2020届辽宁省沈阳市第一二〇中学高二下英语第四次质量 检测试题
2021年辽宁省沈阳二中高考英语四模试卷(附答案详解)
2021年辽宁省沈阳二中高考英语四模试卷一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）AThe Great Wall, ChinaStretching over 21，000 kilometers, the Great Wall was built to prevent invasions and has a history of more than 2，000 years. UNESCO in February 2019 calls it an absolute masterpiece, not only because of the ambitious character of the undertaking but also the perfection of its construction. But perfection isn't protection. 51.2 percent of the Great Wall either has had already disappeared or is at a significant risk of disappearing. Besides for wind and rain erosion, the main reasons for the destruction of the Great Wall are human factors such as tourism, construction, human contact and so on.Pamukkale, TurkeyPamukkale, which means "cotton castle" in Turkish,is famous for its shining white calcite terraces with warm and mineralrich waters flowing.Before being listed as a World Heritage Site in 1988，Pamukkale had been severely damaged by human activities. People used hot spring water to fill swimming pools, some visitors stood on the rocks and some even bathed in the hot springs with soap and shampoo. To protect the terraces, the Turkish government has decided to pull down the hotels and require all tourists to visit this site barefoot.Great Barrier Reef, AustraliaHome to 400 types of coral and 1，500 species of fish,the Great Barrier Reef draws visitors to Australia from all over the world.However,the Great Barrier Reef is expected to suffer from increasingly frequent bleaching events,cases in which corals turn white and may die,according to a UNESCO report. The heat waves caused by global warming have killed half of the coral here in the two years, according to a CNN report. Pollution from industry developments and harmful fishing practices are also big concerns.The Dead Sea, JordanAt 423 meters below sea level,the Dead Sea is 10 times saltier than the ocean,meaning that the water is so dense, even tourists who can't swim will be able to float.But the seaside resorts built in the 1980s now sit kilometers away from the water's edge,which has lost half of its surface area in the past 40 years. The damage is irreversible due to the nature of the mineral industry and the type of agricultural use that has drained the water.1.Which are you required to visit without shoes？______A. The Great Wall, China.B. Pamukkale, Turkey.C. Great Barrier Reef, Australia.D. The Dead Sea, Jordan.2.Which of the following statements is TRUE？______A. Main reasons for the destruction of the Great Wall come from wind and rain erosion.B. Pamukkale was damaged by human activities after 1988.C. Pollution and heat waves caused by global warming kill much coral in the GreatBarrier Reef.D. Half of the Dead Sea surface area has disappeared in the past two decades.3.What do the above spots have in common？______A. They are all famous endangered natural spots.B. They're damaged only by human activities.C. They all draw the attention of the governments.D. They're all seriously damaged.BPsychological stress is likely to surface during a human mission to Mars. Prof Jeff Johnson thinks an onboard "comedian" could keep spirits up during the long journey. He is drawing on his research on the differing teambuilding approaches of competing polar explorers Roald Amundsen and Robert Falcon Scott to prove his point. Amundsen's team made it to the South Pole and back while Scott's died on the return journey.Well,Roald Amundsen actually put people through tests before they set off to make sure that they would take orders and, in particular, whether they would challenge any of them. Amundsen would set up situations where there would be an ambiguous context to see what their responses would be, and if somebody questioned him, they were out. However, if you read Amundsen's diary, he writes that Lindstrom, the cook, was basically the most important person on the expedition.Lindstrom was the comedian. He didn't actually go to the South Pole,but you've got toremember that the walking expedition was a small component of the overall time that they were on the ice. They were there for well over a year, waiting to walk to the Pole. They had to wait during the winter and it's a very tense time when people are idle（懒散的）. Lindstrom played an essential role in keeping the peace in the group when there were tense moments, and he would do something funny to get everybody to laugh, which would break the tension.There are individuals who have these certain natural abilities that you want to be able to recognize and include when you're putting together groups that are going to be isolated, such as those going into space. There are a number of different roles that we've discovered are important, but one of them is somebody who has humor. That's clearly important. So, you'd want to have somebody like Lindstrom, somebody who is not only good at what they have to do （he was a very good cook）but who also has another skillset beyond what's in the job description.We can put people together thinking that they're going to work together in a certain way,but over the course of time a crisis is bound to happen. There are the kinds of things that make groups more adaptable and help them function better. You can think about it in terms of atoms：when you put different elements together,they produce different kinds of things. It's the same with people. They may have their own characteristics,but when you put them together, they're going to create a different kind of situation and we want to have a better idea of what that might be.4.By comparing Amundsen with Scott, the author intends to ______ .A. contradict his previous statementsB. introduce the topic of the passageC. illustrate the importance of a comedianD. emphasize the necessity of team spirits5.What was the very quality Amundsen was valuing in his interview？______A. Willingness to take orders.B. Optimism about success.C. Eagerness to make progress.D. Curiosity about mysteries.6.For what reason was Lindstrom regarded as a key figure on the expedition？______A. He went against the command of Amundsen in every circumstance.B. He could make up many jokes about other team members to ease tension.C. Besides cooking tasty dishes, he was capable of easing tension when it arose.D. When a vacancy appeared, he was always ready to fill it in and made it work.7.Which of the following might be the best title of the passage？______A. Comedians, keys to landing on MarsB. Atoms, roles of members in a teamC. Teamwork, secret to overall successD. Amundsen, example for group leadersCThe idea of turning recycled plastic bottles into clothing is not new. During the last five years, a large number of clothing companies, businesses and environmental organizations have started turning plastics into fabric to deal with plastic pollution. But there's a problem with this method. Research now shows that microfibers could be the biggest source of plastic in the sea.Dr. Mark Browne in Santa Barbara, California, has been studying plastic pollution and microfibers for 10 years now. He explains that every time synthetic（合成的）clothes go into a washing machine, a large number of plastic fibers fall off. Most washing machines can't collect these microfibers. So every time the water gets out of a washing machine, microfibers are entering the sewers and finally end up in the sea.In 2011，Browne wrote a paper stating that a single piece of synthetic clothing can produce more than 1，900 fibers per wash. Browne collected samples from seawater and freshwater sites around the world, and used a special way to examine each sample. He discovered that every single water sample contained microfibers.This is bad news for a number of reasons. Plastic can cause harm to sea life when eaten. Studies have also shown that plastic can absorb other pollutants.Based on this evidence,it may seem surprising that companies and organizations have chosen to turn plastic waste into clothing as an environmental "solution". Even though the science has been around for a while,Browne explains that he's had a difficult time getting companies to listen. When he asked well-known clothing companies to support Benign by Design, his research project that seeks to get clothes that have a bad effect on humans and the environment out of the market, Browne didn't get a satisfying answer. Only one women's clothing company, Eileen Fisher, offered Browne funding.8.What has happened during the past five years？______A. Fabric has become much stronger.B. Plastic pollution has been less serious.C. Many plastics have been reused.D. Microfibers have been greatly improved.9.What does Browne think of washing synthetic clothes？______A. It is adding microfibers to the clothes.B. It is worsening environmental problems.C. It is making synthetic clothes last longer.D. It is doing great damage to washing machines.10.What can be inferred about Browne's Benign by Design research project？______A. It has achieved great success.B. It hasn't got anything done.C. It is known to very few people.D. It is facing some difficulty.11.What's the best title for the text？______A. It's Important to Learn to RecycleB. Recycled Plastic Clothing：Solution or Pollution？C. It's Never Easy to Solve Pollution ProblemsD. Are Human Beings Moving Forward or Backward？DA T-shirt that constantly monitors the heart's activity and detects abnormalities could help protect people against stroke. The T-shirt,which can be washed up to 35 times before it needs replacing,has been developed to improve the detection of dangerous heart conditions like atrial fibrillation（心房颤动），which causes an irregular heart rhythm and raises the risk of stroke. At least one million people in Britain are known to have this condition；however,it's estimated that at least another 500，000 have it but haven't yet been diagnosed because they have no obvious symptoms. Some will have symptoms such as chest pain,dizziness and fatigue；but a large number of people have no idea they're ill until they suffer a stroke.Detecting atrial fibrillation involves carrying out an ECG（心电图）. Conventional ECGs are done in a hospital and involve highly trained teams of staff attaching up to 24 separate electrodes（电极）to different parts of the body to measure electrical signals. But most patients experience abnormal rhythms only at intervals. This means the chance of picking them up during a short hospital check is slim.Doctors sometimes issue patients with a device called a Holter monitor to wear under theirclothes to try to pick up heart problems. This is an electronic box which clips onto your waistband and is connected to a series of electrodes worn on the upper part of your body. But the box itself is quite bulky,hard to hide beneath clothing and involves a dozen or more wires being attached to the patient's chest.The Cardioskin T-shirt,which is made from cotton, could be a much more convenient alternative and can be worn 24 hours a day-meaning it is more likely to pick up any abnormal rhythms in the patient's heart. It has 15 tiny electrodes woven into the material which are strategically placed around the chest area to track the electrical signals from the heart as they travel across the main part of your body.The electrodes are powered by a battery which can be removed easily when you need to wash the T-shirt and feed results to a microchip which then sends them out wirelessly to an app. This converts the data into an easy-to-read chart showing if the heart rate is abnormal. The results are shared with the patient's doctor so they can check the patient's heart without having to call them into the hospital.Martin Cowie,a professor of cardiology at Imperial College London,said,"Cardioskin could be an important development for cardiologists."12.How many British people are having dangerous heart conditions according to the text？______A. Less than 0.5 million.B. At least 1.5 million.C. Less than 1 million.D. At least 2 million.13.What is the main idea of Paragraph 3？______A. The difficulty in detecting atrial fibrillation.B. The benefit of detecting atrial fibrillation.C. The process of detecting atrial fibrillation.D. The future of detecting atrial fibrillation.14.Why did the author mention a Holter monitor in the text？______A. To show how convenient the Cardioskin T-shirt is.B. To introduce a way to check the patient's heart.C. To encourage people to care about their health.D. To explain why doctors like using the device.15.What can we learn about the Cardioskin T-shirt？______A. It has a battery that can be charged easily and quickly.B. It can be worn a month without being washed.C. It has electrodes placed all over the T-shirt.D. It can speed up the process of diagnosis.二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共12.5分）Why Accepting Change is Important to Your Professional Success？Whether you like it or not, change is a necessary part of today's business climate. Those employees who accept change will succeed, while those fearing change may head for the unemployment line. （1）______ So how can we make this normal change as positive and beneficial as possible？What's wrong with change？Employers want their workers to change when necessary.（2）______ The main reason is fear,though none of us agree that we doubt our ability to accept new ideas, use new technology, or adapt to new organizations.（3）______Employees often view change differently from their supervisors. This is why communication is so vital in many cases. Lack of communication will cause problems in personal relationships. Unfortunately, fear prevents them from expressing their ideas and opinions.The positive side of change（4）______ One of the most positive aspects of change is that it is never boring. If we want passion back in our work, we must be willing to change. We can learn how to work with a team and take on new responsibilities and change not just your attitude to change but some of your ideas and goals.Embrace upcoming changesMany people are content to live their present safe lives and want no change.（5）______ Comfort and high position？If those are what you desire,then you will probably soon be out of a job. If, instead, you want challenge and welcome change, you will always be successful and popular in your job.munication is the key.B.Think about what you really want.C.Remember to work hard at your work.munication helps you make more friends.E.Although some employees fear change, change is normal.F.If you describe your current job as boring, then change it.G.Knowing that, then, why are so many people resistant to it？16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）When I was a child of seven years old, my friends, on a holiday, filled my pocket with coins. I went at once to a shop where they sold toys for children. Being（1）______ with the sound of a whistle that I had seen by the way, in the hands of another boy, I handed over all my money for one. I then came home, and went whistling all over the house, much pleased with my whistle,but（2）______ all the family. My brothers and sisters and cousins, when I told of the （3）______ I had made, said I had given four times as much as the whistle was worth. They put me in mind of what good things I might have bought with the rest of the money, and laughed at me so much for my being stupid that I cried with vexation（烦恼）. Thinking about the matter gave me more（4）______ than the whistle gave me pleasure.