趣味英美文化第一讲
英美文化入门
The Archbishop of York
IV. Teaching Hours
V. Contents
1.Ethnic composition
1)Before the Norman Conquest
• • • • • • • Iberians Celts Angles Saxons Jutes Scandinavians French Normans
V. Contents
2. A Brief Introduction of the British Religious History
3. Introduction of Churches
1) The Church of England
The Church of England
The Archbishop of Canterbury
II. Focal Questions
• Why are the British people regarded as "mixed people"? • What are the three main periods of English Language? • How many classes are there in British society according to objective approach?
Procedures
• Presentation by Students – Focal questions • Lectures by the teacher • Class discussion – Exploitation Activities • Assignment for the next chapter
英美文化知识讲座
英美文化知识讲座美国文化（一）1. The United States of America consists of states in all.a. 51b. 50c. 48d. 302. The total area of the U.S.A. is about square miles.a. 97600,000b. 9,300,000c. 3,615,211d. 2,263,7213. To the east of America lies t he Ocean and to the west of it theOcean.a. Atlantic...Pacificb. Indian...Pacificc. Pacific...Atlanticd. Pacific...Arctic4. Of the two states of the U.S.A. off the mainland, lies in the Pacific Ocean.a. Alaskab. Hawaiic. Floridad. Rhode Island5. The Appalachian Range begins from and reaches .a. California...Texasb. Colorado...Arizonac. Canadian border...Wyomingd. Maine...Alabama6. The world-famous Yellowstone National Park is situated ina. the Rocky Mountainsb. the Appalacnhian Mountainsc. the Central Plaind. the Great Lakes7. Between the Colorado Plateaus and the Columbia Plateaus lies , which is the driest part of the country.a. Gulf Plainb. Death Valleyc. the Great Basind. New England8. Death Valley, meters below the sea level, is the lowest point in North America.a. 85b. 58c. 98d. 1859. is the most important agricultural area in the U.S.A.a. The Great Plainsb. The eatern part of the Central Plainc. The Columbia Districtd. The Great Basin10. The Mississippi River, the longest river in the United States, is aboutmiles long.a. 5,376b. 6,226c. 9.300d. 2,35011. The largest river city in the United States is .a. St. Louisb. Phildelphiac. Detroitd. Pittsburgh12. The largest fresh water lake in the world is .a. Lake Ontariob. Lake Eriec. Lake Superiord. Lake Michigan13. in the state of is the largest inland salt lake in North America.a. Lake Ontario...New Hampshireb. The Neagh Lake...Wyomingc. The Great Salt Lake...Utahd. The Great Salt Lake...Washington14. Which of the following statements about the climate in the United States is NOTtrue?a. Most of the United States territory stands in the northern temperate zone.b. Through the middle of the United States, north and south, runs a well-known50 centimeter Rainfall Line, to the east of which there is less rainfall to thewest of which there is more rainfall.c. Taking the United States as a whole, its climate may be classified as one of thecontinental or one of the mild subtropical one.d. The Southern part of Florida enjoys a tropical climate.15. The state of has the biggest population in the United States.a. New Yorkb. Arizonac. Oklahomad. California16. The Pacific states--Washington, ,California, and are famous for their fruit.a. Florida...Maineb. Alabama...Georgiac. Virginia...Alaskad. Oregon...Haw aii17. The major producers of petroleum in the United States are and Oklahoma.a. Texasb. South Carolinac. Californiad. Rhode Island18. The United States is now the largest trading partner of China.a. secondb. thirdc. firstd. fourth19. , which is in the city of , is America's oldest university.a. Yale University-..Bostonb. Massachusetts University...Bostonc. Harvard University...Bostond. Harvard University...Chicago20. The phrase "Cradle of American Liberty" is used to refer to .a. San Franciscob. Philadelphiac. New Orleansd. Boston21. In New York all streets running from south to north are called , and thoserunning from east to west are called .a. streets ... avenuesb. avenues ... streetsc. roads ... avenuesd. streets ... roads22. Broadway in New York is .a. a shopping centerb. a fashion centerc. a financial centerd. a center of theaters23. The Statue of Liberty, given as a gift by , stands on the Liberty Island in.a. France ... Bostonb. Italy ... Washingtonc. Spain ... Chicagod. France ... New York24. Because of the availability of rich iron ore from its surrounding country and theLake Superior region, has become the largest producer of iron and steel in the United States.a. Detroitb. Miamic. Pittsburghd. Chicago25. As the largest city in the United States, Chicago is most famous forits .a. second -.. chemical industryb. fifth ... iron and steel industryc. third ... food processing industryd. fourth ... automobile industry26. is a famous automotive town bordering on Lake Erie and has almost thehighest rate of crimes.a. Pittsburghb. Detroitc. Birminghamd. Houston27. Miami, a sub-tropical city in Florida, is best known for its .a. tourism industryb. chemical industryc. food-processing industryd. package industry28. The U.S. National Aeronautic and Space Administration is situated in whilethe Kennedy Space Center lies in .a. Seattle ... Los Angelesb. San Francisco ... New Yorkc. Birmingham ... Bostond. Houston ... Florida29. The Boeing Company, which leads the United States in producing multi-enginejets, has its headquarter in .a. Seattleb. Houstonc. Philadelphiad. Los Angeles30. The U.S.A. is known as a "Melting Pot" for its .a. mixture of religionb. mixture of nationalitiesc. mixture of climatesd. mixture of states31. The ethnic and racial diversity of the United States resulted mostly from .a. too many aggressionsb. the fast development of industryc. immigration from various parts of the world and importation of slaves fromAfricad. its big