广东省中山市第一中学2019届高三入门考试英语试题(附答案)$859470
2019-2020学年中山市第一中学高三英语第二次联考试卷及参考答案
2019-2020学年中山市第一中学高三英语第二次联考试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ASwimming Holes in AmericaIn America, these secret swimming holes are hidden and hard to reach but well worth the adventure.Cummins FallsLooking for the best place to escape the summer heat in the heartland of America? For more than 100 years, Cummins Falls, a scenic,75-foot waterfall located in Jackson County, TN, has been a treasure for Tennessee natives. But now, the secret is out! Although it’s a bit tough to get to, once in the park, the mountains and river provide unmatched beauty on your way to taking a swim in Tennessee's eighth-largest waterfall.Sliding RockA popular place to cool off during those hot North Carolina summers, Sliding Rock waterfall is located in the Pisgah National Forest in Transylvania County. A flattened rock about 60 feet lies in a nearly 7-foot-deep pool at the bottom, making this natural waterslide a great place to visit with people of all ages.Mooney FallsIt is the tallest water feature in the Grand Canyon, rising 190 feet above the surface. Named after an explorer in the 1800s, Mooney Falls is accessible only by crawling（爬）through 2 underground passages and then climbing down a sheer cliff（峭壁）face with just a couple of chains to hold on to. Although it is tough to get to, the view and the cool alone make it worth the trip.Lihue EstateA private swimming hole at the old Lihue Sugar Farm on Kauai, HI, was changed into an inner-tube water ride by Kauai Backcountry Adventures in 2003 and opened to adults. The waters for this 2.5-mile journey, which come from near the top of Mount Waialeale—one of the wettest spots in the world—are channeled through ditches（沟渠）that were hand-dug by farm workers over a century ago.1. Which hole may be the favourable destination for families?A. Lihue Estate.B. Sliding Rock.C. Mooney Falls.D. Cummins Falls.2. What can we learn about Mooney Falls from the text?A. It wasfound by an explorer.B. It was hand-dug in the 1800s.C. It is dangerous to arrive there.D. It is the tallest fall in the world.3. What is special about Lihue Estate?A. It is man-made.B. It is a private area.C. Its water is from underground.D. It lies on the top of Mount WaialealeB“My P.E. teacher taught me maths.”It has been a common joke for years but when a P.E. teacher applied for the head-teacher job, many parents worried that “the joke could come true”. Some parents asked, “Does the P.E. teacher know maths and English?If not, how is he supposed to tutor the students?” But there were still parents who believed P.E. teachers had more time to discipline the students since they didn’t have many classes.This concern is actually a “subject bias”, that is, choosing a P.E. teacher as the head-teacher is not good for the students’ grades since he doesn’t know Chinese, maths, or English. It is acceptable for Chinese teachers, maths teachers and English teachers to be head-teachers because these subjects are important to entrance exams and scores. Such a concern reflects parents’ anxiety in the current educational environment, which tends to link the head-teacher’s responsible subject with the facts whether the school cares about the class and the children’s performances in the subject.Many people care about their kids’ academic performances only. They don’t care about their kids’ P.E. performance at all. Even if kids have P.E. classes, parents care little. P.E. teachers are in humble position and their classes are often occupied by other teachers. Of course, if students, P.E. performance is related to grades and entrance exams, parents won’t mind “a P.E. teacher being the head-teacher”.At the moment, P.E. is gradually included in entrance exams.In terms of high school entrance examination,Guangzhouwill launch a new high school entrance exam which includes P.E. performance and Health examination in 2021, raising the score to 70 points.In terms of the college entrance examination, universities having the right of independent enrollments added P.E. tests to their entrance exams in 2019. This practice is seen as an important signal that the assessment of physical fitness and athletic ability, which are important aspects of a student’s overall quality, may be included in the college entrance examination in the future.We hope that it’s a trend for P.E. teachers, music teachers and art teachers to become head-teachers.4. By saying “My P.E. teacher taught me maths”, what does the author intend to show us?A. It is just a joke that seldom happened in reality.B. P.E. teachers hardly assist students in maths.C. P.E. teachers are good at teaching maths..D. Parents doubt the ability of P.E. teacher.5. We can infer from paragraph 2 that a P.E. teacher .A. is of little benefit for students’ academic performanceB. is humbler than Chinese, math or English teachersC. reflects whether the school cares about the classD. gets unfairly judged due to the current educational system6. Why doesGuangzhouraise proportion of P.E. performance in high school entrance examination?A. To raise students’ awareness of physical health.B. To call on parents to pay attention to P.E. teachers.C. To test the overall ability of high school students.D. To make P.E. teachers equal with other teachers.7. What opinion does the author hold towards P.E. teachers working as head-teachers?A. Neutral.B. Unexpected.C. Supportive.D. Critical.C"Sorry, but I don't agree with you..."This is usually followed by unbearable silence and angry tears. I've always found it difficult to disagree with someone, because I don't want to lose a friend. I've found it even harder to accept it when someone disagrees with me, because my ego（自尊心）ishurt.Before the other person gets a chance to explain why she disagrees with me, my usual response would be," If you aren't able to see my point of view, then what you think isn't worth my time or consideration, either." But now I've come to realize that when a friend disagrees with me, sometimes she is simply saying, "I don't agree with the way things are done." She still respects me as a person, and is only pointing out a better way to look at a matter. However, there may be times when my friend disagrees with me because I'm against the truth. That's when need to listen to what she says.I've learned that one way to help my friend is for me to be open and honest with the other to voice my thoughts and listen to the other carefully. While we can't control how a person will respond to our views, we must learn to disagree with our friends in love. We will never feel that we are better than the other person.And that will help us to be less emotional, and more objective in the way we express our opinions.In the same way, we can also stay open to feedback（反馈）from others,knowing that our friends may be correcting us in love.Good friendships build each other up, sometimes through disagreements and honest opinions. Though I don't like being disagreed with, I'm starting to see the value of such disagreements.8. The author has found it difficult to disagree with someone because .A. he is a friendly personB. he usually hides his ideasC. he has no mind of his ownD. he wants to keep the friendship9. When a friend disagreed with him,the author used to .A. be unhappyB. argue with the friendC. break up with the friendD. explain things calmly10. The author will listen to a friend when .A. he is against the truthB. he doesn't tell the truthC. he is respected by a friendD. he does things in the wrong way11. What does the author mainly talk about in the text?A. How to keep friendship.B. How to avoid hurting a friend.C. How to express disagreements.D. How to deal with disagreements.DIn Japan many workers for large corporations have a guarantee of lifetime employment. They will not be laid off during recessions or when the tasks they perform are taken over by robots. To some observers, this is capitalism at its best, because workers are treated as people not things. Others see it as necessarily inefficient and believe it cannot continue if Japan is to remain competitive with foreign corporations more concerned about profits and less concerned about people.Defenders of the system argue that those who call it inefficient do not understand how it really works. In the first place not every Japanese worker has the guarantee of a lifetime job. The lifetime employment system includes only “regular employees.” Many employees do not fall into this category, including all women. All businesses have many part time and temporary employees. These workers are hired and laid off during the course of the business cycle just as employees in the United States are. These “irregular workers” make up about 10 percent of the nonagricultural work force. Additionally, Japanese firms maintain some flexibility through the extensive use of subcontractors. This practice is much more common in Japan than in the United States.The use of both subcontractors and temporary workers has increased markedly in Japan since the 1974-1975 recession. All this leads some people to argue that the Japanese system really is not all that different from the American system. During recessions Japanese corporations lay off temporary workers and give less business tosubcontractors. In the United States, corporations lay off those workers with the least working experience. The difference then is probably less than the term “lifetime employment” suggests, but there still is a difference. And this difference cannot be understood without looking at the values of Japanese society. The relationship between employer and employee cannot be explained in purely contractual terms. Firms hold on to the employees and that employees stay with one firm. There are also practical reasons for not jumping from job to job. Most retirement benefits come from the employer. Changing jobs means losing these benefits. Also, teamwork is an essential part of Japanese production. Moving to a new firm means adapting to a different team and at least temporarily, lower productivity and lower pay.12. According to the passage, a woman in Japan _________.A. cannot get a lifetime jobB. is impossible to get a part time jobC. will be employed for lifeD. is among the regular workers13. Which of the following is NOT the reason why Japanese workers stay with one firm?A. They don’t want to lose their retirement benefits.B. They are not adaptable people.C. Any change of jobs will make them less paid.D. They get used to the teamwork.14. It can be inferred from the passage that _________.A. those who want to change jobs frequently in Japan should think twiceB. those who are first laid off by American corporations are temporary workersC. the use of subcontractors makes Japanese firms less flexibleD. the Japanese system is totally different from the American system15. What does the passage mainly discuss?A. The extremely hard situation during recessions.B. The extensive use of subcontractors in Japan.C. The characteristics of corporations in the United States.D. The features of lifetime employment in Japan.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