（5）______ ，this was afterwards of use to me, for the impression continued on my mind, so that often, when I was（6）______ to buy something I did not need,I said to myself,"Don't give too much for the whistle," and I saved my money. As I grew up, came into the world, and （7）______ the actions of men, I thought I met with many, very many, who "gave too much for the whistle."If I knew a miser（守财奴）who（8）______ every kind of comfortable living,all the pleasure of doing good to others, all the esteem of his fellow citizens and the joys of friendship,（9）______ gathering and keeping wealth--- "Poor man," said I，" you pay too dear for your whistle." When I met a man of pleasure, who did not try to improve his mind or his fortune but（10）______ devoted himself to having a good time, perhaps neglecting his health," Mistaken man, you are providing（11）______ for yourself, instead of pleasure；you are paying too dear for your whistle." If I saw someone fond of（12）______ who has fine clothes,fine houses, fine furniture,fine earrings, all above his（13）______ ，and for which he had run into debt, and ends his career in a prison. "Alas," said I，"he has paid dear, very dear, for his whistle."（14）______ ，the miseries of mankind are largely due to their putting a（n）（15）______ value on things --- to giving "too much for their whistle."21. A. faced B. charmed C. sympathized D. provided22. A. disturbing B. attracting C. entertaining D. confusing23. A. trouble B. attempt C. choice D. bargain24. A. satisfaction B. relief C. annoyance D. stress25. A. Moreover B. Therefore C. However D. Indeed26. A. tempted B. determined C. forced D. persuaded27. A. took B. observed C. admired D. followed28. A. turned against B. gave upC. cared aboutD. relied on29. A. in case of B. instead ofC. for the sake ofD. in terms of30. A. merely B. similarly C. strangely D. positively31. A. inconvenience B. burden C. frustration D. pain32. A. appearance B. wealth C. comforts D. necessities33. A. demand B. fortune C. standard D. value34. A. As a result B. By contrast C. On average D. In short35. A. unexpected B. great C. false D. true四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）36.One of the best-selling ready-to-serve foods for stay-at-home foodies amid the epidemicin China might surprise many ---（1）______ instant river-snail noodle known for its stinky smell, Luosifen.As an iconic dish in Liuzhou,（2）______ （package）versions of the noodles became popular during the COVID-19 lockdown as its unique flavor and （3）______（convenient）won over customers staying inside their homes.Luosifen often shows up in （4）______ （video）by food loggers and Mukbang（吃播）uploaders. One of the most （5）______ （influence）is Li Ziqi, （6）______ video of how to make Luosifen has gained more than 42 million views on the website. She has up to 11.4 million subscribers on You Tube.A total of around 7.5 million yuan worth of Luosifen （7）______ （export）fromLiuzhou, South China's Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, since January. So popular is it （8）______ instant versions are also available on the web.（9）______ the traditional export markets such as the United States,Australia and some European countries, shipments of the ready-to-serve foods were also delivered to new markets, including Singapore and New Zealand. "（10）______ （honest），we didn't expect it would appeal to so many foreigners too," said Li Ziqi.五、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共40.0分）37.假如你是英华国际学校学生会主席李华，你在食堂发现有浪费粮食现象，打算向全校师生作"FOOD FOR LIFE"的演讲，请你用英文写一篇演讲稿，内容包括：1.演讲的主题；2.演讲的原因；3.你的倡议。
2020年辽宁省沈阳市高二(下)期中英语试卷
期中英语试卷一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共30.0分）AJanet Guthrie and Danica Patrick，first female Indy competitor and winnerNo complaints about woman drivers．Janet Guthrie，an space engineer who was training to be an astronaut，turned to car racing when she was cut from the space program for not having completed her doctor's degree．In 1977，Guthrie became the first female Indy 500 competitor．She didn't take the lead，but Danica Patrick did．In 2005 and in 2008，Patrick became the first woman ever to win an Indy Car Series．Raymonde de Laroche，first female licensed pilot A former actress who'd been born Elise Raymonde Deroche in Paris in 1882，Raymonde de Laroche was inspired to take up flying after seeing the Wright Brothers flight demonstrations in 1907 in France．Though she wasn't the first female pilot，de Laroche was the first woman to earn a pilot's license in 1910．Gertrude Ederle，first woman to swim across the English ChannelOn August 6．1926．Gertrude Caroline Ederle became the first woman to swim across the English Channel．Ederle，who lived to be 98 and died in 2003，was also an Olympic swim champion and five-time world record-holder in five swimming events．Kathrine Switzer，Nina Kuscik and Joan Benoit，first major female marathonersIn 1967，20-year-old Kathrine Switzer became the first woman to run in the Boston Marathon，even though race officials had tried to stop her．Nina Kuscik became the first woman to officially win the Boston Marathon，1972．In 1984，American Joan Benoit became the first winner of the Women's Olympic Marathon，finishing 400 meters ahead of Norway's Grete Waitz．1.Why was Janet Guthrie forbidden to take up space program？______A. She used to be a woman driver．B. She didn't gain doctor's degree．C. She was employed as an engineer．D. She showed interest in car racing．2.What made Raymonde de Laroche decide to become a pilot？______A. Wright Brothers influence．B. Her settlement in Paris．C. Her experience as an actress．D. Wright Brothers dialogues．3.What's the similarity between Gertrude Ederle and Kathrine Switzer？______A. They were looked down upon．B. They lived a long life．C. They had a higher fame．D. They were athletic．BFOR ALL the technological wonders of modern medicine，from gene-editing to fetal（胎儿的）surgery，health care-with its fax machines and clipboards（资料夹）-is often stubbornly old-fashioned．This outdated era is slowly drawing to a close as，slowly，the industry catches up with the artificial-intelligence （AI）revolution．And it should have happenedearlier，argues Eric Topol，a heart doctor keen on digital medicine．Dr Topol's vision of medicine's future is optimistic．He thinks AI will be particularly useful for repetitive tasks where errors arise easily，such as selecting images，examining heart traces for abnormal symptoms or recording doctors' words into patient records．In short，AI is set to save time，lives and money．Much of this is imaginary-but AI is already defeating people in a variety of narrow jobs for which it has been trained．Eventually it may be able to diagnose and treat a wider range of diseases．Even then，Dr Topol thinks，humans would watch over the rules，rather than being replaced by them．The author's fear is that AI will be used to deepen the assembly-line（流水线）culture of modern medicine．If it awards a "gift of time" on doctors，he argues that this additional benefit should be used to extend the time of consultations，rather than simply speeding through them more efficiently．The Hippocratic Oath holds that there is an art to medicine as well as a science，and that "warmth，sympathy and understanding may be more important than the surgeon's knife or the chemist's drug"．That is not just a cliché：the patients of sympathetic physicians have been shown to do better．As Dr Topol says，it is hard to imagine that a robot could really replace a human doctor．Yet as demand for health care goes beyond the supply of human carers，the future may involve consultations on smartphones and measurements monitored by chat robots．The considerately warmed stethoscope（听诊器），placed gently on a patient's back，may become history．4.According to the author，health care has been generally considered ______ ．A. to bring out many technological wondersB. to boost the sales of fax machines and clipboardsC. to be out of date and fail to keep up with modern timesD. to constantly catch up with new technological progress5.AI is set to save time，lives and money because it can ______ ．A. repeat doctors' words and instructionsB. correct doctors' errors and mistakesC. select doctors according to patients' demandsD. replace doctors' tasks in certain fields6.The underlined word "cliché" is closest in meaning to ______ ．A. an idea so often used that becomes uninterestingB. an idea so interesting that is often usedC. an effective rule that applies to medicine and doctorsD. a benefit to both doctors and patients7.It can be inferred from the passage that ______ ．A. AI will completely replace the jobs of doctorsB. doctors' sympathy and understanding should not be ignoredC. the application of AI will discourage the assembly-line cultureD. AI will bring warmth，sympathy and understanding to patientsCThe hemlock（铁杉）trees along the Wappinger Creek，New York，look healthy．However，scientist Gary Lovett says the white balls which provide protection for the bugs are created by a tiny insect．It's hard to believe the tiny bug could kill a tree．However，trees can end up with millions and millions of the pests．When there are that many，it ends up killing the tree．The bug from East Asia is slowly killing trees across the USA．The trouble-making bug is justone of many invasive（入侵的）pests that have slipped into the United States．They can hurt other living things in their new home．Many invasive pests arrive on wooden pallets（运货板）piled inside shipping containers．They support and separate goods，and keep them from sliding around．Invasive pests often tunnel into the pallets．How can we stop pests from riding on pallets？Lovett says new rules are needed．The companies that make pallets don't want more rules．Congress has added an amendment（修正案）in the 2018 Farm Bill to try and prevent this problem．However，Lovett is not hopeful it will make much of a difference．Pallets are checked by inspectors．Many are sprayed with bug-killing pesticide．"I believe in the system，" said Brent McClendon，president of The National Wooden Pallet and Container Association．He also said shipping containers are checked very carefully．Still，each year 13 million containers are shipped to the U．S．Each is full of wooden pallets．Lovett says："Inspectors can't possibly check everything．All it takes are a few bad pallets；we should get rid of wooden pallets．" He believes pallets should be made of plastic or eco-composite wood．Eco-composite wood is a mix of wood fiber and plastic．Insects cannot hide into it．One problem is that these choices cost more．They may be worth the extramoney，though．Invasive pests cost the U．S．﹩5 billion a year．Trees don't just die inforests．They also die in cities and our yards．Then，they need to be replaced．That costs money，too．8.All the statements are TRUE except that ______ ．A. pesticide has been applied to bug-killingB. invasive pests are native to Wappinger CreekC. invasive pests hide in pallets used in shippingD. the companies making pallets don't want more rules9.What can we infer from the passage？______A. Bugs can be easily spotted by eyes．B. Bugs ruin the shipping goods slowly．C. Even tiny bugs could be a threat to a tree．D. Bugs cover trees with white soft balls to protect tress．10.Why does Gary Lovett want to get rid of wooden pallets？______A. Because insects mostly die in them．B. Because plastic pallets are eco-friendly．C. Because they are not worth extra money．D. Because they are the major pest carriers．11.What does the passage mainly talk about？______A. Invasive pests are harming plants in the USA．B. Effective measures have stopped the pest invasion．C. Congress contributes a lot to dealing with invasive pests．D. Ecosystem in the USA is poorly damaged by invasive woods．DWhile elephants born without tusks （长牙）are not unheard of，they normally form just 2 to 6 percent of the population．However，that is not the case at Mozambique's Gorongosa National Park，where an astonishing 33 percent of female elephants born after the country's civil war ended in 1992 are tuskless．While that may appear to be just a coincidence，Joyce Poole，an elephant behavior expert，has another theory．The researcher thinks we may be witnessing unnatural evolution of the species due to the constant hunting of elephants forvaluable ivory．Poole says before the country's 15-year-long civil war，the 100，000-acre park was home to over 4，000 elephants．However，by the time the conflict ended in 1992，about 90 percent of them had been killed for ivory to help finance weapons （武器）and meat to feed the soldiers．Of the less than 200 survivors，over 50 percent of adult females had no tusks．Therefore，it is not surprising that the park's tuskless elephant population has grown greatly．This is not the first time researchers have observed a great change in the population of elephants．At Zambia's South Luangwa National Park and Lupande Game Management Area，areas which were heavily hunted in the 1970s and 1980s，35% of elephants 25 years or older and 13% of those younger than 25 are now without tusks．A 2008 study published found that the number of tuskless females at the Ruaha National Park in Tanzania went from 10.5 percent in 1969 to almost 40 percent in 1989，largely due to illegal hunting for ivory．The recent ban on ivory in both the US and China should help get rid of，or at least reduce，elephant hunting．However，scientists are not sure how long it will take for elephants witha higher rate of tuskless females，to change the trend．12.What is the probable cause of the phenomenon mentioned in Paragraph 1 ？______A. Illegal hunting．B. Constant farming．C. A pure coincidence．D. Natural evolution．13.Why did people kill so many elephants during the civil war in Mozambique？______A. To get funds by selling ivory．B. To develop new weapons．C. To provide food for local people．D. To make ivory products．14.Which of the following had the earliest record on tuskless elephants？______A. Gorongonsa National Park．B. South Luangwa National Park．C. The Ruaha National Park．D. Lupande Game Management Area．15.What does the underlined phrase "the trend" in the last paragraph refer to？______A. Elephants facing greater danger．B. Elephants growing more slowly．C. Fewer female elephants staying alive．D. More female elephants being tuskless．二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共10.0分）Can We Stop Food Longing Through Imaginary Eating？Are you fighting an urge to reach for chocolate？Then，let it melt in your mind，not in your mouth．According to the recent research，imagining eating a specific food reduces your interest in that food，so you eat less of it．This reaction to repeated exposure to food-being less interested in something because you've experienced it too much-is called habituation．(1)The research is the first to show that habituation can occur through the power of the mind．"If you just think about the food itself-how it tastes and smells-that will increase your appetite，" said Carey Morewedge，a well-known psychologist．"It might be better to force yourself to repeatedly think about chewing and swallowing the food in order to reduce your longing．(2) Visualizing yourself eating chocolate wouldn't prevent you from eating lots of cheese，" he added．Morewedge conducted an interesting experiment．51 subjects were divided into threegroups．One group was asked to imagine putting 30 coins into a laundry machine and then eating three chocolates．(3) Another group was asked to imagine putting three coins into a laundry machine and then eating 30 chocolates．