高考英语 数词 介词考点透析与精炼
高中英语语法数词与介词知识归纳
高中英语语法数词与介词知识归纳基数词表示数目多少或顺序先后的词叫数词。
1.基数词的构成：1-10 one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten;11-19 eleven, twelve, thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen, eighteen, nineteen;20-90 twenty, thirty, forty, fifty, sixty, seventy, eighty, ninety;≥ 100100 a/one hundred;1,000 a/one thousand;1,000,000 a/one million;1, 000,000,000 a/one billion = a/one thousand million2. 基数词的用法1)作主语：Three will be enough for us.三个对我们来说就足够了。
Two of the girls are from Tokyo.这些姑娘中有两位来自东京。
2)作宾语：Four people applied for this job, but we only need one.四个人申请这工作，但我们仅需一人。
3)作表语：The population of China is over 1.3 billion.中国有十三亿多人口。
I’m twenty while my brother is sixteen.我二十岁，我弟弟十六岁。
4)作定语：We have 300 workers in our company.我们公司有三百名员工。
Forty students were involved in the interview. 四十名学生参加了这次采访。
5)作同位语：You two clean these seats.你们两个打扫这些位子。
高考英语语法精练及解析(介词及短语词组之一).doc
高考英语语法精练及解析（介词及短语词组之一）1. The lift in that tall building went wrong and got trapped _____ floors. People in it had no way to get out.A. inB. betweenC. amongD. on2. She knew nothing about his journey _______ he was likely to be away for three months.A. ExceptB. except forC. except thatD. in addition3. He usually goes to work by bike _______ it rains.A .except B. except when C. except for D. except that4. I found the island a wonderful place for our experiments _______ the hot weather.A. besidesB. except forC. exceptD. except that5. As it was almost time for the flight, all the passengers got ______ the plane.A. aroundB. abroadC. aboardD. ahead6. Traveling ________ a speed of 160 kilometers per hour, we have covered a distance of 1ilometers _______ less than 50 minutes.A. with; inB. at; inC. with; forD. at; for7. The problem _______ this kind of car is that it only has a top speed _______ 60 mph.A. for; ofB. with; ofC. for; withD. with; with8. Guangdong lies ________ the south of China and still to the south, ______ Qiongzhou Strait, is the Hainanisland.A.. to; acrossB. to; onC. in; acrossD. in; to9. --- You two seem good friends. How long have you know him?--- In fact, I know nothing about him ______ recently.A. unlessB. sinceC. beforeD. until10. Though _______ my opinion, my mother didn’t say anything to show that she agreed with me.A. againstB. onC. forD. in11. Not much impressed _____ the performance, half the audience left before it was over.A. onB. inC. byD. at12. ---You went late _______ the stadium yesterday evening, didn’t you?---Yes, my wife was a little late _______ the supper.A. to, withB. for, withC. for, forD. at, for13. Sometimes our opinions differ _______ what we choose to observe and how we deal with what we’ve observedA. whichB. sinceC. becauseD. because of14. ---How much will it cost my mother and me to go to Tianjin?---300 yuan _______.A. in detailB. in briefC. in shortD. in total15. At last, his daughter agreed ________ the trip if he allowed her to go also.A. withB. toC. atD. on16. ---Have you noticed any similarities ______ Jone's hair and Jean's hair?