区服务的需求及当前我国社区服务面临的主要问题与解决途 径。 2.结合中国当下的民族关系，论述你如何理解费孝通等人提出的“中华民族多元 一体”的观点？ 3.试述人口数量、人口质量鱼社会发展之间的关系。 4.试论社会工作应如何应对社会生活网络化的挑战。 5.联系网络微博的快速发展，论述在场交往与缺场交往之间的区别与联系。 6.联系中国社会分化的实际问题，论述价值认同在稳定社会秩序中的重要意义。
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(三) 简答题答题方法 【考研名师答题方法点拨】 简答题难度中等偏下，主要是考察考生对于参考书的重要知识点 的记忆和背诵程度。往往是“点对点”的考察。一般不需要跨章节组 织答案。因此，只要大家讲究记忆方法，善于记忆，记忆 5-7 遍，就 可以保证这道题目基本满分。 简答题采用“定义+框架+总结”答题法。 首先把题干中涉及到的最重要的名词(也叫大概念)进行阐述， 就像解答名词解释一样。这一环节不能省略，否则无意中丢失很多的 分数，这是很多考生容易忽视的一点。 读懂题意，列要点进行回答。回答要点一般 3-5 点，每条 150-200 字。 进行简单的总结，总结多为简单评析或引申。 【答题示范】： 例如“简答公共财政的职能。” 第一，公共财政的定义。(不能缺少) 第二，公共财政的 3 大职能。(主体部分) 第三，总结评析。 【简答题答题注意事项】： 第一，在回答简答题的时候，要ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้取“总-分-总”答题结构。即 在回答要点
上海大学2017年拟录取推荐免试攻读硕士学位研究生名单公示17
上海大学2017年拟录取推荐免试攻读硕士学位研究生名单公示17杨玲茱学术型030301社会学社会学院89.3徐小欢学术型030301社会学社会学院91.1徐鹤学术型030301社会学社会学院86.3温馨学术型030301社会学社会学院85.7姜雨童学术型030301社会学社会学院82.3王菁玥学术型030301社会学社会学院83.6朱青学术型030302人口学社会学院80王莹学术型030303人类学社会学院85伍华娟学术型030304民俗学社会学院90张晶专业学位035200社会工作社会学院80赵斌宇专业学位035200社会工作社会学院86韩牧云专业学位035200社会工作社会学院90廖香园专业学位035200社会工作社会学院90顾佳佳专业学位035200社会工作社会学院88邓捷专业学位035200社会工作社会学院88王紫嫣专业学位035200社会工作社会学院85柳倩纨学术型120401行政管理社会学院87浦俊学术型080100力学力学所90严佳学术型080100力学力学所95朱芳艳学术型080100力学力学所96陈天义学术型080903微电子学与固体电子学微电子研究与开发中心92沈文心学术型080903微电子学与固体电子学微电子研究与开发中心88何雨晴学术型130200音乐与舞蹈学音乐学院97朱江宁学术型130200音乐与舞蹈学音乐学院96周媛学术型130200音乐与舞蹈学音乐学院95高晨歌学术型130200音乐与舞蹈学音乐学院92王一景学术型130200音乐与舞蹈学音乐学院91常奕舸学术型020100理论经济学经济学院93.1张笑妍学术型020100理论经济学经济学院90.8姚林肖学术型020100理论经济学经济学院89.4高扬学术型020100理论经济学经济学院85赵越学术型027000统计学经济学院89.4冯照晴学术型027000统计学经济学院88.5谷雨箐学术型027000统计学经济学院81.5朱周帆学术型027000统计学经济学院86.5张梦妮学术型027000统计学经济学院80岳云鹤学术型020200应用经济学经济学院95陶于钰学术型020200应用经济学经济学院93孙亦宁学术型020200应用经济学经济学院92周蕾学术型020200应用经济学经济学院91赵玉杰学术型020200应用经济学经济学院89.5熊亚萍学术型020200应用经济学经济学院88王婷亭学术型020200应用经济学经济学院85.5俞珍妮学术型020200应用经济学经济学院84项超学术型020200应用经济学经济学院82胡雪琼学术型020200应用经济学经济学院81.5陈彦舟学术型020200应用经济学经济学院80.5王焱学术型020200应用经济学经济学院80.5原云轲学术型020200应用经济学经济学院87吴明军学术型020200应用经济学经济学院86.4朱双婷学术型020200应用经济学经济学院86薛嘉铭学术型020200应用经济学经济学院86吴珂学术型020200应用经济学经济学院86文章来源：文彦考研旗下上海大学考研网。
2017年社科院博士生入学考试英语试题
2017年社科院博⼠⽣⼊学考试英语试题中国社会科学院研究⽣院2017年攻读博⼠学位研究⽣⼊学考试试卷英语（B卷）2017年3⽉11⽇8:30–11:30答题说明1.请考⽣按照答题卡的要求填写相关内容。
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PART I:Cloze(20points)Directions:Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank.During the mid–1980s,my family and I spent a__(1)__year in the historic town of St.Andrews,/doc/b8f2884ce3bd960590c69ec3d5bbfd0a7956d5d1.html paring life there with life in America,we were impressed by a__(2)__ disconnection between national wealth and well-being.To mostAmericans,Scottish life would have seemed__(3)__.Incomes were about half that in the U.S.Among families in the Kingdom of Fife surrounding St.Andrews,44percent did not own a car,and we never met a family that owned two.Central heating in this place__(4)__south of Iceland was,at that time,still a luxury.In hundreds of conversations during our year there and during three half summer stays since,we ___(5)___noticethat,___(6)___their simpler living,the Scots appeared___(7)___joyful than Americans.We heard complaints about Margaret Thatcher,but never about being underpaid or unable to afford wants.Within any country,such as our own,are rich people happier?In poor countries,being relatively well off doesmake__(8)__somewhat better well off.But in affluent countries,where nearly everyone can afford life’s necessities,increasing affluence matters__(9)__little.In the U.S.,Canada,and Europe,the correlation between income and happiness is,as University of Michigan researcher noted in a1980s16–nation study,“virtually__(10)__”.Happiness is lower __(11)__the very poor.But once comfortable,more money provides diminishing returns.Even very rich people are only slightly happier than average.With net worth all___(12)___$100million,providing___(13)___money to buy things they don’t need and hardly care about,4 in5of the49people responding to survey agreed that“Money can increase or decrease happiness, depending on how it is used”.And some were indeed unhappy.One fabulously__(14)__man said he could never remember being happy.One woman reported thatmoney__(15)__misery caused by her children’s’problems.At the other end of life’s circumstances are most victims of disabling tragedies.Yet,remarkably, most eventually recover a near-normal level of day-to-day happiness.Thus,university students who must cope with disabilities are__(16)__able-bodied students to report themselves happy,and their friends agree with their self-perceptions.We have__(17)__the American dream of achieved wealth and well-being by comparing rich and unrich countries,and rich and unrich people.That leaves the final question:Over time,does happiness rise with affluence?Typically not.Lottery winners appear to gain but a temporary jolt of joy from their winnings. On a small scale,a jump in our income can boost our morale,for a while.But in the long run, neither an ice cream cone nor a new car nor becoming rich and famous produces the same feelings of delight that it initially___(18)___.Happiness is not the result of being rich,buta__(19)__ consequence