population32. Which of the following statements is NOT true of US industry?a. The United States leads the world in the most advanced technologies such aselectricity, iron and steel, automobile, etc..b. The United States can be divided into three industrial sections.c. Three-fourth of the US national manufacturing and processing industry iscentered in the northeast of the U.S.A..d. The industries in the United States are distributed evenly throughout the country.33. Of all American crops, is the most imporant.a. riceb. barleyc. cornd. wheat34. American agriculture is commercial in nature and organized in the form of .a. farmsb. clubsc. working groupsd. farming teams35. Which of the following statements about the US agriculture is NOT true?a. The United States has 2.4 million farms worked by 3 million farmers.b. The commercial feature of the US agriculture is clearly shown by itsgeographical distribution.c. The Central Plain is tile chief agricultural region of the U.S.A..d. The development of the US agriculture depends completely on its home market美国文化（二）1. In , financed by , Christopher Columbus sailed west in search ofa new route to the East Indies.a. 1607 ... Virginia Companyb. 1588 ... the English kingc. 1492 ... the Spanish kingd. 1603 ... Queen Elizabeth2. America was named after , an Italian sailor who discovered the continent of South America.a. Francis Drakeb. Amrigo Vespuccic. George Grenvilied. Christopher Columbus3. In 1588 when the English Fleet defeated the Spanish Armada, the English monarch was .a. Queen Elizabethb. Queen Victoriac. James td. Edward III4. The proprietary colonies refer to thea. colonies under the English king who appointed a governor to represent himb. colonies established according to a charter issued by the English kingc. lands in the New world granted by the English king to his supportersd. none of the above5. The first Thanksgiving Day was celebrated in by the English Paritansto .a. 1602... proclaim their independence of Englandb. 1602 ... celebrate the establishment of their first settlementc. 1621 ... mark the 129th anniversity of Columbus, discovery of Americad. 1621 ... express their thanks to God for the big harvest6. Which of the following statements about the life of the early, settlers in America is NOT true?a. During the colonial time a common American home was called the "log cabin".b. Most people wore homespun clothes of wool or flax.c. They did not have enough food to feed themslves most of the time.d. Besides hardwork they enjoyed themselves in various ways.7. Harvard University, which was established in , and Yale University, which was set up in , are two of the most pretigeous U.S. universities.a. 1620 ... 1621 b. 1649 (1701)c. 1636 ... 1649 d. 1636 (1736)8. The , passed in by the English Parliament, provided that stamp paper must be used for all legal documents and other articles.a. Navigation Act (1763)b. Sugar Act (1765)c. Stamp Act (1764)d. Stamp Act (1765)9. The "French and indian War" was fought between and .a. French ... Indiansb. French with Portuguese ... Indians with Spaniardsc. French with hood winked Indians ... English with deceived Indiansd. French with English ... Indians10. The Boston Tea Party took place in the year of .a. 1377b. 1737c. 1773d. 178111. The "Boston Port Act" was passed by the English Parliament to declare.a. the close of Boston Harborb. the opening of Boston Harborc. the establishment of Boston Harbord. the enlargement of Boston Harbor12. Promoted by Samuel Adams, an organization called " " was set up toconduct communications among different towns on matters of common concern.a. the Sons of Libertyb. the Underground Railroadc. the Committee of Correspondenced. the Society of Friends13. The First Continental Congress was held in in September .a. New York ... 1781 b. Washington (1789)c. Philadelphia ... 1774 d. Boston (1765)14. The Colony which did not send its representative to attend the First ContinentalCongress was .a. Georgiab. New Hampshirec. Delawared. Maine15. Which of the following is NOT one of the results of the First ContinentalCongress?a. The colonies decided to break away from England and set up an independentcountry.b. The leader of the colonies became more acquainted with one another.c. The representatives drew up a prestest against the laws passed by parliamentbetween 1704 and 1774.d. The colonies agreed to stop buying goods from England until the EnglishParliament repealed its objectionable laws.16. The Declaration of Rights and Grievances mainly demanded .a. the independence of the colonies.b. the establishment of more colonies.c. the protection of the colonies and the correction of the English government'sunfair treatmentd. the passage of the Boston Port Act17. The beginning of the War of Independence was marked by the small battle inon April 19, 1775.a. Lexington and Concordb. Bostonc. Yorktownd. Philadelphia18. The important thing done in the Second Continental Congress was .a. The Declaration of Independence was signedb. The American Revolutionary War came to an endc. Washington was appointed commanderd. Thomas Paine issued his pamphlet "Common Sense"19. In the pamphlet "Coramon Sense", Thomas Paine .a. declared freedom of slaves in Americab. argued independence of the coloniesc. stated how people should behave themselvesd. rebuffed the decisions made by the Second Continental Congress20. , a representative of , suggested that the Second Continental Congress draw up a declaration of independence.a. Thomas Jefferson ... Massachusettsb. Thomas Paine ... Rhode Islandc. Richard Henry Lee ... Virginiad. Thomas Becket ... Pennsylvania21. National Day of the United States is observed today on the same day when .a. the Declaration of Independence was