--- Yes, in fact, Jone's hair is quite similar in style _______ Jean's.A. to; toB. with; withC. between; toD. to; between17. ________ the beautiful colour of that skirt I decide to buy it.A. SinceB. Referring toC. Because ofD. As18. Not all men are equal ______ each other ______ ability.A. in; toB. to; inC. in; inD. to; to19. After a month of training, he became equal ________ the work as a driver.A. withB. inC. forD. toA good student must connect what he reads _______ what he sees around him.A. withB. upC. betweenD. across21. --- Do you charge _______ the use of the telephone?---Yes, we charge ________ the second.A. for; byB. for;, forC. by; forD. by; by22. Many plants have fallen victim _______ the storm.A. toB. ofC. withD. in23. The conference was held to discuss the effect that tourism has _______ the wildlife in the area.A. inB. onC. atD. with24. Wine can be good __________ your health if it is taken within measure.A. atB. toC. forD. with25. Shandong Province lies _________ the east of Shanxi, with thousands of islands ________ its east coast.A. off; toB. to; offC. on; inD. in; on26. Unwilling to ________ his children, the old couple moved to, the nursing home.A. be burdened withB. be burdened byC. be a burden withD. be a burden on27. If you think they are ______, you're totally wrong. They quarreled now and then.A. on the wayB. on the airC. on all sidesD. on good terms28. _______ the fact that Friday was always their busiest day, the girl seemed to be enjoying herself.A. DespiteB. Due toC. BesidesD. If only29. In the last 15 seconds of the game, the Rockets led ______ two points, but soon the Bulls scored and the match ended _________ a tie.A. by; inB. for; byC. with; withD. by; with30. She was always punctual _______ appointments and never kept anyone waiting.A. forB. inC. onD. at31. Mountaineering is attractive, especially _______ young people, because it is accompanied _____ hardship and adventure.A. for; byB. with; forC. to; withD. at; with32. You shouldn't have quarreled with the customs official. _______ helping the situation, you just made it worse.A. In spite ofB. Apart fromC. Far fromD. As a result of33. My mother is thirsty ________ knowledge as she had only a few years of schooling.A. onB. atC. withD. for34. My parents expect too much _______ me and I'm afraid I may let them ______.A. of; downB. from; outC. of; outD. from; in35. ______ conclusion, I'd like to say that I believe him. I'm convinced _____ his honesty.A. In; ofB. By; onC. At; byD. In; on36. Only after a few weeks did he realize that the dictionary he bought in Beijing was _______ great use.A. inB. ofC. forD. to37. I lived in Qingdao for ten years, so _______ a sense my arrival here once more is like coming home.A. onB. withC. toD. in38. These goods are about 50 kilograms ______ weight and they are sold _____ weight.A. in; inB. in; byC. on; byD. by; by39. Though she isn't British by birth, she's a British citizen ______ her marriage to an Englishman.A. in case ofB. in terms ofC. by virtue ofD. with regard to40. The cross is the symbol ________ Christianity, while on maps, a cross is the symbol ______ a church.A. of, ofB. of;, forC. for; forD. for; of41. –The plot of the new movie is dull.