of having recently become richer.Wealth,it therefore seems,is like health:Although its utter absence can breed misery,having it does not guarantee happiness.Happiness is__(20)__a matter of getting what we want than of wanting what we have.1. a.underpaid b.prosperous c.affluent d.sabbatical2. a.assumed b.seeming c.seemed d.seemly3. a.precarious b.imprudent c.spartan d.gallant4. a.not far b.as far as c.far from d.far to5. a.virtually b.remarkably c.ideally d.repeatedly6. a.forasmuch b.despite c.considering d.inasmuch7. a.no less b.less c.more d.no more8. a.for b.up c.out d.over9. a.scarely b.intentionally c.surprisingly d.provisionally10.a.diminishing b.negligible c.tripled d.perceivable11.a.in b.on c.upon d.among12.a.exceeded b.exceeding c.excess d.excessive13.a.utter b.messy c.greedy d.ample14.a.prosperous b.triumphant c.jubilant d.victorious15.a.could undo b.could intensifyc.could not undod.could not intensify16.a.as plausible as b.not as plausible asc.as likely asd.not as likely as17.a.ventilated b.deliberated c.speculated d.scrutinized18.a.does b.did c.has done d.is19.a.new b.favorite c.temporary d.normal20.a.more b.less c.better d.worsePART II:Reading Comprehension(30points)Directions:Choose the best answers based on the information in the passages below. Passage1In the1960s and’70s of the last unlamented century,there was a New York television producer named David Susskind.He was commercially successful;he was also,surprisingly,a man of strong political views which he knew how to present so tactfully that networks were often unaware of just what he was getting away with on their—our—air.Politically,he liked to get strong-minded guests to sit with him at a round table in a ratty building at the corner of Broadway and42nd Street.Sooner or later,just about everyone of interest appeared on his program.Needless to say,he also had time for Vivien Leigh to discuss her recent divorce from Laurence Olivier,which summoned forth the mysterious cry from the former Scarlett O’Hara,“I am deeply sorry for any woman who was not married to Larry Olivier.”Since this took in several billion ladies(not to mention those gentlemen who might have offered to fill,as it were,the breach),Leigh caused a proper stir,as did the ballerina Alicia Markova,who gently assured us that“a Markova comes only once every hundred years or so.”I suspect it was the dim lighting on the set that invited such naked truths.David watched his pennies.I don’t recall how,or when,we began our“States of the Union”programs.But we did them year after year.I would follow whoever happened to be president,and I’d correct his“real”State of the Union with one of my own,improvising from questions that David would prepare.I was a political pundit because in a1960race for the House of Representatives(upstate New York), I got more votes than the head of the ticket,JFK;in1962,I turned down the Democratic nomination for U.S.Senate on the sensible ground that it was not winnable;I also had a pretty good memory in those days,now a-jangle with warning bells as I try to recall the national debt or,more poignantly,where I last saw my glasses.I’ve just come across my“State of the Union”as of1972.In1972,I begin:“According to the polls,our second principal concern today is the breakdown of law and order.”(What,I wonder,was the first?Let’s hope it was the pointless,seven-year—at that point—war in Southeast Asia.)I noted that to those die-hard conservatives,“law and order”is usually a code phrase meaning“get the blacks.”While,to what anorexic,vacant-eyed blonde women on TV now describe as the“liberal elite,”we were pushing the careful—that is,slow—elimination of poverty.But then,I say very mildly,we have only one political party in the United States,the Property Party,with two right wings,Republican and Democrat.Since I tended to speak to conservative audiences in such civilized places as Medford,Oregon;Parkersburg,West Virginia;and Longview,Washington,thereare,predictably,a few gasps at this rejection of so much received opinion.There are also quite a few nods from interested citizens who find it difficult at election time to tell the parties apart.Was it in pristine Medford that I actually saw the nodding Ralph Nader whom I was,to his horror,to run for president that year in Esquire?Inspired by the nods,I start to geld the lily,as the late Sam Goldwyn used to say.The Republicans are often more doctrinaire than the Democrats,who are willing to make small—very small—adjustments where the poor and black are concerned while giving aid and comfort to the anti-imperialists.Comprehension Questions:21.We may understand Alicia Markova to be______________.a.A current popular figure in the United Statesb.A much sought-after interview subjectc.A popular,rather than intellectual,interview subjectd.A Russian defector to the United States22.In the passage,the author reminds the reader that the broadcast bands are______________.e.invariably used for the public good b.private,rather than public,propertyc.public,rather than private,propertyd.fair and balanced23.The author now finds it