【中小学资料】广东省中山一中、仲元中学等七校2019届高三英语第一次(8月)联考试题
2019届高三第一次联考英语试卷考试用时：120分钟满分：120分第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
AIt’s almost camp season!Summer is wonderful. Summer at one of the following awesome camps? Even more wonderful.Tahosa High Adventure BaseLocation: Ward, ColoradoPeople puzzle: Tahosa’s ropes courses are some of the nation’s best. Use your hands, feet and brains to take up high-flying challenges and overcome your fears. Fly fishing at 9,000 feet? Yes. Fishing licenses or experience needed? No, sir! Choose your adventure: Go all-inclusive, where the staff prepares meals and runs the program, or take control and plan your perfect week. The choice is yours. Camp RaymondLocation: Parks, ArizonaDon’t look down: When looki ng up at the stars, light pollution is your enemy. But Camp Raymond’s location and elevation (海拔) of 6,700 feet offer perfect conditions for seeing otherwise invisible stars.That’s cool: Don’t forget your camera and a jacket. During the day, you could spo t bears and deer. At night, temperatures can fall sharply. Hot cocoa at summer camp? Cool.Pamlico Sea BaseLocation: Blounts Creek, North Carolina.Go coastal: Explore the Carolina coast by boat. You choose the route, and Pamlico provides the equipment. Keep an eye out for wild horses, lighthouses and boatloadsof fish.Set sail: Even if you don’t know the difference between starboard and star-lord, Pamlico’s sailing journey will make you a first-rate sailor in no time. You’ll even practice finding your way using the stars.Base CampLocation: St. Paul, MinnesotaBig upgrade: What happens when you change a 1907 cavalry drill hall (骑兵训练场) into an adventure destination in the heart of the city? You get Base Camp for overnight lock-ins, weekend retreats (隐居处) and summer camp.Inside out: Most of Base Camp is indoors, meaning the activities like climbing walls can be undertaken on winter’s coldest days.1. What do we know about Tahosa High Adventure Base?A. It requires fishing licensesB. It offers lessons on flying a planeC. It’s a camp that is intended for brave kidsD. It is a camp where you can set your own pace2. What can be learned in Pamlico Sea Base?A. How to tell starboard from star-lord B How to choose camping equipmentC. How to use the stars for directionsD. How to make a boat on your own3 In which camp can kids climb walls inside on winter days?A. Base CampB. Camp RaymondC. Pamlico Sea BaseD. Tahosa High Adventure Base.B“You’ll be blind by the time you’re twent y-five,” a doctor at Children’s Hospital predicted. “Your blood sugars are much too high.” It consumed me. No matter where I was or what I was doing, it was overhead like a dark cloud, waiting for just the right opportunity to break open and destroy my world.I liked painting. Losing myself in painting filled me with peace. Painting provided me with the only place where I could escape from those threatening words.When I was twenty-one, my right eye went blind. Precisely three months after mytwenty-fifth birthday, I had a massive hemorrhage (大出血) in my left eye because of an accident. For the next twenty years, vision came and went. I went through many eye operations in an attempt to keep my vision. But after one final operation, I lost the battle and all remaining vision. And I buried all dreams of painting.Desperate, I enrolled in (注册) a sixteen-week program for the blind and visually impaired (损伤的). I learned personal adjustment and the use of a computer with adaptive software. A whole new world opened up to me through this program.“Jaws and Window-Eyes are leading software for the blind,” my instructor told me. “You can use the Internet, e-mail and Microsoft with all its tools and features.” I t’s amazing! Hope went up for the first time in years. “By le arning how to use hot keys to control the mouse, you can use Microsoft Access, Excel and Powerpoint,” my instructor added.For the next several years, I learned that when one door closes, another door opens. There are plenty of choices available for the blind and visually impaired through the gift of technology. Not only do I have a speaking computer, but I havea speaking watch, alarm clock and calculator.4.What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 1 refer to?A. The right opportunity.B. Losing my sight in the future.C. Consuming too much sugarD. The children’s hospital.5. What happened when the author was 25 years old?A. He gave up painting.B. He went blind completelyC. He injured one of his eyes.D. He picked up a new hobby6. What brought a turning point to the author?A. A special course.B. A meaningful eventC. An inspiring speech.D. An important interview.7. What does the author intend to tell us?A. No pain, no gain.B. Every man has his price.C. Nothing is impossible to a willing heart.D. Be optimistic in the face of life’s difficulties.CThese days, I walk down the steps leading toward the south end of the All England Club in Wimbledon, and still look for the Crow’s Nest, a small green observation tower with an outer ladder that I used to climb on for a wide view of the grounds, but which has since been knocked down.The Crow’s Nest was a particularly useful point, because it allowed a tennis writer to keep trackof the action on as many as 10 outside courts at a time. At days end, reporters from different nations would share notes on what they had observed all over the grounds. Twenty-seven years later, the press room has touch screens that allow us to watch live videos from any court, and even go back to watch key moments in key matches long after they have finished. You could cover Wimbledon without leaving your seat. But that is a bit like spending all your time ordering room service and looking up fun facts on Wikipedia.More than at any other tennis tournament, there is also an appetite for stories that deal with the setting, the history and the traditions.If they change the price of the fish tacos (鱼肉卷饼) at the United States Open, it’s not a story. If they change the price of the strawberries and cream, the signature treat at Wimbledon. It’s time to email your editor using capital letters. The new retractable (可伸缩的) roof was put in place in 2009. Until then, you always had to have a rainy-day story in your notebook because there were no guarantees any matches would be played. Now tennis is a sure thing on Centre Court, which has made tennis reporters a bit less creative. But at least it guarantees us daily access to the most atmospheric place in the sport.So much has changed, but Centre Court remains true to its original spirit: morea theater than a stadium. Catching that feeling is part of covering Wimbledon, too.8. What did the author do on the Crow’s Nest in the past?A. He made friends with reporters.B. He reported on tennis matches.C. He appreciated the beautiful scenery.D. He exchanged experiences with tennis players.9. What does the author think of the new way of covering Wimbledon?A. It lacks fun.B. It is expensiveC. It is not convenient.D. It is not quick enough10. Why does the author mention strawberries and cream?A. To compare popular foods.B. To introduce the typical treat at Wimbledon.C. To describe people’s craze for traditional dishes.D. To show the traditions of Wimbledon are an attraction.11. What difference does the new roof make?A. Audiences have easier access to a tennis court.B. There’s less fun in watching Wimbledon indoors.C. Reporters are struggling to find original material.D. rainy-day stories about Wimbledon have become history.DOn January 13, 2016, France became the first country in the world to pass a law requiring supermarkets to donate food that is approaching its expiration date (保质期) instead of throwing it away. The regulation that applies to supermarkets over 4,000 square feet requires stores to sign official donation agreements with local food banks.The law also makes it illegal for stores to pour water over nearly-expired food, or store it inside locked warehouses until it is picked up by the garbage trucks. These measures are often undertaken by supermarkets to prevent the hungry from searching for food through the dustbins.Though that may appear cruel, the stores claim they do it to avoid potential food poisoning that could occur if the product is on its way past its expiry. Those who do not obey the new law face the risk of heavy fines.Also, excess goods like yogurt or milk that are likely to go bad quickly are now allowed to be donated directly to the food banks. Though this has always been possible, the current process is long and complex, making it difficult for producers to give away the food in a timely manner.France’s food banks are of course thrilled about the possibility of receivingextra food. Jacques Bailet, who heads a network of French food banks called the Banques Alimentaires, says that of the 110,000 tons of goods received annually, only 36,000 tons comes from supermarkets. Bailet estimates (估计) that just a 15% increase in supermarket donations would translate to over 10 million additional meals to feed the hungry each year.Though this is a great first step, Arash Dermabarsh, the activist responsible for the grassroots movement that led to the ban, is not done. He now wants to extend the law to other places like restaurants and also try to convince other countries in the European Union to pass similar regulations. These steps are necessary because of the over 9 million tons of food wasted in France; an astonishing 67% is thrown away by consumers, with supermarkets and restaurants making up the rest.12. What should stores do with nearly-expired food?A. Throw it away.B. Send it to the hungry.C. Store it in refrigerators.D. Give it away to food banks.13. What does the underlined word “excess” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?A. Extra.B. Cheap.C. Seasonal.D. Returned.14. What might Bailet agree with about the French food banks?A. They have a lot of expired food.B. They will get much benefit from the law.C. Their food is enough for the people in need.D. Their food mainly comes from supermarkets.15. What does Dermabarsh plan to do?A. Build more food banks in France.B. Make the law take effect in more places.C. Organize a campaign to promote this law.D. Raise consumers awareness of waste reduction.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