Lastly，a control group imagined just putting 33 coins into the machine-with no chocolates．(4) When they said they had finished，these were taken away and weighed．The results showed the group that had imagined eating 30 chocolates each ate fewer of the chocolates than the other groups．(5) Physical signals-that full stomach feeling-are only part of what tells us we've finished a meal．The research suggests that psychological effects，such as habituation，also influence how much a person eats．It may lead to new behavioral techniques for people looking to eat more healthily，or have control over other habits．A．What's more，this only works with the specific food you've imagined．B．People were advised to try different methods to perform the experiment．C．For example，a tenth bite is desired less than the first bite，according to the study．D．All of them then ate freely from bowls containing the same amount of chocolate each．E．It meant those who repeatedly imagined eating would concern about some specific food．F．This requires the same motor skills as eating small chocolates from a packet，the study says．G．This study is part of the research looking into what makes us eat more than we actually need．16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G三、完形填空（本大题共20小题，共30.0分）I was at the post office early that morning，hoping to be in and out in a short while．Yet，I(21)myself standing in a queue that went all the way into the hallway．I had never seen so many people there on a weekday．It seemed someone might have made an announcement，welcoming customers to carry as many(22)as they could and bring them in when I needed to have my own package(23)．The queue moved very slowly．My patience ran out and Igot(24)．The longer it took，the angrier I became．When I got to the counter finally，I finished my(25)quickly and briefly，and then walked past the queue that was now extending past the front door．"Excuse me，" I said，trying not to be too pushy．Several people had to move(26) to make room for me to get to the(27)．I stepped out，complaining about the(28) conditions．Thinking I was going to be late for my dentist appointment，I headed into the parking lot．A woman was coming across the lot in my(29)．She was walking with determination，and each step sounded very heavy．I(30) that she looked as if she could breathe fire．It stopped me in my tracks．I(31) myself and it wasn't pretty．Had I looked like that？Her body language said that she was having a(32) day．My anger melted away．I wished I could wrap her in a hug but I was a(33)．So I did what I could in a minute(34) she hurried past me-Ismiled．In a second everything changed．She was astonished，then somewhat(35)．Then her face softened and her shoulders(36)．I saw her take a deep breath．Her pace slowed and she smiled back at me as we passed each other．I continued to smile all the way tomy(37)．Wow，it's amazing what a simple smile can do．From then on，I became aware of people's(38) and my own，the way we show our feelings．Now I use that(39) every day to let it(40) me that when facing the world，I can trya smile．21. A. found B. helped C. troubled D. enjoyed22. A. possessions B. packages C. chances D. dollars23. A. lifted B. cashed C. weighed D. carried24. A. pleased B. disappointed C. delighted D. annoyed25. A. business B. choice C. situation D. attitude26. A. away B. about C. along D. aside27. A. counter B. cashier C. exit D. entrance28. A. weather B. service C. work D. purchase29. A. satisfaction B. decision C. direction D. imagination30. A. announced B. discovered C. proved D. noticed31. A. trusted B. recognized C. hidD ．persuaded32. A. rough B. bright C. big D. nice33. A. gentleman B. stranger C. customer D. passenger34. A. until B. though C. before D. since35. A. attracted B. frightened C. excited D. confused36. A. trembled B. raised C. relaxed D. tightened37. A. car B. office C. home D. doctor38. A. appearances B. reactions C. conversations D. expressions39. A. treatment B. awareness C. conclusion D. achievement40. A. remind B. show C. give D. tell四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）41.Everyone likes to have friends (1) are trustworthy．When what we say matches what wedo，we earn trust and friendship．On (2) contrary，once we break our word，nobody will ever trust us again．For example，if you are (3) untrustworthy worker，you are less likely (4) （get）a promotion．Therefore，the (5) （important）of keeping one's word cannot be stressed too much．I once had the unpleasant experience of someone breaking his promise to me．Lastmonth，everyone in my class had to gather at school (6) 6：30 am for our (7) （graduate）trip．My friend Ben asked me to meet him at McDonald's at six，but he never showed up．I was (8) （depress）that when I called him，he told me he was already at school．I(9) （rush）straight there，but all my classmates still blamed me for delaying thetrip．After that，I ended my (10) （friend）with Ben because I don't need friends who can't keep their word．五、短文改错（本大题共1小题，共10.0分）42.假定英语老师要求同桌之间互相修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文．文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处．每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改．增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（^），并在其下面写出该加的词．删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉．修改：在错的词下面划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词．注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限1词；2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分．In my childhood，my parents sent me to learn Chinese calligraphy．However，things are quite opposite to their expectations．Not only I get bored with hours of practice but also I doubted about the valuable of it．Nevertheless，when I entered high school，write calligraphy proved both essential or beneficial．It was at that time when I realized how important it is to master a certain skill．Judging from my own experience，I want to say a few word to those children who havea same trouble as I did．Do not refuse to learn a skill when young，as at the long run youwill find them helpful．六、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共25.0分）43.假定你是李华，是校学生会主席，你校将举行校文化节，学校安排你写一封电子邮件，邀请外籍教授Black先生做关于中美文化差异的讲座．要点：1．讲座时间：2019年5月16日下午15点到17点；2．讲座地点：报告厅；3．联系方式：englishtec@163．com．注意：1．词数100左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯．Dear Professor Black，Yours，Li Hua答案和解析1.【答案】【小题1】B 【小题2】A 【小题3】D【解析】1．B．细节理解题．根据文章第二段， Janet Guthrie， an space engineer who was training to be an astronaut， turned to car r acing when she was cut from the space program for not having completed her doctor's degree ．詹妮特•古思里，一位正在接受宇航员培训的太空工程师，由于没有完成博士学位而被从太空计划中裁掉，转而参加赛车．可知，詹妮特•古思里没能参加太空计划是因为她没有完成其博士学位，结合选项，故选B．2．A．细节理解题．根据文章第三段，Raymonde de Laroche was inspired to take up flying after seeing the Wright Brothers flight d emonstrations in 1907 in France 雷蒙德•德•拉罗什1907年在法国看到莱特兄弟的飞行表演后，受到启发而开始想要成为飞行员，结合选项，故选A．3．D．细节理解题．根据文章第四段，Gertrude Ederle， first woman to swim across the English Channel格特鲁德•埃德尔，第一个横渡英吉利海峡的女人；Kathrine Switzer， Nina Kuscik and Joan Benoit， first major female marathoners凯瑟琳•斯威策•尼娜•库西克和琼•贝诺伊特第一位大型女子马拉松运动员．可知，Gertrude Ederle和Kathrine Switzer二个都是运动员，结合选项，故选D．本文章主要讲述了几个在各自领域有出色表现的女性，她们都是值得大家学习的．做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案．推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据．4.【答案】【小题1】C 【小题2】D 【小题3】A 【小题4】B【解析】1．C．细节理解题．根据第一段health care- -with its fax machines and dlipboards （资料夹）- -is often stubbornly old-fashioned．可知，医疗保健一有传真机和写字板一是过时的．故选C．2．D．细节理解题．根据第二段He thinks AI will be particularly useful for repetitive tasks where errors arise easily， such as selectingimages， examining heart traces for abnormal symptoms or recording doctors' word s into patient records．可知，他认为人工智能可用于操作那些重复的、人工操作易产生误差的工作，诸如筛查图象、检查心脏异常迹象和抄写病历等．人工智能能够利用庞大的数据提出针对某种疾病或某位病患的优化诊疗方法，从而改进医院的工作流程．在某些领域能够代替人的工作．故选D．3．A．词义猜测题．根据第五段warmth， sympathy and understanding may be more important than the surgeon's knife or th e chemist's drug"温暖、同情、理解可能远超外科手术刀和药剂"．根据the patients of sympathetic physicians have been shown todo better．因为已经证实那些同情心的医生的病患往往恢复得更好．That is not just a diche：此言绝非陈词滥调．故选A．4．B．推理判断题．根据第五段the patients of sympathetic physicians have been shown to do better．可知，医生的同情和理解不容忽视．故选B．本文是一篇议论文，尽管现代医学创造了许多技术奇迹，但医疗保健--包括传真机和剪贴板--已经过时了．随着人工智能革命的到来，这个过时的时代正在慢慢接近尾声．作者认为人工智能旨在节省时间、生命和金钱，对提高效率是很有帮助的．但同时也指出人类医生可以和机器人表现得一样好．考察学生的推理判断能力和联系上下文的的能力，在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断．此类的填空题一定要联系上下文，根据上下文的内容加上自己的理解，再作出正确的判断8.【答案】【小题1】B 【小题2】C 【小题3】D 【小题4】A【解析】1．B．细节理解题．根据第二段，The bug from East Asia is slowly killing trees across the USA． The trouble-making bug is j ust one of many invasive（入侵的） pests that have slipped into the United States． They can hurt other living things in their new home．来自东亚的虫子正在慢慢地杀死美国各地的树木．制造麻烦的虫子只是许多入侵美国的害虫之一．它们会伤害到新家里的其他生物．可知此害虫为外来物种．结合选项，故选B．2．C．推理判断题．根据第一段最后两句However， trees can end up with millions and millions of the pests． When there are that ma ny， it ends up killing the tree．然而，树木最终会造成数百万的害虫，当害虫数量如此之多时，最终会杀死树木．可知，如果只有很少的虫子，它们就不会影响到树了．结合选项，故选C．3．D．细节理解题．根据最后一段Inspectors can't possibly check everything． All it takes are a few bad pallets； we should ge t rid of wooden pallets．" He believes pallets should be made of plastic or eco-composite wo od． Eco-composite wood is a mix of wood fiber and plastic． Insects cannot hide into it．检查人员不可能检查所有东西．只需要几个坏托盘；我们应该把木托盘扔掉．"他认为托盘应该是塑料或生态复合木材．生态复合木材是木纤维和塑料的混合物．昆虫不能藏在里面．可知．木板是铁杉斑螟蛾虫的主要载体．因此必须根除，结合选项，故选D．4．A．主旨大意题．根据文章内容，本文主要介绍了外来蛾虫入侵所致的铁杉树虫害并没有因国会通过的修正案或是有关人士提出的方案而得到完全地解决．外来物种的入侵正影响着美国的植物，结合选项，故选A．本文为记叙文，介绍了美国铁杉树虫害因运输过程中使用的木板所携带的外来蛾虫所致．政府有颁布法案解决但收效甚微．有关人士就此也提出相应的解决方案．做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案．推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据．12.【答案】【小题1】A 【小题2】A 【小题3】C 【小题4】D【解析】1．A．推理判断题．根据第一段的．故推断第一段的"The researcher thinks we may bewitnessing unnatural evolution of the species due to the constant hunting ofelephants for valuable ivory，研究人员认为，由于大象被不断地猎取珍贵的象牙，我们可能正在目睹这一物种的非自然进化，第1段中提到的现象的可能原因是非法狩猎．故选A．2．A．细节理解题．根据第二段中的However，by the timethe conflict ended in 1992，about 90percent of them had been killed for ivory to help finance weapons （武器）and meat to feed the soldiers然而，到1992年战争结束时，为了获取象牙来支付购买武器以及为士兵们提供食物的钱，90%的大象被屠杀，可知A项正确．3．C．推理判断题．根据第三段中的A 2008 study published in the African Journal of Ecology found that the numter of tuskless females at the Ruaha National Park in Tanzania wentfrom 10.5 percent in 1969 to almost 40 percent in 1989，2008年发表在"非洲生态学杂志"上的一项研究发现，坦桑尼亚Ruaha国家公园中无牙雌象的数量从1969年的10.5%上升到1989年的近40%，可知是在Ruaha国家公园有最早记录，故选C项．4．D．词义猜测题．根据画线词所在句子However，scientists are not sure how long it will take for elephantswith a higher rate of tuskless females，to change the trend，然而，科学家们不确定具有较高无牙雌象率的大象需要多长时间才能改变这一趋势，故指的是更多的雌性大象是无牙的．可知D项正确．本文为说明文．受生存环境的影响，有些非洲大象出生时就没有长牙，这势必会影响该物种的繁衍．1．直接信息题：直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目．2．间接信息题：间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原文信息进行转换．3．综合信息题：综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章取义．16.【答案】【小题1】C 【小题2】A 【小题3】F 【小题4】D 【小题5】G【解析】CAFDG1．C．联系上文题．根据前文This reaction to repeated exposure to food-being less interested in something because you've experienced it too much-is called habituation．可知这种对反复接触食物的反应，由于你经历了太多而对食物不感兴趣，这叫做习惯化．C项：For example，a tenth bite is desired less than the first bite，according to the study．例如，根据这项研究，第十口比第一口要少．符合文意，故选C．2．A．理解判断题．根据后文Visualizing yourself eating chocolate wouldn't prevent you from eating lots of cheese，可知想象自己吃巧克力不会阻止你吃很多奶酪．A项：What's more，this only works with the specific food you've imagined．而且，这只适用于你想象中的特定食物．符合文意，故选A．3．F．文章衔接题．根据前文Morewedge conducted an interesting experiment．51 subjects were divided into three groups．One group was asked to imagine putting 30 coins into a laundry machine and then eating three chocolates．可知莫韦奇进行了一项有趣的实验，将51名受试者分成三组，一组受试者被要求想象将30枚硬币放入洗衣机，然后吃三块巧克力．F项：This requires the same motor skills as eating small chocolates from a packet，the study says．这项研究说，这需要和吃小包巧克力一样的运动技能．符合文意，故选F．4．D．逻辑推理题．根据前文Lastly，a control group imagined just putting 33 coins into themachine-with no chocolates．可知最后，一个控制组设想在没有巧克力的情况下，将33枚硬币放入机器．D项：All of them then ate freely from bowls containing the same amount of chocolate each．然后，所有人都可以自由地从每个碗里吃同样数量的巧克力．符合文意，故选D．5．G．理解判断题．根据后文Physical signals-that full stomach feeling-are only part of what tells us we've finished a meal．The research suggests that psychological effects，such as habituation，also influence how much a person eats．可知身体信号表明，饱腹感只是我们吃完饭的一部分．研究表明，心理影响，如习惯性，也会影响一个人的进食量．G项：This study is part of the research looking into what makes us eat more than we actually need．这项研究是研究什么使我们吃得比实际需要的多的研究的一部分．符合文意，故选G．本文是一篇选句填空阅读，文章主要介绍了我们能通过想象的饮食来停止对食物的渴望吗？饱腹感只是告诉我们已经吃完饭的一部分的物理信号．研究表明，心理影响，如习惯化，也会影响一个人吃的量．做题的时候边读边做．各个问题附近的句子都需要重点阅读，圈画一些线索粗，再从选项中寻找相关的特征词用来判断正确答案．带入排除法也是一种很好的方法．另外，如果发现有一题拿不准的，先跳过，先做容易的能做出的题，直到读完整篇文章．至此，文章的要点和主旨、各个段落之间的逻辑关系应该基本就能清楚了．然后再回过去做之前不确定的题目．21.【答案】【小题1】A 【小题2】B 【小题3】C 【小题4】D 【小题5】A【小题6】D 【小题7】C 【小题8】B 【小题9】C 【小题10】D 【小题11】B 【小题12】A 【小题13】B 【小题14】C 【小题15】D 【小题16】C 【小题17】A 【小题18】D 【小题19】B 【小题20】A【解析】1-5 ABCDA 6-10 DCBCD 11-15 BABCD 16-20 CADBA1．A．考查动词及语境理解．A．found发现，B．helped帮助，C．troubled困难，D．enjoyed 享受，find sb doing发现某人正做…，我发现自己在很长的队伍里面排队，选A．2．B．考查名词及语境理解．A．possessions财产，B．packages包裹，C．chances机会，D．dollars美元，when I needed to have my own package ．可知是邮局鼓励顾客尽可能多的带来包裹，选B．3．C．考查动词及语境理解．A．lifted举起，B．cashed支付，C．weighed称重量，D．carried 携带，had my package weighed请人称包裹，选C．4．D．考查形容词及语境理解．A．pleased高兴的，B．disappointed失望的，C．delighted 高兴的，D．annoyed生气的，从后面的句子：The longer it took，the angrier I became．可知作者失去耐心很生气，选D．5．A．考查名词及语境理解．A．business生意，交易，B．choice选择，C．situation 形势，D．attitude态度，很快的结束我的交易，选A．6．D．考查副词及语境理解．A．away离开，B．about关于，C．along沿着，D．aside 一旁，从后面的make room for me to可知几个人让到一边，给作者腾出空间，选D．7．C．考查名词及语境理解．A．counter柜台，B．cashier收银台，C．exit出口，D．entrance 入口，这些人让出地方是让作者出去，选C．8．B．考查名词及语境理解．A．weather天气，B．service服务，C．work工作，D．purchase 购买，作者抱怨服务条件，选B．9．C．考查名词及语境理解．A．satisfaction满意，B．decision决定，C．direction方向，D．imagination想象，选in one's direction朝着某人的方向，选C．10．D．考查动词及语境理解．A．announced宣称，B．discovered发现，C．proved证明，D．noticed通知，注意到，我注意到这个妇女好像很愤怒，选D．11．B．考查动词及语境理解．A．trusted信任，B．recognized承认，C．hid躲避，D．persuaded 说服，从后面的句子：Had I looked like that？Her body language said that she was having a _ day．可知作者是在自我认识，选B．12．A．考查形容词及语境理解．A．rough 大略的，B．bright聪明的，C．big大的，D．nice好的，从前面的句子：that she looked as if she could breathe fire．可知这个妇女一天都不顺利，选A．13．B．考查名词及语境理解．A．gentleman绅士，B．stranger陌生人，C．customer 顾客，D．passenger乘客，作者希望能拥抱这个妇女，但是自己是陌生人，选B．14．C．考查连词及语境理解．A．until直到，B．though虽然，C．before在…前面，D．since自从，在她从我旁边走过之前我做了我能做的，选C．15．D．考查动词及语境理解．A．attracted吸引，B．frightened害怕，C．excited兴奋的，D．confused困惑的，从后面的In a second everything changed．She was astonished，可知这个妇女有点困惑，选D．16．C．考查动词及语境理解．A．trembled颤抖，B．raised提高，举起，C．relaxed放松，D．tightened加紧，从后面的句子：Then her face softened可知这个妇女肩膀放松了，选C．17．A．考查名词及语境理解．A．car汽车，B．office办公室，C．home家，D．doctor 医生，从前面的句子：Thinking I was going to be late for my dentist appointment，I headed into the parking lot．可知作者是去停车场拿车的，选A．18．D．考查名词及语境理解．A．appearances外貌，出现，B．reactions反应，C．conversations 谈话，D．expressions表情，从后面的句子：and my own，the way we show our feelings．可知作者开始注意人们的表情，选D．19．B．考查名词及语境理解．A．treatment对待，B．awareness意识，C．conclusion 结论，D．achievement成就，从前面的句子：I became aware of people's and my own，可知填aware的名词，选B．20．A．考查动词及语境理解．A．remind提醒，B．show展示，C．give给与，D．tell 告诉，这件事提醒我，面对世界要微笑，选A．文章介绍作者在邮局对漫长的队伍感到生气，在停车场看见的一个愤怒妇女，让他开始反思自己，并对这个妇女报以微笑，改变了这位妇女也改变了自己．做题之前，必须先浏览全文，了解短文的大意，这是非常重要的一个步骤．通过短文所提供的信息，借助语感及相关知识的推断，可以从整体上把握短文的轮廓．完形填空题不同于单项填空题，单项填空题所给的是一个或两个句子，根据设空句或前后语境就可以选出答案．而完形填空题所给的是一篇意思完整的短文，答案的选择要联系整段或整篇文章．切勿为了省时而边看边填；否则，只会欲速则不达．许多地方看不下去，选择时或不解其意，或似懂非懂，从而举棋不定，这样不仅错误率高，而且费时费力．41.【答案】【小题1】who/that【小题2】the【小题3】an【小题4】to get【小题5】importance【小题6】at【小题7】graduation【小题8】depressed【小题9】rushed【小题10】friends。
