建筑工程专业英语试题三及答案
三级考试题及答案
三级考试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 下列哪个选项是正确的英语表达？A. I have a lot of works to do.B. I have a lot of work to do.C. I have a lot of works to do it.D. I have a lot of work to do it.答案：B2. 以下哪个单词的拼写是错误的？A. AccommodationB. AcquaintenceC. RecieveD. Conscience答案：C3. 以下哪个句子的语法是正确的？A. She don't like to travel alone.B. She doesn't like to travel alone.C. She don't likes to travel alone.D. She doesn't likes to travel alone.答案：B4. 以下哪个短语的意思是“打破沉默”？A. Break the iceB. Break the recordC. Break the newsD. Break the promise答案：A5. 以下哪个单词的意思是“预测”？A. ForecastB. ForecastingC. ForetellD. Foretelling答案：C6. 以下哪个句子使用了正确的比较级形式？A. She is more taller than her sister.B. She is taller than her sister.C. She is more taller than her sister.D. She is more tall than her sister. 答案：B7. 以下哪个短语的意思是“克服困难”？A. Overcome difficultiesB. Overcome the difficultiesC. Over the difficultiesD. Overcome difficulties答案：A8. 以下哪个单词的拼写是正确的？A. DefinatelyB. DefinitelyC. DefinatlyD. Definately答案：B9. 以下哪个句子的时态使用是正确的？A. I am going to the store yesterday.B. I went to the store yesterday.C. I go to the store yesterday.D. I will go to the store yesterday.答案：B10. 以下哪个选项是正确的英语表达？A. He is the most honest of all the boys.B. He is honester than all the other boys.C. He is more honest than any other boy.D. He is the honestest of all the boys.答案：C二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）11. The ________ (重要) of the meeting was discussed at the beginning.答案：importance12. She is a ________ (天生的) singer and has a beautiful voice.答案：natural13. The ________ (结果) of the experiment was surprising.答案：outcome14. The ________ (计划) of the trip was changed due to bad weather.答案：schedule15. He is a ________ (熟练的) driver and can drive in any condition.答案：skilled16. The ________ (目的) of the project is to improve the environment.答案：objective17. The ________ (影响) of the policy on the economy was significant.答案：impact18. The ________ (原因) for his absence was not clear.答案：reason19. The ________ (细节) of the contract need to be reviewed. 答案：clauses20. The ________ (过程) of the negotiation was long and difficult.答案：process三、阅读理解题（每题3分，共30分）阅读以下短文，并回答问题。
新职业英语 土建英语 Unit 3
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Unit 3 Designing a Building
Reading A
Step Two: Investigate Local Conditions The design of any civil engineering structure is greatly influenced by local conditions. Even if the performance requirements are the same and the same type of structures is selected for different locations, each structure will exhibit differences in design so as to comply with the local conditions. Site elevations, foundation characteristics, water tables, immediate surroundings, and the environment as a whole are some of the local conditions that will need to be investigated.
Unit 3 Designing a Building
Warming-up
Task 2 Match the phrases with their Chinese equivalents.
1. preliminary design 2. specifications 3. comparison of drafts
专业英语课后习题参考答案
Unit 7 P56I、Translate the following words into Chinese1、Reinforced concrete钢筋混凝土2、Rolled-steel轧制钢3、Weldability可焊性4、Aggregate骨料5、Mortar砂浆6、Deformation变形II、Translate the following words into English1、冲击荷载shock loading2、软钢，低碳钢mild steel/low carbon steel3、冷拉hard drawn4、黏土砖clay brick5、收缩shrinkageIII、Translate the following sentence into Chinese1、The modern civil engineer needs to deal with a variety of materials that are oftenintegrated in the same structure , such as steel and concrete , or are used separatelyfor construction projects , such as pavement form asphalt and Portland cementconcrete.现代土木工程师需要处理大量建筑材料。
有时多种材料使用在同一结构中，如钢筋和混凝土；有时建筑材料被分别使用在单独的建筑项目中，例如沥青路面和硅酸盐水泥混凝土。
2、The useful engineering properties of both unalloyed and allyed aluminum are lowspecific gravity , resistance to corrosion , high electrical conductivity and excellentforming properties.铝和铝合金的有用的工程特性都是低比重，耐腐蚀，导电性能高和成型性能好。
建筑工程专业英语-吴承霞版考试资料
1.Construction engineering is a specialized branch of civil engineering concerned with thepianning ,execution,andcontrol of construction operations for various projects.planning consists of scheduling the work to be done and selecting the most suitable construction methods and equipment for the project .execution requires the timely mobilization of all drawings,layouts,and materials on the job to prevent delays to the work.control consists analyzing progress and cost to ensure that the project will be done on schedules and within the estimated cost.（一单）建筑工程是土木工程的一个分支，涉及项目的计划、实施和施工控制。
计划包括安排项目工程进度，选择适当的施工方法和设备。
实施则是要求及时筹备所有的图纸、布置和施工原料以防止工作延期。
控制包括进度和成本分析，以保证项目能按计划进行，并控制成本消耗在预期范围内。
2.Construction operations are generally classified according to specialized fields. These include preparation of the projectsite, earthmoving, foundation treatment, construction of load-carrying frame and electrical and mechanical installations.However, the relative importance of each field is not the same in all cases[5施工程序通常根据工种不同来分类，包括现场准备、挖运土方、地基处理、主体结构施工以及电器和机械安装，但是每个工种的相对重要性在各种情况下并不总是相同的。