广东省中山一中、仲元中学等七校2019届高三英语第一次(8月)联考试题
2019届高三第一次联考英语试卷考试用时：120分钟满分：120分第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
AIt’s almost camp season!Summer is wonderful. Summer at one of the following awesome camps? Even more wonderful.Tahosa High Adventure BaseLocation: Ward, ColoradoPeople puzzle: Tahosa’s ropes courses are some of the nation’s best. Use your hands, feet and brains to take up high-flying challenges and overcome your fears. Fly fishing at 9,000 feet? Yes. Fishing licenses or experience needed? No, sir! Choose your adventure: Go all-inclusive, where the staff prepares meals and runs the program, or take control and plan your perfect week. The choice is yours. Camp RaymondLocation: Parks, ArizonaDon’t look down: When looking up at the stars, light pollution is your enemy. But Camp Raymond’s location and elevation (海拔) of 6,700 feet offer perfect conditions for seeing otherwise invisible stars.That’s cool: Don’t forget your camera and a jacket. During the day, you could spot bears and deer. At night, temperatures can fall sharply. Hot cocoa at summer camp? Cool.Pamlico Sea BaseLocation: Blounts Creek, North Carolina.Go coastal: Explore the Carolina coast by boat. You choose the route, and Pamlico provides the equipment. Keep an eye out for wild horses, lighthouses and boatloadsof fish.Set sail: Even if you don’t know the difference between starboard and star-lord, Pamlico’s sailing journey will make you a first-rate sailor in no time. You’ll even practice finding your way using the stars.Base CampLocation: St. Paul, MinnesotaBig upgrade: What happens when you change a 1907 cavalry drill hall (骑兵训练场) into an adventure destination in the heart of the city? You get Base Camp for overnight lock-ins, weekend retreats (隐居处) and summer camp.Inside out: Most of Base Camp is indoors, meaning the activities like climbing walls can be undertaken on winter’s coldest days.1. What do we know about Tahosa High Adventure Base?A. It requires fishing licensesB. It offers lessons on flying a planeC. It’s a camp that is intended for brave kidsD. It is a camp where you can set your own pace2. What can be learned in Pamlico Sea Base?A. How to tell starboard from star-lord B How to choose camping equipmentC. How to use the stars for directionsD. How to make a boat on your own3 In which camp can kids climb walls inside on winter days?A. Base CampB. Camp RaymondC. Pamlico Sea BaseD. Tahosa High Adventure Base.B“You’ll be blind by the time you’re twenty-five,” a doctor at Children’s Hospital predicted. “Your blood sugars are much too high.” It consumed me. No matter where I was or what I was doing, it was overhead like a dark cloud, waiting for just the right opportunity to break open and destroy my world.I liked painting. Losing myself in painting filled me with peace. Painting provided me with the only place where I could escape from those threatening words.When I was twenty-one, my right eye went blind. Precisely three months after mytwenty-fifth birthday, I had a massive hemorrhage (大出血) in my left eye because of an accident. For the next twenty years, vision came and went. I went through many eye operations in an attempt to keep my vision. But after one final operation, I lost the battle and all remaining vision. And I buried all dreams of painting.Desperate, I enrolled in (注册) a sixteen-week program for the blind and visually impaired (损伤的). I learned personal adjustment and the use of a computer with adaptive software. A whole new world opened up to me through this program.“Jaws and Window-Eyes are leading software for the blind,” my instructor told me. “You can use the Internet, e-mail and Microsoft with all its tools and features.” It’s amazing! Hope went up for the first time in years. “By learning how to use hot keys to control the mouse, you can use Microsoft Access, Excel and Powerpoint,” my instructor added.For the next several years, I learned that when one door closes, another door opens. There are plenty of choices available for the blind and visually impaired through the gift of technology. Not only do I have a speaking computer, but I havea speaking watch, alarm clock and calculator.4. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 1 refer to?A. The right opportunity.B. Losing my sight in the future.C. Consuming too much sugarD. The children’s hospital.5. What happened when the author was 25 years old?A. He gave up painting.B. He went blind completelyC. He injured one of his eyes.D. He picked up a new hobby6. What brought a turning point to the author?A. A special course.B. A meaningful eventC. An inspiring speech.D. An important interview.7. What does the author intend to tell us?A. No pain, no gain.B. Every man has his price.C. Nothing is impossible to a willing heart.D. Be optimistic in the face of life’s difficulties.CThese days, I walk down the steps leading toward the south end of the All England Club in Wimbledon, and still look for the Crow’s Nest, a small green observation tower with an outer ladder that I used to climb on for a wide view of the grounds, but which has since been knocked down.The Crow’s Nest was a particularly useful point, because it allowed a tennis writer to keep trackof the action on as many as 10 outside courts at a time. At days end, reporters from different nations would share notes on what they had observed all over the grounds. Twenty-seven years later, the press room has touch screens that allow us to watch live videos from any court, and even go back to watch key moments in key matches long after they have finished. You could cover Wimbledon without leaving your seat. But that is a bit like spending all your time ordering room service and looking up fun facts on Wikipedia.More than at any other tennis tournament, there is also an appetite for stories that deal with the setting, the history and the traditions.If they change the price of the fish tacos (鱼肉卷饼) at the United States Open, it’s not a story. If they change the price of the strawberries and cream, the signature treat at Wimbledon. It’s time to email your editor using capital letters. The new retractable (可伸缩的) roof was put in place in 2009. Until then, you always had to have a rainy-day story in your notebook because there were no guarantees any matches would be played. Now tennis is a sure thing on Centre Court, which has made tennis reporters a bit less creative. But at least it guarantees us daily access to the most atmospheric place in the sport.So much has changed, but Centre Court remains true to its original spirit: morea theater than a stadium. Catching that feeling is part of covering Wimbledon, too.8. What did the author do on the Crow’s Nest in the past?A. He made friends with reporters.B. He reported on tennis matches.C. He appreciated the beautiful scenery.D. He exchanged experiences with tennis players.9. What does the author think of the new way of covering Wimbledon?A. It lacks fun.B. It is expensiveC. It is not convenient.D. It is not quick enough10. Why does the author mention strawberries and cream?A. To compare popular foods.B. To introduce the typical treat at Wimbledon.C. To describe people’s craze for traditional dishes.D. To show the traditions of Wimbledon are an attraction.11. What difference does the new roof make?A. Audiences have easier access to a tennis court.B. There’s less fun in watching Wimbledon indoors.C. Reporters are struggling to find original material.D. rainy-day stories about Wimbledon have become history.DOn January 13, 2016, France became the first country in the world to pass a law requiring supermarkets to donate food that is approaching its expiration date (保质期) instead of throwing it away. The regulation that applies to supermarkets over 4,000 square feet requires stores to sign official donation agreements with local food banks.The law also makes it illegal for stores to pour water over nearly-expired food, or store it inside locked warehouses until it is picked up by the garbage trucks. These measures are often undertaken by supermarkets to prevent the hungry from searching for food through the dustbins.Though that may appear cruel, the stores claim they do it to avoid potential food poisoning that could occur if the product is on its way past its expiry. Those who do not obey the new law face the risk of heavy fines.Also, excess goods like yogurt or milk that are likely to go bad quickly are now allowed to be donated directly to the food banks. Though this has always been possible, the current process is long and complex, making it difficult for producers to give away the food in a timely manner.France’s food banks are of course thrilled about the possibility of receivingextra food. Jacques Bailet, who heads a network of French food banks called the Banques Alimentaires, says that of the 110,000 tons of goods received annually, only 36,000 tons comes from supermarkets. Bailet estimates (估计) that just a 15% increase in supermarket donations would translate to over 10 million additional meals to feed the hungry each year.Though this is a great first step, Arash Dermabarsh, the activist responsible for the grassroots movement that led to the ban, is not done. He now wants to extend the law to other places like restaurants and also try to convince other countries in the European Union to pass similar regulations. These steps are necessary because of the over 9 million tons of food wasted in France; an astonishing 67% is thrown away by consumers, with supermarkets and restaurants making up the rest.12. What should stores do with nearly-expired food?A. Throw it away.B. Send it to the hungry.C. Store it in refrigerators.D. Give it away to food banks.13. What does the underlined word “excess” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?A. Extra.B. Cheap.C. Seasonal.D. Returned.14. What might Bailet agree with about the French food banks?A. They have a lot of expired food.B. They will get much benefit from the law.C. Their food is enough for the people in need.D. Their food mainly comes from supermarkets.15. What does Dermabarsh plan to do?A. Build more food banks in France.B. Make the law take effect in more places.C. Organize a campaign to promote this law.D. Raise consumers awareness of waste reduction.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
