高中英语必修三unit4_astronomy_the_science_of_the_stars_grammarppt课件
5Why he did it remains a mystery. 6When they will start is not known yet. 7How he became a great scientist is known to us all. 8Where she is from is unknown.
思考：主语从句有哪些引导词，这些引导词如何选用？
主语从句的引导词：
连词 that , whether 连接代词 who(ever), whom(ever),
which(ever), what(ever) 连接副词 where ,when ,why ,how
主语从句
在复合句中作主句的主语.
1． 引导主语从句的连接词有三类：
time.
_______
Hale Waihona Puke Wh –类连接副词或连接代词引导的主
• 语从句可放于句首，也可放句尾。
When the new road is open to traffic has not been made clear.
astr(Bon) auts desire to do is walk in space. （04上海）
A. where B. what
C. that D. how
6. Don’t put off tomorrow _____yowuhcaatn do today. 7. ________ breaks the law will be punished.
主语从句
在句中充当主语的从句叫做主语从句。
Find the subject clauses in the following sentences, and translate them.
1That he will come is certain. 2Whether it will please them is not easy to say. 3What seems easy to some people seems difficult to others. 4Which side will win is not clear. 5Why he did it remains a mystery. 6When they will start is not known yet. 7How he became a great scientist is known to us all. 8Who will take part in the meeting has not been decided. 9Whoever breaks the law will be punished. 10Where she is from is unknown.
GRAMMAR
Subject Clauses 主语从句
Revision
Find the subjects in the following sentences.
1. A tree has fallen across the road. 2. You are a student. 3. To find your way can be a problem. 4. Smoking is harmful to you. 5. What she said is not yet known. 6. That we shall be late is certain. 7. It’s certain that we shall be late.
• W__h__e_t__h_e_ r we can go to picnic tomorrow is still a question.
•___T__h__a__t the wounded soldier is still alive is a wonder.
• That Mr. Zhou will come is certain. •___W___h__e_ ther the work can be completed on time is __d__o__u__b__t_f_u__l.
主语从句后置!
为了避免主语冗长,句子头重脚轻,经常用it作形式主语,主语从句放 在后面作真正的主语.
例:
That we shall be late is certain. -- It’s certain that we shall be late.
1. That the earth is round is known to all.
2. _______ he needed was not a future scientist, but a model. (07 东莞W二h模at)
3. __________ team wins on Saturday will go through to the naWtiohnicahl ecvhearmpionships.
It surprised us that the he didn’t attend the meeting. 6. Whether Class five can defeat (战胜) Class Four isn’t
known yet. It isn’t known yet whether Class five can defeat (战胜) Class Four.
Find the subject clauses in the following sentences, and translate them. 3What seems easy to some people seems difficult to others. 4Which side will win is not clear. 8Who will take part in the meeting has not been decided. 9Whoever breaks the law will be punished.
4. Whether he can come or not depends on his parents.
It depends on his parents whether he can come or not.
5. That he didn’t attend the meeting surprised us.
(1) 连词that、whether :(从属连词）在从句中不作任何成分
Whether we go by train or by boat makes no difference. Whether he’ll come here isn’t clear. That price will go up is certain.
思考：主语从句有哪些引导词，这些引导词如何选用？
1. I read about it in some book or other, does it matter
_______ it was? （01（北D京）春季)
A．where
B．what
C．how
D．which
2. After Yang Liwei succeeded in circling the earth, _______ our
(2) 连接代词what, who, whom, whose, which, whoever, whatever, whichever等. 连接代词在从句中充当主语，宾语, 表语或定语，不能省略。
What she did is not yet known.
Who will write the poem has not been decided yet. Whatever he did is right. Whoever breaks the rule should be punished. Who will go makes no difference. Whom she loves is clear enough . 她爱的是谁已经够清楚了。 Whose wallet was stolen must be made clear.谁的钱包被偷了必须 被搞清楚。
if /whether 引导的主语从句
表示 “是否”意义时whether 引导的主语从句可以放于句 首、句末，if引导的主语从句不能位于句首；但如果有形式 主语it引导时，两者都可用。
Whether the work can be completed on time is doubtful. I_t’_s__d__o_ubtful whether /if the work can be completed on
It is strange that he knows nothing about it.
3. When flood stuck the western areas wasn’t reported. It wasn’t reported when flood stuck the western areas.
1. That the earth goes around the sun is known to us all. It is known to us all that the earth goes around the sun. 2. That he knows nothing about it is strange.
(08高考预测)
3. _____ made the school proud was______ more than 90％ of the students had been admitted to key universities.