difficult to______________.a.run for Senateb.differentiate between a Republican and a Democratc.remember details or informationd.identify code-words in the media24.The author observes that anti-crime initiatives by America’s political right often either result inor are based upon______________.a.the desire to eliminate povertyb.protection of propertyc.the State of the Uniond.profiling.25.The author was invited to participate in Suskind’s television programs because______________.a.of his varied political experiencef.he turned down the Democratic nomination for U.S.Senateg.his knowledge of Larry Olivierh.his status as an anti-imperialistPassage2Chicag’s segregation of minorities is as old as the city itself.The African-American neighborhoods of today’s South and West sides are located in exactly the same parts of the city as the African-American neighborhoods of1910.And from1930to today,these African America neighborhoods have been represented in Congress and in the state house by African-American politicians,who have done very little(other than pass Federal benefit programs)to lift African-Americans out of poverty.Inthe2000Census,for example,of the ten poorest census tracts in the entire United States,nine were located in the South and West Side African-American areas ruled by African-American congressmen Bobby Rush and Jesse Jackson Jr.The concept of Western Imperial Colonialism is very popular in the literature of racial exploitation.The continent of Africa was divided up into“colonies”by the major European Imperial powers in a very short period of time:just sevenyears,from1885to1892.Previously,Britain had seized vast territories belonging to other cultures for hundreds of years.Butin20th century America a new type of colony was invented:American urban colonies in the large metropolitan areas from the Midwest and Northeast to Los Angeles.These were made possible by the Great Migration of African-Americans from the South to the North,which began during WWI.As they moved north,African-Americans were immediately confined to ghettoes defined by racial boundaries.No one doubts that this segregation was done intentionally.But it’s important to realize that this segregation was not created by the racist attitudes of the residents of Chicago(Chicago never had slaves)but by the ruling political elite.As soon as the African-American population of Chicago began to expand,the Great Depression hit and put many persons out of work.FDR’s response to this was to create the New Deal programs of welfare,food assistance,and subsidized housing.While this greatly helped unemployed persons of all races,for African-Americans it began the ghettoization of their people into what can only be called urban colonies in the large cities of the north.The pattern seen in the 20largest cities of the United States from1920to2010is remarkably consistent.In192019of the twenty largest cities were all located in the North.All of these nineteen cities were from92.5%to 99%white.The one exception was Baltimore,MD and that was85%white.It had a slightly larger black population only because it was a port of entry for the slave trade.Similarly,all of these cities saw great increases in their black populations starting in1920.By1990these cities were from26to76%black.These cities did not lose whites because African-Americans moved in.Rather,it is more accurate to say that Americans are a highly migratory group,and the big cities were ports of entry for European immigrants.So as whitesleft,politicians wanted to maintain their population numbers. By the2010Census the cities with the highest black populations were Detroit,MI,which was83% black,and Newark,NJ which was52%.(Sources:Census paper No.76and Census2010Quick facts).And since in all the major industrial cities of the North,the destinations of job-seeking African-American migrants were controlled by Democrats,it is overwhelmingly clear that these great pockets of urban poverty were created and maintained by that one political party.Tragically all of these cities have very high rates of segregation,poor education for African-Americans;high unemployment,single motherhood,and crime.In Chicago,“negro wards”as they were then called, were quickly drawn up:their boundaries reflected(and promoted)the racial segregation of the time. Their political representatives were African-American,and they were expected to deliver votes tothe Democratic Party.Most Americans don’t know that Chicago is the center for black politics. Furthermore,since Lincoln freed the slaves,African-Americans in Chicago voted for Republicans, until a Democratic Mayor,Anton Cermak,tookover;fired all the thousands of African-Americans who Republicans had given city government jobs,and took over the black vote.Since that time Chicago's African-Americans have been represented exclusively by black politicians,and always lived in poverty.What made the black submachine of Chicago possible was that Chicago already had in place a Democratic Machine.Exploitation is promulgated by urban Democrats as a way to manipulate residents and keep themselves