高考高频动词及动词短语
高考英语动词及动词短语知识点及高频考点练习(含答案)

高考英语动词及动词短语知识点及高频考点练习(含答案)动词及其词组的灵活运用是英语的特色之一,也是学生学习中的难点,因此每年均为测试的重点。
在历年高考试题中动词所占的比例最大,设题时往往都是给出四个不同的动词或短语来测试考生在具体语境中对动词(短语)意义的理解和运用。
其考点主要包括:1.考查动词词义辨析。
包括常见动词用法辨析、近义词辨析、词形相近词辨析和用法相近词辨析。
2.考查动词短语辨析。
主要包括同根动词短语的辨析、同根介词或副词的动词短语的辨析、不同动词构成的动词短语的辨析以及“动词+副词+介词”短语的辨析。
在动词词组的测试中,绝大多数为基础动词,出现频率较高的词有:get,turn,make,put,go,give,break,cut,come,look,keep,bring,show,pick,hold,fall,carry,pull,catch,call,take 等。
高考对动词、动词短语的考查,除了考查其基本含义辨析外,更注重动词(短语)的新义和引申义,如:polish 抛光,磨光(本意)→修正,文饰(引申); sniff 嗅,闻(本意)→鄙视地说,嗤之以鼻(引申); stir 移动,搅拌(本意)→煽动(引申); break down 发生故障,失灵,失效(本意)→坍塌,崩溃,瓦解,中断,中止(引申),同时还有“恸哭”之意; look into 向里面看(本意)→调查,研究(引申),同时还有“浏览”之意; work out 的基本意思为“解决,算出,制订出”,较生意思为“锻炼”。
3.考查系动词、半系动词用法。
动词作系动词用时,后面常接形容词、名词、分词和不定式等,此时动词没有进行时和被动语态。
这类动词有:appear, become, feel, look, sound, seem, taste, prove, remain, stay, smell, grow, turn, go, come, fall, stand, lie, exist 等。
高中英语读后续写动作描写高频动词短语

高中英语读后续写动作描写高频动词短语读后续写高频动词短语(一)手上动作的描写1.bury(buried) the treasure把宝藏埋起来2.push the box推盒子/pull the curtain拉上窗帘3.shoot(shot) a video拍视频/shoot the bird开枪打那只鸟3.pour the tea倒茶/tears pour down眼泪流下来5.squeeze out挤出来/squeeze the juice榨果汁6.hand sth. in上交/hand out sth.分发7.fold the paper折叠纸/unfold the envelop打开封8.fold one’s arms双手交叉(谓语)/with one’s arms crossed(状语)9.hug(hugged) sb./give(gave) sb. a hug/gather sb. into one’s arms抱或人10.wave sth. wildly/ wave at sb./ wave goodbye to sb.用力挥动…/向…挥手/和…挥手道别11.shake(shook) hands with sb.和或人握手12.hand sb. sth.把…递给或人13.place sth. in one’s hand把…放在或人手上14.reach out one’s hand伸出手15.reach into one’s pocket把手伸入口袋16.pull sth. out from the pocket/handbag把…从口袋/包包里拿出来17.gently wrap(wrapped) sth.轻轻地把…包裹起来18.pound one’s doorbell按门铃19.knock on one’s door敲门20.shut(shut) the door关门21.hold(held) one’s hand tightly紧紧握住某人的手22.hold(held) sth. in one’s hand把…握/拿在手里23.collect sheets/papers收试卷24.point to/at sth./sb.指着25.wipe the dirt擦掉尘土26.touch one’s hair gently温柔地摸摸某人的头发27.pat(patted)/tap(tapped) one’s head/shoulder/the pet轻拍或人的头/肩膀/宠物28.clap(clapped) warmly热烈鼓掌29.present sb. with sth.把…赠与某人30.pick up sth.捡起/拿起/ pick up the phone接德律风31.grab(grabbed) sth.抓住/拿起32.press the button按按钮33.roll down the car window摇下车窗34.throw(threw) away sth.扔掉35.cover A with B.用B盖上A36.hit(hit) sb. in the face打或人的脸37.take(took) some photos (of sb./sth.)拍(…的)照片38.post the picture online把照片发到网上39.send(sent) an email to sb.给或人发一封邮件40.text sb.给或人发短(二)脚部举措的描述1.kick the ball踢球2.stand(stood) silently默默站着3.stand(stood) still站着一动不动4.jump up跳起来5.sit(sat) around闲坐着6.remain seated一向坐着7.sb. be seated at the table某人坐在桌边8.rise(rose) to one’s feet站起来(三)和移动相关的描写1.head for .../leave(left) for.../set(set) off for...前往2.make(made) one’s way to ...前去3.rush to .../rush out of ...冲向/冲出4.dash to/towards the finishing line冲向终点线(反:starting line起跑线)5.disappear into the crowd在人群中消逝6.suddenly appear before sb.突然出现在某人面前7.wait (for sb.) patiently耐烦期待8.enter the house进入屋子9.flee(fled) away逃窜/escape (from)(从...)逃走10.tiptoe to ...轻手轻脚的走去…11.pace around ...在某地走来走去12.pace back and forth来回踱步13.wander around the street/ hang out在街上闲逛14.go(went) jogging去慢跑15.step(stepped) forward向前迈一步/step aside闪一边16.approach sb.靠近/走近某人17.trip(tripped) over绊倒18.slide(slid) out溜出去/slide into bed溜上床19.deliver sth. to sb.给或人递送…20.drive(drove) sb. (to ...)开车送或人(去某地)21.ride(rode) a bike/motorbike/horse骑单车/摩托/马(四)“说”的表达1.sighv.叹气2.inquire/questionv.询问3.reply(replied)v.回应~ to sb.4.respondv.回应5.addv.补充说6.answerv.回答7.scoldv.责骂某人8.blamev.责备9.jokev.开玩笑10.declare/announcev.宣11.explainv.说明12.murmurv.喃喃细语rm (sb.) of sth./that +从句通知某人14.in a low voice低声15.didn’t say a (single) word(谓语)/without saying a word (状语)一声不响/甚么也没说16.say(said) to oneself自言自语17.whisper (sth.) to sb.低声说,窃窃密语18.screamv. / let out a scream喊叫,发出尖叫19.can’t help letting out screams不由得大呼20.shout at the top of one’s voice大呼21.reply in a calm/excited voice用默默/镇静的嗓音复兴22.speak(spoke) with a gentle/threatening voice用温柔/胁性的嗓音说23.ask politely礼貌地问24.quarrel/argue with sb.和…打骂/狡辩fort sb.安慰某人26.chat(chatted)/talk/communicate with sb.和某人交谈27.tell(told) sb. sth./that…告诉或人…(五)“看”的表达1.stare at盯着2.glare at怒目而视3.glance through/at渐渐瞥一眼4.keep(kept) one’s eyes fixed on sb./sth.紧盯着…5.watch the competition/TV看竞赛/电视6.read(read) the note/book看字条/书7.appreciate the view/art works看美景/艺术作品8.look out of the window往窗外看9.observe carefully/ with attention细致窥察10.check one’s smart phone看11.recognize sb.认出某人12.catch(caught) sight of /lose(lost) sight of瞥见/看不见13.spot(spotted) sb. doing sth.发现某人正在某事14.notice sb. doing sth.留意到或人正在做某事(六)其他常见举措1.rescue/savev.援救2.attackv.攻击3.discoverv.发觉4.bleed(bled)v.流血5.dig(dug) out挖出6.wonder v.想知道,琢磨着7.criticize sb.批评/ praise sb.表扬/ thumb up竖起大拇指8.nod(nodded) thoughtfully/seriously如有所思地/庄重地址颔首9.lower one’s head低头10.kiss sb. on the cheek亲或人的面颊11.be surrounded by sb./sth.被…所围困12.blow(blew) out all the candles吹蜡烛13.beg(begged) (sb.) (for sth.)/(to do sth.)恳求14.greet sb. (warmly) (with a smile/hug)(热忱地/面带笑容地/用拥抱)欢迎或人15.sb. readily agree或人怅然赞成16.cheer sb. up激励或人/使或人振抖擞来17.calm (sb.) down使或人默默下来18.recall one’s childhood回想起或人的童年19.hesitate (to do) v.犹豫/ do sth. without hesitation毫不犹豫做某事20.park one’s car in ...在某处停车/ pull over靠边停21.st art one’s car启动车辆22.miss the train/bus错过火车/公车23.pray for sb./sth.为…而祈祷24.sb. fall(fell) asleep某人睡着了25.bend(bent) down哈腰26.remind sb of sth.使某人想起某事27.picture/imagine sb. doing sth.想象某人正在做某事28.focus one’s thoughts on sth.脑子里想着…29.reflect on仔细思考30.understand(understood)/help each other相互了解/匡助31.figure out想出/想认识打听e(came) up with an idea/An idea occurred to me想到一个主见33.convince/persuade sb. (to do sth.)压服或人做…34.cherish/value/treasure our friendship珍惜我们之间的友谊35.make up one’s mind to do sth.下定决心做某事36.change one’s mind改动设法主见37.admit(admitted) one’s mistake承认错误/ admit doing sth.承认做某事38.return to ...回去/return sth.=give back sth.归还某物39.lie(lied) to sb.对某人撒谎40.apologize to sb. for sth./say sorry to sb.因某事向或人性歉41.hold(held) one’s tongue/ fall silent默不作声42.raise the eyebrows扬起眉毛e across偶然遇到44.keep(kept)/break(broke) the record保持/打破记录45.benefit a lot (from) (从...中)获益匪浅(七)常识( common sense )1.Santa Clause圣诞老人2.Christmas present/gift圣诞礼物3.Jesus4.god天主5.heaven天国6.Halloween万圣节7.trick or treat不给糖果就捣鬼(万圣节举动)8.Thanksgiving感恩节9.Confucius孔子10.white lie善意的谎言11.souvenir记念品12.marathon马拉松13.sled雪橇v14.live broadcast现场直播15.Better late than never.亡羊补牢,为时不晚。