A. What; because B. What ; that
C. That ; what D. That ; because
4. 主语从句需注意的问题
最新高考英语一轮复习-Unit-4-《Astronomy-the-science-of-the-stars》重点梳理现题解析
必修3Unit 4 Astronomy: the science of the stars要点梳理高效梳理·知识备考●重点单词1．astronomy n．天文学→astronomer n．天文学家2．system n．系统；体系；制度3．theory n．学说；理论→theoretical adj.理论上的4．globe n．球体；地球仪；地球→global adj.全球性的；全世界的5．violent adj.猛烈的；激烈的；强暴的→violence n．暴力→violently adv.猛烈地6．atmosphere n．大气层；气氛7．unlike prep.不同；不像→dislike vt.不喜欢8．presence n．出席；到场；存在→present adj. & n. & v．在场的；目前，现在；出席；颁发，授予9．harmful adj.有害的；伤害的→harm n．危害，害处→harmless adj.无害的10．exist vi.存在，生存→existence n．存在，生存11．puzzle n．谜；难题vt. & vi.(使)迷惑；(使)为难→puzzled adj.迷惑的→puzzling adj.令人迷惑的12．gravity n．万有引力；重力13．satellite n．卫星；人造卫星14．climate n．气候15．spaceship n．宇宙飞船16．pull n. & vt.拉(力)；拖；牵引力17．float vi. & vt.(使)浮动；(使)漂浮 n．漂浮物18．mass n．质量；团；块；大量；(复)群众●重点短语1．in time 及时；终于2．lay eggs 下蛋3．give birth to产生；分娩4．in one’s turn 轮到某人；接着5．prevent...from 阻止；制止6．block out挡住(光线)7．cheer up感到高兴；感到振奋8．now that 既然9．break out突发；爆发10．watch out密切注视；当心；提防11．cool down 冷却12．as well as 也；还有……13．depend on依靠；依赖，取决于14．get close to 靠近●重点句型1．This produced a chain reaction, which made it possible for life to develop. 这就形成一个连锁反应，使生命发展成为可能。
人教版高中英语必修三Unit_4_Astronomy：the_science_of_the_stars
在大批人员的介绍引见中，没有几个人希望你记住他们的
名字。
(2)Her garden is a mass of flowers. 她的花园里种满了花。
(3)I don’t like children inthemass . 大体而论，我不喜欢儿童。
(4) Themassof people in that country are Christians. 那个国家的大部分人是基督徒。
注意：a mass of和masses of可以后接可数或不可数名词，作主 语时谓语动词的单复数与of后名词的单复数保持一致。
(1)Few of the people in mass introductions expect you to
remember their names.
(2009·安徽，阅读理解A)
hat and gloves to protect your face from being exposed
to the strong sunlight and your hands from being hurt.
(2009·辽宁)
d．It is necessary to stop the tourists from taking photos with
(2008·江苏，阅读理解B)
这些气体起到像温室玻璃一样的作用，它们允许来自太
阳的能量进入却阻止能量离开。
(2)They would prevent/stop/keep the rich from robbing the
poor. 他们要制止富人掠夺穷人。
(3)He raised his arm to protecthischildfrom 他伸出手臂去保护他的孩子免受伤害。
太空探索(Astronomy- the science of stars
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Unit4Astronomy-thescienceofstars教案
Unit 4 Astronomy: the science of stars教案unit4astronomy:thescienceofstars教案teaching aims:1. talk about the science of stars2. practise giving instructions teaching difficulties:1. learn to use noun clauses as the subject2. learn to write an essay to show your problems and the way to overcome them.3. vocabulary: astronomy, atmosphere, violent, explode, surface, disappointed, gradually, cheer, mass, harmful, presence, in time, preve nt …from… depend on, now that, get the hang of, break outteaching procedures:the first period intensive reading step ⅰ presentationt: hello, everyone! today we will come to unit 4, astronomy. before that i have a question: where do we come from? or we can say: who are our ancestors?s1: monkeys!s2: beijing ren who lived many years ago.s3: dinosaurs…t: very good! do you know what it was like before life appeared on earth?s4: full of water…bs: i don’t know.t: do you want to get more information?ss: yes, we do.t: today we will learn something about how life began on earth. turn to page 25. let’s come to warming up first.step ⅱ warming up1. read the three questions, while the students listen and follow.2. give the students several minutes to discuss the questions.3. collect answers