adoptedb. Britain acknowledged the independence of the United Statesc. Washington was elected President of the United Statesd. the War of Independence ended22. The American War of independence lasted for about years.a. fiveb. sixc. sevend. eight23. Which of the following statesments is NOT true of the American war ofIndependence?a. The military advantage was on the English side.b. The colonists in America were fighting a just war.c. The American War of Independence ended in the victory of the coloniesd. Abraham Lincoln showed great organiziging talent and proved competent ascommander-in-chief.24. On Christmas night, 1776, the American army crossed the River andsurprised an English army at , New Jersey.a. Delaware ... Trentonb. Missouri ... Richmondc. Hudson ... Detroitd. St. Lawrence ... Lexington25. The Battle of , won by the colonial army in the fall of 1777, was aturning point of the American War of Independence,a. Lexingtonb. Concordc. Saratogad. Yorktown20, French help to the American War of Independence mainly resulted from , successful diplomatic activities.a. Franklin'sb. Thomas Jefferson'sc. Abraham Lincoln'sd. John Hamilton's27. In , Washington, with the help of the French army, surrounded theBritish troops at on the Virginia coast.a. 1781 ... Yorktownb. 1775 ... Lexingtonc. 1776 ... Trentond. 1777 ... Saratoga28. On October th, 1781, the British general surrendered.a. 15 ... Grantb. 19 ... Cornwallisc. 27 ... John of Gauntd. 8 ... John Wycliff29. On September , 1783, a peace treaty was signed in by Englandand America.a. 17th ... Londonb. 25th ... New Yorkc. 2ith ... Bostond. 3rd ... Paris30. In order to revise the Articles of the Confederation, was held in May,1787.a. the First Continental Congressb. the Second Continental Continental Congressc. the Constitutional Conventiond. the Washington Conference31. Which of the following statements is NOT true of the U.S. Constitution?a. The Contitution was formally adopted on September 17th, 1787.b. The Constitution took its shape as a result of many compromises.c. The Constitution provided slavery should be allowed in the United States ofAmerica.d. The Contitution met strong opposition from the labouring people at first.32. Washington swore into office as the first U. S. President on April 30th, .a. 1787b. 1789c. 1781d. 179333. In July, 1791 ten amendments, known as were put into the U. S.Constitution.a. the Missouri Compromiseb. the Articles of Confederationc. the Civil Rightsd. the Bill of Rights34. When the location of a new capital was under discussion after Washington hadbeen sworn into office, were not enthusiastic about the location.a. the Northern Statesb. the Southern Statesc. North Carolina and Georgiad. South Carolina and Maine35. George Whashington was in office as President for years.a. fourb. eightc. twelved. sixteen36. Thomas Jefferson's inauguration as the first Democratic-Re publican Presidentmarked .a. the beginning of the constitutional monarchyb. the end of America's territorial expansionc. the independence of the United Statesd. the beginning of the peaceful transition of political control from one party toanother37. In 1803 Jefferson bought for dollars from and doubledthe territory of the United States.a. Florida ... 150 million ... Hollandb. California ... 200 million ... Mexicoc. Louisiana ... 12 million ... Franced. Alaska ... 6. 7 million ... Russia38. Which of the following did not serve as a cause for the 1812 war between Englandand America.a. American ships were searched by the English Navy on the sea,b. The English navy caught American sailors at seac. The English stirred up the Indians to oppose Americad. The English soldiers killed six Americans in Boston.39. The Peace Treaty of Ghent was signed by the United States and in.a. France ... 1781 b. England (1783)c. England ... 1814 d. Mexico (1896)40. The United States completely got rid of the British control after .a. the War of Independenceb. the American Civil Warc. the Second War of Independenced. the First World War41. The "Monroe Doctrine" was put forward by President Monroe in 1823 in anattempt to .a. get rid of English interference in America's internal affairsb. prevent the European countries from extending their influence in SouthAmerica.c. ask the European coutntries for financial helpd. establish alliance with Latin American countries42. The U. S. Mexican War broke out in the year of .a. 1814b. 1812c. 1846d. 189443. "Squatters" referred to .a. the frontiersmen who rushed to occupy land in the Wild West without payingany money to the governmentb. the Americans who opposed the U. S. Constitutionc. the Americans who were allowed to settle in Mexicod. the American soldiers who invaded Mexico in 184644. The Homestead Act provided that the head of an American family could occupyacres of the west without paying any money to the government if he promised to live on and cultivate it for years.a. 140 ... 2 b. 160 ... 5 c. 20 ... 