英语常用动词搭配短语

I.考试高频短语动词高频词: break, bring, call, come,get, hold, pull, go, keep, look,make, put, run, set, take, turn;次高频: cut, draw, fall, hand, leave, pick, give;高频词(1〕 break-phrases● break away突然离开,强行逃脱:break away from the British Empire and become an independent country摆脱大英帝国而成为一个独立的国家●break down ★★1.损坏: Our car broke down.我们的车抛锚了。
2.〔健康等〕垮掉,崩溃: His health has broken down completely.他的健康已经完全垮了。
● break in/into1.非法闯入,强行进入:The burglars broke in and stole my money.窃贼破门而入偷走了我的钱。
/ break into the room闯进房间2. 打断,插嘴: He broke in with some ideas of his own.他插话说明自己的观点。
● break off中断,突然停止★:He broke off to answer the telephone.他停下来去接。
● break out爆发,突然出现★★:The American Civil War broke out in 1861.美国内战于1861年爆发。
●break through ★★1. 突围,冲破:It was a cloudy, but the sun broke through at last.原来是个阴天,不过最后太阳终于出来了。
2. 取得突破性成就:We hope to break through soon in the fight against cancer.我们希望在与癌症斗争中很快有所突破。
高考语法填空高频词汇及变形

高考语法填空高频词汇及变形高考语法填空高频词汇及变形可能包括以下内容,但不限于:1. 动词:be: was/were, beendo: did, donego: went, gonehave: had, hadsee: saw, seenwrite: wrote, written2. 名词:change: 变化(无变形)experience: 经历(experiences)success: 成功(successful, succeed)3. 形容词:happy: 开心的(happily)easy: 简单的(easily)sad: 悲伤的(sadly)4. 副词:already: 已经nearly: 几乎seldom: 很少always: 总是5. 其他:the other day: 另一天other: 其他的(形容词)another: 另一个(形容词或代词)none: 没有一个all: 所有either: 或者neither: 两者都不6. 动词时态变形:一般现在时:动词原型,第三人称单数加-s/-es。
例如:work, works。
现在进行时:be + -ing。
例如:be working。
过去时:动词的过去式。
例如:worked。
完成时:have + -ed形式。
例如:have worked。
7. 形容词和副词的比较级和最高级变形:形容词:比较级 + -er,最高级 + -est。
例如:happy, happier, happiest。
副词:比较级 + -lier,最高级 + -est。
例如:happily, more happily, most happily。
8. 其他变形规则:名词复数:一般情况下在名词后加-s/-es。
例如:dogs。
动词不定式:to + -原形动词。
例如:to work。
9. 其他常见的词汇和短语:on time: 准时in time: 及时at first: 首先,最初in the end: 最后,最终10. 其他变形可能包括:反身代词、物主代词、指示代词、疑问代词、连词、感叹词等。
20个高频动词短语

1. 以break为中心的词组break away from 脱离,逃离break down 破坏,粉碎;瓦解;出故障,抛锚break in 闯进,打断;使顺服break into 闯入;强行进入;突然开始break out 爆发,发生;准备使用;起锚break the law 违反法律break the record 破记录break one’s promise 失言break up 开垦,破碎;解散,分开,分解2. 以catch为中心的词组be caught doing 被发现做某事be caught in the rain 淋雨catch a bus/train 赶汽车/火车catch a cold 伤风,感冒catch one’s word 听懂某人的话catch sight of 发现,瞥见catch up with 赶上,追及,追上3. 以come为中心的词组come across 偶尔发现,想起;越过;偿付come along 一道来,陪伴;进步,进展;出现come at 达到,求得,得到;扑向,袭击come back 回来;恢复,复原come down 倒下;降落;跌落;病倒come from 来自,起源于,从~~产生,生于come in 进来,进入;流行起来;获名次come into being 发生,产生,出现,形成come into power 开始执政,当权,当选come into use 开始使用,获得应用come on 上演;开始;赶快;发展;登台;(问题)被提出come out 出来,传出;出版;结果是;褪色;(秘密)泄露come to 苏醒,复原;共计;达到;归结于come to an end 终止,结束come to know 开始了解到come true 实现,成为现实;证实come up 走近;上楼;长出,发芽4. 以do为中心的词组be done in 精疲力竭be done with 完全结束do a good deed 做一件好事do away with 去掉,废除;弄死;浪费do good to (=do sb. good) 有益于do harm to (=do sb. good) 有害于do its work 有效,有作用do much 极有用do wrong to 做错do one’s best 尽某人最大努力do one’s homework 做作业do one’s utmost 尽力而为do proud 足以使~~骄傲do sb. justice 公平对待某人do some cleaning (V+ing,etc.) 搞卫生do sb. a favor 帮助某人do well in 学得不错,干得漂亮do with 和~~相处,忍受,处理do without 不需要,不用do wonders 创造奇迹have much to do with 和~~很有关系have nothing to do with 与~~无关have something to do with 和~~有关in doing so=in so doing 这时,在这种情况下That will do. 行了;够了5. 以get为中心的词组get about 徘徊,走动,旅行;流传get above oneself 自视高傲get accustomed to 习惯于,对~~习以为常get across 度过,通过,横过;说服,使理解get ahead of 胜过,超过get along 前进,进步;同意;离去get along with 与~~相处get at 发现,了解;掌握;攻击get away 离开,逃脱get back 取回,回来;报复get behind 落后;识破get down 咽下;写下;使沮丧,使抑郁get down to 认真对待,静下心来get familiar with 熟悉get hold of 获得,取得get home 到家get in 进入,陷入;牵涉get off 送走;脱下(衣服);下车;动身get on 上车;穿上;进步,使前进;成功;相处get upon with 进步;在~~方面获得成功get one’s hand in 熟悉;习惯get out of 由~~出来,从~~得出;避免;退休get over 越过;恢复,痊愈;克服;完成get ready for 为~~作准备get rid of 除去,去掉;免除,摆脱get through 到达,完成,通过;及格get together 积聚,积累;商谈,取得一致意见get up 起床,起立;研究,钻研;致力于;安排,组织get used to 习惯于have got to do 不得不,必须6. 以give为中心的词组be given to 沉溺于,癖好give about 分配;传播give and take 相互迁就give away 赠送;牺牲;泄露;颁发give back 归还give cause 给予~~的理由give ear to 侧耳倾听give forth 发出,放出;发表give in 屈服,让步,投降give in to 同意,接受;向~~让步give off 发出(烟,气味)give oneself out to be/as 自称为give oneself up to 专心于;向~~自首give out 分发,公布give place to 让位于,被~~所替代give rise to 引起,导致;使~~发生give sb. to understand 通知某人give up 放弃;停止give way to 让步,退却;屈服于7. 以look为中心的词组look about 四下环顾;查看look after 照顾,看管look around 东张西望look at 注视,着眼于look back 回顾look for 寻找;期待,期望look down on 俯视;轻视look forward to 盼望,期待look into 窥视;调查;浏览look like 看起来象look on 旁观;面向look out 向外看;注意;当心,堤防look over 从上面看过去;检查look through 透过~~看去;看穿;浏览look up to 仰望,尊敬8. 以make为中心的词组be made from 由~~原料制成be made of 由~~材料制成be made up of 由~~组成make a fool of 愚弄,欺骗make a mistake 弄错make a point of doing 强调;认为~~重要;决心,坚持make advantages/use of 使用,利用make after 追求,追赶make believe 假装make certain 确信,把~~弄清楚make contact with 接通,与~~接触,与~~联系make for 去向,向~~前进;有利于make friends with 和~~交友make into 把~~制成,使~~转变为make much of 重视;理解;赏识make one’s mind on sth. 决定某事make one’s own 当作自己的看待make oneself at home 随便,别拘束make out 填写;开支票;理解;辨认make the best of 尽量利用;极为重视make up 弥补,修理;赔偿,补偿;起草;编造;化装make up to 接近,巴结;向~~求爱make way for 为~~让路,让路于on the make 急求成功;增加9. 以put为中心的词组put aside 把~~放在一边;搁置;排除put away 把~~放好,把~~收拾;储藏;吃喝,吃掉put back 把~~放回原处;驳回put down 放下;镇压;制止;记下;削减;降落put forward 提出;拨快;建议,推荐;提倡,倡议put ~~ into 把~~放入;插入;翻译成put off 推迟,延期;消除;推脱,推辞put on 上演;穿上,带上put one’s heart into 全神贯注,专心致志put up 举起,挂起;提名,推荐;陈列put up with 忍受,容忍10. 以take为中心的词组be taken aback 吃惊take a seat 就坐take a shower 淋浴,洗澡take aim 瞄准,设立目标take away 拿走,减去;夺去take ~~ by surprise 出奇制胜take care of 当心,注意;照顾;提防;谨慎;处理,对付;负责take ~~ for 把~~当作take off 脱去,除去;离开;起飞;模仿;起程;致死;复制,作副本;减弱take office 就职,上任take one’s place 就坐,入坐take one’s temperature 量体温take part in 参与,参加take place = happen 发生,举行take the place of 代替take pride in 以~~为荣,对~~骄傲take sb. by the arm 拉某人的胳膊take it easy 别着急,慢慢来11. 以turn为中心的词组give a new turn to 对~~予以新的看法in one’s turn 轮到某人做某事out of turn 不按次序的,不合适宜的take one’s turn to do 轮到做turn a blind eye to 对~~视而不见turn against 背叛,采取敌对态度turn back 折回,往回走turn down 折叠,翻下,驳回,拒绝考虑turn into 走进;变成,变为turn to ~~for help 求助于turn off 关上(自来水,电器开关);解雇,辞退;避开(问题);制造;生产turn on 打开(自来水,电器开关);反对;依靠,依赖,取决于turn one’s attention to 把注意力转向turn out 培养;证明是;制成;实际情况是turn out to be 原来是,证明是,结果是turn over a new leaf 翻开新的一页,重新开始,改过自新turn (a)round 旋转,转过身来;改变意见;采取新政策turn to 变成;着手于12.