2019-2020学年中山市第一中学高三英语第二次联考试题及参考答案
2019-2020学年中山市第一中学高三英语第二次联考试题及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项APersonal Time Off(PTO)is something my wife and I created after having kids. We learned that，over time，a full life can leave little time for personal rest and for reflection，hanging out with friends，or just being“off. ”So，after a number of years，we make a change. If I can persuade you to take your own PTO，then these might help.■Schedule itFirst of all，one of our favorite family sayings is“schedule it. ”Sounds easy enough，but life gets complicated managing full-time work and full-time family. Put yourPTO time on the calendar and you make it a real thing.■Be flexible and strictIf you can schedule PTO at the same time each week，then all the better. Because our calendar can get rather full，flexibility in scheduling becomes a necessity. But being strict in actually taking the time each week is more important. Skipping it once makes it easier to skip again.■Take enough timeMy typical PTO lasts a couple of hours or longer. Sometimes it might be half the day depending on what I’m doing. The goal is to spend enough time away to1et your shoulders drop.■Do what you want to doRemember，PTO time is about personal time to do what you want to do，not what you have to do. PTO time is about relaxation. Grab a friend and get a beer. Work can wait until tomorrow.1.What can be the first step to take the PTO?A.Persuade the family.B.Have a personal rest.C.Ask friends for advice.D.Make a time plan.2.What does the underlined part“let your shoulders drop”probably mean?A.Get you more focused.B.Have you feel relaxed.C.Shake your shoulders often.D.Make you feel more stressed.3.What does the text mainly talk about?A.Tips on how to take your time offB.Skills to manage work and familyC.Advice on how to free yourselfD.Ways of scheduling your workBWilliam had worked hard to pass the exams to enter high school. When the term began, however, his father told him that there was no money to pay for his school fees because of the summer drought. Still, William wanted to learn.He made the village library his school. One day, he found a book calledUsing Energy. On the book’s cover was a picture of windmills, tall steel towers with blades (叶片) spinning like giant fans. He learned that wind—something of which his hometown had plenty—could produce electricity.He couldn’t help picturing his own windmill in mind, but collecting the parts and tools he needed would take months. In a junkyard, he dug through piles of used metal, old cars, and worn-out tractors, searching for anything that might help him construct his machine. He made four-foot-long blades from plastic pipe, which he melted over a fire, flattened out, and hardened with bamboo poles.Earning some money, he paid a blacksmith to attach the piston (活塞) to the pedal sprocket (踏板链轮) of an old bicycle frame. This would be the axle (轮轴) of the windmill. When the wind blew, the spinning blades would turn the bicycle wheel and spin a small dynamo (发电机), donated by his friend.When he had collected all the parts, William began putting them together. He fixed the blades to the tractor fan he found, using washers (垫圈) he’d made from bottle caps. Next he pushed the fan onto the piston joint to the bicycle frame. With the help of his two best friends, Williambuilt a 16-foot-tall tower from trunks of trees and lifted the ninety-pound windmill to the top.The big moments eventually came. He climbed up the tower and connected two wires that held a small bulb. As the wind whipped around him, the blades began to turn, slowly at first, then faster and faster. The light bulb flickered (闪烁), then flashed to life. The crowd cheered from below. “Wachitabwina (well done)!”William’s machine now powered his house. And the story of the boy who’d built a power-generating windmill to rescue his family from the drought spread across the Internet.4. After readingUsing Energy, what did William decide to do?A. Make use of wind.B. Enter a high school.C. Build a village library.D. Learn to survive a drought.5. According to Para.3, which of the following word can best describe William?A. Humorous.B. Determined.C. Cooperative.D. Friendly.6. What can you learn about William’s machine?A. It was built by villagers.B. It worked at the first attempt.C. It took him years to complete it.D. It was made from metal materials.7. What is the besttitle for the passage?A. Winds Of HopeB. Ideas Worth SpreadingC. Learning from ExperienceD. Windmills for VillagesCElizabeth Bishop is considered one of the best American poets of the 20th century. She was born in Worcester, Massachusetts in 1911. Her dad died when she was just a baby and her mom never recovered from the loss. She went to live with her grandparents in Nova Scotia, Canada when she was five. Eventually Bishop attended Vassar College, where she began to write poetry.At Vassar she discovered Marianne Moore's poetry and met Ms Moore and began their life-long friendship. She later met poet Robert Lowell. She wrote tons and tons of letters to both of them, which is good for us because we would otherwise know very little of her personal life.Bishop published her first book of poetry in 1946 and wrote until her death in 1979. She would spend years working on a single poem. Her poems are not the result of hasty scribbling (匆忙乱写) on paper while eating breakfast. She would look through drafts of poems again and again and improve them until they were as close to perfect as she could get them.Reading Elizabeth Bishop is like being transported to the very place, the very moment she's writing about. She leads us to a microscope so we can see every smallest part of the scene. It seems that she's always asking us to notice more, and more until the poem is so clear in our minds that it's almost painful—like a light that's too bright.8. What do we know about Bishop's early life?A. She was mainly brought up by her grandparents.B. She spent her childhood mainly in Worcester.C. She was always encouraged by her parents.D. She started to write poems at five.9. Why are Bishop's letters to Moore and Lowell important?A. They have a deep influence on other poets.B. They offer much information about her life.C. They help us study Moore and Lowell's poetry.D. They prove she had friendships with famous poets.10. What can we say about Bishop's poetic creation?A. She liked to write in the morning.B. She could write poems at high speed.C. She tried her best to achieve perfection.D. She published hundreds of books of poetry.11. Which word can be used to best describe the style of Bishop’s poems?A. Enthusiastic.B. Romantic.C. Humorous.D. Exact.DAfter a year at sea, 16-year-old Laura Dekker can finally say, “Missionaccomplished!” Last month, she finished a daring trip around the world aboard her 38-foot boat, Guppy. Dekker, who is from theNetherlands, traveled more than 30,000 miles all by herself. She is the youngest person ever to sail around the globe alone.Dekker had wanted to lake on this challenge when she was even younger. She first tried to set sail at the age of 13, but a court in theNetherlandsstopped her. They said that she was too young to make such a risky trip by herself. But Dekker insisted she had the navigation skills and patience of an adult sailor.She finally took off on January 20, 2011. During her trip, Dekker battled loneliness, storms, and worries about pirates. But she also got to surf, scuba dive, and started a new hobby: playing the flute. Although Dekker didn’t spend all of her time at sea—she stopped at ports along the way—she did spend her 16lh birthday on the open ocean. To celebrate, she ate doughnuts for breakfast.But Dekker didn’t sail into the record books. Guinness World Records and the World Sailing Speed Record Council no longer recognize records for “youngest” sailors. They dropped the category in 2009 to discourage children fromattempting such dangerous feats (壮举). But that didn’t stop Dekker，who was born on a yacht during a seven-year world voyage undertaken by her parents.Dekker doesn’t mind that she won’t hold an official record. She says it was a personal goal, and she is happy she achieved it.“I am not disappointed at all that Guinness World Record won’t recognize my attempt.” Dekker wrote on herwebsite. “I did not start on my trip to achieve any record…I did it just for myself.”12. Dekker wasn’t allowed to sail at the age of 13 because .A. people were concerned about her safetyB.she didn’t learn any sailing skills wellC. she had to continue her study at schoolD. she didn’t have enough patience for long trips13. What does the underlined word “accomplished” in Paragraph 1 mean?A. Failed.B. Completed.C. Continued.D. Started.14. In 2009 records for youngest sailors were canceled in order to .A. set a higher sailing standard for teen sailorsB. stop children entering Guinness World RecordsC. encourage parents to sail with their childrenD. prevent children making dangerous attempts15. What could be the best title for this passage?A. A New Guinness World Record in SailingB. A New Sailing Standard for Teen SailorsC. A Teen Girl Sailing Alone Aroundthe WorldD. The Youngest Sailor in Guinness World Records第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