7 d. 150 (3)45. Which of the following statements about the American frontiersmen is NOT true?a. Most of the frontiersmen moved to the Wild West on rafts and flatboats.b. The frontiersmen were rough, and pragmatic as a result of hard labour and tensecompetition.c. The frontiersmen contributed a lot to the formation of American characterd. Some well-known American Presidents were from among the frontiersmen46. In the Presidential election of 1860 the party was divided, greatlyweakening its strength.a. Democraticb. Republicanc. Populistsd. Labour47. Abraham Lincoln from the state of was elected the firstPresident in .a. California ... Democratic (1854)b. Texas ... Democratic (1801)c. Maine ... Republican (1861)d. Illinois ... Republican (1860)48. was the first state to secede from the Union after the presidential election of 1860.a. New Jerseyb. Idahoc. South Carolinad. Texas49. The Southern States of America formed a new country, the Confederate States ofAmerica, in 1860, chose as their President and made their capital.a. Abraham Lincoln ... Washington D. C.b. Jefferson Davis .. Richmondc. Robert Anderson ... Fort Sumterd. Roosevelt ... Appomatax50. The American Civil War broke out on , 1861 when the South attacked aUnited States fort in South Carolina.a. April 12thb. October 1stc. September 15thd. July 4th51. Britain and France offered help to the South during the American Civil Warmainly because .a. they had not fought any war for a long timeb. they needed cotton from the Southc. the South held their hostagesd. the South had once helped Britain and France fight against the Romans52. Which of the following statesments about the American Civil War is NOT true.a. The American Civil War was a bourgeois revolution in nature.b. The Federal Army suffered a lot of setbacks at the beginning of the war.c. The American Civil War ended in the victory of the North.d. The "Homestead Bill" declared the abolition of slavery, which was one of theobjectives of the war.53. In , the United States purchased from Russia.a. 1872...Maineb. 1867...Alaskac. 1899...East Samoad. 1847...Mexico54. Hawaii fell into the U.S. control in .a. 1859b. 1861c. 1898d. 189355. On April 29th, 1898, the US Congress declared war on .a. Englandb. Mexicoc. Spaind. France56. The abolitionists referred to those who .a. demanded abolition of the US Constitutionb. favoured slavery in the Southc. demanded immediate abolition of slavery during the American Civil War.d. were opposed to the Emancipation Proclamation57. Which of the following statements is NOT true of the U.S. Spanish Wara. It was the first imperialist war for redividing the w6rld.b. The war marked a new stage in which the United States transformed intocapitalism.c. The war lasted for about three months.d. From the war the United States began its modern history.58. The 1880's witnessed a labour movement striving for .a. the abolition of the Statute of Labour.b. an eight-hour work-dayc. improvement of the old facilitiesd. America's entry into the First World War59. The International Women's Day originated from a big strike launched inon March 8th, .a. New York (1773)b. Boston (1787)c. Philadelphia (1894)d. Chicago (1909)60. The First World War was fought between two military blocs: the TripleAlliance--Germany, Austria, , and the Entente--- Russia, and Britain.a. Italy...Franceb. France...Italyc. Spain...Italyd. Italy...Portugal61. Which one of the following was NOT a cause that made the U.S. enter the FirstWorld Wara. The Germans declared its submarines would sink all ships going to England,which would injure American trade.b. America got the news that Germany would ask Mexico for help if the U.S.entered the war against Germany.c. The situation became favourable to the Triple Entente after 2 years of fighting.d. The "February Revolution" took place in Russia in 1917.62. The U.S. Congress declared war on Germany on April 4th, .a. 1914b. 1916c. 1917d. 191863. The limited the ratio of American, British and Japanese warshipsto :5:3.a. Paris Conference (6)b. Yalta Conference ... 1.75c. Washington Conference (5)d. The Four-Power Treaty (4)64. After the First World War the U.S. Congress passed the Immigration: Quota Lawwith the purpose to .a. acquire more land in Central Americab. allow more American citizens to settle in Mexicoc. curb the influx of vast horde of immigrants from east and south Europed. attract more scientists and research workers from other countries65. Hoovervilles referred to .a. a villa of President Hoover in Floridab. the dug-outs or tin-can shacks where the jobless people lived during the GreatDepressionc. the large commercial districts built in New York after the First World Ward. President Hoover's hometown66. "The New Deal" was a series of measures taken by to pull America outof the economic crisis.a. President Rooseveltb. President Hooverc. Secretary of State Marshald. President Kennedy67. Which of the following was NOT included in "the New Deal?a. Regulating financeb. Checking the government loan to farmersc. Readiusting foreign relationsd. Reoganizing industry68. The Second World War broke out in and ended in .a. 1914 ... 1918 b. 1929 (1930)c. 1939 ... 1945 d. 1950 (1953)69. The immediate cause of the Second World War was .a. the Great Deppressionb. the Washington Conferencec. Japan's sudden attack on the Pearl Harbord. Germany's invasion of Poland70. On Jane 22, 1941, the Germans, tearing up the , invaded Russia.a. Treaty of Wangxiab. Treaty of Tianjinc. Munich Pactd. Russo-German Pact71. The Second World War had two war arenas in the world: the European arena and.a. the Pacific arenab. the Atlantic arenac. the Indian Arenad. the Antarctic arena72. In the Second World War two battles served as the turning points of the war, Onewas the Battle of Stalingrad and the other was .a. the Battle of Hastingsb. the Battle of Bunker Hillc. the Battle of Midway Islandd. the Battle of Saratoga73. The Second European battle-field was opened in .a. 1939b. 1941c. 1944d.194574. On May 2nd, 1945, the captured Berlin and on , Germanysurrendered.a. American army...August 14thb. French army...June 22ndc. British army...May 10thd. Russian army...May 8th75. The Second World War ended on when Japan surrenderedunconditionally.a. August 14th, 1945b. May 5th, 1944c. July 4th, 1946d. April 12th, 194376. At tile end of the Second World War, Germany was divided into four zones ofoccupation, held respectively by Britain, the United States, the Soviet Union and .a. Franceb. Japanc. Spaind. Australia77. Which of the following statements