中西饮食文化的差异 论文

Hunan Information Science V ocational CollegeGraduation ThesisSubject: A Comparison of Food Culture BetweenChina and Western CountriesName: Tang WenStudent No.: 1103020239Specialty and Class: Business English,Class 2Department: Department of Hunan and ArtsSupervisor: Fang leiyiDate:2014-3-16ContentsIntroduction (1)1.Introduction to Diet Idea (2)1.1Diet Idea in Western Countries (2)1.2Diet Idea in China (3)2.The Differences of Diet Object Between China and Western Countries (3)2.1Materials of Food (3)2.2Differences of Diet Object (4)2.2.1Chinese Food Advocates.. Vegetarianism (5)2.2.2Western Food Pay Attention to Nutrition (5)3.The Different Method Of Diet (6)3.1Dinning Way (6)3.2 Table Ware (6)3.3 Dinning Etiquette (7)4.The Future Prospects Of Chinese and Western Diet (8)Conclusion (9)Bibliography (10)Acknowledgements (11)摘要在悠久的历史文化中，中西方不同的思维方式和处世哲学造就了中西文化的差异，从而造就了中西方饮食文化的差异。

餐饮产品由于地域特征、气候环境、风俗习惯等因素的影响，会出现在原料、口味、烹调方法、饮食习惯上的不同程度的差异。

正因为这些差异，餐饮产品具有了强烈的地域性。

中华因素以食表意、以物传情，其博大精深不可言喻。

西方饮食精巧专维、自成体系。

中西饮食文化的差异来自中西方不同的思维方式和处世哲学。

在中国，烹饪师一种艺术;在西方，烹饪则是一种劳动。

关键词：文化；中餐；西餐；饮食方式，思维方式，口味，烹饪AbstractIn the long history of culture,Chinese and western different way of thinking and philosophy make the differences between Chinese and western culture,so as to make the differences between Chinese and western food culture. due to the geographical ,climate environment,customs and habits,the influence of such as will appear in raw material,taste,cooking method,eating habits on the different degree of difference.because of these differences,food and beverage products with a strong regional.the Chinese food to feed an ideographic,to love,its profound and unpredictable.China and the west diet culture difference from Chinese and western different way of thinking and philosophy,In china,cooking is an art.In the west,cooking is a kind of labor.Key word: culture;Chinese food;western food;Dietary mode;mode of thinking;test;cookingIntroductionBecause of different culture ,history, geography , etc, this is what produces the differences between Chinese and western food culture .with the speeding up of world economic globalization process, the contact between Chinese and western is more and more frequent, as an important entry point to open the Chinese and western people’s communication, to discuss china and the western diet culture difference becomes verry important.but scholars to research .concerning the food culture has not been given enough attention.Understand the difference between Chinese and western culture,helps to cultivate the ability to adapt in cross cultural communication of people to effectively avoid communication due to diet cultural differences and misunderstanding on both sides.China and western diet culture differences exist between what difference?whether the differences and what is the relationship between western and Chinese living habits and traditional culture? The future prospects of Chinese and western diet? For this,we launched and investigation.1、The Two Different Diet IdeaEastern and western countries had a different culture in different continents. In different culture, the notion of eating and eating way and thinking model appear more obvious.1.1 Diet Idea in Western CountriesChinese people pay attention to taste,westerners pay attention to nutrition. Pay attention to the “taste”of china, the west is a rational diet idea.No matter the food color, fragrance,taste,shape how to, and nutritional must be guaranteed, pay attention to how many calories a day intake,vitamins,protein and so on.Even the taste same ,also must continue to eat--because nutritious.This diet idea with western whole philosophy system is adapted. Metaphysics is the main characteristic of western philosophy.western philosophy concept, the object of study for things the concept is often metaphysical theory of things. Metaphysical academic coherent with each other, they form the metaphysical philosophy.this philosophy to western culture with life and make it in the natural science, psychology and methodology realized the development by leaps and bounds. But in other ways, this philosophy advocated greatly played the role of obstacles, such as food culture. On the banquet, can pay attention to tableware,pay attention to the materials, pay attention to service,in the form of exquisite dishes of raw materials, color collocation; but no matter how luxury, from Los Angeles to New york, the steak is only a kind of taste, no art to speak.As dishes,chicken is chicken, steak is steak, even if have a match, it is in session, comparative and bright color, but irrelevant, all kinds of raw materials on the taste,is simple and clear.1.2 Diet Idea in ChinaThe Chinese diet has its unique charm, the key lies in its taste. And delicious, is to reconcile, add the flavor of the sauce ingredients and auxiliary materials, and harmonic, woven and coordinate together. Unfortunately, when we put the pursuit of delicious as the frist requirement, we have ignored the nutritional value of food, a lot of our traditional