from the class.4. check answers while discussing.step ⅲ pre-readingget the students to discuss the questions on page 25 with their partners. then ask the students to tell their stories. encourage them to tell different stories, if they don’t know any, tell them some.t: now discuss these questions with your partners. then i will ask some of you to tell us your stories. are you clear?ss: yes.a. do you know each religion or culture has its own ideas about the beginning of the universe? give an example if you know.b. do you know what a scientific idea is?read some stories to the students.pangu separates the sky from the earth;the biblical account;india;japan;europe;…step ⅳ reading1. scanningget the students to read the passage quickly and accurately and meanwhile help the students to form a good habit of reading. give the students a couple of minutes to look throuth the whole passage. tell them to read silently and then ask some detailed questions about the text. encourage them to express their ideas. t: we are going to learn a passage about how life began on the earth. now read the text quickly and then answer my questions.a. what was there on the earth before life began?b. why do scientist think there has never been life on the moon?c. why do animals first appear in the sea?d. why do green plants help life to develop?e. why were mammals different from other animals? discuss the answers with the whole class.2. skimmingin this part, students will read the text again and finish part 1,2,3t: now skim the passage fast to finish part1,2,3,4 then we will check the answers together.key to part 1: dbigehacfjdiscuss the rest with the students.step ⅴ listeninglisten to the tape for the students to follow and have further understanding of the passage.t: read after the tape, then answer me some questions with your book closed.a. how did water come into being on the earth?b. why is water important on earth?step ⅵ language pointst: turn to page 25. let’s look at the sentences:a. it exploded loudly with fire and rock, which were in time to produce the water vapour.which leads non-restrictive attributive clause.in time: sooner or later; eventuallyi will see him in time.in time ( for sth/to do sth): not lateshe will be back in time to prepare dinner.in/out of time: in/not in the correct timethe audience clapped in time to the music.b. nobody knew that it was going to be different from other planets going around the sun.be different from: not like someone or something else in one or more wayscity life is quite different from country life.c. whether life will continue on the earth for millions of years to come will depend on whether this problem can be solved.to come: serves as attributiveshe is the last person to do such a thing.depend on: something might only happen or be true if the circumstances are right for itour success depends on whether everyone works hard or not.d. walking does need a bit of practice now that gravity has changed.now that: because of the fact thatnow that i am free, i can enjoy music for a while.now that you have grown up, you can decide it by yourself.step ⅶ homework1. retell the passage2. remember important language pointsthe second period language studystep ⅰ revision1. check retelling of the passage2. translate the following sentences.a. 你迟早会胜利的.b. 我的车与你的不一样.c. 