以cut 为中心的短语cut off 切断;中断;使死亡;剥夺继承权cut down v. 削减;砍倒;杀死;删节;胜过cut in 插嘴;超车;插入cut into v. 打断;侵犯cut out 切断;删去;停止;关掉 c ut back 削减;修剪;(美)倒叙;[球]急忙返回cut short v. 缩短;打断;缩减cut from 从…上切下cut through 刺穿;抄近路走过cut down on 削减,减少cut up vt. 切碎;抨击cut back on 削减,缩减;减低cut on v. 很快向前走;赶路short cut 短路,捷径;快捷方式cut away 切掉,砍掉tax cut 减税power cut 供电中断,停电cut across 抄近路通过;径直穿过;打断cut flower n. 切花,鲜切花;插瓶花cut out for 适合于,准备;与……相配合13. 以bring 为中心的短语bring out推出;激起;公布;出版bring forward提出;前移一层;提议;提前bring forth产生;生;使产生;出示bring up教育;培养;培育bring off救出;成功地做某事;做成;完成bring through救活;使脱险;使……渡过难关;治愈Bring Into纳入;使开始;降低;是进入某种状bring forward 提出;提前;结转bring up 提出;教育;养育;呕出;[航](船等)停下bring in 引进;生产;增加bring into v. 使开始;使进入某种状态bring out 出版,生产;使显示;说出bring forth v. 产生;发表bring back 拿回来;使…恢复;使…回忆起来bring down 降低;打倒,打死;击落bring on 导致;引起;使…发展bring along 带来;使……发展bring together 集合;使…团结起来bring into play 发挥;启用bring home 清楚说明;将…带回家bring with v. 带来;拿来;取来bring into effect 实施;实行;使生效bring an end to vt. 结束,使完结bring it on 魅力四射(电影名,又译美少女啦啦队)bring to mind 想起bring into being 使…形成;使…存在15.以hold 为中心的短语Hold on 不挂断电话,等一下;继续on hold 暂停;尚未办理的事情;等候接听;把持住的(指有问题的)get hold of 把握;抓住;得到take hold 抓住;扛着;固定下来hold in 抑制;约束hold good 仍然有效;适用hold up 举起;阻挡;拦截hold on to something 抓住...不放hold back 隐瞒;退缩;抑制;阻止hold out 坚持;伸出;提供;维持;抵制;主张;[美口]扣留please hold on 请别挂上(电话中)hold down 抑制;压制;保有hold true 适用;有效hold for 保温时间是…;适用hold onto 紧紧抓住,抓住不放;保持住hold a candle to 不能与…相比hold by 坚持hold with v. 赞同;容忍take hold of v. 握住16.以set 为中心的短语set up v. 建立;装配;开业;竖立 a set of 一套;一组;一副set out 出发;开始;陈述;陈列complete set 整套;[计]成套机组;完全集set in vi. 开始;到来;流行set forth 陈述,提出;出发;陈列;宣布set off v. 出发;引起;动身;使爆炸;抵销;分开set by 把…留开a complete set of 一整套form a complete set 配套set theory 集合论set on 唆使;开始;攻击full set 全套,全组full set of 全套;一整套set up for 自以为;自命为;为…做准备whole set 成套;全套装置data set 数据集;数传机one set 一盘all set 准备就绪,都安排好了17.以take 为中心的短语take care of oneself 照顾自己;颐养take part 参与,参加take part in 参加,参与take on 承担;呈现;具有;流行;接纳;雇用;穿上take up 拿起;开始从事take effect 生效;起作用take off 起飞;脱下;离开take a look 看一下take out v. 取出;去掉;出发;抵充take into 考虑到;说服take in 接受;理解;拘留;欺骗;让…进入;改短take seriously 重视;认真对待… take away 带走,拿走,取走take a look at [口]看一看;检查take over 接管;接收take for granted 认为…理所当然take the lead v. 带头;为首take charge of 接管,负责take good care 好好照顾;珍重。
高考英语高频动词短语整理之欧阳文创编

1.高频动词短语时间:2021.03.12创作:欧阳文(1)act 短语:act as 担任…职务,起…作用(2)break 短语:break away 摆脱,脱离break away from … 脱离…,奋力挣脱… break down 出故障,坏掉,中止,累垮,分解 break in 打断,插话,闯入,强行进入 break into … 闯入…,破门而入 break (sth) off (使某物)折断,中断,突然停止 break out (战争、火灾)突然发生,爆发 break out in tears 突然大哭 break the rule 违反规定 break through 突围,冲跨 break up 分手,分解,分裂,拆散,休假 (3)bring 短语: bring about 引起,导致,使发生bring along 把……带来,领来bring back 拿回来,使恢复bring sb back 送回某人bring sth / sb back to life 使…生动/活泼,使…苏醒(比较:sth / sb come back tolife 复苏,苏醒)bring down 使…降低,减少,使…倒下,使…落下bring down/up (the price) 降价/提价 [比较:(the price ) go down /up 价格下降/上涨]bring in 引进(技术),赚钱,带来(收入),吸收bring on 发展,引起,导致,使前进 bring out 拿出,出版,生产,揭露,阐明,使表现出bring to 使苏醒bring/carry sth to/into effect 实施…(比较:sth come/go intoeffect 开始实施)bring up 抚养,培养,哺育(4)call 短语:call at (sp) 拜访某地[比较:callon (sb) 拜访某人 call back 回电话call for 提倡,号召,需要,去接某人,接走某人call /shout for help 呼救call in 请来,召集,来访,打电话call off 取消call on / upon 号召 call out 大声呼喊,叫喊call sb…for short 简称某人…… call sb names 谩骂某人call up 给……打电话,使人想起,号召(5)come 短语: come about 发生,产生 come across 偶然相遇 come along 来,随同,进展,加油 come at … 向……袭击 come back 回来,想起来,复活 come down 下来,下落,传下 come down to … 到达,从一处来到另一处 come for … 来拿,来取 come from … 来自,出生于 come in 进来,进入 come into being 形成,产生 come into use 使用起来come off 脱落,从……离开come on 过来,跟我来,加油,来吧,赶快 come out 露出,出来,出现,出版,发芽,花开 come over to … 过来,顺便来访,从某地来到另一地come round / around (非正式)来访,串门 come to … 来到,出现,提及,达到,共计,结果是,苏醒 come to an end 结束,终止 come to know 逐渐地知道come to life (变得)活泼,苏醒过来 come to light 显露,为人所知come to oneself 苏醒过来,恢复知觉come to/into power 当权,上台 come/go to ruin = fall into ruin 变成废墟 come to terms with … 甘心忍受come true 变为现实,成为事实 come up 被提出,上来,走来,上升,抬头,长出来 come up to sb 朝某人走来come up with … 提出,想出主意,找出答案,赶上(6)cut 短语:cut away 切除,剪去cutdown 砍倒,砍下,削减cut in 插嘴,加塞,插入cut … into pieces / halves 把……切成碎片/切成两半cut off 切断(线路),中断(供应)cut out 删除,剪下来cut the cost of… 降低……的成本cut up 切碎,剪碎,剁碎,齐根切掉 (7)do 短语: do and don’t 要与不要 do a good deed 做一件好事 do a lot of walking 走很多路 do a word puzzle 猜字谜 do an experiment / experiments 做实验 do body-building 做健身操 do housework 做家务活 do make-up 化妆,打扮 do one ’s best 尽某人最大努力 do one ’s homework 做作业 do research on… 从事……研究工作 do sb a favour 帮某人一个忙 do sb honor = do honor to sb 礼遇某人,表示敬意 do sb the favour to do sth 帮某人一个忙做某事 do some reading 读书,阅读,看点书 do some shopping = go shopping 购物,买东西 do sports=have / play sports = take exercise 进行锻炼 do sth in turn/by turns = take turns to do sth/ in doing sth 轮流做某事 do telephone interviews 进行电话采访 do the laundry 洗衣服 do well / better in … 在……方面干得好/更好 do with 处理,处置,对付 do wrong 做坏事,做错事(比较:do right = dothe right thing 做得对) (8)get 短语:get a better understanding of China 更好地了解中国 get a full mark /full marks 得满分 get a lot of satisfaction 得到满足 get at 意指,本意是get around = get about 四处走动,活动 get away 移走,拿走,逃脱,逃离 get away from s.p.逃脱,逃离 get back 回来,回家,取回,找回,退还 get close to 接近 get down 下来,降下 get down on one ’s knees 跪下 get down to (doing) sth 开始(做)某事)get in 进入,收获,达到 get in a word 插话get into … 进入…… get sb into … 使某人陷入 get it 接(电话),应(门),理解,懂得 get off 下车,脱下(衣服等) get on 上车,过活 get on/along with … 进展,与……相处 get on one ’s feet (艰难地)站立起来get out 离开,出去 get out of 逃避,避免 get over 克服,恢复,原谅 get up 起床,起身get across 理解,度过 get through 接通(电话),完成(工作),通过(考试) get to 到达,抵达 get to sleep 入睡,设法睡着 get/gain/take possession of 占有,拥有,占领 get ready for 为……做准备 (比较:be ready for = be well prepared for = be inpreparation for 为……做好了准备)get rid of 除掉,去掉 get sb to do 让某人做 get the idea for… 想到……的主意 get the message across 传播信息 get together 相聚,碰头,联欢 get / be used tosth 习惯于……,适应于… (比较:be used as sth 被用作……be used for sth 被用于…,用来做…be used to do sth 被用于做… used to do sth 过去常常做) get / be dressed 穿衣服 get / be engaged (to sb) (与某人)订婚 get / be lost 丢失了,迷路 get / be married(to sb) = marry (sb) (与某人)结婚get / be stuck 陷进去,被困住,被难住,遇到困难get / be tired of 对…感到厌倦,对…失去兴趣(9)give短语:give away 赠送,给予,背弃,泄露,分发give back 归还,送回give in 投降,让步,屈服give off 释发出,放出 (烟、光、热等)give out 用完,耗尽,分发,发放give over = hand over 转交,移交give up 放弃,辞去give a concert 开音乐会give a