广东省中山一中2019届高三上学期第二次统测英语试题
中山一中2019届高三级第二次统测英语试题I 语言知识及应用(共两节,满分45分)第一节完形填空(共15小题；每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从1～15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Which came first, the chicken or the egg? This is one of life’s ___1___ questions and people have been debating about it for thousands of years. Now scientists believe they have solved this ___2___. Researchers from Sheffield and Warwick Universities in England discovered the answer ___3___. They used a super computer to observe the shell-making process while a new shell was ___4___. Then they found one protein called OC17 that is ___5___ for forming eggshell. This is only found inside a chicken’s body, which is proof that the ___6___ came first. The team was ___7___ looking at how animals and birds make eggshells but suddenly made their surprising ___8___. The big question now is where chickens came from. The ___9___ is from dinosaurs.The research team said eggshells are one of nature’s most ___10___ creations. Professor John Harding from the team told reporters: “Understandin g how chickens make eggshells is fascinating in itself, but it can also be ___11___ in designing new materials.” Eggshells are very lightweight but incredibly strong. Even the most up-to-date materials ___12___ by the world’s top engineers cannot produce a nything as ___13___ as an eggshell. Professor Harding added that ___14___ eggshells could help to cure bone diseases and design materials for the construction industry. “Nature has found wonderful ways that ___15___ for all kinds of problems in materials science and technology —we can learn a lot from them.” he said.1. A. strangest B. best C. oldest D. closest2. A. puzzle B. fact C. history D. opinion3. A. on purpose B. by chance C. without hesitation D. at work4. A. breaking B. changing C. disappearing D. forming5. A. necessary B. easy C. kind D. impossible6. A. egg B. eggshell C. chicken D. dinosaur7. A. obviously B. originally C. thoughtfully D. surprisingly8. A. invention B. mistake C. statement D. discovery9. A. answer B. research C. road D. egg10. A. common B. ridiculous C. funny D. amazing11. A. interesting B. helpful C. normal D. correct12. A. bought B. cut C. designed D. carried13. A. brilliant B. ordinary C.1ight D. small14. A. finding B. watching C. studying D. making15. A. happen B. work C. wait D. look第二节语法填空(共10小题；每小题15分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求,在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空,并将答案填写在答题卷标号为16～25的相应位置上。
2019-2020学年中山市第一中学高三英语一模试卷及答案解析
2019-2020学年中山市第一中学高三英语一模试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ALocated in the beautiful Sichuan Basin, Chongqing is a magical 8D city. The natural history and cultural scenery of the area provide children with learning opportunities because they can enjoy the many wonders of this area.Fengjie Tiankeng Ground JointTiankeng Diqiao Scenic Area is located in the southern mountainous area of Fengjie County. The Tiankeng pit is 666 meters deep and is currently the deepest tiankeng in the world. The scenic spot is divided into ten areas including Xiaozhai Tiankeng, Tianjingxia Ground, Labyrinth River, and Longqiao River. There are many and weird karst cave shafts, and countless legends haunt them.Youyang Peach GardenYouyang Taohuayuan Scenic Area is a national forest park, a national 5A-level scenic spot, and a national outdoor sports training base. Located in the hinterland of Wuling Mountain. The Fuxi Cave in the scenic spot is about 3,000 meters long, with winding corridors, deep underground rivers, and color1 ful stalactites. The landscape is beautiful.Jinyun Mountain National Nature ReserveJinyun Mountain is located in Beibei District of Chongqing City, about 45 kilometers away from the Central District of Chongqing City. The nine peaks of Jinyun Mountain stand upright and rise from the ground. The ancient trees on the mountain are towering, the green bamboos form the forest, the environment is quiet, and the scenery is beautiful, so it is called "Little Emei". Among them, Yujian Peak is the highest, 1050 meters above sea level; Lion Peak is the most precipitous and spectacular, and the other peaks are also unique.Chongqing People's SquareChongqing's Great Hall of the People, one of the landmarks of Chongqing, gives people the deepest impression than its magnificent appearance resembling the Temple of Heaven. It also uses the traditional method of central axis symmetry, with colonnade-style double wings and a tower ending, plus a large green glazed roof, large red pillars, white railings, double-eave bucket arches, and painted carved beams.1.How deep is the Tiankeng Ground Joint?A.666mB.3,000mC.45kmD.1050m2.Which of the following rocks can you see in Youyang Peach Garden?A.LimestoneB.StalactiteC.MarbleD.Quartzite3.Which attraction is closest to downtown Chongqing?A.Fengjie Tiankeng Ground JointB.Jinyun Mountain National Nature ReserveC.Chongqing People's SquareD.Youyang Peach GardenBJeff Bezos, Elon Musk and Richard Branson have a combined net worth of 400 billion, roughly the size of the GDP of the entire nation of Ireland. And all three men have decided to put vast sums of their wealth into chasing their space travel dreams, creating a modern space race in which ultra — rich men — rather than countries — shoot for the stars.But why the three billionaires choose the crazy plan? Just for the travel dreams? It’s not that simple.As we all know, the space travel is a mirror of comprehensive national strength, whether it’s the cold war or the present. The first space racespannedmultiple presidents and premiers — Kennedy, Krushchev, Brezhnev, Nixon. It made heroes of astronauts and cosmonauts, and it focused national prides. But obviously, this year’s race between the billionaires features none of that national pride or opposing ideas. It’s tax — averse tycoons (大亨) who want to sell high — priced tickets to rich people interested in experiencing weightlessness. Amazon’s Bezos has said he is funding his portion by selling off large chunks of his Amazon stock (股票) — 1 billion or more a year.What are the odds? If anyone is taking bets on how this will end, and who will have the more profitable space tourism business, consider Amazon’s method of making very little profit in order to eat up competition. So, from this point of view, what’s hiding behind this crazy race is business. As a method of expand influence, it is not a bad idea.Richard Branson has carried out his plan on July 12, and Jeff Bezos announced that he will start his space travel on July 20. Bezos is getting some good press because he’s taking Wally Funk along for the ride. She’s the pilot now in her 80s who was kept out of space in the 1960s because she’s a woman. This may be a bonus for him. As for Musk, he thinks these two above are not real space trips, he wants a larger move.Who will win the race in the end? Let’s wait and see.4. Which of the following people might be the potential client of the space travel?A. Daisy aged 45 with a heavy debt.B. Clarkson who doesn’t enjoy taking risks.C. Billy aged 60 with an ample retirement pension.D. Alexander who knows nothing about space travel.5. What stopped Wally Funk flying to space in the 1960s?A. Age.B. Gender.C. Height.D. Disposition.6. What does the author think of the billionaires race?A. Profit — driven.B. Meaningless.C. Foolish.D. Generous.7. What does the underlined word “spanned” in paragraph 3 probably mean?A. Revolved.B. Turned down.C. Entered.D. Leapt through.CThe United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) included on December 17, 2020 China's Tai Chi on the RepresentativeList of the Intangible（无形的）Cultural Heritage of Humanity. The decision was announced during the online meeting of the UNESCO Intergovernmental Committee for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage held from December 14 to19 inKingston, capital ofJamaica.“Born in the mid-17th century in a small village named Chenjiagou located in Central China's Henan province, Tai Chi is not only a kind of traditional Wushu integrated with slow movements and deep breathing, but is also deeply rooted in many areas of Chinese culture, such as medicine and philosophy,”Zhu Xianghua says, who is the son of the famous Tai Chi master Zhu Tiancai.Although it has spread to more than 150 countries and regions, attracting more than 100 million people to practice, the idea that Tai Chi is for the elderly has stopped many young people practicing the ancient Wushu. They think of it as a slow exercise, which is specially made and better suited for their grandparents. Instead, many young people are turning to the Indian practice of yoga（瑜伽）to relieve stress, which was placed on the UNESCO's List in 2019.In order to promote Tai Chi, joint efforts have been made from individuals and the Chinese government in the last decades. Xi'an Jiaotong University requires students to learn Tai Chi. Wang Yunbing, a professor in the university's sports center, stressed that Tai Chi is not only good physical exercise-researchers from the American College of Rheumatology find that it can help manage several diseases but is also conned ted to ancient Chinese eivilization. Since 2014, the World Tai Chi Championships have been held every two years by the International Wushu Federation. It provides a platform for communication and learning between the Tai Chi masters and Tai Chilovers around the globe. In January 2020, Tai Chi became an official event in the 2026 Dakar Youth Olympic Games.8. What does Zhu Xianghua say about Tai Chi in paragraph 2?A. It originated from fast Kung Fu action.B. It was born around the 1750s in a village.C. It is related to other cultural fields ofChina.D. It integrates Chinese medicine and western philosophy.9. Why do some young people choose to practice yoga instead of Tai Chi?A. They think it easier to practice yoga to keep fit.B. The elderly stop young people practicing Tai Chi.C. They