站在门旁边的那个人是谁?d. 他总是第一个来,最终一个走.e. 既然你已经长大了,你自己确定吧. suggested answers:a. you will succeed in time.b. my car is different from yours.c. who is the person standing by the door?d. he is always the first to come and the last to go.e. now that you have grown up you can decide it yourself.step ⅱ word studythis part is a consolidation of the words learnt in this unit. ask the students to do the exercises individually.a. page 27. first let students finish part 1,2b. check the answers with the whole class.c. give students 3minutes to finish part 3.d. let the students read part 4 for a while and finish it.e. turn to page 63. first let the students finish 1and 2 and check the answers.step ⅲ preparationshow some sentences on the blackboard.a. a tree has fallen across the road.b. you are a student.c. to find your way can be a problem.d. smoking is bad for you.e. “how do you do?” is a greeti ng.f. what she said is not yet known.g. that we shall be late is certain.h. it’s certain that we shall be late .t: what part does the underlined part serve as in eachsentence? or find its subject in each sentence.step ⅳ grammar1. give the students some time to find the sentences in the passage. the collect answers from the class.2. show typical examples of how to make a subject clause. guide the ss to find out what changes we have to make when we make a sentence or combine two sentences using subject clause. teacher shows the example and ss write down the sentences.3. turn to page 64. read the following passage quickly and finish the eight sentences.4. have a discussion in pairs. the topic is my dream. one talks about the problems in his study or life, another gives some advice. remind the students to use the following structuresa. my problem is…b. my trouble is…c. the question is…d. my advice is…e. what i think about it is…f. the fact is…g. my suggestion is…step ⅴhomework1. finish part 3(p23)2. finish part 3(p64)added material:什么是黑洞？就是在宇宙中有那么一些点，这些点的体积趋向于零而密度变得无穷大，由于具有强大的吸引力，物体只要进入离这个点必须距离的范围内，就会被这个强大的引力汲取掉，连光线也不例外。
人教版高中英语必修三Unit4Astronomy：thescienceofthestars课文知识点解析
Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars 课文知识点解析Warming UpDiscuss in pairs which science subjects are part of medicine,biochemistry,geophysics or astronomy.分组讨论哪些科学科目是医学，生物化学，地理学或天文学的一部分。
in pairs=two at a time=in twos一次两个，两个一组e.g.Shoes and slippers are sold in pairs.鞋子都是论双卖的。
注意：in+数词/名词（数词/名词以复数形式）e.g.in threes and fours 三三两两的in groups 成群的思维拓展in在这里表示：以……数量/形式、形状等。
e.g.Tourists queue in thousands to see the tomb. 游客数以千计排着队看陵墓。
Reading1.The problem was that the earth became violent because it was not clearwhether the solid shape was to last or not.这一问题变得越来越不确定，因为这一球体形状是否能够维持尚未明朗。
(1)violent adj. 猛烈的；激烈的；强暴的a violent language 激烈的语言a violent storm 猛烈的风暴a violent 猛攻思维拓展violence n.［U］1.暴力，强暴2.猛烈，剧烈，强烈(2)whether...or not... “是……还是……”在这里是主语从句,它还可以引导宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句和状语从句。
e.g.I don’t know whether he will agree with me.（宾语）我不知道他是否同意我的观点。
人教版高中英语必修三《Unit 4 Astronomy The science of the stars》课件
Learning goals
1. Learn how life began on the earth. 2. Learn the evolution of life. 3. Learn words and expressions in this unit. 4. Reveal the importance of environment
ago that people knew what the earth was to become.
2. Water began to appear on the surface of the earth
baefftoerre gases were produced.