英语三级考试试题及答案
英语三级考试试题及答案【篇一：英语三级考试真题】题及答案part ii structure (15 minutes)directions: this part is to test your ability to construct grammatically correct sentences. it consists of 2 sections.section adirections: in this section, there are 10 incomplete sentences.you are required to complete each one by deciding on themost appropriate word or words from the 4 choices marked a), b), c) and d). then you should mark the corresponding letter onthe answer sheet with a single line through the center.16. we must find a way to cut prices ________ reducing our profits too much.a) withoutb) despitec) withd) for17. she didn’t know ________ to express her ideas in english clearly in public.a) whichb) whyc) whatd) how18. ________ the weather improves, we will suffer a huge lossin the tourist industry.a) asb) sincec) whiled) unless19. we are happy at the good news ________ mr. black hasbeen awarded the best manager.a) thatb) whichc) whatd) whether20. it is important that we ________ the task ahead of time.a) will fishb) finishedc) finishd) shall finish21. would you please pass me the book ________ cover is black?a) whichb) whosec) thatd) its22. ________ in the company for three years, mark has become experienced in business negotiations.a) having workedb) have been workingc) have workedd) worked23. not until she arrived at the meeting room ________ she had forgotten to bring the document.a) she realizedb) did she realizec) she did realized) does she realize24. john had never been abroad before, ________ he found the business trip very exciting.a) becauseb) thoughc) sod) while25. ________ some students are able to find employment after graduation, others will have to return to school and earn an advanced degree.a) sinceb) whilec) becaused) ifsection bdirections: there are 10 incomplete statements here. you should fill in each blank with the proper form of the word given in brackets. write the word or words in the correspondingspace on the answer sheet.26. employees are not allowed (make) ________ personal phone calls in the office.27. the shop assistant priced the goods before (put) ________ them on the shelf.28. the purpose of new technology is to make life (easy)________, not to make it more difficult.29. the proposal about the annual sales (discuss) ________ at the next board meeting.30. since we work in different sections of the company, we see each other only (occasional) ________.31. some domestic manufacturers are busy increasing production, losing the chance to develop more (advance)________ technology.32. i shall appreciate your effort in (correct) ________ this error in my bank account as soon as possible.33. if your neighbors are too noisy, then you have a good reason to make your (complain) ________.34. 30 percent of the students who (interview) ________ yesterday believe they should continue with their education until they have a university degree.35. measures should be taken to avoid the negative effect (bring) ________ about by unfair competition.答案：16-20:addac 21-25:babcb26. to make 27. putting 28. easier29. will be discussed / is to be discussed / should be discussed30. occasionally 31. advanced 32. correcting33. complaint 34. were interviewed 35. broughtpart iii reading comprehension (40 minutes)directions: this part is to test your reading ability. there are 5 tasks for you to fulfill. you should read the reading materials carefully and do the tasks as you are instructed.task 1directions: after reading the following passage, you will find 5 questions or unfinished statements, numbered 36 to 40. for each question or statement there are 4 choices marked a), b), c) and d). you should make the correct choice and mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the center.google, the internet search-engine company, has announced itwill give more than twenty-five million dollars in money andinvestments to help the poor. the company says the effortinvolves using the power of information and technology tohelp people improve their lives. aleem walji works for -- the part of the company that gives money togood causes. he said the company’s first project will helpidentify whereinfectious (传染性的) diseases are developing. in southeastasia and africa, for example, will work with partnersto strengthen early-warning systems and take action againstgrowing health threats.’s second project will invest in ways to help smalland medium-sized businesses grow. walji says microfinance(小额信贷) is generally small, short-term loans that create fewjobs. instead, he says wants to develop ways tobring investors and business owners together to create jobsand improve economic