description of…描述……give / make a speech 演讲,讲话give a talk 演讲,做报告give birth to 生婴儿,生产,造成give close attention to 密切关注give medical care to sb 对某人进行治疗give shade in summer 夏天时遮阳give / lend sb a hand 给某人帮助give sb a message= give a message to sb 给某人捎个口信give sb a second look 再看某人一眼give sb a warm welcome 热烈欢迎某人give sb some advice on sth / doing sth / how to do sth 就……向某人提出建议/忠告(10)go短语:go abroad 出国go about 四处走走,开始做,着手干go about from house to house 挨/逐家拜访go against 违反,违背go ahead 说吧,干吧,领先,走在前面go / walk around 四处走走go away 走开,离去go back 回去go beyond 超越go by 走过,经过,(时间)消逝,过去go down 下来,落下,倒下go down on one’s knees跪下go for 为……去,努力获取,主张,适用于go for a hike = go hiking 去徒步旅行go for a job interview 去面试找工作go for a walk / walks散步go for sb 对某人也一样go from bad to worse 每况愈下go in for 参加,喜欢go into 详细调查go into details 细说go off 走开,离去,(闹钟)闹响go off to = be off to = leave for 动身去go off the air 停止广播(比较:go on the air 开始广播)go on 发生,进行,继续go / beon diet 在节食go on (a) holiday 去度假go on a tourto 去……观光(游览)go on a visit to 去……访问(参观)go on doing sth 继续做某事(同一事)[比较:go on to do sth 继续做某事(另一事)go onwith sth 继续某事]go out 熄灭,出去,外出go over 复习,过一遍,仔细检查,审阅go past 从……的旁边过去go up 上升,上涨,增长,攀登go with…与……相配go without 忍受没有…之苦,没有…也行,没有…也能勉强应付go shopping / fishing / sailing / camping / skating 去购物/钓鱼/驾船航行/宿营/滑冰go straight along 沿着……一直往前走go through 通过,经受,浏览,仔细检查go through with 完成go to bed (上床)睡觉go to school / work 上学/上班go to sea 当水手go to sleep 入睡go to town 进城go to a movie 去看电影go to the country(side) 下乡go home / there 回家/去那儿go to see a doctor 去看病,去看医生go bad 变坏go wrong 出毛病,不对头,做错事,误入歧途go Dutch 各付各的帐,平摊费用,AA制(11)have短语:have a break 休息一下have abright future 有一个灿烂的未来have (got)a cold / cough / headache / fever 感冒/咳嗽/头疼/发烧have a conversation with sb 与某人交谈[比较:have a dialogue with sb 与某人对话have a talk with sb (about sth) (就某事)与某人进行交流have a wordwith sb= would like a word with sb 和某人谈几句,跟某人说句话]have a gift for…对……有天赋(比较:have a reputation for…有……名誉/名声)have a good flight (坐飞机)旅途愉快have a good knowledge of …对……很熟悉,通晓……have a good laugh over…对……笑了个够have a good / great/ wonderful time = have (great) fun 玩得(非常)高兴,过得愉快have a / the habit of …= be in a / the habit of…有…的习惯(比较:get into / form the habit of…养成…的习惯get sb into the habit of…使某人养成……的习惯)have a hit 风靡一时have a large population 人口众多have / take a look 看一看have a meeting / party 开会/举行晚会have a nice / pleasant trip / journey 祝旅途愉快have (got ) a pain (in the…)(身体某部位)痛have a part-time job 做兼职工作have a (good) rest 休息have /take a seat 坐下(比较:have/take one’s seat 坐某人的座位)have a stomachache 胃疼,肚子疼have a sweet tooth 喜欢吃甜食have a swim游泳have a table tennis match 举行一场乒乓球比赛have a test 进行测验have a try 试一试have / show an appetite for…有…的欲望或爱好have /make an appointment with sb 和某人有预约, 和某人有约定have an effect on / upon…对…有影响,对…产生作用(比较:influence…=affect…对…有影响have no effect / influence on …对…没有影响have a good / bad effect on …对…有好/坏影响have a great/ little effect on…对…有很大/不大影响have a strong influence on…对…有很大影响)have / take an exam 参加考试have an eye for 有眼力,有眼光have an income of …有…的收入have access to …使用(接近…的)权利或机会have breakfast / lunch / supper 吃早饭/午饭/晚饭have lessons/ classes 上课have mercy on…宽恕…,对…仁慈,对…表示怜悯have no chance of surviving 没有生存的可能性have no choice but to do sth 别无选择,只好做某事have none of …根本不理睬…have on 穿着have sth on sb 某人身上带着某物have / take one’s medicine 服药,吃药have somedifficulty/trouble/problems with sth/ in doing sth…在…有困难/麻烦事have something /nothing in common(with…) (与…)有共同点/没有共同之处(比较:have much / a lot in common with…与…有许多相同之处have little in common with…与…几乎没有相同之处)have something / nothing to do with与…有关/无关have to =have got to 不得不,必须(12)hold短语:hold a meeting/ party 开会/举行晚会hold back 退缩,踌躇,阻挡,控制住hold one’s breath屏息,不出气hold on 等一等,不要挂电话hold on to 抓住,保住hold out 伸出,坚持下去,维持hold up 阻挡,使停顿,举起,拿起,阻滞hold together 连在一起,团结一致(13)keep短语:keep away from 避开,别靠近keep back 隐瞒,忍住,阻止…向前,留下keep down 控制keep off 勿踏,勿踩keep off sb / sth 不接触或不接近某人/某事物keep on 继续进行keep out 不得入内keep…out 把…挡住,把…留在外面keep out of 不进入…keep up 继续,保持,坚持,使(情绪等)不低落keep up with… =catch up with…跟上,赶上keep a date 赴约keep a healthy diet 保持健康的饮食keep a record /records 保持记录keep an eye on 注视,留心,注意,照顾(比较:keep an eye out for 注视,留心,注意)keep busy doing 忙着做某事keep fit 保持健康ke ep…in mind =learn…by heart= remember把…记住keep (on) doing sth继续不停地做某事[比较:keep sb doing sth 使某人一直/继续做某事keep … from doing 阻止…做,不让…做stop/prevent… (from) doing 妨碍/预防/阻止…做keep one’s appointment 守约(比较:break one’s appointment 违约)keep one’s balance 保持平衡keep one’s word(s) 遵守诺言keep safe 保持安全keep silent over …对…保持沉默keep the same look 保持原貌keep watch 保持警戒,站岗(14)knock短语:knock at /on 敲打(门、窗等)knock down把……撞倒,击倒knock into撞到,撞上某人,偶然碰见knock sb out (of sth) 淘汰某人knock over 撞翻,撞倒(15)look短语:look at 看着,注视,检查look at oneself in the mirror = admire oneself in the mirror 照镜子look after 照顾,照料,照看lookahead 向前看,展望未来look around/about 四处看看,四下环顾look back 回首,回忆,回顾过去look back on…回顾……,回忆……look forward to sth /doing sth 盼望,期盼某事物/做某事look for 寻找,找look in 来访,参观look into…往…里面看,浏览,调查,研究look (right) into sb’s eyes 直视着look like…看起来像…(比较:look the same 看起来像)look on 旁观,观望look out = be careful = take care 留神,当心,注意,警惕,提防look out for 警惕,留心,找出来look over…翻阅,(仔细)检查look through 看透,仔细查看,浏览,翻阅,温习look up 仰视,往上看,在字典或参考书中查阅,查寻look up to sb 敬仰,仰望,尊敬(比较:look down on / upon sb 瞧不起,鄙视,轻视)look / be worried 看上去/感到担心(16)make短语:make into 制成,作成(后面跟产品,制成品)[比较:be made in在…生产/制造be made of 由…组成/构成,(物理变化)be made from 由…组成/构成,(化学变化)be made up of = consist of 由…组成,由…构成make out 理解,看清楚make up 化妆,打扮,和解,配制,编造,虚构,构成,组成make up for 弥补,补充,补偿made up one’s mind 下决心make a choice 做出选择make a commitment 承诺,保证make a comment / comments (on / upon…)发表评论make a (great) contribution to…为…做出(巨大)贡献,为…捐款make a decision 做出决定make a (no) difference(没)有关系/影响make a face / faces扮鬼脸make a fire 生火make a film / blockbuster/follow-ups 拍电影/巨片/续集make a fool of sb = fool sb 愚弄某人(比较:make fool of …愚弄)make / leave / create a good impression (on sb) (给某人)留下好印象make a mistake / mistakes 犯错误make (a) noise 制造噪音,发出令人不愉快的声音make a note / notes of…记录,做笔记,记下来make a plan (for… ) (为…)制订计划make a point of doing sth 认为做某事重要或有必要make a promise 承诺make a record 录制唱片,做记录(比较:record a song 录一首歌set a world record 创造世界记录)make (a) suggestion (on …) 提出(关于…)的建议make a telephone call 打电话make/take a trip/journey to …去某地旅行make conversation 交谈make (both) ends meet 使收支相抵make friends with sb与某人交朋友make fun