辽宁省沈阳市铁西区达标名校2024年中考英语四模试卷含答案
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Ⅰ. 单项选择1、---Do you think ______ he has taken the bag?--- ______ I’m mistaken.A．that; Until B．whether; If C．that; Unless D．whether; Unless2、Amazing China, a film about China’s ach ievements, is a great and makes morepeople proud of our country.A．doubt B．success C．result D．decision3、--The story is so amazing! It’s the most interesting story I’ve ever read.--But I’m afraid it won’t be liked by________.A．everybody B．somebody C．anybody D．nobody4、I believe every student in our school anticipates entering his or her dream high school.A．looks forward B．expects C．looks forward to D．hopes5、Her sister goes to the Music Club _______ every Monday morning.A．at B．/ C．on D．in6、We may have many difficulties in life, and at times it’s even unfair for someone, but it _____ how you face them. A．takes up B．looks up to C．depends on7、—Sonia, is this your dictionary?—Oh, no, it’s not _______. Ask Tom, he is looking for ______.A．mine, his B．my, him C．me, his D．yours, his8、--- Which is the biggest number of the four?--- ______.A．One third B．A half C．Two thirds D．A quarter9、—Why didn’t you go to the party last night? —Because I _______.A．wasn’t invited B．di dn’t invite C．haven’t invited D．am not invited10、Sam is doing some ________ about the ancient Silk Road.A．research B．operations C．exercise D．experimentsⅡ. 完形填空11、When I was in Grade Three, I was chosen to play the lead role in the school play.For weeks my mother helped me 1 my lines (台词), but once on stage, every word disappeared 2 my head. Then my teacher asked me to change 3 and be the narrator.Although I didn't tell my 4 what had happened that day, she 5 my unhappiness and asked if I wanted to take a walk in the yard.It was a lovely 6 day. It was warm. In the yard all the flowers came out. We could see lots of dandelions (蒲公英) dancing among the colorful flowers. How beautiful they were! I watched my mother carelessly bend down by some flowers. "I think I am going to 7 all the useless grass." She said."But I like dandelions," I said, "All flowers are 8 --even dandelions".My mother looked at me 9 "Yes, every flower shines in its own way, doesn't it?" she said. I nodded. "So that is 10 of people, too." She added.She had guessed my 11 I started to cry and told her the truth."You will be a great narrator." She said, Then she told me 12 I loved to read stories to her when I was in Grade One.Over the next few 13 I learned to take pride in the role. The big day finally 14 A few minutes before the play, my teacher came over to me. "Your mother asked me to give this to you," she said, passing me a dandelion.After the play, I took the flower home, laughing that I was perhaps 15 person who would keep such a common dandelion.1．A．write B．practice C．train D．provide2．A．from B．in C．on D．over3．A．names B．character C．roles D．lines4．A．cousin B．aunt C．sister D．mother5．A．sensed B．touched C．reached D．heard6．A．spring B．summer C．autumn D．winter7．A．use up B．eat up C．dig up D．drink up8．A．perfect B．lively C．attractive D．natural9．A．sadly B．carelessly C．surprisingly D．happily10．A．kind B．good C．true D．suitable11．A．worry B．stress C．nervous ness D．pain12．A．how B．how much C．how many D．how long13．A．days B．weeks C．months D．years14．A．went B．came C．ran D．appeared15．A．the only B．the best C．the last D．the worstⅢ. 语法填空12、Bruce and Kelly are brother and sister. They enjoy 1．(play) sports. In just a month they 2．(be) high school students. Bruce is deciding between badminton and volleyball. Kelly is thinking about whether to try a sport she never played, or go with one she knows, like baseball.Maybe many students face the same problem. For most students,3．(choose) which sports to do in high school is hard because they never played an 4．(organize) sport before, and they are not sure what they will most enjoy.Sports 5．(mean) to be fun. If there is a sport you really enjoy but you aren't sure if you can play it well, just 6．(try) out. What's the worst that can happen? If you don~t like it, you can always try another sport.Ⅳ. 阅读理解A13、Y ou may have known several kinds of police, traffic police, and street police. But have you ever heard ofenergy-saving (节能) policemen?A group of 22 of these new policemen went to work last week in Beijing. They go around the city to see the use of energy in hotels, office buildings, shopping centers and other public places. One of their aims is to make sure that these places have set their air conditioning (空调) no cooler than 26 ℃."If everyone sets their air conditioning at 26 ℃, Beijing will save 400 million kilowatt-hours of electricity in one summer. That's one-third of all the usage of the city in the season," said a TV advertisement.Other Chinese cities, like Wuhan in Hubei Province and Yangzhou in Jiangsu Province, are going to follow Beijing's steps in setting up a similar police team.From 1986 to 2005, China met 20 warm winters. It means that Chinese cities have to spend billions of yuan solving the environmental problems every year.At the beginning of this month, China made its first action plan to fight pollution. It aims to reduce energy usage by 20％and increase renewable energy up to 10％from 7％by 2010.To introduce a green life to the public, Beijing also held a show on energy-saving technology and productions last week. It attracted lots of attention."We want to tell people that there are certain ways to protect the environment. Each of us can find right ways to do it in our daily lives," said Liu Qianguang, an environmental engineer in Beijing.1．The job of the energy-saving policemen is ___________.A．to set the air conditioning coolerB．to check the use of energy in public placesC．to stop people using air conditioningD．to make sure that more energy will be produced2．Beijing will use ___________ million kilowatt-hours electricity in one summer. A．1200 B．800C．400 D．1333．Which of the following years' winters were all warm in China?A．1984-1988. B．1999-2003.C．2002-2006. D．2005-2009.4．According to Liu Qianguang, ___________.A．there are few ways to protect the environmentB．it's difficult to find good ways to save energyC．it's easy for one to do something good for the environmentD．it's not easy for one to do something good for the environment5．In the year 2010 China’s energ y usage is going to be cut by________. A．20% B．10%C．7% D．17%B14、1．Which book is the most popular one among the buyers?A．Ten Little Fingers. B．Bookmarks by Phillips.C．The Mystery of Breathing. D．The Best of the Song Books.2．You read this advertisement most probably _______.A．in a novel B．in a magazineC．on the Internet D．in a newspaper3．If you buy four books (one for each), how much can you save?A．$92.00. B．$26.00.C．$66.00. D．$110.00.4．Who is the writer of The Mystery of Breathing?A．Annie Keble B．Patricia CornwellC．Peril Klaus D．Harlan Cohen5．How much will you save if you buy The Best of the Song Books and Bookmarks by Phillips? A．＄39 B．＄13C．＄52 D．＄40C15、School Report1．This is a________.A．studying plan of AlanB．teaching plan of SusanC．school report of Alan2．Which subject is NOT mentioned in the form?A．Chinese. B．Music. C．History. 3．Alan’s best subject is________.A．science B．English C．French 4．Alan is not so good at________.A．music and geographyB．history and FrenchC．maths and history5．According to the form, which of the following sentences is TRUE? A．Alan doesn’t do well in science.B．Alan can’t sing songs well.C．Alan studies two languages at school.D16、Are you an eating- lover? Do you want to eat every delicious food in the world? Then do you watch the popular program A Bite of China? It’s a TV program on Chinese delicious food which has been produced by CCTV. Is there any holiday that isn’t celebrated with special festival food? Here are several traditional Chinese foods: Noodles are a symbol of long life in Chinese culture. They are as much a part of Chinese birthday celebration as a birthday cake with its candles lit in many Western countries. Since noodles mean long life, it is considered very unlucky to cut it off.Although westerners sometimes may be very sorry to see fish lying on the plate, in China a whole fish is a symbol of richness. In fact, at a party it is a tradition to serve the whole fish last, pointed towards the most valued guest. Fish also has a special meaning because the Chinese word for fish, yu, sounds like the word for richness or plenty, and it is believed that eating fish will help your wishes come true in the year to come.A very popular dish during the Dragon Boat Festival is zongzi. This tasty dish is made of rice dumplings with meat, peanuts or other delicious food in bamboo leaves. The tradition of zongzi is meant to remind us of a great man, Qu Yuan in Chinese history.1．A Bite of China is ________.A．a magazine B．a newspaper C．a TV program2．According to the passage, in traditional Chinese culture, people will eat _______ on their birthdays.A．egg B．noodles C．cakes3．Fish has a special meaning in Chinese culture mainly because ________.A．It is served last at a partyB．it is pointed to the valued guestC．it sounds like the word yu in Chinese4．________ in the Dragon Boat Festival makes us think of Qu Yuan.A．Zongzi B．Meat C．Peanuts5．The article mainly talks about ________.A．Chinese food B．Chinese history C．Chinese languageE17、“Earworms”, some people call them. Songs that get stuck i n your head go round and round, sometimes for days, sometimes for months. For no clear reason you cannot help yourself from humming or singing a tune by Lady Gaga.To a psychologist, the most interesting thing about earworms is that they show a part of our mind that is clearly outsideof our control. Earworms arrive without permission and refuse to leave when we tell them to. They are parasites（寄生虫）, living in a part of our minds.If you have got a earworm you can suffer an attack of it simply by someone mentioning the tune, without having to hear it. This proves that earworms are a part of long-term memory.Human have an “inner ear”, for remembering phone numbers, for instance.When it gets infected with earworms, rather than review our plans for the day, or lists of things to remember, the inner ear gets stuck on a few short bars of music or a couple of phrases from a song. A part of us that we normally do not have to think about, that should just do what we ask, has been turned against us, upsetting us with a request that we never asked for. The mind is an inner world which we do not have complete knowledge of, or have control over.Fortunately psychology can provide some advice on how to deal with an uncontrollable mind. Consider the famous “don’t think of a white bear” problem, which tell you to try not to think about white bears or to do something else, to avoid both thinking of the white bear and not thinking of the white bear. For earworms, the solution may be the same. Our inner ear has become infected with an earworm. This is a part not under our control, so just sending in instructions to “shut up” is unlikely to be of much help (and has been shown to make it worse). Much better is to employ the inner ear in another task. If your mind is poisoned b y Brittany Spears’ Toxic, for instance, then try singing Kylie Minogue’s Can’t Get You Out Of My Head. Let me know if it works!1．According to the passage, earworms are ______.A．songs that keep going round in our mindB．tunes by pop singers like Lady GagaC．parasites clearly under our controlD．worms that live in a part of our brain2．Which of the following statement is TRUE?A．Singing songs may get earworms out of your head.B．Earworms are used for keeping long-term memory.C．Humans do not have complete control over their mind.D．Y ou won’t suffer from earworms unless you hear the song.3．What does “it” in the last paragraph refer to?A．The instruction to shut up your mind.B．“Don’t think of the white bear” problem.C．Kylie Minogue’s Can’t Get You out Of My head.D．The relation between earworms and popular songs.4．What is the passage mainly about?A．The causes and influences of earworms.B．What earworms are and how to deal with them.C．How to clear earworms from your head.D．The relation between earworms and popular songs.F18、Last summer I went to one of the world’s most famous historical places, the Forbidden City in Beijing, China. It was the home of the emperors (皇帝) of the last two dynasties (朝代) in China, the Ming and Qing Dynasties.The Forbidden City was built in 1,420. The palace has over 10,000 rooms. It was where the emperors dealt with the official business with their ministers (大臣).In Mandarin (普通话), the Forbidden City is called the Purple Forbidden City. However, the color of the palace itself is not purple. The color purple stands for power of the great emperors of China. It was so sacred (神圣的) that the common people could not even dream of ever going in.The emperor also had some of the largest festival celebrations at the Forbidden City. During Chinese New Year, the emperor would invite all the members of his family and his officials to a banquet. The banquet had a hundred and eight Chinese dishes. It was such an expensive banquet that it could feed a common family for three generations (三代人).Right now the Forbidden City is known as a historical site for tourists from all over the world. Everyone can go in there. It is a museum with priceless Chinese antiques (古董) and treasures in it.I really learned a lot about the Chinese culture and its history from this trip to the Forbidden City. It was like a dream which has come true. And I was excited to go on the trip and see the things that I had always wanted to see. 1．How long is the history of the Forbidden City?A．About 600 years. B．More than 600 years.C．1,420 years. D．Over 10,000 years.2．We call the palace the Purple Forbidden City because the color purple is the symbol for _______ of the emperor. A．power B．beauty C．interest D．health3．What’s the Chinese meaning of the word “banquet” in Paragraph 4?A．performance B．competition C．exhibition D．dinner party4．Which of the following is NOT TRUE about the Forbidden City in the passage?A．The emperor lived there.B．The wall of the Forbidden City was purple.C．It is a historical place for visiting.D．The emperor had festival celebrations there.5．In the passage, the writer wants to show us _______ of the Forbidden City by comparing its past with present. A．the beauty B．the treasuresC．the changes in use D．the building processⅤ.书面表达19、在“让梦想照进现实”的主题班会上，同学们畅谈了自己在初中的变化及种种经历。
辽宁省沈阳市2019-2020 学年度高二(下) 期末联考英语试题及答案(Word版有解析)
2019-2020 学年度(下) 期末考试高二年级英语试卷考试时间：100 分钟考试分数：150 分试卷说明：本试卷分第Ⅰ卷选择题（1－35 题，共65 分）和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题，36－47 题，共55 分)。
答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
作答时，将答案写在答题纸上，写在本试卷上无效。
第Ⅰ卷(选择题共65 分)第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50 分）第一节（共15 小题；每小题2.5 分，满分37.5 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C 和D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