about America in the Second World War inNOT true?a. America maintained neutrality at the beginning of the war.b. America entered the war when Germany broke its promise and invaded Poland.c. The American Pacific Fleet was attacked by the Japanese air force on December7th, 1941.d. America served as the "arsenal of democracy" during the Second World War.78. The idea that joint efforts should be made to crush Nazi atrocities and that thepeople of all countries should have the right to choose the form of their governments was expressed in the document known as " ".a. the Russo-German Pactb. the Atlantic Charterc. the NATO Pactd. the British-American Communique79. The announcement that Japan should return to China China's territory that it hadoccupied since W.W.I was made in the series of conferences held by Roosevelt, and Chiang Kaishek in 1943.a. Stalinb. Churchillc. Marshald. Madison80. On 1945, representatives of nations met at to erectthe framework of the United Nations and draft its constitution.a. July 21st ... 45 ... New Yorkb. April 25th ... 50 ... San Franciscoc. November 22nd ... 160 ... londond. October 15th ... 150 ... Paris81. The Cold War referred to the political and diplomatic tension between the Eastand the West, especially between and .a. the United States and the Soviet Unionb. the Soviet Union and Chinac. the United States and Britaind. the Soviet Union and Germany82. "Marshal Plan", proposed by Secretary of State in , offered tohelp recover from the Second World War.a. Jefferson ... 1945 ... Asia.b. Marshal ... 1944 ... Africac. Baker ... 1958 ... Chinad. Marshal ...1947 ... Europe83. Ten European countries organized the North Atlantic Treaty Organization in theyear of .a. 1949b. 1950c. 1953d. 196884. The Korean War, which began in 1950 and ended in 1953, was fought betweenKorea and .a. Soviet Unionb. the United Statesc. South Koread. Britain-France Allies85. The Cuban Missile Crisis was the conflict that occurred in 1962 whentried to establish missile bases in Cuba.a. the United Statesb. Britainc. the Soviet Uniond. France86. In 1960's, the United States witnessed the black Civil Rights Movement led by.a. President Kennedyb. Dr. Martin Luther Kingc. Simon de Montfortd. John Wycliff87. The beat generation refers to the young people born during the baby-boom, whodemanded .a. further amendents of the US Constitutionb. absolute individualism and freedomc. equal treatment for the blacks in U.S.A.d. equality of men and women88. Which of the following about President Nixon is NOT true?a. Nixon was elected President in 1068.b. Nixon made great achievements in foreign policy, especially his friendlyapproach to China.c. Nixon was successful in winning the confidence of the American people.d. Nixon had to resign in 1974 because of the Watergate Scandal.89. 1972 witnessed 's historic visit to China for the normilization of theSino-U.S.A relation.a. President Nixonb. President Reaganc. Vice-President Bushd. Secretary of State Baker90. Which of the following statements about the Women's Liberation Movement isNOT true?a. The Women's Liberation Movement was the single important social movementof the 1970's in the U.S.A.b. The Women's Liberation Movement was commonly known as the Civil RightsMovement.c. The Women's Liberatation met with strong opposition.d. Women's lib. was used to refer to the Women's Liberation Movement.。
Unit 1 英美文化背景知识
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Part I English in the World
According to research by the British Council, "English has official* or special status in at least seventy-five countries with a total population of over two billion.
To be involved in English culture.
To help English learning
To help better communicate with people from English-speaking countries
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Requirements
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Ireland - Photos
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New Zealand
• Maori name: Aotearoaan (= land of the white cloud) • Capital: Wellington • Size: 270,534 km² • Population: 3.5 million • Borders: no direct borders; surrounded by sea (South Pacific) • Currency: New Zealand Dollar • Official languages: English, Maori • Nationality / People: A person of New Zealand nationality is a New Zealander
A Brief Introduction to the Culture of the English-speaking Countries
英美文化入门
相关介绍
• 另外由于原著故事实在太长太复杂，编剧 被逼删改不少剧情，其中更把重心放在摩 西和王子中间，本来在原著内颇有名声的 Miriam和Aaron（亚伦）则沦为大配角，这 点比较可惜。因为Miriam和Aaron在原著中 亦有不少值得一拍的故事。不过碍于电影 片长有限，这亦无可口非。
• 众所周知，交际的基础是语言，正确交际 的保障是文化 ,由于我们的文化认同迥异于 西方，有些语言所传递的信息是完全不能 按照我们中国人的文化理念去理解和接纳 的。例如：
Why 文化差异
• 1.地域文化差异
• 主要指地理环境、自然环境方面的文化。 受自然环境的影响，不同民族在对同一事 物的认识上存在差异。例如：
Why
• 2.民族文化差异 • 民族文化是指由历史发展和社会遗产所形
成的文化，各个民族由于其历史发展各异， 在其漫长的民族历史长河中所形成的文化 也不相同 .例如： • 在西方，特别是在美国，人们极端崇拜个 人主义（individualism），注重个人奋斗， 崇尚自我价值的实现。所以提倡个人奋斗、 个人成功已成为美国社会的文化核心。因 此，在英语词典中以self为前缀的合成词超 过了100个，也就不足为奇了。
第一堂 课程的目的
• 1.主要通过多媒体教学手段，帮助大家了解 英美两国的国家概况，文学历史，风俗习 惯、社会教育等基础知识，
• 2.同时还要采取适当方法增加大家的阅读量 和词汇量，提高英语水平.
• 3.通过学习培养大家理性地宽容地对待异国 文化的态度，培养大家的跨文化交际能力。
Why 文化差异
Answer
• 总之，我们可以得出结论，不了解英美文 化，不了解其和中国文化的差异，要学好 英语是不可能的。反过来说，越深刻细致 地了解所学语言国家的历史、文化、传统、 风俗习惯、生活方式，就越能正确理解和 准确地使用这一语言。
学校课程趣味英美文化第一讲ppt课件
A. navy
B. air force
C. army
D. coronatim
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礼炮
• 礼炮最早源于英国海军。当时,英国最大战 舰装有21门大炮,全部放空便是最高礼节。 这就是21响礼炮的来历。其次19门炮,19响 便是次一点的礼节了。1875年,美国人从英 国那里学来这种方法,正式采用放礼炮的礼 节,后来便风行世界,并一直延续到今天。
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English Channel
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8. Loch Nesss 是苏格兰人所说的盖尔语 (Gaelic)，Loch是“湖”的意思。尼斯湖是 英国最大的淡水湖(fresh water lake)，位于 苏格兰北部的苏格兰大峡谷。此处湖光山色 秀丽，风景十分优美。但尼斯湖最出名的还 是它那神秘的湖中神兽。据说，1933年8月， 一位叫格兰特的兽医(veterinarian)经过尼斯 湖边时，见过湖面上出现巨兽，形似大象， 但脖子细长，又像恐龙。
球比赛地)