--The same is true __________ the acting,A. withB. ofC. toD. in42. My desk-mate is proud ______ her spoken English, while I take pride ______ my written English.A. of; inB. in; ofC. of; ofD. in; in43. Parents have to provide a college student _________ 7,000 yuan _______ average for his study per year.A. with; atB. for; atC. with; onD. for; on44. ______ the price up by 30 percent last month, many people have cut down ______ their daily necessity for pork.A. With; toB. With; onC. As; toD. As; on45. The problem _______ heavy smokers is that they cannot go ________ cigarettes.A. with; forB. about; withoutC. about; forD. with; without46. She likes outdoor activities. Today she has been kept in the study _________ her will.A. atB. overC. withD. against47. The parents were overjoyed and burst _____ crying ______ the news that their son won a gold medal in the Olympic Games.A. out; atB. out; forC. into; forD. into; on48. ---Can you show me your new MP3?---No way, and _________ should you touch it without my permission.A. at a timeB. at no timeC. in no timeD. at one time49. --Can I hand in my report next week?--I'm sorry you can't. It needs to be ready ______ this Friday at the latest.A.. untilB. afterC. byD. around50. Never suspect anyone ________ theft before you have proofs.A. ofB. withC. fromD. for高考英语语法-介词及短语词组（一）精练解析1.【解析】答案为B。
(英语)高三介词的考点归纳与解题指导
高三英语介词的考点归纳与解题指导一、考点归纳介词在语法填空中每年必考。
主要考点有：1. 简单介词。
如：after，as，like，behind，for，from，of，in，on，at，to，with，by，about，above，across，against，below，beside，between，beyond，during，opposite，past，despite，near 等。
2. 复合介词。
如：throughout，outside，within，without，onto，into，upon等。
3. 短语搭配中的介词。
如at a price，on one’s own，on sale，at table，be tired from doing，show respect for，reward sb. for sth，in a low voice等。
此外，常用介词构成的短语：二、解法指导介词后一定要接宾语，作宾语的通常是名词、代词或动名词。
因此，做纯空格的语法填空时，若空格后是名词、代词或动名词，且他们不是在句中作主语、表语，也不是作动词的宾语时，这个格空就很可能是填介词。
然后根据句子意思和具体语境来确定填哪一个介词。
[例1]（2013年广东）The only reason a man would sell salt ______a lower price would bebecause he was desperate for money. And anyone who took advantage of that situation would be showing a lack of respect ______the sweat and struggle of the man who worked very hard to produce it.解析：因名词短语a lower price和the sweat and struggle在句中不作主语、表语或动词的宾语，应是作介词的宾语，空格处应填介词；第一空，根据与price的搭配，填at，at a lower price表示“以更低的价格”；第二空，由show respect for可知，填for。
高考英语 数词 介词考点透析与精炼
2012高考语法总复习(25)：数词，介词考点透析与精炼考试要求：介词是高考英语试题中比较重要的一个考查点，近年来的高考在单项填空题中直接涉及到对介词的考查，主要包括常用近义介词的用法区别、介词的常见搭配、介词在特定语境中的选用和介词短语的用法等。
高考试题对数词的考查比重较小，主要以对倍数的表达方法及概数的考查为主。
知识总结：数词部分dozen和score的复数形式应注意以下几点：dozen表示一打，十二个；score表示二十；当dozen与数词，或many，several等连用时，不加“s”，所修饰的名词前常省去of，score则不然。
two dozen pencils两打铅笔two score of pencils四十支铅笔dozens of people= scores of people许多人当后面的名词前有限定词时, dozen后应加of。
a dozen of these peopletwo dozen of themthree score and ten people（中不加of）七十人序数词的用法：序数词一般由基数词后加th构成，前面一般加定冠词the，表示“第几”；加不定冠词，则意为“又一，再一”。