F
3. The global warming will have a great effect on
2). Why was the earth different from the other planet?
A. It produced a lot of heat
B
B. The water remained
C. Water disappeared
D. It was the oldest planet
Finally, human came into _e_x_is_t_e_n_c_e_(exist), but they did_h_a_r_m_
(harmful) to the earth.
Work in groups and choose the proper character
you like to emerge(呈现) the development of life.
人教版高中英语必修3课件 Unit 4 Astronomy the science of the stars 课件1
Pangu separates the sky from the earth
Pangu separated the earth and sky with an ax.
After he died, his breath became wind and cloud;
his voice became thunder and his left eye sun and
The Big Bang
water
Plants on land
Plants in the water Shellfish and fish
Insects and amphibians
Reptiles
Mammals
Dinosaurs
Analysing
water
How life began
on the earth
1.Do you know how did the universe begin?
Pre-reading
Each religion or culture has its own ideas about the beginning of
the universe?
Pangu separates the sky from the earth.
forests
A cloud of dust Combine into a solid ball
Explode…with fire & rock
(produce H2O, CO2,O2, N2, other gases)
Cool down
atmosphere
Life began Life developed
n.炸药，爆炸物
(完整版)人教版高中英语必修三课文翻译_0
---------------------------------------------------------------最新资料推荐------------------------------------------------------人教版高中英语必修三课文翻译人教版高中英语必修三课文翻译人教版高中英语必修三课文翻译译篇一：人教版高中英语必修三课文翻译4-5 Unit 4 Astronomy:the science of the stars Reading 地球上生命的起源没有人确切知道地球是怎样开始形成的，因为在很早很早以前它就形成了。
然而，一种普通为人们所接受的理论是：宇宙起源于一次大爆炸，这次大爆炸将物质投射到四面八方。
然后，原子开始形成并结合成恒星和其他天体。
没有人确切知道地球是怎样开始形成的，因为在很早很早以前它就形成了。
然而，一种普通为人们所接受的理论是：宇宙起源于一次大爆炸，这次大爆炸将物质投射到四面八方。
然后，原子开始形成并结合成恒星和其他天体。
大爆炸后好几十亿年过去了，但地球还只是一团尘埃。
随后它会变成什么没人能知道，直到大爆炸后好几十亿年过去了，但地球还只是一团尘埃。
随后它会变成什么没人能知道，直到 38-45 亿年前，这团尘埃才慢慢地形成一个固体的球状物。
地球（开始）变得激烈动荡，不知道这个固体形状是否会继续存1/ 26在下去。
它（地球）猛烈的爆炸喷出了烈火与岩石。
最终产生了碳、氮气、水蒸气和其他多种气体，从而形成了地球的大气层。
更为重要的是，地球冷却了下来，地球的表面就开始出现了水。
亿年前，这团尘埃才慢慢地形成一个固体的球状物。
地球（开始）变得激烈动荡，不知道这个固体形状是否会继续存在下去。
它（地球）猛烈的爆炸喷出了烈火与岩石。
最终产生了碳、氮气、水蒸气和其他多种气体，从而形成了地球的大气层。
更为重要的是，地球冷却了下来，地球的表面就开始出现了水。
在火星这些其他行星上都出现了水，但和地球不同的是，这些水后来都消失了。
Astronomy：thescienceofthestars教材分析
“理解”（Comprehending）部分通过五个练习题检测学生对本文核心内容的理解。练习1是对文章结构的分析以及大意的概括；练习2通过排序的方式帮助学生弄清本文的行文线索，也就是地球上生命的起源和发展历程；练习3提出5个小问题，考察学生的深层理解和推理判断能力；练习4让学生找出文章中出现的连接词，检查学生对文章中句型的熟悉和理解程度，同时还有助于学生在写作方面得到提高；练习5让学生回答问题并向全班学生汇报，开拓学生的思维并锻炼他们的语言表达能力。
“阅读”（Reading）讲述了地球上生命的起源。水的形成使得地球有别于其他星球，它使得地球上生命的诞生成为可能。科学家认为，地球上的生命首先诞生于水中，上百万年后，陆地上才长出绿色植物，随后出现了陆栖动物和水陆两栖动物。最初的动物靠孵化繁衍后代，后来出现了哺乳动物，人类也随之诞生了。文章最后讲了令人深省的问题：The earth may become too hot for the lives on it它关系到了地球的未来.
高中英语必修三Unit 4 Astronomy the science of the stars 要点解析
ｔ ｆ ｉ ｈ ｏｋｉ ｔ ｅ 要 是 没 有 你 的 帮 ｏｉ ｓ ｔｅｗ ｒ ｎ ｉ ． ｎ ｈ ｍ 助 ， 就不 可能 及时地完 成］ 作 。 我 ：
【 识 拓 展 】ｅｉ ｎ靠 … …生 存 ｌｅ 知 ｘｓ ｏ ｔ ｉ ｖ
Ｏ ｉ …… 为生 ｌ靠
４ ｐ ｚｌ ． ｕ ｚｅ
ｂｗ ｈ ｎＩ ａ ｍ ａ． ｏ ｌ ｅ ｅｔ ｙｍｅ１ 于是—— 洗 手 的时 ｗ 候， 日子从 水 盆里 溜 走 ， 吃饭 的 时候 ， 日子 从
乎 每 一 个行 星 —— 以及 部 分卫 星—— 都 有 个 大气层 。
一
ｚ． ｌ 让我 写 点 关 于 自己这 让我 十 分 为难 。 ｅ 甚 至让 我 陷入 了无尽 的沉 思 。
Ｔｈ ｅ ｃ ｔｎ ａ ｍｏ ｐ ｅ ｅ ｆ ｔ ｅ ｏ ｔ ａ ｌ ｅ ｘ ｉｉ ｇ ｔ ｓ ｈ ｒ ｏ ｈ ｆｏ ｂ ｌ
ｔｅａ ｏｐ ｅｅ 那家 工 厂将有 害气 体 排放 到 ｈ ｔ ｓｈ ｒ． ｍ 大气 中 。
Ｆｒ ｅ ｉ ｇ ｗｍ ｔｒ ｉ ｈ ｒ ｕ ｔ ｏ ａ ｇ ｅ ｚｎ ｅ ｓ ａ ｍｆ ｌ ｏ ｒ ｎ ｅ
ｎ ｔｒ ａ ｄ ｈ ｍａ ｉ ｎ ｔｅ ２ ｅ ｔｒ． ａ ｅ ｎ ｕ ｎｔ ｉ ｈ ｔｃｎｕ 气 ｕ ｙ １ ｓ ｙ 候 变化 是 ２ 世 纪人 类 和 自然 界 面 临 的最 大 ｌ
气， 我们就 不能 生存 。
Ｍ ａ ｔｒ ｅ ｅ ａ ｌ ｅ ｉｔ ｉ ｔ ｒ ｅ ｔ ｔ ｓ ｔｅ ｇ ｎ ｒ ｌ ｙ ｘ ｓｓ ｎ ｈ ｅ ｓａ ｅ ：
６ ｔｕ ．ｈ ｓ
【 考纲 释义 】ａｖ 因此 ； ｄ． 于是
Ｈｅ ｏ ｇ ｔ ｔ ｕｒ ｎ ｈ ａ ｉ ｎ ｈ ｆｒ ｏ ｏ ｔ ｎ ｏ ｔ ｅ ｒ ｄ ｏ ａ ｄ ｔ ｕｓ