AFinding the best lamp for study is important for everyone. In order to make full use of time and energy, and for the very important goal of preserving eyesight, anyone reading for understanding needs not only adequate light, but light that ensures reading with ease. Only when eye strain(疲劳) is not interfering(干扰的) does the learning process move forward.Desk lampsYou can purchase a large number of stylish desk lamps from lamp stores and online. The products range from precious ones to casual ones, from traditional ones to ultra-modern( 超现代的)ones. They feature such desirable additions as dimmer switches and night lights. Some have battery backup in case of power failure and a choice of OttLite bulbs that duplicate (复制) natural sunlight.LED desk lampsMet Efficient reviews the most recommended LED desk lamps. These lamps come in many different styles and brand names and are valued for their directed beam of light, lack of heat and exceptional energy efficiency and brilliance. LED study lamps are made in goose neck and swivel(转圈)styles, as well as the more modern Z-bar and the human-like- figure of the Moppel light.Safest desk lampsAccording to Knol, Study Lite is the safest of all desk lamp designs. Not only does it provide LED light, freeing people from UV and IR radiation, but it has been tested to be eye-friendly. It has all the advantages—low cost and long life—of any LED lamps, but it is also equipped with rechargeable battery. Its design and choice of colors make it desirable for more than its efficiency.1.What is the feature of Desk lamps?A.They are bought easily online.B. Their prices vary.C. Their styles are various.D. They have satisfactory additions.2.What do LED lamps and Study Lite lamps have in common?A.Low cost and long life.B.Excellent energy efficiency and brightness.C.Rechargeable batteries.D.Their design and color choice3.What is the main purpose of the text?A.To give us some tips on how to protect our eyes.B.To give us some information on the best study lamps.C.To introduce the method of choosing a proper lamp.D.To present the finding that light affects study.BGrowing up in England with a British father and a Chinese mother, I’ve enjoyed food from both countries ever since I was able to hold a knife and fork and chopsticks!Mum has sweet memories of the food from her home town in Sichuan, and often cooks spicy dishes. Thanks to this, Dad has come to love hot pot! But there are still some dishes that Dad dare not try even after many years of marriage to my mother. Even today he still does not take to eating things like chicken feet.But I enjoy that sort of food myself. Last week, I went to the butcher’s and asked, “Do you have pigs’ ears?” “No,” the butcher said, pulling at his own ears, “just these ordinary ones.” He must have thought I was joking.Dad can cook a super “full English breakfast” of bacon, eggs, beans, sausages and toast with butter. Mum and I just have to find a way to get him into the kitchen! He also does a typical Sunday roast. We all love roast beef and vegetables.I’ll never forget my first visit to China. Mum encouraged me to try different kinds of food. But just when I thought I could deal with all Chinese food, I came across stinky tofu, a horrible grey thing that looked and smelt like a burnt sports shoe. I gathered all my courage to take a bite and was amazed to find it wasn’t so bad. It reminded me of blue cheese, a similarly strong smelling type of food you either love or hate. Maybe I’ll fall in love with stinky tofu, someday.People say that one man’s meat is another man’s poison, but I feel at home with food from both my cultures.4.What can we learn from this passage?A.I have enjoyed the food from two cultures since a little child.B.Because of my Mum, Dad loves all kinds of Chinese food.C.We all like roast beef and vegetables except Mum.D.I have fallen in love the stinky tofu now.5.What is the character of the butcher?A. GenerousB. MeanC.HumorousD. Serious6.What does the underlined part in paragraph 2 probably mean?A. refuseB. likeC. allowD. mind7.What’s the main purpose of this passage?A.To introduce two different cultures.B.To advise the readers to try some different food.C.To show the different eating habits between China and Britain.D.To tell a story about a child of his eating experience.CWith more than two million videos on Youtube, cats are one of the most searched things on the Internet. A new exhibition called “How Cats Took Over The Internet”opened at the Museum of the Moving Image in New York. It looked at the history of how cats rose to Internet fame, and why people like them so much.Almost half of all original Youtube videos are of peoples pets，and around26billion views are just for cats, making them the single most popular category. Some cats have become famous and earned millions of pounds after their owners posted their pictures online.So how did cats become so popular?Since the Internet became widely used in the1990s, people have been sharing pictures of their cats via email. In 2005 one of Youtube’s co-founders Steve Chen posted a video of his cat called Pyjamas playing with a rope, making him the first person to upload a cat video to Youtube.In 2007 Eric Nakagawa and Kari Unebasami started a website sharing funny pictures of cats. The site quickly became popular, and users were able to upload pictures of their cats with writing over the top. It now has over 100 million views a month and has created a whole new form of communication on the Internet.Why cats?A scientific study has proved that looking at videos of cats can impr ove people’s mood. Assistant professor Jessica Gall Myrick from Indians University, America, asked 7,000 people how they felt before and after watching videos of cats. The results showed that people felt happier after watching videos of cats, and that they felt less anxious.The Internet has also been responsible for creating a number of famous cats such as Grumpy Cat, Lil BUB and Maru. They have appeared on lots of TV shows, advertisements and film festivals, and even have their own brands. Lil BUB even has her own charity, and has raised around $130, 000 for pets with special needs.8.What’s true about cats according to the text?A.Their fame is related to the widespread of the Internet and a relative website.B.Cat videos take up half of all the original Youtube videos.C.They are the first to be filmed among all the animals throughout the world.D.They earned millions with their videos in the 1990s.9.Why did Jessica make the study?A.To improve people’s mood and reduce people’s anxiety.B.To ask about people’s present feelings and living conditions.C.To find the effect of watching cat videos on people’s mood.D.To help people live their life to the fullest.10.What’s special about Lil BUB?A.She has the most videos online.B.She is popular at home and abroad.C.She has her own brands.D.She has her own charity.11.What’s the best title for the text?A.Cats become celebritiesB. Cat videos rule the InternetC. Watching cat videos countsD. Cats contributions to the worldDScientists think they have the answer to a puzzle that confused even Charles Darwin: How flowers evolved and spread to become the most important plants on earth.Flowering plants, or angiosperms (被子植物), make up about 90％of all living plant species, but how they did this has been a mystery. New research suggests it is due to genome size.Hundreds of millions of years ago, the earth was dominated by ferns and conifers. Then, about 150 million years ago, the first flowering plants appeared on earth. They quickly spread to all parts of the world.Why angiosperms were successful and diverse on earth has been debated for centuries. Charles Darwin himself called it a “mystery”, fearing this apparent sudden change might challenge his theory of evolution.Kevin Simonin from San Francisco State University in California US and other researchers analyzed data held by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, on the genome size of hundreds of plants, including flowering plants, gymnosperms (a group of plants including conifers) and ferns. They then compared genome size with structural features. This provides “strong evidence” that the success and rapid spread of flowering plants around the world is due to “genome downsizing”.By reducing the size of the genome, which is contained within the nucleus( 核) of the cell, plants can build smaller cells. The researchers say genome-downsizing happened only in the angiosperms, and this was “a necessary condition for rapid growth rates among land plants”.12.What do we know about angiosperms?A.They are superior in number among all plant species.B.They controlled the earth for hundreds of millions of years.C.They challenge Charles Darwin’s t heory.D.They are extinct plants in the world.13.It can be implied that .A.Simonin works in the Royal Botanic Gardens KewB.Simonin is probably an American biologistC.Darwin was confident of his theory of evolutionD.Darwin succeeded in figuring out the flower evolution14.What contributed to the success and diversity of angiosperms?A.The weaker ferns and conifer.B.The larger nucleus.C.The stronger cell.D.The smaller genome.15.What can be a suitable title of this passage?A.Why were gymnosperms successful on earth?B.What puzzle confused even Charles Darwin?C.How angiosperms dominated the earth?D.When angiosperms outnumbered conifers and Ferns?第二节（共5 小题；每小题2.5 分，满分12.5 分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
2020届辽宁省沈阳市第一二〇中学高二下英语第四次质量 检测试题
2020届辽宁省沈阳市第一二〇中学高二下英语第四次质量检测试题考试时间：100 分钟满分：150 分第一部分阅读理解(共两节,满分50 分)第一节（共15 小题，每题 2.5 分，共37.5 分）阅读下列短文，从每篇短文后所给各题的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
ADo you like travelling? Do you want to get some information about it? If so, don‘t miss the following books about travelling.Journeys of a LifetimeAdapted from the favorite trips of National Geographic Society‘s travel writers, Journeys of a Lifetime crosses the globe to show the world‘s most famous as well as little-known destinations. It presents lots of possibilities, from ocean voyages around Antarctica to horse riding in the Andes. Every continent and every possible form of transport is covered.Download: 653Read: 1,083Destinations of a LifetimeDestinations of a Lifetime takes you on a photographic tour of the world‘s most impressive destinations. Hundreds of the most amazing places—both natural and man-made are decorated with vivid photos taken by the world-class photographers. Destinations of a Lifetime includes all the information: when to go, where to eat, where to stay, and what to do to ensure the most interesting experience.Download: 599Read: 917World’s Best Travel ExperiencesThe popular actor and award-winning travel writer Andrew McCarthy writes the foreword( 序言) to this great book. It offers 400 excellent destinations chosen by National Geographic‘s family. This broad, general interest travel title will appeal to active travelers looking for the next great trip as well as to many readers who simply love dreaming of visiting faraway and peaceful destinations.Download: 839Read: 1, 295Lonely Planet’s Ultimate TravelThis collection of the 500 most unmissable sights and attractions in the world has been ranked by Lonely Planet‘s global community. Big sights such as the Eiffel Tower and the Taj Mahal compete for a prized place in the top 10, making this the only list yo u‘ll ever need.Download: 199Read: 1,0231.In which book can you learn about some less famous destinations?A.Journeys of a Lifetime.B. Destinations of a Lifetime.C. World’s Best Travel Experiences.D. Lonely Planet’s Ultimate Travel.2.What‘s special about Destinations of a Lifetime?A.It has many wonderful photos.B.It introduces horse riding in the Andes.C.It includes a list of top ten famous sights.D.It offers readers faraway and peaceful destinations.3.Which of the following books has the most readers?A.Journeys of a LifetimeB. Destinations of a LifetimeC. Lonely Planet’s Ultimate TravelD. World’s Best Travel ExperiencesBUminur Kuchukova of Russia could have retired years ago. Yet the 61-year-old teacher keeps working at a school in the Siberian village of Sibilyakovo. She continues to teach for one reason: the school‘s one and only student, a nine-year-old boy. Kuchukova is to leave next year for health problems, which means the school will close.Sibilyakovo is like thousands of villages across Russia: Many people moved out of it after the closure of the local state-operated collective farm. Sibilyakovo is mainly home to Tatars, aTurkic group that is one of many minorities in Russia. In the 1970s, the village had a population of 550 and a primary school with four classes. Each class had about 18 children. Today the village‘s population has shrunk to 39.Kuchukova has taught at the school for 42 years. She has bought a home in the town of Tara, about 50 kilometers away and plans to retire there with her husband at the end of the school year. By then, she hopes, her only student will be old enough to travel to a neighboring village for classes. But the nearest school is a 30-minute boat ride across the Irtysh River followed by a 20-minute ride on a school bus.Kuchukova does not think her student, Ravil, is ready yet for making such a trip every school day. ―His parents don‘t want to leave Sibilyakovo yet and it‘s scary to send a little boy like him over the Irtysh. T here are such big waves,‖ she says.And even when she herself will finally retire and go to live in Tara, Kuchukova will not leave her past behind, saying, ―My parents are buried here; a part of me is her e.