I can do better if I have a second chance. 如果再有一次机会，我能做得更好。
基数词与序数词连用时，通常是序数词在前：the first two pages of the book 这本书的前两页分数的表示法分数由基数词和序数词合成，分子用基数词，分母用序数词，分子大于1时，分母的序数词要用复数形式。
1/3：one(a)third 2/3：two thirds three-sevenths：七分之三特殊的表达：1/2：one(a)half 1/4：one (a) quarter/one (a) fourth 3/4：three quarters分子与分母之间加in或out of,分子在前，分母在后，分子分母都用基数词。
高考英语语法考情分析及真题感悟十介词和数词
高考英语语法考情分析及真题感悟十介词和数词考情分析语法填空经常考查介词、介词短语，涉及的主要是固定搭配里的介词。
在备考时，考生应掌握介词的基本用法、常用介词短语的含义以及含介词的动词短语搭配。
数词主要考查基数词和序数词的用法，在语法填空中虽然考查频率不高，但备考时也不能忽视。
一、真题感悟1. (2021年全国甲卷·62) It was built originally to protect the city _______ the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored (修复).答案：in解析：考查介词。
in the Tang dynasty在唐朝。
2. (2020年全国Ⅱ卷·64) Oranges: Orange trees are more _______ decoration; they are a symbol of good fortune and wealth.答案：than解析：考查介词。
因more than为固定搭配，其后接名词，意为“不仅仅是”。
句意为：橘子树不仅仅是装饰；它们是好运和财富的象征。
3. (2021年全国甲卷改错) One of the questions is: Who will you go in times of trouble?答案：在go后加to解析：考查介词。
因go为不及物动词，不可直接接宾语，故在go后加to。
4. (2017全国Ⅰ卷改错) In the summer holiday following my eighteen birthday, I took driving lessons.答案：eighteenth解析：考查序数词。
根据句意“在我18岁生日后的暑假……”可知，表达生日应用序数词eighteenth。
5. (2021年联考题) He is the _______ (five) person to ask me the same question.答案：fifth解析：考查序数词。
高考英语语法词汇专项突破：数词考点全解读+巩固训练(含高考真题)
高考英语语法词汇专项突破：数词考点全解读+巩固训练养成良好的答题习惯，是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。
做题前，要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌跟着感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要善于发现，找到题目的题眼所在，规范答题，书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检查，查漏补缺，纠正错误。
总之，在最后的复习阶段，学生们不要加大练习量。
在这个时候，学生要尽快找到适合自己的答题方式，最重要的是以平常心去面对考试。
英语最后的复习要树立信心，考试的时候遇到难题要想“别人也难”，遇到容易的则要想“细心审题”。
越到最后，考生越要回归基础，单词最好再梳理一遍，这样有利于提高阅读理解的效率。
另附高考复习方法和考前30天冲刺复习方法。
[名词考题展示]【考题1】（2023▪全国甲卷）Fables were part of the oral tradition of many early cultures, and the well-known Aesop’s fables date to the (six) century, B．C．答案与解析：sixth。
考查序数词。
century“世纪”前面要用序数词形式。
故填sixth。
句意：寓言是许多古代文化口述传统的一部分，而著名的伊索寓言可以追溯到公元前6世纪。
【考题2】（2021新高考II卷）I've always loved the ocean. In the (seven) grade,I started volunteering at the Monterey Bay Aquarium in California.答案与解析：seventh。
考查数词。
表示“七年级” 用序数词，所以填seventh。
句意：七年级的时候，我开始在加州的蒙特利湾水族馆做志愿者。
[命题热点]数词有基数词和序数词两种。
需要掌握基数词、序数词、分数词、倍数、百分数、年月日、钟点、年龄、序号的基本用法。
高考英语二轮复习 语法精讲精炼 介词与介词短语1高三全册英语试题
语鹅市安置阳光实验学校介词与介词短语精讲精炼01●核心考核要点解读在全国各地高考试题中，都涉及到介词的考查，不仅在单项填空中进行考查，在短文改错题中，对于介词的有无、介词与其他词的固定搭配的考查尤为频繁。
笔者认为因为介词的用法非常普遍，它关系到句子的上下衔接，所以以后的高考题介词仍然是一个考查热点。
高考研究介词是英语中比较活跃的词，中学阶段所学的介词有40多个。
它与名词、形容词、副词和动词等构成搭配时用法灵活，意义丰富。
搭配比较活跃的介词主要有in，out，up，down，on，off，to，from，for，over，with 等。
预测今后高考介词的考查将以介词的固定短语和介词辨析为主。
在学习介词时，应重点掌握介词的基本用法，同时注意总结其与名词、形容词、副词、动词等搭配构成的短语的意思和用法。
●重要知识要点突破介词又叫前置词，是一种虚词。
1.介词可按其构成分为：（1）简单介词，即一个介词，如about，at，in，of，since等。
（2）复合介词，由两个介词组成，如as for，as to，out of 等。
（3）二重介词，由两个介词搭配而成，但没有复合介词那样固定，如from under，from behind，until after，except in 等。
（4）短语介词，由短语构成，如according to，because of，in spite of，on behalf of，with reference to 等。
（5）分词介词，由现在分词构成，如regarding，concerning，including 等。