foods are through hot fried and long time Tun cooking,make the nutrition ingredient of the dish, many nutrients are loss in the machining process.so,when it comes to nutrition problem, in fact just touch the biggest weakness of the Chinese diet culture.2、The Differences of Diet Object Between China and WesternCountriesWesterners with nomads, sailing nation’s cultural heritage, give priority to with fishing and hunting, breeding, to collect. Planting is complementary, hun vegetable more, eat, wear, use all to the animal. So westerners tend to eat the whole piece of meat, whole chickens. Chinese cuisine is taste is given priority to, so the Chinese cooking in materials also look great randomness: many westerners as a waste, are excellent raw materials in china, foreign chefs can’t handle things, one to a Chinese chef hands, can be changed decayed for magical.2.1 Materials of FoodBecause of the different philosophical thoughts of Chinese and western, westerners pay attention to science diet, heavy science is the pursuit of nutrition.So western diet nutrition as important, especially for food nutrients, protein, fat, carbohydrate, vitamins and all kinds of inorganic element content is tie-in and reasonable, whether these nutrients for dieters absorbed adequately, with or without other side effects.These questions are cooking in the university, and dishes color,aroma, taste,is secondary. Western diet leading countries-France, its diet culture while approximation with us in many ways, but when it comes to the nutritional problems, then the distance between both sides.Although we pay attention to diet therapy, eat the right food, nourishment,attention to diet to preserve one’s health,but cooking is in pursuit of delicious as the first requirement, cause many nutrient loss in the machining process. In recently, chefs in our country, cooking contest,the somebody else in a foodnutrition ingredient lists, we come up with this material. The people asking questions, also gaping,Westerners eat vegetables raw, not only the raw tomatoes, cucumbers, lettuce, cabbage, onion, broccoli,broccoli are eaten raw. So their “salad” like a plat of rabbit fodder, make us hard to accept. Modern Chinese also nutrition care, know vegetables upon heating, vitamins will be destroyed, so we advocate using a very quick.It has decreased the content of vitamin, but not completely loss, but the taste is more than rabbit fodder delicious.so,china’s modern cookery pursuit nutrition and taste the best balance of give attention to two or more things this,of course, also belong to a kind of “golden mean”.2.2 Materials of FoodWesterners belive that food is to appease hunger, so eat large pieces of meat, such as the whole piece of chicken “hard food”. And China’s cuisine is “taste”, so the Chinese cooking in materials also show great randomness:many westerners as outcast, are excellent raw materials in china, foreign chefs can’t handle things, one to a Chinese chef hands, it can be changed decayed for magical. It serves to show the Chinese diet in materials of the breadth of arbitrariness.2.2.1Chinese Food Advocates VegetarianismAccording to the survey of western plants scholar, Chinese people eat the plants of the more than 600, six times more than in the west. In fact, in the Chinese dishes, vegetarian dishes are common food, meat only on holidays or higher living standards, to enter the usual diet, so since ancient times has the say of “food feed”, food feeddominated in the ordinary diet structure. Chinese is given priority to with plant food, and Buddhist preach have thousands of silk connection. They regard animals as “creatures”, the plant is “no spirit”, so, advocate vegetarianism.2.2.2Western Food Pay Attention to NutritionWhen westerners introduce their diet characteristics, feel more attaches great importance to the reasonable collocation of nutrition than china, have more developed food industry, such as canned, fast food, taste the same, but saves time, and good nutrition, so the human body in their 3.1 Dinning Waycountries generally robust than the Chinese:tall, long legs, broad shoulders and developed muscle; But the Chinese are generally thin, narrow shoulder short legs, color yellow. Someone according to object obvious difference, called the Chinese plant character, westerners called animal character.3 The Different Method Of DietIn the final analysis or perceptual and rational differences. However, these differences seems to be along with the development of science and become blurred. More and more Chinese people with no longer only pay attention to food color, aroma, taste, and pay more attention to its health and nutrition. Especially after SARS, Also, people because more and more work, they think Chinese food is too much trouble to do it, better to do western food. So, the western food culture of our influence is very big.3.1Dinning WayOn the dining way. In china, no matter what good things come to an end, it is all round and round round, sharing one seat, delicious food in the middle of table, it