‖4.Why did so many people leave Sibilyakovo?A.Because there was no good school.B.Because they wanted to make a living.C.Because it wasn‘t comfortable to live there.D.Because they hated working on the local farm.5.How does Kuchukova feel when it comes to Ravil?A.Guilty.B. Hopeful.C. Proud.D. Worried.6.Which of the following best describe Kuchukova as a teacher?A.Selfless and confident.B. Careful and positive.C. Patient and determined.D. Responsible and caring.7.What does the last paragraph convey?A.Kuchukova‘s love for Tara.B. Kuchukova‘s plan for future.C. Kuchukova‘s bond with the village.D. Kuchukova‘s memory of her parents.CCompetitive team games in which men test their strength and bravery against others are universal across the world and they are believed to have deep roots in our evolutionary past. All of these activities suggest motivation to practice skills involved in survival defense, says MichelleScalise, lead author of a study in Springer‘s journal Human Nature.Play behavior in humans and other animals is thought to be a way to develop, practice, and improve skills that are critical for survival or reproduction. Chase games, for instance, build stamina and speed, which is helpful in survival defense. Similarly, hitting things with sticks and bran ches, which is similar to today‘s hockey, not only improves one‘s strength, but practices his response to dangers. Although many animals play fighting, only people do so in teams. The study‘s findings suggest that team play fighting is not a recent invent ion of agricultural societies.In order to get reliable evidence for this, Scalise and her colleagues researched how widespread Local forms of team play fighting were among hunter-gatherer societies, and whether these games practice skills used in survival defense. This type of play involves the use of matched action and normal physical force by two opposing teams. Each of the two teams attempts to attain a predetermined physical objective, such as scoring a goal, while preventing the opposing team from doing the same.Activities using sticks to hit objects were the most common game type, followed by games involving kicking and games similar to rugby. The researchers also found many examples of activities involving running and throwing. These physical skills mirror those used by hunter-gatherers when defending themselves against other groups. Michelle Scalise says that team play fighting may have served as a practice ground for learning how to manage striking, blocking, kicking and throwing among team members. They are all in an effort to increase the chances of success and reduce the chances of injury during potential survival defense.8.Why did our ancestors originally do competitive team activities?A.To test their strength and bravery.B. To protect themselves from attacks.C. To exercise their stamina and speed.D. To prepare for physical competitions.9.What is the characteristic of team games?A.They are only practiced by humans.B. They appear in relatively simple forms.C. They require people to have many skills.D. They‘ve evolved from animal behavior.10.Which of the following games might have been the most popular one in the past?A.Football.B. Basketball.C. Hockey.D. Running.11.What does the passage mainly want to show?petitive team games have ancient roots.petitive games are better played in teams.C.Ancient people carried out various physical games.D.Team sports have changed a lot with human development.DThough it has been over a century since RMS Titanic sank after hitting an iceberg, modern-day ships remain weak in such disasters. Recently, a sightseeing boat and another ran into each other on the Danube River. Then the sightseeing boat lost its balance, leading to its capsizing, and soon it sank, killing dozens of tourists aboard. Now, Chunlei Gao‘s team have found a way to avoid such disasters, with a water-resistant metal that can stay afloat.The team began by creating tiny grooves (凹槽) on a metal surface through laser blasts (激光冲击波). The air trapped inside the tiny grooves helped form a protective barrier around the metal surface, causing water to slide off. But the technique worked for only short periods. Friction with water for a longer time would cause the metal to lose its ability to resist water.To find a solution, the researchers turned to insects—specifically arachnids and fire ants. The arachnids spend their entire lives underwater. To gain oxygen, they carry a bubble of air with them inside a web that sits between their legs and bellies. When the air runs out, arachnids simply return to the water‘s surface and create another bubble. Though fire ants don‘t live underwater, they are known to survive floods by linking their bodies close together. This helps trap air between the insects‘ legs and allows them to stay afloat for long.The insect-inspired unsinkable metal consists of two laser-blasts-treated aluminum surfaces. Facing each other, they are connected with a small central pole at a distance carefully measured to trap the maximum amount of air. The researchers, who tested the metal‘s resilience (恢复力) by weighing it down underwater for two months, said it jumped back to the surface as soon as the load was removed. And thanks to the air between the surfaces, it stayed afloat even after they drilled six big holes in the surfaces.―Though we used aluminum, our way would be equally effective for other metals and materials. This could lead to unsinkable ships, wearable flotation equipment and even electronic monitoring equipment that can survive long in the ocean,‖ said Gao.12.What does the underlined word ―capsizing‖ in Paragraph 1 most probably mean?A.Breaking down.B. Turning over. C Falling apart. D. Pulling up.13.What ability do arachnids and fire ants have according to the text?ing objects in the water to let them float.B.Connecting each other‘s body close together.C.Taking advantage of their bodies to survive in water.D.Holding a large number of air bubbles inside their legs.14.What does Paragraph 4 mainly focus on?A.Gao‘s team‘s design and its performance.B.Gao‘s team‘s creative ideas in their research.C.Gao‘s team‘s tests on their metal‘s water resistance.D.Gao‘s team‘s observations of arachnids and fire ants.15.What can we learn from Chunlei Gao‘s words?A.Ships had better consist of aluminum.B.Their study can improve the safety of ships.C.They still face many challenges in their study.D.Ships should have wearable flotation equipment.第二节（共5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分12.5 分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020年沈阳市第二中学高三英语第四次联考试题及答案解析
2020年沈阳市第二中学高三英语第四次联考试题及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AElectric Shocks Can Be FatalGovernment statistics recently showed that in theUK, more than 3,000 people a year experience electric shocks in their homes. A smaller number of people are killed after they touch the power lines outside their homes. Electric shocks can cause a person's heart or breath to stop and are potentially fatal. It is essential for people to learn basic techniques to deal with such emergencies.What to do?● If you are the first person to reach someone who has an electric shock, don't touch him or her!● If the victim is still holding the appliance that gives him or her the shock (e.g. a hair dryer), unplug it or turn off the power at its source.Under no circumstances can you try to move the appliance with your hands!● Ifyou can't turn off the power, use a piece of wood, like a broom handle or a chair, to separate the victim from the appliance or the power source. You may even be able to do this with a folded newspaper.● The victim must remain lying down. If he or she isunconscious, the victim should be placed on his or her side. But he or she should not be moved if there is a possibility of neck or spine injuries unless it is ly necessary.● It is essential to maintain the victim's body heat, so make sure you cover him or her with a blanket before you do anything else. If the victim is not breathing, apply mouth-to-mouth resuscitation (人工呼吸). Keep the victim's head low until professional help arrives.● If the electric shock has been caused by an external power line, the dangers to the victim and to anybody providing first aid are much greater.1. What kind of passage is it?A. An advertisement.B. A horror story.C. A news report.D. First aid emergency advice.2. The underlined sentence implies that ________.A. you should move the applianceB. you should pick up the appliance and turn off the electricityC. it is very dangerous to touch the appliance with your handsD. it is unnecessary to unplug the appliance with your hands3. When a person has got an electric shock, you should ________.A. separate the victim from the appliance and let him sit upB. keep the victim warm and help him or her breathe againC. move the victim onto his or her side if he or she has got neck injuriesD. keep the victim's head high until professional help arrivesBDistinguished Baltimore artist John D. Ferguson died Sept 16. The Catonsville resident was 81.“His artist eye was in everything he did. His life was art and his family,” said Jennifer C. Jackson, who was Mr. Ferguson's friend for nearly three decades.” He was a lovable man who was always willing to talk about any topic he was interested in. At shows, people would go crazy for his work,” Ms. Jackson said. “He was also an enthusiastic sailor who loved nothing more than being on the water.” “His sculptures were just memorable,” said Mr. Lund, a Washingtonian. “I used to say, ‘Ferguson, I don't think you know how to do anything that is less than monumental.’”Mr. Ferguson earned a bachelor's degree in 1961 at Holy Cross University, where he developed an interest in painting. He served in the Army for two years until being discharged in 1963, and after studying briefly at the Boston Museum School, registered at the Chicago Art Institute, where he studied until 1966, when he entered the University of Illinois Chicago, where he obtained a bachelor's degree in 1966 in fine arts. Mr. Ferguson developed his interest and skills as a sculptor after moving to Baltimore to do further studies at the Maryland Institute College of Art's Rinehart School of Sculpture, from which he graduated in 1971 with a master's degree in fine arts.“Over the years my work has moved gradually in the direction of elegance and simplicity,” Mr. Ferguson wrote in his artist statement. “Heavy, bulbous forms have been replaced by dancing, winglike forms. The welding process and respect for the qualities of the materials are interrelated and affect the final piece. “Most of the sculptures that are pictured in my works are made from steel, silicon bronze, and to Cor-Ten steel; shaped to create these beautiful and unique pieces of art. As you can see, my sculptures range in size anywhere from 12 inches to 30 feet or larger.”Through the years, his work found its way into such major public and private collections. “They encourage optimism, for they show strength and affirmation; there's nothing negative, depressing or anxiety-ridden about them”, wrote the late art critic John Dorsey in a 1997 exhibition review.4. What did Mr. Lund think of Ferguson?A. Likeable.B. Ordinary.C. Unwelcome.D. Interesting.5. What did Mr. Ferguson do first after serving in the army?A. He studied at the Boston Museum School.B. He got a bachelor's degree in fine arts.C. He entered the University of Illinois Chicago.D. He continued his studies at the Maryland Institute College.6. What influences the final sculptures?A. An even larger scale than before.B. The material comprised of metalsC. The shape of elegance and simplicity.D. Welding process as well as material quality.7. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?A. A stylish, stubborn old manB. Sculptures towering into the cloudsC. JohnD. Ferguson—a famous sculpturer D. The evolution of the sculptural styleCTrees are “social creature” that communicate with each other in cooperative ways that hold lessons for humans, too, ecologist Suzanne Simard says. Simard grew up in Canadian forests as a child of loggers before becoming an ecologist. She's now a professor of forest ecology at theUniversityofBritish Columbia.Trees are linked to neighboring trees by a network of fungi below the surface of the earth that resembles the nervous networks in the brain, she explains. In one study, Simard watched as a Douglas fir tree that had been injured by insects appeared to send chemical warning signals to a pine nearby. The pine tree then produced defense enzymes to protect against the insect.“This was a breakthrough,” Simard says. The trees were sharing “information that actually is important to the health of the whole forest.”In addition to warning each other of danger, Simard says that trees have been known to share nutrients at critical times to keep each other healthy. She says the trees in a forest are often linked to each other via an older tree she calls a “mother” or “hub” tree.“In connecting with all the trees of different ages, the mother trees can actually ease the growth of these young trees,” she says. “The young trees will link into the network of the old trees and benefit from that hugeresource capacity. And the old trees would also pass a little bit of carbon and nutrients and water to the young trees, at crucial times in their lives, that actually help them survive.”The study of trees took on a new resonance for Simard when she suffered from breast cancer. During her treatment, she learned that one of the medicines she relied on was actually obtained from what some trees produce for their own mutual defense. She explains her research on cooperation in the forest, and shares her personal story in the new bookFinding the Mother Tree: Discovering the Wisdom of theForest.8. How could a Douglas fir tree send chemical warning signals to a pine nearby?A. By an underground network of fungi.B. By the nervous networks in the brain.C. By making cooperation with each other.D. By holding lessons to it as human beings.9. According to Simard, what was a breakthrough?A. Simard was-brought up in Canadian forests.B. She became a professor of forest ecology.C. The pine tree produced defense enzymes.D. Vital information was shared among trees.10. What helped Simard understand trees further?A. Her rich knowledge of trees.B. Her childhood in the forest.C. Her medicine gained from trees.D. Her research on cooperation.11. In Simard's book we may discover the wisdom of the forest except .A. communicating cooperativelyB. warning each other of dangerC. sharing nutrientsat critical timesD. sacrificing mother trees for survivalDCoke was introduced by the Coca Cola company in 1886, making it a rather true andtested favorite of generations of people in over 200 countries. This list should give you some ideas on how to get more from your coke than usual.. Coca Cola is an excellent rust buster (除锈剂). If you have a bunch of small rusty objects, put them in coke overnight and give them a goodscrubin the morning. Coke helps to break down the rust, making cleaning much easier. Be sure to throw out the used coke when you are done with it or you might be taking a trip to the doctor.. Like the previous item, the citric acid (柠檬酸) in coke makes for an excellent window cleaner. This isespecially useful for car windows. Pour a can of coke over the window and rub the window, then wipe it off with a wet cloth to remove any sugary matter from the sugar in the drink. As coke is fullof sugar, you should clean the sticky matter off the window glasses, or it will be not a cleaner but a dirt.. For those of you who live in areas where skunk (臭鼬) smells can be an issue from time to time, one can of coke added to water with detergent (清洁剂) really helps to break the smell down. If you have been sprayed, stand in the shower and cover yourself from head to toe with coke — wait for a few minutes, then wash yourself with a shower. Coke is an excellent hair treatment so you get two tips for the price of one with this item!. Pots can sometimes get black on the bottom. The black is almost impossible to remove; this is caused by over-cooking. To remove the black and renew your pot, pour in a can of coke (or as much as you need to cover the blackened area by an inch) and put it on the stove on a low heat. After an hour or so, wash the pot as normal.12. What does the underlined word “scrub”in Paragraph 2 probably mean?A. Start.B. Cleaning.C. Shake.D. Example.13. What is important while using coke to clean car windows?A. Use a dry cloth.B. Rub the window lightly.C. Don’t pour too much coke.D. Clean the sugary matter thoroughly.14. For which purpose does coke have to be mixed with other material?A. To get rid of the black on the pot.B. To breakdown the rust,C. To remove smells.D. To clean windows.15. What type of writing is this text?A. An advertisement.B. A review.C. A news report.D. A practical guide.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020年沈阳市第二中学高三英语第四次联考试卷及答案解析