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2007-3-15
Westminster Abbey: nave
精选PPT课件
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Westminster Abbey
精选PPT课件
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Westminster Palace
精选PPT课件
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Wimbledon Tennis
精选PPT课件
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London University
• 请问拍卖最早起源于哪个地方？
A. Roman B. China
C. English D. U.K.
精选PPT课件
35
13. 英国国旗也称联合王国国旗。 • 请问用英语说，下面哪项不是指英国国旗？ A. the Union Jack B. Union flag C. Royal standard D. National flag
英美文化基础教程lecture1
• To improve your English listening, speaking, reading and writing abilities through classroom activities and after-class assignments
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ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
Map of Europe
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• Britain--- It is the short form for Great Britain. Officially it should be the Great Britain.
• The island of Great Britain is divided into three parts: England （ English)in the south, Scotland(Scottish) in the north and Wales(Welsh) in the Southwest.
2
Classroom Activities
• lecture • video/audio clips • discussion • presentation
Let’s work hard together and have fun!
3
Requirements and Grading
• Students are required to attend the class constantly and behave actively in class. Every time there will be certain amount of assignments for you to finish, including reading the textbook, class presentation, finishing the exercises, etc.. Students should always finish the assignments on time. All of these mentioned above are directly related to your scores.
趣味英美文化PPT课件
2021
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Golden Gate Bridge
(金门大桥）
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Yellow Stone National Park
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The Niagara Falls
• It lies on the Niagara River.
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• 1、美国的绰号是______， • 英国的绰号是______. • A. Aunt Sam， Uncle John • B. New Continent， Great Britain • C. Washington，Elizabeth • D. Uncle Sam， John Bull
4、What is yours ,but is used by others more than by yourself?
Your name
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5、What’s the Chinese for “six of one and half a dozen of the other?”
A. 六分之一 B. 人云亦云 CC..半半斤斤八八两两 D.见一面分一半
Royal Observatory Greenwich
格林威20治21 天文台
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Tower Br20i2d1 ge 塔桥
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Stonehen202g1 e 巨石阵
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London Eye
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The River Thames 泰晤士河
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Some cities in the United Kingdom Oxford
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新编英美文化 unit 1
7
Alternatives
However the issue of a replacement term remains unsettled as of 2003, though in the context of the Northern Ireland peace process the term "Islands of the North Atlantic" (IONA), a term initially created by former Conservative Party MP Sir John Biggs-Davison, has been used as a neutral term to describe these islands .
Unit 1 Background to Britain
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Focal Questions
What is the full name of the British state? What countries does it consist of? What is the total population of the United Kingdom? Where do most people live?
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3
4
Do you know the meaning of the following terms?
Celts Britain England Anglo-Saxons Indo-European language Germanic language Vikings Norman conquest
凯尔特人印欧民族的一支，最初分布在中欧，在 前罗马帝国时期遍及欧洲西部、不列颠群岛和加 拉提亚东南部。尤指不列颠人或高卢人
英美文化概况课件
宗教信仰与道德观念
宗教信仰
英国的宗教信仰主要是基督教，而美国则更 为多元化，包括基督教、犹太教、伊斯兰教 等。
道德观念
英国人重视传统道德观念和社会秩序，而美 国人则更注重个人自由和权利。
05
跨文化交际策略
BIG DATA EMPOWERS TO CREATE A NEW
ERA
提高跨文化意识
意识到文化差异的存在
的独特性。
避免文化优越感
02
不以自己文化的标准去评判其他文化，认识到每种文化都有其
独特的价值和意义。
促进平等交流
03
在交际过程中，平等对待不同文化背景的人，避免歧视或排斥
。
掌握跨文化交际技巧
提高语言沟通能力
学习并掌握英语或其他跨文化交际语言，以 便更好地交流和理解。
灵活应对文化冲突
遇到文化冲突时，能够灵活调整自己的交际 策略，化解矛盾和误解。
善于倾听和观察
在交际过程中，积极倾听对方的意见和观点 ，观察对方的文化习俗和行为方式。
利用文化知识解决实际问题
将所学的文化知识运用到实际交际中，提高 解决跨文化交际问题的能力。
BIG DATA EMPOWERS TO CREATE A NEW ERA
06
英美文化在全球化背景下的影响与传 播
英美文化在全球的传播与影响
ERA
美国历史与民族
美国历史
从殖民地时期、独立战争、西进运动到现代社会，美国历史的演变塑造了其独 特的民族性格和文化。
多元民族
美国是一个多元民族的国家，各个族群带来了各自的文化传统和习俗，形成了 丰富多彩的民族特色。
美国文学与电影
文学
美国文学深受欧洲文学的影响，同时又具有独特的创新性， 如马克·吐温、海明威等作家的作品。
英美文化背景知识PPT
（二）文化与语言的关系
1．在语言和文化的研究方面，有两种提法： （1）语言与文化（Language and Culture）――语言与文化两者并列 （2）文化中的语言（Language in Culture）――语言从属于文化 2．William Bright――将文化分为两大范畴：大文化（Big Culture）和小文 化（Small Culture），即语言与大文化的关系为从属关系，而与小文化 的关系是并列关系。 3．美国语言学家爱德华·萨比尔（1884-1939）――语言不能离开文化而存 在。
（三）挖掘英美文化的深层内容，在谈及英美文化现象 时，不仅要掌握种种事实，而且还要弄清楚其形成的 原因、过程与结果。 吹牛――talk horse 孺子牛――willing horse 牛饮――eat/drink like a horse 健壮如牛――as healthy as a horse 老黄牛――work like a horse 强按牛头不喝水――You can lead a horse to the river, but you can never expect to force it drink.