in power.What makes the American Urban Colonialism plan so revolutionary and ingenious is that it does not rely on agreements with foreign governments; the market price of iron ore,or cotton for profits;but on Federal benefit programs.Theseprogram dollars are infinitely more reliable and politically stable.Comprehension Questions:26.According to the essay,American cities lost white residents due to______________.a.white voter’s minority rule in the Republican partyb.the influx of European immigrantsc.the migratory nature of Americansd.ghettoization by African-Americans27.The essays convincingly demonstrates that_______________.a.power is more important than peopleb.white Americans are essentially racistc.the Civil War was fought for nothingd.slave trade determined the fate of ethnic minorities in American cities28.The Democratic Machine in Chicago provides incentives in the form of_______________.a.segregation of minoritiesb.high unemployment,single motherhood,and crimec.federal benefit programsd.negro wards29.Obama moved to Chicago because________________.a.the black submachine already had in place a Democratic Machineb.Chicago is the center for black politicsc.the Great Migration of directed African-Americans from the South to the Northd.Chicago is the most segregated city in America30.According to the author,American urban colonialism is the result of_______________.a.the ghettoization of African-American people in American citiesb.the segregation of minoritiesc.the political clientelism of the black submachined.western imperial colonialism in AfricaPassage3It is a well-known hypothesis that newborns can immediately identify the smell of their mother’s amniotic fluid;other than this one potential exception,taste in fragrance can be thought of as nurtured in totality by experience and influence.There is,of course,an argument that nature intervenes to temper a subject’s agency by inducing unfavorable reactions to harmful and poisonous materials that causes a negative olfactory association,for example,the smell of rotten food becoming linked to the experience of food poisoning.However,in most cases the process of deciding bad from good smells is controlled by societal(parental)censorship and its converse—public appreciation.This logic is akin to the French philosopher Louis Althusser’s theory of interpellation in relation to subjectivity and identity-making.For Althusser,human subjectivity (arguably comparable to consciousness itself)is a type of ideology.In Althusser’s view it is impossible to avoid the ideology of subjectivity and for this reason subjects are‘always already interpellated’,even before they are born.Althusser’s philosophy essentially argues that one cannot see oneself outside of ideology and one’s identity is formed by mirroring oneself in the ideology already present.In relation to(olfactory)taste-making,this is significant as taste can be thought of as a subset of subjectivity and therefore choosing a fragrance is an interpellating activity that paradoxically both affirms and displaces asubject’s sense of free agency.The hail comes from marketing and emotive retail experiences;the ideology that of personal enhancement;the moment of interpellation taking place at the point of sale.There are,in my opinion,pertinent links to be made between interpellation and the psychoanalyst Jacques Lacan’s work on the mirror stage in infants.This is described by Lacan as the moment when a child sees themselves for the first time in a(conceptual)mirror,recognizes themselves as the image in the mirror,and dissociates the belief in a fragmented body with a visual wholeness threatened by literal and metaphorical fragmentation(of their own body/of the replication of their body in the mirror),resulting in a tension between the physical body and the imaged body.It is also the moment when the child is able to apperceive—the concept of seeing oneself outside of oneself as an object.In an attempt to alleviate this tension, Lacan argues that the child then fully identifies itself with the image,and as a result the Ego is formed through visual means,resulting in a temporary cognitive jubilation in the baby’s apparent mastery over its own image.As Althusser,Lacan sees the ideology of subjectivity as a prerequisite of a developed consciousness.Once this has happened,further understanding of self-presentation and self-fashioning can begin that govern one’s own identity-formation for the rest of life.Although babies are aware of the fragrance stimuli around them at a young age,including the peculiarities of smells produced by them,I would argue that the moment of what I term mature olfactory apperception happens much later than other forms of practical self-awareness and tends to occur around puberty when issues of olfactory urgency arise around bodily changes.I am arguing that the recognition of one’s own scent in a conceptual olfactory mirror at that moment in life gives rise to a strong sense of olfactory hierarchy and cements involuntary links between ideology and perfume.It is no coincidence then that so many