is both a table people enjoy object, and to communicate the feelings of medium. At the dinner table, the Chinese people are like vomiting-inducing toasts to each other, clip vegetables, toast, very harmonious life. And is different, when they get together for dinner or treat vomiting-including toasts, food is not as enthusiastic, Chinese and less polite between guest and host. Westerners pay more attention to the independence of the individual, while westerners diners in cattle, sheep. Pork is the staple food,etc.3.2 Table WareIn terms of tableware, differences are more obvious. As known as, Chinese people including some Asian countries, using chopsticks, spoons, have a meal also use bowl; While the westerners, using plate.edge knife and fork to eat, drink soup there are specialized spoon. Chopsticks and knife or fork as the most representative east and west two kind of tableware, chopsticks ,knife and fork has affected the eastern and western different way of life, representing different two kind of wisdom.3.3 Dinning EtiquetteIn etiquette, both of Chinese and western more different. In ancient china, the table during a meal, you have a set of red tape. “Rites,qu”: “eat not to dullness and total rice don’t choose the hand, do not put a meal,..not solid, not young rice,..single food, guest since the kneeling before, and rice together with grant phase, hot to the guest, and then the guest sit down. “Main idea od the passage is mai nly: everybody when having a meal together, can’t you eat. If to have dinner with others, must check the hands clean. Don’t put the extra rice to pan, don’t specifically designed for the food, also not to winnow the hot meals. After dinner, the guest should went forward to pick up the plates on the table, to master, mater followed up, treat people don’t work, and then the guest to sit down. Some of these etiquette is necessary in modern manners. On western banquet, host to the guest clip only commonly a dish, the remaining eat independently by guests, if guests don’t inconvenience hard also let people to eat, don’t frequently vomiting-inducing toasts for the guests, according to the habits of the Chinese food. When to eat, don’t make noise, but the guests sh ould pay attention to praise host prepares food. If talking to people, can only talk to the neighbor’s, don’t talk with distance. So, in the final analysis or perceptual and rationaldifferences. However, these differences seems to be along with the development of science and become blurred. More and more Chinese people with no longer only pay attention to food color, aroma, taste, and pay attention to health and nutrition. Especially after SARS. Also, people because more and more busy job, think Chinese food do up much trouble, as to a hamburger and convenient. So on food differences is not too clear.4 The Future Prospects Of Chinese and Western DietFor the Chines, we was born began to taste Chinese food, and thus more or less tired of Chinese diet. At the same time, now,we are in the form of economic globalization, the entry of a western diet, make we have fresh, get used to western-style fast food, western food or western fast food, however, the Chinese concept of diet and habits, after all, there is much difference with the west, which determine the Chinese diet in people’s idea of the foundation position in our country, it will never change ,because of the western intervention. But with the development of the society, the gradual improvement of the living standard, western food will be more and more popular in china, but ,it can only be “seasoning”, most people life will not always have Chinese western food as staple food a day.ConclusionBegan at birth for the Chinese, our taste of Chinese and western diet, so more or less will be tired a little of attention to diet, at the same time, we are in the form of economic globalization, the western diet in china make we have fresh, gives us desire into western fast-food restaurants. Go to eat western food must understand what is the difference between western food and Chinese food.what to eat, how to eat. In order not to let oneself all, also have to understand the western wany of eating and dining etiquette. Only from this perspective, a brief talk about Chinese and western diet culture difference, hope for us Chinese to understand the western diet culture is a little significance.Bibliography[1]徐先玲，李组状.西方饮食文化[M]北京; 中国戏剧出版社,2005.[2]徐先玲，李组状.中方饮食文化[M]北京; 中国戏剧出版社2005.[3]张茗阳.食物改变[M].上海;学林出版社2003.[4]张起钧.烹饪原理[M].北京;中国轻工业出版社，2000.[5]刘枋，吃的艺术[M].山东;山东画报出版社2003.AcknowledgementsAs acknowledgements for my paper, only I —the writer is responsible for the shortcomings. I much acknowledges my thanks to all my teachers, especially to Miss fang leiyi, my supervisor, who has provides me support, critical ideas and careful suggestions.I also want to thank my family who always give me time, encouragement and secretarial services, especially my parents.Finally, my classmate and friends, who provided thoughtful and thorough reviews of my paper, must be acknowledged.。