of…取笑,嘲笑,和…开玩笑make it(事业上)获得成功make jokes about sb 拿某人开玩笑,以某人为笑柄make mistake about…犯了…错误make / earn money 挣钱make oneself at home 不拘束,别客气make oneself known 使/让自己出名make one’s way to…往…走去make progress (in …) 在…方面取得进步make sense 有意义,有道理,讲得通make sense of…弄懂…的意思make sth to (one’s own) measure 按自己的尺寸定做make sure 确保,确认,查明make the adjustment to…适应…make the / one’s bed 整理床铺make (full) use of …=make the most / best of …(充分)利用(17)pass短语:pass away 去世,死(委婉说法)pass by 通过,从旁边经过pass down 传下来,流传,使世代相传pass on (to sb) 转交给(某人),传给(某人)pass on from one generation to the next 一代代流传下来pass out 失去知觉,昏厥pass through 穿过,越过pass sth from one to another 把某事物从一人传到另一人手上pass the examination 通过考试(18)pay短语:pay attention to… 对…注意,留心…pay a visit to sb / a place 访问,拜访某人,参观某地pay back 偿还(借款),报答,报复pay for 付款,付费,付代价(比较:pay a high price for …付高价)pay off 还清(欠款)pay sb a visit 拜访某人pay the bill 买单,付帐单(19)pick短语:pick out 挑选,认出pick up 拾起,接收,学会(语言),开车去接,康复,购买(便宜商品)(20)put短语:put away 将某物收拾起来,存钱,储存,存起来put down 扑灭,平息,镇压,记下put forward 提出,建议,推荐put off 延期,拖延put on (戏)上演,放(唱片),穿戴put on a performance 演出put out 扑灭,熄灭,使…停止燃烧,伸出,出版,生产put up 挂起,张贴,举起,抬起,搭起,建立put up with 忍受,容忍put into 使进入,输入,投入put/translate…into 把……译成put one’s heart into…全神贯注于……put sb in /into prison 把某人关进监狱put …to use 使用……,运用……put a date to sth 注明日期(比较:set/fix the date 确定日期to date 到目前为止)put an end to…结束……put …together 把……放在一起(21)send短语:send away 让走开send for sb 派人去请某人,请某人来send in 寄送某处进行处理send out派遣,发出(信号、通知等)send up 发射,射出,往上送send sb to sleep 让某人睡觉send signals by …通过……发送信号(22)set短语:set about (doing) sth 着手,开始set aside留出,搁/放在一边set down 放下,记下set off 出发,起程,引起爆炸,激起,引起set out (for…) 出发往(……),动身去(……)set out to do 开始做,着手做set up 创立,设立,开办,竖起,支起set /give a (good) example to……树立(好)榜样set a goal 设定目标set fire to sth = set sthon fire 纵火,放火烧set foot on / in…踏上……,到达,进入set one’s mind to do sth 一心想做set sail for 起航去…set sail from 从…起航set sb a good example in …在…为某人树立榜样set sb free 释放某人,解放某人(23)stand短语:stand by sb = support sb = take sb’s side 支持某人stand for 代表,表示,象征,容忍,支持/拥护,为…的候选人stand out 突出,显眼stand up 起立,站起来stand still = stay still 站着不动(24)take短语:take after 与某人相像take along 带领,携带take … apart = separate … 把…分开take away 拿走,拿去,使离开take away from…从…带/拿走take back 退回,拿回,收回take down 拿下,记下,记录take for…当作……,误以为是…take in 吸收,接纳,上当take off (飞机)起飞,脱掉(衣帽/鞋),成名,成功,很快上升,开始流行/畅销take on 呈现take out 拿出,取出take over 继承,接管,接替take up 从事,开始,专注于,占去(时间、空间、地位等)take a bank loan 向银行贷款take a bath 洗澡take a chance / chances 碰运气,冒险take a critical attitude towards…对……持批判态度take a few deep breaths 深呼吸take / have adegree in …取得……学位take a hands-on approach to education 通过动手实践的方式来进行接受教育take a message (to sb) (给某人)捎个口信比较:leave a message (to sb) (给某人)留个口信take a photo (of …) (给…)照相,拍(…)照片take a risk / risks 冒险take a shower 沐浴,洗澡take a sip 呡一小口take a taxi to... = go to ...by taxi乘出租车take a walk / ride / holiday 散步/兜风/休假take (an) interest in … 对…感兴趣(比较:be into=be interested in 对…感兴趣have/show interest in 对…感兴趣)take advantage of 对…加以利用take … by surprise对…突然袭击,出乎…意料take care 小心, 注意take care of 照顾,照看take effect 生效,奏效take exercise 运动,活动take … for example 以……为例take / get/ catch hold of 握住,抓住take it easy 放心好了,别着急,从容,不紧张take ... into consideration 顾及,考虑到,体谅(比较:under consideration 在考虑中,在研究中)take lessons 上课take notes 做笔记,做记录take notice of 注意take one’s seat 就座,坐在自己位子上(转义为就职)take one’s time 从容,不急,慢慢行动 [比较:take time 花费(时间)]take part 参加(比较:take part in… = join in… = participate in…参加…take an active part in…积极参加……)take place 发生,出现,举行[比较:take the place of= take sb’s place 取代,代替]take pride in …= be proud of…对……感到自豪take responsibility for = be responsible for 对…负责take sb in the arms 拥抱,搂抱take / hold / keep sb prisoner 囚禁/俘虏某人(比较:sb be taken / held / kept prisoner 被囚禁/俘虏)take sb seriously 看重某人take sb some time to do sth 花费某人……时间去做某事take sb’s temperature 给某人量体温take sth along with sb 随身携带某物take shelter 躲避take sides with sb in sth 在某事上支持/偏袒某人take steps/measures/action to do sth采取措施做某事,采取(……的)行动take turns to do sth/ in doing sth 轮流做某事(25)think短语:think about 思考,考虑(是否去做)think of 想到,想起,认为,对……有看法/想法think out 想出think over 仔细考虑think through…思考……直到得出结论think up 提出,想出,设计出think twice 再三考虑,仔细考虑think highly / well of = speak highly of = sing high praisefor 对……高度评价(26)turn短语:turn against 转而反对,背叛turn around / round 转身,转过来turn … away 赶走……,辞退……,把……打发走turn on 打开(灯,气,水,电器等)turn sth off 关掉(灯,气,水,电器等)turn sb off 使人反感turn up 把音量开大,卷起,翻起,发生,出现,到达turn down 关小/调低(音量/热度),拒绝turn over 把……翻过来,翻动,犁翻(土地),细想turn in 交进,上缴,归还turn into 变成turn…into…把…变成…,转变成turn to…转向…,向…求助,查阅turn out 结果是,生产turn out to be 被证明是, 结果是turn right / left 向右/向左拐turn writer = become a writer 成为作家2.以介词或副词为中心的动词短语(便于强化记忆)(l)动词+aboutspeak/talk about 谈论think about 思考care about 关心,对……有兴趣bring about 引起,使发生set about 着手,开始come about 发生hear about 听说worry about 为……担心(2)动词+ataim at 向……瞄准,旨在run at 冲向,向……攻击call at 拜访(地点)tear at 用力撕look at 看,注视work at 干……活动(研究)come at 向……袭击shout at 冲(某人)嚷嚷stare at 凝视glare at 怒视glance at 匆匆一瞥laugh at 嘲笑knock at 敲(门、窗等)point at 指向smile at 冲(某人)笑strike at 向……打击shoot at 向……射击wonder at 惊讶(3)动词+awaydie away 逐渐消失put away 收拾起来,存起来pass away 去世wash away 冲走take away 拿走give away 背弃,泄漏,捐赠send away 让走开turn away 把……打发走wear away 磨掉,消耗throw away 扔掉blow away 吹走carry away 拿走,使入迷clear away 清除掉,消散break away 摆脱(4)动词+backkeep back 隐瞒,忍住hold back 控制住give back 归还call back 回电话take back 拿回,收回look back(on) 回顾(5)动词+downcut down 削减,砍倒put down 记下,写下,镇压take down 记下,记录turn down 调小,拒绝slow down 慢下来pass down 传下来calm down 平静下来burn down 烧毁tear down 拆毁,拆除come down 下落,传下break down 坏了,垮了,分解bring down 使……降低,使倒下settle down 安家(6)动词+fromdie from 因……而死hear from 收到……来信learn from 向……学习differ from 与……不同suffer from 受……苦result from 由于separate…from 把……分离开keep/stop/prevent…from 不让……做date from=date back to 始于……时期,追溯到(7)动词+forrun for 竞选ask for 要求得到beg for 乞求wait for 等候look for 寻找call for 需要,要求hunt for 寻找long for 渴望care for 关心,喜欢seek for 寻找come for 来拿,来取apply for 申请stand for 代表,表示search for 查找change…for 用……换charge…for 收费,要价take…for 误以为……是hope/wish for 希望得到(8)动词十inget in 收获,进入fill in 填写cut in 插入join in 参加look in 来访,参观hand in 上交drop in 拜访give in 让步take in 接纳,吸收call in 召集,来访bring in 引进,使得到收入break in 强制进入,插话result in 导致succeed in 在……获成功persist in 坚持(9)动词十intorun into 碰到look into 研究,调查,往里面看burst into 闯入,进发turn into 变成change…into 把……变成divide…into 把……分成put/translate…into 