consider Tai Chi is custom-built for old people.D. Yoga was included in the world culture earlier than Tai Chi.10. What is the main purpose of the last paragraph?A. To promote contemporary Chinese civilization.B. To show many efforts made to popularize Tai Chi.C. To stress the importance of Chinese Tai Chi masters.D. To advise people to practise Tai Chi to cure diseases.11.Which of the following is the best title for the passage?A. Tai Chi Steps on the UNESCO's List.B. Tai Chi is Competing against Yoga.C. Tai Chi Has Regained populate Globally.D. Opinions Greatly Differ on Tai Chi and Yoga.DSome of my earliest memories involve sitting with my dad in his study every evening when he came home from the office. I’d watch as he put his personal items away: his watch, wallet, comb and car keys would always occupy the same spot on the table every time.Dad’s comb was bought when he married Mum. Every evening, he would smile, hand me the comb and say: “Be a good girl and help Daddy clean it, OK?” I was more than happy to do it. This seems amundanetask, but it brought me such joy at that time. I would excitedly turn the tap on, then brush the comb with a used toothbrush as hard as I could. Satisfied that I’d done a good job, I would proudly return the comb to Dad. He would smile atme, and place the comb on top of his wallet.About two years later, Dad started his own business. I started primary school. That was when things started to change. Dad’s business wasn’t doing so well, and he didn’t come home as much as he used to. Over the years, I stopped waiting for him to come home.Today, I’ve graduated from college and Dad’s business are better now. Yet the uncomfortable silence between Dad and me continued. Two days before my birthday last year, Dad came home early and said to me, “Hey, would you like to help me clean my comb?” I looked at him a while, then took the comb and headed to the sink. It’s a new comb. I hadn’t noticed that he’d changed it. I brushed the comb, and it hit me then: why, as a child, helping my dad clean his comb was such a joy.I passed the clean comb back to Dad. This time, I noticed my day has aged. But his smile is still as heartwarming as before. Dad carefully places his comb on top of his wallet. After so many years, I guess some things never change. And for that, I’m glad.12. As a child, the author helped her dad clean his comb happily because ________.A. she was good at cleaning the combB. she thought that she should do that as a good girlC. her dad was home early to spend the evening with herD. the comb was important for her father and her mother13. Which of the following words can best replace the underlined wordmundanein paragraph two?A. importantB. excitingC. unnecessaryD. uninteresting14. When the author said, “It’s a new comb. I hadn’t noticed that he’d changed it.”, she felt ________.A. disappointedB. impatientC. tiredD. sorry15. What’s the best title of the passage?A. Evenings With Dad.B. How to Clean the Comb.C. My Memory with My Dad.D. I Love My Family Members.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
广东省中山一中、仲元中学等七校2019届高三英语第一次(8月)联考试题
2019届高三第一次联考英语试卷考试用时：120分钟满分：120分第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
AIt’s almost camp season!Summer is wonderful. Summer at one of the following awesome camps? Even more wonderful.Tahosa High Adventure BaseLocation: Ward, ColoradoPeople puzzle: Tahosa’s ropes courses are some of the nation’s best. Use your hands, feet and brains to take up high-flying challenges and overcome your fears. Fly fishing at 9,000 feet? Yes. Fishing licenses or experience needed? No, sir! Choose your adventure: Go all-inclusive, where the staff prepares meals and runs the program, or take control and plan your perfect week. The choice is yours. Camp RaymondLocation: Parks, ArizonaDon’t look down: When looki ng up at the stars, light pollution is your enemy. But Camp Raymond’s location and elevation (海拔) of 6,700 feet offer perfect conditions for seeing otherwise invisible stars.That’s cool: Don’t forget your camera and a jacket. During the day, you could spo t bears and deer. At night, temperatures can fall sharply. Hot cocoa at summer camp? Cool.Pamlico Sea BaseLocation: Blounts Creek, North Carolina.Go coastal: Explore the Carolina coast by boat. You choose the route, and Pamlico provides the equipment. Keep an eye out for wild horses, lighthouses and boatloadsof fish.Set sail: Even if you don’t know the difference between starboard and star-lord, Pamlico’s sailing journey will make you a first-rate sailor in no time. You’ll even practice finding your way using the stars.Base CampLocation: St. Paul, MinnesotaBig upgrade: What happens when you change a 1907 cavalry drill hall (骑兵训练场) into an adventure destination in the heart of the city? You get Base Camp for overnight lock-ins, weekend retreats (隐居处) and summer camp.Inside out: Most of Base Camp is indoors, meaning the activities like climbing walls can be undertaken on winter’s coldest days.1. What do we know about Tahosa High Adventure Base?A. It requires fishing licensesB. It offers lessons on flying a planeC. It’s a camp that is intended for brave kidsD. It is a camp where you can set your own pace2. What can be learned in Pamlico Sea Base?A. How to tell starboard from star-lord B How to choose camping equipmentC. How to use the stars for directionsD. How to make a boat on your own3 In which camp can kids climb walls inside on winter days?A. Base CampB. Camp RaymondC. Pamlico Sea BaseD. Tahosa High Adventure Base.B“You’ll be blind by the time you’re twent y-five,” a doctor at Children’s Hospital predicted. “Your blood sugars are much too high.” It consumed me. No matter where I was or what I was doing, it was overhead like a dark cloud, waiting for just the right opportunity to break open and destroy my world.I liked painting. Losing myself in painting filled me with peace. Painting provided me with the only place where I could escape from those threatening words.When I was twenty-one, my right eye went blind. Precisely three months after mytwenty-fifth birthday, I had a massive hemorrhage (大出血) in my left eye because of an accident. For the next twenty years, vision came and went. I went through many eye operations in an attempt to keep my vision. But after one final operation, I lost the battle and all remaining vision. And I buried all dreams of painting.Desperate, I enrolled in (注册) a sixteen-week program for the blind and visually impaired (损伤的). I learned personal adjustment and the use of a computer with adaptive software. A whole new world opened up to me through this program.“Jaws and Window-Eyes are leading software for the blind,” my instructor told me. “You can use the Internet, e-mail and Microsoft with all its tools and features.” I t’s amazing! Hope went up for the first time in years. “By le arning how to use hot keys to control the mouse, you can use Microsoft Access, Excel and Powerpoint,” my instructor added.For the next several years, I learned that when one door closes, another door opens. There are plenty of choices available for the blind and visually impaired through the gift of technology. Not only do I have a speaking computer, but I havea speaking watch, alarm clock and calculator.4.What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 1 refer to?A. The right opportunity.B. Losing my sight in the future.C. Consuming too much sugarD. The children’s hospital.5. What happened when the author was 25 years old?A. He gave up painting.B. He went blind completelyC. He injured one of his eyes.D. He picked up a new hobby6. What brought a turning point to the author?A. A special course.B. A meaningful eventC. An inspiring speech.D. An important interview.7. What does the author intend to tell us?A. No pain, no gain.B. Every man has his price.C. Nothing is impossible to a willing heart.D. Be optimistic in the face of life’s difficulties.CThese days, I walk down the steps leading toward the south end of the All England Club in Wimbledon, and still look for the Crow’s Nest, a small green observation tower with an outer ladder that I used to climb on for a wide view of the grounds, but which has since been knocked down.The Crow’s Nest was a particularly useful point, because it allowed a tennis writer to keep trackof the action on as many as 10 outside courts at a time. At days end, reporters from different nations would share notes on what they had observed all over the grounds. Twenty-seven years later, the press room has touch screens that allow us to watch live videos from any court, and even go back to watch key moments in key matches long after they have finished. You could cover Wimbledon without leaving your seat. But that is a bit like spending all your time ordering room service and looking up fun facts on Wikipedia.More than at any other tennis tournament, there is also an appetite for stories that deal with the setting, the history and the traditions.If they change the price of the fish tacos (鱼肉卷饼) at the United States Open, it’s not a story. If they change the price of the strawberries and cream, the signature treat at Wimbledon. It’s time to email your editor using capital letters. The new retractable (可伸缩的) roof was put in place in 2009. Until then, you always had to have a rainy-day story in your notebook because there were no guarantees any matches would be played. Now tennis is a sure thing on Centre Court, which has made tennis reporters a bit less creative. But at least it guarantees us daily access to the most atmospheric place in the sport.So much has changed, but Centre Court remains true to its original spirit: morea theater than a stadium. Catching that feeling is part of covering Wimbledon, too.8. What did the author do on the Crow’s Nest in the past?A. He made friends with reporters.B. He reported on tennis matches.C. He appreciated the beautiful scenery.D. He exchanged experiences with tennis players.9. What does the author think of the new way of covering Wimbledon?A. It lacks fun.B. It is expensiveC. It is not convenient.D. It is not quick enough10. Why does the author mention strawberries and cream?A. To compare popular foods.B. To introduce the typical treat