2.介词还可按其词义分为下列常见的几种：（1）表地点（包括动向），如about，above，across，after，along，among，around，at，before，behind，below，beneath，beside，between，beyond，by，down，from，in，into，near，off，on，over，through，throughout，to，towards，under，up，upon，with，within，without 等。
高考英语介词和介词短语考点总结及真题解析
考点04 介词和介词短语高考频度：★★★★★【命题解读】介词在英语中比较活跃，在高考中，对介词的考查主要集中在语法填空和短文改错题型中，考查点为常见介词如，from,to, on, in, with, by, at, of , on 等等的基本用法上。
语法填空中介词的考查形式为非提示词型，短文改错中介词的考查包括介词的误用以及多词少词。
【命题预测】预计2021年高考对介词的考查将不再局限于单个介词，将会更加注重对介词基本用法和固定搭配中的介词的考查。
在短文改错中，主要考查对介词的误用。
【复习建议】1. 掌握主要介词的常见用法及易混介词的辨析；2. 掌握介词与其他词所构成的一些固定短语；3. 掌握在定语从句中介词的使用情况。
介词的分类考向①介词短语的功能介词不能独立在句中做成份，介词后必须与名词、代词、或动名词构成介词短语在句中充当一个成分，表示人、物、事件等与其它人、物、事件等之间的关系。
考向②常考介词的辨析介词是英语中最活跃的词类之一，使用频率相当高，其用法跟冠词一样复杂。
但根据近年来高考命题的情况来看，考生需要掌握以下内容。
1.表示相同或相似概念的介词（短语）的区别①at 8 o’clock, at noon②in the 1990s, in January③on Monday, on a warm morningon the①The lamp stands in the corner of theroom.②I me t with him at the street corner.③He sat on the corner of the table.besidesexceptbutexcept for1.（2020·新课标I卷短文改错）After that I poured oil into a pan and turned off the stove，I waited patiently unless the oil was hot.【答案】将off改为on【解析】考查介词。
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高考英语数词介词考点透析与精炼考试要求：介词是高考英语试题中比较重要的一个考查点，近年来的高考在单项填空题中直接涉及到对介词的考查，主要包括常用近义介词的用法区别、介词的常见搭配、介词在特定语境中的选用和介词短语的用法等。
高考试题对数词的考查比重较小，主要以对倍数的表达方法及概数的考查为主。
知识总结：数词部分dozen和score的复数形式应注意以下几点：dozen表示一打，十二个；score表示二十；当dozen与数词，或many，several等连用时，不加“s”，所修饰的名词前常省去of，score则不然。
two dozen pencils两打铅笔two score of pencils四十支铅笔dozens of people= scores of people许多人当后面的名词前有限定词时, dozen后应加of。
a dozen of these peopletwo dozen of themthree score and ten people（中不加of）七十人序数词的用法：序数词一般由基数词后加th构成，前面一般加定冠词the，表示“第几”；加不定冠词，则意为“又一，再一”。
I can do better if I have a second chance. 如果再有一次机会，我能做得更好。
基数词与序数词连用时，通常是序数词在前：the first two pages of the book 这本书的前两页分数的表示法分数由基数词和序数词合成，分子用基数词，分母用序数词，分子大于1时，分母的序数词要用复数形式。
1/3：one(a)third 2/3：two thirds three-sevenths：七分之三特殊的表达：1/2：one(a)half 1/4：one (a) quarter/one (a) fourth 3/4：three quarters分子与分母之间加in或out of,分子在前，分母在后，分子分母都用基数词。
one in/ out of ten：十分之一 five in/ out of eight：八分之五百分数的表示法：表示百分数直接将数词放在单词percent前面即可：twenty percent=20% 百分之二十注意：分数和百分数后面不能直接接名词或代词，而用以下形式：分数/ 百分数+of +冠词/ 限定词+名词/ 代词，其谓语动词与of后的名词在人称和数上保持一致。
Two-thirds of the money was spent on food.小数的表示法：小数的表示法，小数点前的数字正常读，小数点用point，小数点后面的数读成个位数。
“零”读字母o的音或zero，小数点前就按基数词去读，小数点后的数字按个位基数词依次读出。
数词的其它表达式：No.1 第一号第一次世界大战：the First World War或World War I501号房间：Room 501538路公共汽车：Bus 538倍数的表示法：倍数用在as+形容词/副词(原级)+名词+ as结构之前Your salary is three times as much as mine. 你的薪水是我的三倍。
倍数放在形容词或副词的比较级之前或by + 倍数用在比较级之后Your salary is twice more than mine. 你的薪水比我多两倍。
倍数用在表示度量名词前，其基本结构为：倍数 + the + size / length / weight …+ of + 表示比较对象的名词，也可用于倍数 + what引导的从句中By and large，Nigeria is three times the size of Great Britain. 大概算来，尼日利亚的面积是大不列颠的三倍。
约数的表示法：用ten，dozen，score，hundred，thousand，million等数词的复数后加of短语来表示几十、几百、上千、成千上万等大约数概念;用less than，under，below，almost，nearly，up to等来表示小于或接近某数目；用more than，over，above，beyond，or more等来表示超过或多于某个数目；用or，or so，about，around，some，more or less等表示在某一数目左右；用to，from … to…，between … and表示介于两数词。
钟点、日期、年龄的表示法：钟点：表示整点8:00：eight o'clock (sharp)；表示在某个钟点，用介词at。