2020年沈阳市第二中学高三英语第四次联考试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AThree Things to Do Before You Are 18Are you bored with your daily life? Here are some things you should try before you are 18.★Learn to swimSeriously, this is so important that it can save your life. If you can’t swim well, you won’t be able to dowater sports like waterskiing, surfing and diving. Even taking a boat trip will be dangerous for you. Make sure you do it.★Try at least one kind of team sportsBeing a good team player is an important skill in life. You can’t just think of yourself, but have to work well with other people. Other advantages of team sports like basketball, football and baseball are that they keep you fit and healthy, and they are also great fun. Teams usually have a good social life too—you’ll go to lots of parties and make many friends.★Collect somethingOne of the best hobbies for under-18s is collecting things. You could collect kinds of stamps, or you could collect things that make you remember what you have done, like cinema tickets for films you have seen or letters from friends. The best way to collect is to have a special album to put your collection in and to write what each thing means to you. That way you won’t forget.1. The most important reason for learning to swim is that ________.A. you might feel wellB. it can make you healthyC. you might easily do lots of thingsD. it can save your life2. The writer tells us that one of the best hobbies is to ________ .A. collect somethingB. do some water sportsC. send letters to your friendsD. play basketball with your friends23. The passage is mainly about ________before you are 18.A. good habits to keepB. skills to haveC. things to doD. sports to playBA crew（全体成员）of six teenage girls completed a nine-day sailing trip in the US recently, after having seasickness and strong winds.For the past three years, the Sea Cadet teenagers whoset sail were all male. Roger Noakes, who captained（担任队长）the boat, said this was the first time he’d taken out an all-female crew.The girls asked for an all-girls trip in August this year. The crew set sail along with three adults, Noakes and two Sea Cadet representatives. The original plan was for the girls to sail 24 hours a day in rotating shifts（轮流换班）along the coast and then return. Things turned out differently, however. “The first night was difficult because the wind was really hard. The waves were going up and down,” said Abby Fairchild,16. “Everybody got seasick.” Noakes gave the girls the choice of just sailing in the bay and not going into open water. “But they decided they were going.”The teenagers then sailed a long way overnight and slept in shifts. “We’ve learned everything from controlling the boat to putting up the sails while we have rough seas,” said 15-year-old Olivia Wilcox.The teenagers stopped on land in Massachusetts. They didn’t make it to their original destination（目的地）in Maine, where they were supposed to have a celebratory dinner, due to the weather and winds. They said they weren’t disappointed, however, as they’d learned a lot. “They learned about boating, and above all, they built confidence and character,” said Noakes.4. What was special about the Sea Cadet trip this year?A. It was the longest sailing trip ever.B. It was the first all-female-crew sailing trip.C. It was the most dangerous sailing trip ever.D. It was the first sailing trip for teenagers.5. What happened on the crew’s first day of the trip?A. They all felt sick on the boat.B. Some of them were hurt.C. Their boat was out of control.D. They went into open water by mistake.6. Which of the following best describes these young sailors?A. Strong-minded and having a strong sense of teamwork.B. Hard-working and having great leadership skills.C. Understanding and creative.D. Adventurous and skillful.7. According to Noakes, what was the sailors’ greatest benefit from the trip?A. They knew the sea better.B. They made many friends.C. They got excellent sailing skills.D. They developed good personalities.CWhen you walk on a sandy beach, it takes more energy than striding down a sidewalk — because the weight of your body pushes into the sand. Turns out, the same thing is true for vehicles driving on roads. The weight of the vehicles creates a very shallow indentation (凹陷) in the pavement (路面) — and it makes it such that it’s continuously driving up a very shallow hill.Jeremy Gregory, a sustainability scientist at M.I.T. and histeam modeled how much energy could be saved — and green-house gases avoided — by simply stiffening (硬化) the nation’s roads and highways. And they found that stiffening 10 percent of the nation’s roads every year could prevent 440 megatons of carbon dioxide equivalent emissions over the next five decades — enough to offset half a percent of projected transportation sector emissions over that time period. To put those emissions savings into context — that amount is equivalent to how much CO2 you’d spare the planet by keeping a billion barrels of oil in the ground — or by growing seven billion trees — for a decade.The results are in the Transportation Research Record.As for how to stiffen roads? Gregory says you could mix small amounts of synthetic fibers orcarbon nanotubes into paving materials. Or you could pave with cement-based concrete, which is stiffer than asphalt (沥青).This system could also be a way to shave carbon emissions without some of the usual hurdles. Usually, when it comes to reducing emissions in the transportation sector, you’re talking about changing policies related to vehicles and also driver behavior, which involves millions and millions of people — as opposed to changing the way we design and maintain our pavements. That’s just on the order of thousands of people who are working in transportation agencies. And when it comes to retrofitting (翻新) our streets and highways —those agencies are where the rubber meets the road.8. Why does the author mention “walk on a sandy beach” in paragraph 1?A. To present a fact.B. To make a contrast.C. To explain a rule.D. To share an experience.9. What suggestion does the author give to reduce CO2 emissions?A. Hardening the road.B. Keeping oil in the ground.C. Growing trees for decades.D. Improving the transportation.10. What is the advantage of this suggestion?A. Gaining more support.B. Consuming less money.C. Involving more people.D. Facing fewer usual obstacles.11. What does the underlined part mean in the last paragraph?A.Those agencies are likely to make more rules.B. Those agencies will change some related policies.C. Those agenciesmight put more rubber tires on the roads.D. Those agencies will play a key role in making this happen.DImust have always known reading was very important because the first memories I have as a child deal with books. There was not one night that I don’t remember mom reading me a storybook by my bedside. I was extremely inspired by the wonderful way the words sounded.I always wanted to know what my mom was reading. Hearing mom say, “I can’t believe what’s printed in the newspaper this morning,” made me want to grab it out of her hands and read it myself. I wanted to be like my mom and know all of the things she knew. So I carried around a book, and each night, just to be like her, I would pretend to be reading.This is how everyone learned to read. We would start off with sentences, then paragraphs, and then stories. It seemed an unending journey, but even as a six-year-old girl I realized that knowing how to read could open many doors. When mom said, “The C-A-N-D-Y is hidden on the top shelf,” I knew where the candy was. My progress in reading raised my curiosity, and I wanted to know everything. I often found myself telling my mom to drive more slowly, so that I could read all of the road signs we passed.Most of my reading through primary, middle and high school was factual reading. I read for knowledge, and to make A’s on my tests. Sometimes, I would read a novel that was assigned, but I didn’t enjoy this type of reading.I liked facts, things that are concrete. I thought anything abstract left too much room for argument.Now that I’m growing and the world I once knew as being so simple is becoming more complex, I find myself needing a way to escape. By opening a novel, I can leave behind my burdens and enter into a wonderful andmysterious world where I am now a new character. In these worlds I can become anyone. I don’t have to write down what happened or what technique the author was using when he or she wrote this. I just read to relax.We’re taught to read because it’s necessary for much of human understanding. Reading is an important part of my life. Reading satisfies my desire to keep learning. And I’ve found that the possibilities that lie within books are limitless.12. Why did the author want to grab the newspaper out of mom’s hands？A. She wanted mom to read the news to her.B. She couldn’t wait to tear the newspaper apart.C. She couldn’t help but stopmom from reading.D. She was eager to know what had happened.13. According to Paragraph 3, the author’s reading of road signs shows___________.A. her own way to find herselfB. her eagerness to develop her reading abilityC. her growing desire to know the world around herD. her effort to remind mom to obey traffic rules14. The author takes novel reading as a way to___________.A. explore a mysterious landB. develop an interest in learningC. get away from a confusing worldD. learn about the adult world15. What could be the best title for the passage？A The Pleasure of Reading B. Growing Up with ReadingC. The Magic of ReadingD. Reading Makes a Full Man第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020年沈阳市第二十二中学高三英语第四次联考试卷及答案解析
2020年沈阳市第二十二中学高三英语第四次联考试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ABrooklyn Botanic GardenBrief IntroductionThe Brooklyn Botanic Garden (BBG) was acquired by the city of Brooklyn in 1854 along with the land that is Prospect Park.There are so many gardens on display at the BBG that is honestly hard to keep count ofthem. There’s the Japanese Hill and Pond Garden, the Osborne Garden, the Shakespeare Garden... you get the point. Each garden that is displayed will be showing off a different group of amazing plants that come m all sorts of color1 s and sizes. The Brooklyn Botanic Garden offers something for the entire family. They even have a Children’s Garden for the little ones.AttractionsJapanese Hill and Pond GardenOne of the most frequency visited gardens at BBG, the Japanese Hill and Pond Garden is certainly a favorite among visitors. This garden features a variety of styles as well as beautiful scenery with a viewing pavilion (亭子) and a waterfall. The Shogun Lantern featured in the Japanese Hill and Pond Garden is over 500 years old. It was given to the Brooklyn Botanic Garden as a gift from the city of Tokyo.Children’s GardenChildren have been planting plants at the Brooklyn Botanic Garden since 1914 and continue their efforts today. Currently, there are over a thousand children contributing to the Children’s Garden.Shakespeare GardenFor those who have fallen in love with the works of Shakespeare, this will be a garden that they can truly appreciate. Over 80 plants that have been mentioned in the writing of Shakespeare currently grow in the Shakespeare Garden.Getting to Brooklyn Botanic GardenBrooklyn Botanic Garden: 900 Washington Avenue, Brooklyn, NY 11225Closest Subway: Prospect Park/ Eastern Parkway/ Franklin AvenueBus Tour Stops: Stop 34 or 35 Brooklyn routeOpening Times15 March— 6 November：Tuesday—Friday: 8:00 am—6:00 pm; Saturday—Sunday: 10:00 am—6:00 pm8 November —11 MarchMonday—Friday: 8:00 am—4:30 pm; Saturday —Sunday: 10:00 am—4:30 pm1.Where can visitors enjoy a waterfall?A.Osborne Garden.B.Shakespeare Garden.C.Children’s Garden.D.Japanese Hill and Pond Garden.2.How can visitors go to the Brooklyn Botanic Garden?A.By taking a bus to Prospect Park.B.By taking a bus to 34 Washington Avenue.C.By taking the subway to Franklin Avenue.D.By taking the subway to Stop 35 on the Brooklyn route.3.When can Nancy visit the Brooklyn Botanic Garden in December?A.5:00 pm on Thursday.B.8:30 am on Wednesday.C4:3 0 pm on Friday. D.9:00 am on Saturday.BIf you have ever tried to catch a resting butterfly, you know it is surprisingly difficult. A new study helps explain why.Previous research had suggested that a butterfly's overhead wing clap forces the insect forward. Researchers thought the wing clap likely formed a pocket of air that shoots out like a jet, but no one had tested that until now.To understand their flight, they placed six butterflies one at a time inside a wind tunnel which was filled with smoke and then used a laser to light up the smoke just behind the butterfly. Four high-speed cameras were placed in the tunnel to take photos of the movement of the butterfly and the-smoke as the butterfly was taking off. This let the researchers create a 3D picture of that air movement as the insect flapped its wings.They observed a total of 25 takeoffs by six butterflies. Each included up to three wing beats after takeoff.The butterflies proved more likely to clap their wings together during the first few wing beats than later in flight.The photos show that forces created by the wings give rise to a flight path. The butterflies rise as their wings move down and shoot forward as their wings move up. A wing clap on takeoff, paired with a quick tum, allowedthe butterflies to fly away quickly. They also noticed the wings formed an air pocket just before clapping and that the wings' flexibility and this pocket improved the jet force created by the clap.“The study is exciting,” says Ayodeji Bode-Oke, a mechanical engineer in Charlottesville. That means “we have solved the longtime puzzle about how butterflies fly, and it proves nothing is impossible on the road of scientific research. I can't wait to learn about how the study might inform designs for small aerial vehicles.”4. Why was laser used in the experiment?A. To frighten the butterflies into lying.B. To help researchers observe the butterflies.C. To help take clear photos of air movement.D. To guide the butterflies through the smoke.5. What is the finding of the research-according to paragraph 5?A. Butterflies fly forward as wings move down.B. An air pocket forms after butterflies clap wings.C. Butterflies beat wings three times before taking off.D. Upward wing movements help butterflies fly forward.6. According to the writer, the finding of the research can be used for .A. helping catch a resting butterfly more easilyB. helping do research on other butterfly-like insectsC. helping provide inspiration for making small flying vehiclesD. helping widen the applications of small flying vehicle7. What can be the best title for the text?A. Why Can Butterflies Fly Like a Jet?B. How Can Butterflies Make Wing Claps?C. How Can Butterflies Make Quick Tums?D. Why Can Butterflies Run Away Quickly?CRecycling plastic has always been a stop-start effort, and the wide variety of plastics we produce, the pollution from waste, and other limitations make recycling an economic(经济) problem. It’s estimated(估计)only 9% of plastic ever created has been recycled. But with the help of a chemical process, Canadian Miranda Wang and her company BioCellection want to change that.Stability is one of plastic greatest qualities and downside. There's limited evidence that some plastics can biodegrade (生物降解)but largely photo-plastics degrade in the sun. It’s a long process, and the truth is that we can only estimate how long it takes. Wang is looking to break the inaction and BioCellection's task is to make most plastic waste recyclable.She outlines two current methods. One is to take plastics like water bottles, wash them, cut them, melt and reconstitute them. “That's a very limited process” she says, due to the requirement that plastics be “clean” . The other, which can handle dirtier plastics and a level of pollution, is called hydrolysis(热解). Intense heat is applied to break down plastics so they can be reused as oils for energy, but “it’s not economical,’’ she says.BioCellection’s solution builds on research from over ten years ago, Wang explains, when a US studydiscovered pure polyethylene powder (聚乙烯粉)could be broken down by a catalyst (催化剂). Wang and her co-founder Jean hit upon a bacterium being able to eat plastic. In the years since, they engineered a comparable catalyst capable of doing the same job, only faster, which even works on plastics no one else can recycle at present. “We have now found a catalyst that is much cheaper than the one that was used before, Wang says.Currently focusing on plastic films like shopping hags, the three-hour process breaks clown plastic into chemicals that can act as the building blocks for more complex plastic products.