at Wimbledon.C. To describe people’s craze for traditional dishes.D. To show the traditions of Wimbledon are an attraction.11. What difference does the new roof make?A. Audiences have easier access to a tennis court.B. There’s less fun in watching Wimbledon indoors.C. Reporters are struggling to find original material.D. rainy-day stories about Wimbledon have become history.DOn January 13, 2016, France became the first country in the world to pass a law requiring supermarkets to donate food that is approaching its expiration date (保质期) instead of throwing it away. The regulation that applies to supermarkets over 4,000 square feet requires stores to sign official donation agreements with local food banks.The law also makes it illegal for stores to pour water over nearly-expired food, or store it inside locked warehouses until it is picked up by the garbage trucks. These measures are often undertaken by supermarkets to prevent the hungry from searching for food through the dustbins.Though that may appear cruel, the stores claim they do it to avoid potential food poisoning that could occur if the product is on its way past its expiry. Those who do not obey the new law face the risk of heavy fines.Also, excess goods like yogurt or milk that are likely to go bad quickly are now allowed to be donated directly to the food banks. Though this has always been possible, the current process is long and complex, making it difficult for producers to give away the food in a timely manner.France’s food banks are of course thrilled about the possibility of receivingextra food. Jacques Bailet, who heads a network of French food banks called the Banques Alimentaires, says that of the 110,000 tons of goods received annually, only 36,000 tons comes from supermarkets. Bailet estimates (估计) that just a 15% increase in supermarket donations would translate to over 10 million additional meals to feed the hungry each year.Though this is a great first step, Arash Dermabarsh, the activist responsible for the grassroots movement that led to the ban, is not done. He now wants to extend the law to other places like restaurants and also try to convince other countries in the European Union to pass similar regulations. These steps are necessary because of the over 9 million tons of food wasted in France; an astonishing 67% is thrown away by consumers, with supermarkets and restaurants making up the rest.12. What should stores do with nearly-expired food?A. Throw it away.B. Send it to the hungry.C. Store it in refrigerators.D. Give it away to food banks.13. What does the underlined word “excess” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?A. Extra.B. Cheap.C. Seasonal.D. Returned.14. What might Bailet agree with about the French food banks?A. They have a lot of expired food.B. They will get much benefit from the law.C. Their food is enough for the people in need.D. Their food mainly comes from supermarkets.15. What does Dermabarsh plan to do?A. Build more food banks in France.B. Make the law take effect in more places.C. Organize a campaign to promote this law.D. Raise consumers awareness of waste reduction.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
中山市第一中学2019-2020学年第一学期 丰山学部高二级 第三次段考 英语试题(含答案)
中山市第一中学2019－2020学年度第一学期丰山学部高二级第三次段考英语试题命题人：审题人：本试卷共8页，三部分，满分135分。
其中120分参与折算。
考试用时120分钟。
第一部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
AConsidering the temperate climate in England, most tourists like to visit London between April and September. Tourists also enjoy what London has to offer during Christmas.Getting around LondonTransportation in London is divided into zones, meaning the further you intend to go, the more expensive it will cost you. You'll find one of the best subways here, with single rides starting at about $ 2.5. You can also use taxis (keep in mind that black cabs do not accept smart cards), boats, buses as well as commuter trains(市郊火车). To avoid any trouble, you can get yourself a smart card and perhaps load it with $ 50 dollars to cover your weekly travel budget.London WeatherTo enjoy warm weather in London plan your visit in July as it is the hottest month. January is the coldest month in London.What you should Know Before Visiting LondonUnlike most cities in Europe, life in London is a bit more expensive. Also, make sure you plan ahead so that you don't miss out on the best tickets, hotels and offers.BEST OF LONDONSEALIFE London AquariumEnjoy a spectacular experience with underwater creatures at SEALIFE London aquarium. It is perfect for a family fun day.The Coca-Cola London EyeA major feature of London's skyline, the Coca - Cola London Eye boasts some of the best city views from its 32 capsules. You'll definitely enjoy the breathtaking experience.Sherlock Holmes MuseumA perfect place to visit if you love books and music.1. The peak month to visit London is most likely to be _____A. JanuaryB. MarchC. MayD. October2. What is good about a smart card?A. It can be paid for any transport means. B, It can cover any expenses.C. It is available online.D. It is convenient.3. lf your family want to see a variety of fish, you will go to _____.A. SEALIFE London AquariumB. The Coca-Cola London EyeC. Sherlock Holmes MuseumD. London Canal MuseumBHaving experienced a shocking electrical accident, which caused him to become both blind and deaf, James Franco’s world became completely dark and quiet for almost ten years. The loss of sight and hearing threw him into such sorrow that he tried a few times to put an end to his life. His family, especially his wife, did their best to tend and comfort him and finally he regained the will to live.One hot summer afternoon, he was taking a walk with a stick near his house when a thunderstorm started all at once. He stood under a large tree to avoid getting wet, but he was struck by the lightning. Witnesses thought he was dead but he woke up 20 minutes later, lying face down in muddy water. He was trembling badly, but when he opened his eyes, he could hardly believe what he saw: a tree and a muddy road. When Mrs. Franco came running up to him, shouting to their neighbors to call for help, he could see her and hear her voice for the first time in nearly ten years.The news of James regaining his sight and hearing quickly spread and many doctors came to examine him. Most of them said that he regained his sight and hearing from the shock he got from the lightning. However, none of them could give a compellent explanation as to why this should happen. The only persuasive explanation given by one doctor was that, since James lost his sight and hearing as a result of a sudden shock, perhaps, the only way for him to regain them was by another sudden shock.4. The reason why James attempted to kill himself was that _________.A. a terrible electrical accident happened to himB. nobody in the world cared about himC. he was struck by the lightning once moreD. he had to live in a dark and silent world5. What was James doing when he was struck by the lightning?A. Putting an end to his life.B. Sheltering from the rain under a tree.C. Taking a walk with a stick.D. Lying on the ground.6. What does the underl ined word “compellent” in paragraph 3 mean?A. convincingB. wrongC. unexplainedD. true7. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A. A Terrible Electrical AccidentB. What a Sudden ShockC. An Unforgettable ExperienceD. James Franco and His WifeCThis can be the perfect gift for your dancing partner, who often steps on your feet on the dance floor. Smart socks, which can teach to dance, may be the answer for anyone with two left feet.The socks have been developed as a running tool to help runners improve their skills. Thanks to the socks, users can accurately record not only how far and fast they run but also how well. It means the user maximizes their performance, and reduces damage to body and prevents hurt. The hi-tech socks are made of special fibers that watch the movements of your feet. They look, feel and can be washed like normal clothes.Sensors (传感器) record each movement and send it by an ankle transmitter (脚踝发射器) to a smart phone. Then a “virtual coach” applicat ion shows the information and can tell the user what they are doing wrong, and help to improve skill in any task with feet.The socks should be useful to athletes and weekend joggers. “People think running is so easy and of course everybody can do it but n ot necessarily safely and well,” Dr Davide Vigano said. A recent study showed that between 60 and 80 percent of runners got hurt per year. This is pretty much morethan any other human activity. Researchers say the technology can also be developed to teach people how to dance, play sports such as golf, or even to help to teach women to walk better in high heels.Mr. Vigano said, “People could all benefit from the technology. We have had interest from all sorts of sports, like skiing, football, cycling and golf. Anything where you have to use your feet can use it. It could even be put in high heels to help women walk in them safely.”Socks are just the start, and the technology could be used in gloves, hats and boots. The socks, anklet and software package, are expected to be sold for around £120, which will go on sale in March.8. What does the underlined part “anyone with two left feet” refer to?A. People who are disabled.B. People who are interested in dancing.C. People who are not good at dancing.D. People who invented the socks.9. What’s special about fibers that the socks are made of?A. They feel much softer than normal clothes.B. They can monitor the movement of feet.C. They are expensive to produce.D. They act as a smart coach for users.10. Which of the following is NOT mentioned about the socks?A. They can improve the skill of running.B. They can help women walk better in high heels.C. They can teach people to dance well.D. They can be used as technological gloves, hats and boots.11. According to Dr Vigano, _________.A. everyone can make good use of the smart socksB. users can run as fast as they like with the socksC. 