（五）在探讨英美文化共性的 基础上研究英美文化的差异性。
1．英美文化是人类先进文化的重要组成部分，在英 美两国分别于19世纪与20世纪中期成为世界第一 强国的过程中，英美文化传统所起的作用不容小 视。
2．英美文化的差异性也引发我们进行深思――即使是 英美这样具有母子血缘关系的国家，之所以走的是两 条完全不同的现代化发展道路，其文化传统方面的差 异所起的作用不容小视，因此，对于中国这样一个具 有2，000多年文化传统的古老国度而言，不应盲目照 搬照抄他国的模式，而是应该从本国的实际出发，以 中华民族的文化传统为基础，充分发挥中华民族的文 化传统优势，辅于全人类的先进文化遗产，探索走出 具有中国特色的现代化发展道路。
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3. 伦敦的“黑色”博物馆，百年来不断充实更新， 吸引了世界各地的警官、法医、犯罪学家、律师 等众多参观者。 • • • • 警官 法医 犯罪学家 律师 • lawyer • legal medial expert •பைடு நூலகம்police officer • criminologist
4. 英国国旗由深蓝底色和红、白“米”字组 成，它是由3面旗帜重叠在一起而成。一面 是英格兰守护神；第二面是苏格兰守护神； 第三面是爱尔兰守护神。
6. 在英国以及一些英联邦国家，法官(judge)、律 师(lawyer) 出庭时须戴环形卷发发套，或称假发， 迄今已有300年的历史。18世纪时，假发非常流行， 共有三、四十种款式和名称： • • • • 主教假发 律师假发 公野猪背式假发 狼爪式假发 • • • • wild boar‟s back bishop‟s wolf‟s paw barrister‟s
地室里南丁格尔纪念碑
圣保罗大教堂是世界第二大圆顶教堂，它仅次 于罗马的圣彼得教堂，一走进教堂，就会对 那宽广挑高的中殿赞叹不已，在圆顶下的诗 班席是教堂中最华丽庄严的地方，天花板上 绘画细腻精致。另外，如果您要想尝试圣保 罗耳语廊（Whispering Gallery）的神奇， 要另外付费从教堂一侧爬上数百层阶梯，对 着耳语廊的通孔说话，神奇回音效果会让你 的同伴在其它任一通孔都可以听到回声哦。 再从耳语廊往上爬就可以抵达塔顶，是眺望 伦敦市区的绝佳地点，不过这段楼梯较为险 陡，体力不佳或有惧高症者不要轻易尝试。 教堂地下室有名人英雄纪念碑，以及礼品店 和小餐厅。
模仿罗马的圣彼得大教堂，是属古典主义建筑，它 有波特兰石材砌最具特色的中央的圆形窥顶，其 直径达34公尺，圆屋顶上面有十字架顶，高达 113公尺在右，整个建筑显得很对称且雄伟。不 过教堂曾于1666年时毁于大火，一直到1710年时 才又修建完成。 其实圣保罗大教堂（St. Paul's Cathedral）最令人 印象深刻的就是1981年黛安娜与查尔斯的婚礼大 典，到现在仍然不减圣保罗大教堂对旅客的吸引 力，因其整体建筑设计优雅、完美，内部静谧、 安详。
11. 罗尔斯-罗伊斯（也译成劳斯莱斯）汽车 是世界上最好、最昂贵的汽车。它由罗尔 斯-罗伊斯公司生产。罗尔斯-罗伊斯汽车分 为三种：银灵、银羽和银影。罗尔斯-罗伊 斯公司生产的汽车并不是有钱就能买到的。 一般它不售给普通百姓，而只售给国王 (King)、国家元首(head of state)或总统 (president)等。 • 请问罗尔斯-罗伊斯汽车是产自哪个国家呢？ A. France B. U.K. C. Iraq D. USA
第三层俯瞰Tate现代艺术馆
4.
• 西伦敦还有政府各部机关，有著名的维斯 敏斯特教堂和议会大厦以及伦敦大学、海 德公园等知名的地方。 请问一下哪项是多余的？ A. Westminster Abbey B. Westminster Palace C. Wimbledon D. London University
7. 下面是英国几位著名的文学家，请依照他 们的中英文名字对应连线：
• 莎士比亚 • 萨克雷 • 雪莱 • Thackeray • Shelly • William Shakespear
8. 请把与扑克牌有关的英语词语与汉语连接 起来。
• • • • • 拿出绝招 打出王牌 没有表情的脸 摊牌 改变方针 • play one‟s trump card • poker face • play one‟s best card • shuffle the cards • show one‟s card
7. 英吉利海峡位于英国和法国之间，英国人 称之为英吉利海峡，它西连大西洋，东北 通北海，全长563公里，最宽处241公里， 最狭处33公里，平均水深53米，是世界上 最繁忙的海上要道之一。 • 请问下面哪一项不是指英吉利海峡？ A. English Channel B. Chunnel C. La Manche D. Silver Streak
9. 《吉尼斯世界记录大全》分为12个部分，如：
• • • • • • • • • • • • 人类 动植物王国 自然界 宇宙与空间 科学世界 艺术与娱乐 世界建筑 机械世界 商业世界 人类世界 人类成就 体育、游戏与 游艺
圣赫勒拿岛
10. 英国女王安妮(Anne)于1714年去世时， 唯一的王位合法继承人是汉诺威选侯 (Eletor)乔治。他不会讲英语，或者说他的 英语很糟糕。每当他上朝理政或和大臣们 讲话时，他只能讲法语。 • 请问这位不会讲英语的英国国王是哪国人？ A. English B. France C. Germany D. Egypt
趣味英美文化
2.