fragrance-lovers comment that their interest developed around their teens.To explicate the term further,it can be reasoned that recognition of the difference between personal and external smells in babies in relation to subjectivity is fairly limited,just as is the understanding of the imaged self before the mirror stage.However,given that Lacan argues that the Ego is initially formed through cognitive contradictions in image,the sense of sight is given immediate priority over the other senses,as the baby comprehends the significance of its own bodily image through its presence in social situations.However,the significance of its own smellsis not a subject treated with as much codified authority and therefore little olfactory context is given to the subject.As one approaches puberty and begins to apperceive the idea of a personal whole scent as opposed to a fragmented olfactory reality scent is suddenly put into an important,codified, and relevant context—a context of‘them,me,dirty,clean,sexual’.This is the moment of mature olfactory apperception.Comprehension Questions:31.With the possible exception of an infant’s ability to identify the smell of the amniotic fluid,tastein fragrance is_________________.a.naturalb.artificialc.objectived.subjective32.Mature olfactory apperception is achieved at the moment of_________________.a.pubertyb.fully developed consciousness of one’s own scentc.full comprehension of the significance of one’s own bodily imaged.a visual wholeness threatened by literal and metaphorical fragmentation33.Personal style and choice of a fragrance can be seen as__________________.a.codified authorityb.a conceptual olfactory mirrorc.a subset of subjectivityd.a fragmented olfactory reality34.Apperception can be defined as the induction of the self as__________________.a.an objectb.a subjectc.an imaged.an ego35.According to the author,a teenager’s choice of perfume__________________.a.depends on him/herselfb.is conditioned by ideologyc.is decided by a codified authority.d.is decided by commercePassage4A Cyborg Manifesto is an essay written by Donna Haraway,in which the concept of the cyborg is a rejection of rigid boundaries,notably those separating“human”from“animal”and “human”from“machine”.She writes:“The cyborg does not dream of community on the model of the organic family,this time without the oedipal project.The cyborg would not recognize the Garden of Eden;it is not made of mud and cannot dream of returning to dust.”The Manifesto criticizes traditional notions of feminism,particularly feminist focuses on identity politics,and encouraging instead coalition through affinity.She uses the metaphor of a cyborg to urge feminists to move beyond the limitations of traditional gender,feminism,and politics.Marisa Olson summarized Haraway’s thoughts as a belief that there is no distinction between natural life and artificial man-made machines.Haraway begins the Manifesto by explaining three boundary breakdowns since the20th Century that have allowed for her hybrid,cyborg myth:the breakdown of boundaries between human and animal,animal-human and machine,and physical and non-physical.Evolution has blurred the lines between human and animal;20th Century machines have made ambiguous the lines between natural and artificial;and microelectronics and the politicalinvisibility of cyborgs have confused the lines of physicality.Haraway highlights the problematic use and justification of Western traditions like patriarchy,colonialism,essentialism,and naturalism (among others).These traditions in turn allow for the problematic formations of taxonomies and what Haraway explains as antagonistic dualisms that order Western discourse.These dualisms, Haraway states,have all been systematic to the logics and practices of domination of women, people of color,nature,workers,animals...all those constituted as others.However,high-tech culture provides a challenge to these antagonistic dualisms.Haraway’s cyborg theory rejects the notions of essentialism,proposing instead achimeric,monstrous world of fusions between animal and machine.Cyborg theory relies on writing as“the technology of cyborgs”,as“cyborg politics is the struggle for language and the struggle against perfect communication,against the one code that translates all meaning perfectly,the central dogma of phallogocentrism”.Instead,Haraway’s cyborg calls for a non-essentialized,material-semiotic metaphor capable of uniting diffuse political coalitions along the lines of affinity rather than identity.Following Lacanian feminists such as Luce Irigaray,Haraway’s work addresses the chasm between feminist discourses and the dominant language of Western patriarchy.As Haraway explains,“grammar is politics by other means,”and effective politics require speaking in the language of domination.As she details in a chart of the paradigmatic shifts from modern to postmodern epistemology within the Manifesto,the unified human subject of identity has shifted to the hybridized posthuman of technoscience,from “representation”to“simulation,”“bourgeois novel”to“science fiction,”“reproduction”to “replication,”and“white capitalist patriarchy”to“informatics of domination.”While Haraway’s “ironic dream of a common language”is inspired by Irigaray’s argument for a discourse other than patriarchy,she rejects Irigaray’s essentializing construction of woman-as-not-male to argue for a linguistic community of situated,partial knowledges in which no one is innocent.Although Haraway's metaphor of the cyborg has been labelled as a post-gender statement,Haraway has clarified her stance on post-genderism in recent interviews.She acknowledges that her argument in the Manifesto seeks to challenge the necessity for categorization of gender,but does not correlate this argument to post-genderism.She clarifies this distinction because post-genderism is often associated with the discourse of the utopian concept of being beyond masculinity and femininity. Haraway notes that gender constructs are still prevalent and meaningful,but are troublesome and should therefore be eliminated as categories for identity.Comprehension Questions:36.According to the text,a cybernetic organism or cyborg must be understood as________________.a.a gender-neutral constructb.a robotc.a posthuman speculative beingd.neither organic nor inorganic37.Haraway poses that gender constructs should be eliminated as categories for identity because________________.a.the paradigmatic shifts from modern to postmodern epistemologyb.post-genderism is often associated with the discourse of the utopian conceptc.they pose an antagonistic dualismd.they pose a non-essential,material-semiotic metaphor38.According to Haraway manicheisms are in competition with one another,creating paradoxicalrelations of domination,particularly________________.a.God/manb.right/wrongc.self/otherd.one/other39.The cyborg is a________________.a.metaphorb.mechanical productc.animistic concept/doc/b8f2884ce3bd960590c69ec3d5bbfd0a7956d5d1.html anic hybrid40.A sonographic fetus would in many ways be the ultimate cyborg because_______________.a.it is“created”in a space of virtualityb.it is neither male nor femalec.it is simultaneously human and animald.it is politically invisible请将以下题⽬的答案填写在答题纸上。
人大社会与人口学院人口、资源与环境经济学专业考博资料复习指导考试真题复习经验-育明考博
专业
参考书
作者
出版社
人口、资源
《环境经济学》
伯克
与环境经济 《环境经济与政策：理论及应用》马中 Nhomakorabea学
《环境与资源经济学概论》
马中
三、人大社会与人口学院考博历年复试分数线整理
中国人民大学出版社 中国环境科学出版社
高等教育出版社
年份
普招进入复试人数 普招录取人数 （不含硕博连读） （不含硕博连读）
复试分数线
用基础理论知识来解决现实热点问题的能力，这一点在初试和复试中都有体现。近几年的
忆积累，另外阅读量、阅读速度等也都需要加强；另一方面还需要针对学校的考博英语命
题特点展开复习备考，提升复习的效率。历年考博英语真题应当作为第一手的复习资料，
通过研究真题可以得到学校出题的题型、分值、难度、考察重点、题目来源等有价值的信
中国考博辅导第一品牌
息，结合以上分析得出的结论进行复习才会事半功倍有的放矢。学校在出题时经常会参照
研究生英语教学的课程内容以及外院导师所著的英语辅导资料。此外也会借鉴其他重点院
校的一些考博英语试题。欢迎广大考生加入育明考博针对人大考博英语开设的辅导课程，
进行重点针对性复习备考，快速提高英语应试能力并在人大考博英语中取得理想成绩。
人大公共管理学院考博专业课复习备考：
关于人大社会学院考博专业课方面的复习备考，“信息”最重要。专业课信息应当包
中国考博辅导第一品牌
育明考博，中国考博辅导第一品牌。由北京大学、中国人民大学、中央财经大学教
授于 2009 年创办，并有诸多高校博士加盟。专业致力于考博课程辅导，辅导学员人数及
辅导成绩连续 3 年稳居第一。针对人民大学开设的考博辅导课程包括：人大考博英语辅
人大考研-社会与人口学院研究生导师简介-刘谦
爱考机构-人大考研-社会与人口学院研究生导师简介-刘谦教师党政教辅人员当前位置:首页|教职员工刘谦教师?刘谦刘谦姓名：刘谦性别：女单位：中国人民大学社会与人口学院社会医学教研室联系方式：Liuqian19940717@教育背景：2008博士学位，中国人民大学，人类学专业2007硕士学位，英国布莱顿大学，国际健康促进专业2000硕士学位，首都经济贸易大学，经济学专业1994学士学位，首都师范大学，哲学专业工作经历:2008年9月至今，中国人民大学社会与人口学院社会医学教研室讲师主要研究方向和授课：医学人类学、婚姻家庭与亲属制度、定性研究方法、教育人类学2001年11月至2006年2月中英性病艾滋病防治合作项目项目官员2000年至2001年宣亚智杰（PROFUTURE）公共关系咨询公司高级客户主管1994年至2000年首都经济贸易大学团委副书记主要科研成果：刘谦,”试析商业性行为的先天困境”,《东北师大学报》(哲学社会科学版),2009年第4期刘谦，“健康促进评估的模式转变和两个原则”，《中国医科大学学报》，2008年第6期刘谦，“以话语分析解读“板板茶”的组织方式”，《西南民族大学学报(人文社科版)》，2007第11期刘谦，“吉登斯晚期现代性理论述评”，《厦门大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》，2006年第3期刘谦，“以高危行为人群为干预对象的艾滋病防治项目督导评估工作的难点及其应对”，《中国艾滋病性病》，2006年6月LiuQ.,SearchingtheFactorsofSuccess:TMFFinalEvaluationReportofChina,NetherlandsRedCross,2 008LiuQ.,SilenceStoneorTimeBomb:SexualHealthNeedsAssessmentReportinChineseCommunityofLa mbeth,London,PrimaryCareTrust(PCT)ofLambethinLondon,2007LiuQ.,HIVinChina&UK,aNewsletterforProfessionalinBrighton&Hove,U.K.,2007Name:LiuQianGender:FemaleContact:Liuqian19940717@EducationBackground:2008PhDinAnthropologyinRenminUniversityofChina2007MasterofInternationalHealthPromotionintheUniversityofBrighton,2000MasterofEconomicsinCapitalUniversityofBusinessandEconomics1994BachelorDegreeinPhilosophyinCapitalNormalUniversityProfessionalexperience:2008todateLectureintheSchoolofSociologyandDemologyinRenminUniversityofChina HeracademicfieldsfocusonMedicalAnthropology,Marriage,FamilyandKinship,QualitativeResearch Methods,etc.2001to2006ProjectOfficer,DFIDHIV/AIDSPreventionandCareProject,China2000to2001SeniorAccountExecutive,PROFUTUREPublicRelationship(P.R.)ConsultantCompany, China1994to2000ViceChairmanoftheChineseYouthLeagueCommittee,CapitalUniversityofEconomicsan dBusiness(CUEB),ChinaSelectedPublicationsLiu,Q.(2009),TheInnatePredicamentofCommercialSex,inJournalofNortheastNormalUniverstiy,Iss ue:4Liu,Q.(2008)ParadigmshiftandThreePrinciplesinHealthPromotionEvaluation,inJournalofChinese MedicalUniversity,Issues:6Duan,Y.andLiu,Q.(Eds)(2008)BehaviorChangeCommunicationTrainingManual.Kunming:Yunnan SciencePress.LiuQ.,(2008)SearchingtheFactorsofSuccess:TMFFinalEvaluationReportofChina,NetherlandsRedC rossLiu,Q.