growth. will also give money to help two climate-changeprograms announced earlier this year. one of these programsstudies ways to make renewable (再生的) energy less costlythan coal-based energy. the other is examining the effortsbeing made to increase the use of electric cars.the creators of google have promised to give aboutone percent of company profits and one percent of its totalstock value every year. aleem walji says this amount mayincrease in the future.36. the purpose of google’s investments is to ________.a) help poor peopleb) develop new technologyc) expand its own businessd) increase the power of information37. according to aleem walji, the company’s first project is to ________.a) set up a new system to warn people of infectious diseasesb) find out where infectious diseases developc) identify the causes of infectious diseasesd) cure patients of infectious diseases38. what kind of businesses will benefit from ’s second project?a) large enterprisesb) cross-national companiesc) foreign-funded corporationsd) small and medium-sized businesses39. from the fourth paragraph, we learn that google’s money is also invested to help ________.a) start more research programsb) make more advanced electric carsc) develop renewable and coal-based energyd) conduct studies related to climate changes40. from the last paragraph we learn that the investments by come from ________.a) google’s profits and stock valueb) some international it companiesc) the company’s ow n interestsd) local commercial bankstask 2directions: this task is the same as task 1. the 5 questions orunfinished statements are numbered 41 to 45.your boss holds your future prospects in his hands. somebosses are hard to get along with. some have excellentqualifications but no idea when it comes to dealing with people.of course, not all bosses are like that.the relationship you have with your boss can be a major factorin determining your rise up the career ladder. your boss is notonly your leader, he is also the person best equipped to helpyou do the job you are paid to do. he can inform you ofcompany direction that may affect your professionaldevelopment.your boss also needs you to perform at your best in order toaccomplish his objectives. he needs your feedback in order toprovide realistic and useful reports to upper management. buthow does this help you establish a meaningful workingrelationship with your boss?the key is communication. learn and understand his goals andpriorities (优先的事). observe and understand your boss’s work style. if he has not been clear with his expectations, ask!likewise, ask for feedback and accept criticism gracefully. andif he understands that you do not view your job as justsomething to fill the hours between 9 and 5, he may be morelikely to help you.in short, getting along with your boss requires getting to knowhis likes and dislikes and learning to work with his personalityand management style.41. the main idea of the first paragraph is that ________.a) bosses are hard to deal withb) bosses have good characterc) bosses determine your career futured) bosses must have similar personality42. in the second paragraph, ―rise up the career ladder‖ (line2) means ________.a) going to work abroadb) changing jobs frequentlyc) being promoted in positiond) pursuing an advanced degree43. in order to achieve his objectives, your boss expects thatyou will ________.a) do your best in your workb) show your management skillsc) get along with your colleaguesd) write reports to upper management44. the most important factor for establishing a good workingrelationship with the boss is ________.a) high expectationsb) quick feedbackc) frequent criticismd) effective communication45. the best title for the passage might be ________.a) how to take care of your boss.b) how to get along with your bossc) how to accept your boss’s criticismd) how to accomplis h your boss’s objective答案：36-40:abdda41-45:ccadbtask 3directions: the following is an announcement. after reading it,you are required to complete the outline below it (no.46 tono.50). you should write your answers briefly (in no more thanthree words) on the answer sheet correspondingly.we welcome you aboard the eastern flight and will do our bestto make your trip comfortable and enjoyable.for your safety and convenienceto begin the trip, we would like to draw your attention to somesafety-related details. these are also explained on theinstruction card in the seat pocket in front of you. seat beltsmust remain fastened while the ―fasten seatbelts‖ sign is on. it is advisable to keep them fastened at all times while seated.all flights are non-smoking. the use of mobile telephones isnow allowed when the airplane is on the ground. during theflight the use of cd and dvd players is not allowed. for yourentertainmentto