把……译成(l0)动词+ofdie of 死于talk of 谈到hear of 听说think of 想到dream of 梦到speak of 谈到consist of 由……组成approve of 赞成complain of 抱怨become of 发生……情况,怎么啦(l1)动词+outgo out 熄灭set out 出发,着手try out 试用,试验put out 扑灭run out 用完let out 泄漏,发出(声音)pick out 选出hold out 坚持下去wear out 穿破,使……疲劳make out 理解,看清楚keep out(of) 使不进入,挡住find out 查出,弄明白work out 算出,想出办法等send out 发出,派遣give out 散发,分发,用完look out 当心,提防hand out 散发,分发help out 救助turn out 结果是,生产come out 出版,出来cross out 划掉burst out 进发carry out 执行break out 爆发point out 指出figure out 算出bring out 阐明,使表现出leave out 省略,删掉speak out 大胆讲出(l2)动词+overgo over 审阅,检查,研究get over 克服run over 压死,看一遍take over 接管,接替turn over 翻倒,细想fall over 跌倒,摔倒roll over 翻滚look over 翻阅,检查think over 仔细考虑watch over 看守,照看(l3)动词十toadd to 增添get to 到达see to 处理,料理turn to 向……求助,查阅come to 共计,苏醒lead to 导致,通向reply to 答复refer to 谈到,涉及,参阅bring to 使苏醒agree to 同意object to 反对point to 指向write to 写信给relate to 理解,同情,涉及,(与……)有关attend to 处理belong to 属于supply…to 为……提供devote…to 贡献给stick/hold/keep to 坚持,忠于compare…to 与……相比,把……比作(l4)三词以上的短语动词do well in 在……干得好make up for 弥补look down on / upon 轻视break away from 摆脱keep away from 避开,别靠近do away with 废除put up with 忍受catch up with = keep up with 赶上fill up with 用……装满go on with 继续get on / along with 和……相处look forward to 盼望look up to 仰望,尊敬add up to 总计live up to 依据……行事;做到;不辜负(期望)get close to 接近get down to 认真开始set fire to 放火烧pay attention to 注意pay a visit to 访问take / get/ catch hold of 握住run out of 用完get out of 逃避,避免take notice of 注意take a photo of 拍……照片take the place of 取代set an example to 为……树立榜样3、其他常用短语(按字母表顺序)(1)Aaa balance diet 均衡饮食a best-seller 畅销书a bit = a little = a little bit 少许,一点儿,有点儿,稍微a bit of 一点,少量(修饰不可数名词)[ 比较:a few 一些,少量(修饰可数名词)a great deal of 许多(修饰不可数名词)a great / good many = scores of 许多,大量(修饰可数名词)a handful of 一把,少量的,少数(修饰可数或不可数名词)a large / great amount of = large amounts of 许多(修饰不可数名词)a large quantity of = large quantities of许多(修饰可数或不可数名词)a lot of = lots of 许多(修饰可数或不可数名词)a mass of = masses of 大量,许多(修饰可数或不可数名词)a (large/ great) number of = large / huge numbers of 大量的,许多(修饰可数名词)plenty of 大量的,很多,足够的(修饰可数或不可数名词)a bunch of flowers 一束花a cloud of 一团a couple of 一对/双,两三个,一些,几个a couple of days / weeks 两三天/周a cup of 一杯a day or two = one or two days一两天a deserted island 荒岛a healthy diet= a diet of healthy food(s) 健康的饮食a highly-developed country 高度发达的国家a kind of 一种,一类a laid-off worker 下岗工人a large sum of money 一大笔钱a length of …长……a list of 一张……的清单a live concert 现场直播的音乐会a natural disaster 自然灾害a packet of 一盒,一捆,一包a pair of 一双,一副a piece of 一件,一块,一张a row of 一排,一行a series of 一系列的,一连串,一套a set of 一套,一副a shortage of teachers 教师资源的缺乏a third of = one third of 三分之一a total failure 一个彻底的失败者a total of 总数(量)为a two-day trip 一次两天的旅行a variety of = varieties of = various 种类繁多的a waste of (time) 白费(时间),浪费(时间)a man of name 知名人士a world of magic and wonders 充满魔力和神奇的世界after all 毕竟,终究after a short while 不久以后,没多久after a time 一段时间以后after class / work / school 下课/下班/放学之后all alone = all by oneself 独自,独立all at once = all of a sudden突然,忽然all day= all day long 全天,终日all in all 总共,总的来说all kinds / sorts of 各种各样的all night long 整夜,通宵all one’s life终身,一生all over 到处,遍及,结束all over the world / country = throughout the world / country 整个世界/全国all right 好吧,行了,(病)好了all the best 祝一切顺利,万事如意all the same 一样,同样的all the time 一直all the way 一路上,一直all together 一起,总共all (the) year round = all through the year= throughout the year 一年四季,一年到头an invitation to…一张……的请柬/请贴an expert on………方面的专家as a consequence / result 结果,因此as a consequence / result of 作为(……的)结果,由于……的结果as a whole 普遍来说,作为整体as…as 像,如同as…as possible= as…as one can 尽可能……地as far as (表示程度,范围)就/尽……(=so far as),远至as far as I know 就我所知,据我所知as follows如下(用以列举事项)as if = as though 好像,似乎,仿佛(比较:even if = even though 虽然,即使,尽管)as long as 只要(= so long as引导条件状语从句),长达as much / many as 多达as soon as 一……就……as soon as possible 尽快,尽可能早地as to / for 至于,关于,就……而言as usual 像往常一样as well 也/还有(= too),同样地,例外as well as= together with = and 也,以及,和,还,而且as with ... 也一样,就像……at all 根本(否定句),到底(疑问句),竟然(条件从句)at a loss 茫然,不知所措at an early age 年轻时at any moment / time 随时[ 比较:after a moment = after a while / minute 过了一会儿a moment ago = just now 刚才,不久以前a moment later 片刻之后at the moment = at the time此刻,现在,在那时at the very moment 就在那一刹那for a moment = for a while / minute 一会儿for the moment = for the time being 暂时,目前in a moment = in a while /minute / second 过一会儿,立刻,马上the moment / minute (that) ... 一……就……]at any risk 不顾一切[比较:at risk 处于危险中at the risk of (doing sth) 冒着(可能做某事)的危险take / run a risk / risks 冒险risk one’s life (to do sth) 冒着生命危险(做某事)risk doing sth 冒险做某事)]at birth 出生时,一生下来就at breakfast 在吃早饭at hand 近在手边,在附近at home 在家(at) home and abroad 在国内外at last 终于,最后at length 最后,终于,详细地at midnight 在半夜at night 在夜里,天黑时at noon 在中午at once = right away = right now 马上,立即at one go 一口气at present = at the present time 现在, 目前at sea 在海上,航海中,茫然(比较:by sea 乘船by the sea 在海边in the sea 在海里on the sea 在海面上)at stake 在危险中at such a great height 在如此高的高度at table 在吃饭(比较:at the table 在桌前)at times 偶尔,有时(比较:at that time 那时at the same time = meanwhile 同时at the correct/wrong/best time of year 在一年里合适/不合适/最佳时候)at various academic levels 不同的学术层次at war 处于战争/交战状态at work 忙于工作at the age of... 在……岁的时候at the art festival 在艺术节上,在艺术节期间at the base 在底部at the (very) beginning of... 在……开始时,在……之初at the bottom of 在……下端/底部at the cost of 以……为代价at the end of 在……末端,到……结束时at the foot of 在……的脚下at the front desk 在前台,在服务台at the head of 在……最前面at a high /low price 以高/低价at the latest 最迟at (the) least 至少 [比较:at (the) most 最多]at the mercy of 任由……摆布/控制,在……的掌握中at the opening /closing (ceremony) of ... 在……开/闭幕式上at the rate of 以……的比率at the sideof 在……的旁边at the speed of 以……速度(比较:at full / high speed 高速)at the top of one’s voice 大声地at the weekend 在周末accept … as…认为……是……,承认……是……,把……当作……[比较:regard … as…认为……是treat … as…把……当作recognize … as…认为……是……view / see/ know … as…认为……是……consider … as …/ consider … (to be…)认为……是……。
超实用高考英语复习:高频动词短语讲义

高频动词短语清单距离高考还有一段时间,不少有经验的老师都会提醒考生,愈是临近高考,能否咬紧牙关、学会自我调节,态度是否主动积极,安排是否科学合理,能不能保持良好的心态、以饱满的情绪迎接挑战,其效果往往大不一样。
以下是本人从事10多年教学经验总结出的以下学习资料,希望可以帮助大家提高答题的正确率,希望对你有所帮助,有志者事竟成!养成良好的答题习惯,是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。
做题前,要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项,并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时,切忌跟着感觉走,最好按照题目序号来做,不会的或存在疑问的,要做好标记,要善于发现,找到题目的题眼所在,规范答题,书写工整;答题完毕时,要认真检查,查漏补缺,纠正错误。