伦敦城是伦敦的发祥地。公元1世纪，一批外 族军人征服不列颠后，在泰晤士河北建立 要塞，围以城墙，这就是“伦敦城”。当 时，称伦敦为“伦甸涅姆”(Londinium)， 英语London一词就此衍变而来。 问这支外族军队是哪国人？ A. Roman B. Greece C. Egypt D. India
其实圣保罗大教堂最早在604年建立，后经多 次毁坏、重建，由列恩（Sir Christopher Wren）在17世纪末完成这伦敦最伟大的教 堂设计，圣保罗教堂另一个建筑特色，是 少数设计、建筑分别仅由一人完成，而非 历经多位设计、建筑师的教堂之一，目前 教堂内还有一个列恩的墓碑，上书“If you seek his monument, just look around”。
劳斯莱斯
12. 英国的拍卖业有较长的历史，在18-19世 纪，英国人常举蜡烛(candle)进行拍卖。拍 卖人点一根短烛，在短烛烧完之前，竞买 者可以竞相加价，蜡烛一灭，交易即成。 现在英国的拍卖业仍非常发达，尤其是以 索斯比 （Sotheby）和克里斯蒂 （Christie）两个拍卖行最为出名。 • 请问拍卖最早起源于哪个地方？ A. Roman B. China C. English D. U.K.
6. 世界都知道中国有万里长城，但知道英国 有长城的恐怕为数不多。在英格兰 (England)和苏格兰(Scotland)之间，沿着 边界线有一条逶迤的土墙，成为英国的长 城。至今仍有城墙遗迹，是一旅游圣地。 • 请从中选成与英国长城不一致的一项。 A. British Walls B. Roman Wall C. Hadrian‟s Wall D. Tyne‟s Wall
尼斯湖
9. 1815年6月，拿破仑· 波拿巴在滑铁卢与英 国、荷兰、德国等国联军交战，惨遭失败， 全军覆没。这次战役夺走了近5万士兵的生 命，其中法军死亡2.5万人，还有9000法军 被俘。在这次战役中，每5个士兵就有一个 死亡。7月15日，拿破仑向英国投降，后被 流放到南大西洋的圣赫勒拿岛。 • 请问滑铁卢之战发生在哪个国家？ A. Belgium B. Switzerland C. Turkey D. France
chunnel通道(channel+ tunnel) n. 英吉利海峡隧道(铁路),水底铁路隧 道
English Channel
English Channel
8. Loch Nesss 是苏格兰人所说的盖尔语 (Gaelic)，Loch是“湖”的意思。尼斯湖是 英国最大的淡水湖(fresh water lake)，位于 苏格兰北部的苏格兰大峡谷。此处湖光山色 秀丽，风景十分优美。但尼斯湖最出名的还 是它那神秘的湖中神兽。据说，1933年8月， 一位叫格兰特的兽医(veterinarian)经过尼斯 湖边时，见过湖面上出现巨兽，形似大象， 但脖子细长，又像恐龙。 • 请问恐龙一词怎么拼写？ A. rhomb B. turtle C. dinosaur D. otter
英国首都伦敦（London）
• 英国首都伦敦（London）位于英格兰东南 部的平原上，跨泰晤士河，距离泰晤士河 入海口88公里。
伦敦塔(Tower of London)始建于千年 前。近五百年却是用作监狱直到上世纪。
附近的塔桥(tower bridge)
圣保罗大教堂和千僖桥
圣保罗大教堂和千僖桥
13. 英国国旗也称联合王国国旗。 • 请问用英语说，下面哪项不是指英国国旗？ A. the Union Jack B. Union flag C. Royal standard D. National flag
联合王国国旗
14. 世界上第一枚邮票是1840年问世的“黑 便士”（Penny Black）邮票，它也是第 一张通用的贴用票（adhesive stamp）。 它的图案是维多利亚女王（Queen Victoria）侧面头像，因为面值是1便士、 黑底（dark background），因而得名。 • 请问这张邮票在哪国问世？ A. U.K. B. USA C. Thailand D. Austria
5. 在伦敦马里勒伯恩大街有座世界驰名的蜡 像馆，它是由杜骚夫人于200多年前创办的。 玛丽· 杜骚夫人，原名安娜· 玛丽· 格劳舒尔茨。 6岁时迁居巴黎，由叔父抚养。她师从叔父 学做蜡像，技艺很快超过叔父。1802年， 她迁居英国伦敦，在她74岁时创办了杜骚 夫人蜡像馆。 请问杜骚夫人在哪个国家？ A. France B. English C. Sweden D. Switzerland
• 圣乔治 • 圣安德鲁 • 圣帕特里克 • St. Andrew • St. Patrick • St. George
5. 英国的宪法与众不同，颇具特色。它是由 不同的时期制定的成文法、习惯法、惯例等 组成，所以被称为“柔性宪法”，或“不成 文法”。最重要的的有下列几种：
• • • • • • • 《大宪章》 《权利请愿书》 《人身保护法》 《权利法案》 《王位继承法》 《国会法》 《威斯敏斯特条例》 • • • • • Petition of Rights Magna Carta Bill of Rights Habeas Corpus Act Statute of Westminster • Act of Settlement • Parliament Act