help you enjoy your trip, we provide a range of newspapers.on our md-11 and boeing aircraft, we provide music and videoprograms. on airbus a 321/320/319, short videos are shown.meals and drinksduring most flights we serve you a tasty meal and drinks. beer,wine and other drinks are served free of charge. coffee, tea andjuice are served free of charge on all domestic (国内的) flights.on domestic flights leaving before nine and on all flights tonorthern china, a snack is served.eastern flight servicesafety and convenience1) seat belts: remain -46- while the ―fasten seatbelts‖ sign is on2) smoking: not allowed on board3) mobile phones: used only when the airplane is -47-4) cd and dvd: not allowed to play -48-entertainment provided1) newspapers2) music and -49- on md-11 and boeing aircraftmeals and drinks on board1) meals served on most flights【篇二：大学英语3级考试真题】>一、听力测试 (本大题满分25分，每小题1分)做题时，先将答案划在试卷上。
《建筑工程专业英语》教学资源包 期末试卷及答案 期末试卷 (A)
页，共2页( ) 9.construction contractor i. 框架结构( ) 10. building wiring j. 建筑材料II Translate the following sentences.（每题5分，共50分）（1）Specialists are often called on to valuate real estate and facilitate transactions.（2）Concrete is used more than any other man-made material and over 5 billion tons are used worldwide each year，the reason for this is that it is really the ultimate construction material.（3）Glass“curtain walls” can be used to cover the entire facade of a building，or it can be used to span over a wide roof structure in a “space frame”.（4）New alloys have further increased the strength of steel and eliminated some of its problems，such as metal fatigue，which is a tendency for it to weaken as a result of continual changes in stress.（5）In addition to cost amounts，information on material quantities and labor inputs within each job account is also typically retained in the project budget. （6）The i—Home Enabler is a multi-functional controller that transforms your private life from a busy unorganized style into a technology-driven, automated, and relaxing one.第2页，共2页7）To enable wires to be easily and safely identified, all common wiringa typical electrical code, some colour-coding is mandatory, while some 8）The design, detailing, and choice of materials of the furnishings are 9）Designing and choosing exterior furnishings for a building should be 10）Progress schedule is a supply plan that, according to the progressand the engineering quantity of the construction project, proposes equipment, component and so on. （每小题15分，共分）1. Civil construction technology’s range is wide and content is very rich. For example ， earth and rock works ， foundation works ， masonry works ， reinforced concrete works ， prestressed concrete engineering ，main structure construction of buildings and structures ， formwork and scaffold works ， installation engineering ， waterproofing works and decoration projects ， etc. . It must be prepared well in organizational design and pay attention to safeproduction during the construction.2. Green building materials are composed of renewable, rather than nonrenewable resources. Green materials are environmentally responsible because impacts are considered over the life of the product. Depending upon project-specific goals, an assessment of green materials may involve an evaluation of one or more of the criteria.。
建筑专业英语试题及答案
建筑专业英语试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. What is the term for the main vertical structural element in a building?A. ColumnB. BeamC. SlabD. Foundation2. The process of applying plaster to walls is known as:A. TilingB. RenderingC. PlasteringD. Drywalling3. Which of the following is a type of roofing material?A. BrickB. ConcreteC. AsphaltD. Glass4. The term "architectural scale" refers to:A. A set of rules for building designB. A tool used for measuring distances on architectural drawingsC. A method of constructionD. A type of building material5. What is the function of a lintel in construction?A. To support a wallB. To support a door or window openingC. To provide insulationD. To prevent water infiltration6. The abbreviation "RC" in construction stands for:A. Reinforced CementB. Roof ConstructionC. Residential ConstructionD. Raw Concrete7. The term "load-bearing wall" is used to describe a wall that:A. Carries the weight of the roof and floorsB. Is used for decorationC. Is non-structuralD. Separates rooms8. What does "green building" refer to?A. A building covered in plantsB. A building made from recycled materialsC. A building designed to reduce environmental impactD. A building with a lot of windows for natural light9. The process of attaching a building to the ground is known as:A. AnchoringB. FoundationingC. GroundingD. Embedding10. What is the purpose of a "cantilever" in construction?A. To provide additional supportB. To allow a structure to extend beyond its supportC. To increase the height of a buildingD. To create a decorative effect二、填空题（每空1分，共10分）11. The structural system that uses a series of arches to distribute weight is known as a _______.12. The process of cutting and shaping stone is known as_______.13. A _______ is a type of joint that allows for some movement between connected parts.14. The term "facade" refers to the front of a building, which is often the _______ of the structure.15. The _______ is the part of a building that connects the roof to the walls.