表示在某月某日，都用介词on：年月日同时出现时，年代位于最后，其前加逗号：表示“在几十年代”用in十the十逢十的数词复数：in the 1990s/1990’s表示“在某人的几十岁”时，可用介词in+ one’s+整十位数的复数形式：in his fifties；但表示十多岁时用：in one’s teens。
表示“一个八岁的男孩”，可以有多种表达法：a boy of eight，a boy of eight years old，a boy of eight years of age，a eight-year-old boy与基数词合成的定语，其中的名词用单数：a three-month-old baby， five-year plan。
介词部分介词不能单独使用，必须后跟宾语，构成介词短语在句中使用，介词短语由介词+宾语构成，在句中可作状语、定语和表语等。
in, on, to, with, by, for, at, from, up, beyond, before, among, of, off, against,like, since, besides, behind, during等aboutbe about to …即将做……What/How about …? ……怎么样for交换：He sold the house for 50,000 yuan.达到某一数值：She wrote a check for ￡20.赞成，拥护：I’m for getting up early and going to bed early.固定搭配：for one thing 首先for example 例如for ever 永远for the time being 暂时，目前for instance 例如for free 免费for the first time 第一次for sale 出售，待售watch out for 警惕long for 渴望for one’s good 为（某人）好with和……一起:：He is playing table tennis with Tom.用……工具：Don’t write with a pencil.随着：The weather changes with seasons.带有，具有：Our company needs people with specialized knowledge.行为方式：Handle with care！原因：She shivered with cold.注意：with的复合结构：常在句中作状语，表示伴随动作、行为方式及原因、条件或结果等情况。
She often sleeps with the window open. (adj.)她经常开着窗户睡觉。
He came in with a book in his hand. (prep.)他手里拿着本书进来了。
She felt scared with so many people looking at her. （doing）这么多人看着她，她感到害怕。
With everything bought, he left the market. (done)买完了所需要的东西之后，他离开了市场。
With nothing to do, he went out for a walk .(to do)由于没有什么事情可做，他便到外面散步。
He left his room with the light on. (adv.)他离开了房间，灯亮着。
by用于被动结构：This book was written by Lu Xun.表地点，“靠近，在……的旁边”：There is a pumping station by the river.表时间，“在……之前，不迟于”： You must hand in your homework by tomorrow.表方法、手段：You will make progress only by studying hard.途径：He entered by the back door.表示按某物标准或单位：The company paid me by the hour.根据，按照……：Don’t judge a person by his appearance.触及，持住某人的身体或衣物：I took the boy by the hand.表增减程度：He missed the target by an inch.固定搭配：little by little 逐渐地stone by stone 一块石头一块石头地one by one 一个一个地by mistake 由疏忽所至by no means 决不by accident 偶然by chance 偶然，碰巧by oneself 独自by and by 不久以后by far ……得多，最……to趋于，倾向（某种情况，性质等），至某种状态： I was moved to tears.到（地点）：Last week her aunt came to Shanghai.给：I often write to my uncle.差（时间）：It is ten to eleven.比： The score is 2 to 1.伴随：He danced to the music.他随着音乐跳舞。
固定搭配:to one’s delight =to the delight of sb. 使某人高兴的是to one’s joy = to the joy of sb. 使某人高兴的是to one’s sorrow=to the sorrow of sb. 使某人悲伤的是to one’s astonishment =to the astonishment of sb. 使某人大吃一惊的是to one’s surprise =to the surprise of sb. 使某人吃惊的是off离……, 从……离开：It is an island off the coast of France.through通过，“从一边进，从另一边出”：She pushed her way through the crowd.由于：The war was lost through bad organization.从头至尾，由始至终：I read through the book.各处：We traveled through France.beyond表示位置在那一边，超出（范围、限度）：My home is beyond the bridge.This is beyond my comprehension.The fruit was beyond my reach.against反对，违背：We are against waste.靠着，倚：I sat against the wall.以……为背景，衬托：The picture looks good against that light wall.防御：We are all taking medicine against the disease.我们大家都在吃药预防那种病。