“Right now we’re able to achieve about 70% transformation from plastic waste material to these chemicals,” she adds, saying they’re working to increase that figure.8. Why has so little plastic been recycled?A. Plastic is chemically stable.B. Recycling plastic led to pollution.C. We produced various plastics.D. Most photo-plastics degrade in the sun.9. What does Wang think of the two current methods?A. Highly effective and dynamic.B. Expensive and pollution-causing.C. Limited and energy-consuming.D. Widely used and recognized.10. What did BioCellection find effective to recycle plastics?A. Polyethylene powder.B. Chemical products.C. Plastic films.D. A catalyst.11. What is the text mainly about?A. Miranda Wang and her company.B. A new plastic recycling method.C. The greatest downside of plastic.D. Transformation of plastic waste.DEvery day in the United States animals are beaten, ignored, or forced to struggle for survival. Left in poor conditions with no food or water, they have little hope as they live out their days without the mercy they deserve. Some are found and rescued, given the chance to experience how great life and humans can be; others aren't so lucky. To grow as a nation, we must fight for these abused(受虐待的) animals’ rights and seriously punish heartless owners.One of the first steps in protecting animals and creating effective cruelty laws is to know what animal cruelty actually is. There are two categories: passive cruelty and active cruelty. The first involves acts of omission, meaning the abuse happens as a result of ignorance or lack of action. Passive cruelty might seem less serious, but that is not the case; it can lead to terrible pain and suffering, and finally death. Examples include starvation, inadequate shelter in extreme weather conditions, and the failure to get medical care. Passive cruelty is sometimes due to the owner's ignorance, so many animal control officers will first try to educate ignorant owners on how to properly care for animals before giving them a citation(传票) or putting them in prison.Active cruelty, on the other hand, is more well-known and disturbing. Sometimes referred to as non-accidental injury, this type of abuse involves purposeful harm on an animal in order to feel more powerful or gain control. Active cruelty against animals should be taken very seriously, since it can be a sign that a person has serious psychological issues and may commit more acts of violence---possibly against humans.It is hard to tell just what drives people to harm innocent animals. Most animal abusers find some sort of achievement or power in torturing a victim that they know can't fight back. While not all animal abusers become serial killers, it is important to take every case seriously.As a nation we need to make it our right to come together and ensure the safety of our beloved pets. As Margaret Mead once said, “Never doubt that a small group of thoughtful, committed citizens can change the world. Indeed, it is the only thing that ever has.”12. What is the first step to do with the passive cruelty abusers?A. To throw them into prison.B. To bring the case to the court.C. To teach them how to treat animals.D. To give them a strong warning.13. We can learn from Para.3 that active cruelty ______.A. is actually a sign of power or controlB. has been taken seriously in the nationC. may lead to serious psychological problemsD. may cause acts of violence against humans14. What is the author’s attitude towards animal cruelty?A. Uncertain.B. Doubtful.C. Concerned.D. Pessimistic.15. The author wrote this passage to ______.A. warn those heartless pet ownersB. tell people the harm of animal crueltyC. explain the reasons why people harm animalsD. call on people to fight for the abused animals第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
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2020届辽宁省沈阳市第一二〇中学高二下英语第四次质量检测试题考试时间：100 分钟满分：150 分第一部分阅读理解(共两节,满分50 分)第一节（共15 小题，每题 2.5 分，共37.5 分）阅读下列短文，从每篇短文后所给各题的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
ADo you like travelling? Do you want to get some information about it? If so, don‘t miss the following books about travelling.Journeys of a LifetimeAdapted from the favorite trips of National Geographic Society‘s travel writers, Journeys of a Lifetime crosses the globe to show the world‘s most famous as well as little-known destinations. It presents lots of possibilities, from ocean voyages around Antarctica to horse riding in the Andes. Every continent and every possible form of transport is covered.Download: 653Read: 1,083Destinations of a LifetimeDestinations of a Lifetime takes you on a photographic tour of the world‘s most impressive destinations. Hundreds of the most amazing places—both natural and man-made are decorated with vivid photos taken by the world-class photographers. Destinations of a Lifetime includes all the information: when to go, where to eat, where to stay, and what to do to ensure the most interesting experience.Download: 599Read: 917World’s Best Travel ExperiencesThe popular actor and award-winning travel writer Andrew McCarthy writes the foreword( 序言) to this great book. It offers 400 excellent destinations chosen by National Geographic‘s family. This broad, general interest travel title will appeal to active travelers looking for the next great trip as well as to many readers who simply love dreaming of visiting faraway and peaceful destinations.Download: 839Read: 1, 295Lonely Planet’s Ultimate TravelThis collection of the 500 most unmissable sights and attractions in the world has been ranked by Lonely Planet‘s global community. Big sights such as the Eiffel Tower and the Taj Mahal compete for a prized place in the top 10, making this the only list yo u‘ll ever need.Download: 199Read: 1,0231.In which book can you learn about some less famous destinations?A.Journeys of a Lifetime.B. Destinations of a Lifetime.C. World’s Best Travel Experiences.D. Lonely Planet’s Ultimate Travel.2.What‘s special about Destinations of a Lifetime?A.It has many wonderful photos.B.It introduces horse riding in the Andes.C.It includes a list of top ten famous sights.D.It offers readers faraway and peaceful destinations.3.Which of the following books has the most readers?A.Journeys of a LifetimeB. Destinations of a LifetimeC. Lonely Planet’s Ultimate TravelD. World’s Best Travel ExperiencesBUminur Kuchukova of Russia could have retired years ago. Yet the 61-year-old teacher keeps working at a school in the Siberian village of Sibilyakovo. She continues to teach for one reason: the school‘s one and only student, a nine-year-old boy. Kuchukova is to leave next year for health problems, which means the school will close.Sibilyakovo is like thousands of villages across Russia: Many people moved out of it after the closure of the local state-operated collective farm. Sibilyakovo is mainly home to Tatars, aTurkic group that is one of many minorities in Russia. In the 1970s, the village had a population of 550 and a primary school with four classes. Each class had about 18 children. Today the village‘s population has shrunk to 39.Kuchukova has taught at the school for 42 years. She has bought a home in the town of Tara, about 50 kilometers away and plans to retire there with her husband at the end of the school year. By then, she hopes, her only student will be old enough to travel to a neighboring village for classes. But the nearest school is a 30-minute boat ride across the Irtysh River followed by a 20-minute ride on a school bus.Kuchukova does not think her student, Ravil, is ready yet for making such a trip every school day. ―His parents don‘t want to leave Sibilyakovo yet and it‘s scary to send a little boy like him over the Irtysh. T here are such big waves,‖ she says.And even when she herself will finally retire and go to live in Tara, Kuchukova will not leave her past behind, saying, ―My parents are buried here; a part of me is her e.‖4.Why did so many people leave Sibilyakovo?A.Because there was no good school.B.Because they wanted to make a living.C.Because it wasn‘t comfortable to live there.D.Because they hated working on the local farm.5.How does Kuchukova feel when it comes to Ravil?A.Guilty.B. Hopeful.C. Proud.D. Worried.6.Which of the following best describe Kuchukova as a teacher?A.Selfless and confident.B. Careful and positive.C. Patient and determined.D. Responsible and caring.7.What does the last paragraph convey?A.Kuchukova‘s love for Tara.B. Kuchukova‘s plan for future.C. Kuchukova‘s bond with the village.D. Kuchukova‘s memory of her parents.CCompetitive team games in which men test their strength and bravery against others are universal across the world and they are believed to have deep roots in our evolutionary past. All of these activities suggest motivation to practice skills involved in survival defense, says MichelleScalise, lead author of a study in Springer‘s journal Human Nature.Play behavior in humans and other animals is thought to be a way to develop, practice, and improve skills that are critical for survival or reproduction. Chase games, for instance, build stamina and speed, which is helpful in survival defense. Similarly, hitting things with sticks and bran ches, which is similar to today‘s hockey, not only improves one‘s strength, but practices his response to dangers. Although many animals play fighting, only people do so in teams. The study‘s findings suggest that team play fighting is not a recent invent ion of agricultural societies.In order to get reliable evidence for this, Scalise and her colleagues researched how widespread Local forms of team play fighting were among hunter-gatherer societies, and whether these games practice skills used in survival defense. This type of play involves the use of matched action and normal physical force by two opposing teams. Each of the two teams attempts to attain a predetermined physical objective, such as scoring a goal, while preventing the opposing team from doing the same.Activities using sticks to hit objects were the most common game type, followed by games involving kicking and games similar to rugby. The researchers also found many examples of activities involving running and throwing. These physical skills mirror those used by hunter-gatherers when defending themselves against other groups. Michelle Scalise says that team play fighting may have served as a practice ground for learning how to manage striking, blocking, kicking and throwing among team members. They are all in an effort to increase the chances of success and reduce the chances of injury during potential survival defense.8.Why did our ancestors originally do competitive team activities?A.To test their strength and bravery.B. To protect themselves from attacks.C. To exercise their stamina and speed.D. To prepare for physical competitions.9.What is the characteristic of team games?A.They are only practiced by humans.B. They appear in relatively simple forms.C. They require people to have many skills.D. They‘ve evolved from animal behavior.10.Which of the following games might have been the most popular one in the past?A.Football.B. Basketball.C. Hockey.D. Running.11.What does the passage mainly want to show?petitive team games have ancient roots.petitive games are better played in teams.C.Ancient people carried out various physical games.D.Team sports have changed a lot with human development.DThough it has been over a century since RMS Titanic sank after hitting an iceberg, modern-day ships remain weak in such disasters. Recently, a sightseeing boat and another ran into each other on the Danube River. Then the sightseeing boat lost its balance, leading to its capsizing, and soon it sank, killing dozens of tourists aboard. Now, Chunlei Gao‘s team have found a way to avoid such disasters, with a water-resistant metal that can stay afloat.The team began by creating tiny grooves (凹槽) on a metal surface through laser blasts (激光冲击波). The air trapped inside the tiny grooves helped form a protective barrier around the metal surface, causing water to slide off. But the technique worked for only short periods. Friction with water for a longer time would cause the metal to lose its ability to resist water.To find a solution, the researchers turned to insects—specifically arachnids and fire ants. The arachnids spend their entire lives underwater. To gain oxygen, they carry a bubble of air with them inside a web that sits between their legs and bellies. When the air runs out, arachnids simply return to the water‘s surface and create another bubble. Though fire ants don‘t live underwater, they are known to survive floods by linking their bodies close together. This helps trap air between the insects‘ legs and allows them to stay afloat for long.The insect-inspired unsinkable metal consists of two laser-blasts-treated aluminum surfaces. Facing each other, they are connected with a small central pole at a distance carefully measured to trap the maximum amount of air. The researchers, who tested the metal‘s resilience (恢复力) by weighing it down underwater for two months, said it jumped back to the surface as soon as the load was removed. And thanks to the air between the surfaces, it stayed afloat even after they drilled six big holes in the surfaces.―Though we used aluminum, our way would be equally effective for other metals and materials. This could lead to unsinkable ships, wearable flotation equipment and even electronic monitoring equipment that can survive long in the ocean,‖ said Gao.12.What does the underlined word ―capsizing‖ in Paragraph 1 most probably mean?A.Breaking down.B. Turning over. C Falling apart. D. Pulling up.13.What ability do arachnids and fire ants have according to the text?ing objects in the water to let them float.B.Connecting each other‘s body close together.C.Taking advantage of their bodies to survive in water.D.Holding a large number of air bubbles inside their legs.14.What does Paragraph 4 mainly focus on?A.Gao‘s team‘s design and its performance.B.Gao‘s team‘s creative ideas in their research.C.Gao‘s team‘s tests on their metal‘s water resistance.D.Gao‘s team‘s observations of arachnids and fire ants.15.What can we learn from Chunlei Gao‘s words?A.Ships had better consist of aluminum.B.Their study can improve the safety of ships.C.They still face many challenges in their study.D.Ships should have wearable flotation equipment.第二节（共5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分12.5 分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。