三、简答题（每题5分，共20分）16. Explain the difference between "load-bearing" and "non-load-bearing" walls.17. Describe the role of a "cantilever" in architectural design.18. What is the significance of "sustainability" in modern architecture?19. Discuss the importance of "thermal insulation" in building construction.四、翻译题（每题5分，共30分）20. Translate the following sentence into English:“悬挑结构能够创造出独特的建筑形态，但同时也需要精心的设计以确保结构的稳定性。
建筑工程英语试题
一、选择填空1. Between the buildings （ B ）a secondary school.A. standB. standsC. to standD. standing2. Neither I nor he （ B ） fond of music.A. amB. isC. areD. were3.The laws that （ A ）how the buildings maybe made are building codes.A. tellB. ellsC. toldD. telling4.It is expensive （ C ）future cities on the sea.A build B. built C. to build D. builds5.The（ A ）cements are widely used on the construction site.A.above-mentionedB.above-mentioningC.above-mentionD.above-mentions6.The production of steel has been increased （ B）70%.A.inB.byC.atD.on7.Let’s discuss only such questions （ C ）concern everyone of us.A.whichB.thatC.asD.those8.He has to know（ D ）strong the materials are.A. thatB.whatC.whichD. how9.The Great Wall of China is the biggest structure（ A ）man has ever built.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.when10. （ B ）you go, you can see many buildings.A.WhoeverB.WhereverC.WheneverD.Whatever11.We are looking forward to （ C） from you soon.A.hearB.heardC.hearingD. hears12.Five yuan （ A ）too cheap for the dictionary.A.isB.areC.wereD.has been13.We should aim at combining beauty and comfort （ C ）a welcoming friendliness.A.toB.inC.withD.for14.We can see an engineer （ A ）a device in the picture.A.adjustingB.adjustsC.adjustedD.adjust15.You are studying at college,（ B ）.A.so do weB.so are weC.we are soD.we do so16. （ C ）of the English films are familiar to me. I’ve never seen them before.A.BothB.NothingC.NoneD.Any17.If the garden is big, some floodlights can be （ A ）A.installedB.producedC.requiredD.fixture18.Dose your shop （B）rebar ?A.developB.supplyC.settleD.make19.It’s our duty to （ A ）the specification .ply withpleteC.knowD.make20.The bigger quantity you order, ( A ).A. the lower price you will be offeredB. the low price you will be offeredC. you will be offered lower priceD. you will be offer low二、词组互译1．小区规范 ( zoning codes) 2.钢筋混凝土 (reinforced concrete)3.供热设备 (the heating system)4.人工费 (labor cost)5.工艺 (workmanship)6.铸铁管 (cast iron pipe)7.承包商 (contractor)8.土木工程 (the civil engineering)9.工程量清单 (the bill of quantities) 10.建筑师 (architect) 11.tripod (三脚架) 12.lighting system (照明系统)13.site safety program (工地安全方案) 14.quality assurance (质量保证)15.bank guarantees (银行担保) 16.material cost (材料费) 17.technical staff (技术人员) 18.the layout of the rooms (房屋布局)19.town planning rules (城市规划) 20.office automation system (办公自动系统)三、选词填空( minimum \ insurance \ as well \ vary \ serve \ support \ apply \ foundation \ spread \ protect…from )1. Foreign language can ( serveas )a tool.2. We have to ( support ) the roof with pillars.3. Roofs( vary ) in shape from place to place.4. They are trying to achieve the maximum of efficiency with the ( minimum ) of labor.5. He has found a suitable piece of land and an experienced builder ( as well ).6. As he bought the fire( insurance ), he didn’t suffer severely from the great fire.7. As indicated the ( foundation )are bases of the building, which play an important part in construction.8. We should ( apply ) theory to practice.9. The disease( is spreadby )flies.We should ( protect )our plants ( from ) the cold.四．翻译句子1. Materials used for doors and window frames are timber, iron and aluminum alloys. ( 用于门、窗框的材料可以是木材、铁、铝合金。
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建筑工程专业英语试题三及答案
I Match the English in Column A with their Chinese equivalents in Column B（每题2分，共20分）
Column A Column B
( ) 1.reinforced concrete a. 工程造价
( ) 2. frame structure b. 建筑布线
( ) 3.construction cost c. 招标文件
( ) 4.cost estimate d. 施工图纸
( ) 5. building materials e. 钢筋混凝土
( ) 6. project quality and safety f. 施工承包商
( ) 7.construction drawings g. 成本估算
( ) 8. tendering documents h. 工程质量和安全
( ) 9.construction contractor i. 框架结构
( ) 10. building wiring j. 建筑材料
II Translate the following sentences.（每题5分，共50分）
（1）Specialists are often called on to valuate real estate and facilitate transactions.