总之,在最后的复习阶段,学生们不要加大练习量。
在这个时候,学生要尽快找到适合自己的答题方式,最重要的是以平常心去面对考试。
英语最后的复习要树立信心,考试的时候遇到难题要想“别人也难”,遇到容易的则要想“细心审题”。
越到最后,考生越要回归基础,单词最好再梳理一遍,这样有利于提高阅读理解的效率。
另附高考复习方法和考前30天冲刺复习方法。
一、动词be构成的短语be known as/be famous as作为……而闻名be known for因……而出名be known to sb为……所知be married to与……结婚be tired of对……厌烦be terrified at被……吓一跳be burdened with负重be crowded with挤满be dressed in穿着be experienced in对……有经验be equipped with装备be furnished with提供,布置be engaged in sth.从事,忙于(=be busy with sth.)be engaged to与……订婚be about to do sth. 正要做……be fit to do/be fit for胜任;适合于be worth doing值得做……be proud of以……而骄傲be used to sth./doing sth.习惯于……be content to do sth./with…甘愿干……;满足于……be content with对……感到满意be up to应由……,轮到……be meant/intended for打算给,打算用作be connected with与……有联系be crazy about对……狂热sb be familiar with sth. 人熟悉事sth be familiar to sb 事为人所熟悉be passionate about 对...热情二、动词break构成的短语break away 离开脱离break away from从...离开break down 机器出故障,身体垮掉精神崩溃计划谈判失败break in 闯入插嘴break into 闯入突然(tears、laughter、cheers)break off 中断break out 爆发break through 突破break up 关系破裂解散break one's promise打破承诺have/take a break 休息一下三、动词carry构成的短语carry on 继续(doing)carry out 执行四、动词call构成的短语call at sp.拜访某地call on sb拜访某人call on sb to do sth号召某人做...call for需要要求call in召集(a doctor)call off 取消call up 打电话想起召集五、动词catch构成的短语catch/take/get hold of sth.抓住某物catch up with赶上catch fire着火;烧着catch sight of发现;看到六、动词hold构成的短语hold back 阻挡抑制犹豫hold on 等会(电话用语)坚持hold on to抓紧不卖hold out伸出hold up举起延误阻碍hold one's breath 屏住呼吸七、动词come构成的短语come to an end 结束come to the point说到要点come to light为人所知,显露come into use开始被使用come into sight 进入视线come into being/existence开始形成come into power 上台执政come to realize 开始意识到come true 实现come about 产生发生come across 偶遇被理解come up上升靠近被提出come up with提出come down下降倒塌come on 加油得了吧come out出版出来结果come back to life苏醒过来八、动词do构成的短语do well in在某方面做得好do good to对……有好处do harm to对……有害处do with处理do sb. a favour帮某人的忙九、动词get构成的短语get about/around/round 走动消息传开get across穿过(the street)被理解讲清楚get along well with sb 和...相处好get on 进展get away with doing做错事而不受惩罚get down使沮丧写下从...下来get down to doing sth 开始从事get on 上车穿上get off 下车脱下get over克服从...中恢复越过get through 完成通过穿过接通电话get up起床起立get sth done让...被做get sb to do/doing让...做、让....一直做get close to 接近get the hang of理解明白十、动词give构成的短语give away 赠送泄露give in 屈服~to sbgive off 发出(光热气)give out分发发出公布被用完give up放弃(doing)十一、动词go构成的短语go against 违背go ahead 前进(吃喝用说)吧go after追求go without 勉强维持go by 过去go on 继续go over复习go out外出灯火熄灭go around 四处走动、消息流传go through经历仔细检查穿过通过完成go up 上升go in for参加,爱好go beyond超过十二、动词have构成的短语1. have words with争吵2. have a word with sb. 和某人说句话3. have(deep)effects on对……有(深远)影响4. have difficulty in/find difficulty in/have trouble in 做……有困难十三、动词keep构成的短语keep up坚持keep up with跟上keep away from远离keep silent保持沉默keep out of使……不进入keep one’s word遵守诺言keep sth in mind记住keep in touch with 保持联系keep off the grass勿踏草坪keep (on) doing sth继续做keep sb from doing sth阻止...做keep up保持好的状态鼓起勇气keep up with 跟上十四、动词knock构成的短语1. knock at敲(门、窗等)2. knock down撞倒3. knock off撞掉下来4. knock about 碰撞,漂泊,闲逛十五、动词look构成的短语looklook around四处看看look after照顾look back回头看look back on/to回顾look down upon/on看不起look up to尊敬look for寻找look forward to doing 期待look into 往里看调查look on...as...把...看作是look out for当心look sb up and down上下打量look through浏览look up抬头看好转查字典look over检查十六、动词make构成的短语be made of/from 由...制成be made up of 由...组成make it成功make out看见听见理解make sense 有意义make sense of 理解make no sense 没意义make up 组成编造弥补化妆和好be made up of由...组成make it a rule to do/that把...当成一个规则make ends meet 收支相抵make oneself heard/seen/understood让自己被听见看见理解make a difference起作用有影响make a contribution to...做贡献make a living谋生make a promise许诺言make an apology to向……道歉make use of利用make the best of尽量利用make up one’s mind下决心make progress进步make room for给……腾地方make one’s way排除困难前进十七、动词put构成的短语put aside 把...放在一边put away把... 收好put down写下放下镇压put forward提出把...提前put in插入(意见)、投入(时间、金钱)种植put off 推迟、疏远put on 穿上打开(灯)增加(体重)上演(节目)put out伸出(手舌头)扑灭(灯火)播出出版(节目)put up举起张贴搭建留宿put up with 忍受put an end to结束put back 把钟调慢、阻碍十八、动词take构成的短语take A for B 错把A当成Btake sth seriously 认真对待take it easy 别紧张take your time 别着急take sth for granted 把...当成理所当然的take measures 采取措施take action 采取行动take one's advice 采纳建议take apart 拆开take away拿走take back收回take down取下记下拆除take in 吸收欺骗理解包含改小收留take off 脱下、飞机起飞,事业成功take a day off 请假、休假take effect 生效take on呈现、雇佣take out取出take over接受接管接任take up 占据时间空间,拿起接受take up doing sth开始从事take a chance 冒险一试take place 发生take the place of 代替take part in 参加take an active part in 积极参加take sth into consideration/account 考虑到take pride in以……而自豪十九、动词turn构成的短语turn around转身好转turn down关小拒绝turn in 上交turn A into B把A变成Bturn off关掉电器turn on打开电器turn out结果turn over翻书翻身移交反复考虑turn to 转向求助于turn up 调大出现in turn依次反过来、转而by turns轮流take turns to dost轮流做二十、动词help, hand, lead,die构成的短语1. help sb. with sth.帮助某人做某事2. hand in交上来3. hand out分发4. lead to sth./doing sth.导致5. lead a…1ife过……的生活6. die of死于……(内因)7. die from死于……(外因)8. die out灭绝9. help oneself to sth.尽管请便;请随便吃二十一、动词tell, talk, speak,hear,ask,answer构成的短语1. talk to/with sb. 和某人谈话2. ask for要;请求3. hear of听说4. hear from接到某人的书信5. ask sb. to do sth.. 要某人做某事6. answer for对……负责7. speak of/speak about大胆讲话;大声说出来二十二、动词set,send构成的短语set up 建立set a goal 设定目标set an example for sb树立榜样set a new record创造新纪录set about doing sth 开始做set aside 留出存钱set down 记下放下让...下车set off出发引发使...爆炸set out 出发for sp 开始做~ to do sthsend for派人去请send out发出(光亮等)send up发射send off寄出,派遣;给……送行send in寄送某处进行处理二十三、动词show,point,agree,pay构成的短语1. show sb. in领某人进来2. show sb. out领某人出去3. show sb. around领某人参观4. point out指出5. point at指指点点6. agree to do sth. 同意做某事7. agree with同意某人的意见;适合于8. agree on意见一致9. pay for付钱10. pay off还清债务取得成功11. pay back把钱还回给某人二十四、动词try,wait构成的短语1. try on试穿2. try out试用3. wait on服侍;伺候4. wait for等待5. try one’s best to do尽力去做……二十五、动词bring构成的短语bring about 引发造成bring back把...带回来使回忆起恢复bring down降低使倒下降落bring forward 提出把...提前bring in引进赚进牵扯进bring out使...表现出来、说明、出版bring up抚养、教育、提出、呕吐二十六、动词pick构成的短语pick out挑选分辨出pick off摘掉pick up捡起开车接非正式的学会收听广播加快恢复收集二十七、动词cut构成的短语cut down砍到削减cut down on削减cut off切掉水电气的供应cut up切碎cut out剪下删掉停止做cut across 抄近路二十八、动词leave构成的短语leave the water running 让水一直流leave the door locked/shut让门被锁着leave me alone别打扰我leave word/a message留下口信便条leave behind留下把...丢在后面leave out遗漏冷落leave over 剩下留下leave for 出发前往ask for three days' leave请三天假二十九、动词let构成的短语letlet out 发出泄露let in让进来let sb down让失望let him be别管他let alone...更不用说三十、动词pull构成的短语pull up车停下pull through恢复健康度过难关pull in 列车进站pull out列车出站拿出pull on 穿上pull down 把...往下拉拆毁三十一、动词stand构成的短语stand by 袖手旁观stand for象征代表赞成容忍stand out 突出显眼杰出stand up for 维护权益stand doing sth 忍受三十二、动词think构成的短语thinkthink of 考虑想起think of... as...认为think over仔细考虑think twice 三思think up想出think highly of高度评价三十三、动词settle构成的短语settle down 安定下来定居平静settle down to sth开始专心于settle for勉强接受settle in适应settle on 决定settle an argument处理争议三十四、动词lose构成的短语lose face丢脸lose heart灰心lose one's heart to sb.迷上lose one's temper发脾气lose one's way迷路lose weight减肥lose sight of 看不见高考质量提升是一项系统工程,涉及到多个方面、各个维度,关键是要抓住重点、以点带面、全面突破,收到事半功倍的效果。