(2007)aDiscourseAnalysisfortheOrganizationofBANBANCHA,aSexIndustryinSouthwestC hina”,inAcademicJournalofSouthwestUniversityforNationalities,Issues:11Liu,Q.(2007),TwoQualitativeMethodsinOneScene:aCasefrom“BANBANCHA”Research.InZhuang,K.S.(Ed.)UnderstandingAnthropology,Beijing:RenminUniversityPressCollecti onLiu,Q.(2007)“SilentStoneorTimeBomb:aPrimarySexualHealthNeedsAssesmentinChinesecommunityinSouthe stLondon”,aninternalreportforhealthpromotionteaminPrimaryCareTrustinSoutheastLondon Liu,Q.(2007),HIVinChina,InPASHION:ANewsletterforProfessionalsinBrighton&Hove,Issue7:10 Liu,Q.(2007),contributor,TheContinuumofCare:ScalingUpCare,Treatment,SupportandPreventionS ervicesinAsiaandthePacific:AToolkitforImplementersBangkok:FamilyHealthInternational(FHI).Liu,Q.etal,(2006)TheFeaturesofHealthPromotionEvaluationinHighRiskGroup,ChineseJournalofAI DS&STD6,12(6):568-569。
2016人大社会学考博报录数据分数统计分析考博复习指南真题详解
2016人大社会学考博报录数据分数统计分析考博复习指南真题详解一、人大社会与人口学院考博历年报录数据统计年份人大内地招生总数（计划数/实际数）学院招生人数招生方式名额分布公开招考报名人数报录比2012年900人/873人35人普通招考30人硕博连读5人135人4:12013年850人/891人35人普通招考30人硕博连读5人127人4:12014年900人/893人36人普通招考30人硕博连读6人141人4:12015年900人/895人37人普通招考31人硕博连读6人约160人5:1二、2014年人大社会与人口学院考博分数统计分析1、2014年社会与人口学院考博各科目最高分：初试最高分264.5分;综合复试最高分145分;外语复试最高分;50分加权最高分90.58分。
2、2014年社会与人口学院考博录取考生各科目平均分：初试平均221.2分;综合复试平均132.1分;外语复试平均42.3分;加权平均分80.47分。
3、2014年社会与人口学院考博录取考生各科目最低分：初试最低分200分;综合复试最低分110分;外语复试最低分32分;加权最低分72.08分三、人大社会学考博资料——社会学概论复习指南（9）第9章社会组织第一节社会组织概述一、社会组织在现代社会中的地位社会组织是次级群体的一种类型。
随着现代社会的发展，社会组织日益取代初级群体，并成为社会中占有主导地位的群体形式。
现代社会中90%以上的人都在社会组织中从事工作。
社会组织作为人们设计出的一种工具，大大提高了人类社会经济活动的效率。
社会的高度组织化是社会合理化的一种表现。
在这种合理化的过程中，具体的个人倒是显得不太重要了。
二、社会组织的涵义与构成要素对于社会组织一般有两种理解。
广义上的社会组织泛指一切人类共同活动的群体。
狭义的社会组织，是相对于初级群体的次级群体形式，指的是人们为了达到某种共同目标，将其行为彼此协调与联台起来所形成的社会团体。
人大考研-社会与人口学院研究生导师简介-黄盈盈
爱考机构-人大考研-社会与人口学院研究生导师简介-黄盈盈教师党政教辅人员当前位置:首页|教职员工黄盈盈教师?黄盈盈黄盈盈黄盈盈简历性别：女出生年月：1977学位：中国人民大学社会学系博士；研究方向：性与性别社会学，身体研究，HIV/AIDS的社会因素，社会学定性研究方法职位：中国人民大学社会与人口学院讲师，中国人民大学性社会学研究所副所长，《中国“性”研究》主编；联系方式：中国人民大学社会与人口学院，科研楼A座104室，100872。
86-10-62514498；email:yyingsu@；教育、访学与培训2007.3-6香港中文大学公共卫生学院访问学者2006-2007西澳大学亚洲研究中心博士后研究2006．5越南河内“性资源中心”访问学者2005-2006国务院发展研究中心社会发展部访学－课题研究2005.7－8“性、文化、社会”高级暑期研讨班，阿姆斯特丹大学2002－2005中国人民大学社会学系博士；性与性别人类学专业；导师：潘绥铭教授。
2003－2004美国北卡来罗纳大学医学院社会医学系访问学者；社会医学方向；2004.9－10“亚洲性学、生殖健康资源中心”访问学者（Tarshi），印度2003.7华盛顿大学STD/HIV暑期培训班，美国西雅图1999-2002中国人民大学社会学系硕士；性社会学方向；导师：潘绥铭教授1995-1999中国人民大学社会学系学士著作发表国际专业期刊1.SurplusMen,SexWork,andtheSpreadofHIVinChina,AIDS,March24,2005;19(6):539-47.(co-autho r)2.HIV/AIDSRiskamongBrothel-basedFemaleSexWorkersinChina:Assessingtheterms,contentandk nowledgeofsexwork.SexTransmDis.2004Nov;31(11):695-700.（US），2004worldAIDSconferencepaper,Bangkok,2004.7,.(Firstauthor；co-authors:GAILE.HENDERSON,SUIMINGPAN,ANDMYRONS.COHEN)3.Perspectivematters:Movingtowardsaffirmativethinkingon‘xing’incontemporaryChina”,inARROWsforChangeV ol13No2(Themeon “AffirmingSexuality”),.my/images/publications/AFC/AFC_V ol13No2.pdf.4.NewBRIDGEReport:KeySexualityResourcesinChinese(inEnglishandChinese),inSiyandaUpdate: SexualityandPoverty,IssueNo.63,March2008,e-copyavailableon/non-e nglish.htm#chinese国内核心期刊5.《中国社会调查中的研究伦理：方法论层次的反思》，《中国社会科学》，2009年3月6.《主体构建：性社会学研究视角的革命以及在中国本土的发展空间》，《社会学研究》，2007年5月，总第127刊（第二作者）7.《中国艾滋病“问题”解析》，《中国社会科学》，2006年第1期（第二作者）8.《东北地区劳动力市场中的女性性工作者》，《社会学研究》2003.5.20（第一作者），《中国社会科学文摘》转载。
2015年中国人民大学社会学考研历年真题试题(1999-2014)(含社会理论、社会研究方法真题)
历年真题经典试题(1999-2014)（含社会理论、社会研究方法真题）目录2014年中国人民大学社会学考研真题 (2)2013年中国人民大学社会学考研真题 (5)2012年中国人民大学社会学考研真题 (7)2011年中国人民大学社会学考研真题 (9)2010年中国人民大学社会学考研真题 (11)2009年中国人民大学社会学考研真题 (12)2008年中国人民大学社会学考研真题 (14)2007年中国人民大学社会学考研真题 (15)2006年中国人民大学社会学考研真题 (17)2005年中国人民大学社会学考研真题 (19)2004年中国人民大学社会学考研真题 (21)2003年中国人民大学社会学考研真题 (23)2002年中国人民大学社会学考研真题 (25)2001年中国人民大学社会学考研真题 (27)2000年中国人民大学社会学考研真题 (30)1999年中国人民大学社会学考研真题 (33)2014年中国人民大学社会学考研真题2014年中国人民大学社会理论考研真题2014年中国人民大学社会研究方法考研真题2013年中国人民大学社会学考研真题中国人民大学2013年硕士生入学考试试题考试科目1：社会研究方法考试时间：1月6日上午一、名词解释（10选7，每题6分，共42分，多做本大题记为0分）1.系统抽样2.结构式问卷3.现实主义民族志4.深描5.文化啥比较法（not sure）6.自由度7.科学环8.量表9.定距尺度（not sure）10.二、简答题（5选3，每题16分，共48分。
多做记0，下同不叙）1.说明社会研究中选择测量指标的多样性2.简述统计显著性和实际显著性的区别3.什么是分析单位，简述其特点和类型4.应该是一道回归分析的题，根据给出的数据报告写出相关内容（not sure）5三、论述题（6选2，每题30分，共60分）1.说明社会研究中的测量层次及其特点，以及如何选用2.定量研究和定性研究的特点，地位和作用3.设计一份问卷，包含多个指标，操作化“幸福感”（not sure）考试科目2：社会理论考试时间：1月6日下午一、名词解释（12选8，每题5分，共40分）1.人口城镇化2.底部老龄化3.更替水平4.社会资本的密集性5.实践感6.符号消费7.民族中心主义8.二、简答（8选4，每题15分，共60分）1.说明队列分析和时期分析结合的必要性2.说明人力资本和社会资本的区别与联系3.简述解释生育率的财富流理论4.贝克是怎样论述社会风险产生的原因的？5.说明老年学研究对象；长期照料保险和养老保险的区别（not sure）6.为什么说常人方法学引发了社会学的革命？7.网络化发展与社会脱域的关系8.三、论述（6选2，每题25分，共50分）1.有人说“中国污染严重的原因是人口增长过快。
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考博生和导师见面到底该谈些什么:
考博生和导师见面到底该谈些什么，这是要考博的人特别关心的事。 一、加深导师和学生的了解和彼此的感情，让导师对将要录取的学生有个具 体的认识，从而保证在分数达线的情况下，导师不会拒绝你!在这个目的前提之 下，尽量的展现自己，让导师对你本科的专业背景和硕士的课题有所了解，充分 的把自己的学科优势展现出来，让导师对你有所兴趣，对你个人的能力表示认可。 二、和导师的见面也是你最后判断是否报考这个导师最关键最直接的一环， 导师在选择同学的同时，同时学生也要擦亮自己的眼睛选择一位人品好，学术好 的导师，千万不要被网上的一些信息所误导!在很多时候学生处于单方面只被选 择的境地，所以在有可能的情况下，对于导师的多些了解对你将来的读博生涯也 是非常的重要的!所以同学们可以通过这个机会对实验室的课题，老师的为人、 性格等等本人很看重的方面进行交流，在交流中判断，最终决定是否报考这个导 师，毕竟网上很多的描述和实际差别还是很大的。 三、关于考试的细节问题，见面是很好的沟通的机会，所以你要好好的利用 这次机会，去之前对于考试的很多环节自己不能确定的，还需要一定的指导和帮 助的，尽量的考虑到，在和导师沟通的时候交流!比如说，公费自费情况啊，实 验室的补助情况啊，专业课的准备上，还有是否招收调换专业的考生啊，只要是 你自己不确定的，那个时候尽可能的交流，以免在以后麻烦!