（2）Concrete is used more than any other man-made material and over 5 billion tons are used worldwide each year，the reason for this is that it is really the ultimate construction material.
（3）Glass“curtain walls” can be used to cover the entire facade of a
building，or it can be used to span over a wide roof structure in a “space frame”.
（4）New alloys have further increased the strength of steel and eliminated some of its problems，such as metal fatigue，which is a tendency for it to weaken as a result of continual changes in stress.
（5）In addition to cost amounts，information on material quantities and labor inputs within each job account is also typically retained in the project budget.
（6）The i—Home Enabler is a multi-functional controller that transforms your private life from a busy unorganized style into a technology-driven, automated, and relaxing one.
（7）To enable wires to be easily and safely identified, all common wiring safety codes mandate a colour scheme for the insulation on power conductors. In a typical electrical code, some colour-coding is mandatory, while some may be optional.
（8）The design, detailing, and choice of materials of the furnishings are important not only for design continuity but also for both durability and ease of maintenance.
（9）Designing and choosing exterior furnishings for a building should be approached in the context of both the comprehensive urban environment of the building and the specific streets where the furnishings are to be used.
（10）Progress schedule is a supply plan that, according to the progress schedule and the engineering quantity of the construction project, proposes labor, material, machinery and equipment, component and so on.
III Translate the following paragraphs into Chinese.（每小题15分，共30分）
1. Civil construction technology’s range is wide and content is very rich.
For example，earth and rock works，foundation works，masonry works，reinforced concrete works，prestressed concrete engineering，main structure construction of buildings and structures，formwork and scaffold works，installation engineering，waterproofing works and decoration projects，etc. . It must be prepared well in organizational design and pay attention to safe production during the construction.
2. Green building materials are composed of renewable, rather than
nonrenewable resources. Green materials are environmentally responsible because impacts are considered over the life of the product. Depending upon project-specific goals, an assessment of green materials may involve an evaluation of one or more of the criteria.
答案
I Match the English in Column A with their Chinese equivalents in Column B
1. e
2. i
3. a
4. g
5. j
6. h
7. d
8. c
9. f 10 b II. Translate the following sentences
(1) 在房地产评估和交易时相应造就出了一些相关专业人员。
(2) “玻璃幕墙”可以用来覆盖建筑物的整个表面，或者它可以作为一个大跨度屋顶用在一个“空间框架”的结构中。
（3）全世界每年使用的混凝土超过任何其他人工材料，数量上超过50亿吨，其原因是它确实是首要的建筑材料。
（4）新的合金进一步提高了钢材的强度，并去除了一些缺点如金属疲劳性，即在连续的应力变化下导致强度减弱的趋势。
(5) 除了成本报告之外，工程项目预算还应保留每项工作报吿有关材料数量和劳动力投入的信息。
(6) 智能家居系统是一套集多功能于一体的操控系统，替您把琐碎、忙碌又劳心劳力的家居生活，转变成为高科技、自动化又轻松的生活。
（7）为了容易和安全地辨别电线，所有常见的布线安全规范都对电力导线绝缘的颜色做出了要求。
典型的电气规范中，有一些彩色编码是强制性的，而有些是可选择的。
（8）建筑节能是建筑发展的基本趋势，也是当代建筑科学技术的一个新的生长点。
（9）为一栋建筑物的外部陈设进行设计和选择的时候，需要同时考虑到综合的城市环境和外部陈设所处的街道。
（10）施工进度计划是根据施工进度及建设项目的工程量，提出劳动力、材料、
机械设备、构件等的供应计划。
III Translate the following paragraphs into Chinese
1. 土木工程的建筑施工范围广泛，内容极为丰富。
例如，土石方工程、基础工程、砌筑工程、钢筋混凝土工程、预应力混凝土工程、房屋和构筑物主体结构施工、模板与脚手架工程、安装工程、防水工程及装饰工程等。
进行施工时，必须做好组织设计，并注意安全生产。
2. 绿色建筑材料是由可再生的，而并非不可再生资源所构成的。
绿色建筑材料是环保的，因为这影响到整个产品的生命。
根据项目的具体目标，绿色建筑材料的评价可能涉及一个或多个标准评价。