【高中英语】高考英语高频动词短语汇总

【高中英语】高考英语高频动词短语汇总纵观近几年的英语高考试卷我们不难发现,很多考生因对高考一、几个常见的动词1.关于make1)make当“做、制造”解时,可跟双宾语。
例如:他会做meakite=他会做akiteforme。
他将为我做一只风筝。
2)make通常与一些表示动作的名词连用。
(1)学习/旅行/承诺/行动/声明/请求/改变/火灾/演讲/报告/面子/计划/生活/差异(2)makeanexplanation/experiment/excuse/apology(3)做准备/进步/房间/面包/茶/咖啡3)make作使役动词时,表示“使......做某事、使......成为”,可跟复合结构,其中的宾补它可以是:(1)形容词:theyaretryingtomakeourcountrybeautiful.他们在努力使我们的国家变得美丽。
(2)我将让你成为地球之王。
(3)过去分词:whatmadehimsofrightened?什么使他如此害怕?(4)这个男孩做鬼脸只是为了逗别的孩子笑。
注意:make在被动语态中一定要带to的不定式。
(5)构图:makeit+adj+todosth./使(做)成某事4)make作“制造、组成”时构成的词组,常使用被动语态。
(1)成品+bemadeof+原材料(可以看到原材料)(2)成品+bemadefrom+原材料(看不出原材料)(3)原材料+原料+成品(4)成品+bemadeby+执行者/制造者(5)成品+bemadein+位置(6)物体/组织+bemadeupof+若干成分5)由make组成的两个常用短语(1)makeup弥补,编造,构成,化妆,整理。
编个故事(2)makefull/good/thebestuseof充分利用。
我们必须充分利用好天气。
2.关于consider1)当“考虑”时,它后面可以跟名词/代词/从句、连接代词/副词+托多或动名词。
如:haveyouconsideredhowtogothere?你考虑过如何去那里了吗?2)“思考+宾语+宾语补语”结构常用于“思考…”、考虑…”宾语补语可以是名词/形容词/不定式(不定式完成)。
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高考高频动词及动词短语【专题要点】动词和动词短语是英语中最灵活、最难掌握的词,其主要考点概览如下:1.实义动词sell, write, wash, wear等词的主动形式后跟副词表示被动意义;2.happen, occur, break out, come out, belong to等词为不及物动词或短语,无被动形式;3.同义、近义或结构近似的动词或短语动词的辨析;4.由get, turn, break ,take, set, come等动词构成的动词短语;5.have和get常见的用法;6.appear, seem和look的用法与区别。
【考纲要求】动词和动词短语,在历年高考题中所占比例最大,设题时往往都是给出四个不同的动词或短语来测试考生在具体语境中对动词短语意义的理解和运用能力。
主要出现在单项选择及完形填空中,考纲要求在复习备考中要掌握以下几个方面:1.动词的词义;2.动词搭配;3.动词短语;4.及物动词和不及物动词的特殊用法;5.常用动词的用法;6.熟记20个高频动词构成的短语用法(break, bring, call, carry, come, cut, die, give, go, get, hold, look, make, pick, put, set, take, turn, set等)【教法指引】考查动词词义辨析和动词短语辨析是高考命题的基本形式,教师在引导学生复习备考中,要把握考纲要求,重点突出,找出易混点,重点词、词组,高频词、词组,正确辨析动词的同义词、近义词,动词短语的相近形式和意义,引导学生理解句意、语境通过辨析、理解语境,在训练中掌握这项考点。
一、动词的分类根据意义和句法作用,英语动词可分为四类:1.行为动词(实义动词)①及物动词(带宾语):study, develop;②不及物动词(不带宾语)work, swim, go, come③状态动词(相对静止)contain, exist, own, prefer, belong④动作动词延续性(work, stay);非延续性(marry, go, come)2.系动词①表示人或事物的特征和状态:be, feel, look, seem, taste, appear, sound②表示状态的变化:turn, go, become, get, fall, grow③表示某种状态的延续或持续:remain, keep, stay3.助动词(与动词原形或分词构成复合谓语):be(am,is,are),do(does,did);have(has);will,would,shall4.情态动词:can(could),may(might),must,shall(should)二、动词及动词短语(一)、动词词义辨析动词是是各类考试的重点,高考试题中,单项填空、完形填空和改错等三项题型中,动词辨义的比重较大,并逐年增加。
动词辨义主要指:1、形状相同的动词之间辨义。
如:lie, lay; hanged, hung; rise, raise; sit, seat等。
2、意义相近的动词之间辨义。
如:borrow, lend; speak, say, talk; hope, wish等。
3、动词与其它词形相近、意义相似的词的辨义。
如:advise, advice; cost, worth; pass, past 等。
4、意义不同,但容易混淆的动词的辨义。
如:explain, say; discover, invent, uncover; find, find out 等。
5、某些常用动词的习惯用法的辨义。
如:ask, give, call, make, find, get, keep, want, see, hear等。
6、某些常用动词短语的辨义。
如:give in, give up, turn on, turn off, turn down, turn up等。
(二)、易混动词归纳对比1、lay(放), lie(躺)与lie(说谎):这三个易混动词构成见下表:中文原形过去式过去分词现在分词说明放lay laid laid laying及物动词躺lie lay lain lying不及物动词说谎lie lied lied lying不及物动词2、rise和raise:rise是不及物动词,其过去式是rose,过去分词是risen,而raise是及物动词,是规则动词。
3、hear与listen to:hear侧重点是听到,听见什么,而listen to是侧重于听的倾向,但hear用于无意中的听见,而listen to却用于集中注意力的听。
4、see, watch和look:see用作看电影,剧目;watch则用作看电视比赛,而watch还有在旁观看之意。
如:Are you going to play or only watch?;look一般用作不及物动词,只是当盯着某人看时用作及物动词,如:The little boy looked me in the face.(小男孩直盯着我的脸。
)5、wind和wound:wind意为蜿蜒而行,其过去式与过去分词都是wound,而动词原形wound意为伤害,其过去式、过去分词都是wounded。
6、hang的用法:hang有两个意思:一为悬挂,是不规则动词,过去式、过去分词都是hung;二为绞刑,是规则动词,其过去式、过去分词都是hanged。
7、hear的过去分词born与borne:bear作为出生讲有两个过去分词born,borne。
只有当be+born…短语后没有by介词短语时,才可用born。
如:He was born in Shanghai. 而作它用时要用borne。
如:She has borne five children. 但如果作忍受讲,则一律用borne。
8、sit与seat:seat为及物动词时是作容纳讲,sit只是表示一动作。
seat如果表示就座时要用be seated。
如:They were seated at their desks. 或用seat oneself, 比如:I seated myself in the armchair.9、borrow, lend与keep:借入英文中用borrow,借出用lend,但这两个词都是截止性动词或瞬间动词,不能用于长时间的动作,所以我能借多久应用keep。
10、win与beat:win作胜、赢讲时其后应接,a game, an argument, a battle, a prize, a contest, a race,a bet,但不能接人,如果接人则有另外的含意。
如:I have won him. 即我已说服他了,我赢得他的好感。
而beat是及物动词为击败、胜过讲,直接接人、队。
11、steal与rob:steal为偷。
rob为抢,其用法不同。
steal其后接物+from+某人、某地,而rob其后接人+of+抢的物品。
12、fit与suit:fit与suit均可作合适讲,但英文中却用在不同的地方。
如fit用于尺寸大小的合适,而suit 则多用于颜色式样的合适。
13、take, bring 与fetch:英文中拿三个词,即拿来,拿去,去取然后回来(即双程)。
所以拿来,带来是bring,拿去带走是take,而去取回来是fetch。
14、shut与close:shut与close有时是可以互换的,但有些地方则不可这样做。
如:在正式场合多用close,而在命令,态度粗暴的场合则用shut。
如:Shut your mouth!(闭嘴);又如:Shut up. 在指铁路、公路交通关闭或停止使用的场合,则要用close。
15、answer与reply:作为回答讲answer是及物动词,如作不及物动词,则意义不同,如answer for,意为向某人或向某事负责。
而reply作回答讲是不及物动词,后跟宾语时,要加上to。
16、reach,arrive与get to:reach当到达讲是及物动词,而当延伸和拿得到、拿不到时讲,则是不及物动词。
作到达讲时还有get to, arrive(at/in)。
17、cost,spend与take:英文中花费有三个词cost, spend, take,但各有不同用法。
cost作“花费”讲,主语不能是人,而spend的主语不能是物。
如:she spent all his money on stamps.而take作花费讲时,可用人也可用物做主语。
更多的用法是用形式主语it,如It takes me three hours to finish this work.18、lost, gone与missing:作补足语时意为丢失、不见了,可以用lost, gone,但要用miss时则不能用missed, 而要用missing.19、have on, wear, put on及dress:作穿衣服讲的动词分为状态和动作两种。
have on与wear作穿着状态讲;但have on不用进行时态,而wear则常要用进行时态。
put on是动作,但dress既可用作状态,又可用作穿衣动作,但用作状态时要用其过去分词作形容词如: He was dressed in a b1ue suit作动作讲时,其后不要接衣物而要接反身代词或表示人、物的名词,如:I dress my children in the morning every day.20、begin与startbegin与Start 均可作开始讲,并无多少区别,同样可接不定式或动名词.但在下面的场合多要用Start:1)机器的开动发动;2)旅途的开始。
如:we shou1d have to start early because there was a lot traffic in the street。
21、allow 与permitallow与permit其后直接接动作时要用动名词,如接人后再接动词则要用不定式,所以用在被动语态时一定要用不定式。
如:People are not allowed to spit.22、find与foundfind找到的过去式和过去分词都是found,而found是动词“建立”的原形,其过去式和过去分词是founded,founded,如:The People’s Republic of China was founded in 1949.23、speak, say, talk 与tell英文中讲有4个词,speak, say, talk, tell.但其中speak, talk多用作不及物动词,但speak后加语言名词时则用作及物动词,如:Please speak English。