2017 年 1 月 9 日 10：00- 2 月 19 日 17：00。 提交纸字版材料时间各个院系不同，具体参照每个院系的招生信息。 （4）报考类别： ①非定向：基本学制 4 年，全日制学习，转户口、调档案，毕业后自主就业； ②定向（含“少数民族高层次骨干人才计划”考生）：基本学制；
③校内在职：只限中国人民大学人事部门同意报考的本校教师，与我校人事处
签订服务期合同；
④在职定向（含“高校思想政治理论课教师在职攻读马克思主义理论博士学位
专项计划”）：基本学制 4 年，入校后至少全脱产学习一年，不转户口、不调档 案，毕业后回原单位。
中国人民大学社会与人口学院考博
备考重点须知：
2017 年中国人民大学在哲学院、法学院、商学院、新闻学院、信 息学院、农业与农村发展学院、理学院化学系、统计与大数据研究院、
劳动人事学院的劳动经济学专业、统计学院、数学科学研究院、理学
院物理系、公共管理学院、外国语学院开展博士生“申请-审核-复试 （综合考试）”制的招生改革试点工作。
（5）网上确认时间： 网上确认时间：2017 年 2 月 20 日-24 日。 “申请-审核-复试（综合考试）”制考生不须参加网上确认。 （6）学习年限及学费： 学习年限：博士生的基本学习年限为 4 年； 学费：所有类别博士生的学费标准均为：10000 元/人·学年；
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（1）2017 年中国人民大学原则攻读博士招生原则：原则上，我校每名博士生导 师每年招收 1 名博士生，已招收本科直博生和硕博连读研究生的博士生导师，一 般不再招收其他类别的博士生。 （2）同等学力报考注意事项： 同等学力人员。包括：①获得学士学位满 6 年（到 2017 年 9 月 1 日）；②获得 EMBA 硕士学位且获得学士学位满 6 年（到 2017 年 9 月 1 日）； 同等学力者报考还须具备以下条件：①报名时已获得国家外语六级水平考试证 书，或 2005 年 6 月以后参加六级考试且成绩达到 426 分以上；②在核心期刊上 公开发表与报考专业相关的学术论文 3 篇。 （3）网上报名时间：2016 年 12 月 1 日 10：00-12 月 30 日 17：00、
社会与人口学院博士招生信息：
原则上，我校每名博士生导师每年招收 1 名博士生，已招收本科直博生和硕 博连读研究生的博士生导师，一般不再招收其他类别的博士生。
招生方向（6 个）：人口、资源与环境经济学 社会学 人口学 人类学 老年学 社会医学与卫生事业管理
考试内容： 020106- 人口、资源与环境经济学 初试考试科目： ①环境经济学；②环境政策分析；③外语； 跨一级学科考生复试笔试加试科目： ④环境法 ；⑤生态学 ； 同等学力考生复试笔试加试科目： ④环境法 ；⑤生态学 ； ⑥政治理论。
初试：最高分 240.5 分；最低分 197.5 分；平均分 222 分； 复试：最高分 196 分；最低分 145 分；平均分 174 分； 解析：结合录取分数线所看，对于要稳上人大社会学院博士的话初试分数就需 要保证在 220 分左右；复试分数线要保证在 175 分左右； 2015 年社会与人口学院博士录取名单：37 人
120402- 社会医学与卫生事业管理 初试考试科目： ①当代中国政治与经济；②社会医学与卫生事业管理；③外语； 跨一级学科考生复试笔试加试科目： ④社会学概论 ；⑤管理学 ； 同等学力考生复试笔试加试科目： ④社会学概论 ；⑤管理学 ； ⑥政治理论。
录取分数情况解析：
2015 年：录取 37 人（其中硕博连读 6 人，骨干计划 1 人）；统考 30 人； 2016 年：录取 36 人（其中硕博连读 7 人，对口支援 1 人）；统考 28 人； 2016 年录取分：
030301- 社会学 初试考试科目： ①社会理论；②社会学研究方法；③外语； 跨一级学科考生复试笔试加试科目： ④社会学概论 ；⑤社会学史 ； 同等学力考生复试笔试加试科目： ④社会学概论 ；⑤社会学史 ； ⑥政治理论。
030302- 人口学
初试考试科目： ①社会理论；②人口统计学；③外语； 跨一级学科考生复试笔试加试科目： ④社会学概论 ；⑤社会学史 ； 同等学力考生复试笔试加试科目： ④社会学概论 ；⑤社会学史 ； ⑥政治理论。
030303- 人类学 初试考试科目： ①社会理论；②人类学理论学派；③外语； 跨一级学科考生复试笔试加试科目： ④社会学概论 ；⑤社会学史 ； 同等学力考生复试笔试加试科目： ④社会学概论 ；⑤社会学史 ； ⑥政治理论。
0303Z1- 老年学 初试考试科目： ①社会理论；②社会老年学；③外语； 跨一级学科考生复试笔试加试科目： ④社会学概论 ；⑤社会学史 ； 同等学力考生复试笔试加试科目： ④社会学概论 ；⑤社会学史 ； ⑥政治理论。