60 to 80 percent of runners would like to buy the smart socksD. no runners will get hurt, thanks to the socksDTh e kindly “Chinese Fortune Grandpa” wearing Han Chinese clothing and holding a fortune bag debuted （亮相）at the Imperial Ancestral Shrine in Beijing on the day after Christmas. The final image of the Chinese gift-giver was selected through a global design co mpetition against “Santa Claus”, according to a report by Guangming Daily.Many Chinese cities have been filled with Christmas neon lights, Christmas songs, Christmas trees, and the images of “Santa Claus”in recent days. As a matter of fact, foreign festi vals are becoming more popular than certain traditional Chinese festivals among the Chinese people, particularly the youth. “Certain traditional festivals have died out because people have forgotten their spiritual meanings,” said noted writer Feng Jicai. More and more Chinese people are beginning to exchange gifts on Valentine's Day and Christmas. However, many of them know nothing about Chinese New Year pictures or sugarcoated figurines（小糖人）, and have never heard suona music. Certain folk customs on the Dragon Boat Festival, Tomb Sweeping Day, and other traditional festivals have gradually disappeared. Under such circumstances, even the “Chinese Fortune Grandpa” is unlikely to defeat “Santa Claus”.However, it is not a bad thing to some extent. It constan tly reminds people to restore the “trueface” of traditional festivals. China has listed traditional Tomb Sweeping Day, Dragon Boat Festival and Mid-Autumn Festival as legal holidays, which brings more paid leaves to the public, and helps to awake the public awareness of traditional festivals.In modern society, festival is a carrier of culture and its meaning largely depends on their understandings and usages by people. Compared with foreign festivals, traditional Chinese festivals are not inferior in cultural meanings, but lack of fashion which is sought by modern young people. If people do not appreciate the historical culture contained by traditional festivals, and only take pleasure-seeking as the most important, the significance of traditional festivals will fade away and the inheritance (继承) of fine traditional culture will be cut off.12. The second paragraph implies that _________.A. traditional festivals should co-exist with foreign festivalsB. all the Chinese festivals are disappearing in the near futureC. western festivals are constantly impacting on our festivalsD. the Chinese people have the public awareness of traditional festivals13. We can learn from the passage that _________.A. an image designed by the Chinese people will be displayedB. the Chinese gift-giver was intended to symbolize traditional cultureC. many foreigners know nothing about Chinese festivalsD. the Chinese are beginning to exchange gifts on the Mid-Autumn Festival14. Many Chinese youth dislike traditional festivals because they think _________.A. traditional festivals are out of fashion nowB. the historical culture is more difficult to understandC. western festivals contain more cultural meaningsD. the inheritance will cut off their contact with western festivals15. What would be the best title of the passage?A. Gone are Chinese Traditional FestivalsB. True Face of Chinese Traditional CultureC. Foreign Festivals Popular with ChineseD. Chinese Fortune Grandpa VS. Santa Claus第二节七选五（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出正确答案。
【全国百强校顶尖名校】广东省中山市第一中学2019届高三上学期第二次统测 英语
中山市第一中学2019届高三年级第二次统测英语本试卷共8页，共120分考试时长：120分钟第一部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Plan on traveling around the USA this summer? If you need help in arranging the trip, or want ideas about where to go and what to do, there are a number of outstanding websites that can make your American dream come true.http://byways. orgThe National Scenic Byways Program covers 150 memorable roads. Some are natural routes，such as Route 1 along the California coast. Others focus on history （such as Route 6）or man-made attractions （the Las Vegas Strip）. For each，you are provided with a map，told the route′s lengt h and how long is allowed，and given detailed suggestions on sights and stop-offs.This is the best website for reviews of hotels in US cities and resorts. The reviews are impressively thorough，covering locations，rooms，cleanliness，food and so on. Importantly，these are not promotional photos by the hotels，but more honest and real ones taken by inspectors. Search facilities are excellent. From the 243 hotels reviewed in the New York，you can narrow down what you are looking for by locations，facilities and styles，or just pick out a selection of the best.www. This is the latest offering that features 101 holiday ideas to the USA. It’s an impressively diverse selection，ranging from touring in the footsteps of Martin Luther King to a golfing break in Arizona and a cycling and wine-tasting trip in California’s Napa Valley. Narrow down what you are looking for 一whether by price，region，theme and who will be traveling 一and then just the photos of the relevant holidays remain on view. It′s a really clever design.Walt Disney World in California can make dreams come true，but the price is not affordable for the majority of people. So turn to long established ，dedicated to giving big discounts on tickets，hotels and dining at Walt Disney World. The website also offers general money-saving tips，suggestions for cheap and free stuff and brief coverage of other Florida and California theme parks.1. If you are going to the USA for the man-made attractions，you can drive along ______ .A. Route 1B. Route 6C. the Las Vegas StripD. the Californiacoast2. Why are the photos of the hotels in US cities and resorts real in www. oyster. com？_____A. Because there are qualifications of the authority.B. Because they are taken by inspectors of the website.C. Because there are comments of customers on each photo.D. Because they were taken by customers who once lived there.3. Travel ideas for a big family with kids and the old are available at ______ .A. B. C. www. D. BCigarette ends are everywhere ---- littering our streets and beaches ---- and for decades they’ve been t hought of as "unrecyclable". But a New Jersey based company，called TerraCycle，has taken on the challenge，and has come up with a way to recycle millions。
【全国百强校】广东省中山市第一中学2019届高三上学期第二次统测英语试题
中山市第一中学2019届高三年级第二次统测英语命题人: 审题人：本试卷共 8页，共120分考试时长：120分钟第一部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Plan on traveling around the USA this summer? If you need help in arranging the trip, or want ideas about where to go and what to do, there are a number of outstanding websites that can make your American dream come true.http://byways. orgThe National Scenic Byways Program covers 150 memorable roads. Some are natural routes，such as Route 1 along the California coast. Others focus on history （such as Route 6）or man-made attractions （the Las Vegas Strip）. For each，you are provided with a map，told the route′s length and how long is allowed，and given detailed suggestions on sights and stop-offs.This is the best website for reviews of hotels in US cities and resorts. The reviews are impressively thorough，covering locations，rooms，cleanliness，food and so on. Importantly，these are not promotional photos by the hotels，but more honest and real ones taken by inspectors. Search facilities are excellent. From the 243 hotels reviewed in the New York，you can narrow down what you are looking for by locations，facilities and styles，or just pick out a selection of the best.www. This is the latest offering that features 101 holiday ideas to the USA. It’s an impressively diverse selection，ranging from touring in the footsteps of Martin Luther King to a golfing break in Arizona and a cycling and wine-tasting trip in California’s Napa Valley. Narrow down what you are looking for一 whether by price，region，theme and who will be traveling 一 and then just the photos of the relevant holidays remain on view. It′s a real ly clever design.Walt Disney World in California can make dreams come true，but the price is not affordable for the majority of people. So turn to long established ，dedicated to giving big discounts on tickets，hotels and dining at Walt Disney World. The website also offers general money-saving tips，suggestions for cheap and free stuff and brief coverage of other Florida and California theme parks.1. If you are going to the USA for the man-made attractions，you can drive along ______ .A. Route 1B. Route 6C. the Las Vegas StripD. the California coast2. Why are the photos of the hotels in US cities and resorts real in www. oyster. com？_____A. Because there are qualifications of the authority.B. Because they are taken by inspectors of the website.C. Because there are comments of customers on each photo.D. Because they were taken by customers who once lived there.3. Travel ideas for a big family with kids and the old are available at ______ .A. B. C. www. D. BCigarette ends are everywhere ---- littering our streets and beaches ---- and for decades they’ve been thought of as "unrecyclable". But a New Jersey based company，called TerraCycle，has taken on the challenge，and has come up with a way to recycle millions of cigarette ends and turn them into industrial plastic products. Its aim is to recycle things that people normally consider impossible to reuse.Obviously it would be even better for the environment if everyone just stopped smoking，but the statistics show that although there has been an increase in anti-smoking ads and messaging，between 2000 and 2014，global sales of cigarettes increased by 8 percent，and a whole lot of those cigarette ends are ending up as trash. Since most of our litter eventually ends up in waterways，cigarette ends can surely pollute the surrounding environment. "It only takes a single cigarette end to pollute a liter of water," TerraCycle founder，Tom Szaky，said. "Animals can also mistake littered cigarette ends for food. "So how do you go about turning all those poisonous ends into something useful？TerraCycle does this by first breaking them down into separate parts. They mix the remaining materials，such as thetobacco and the paper，with other kinds of rubbish，and use it on non-agricultural land，such as golf courses. The filters (过滤嘴) are a little harder. To recycle these，TerraCycle first makes them clean and cuts them into small pieces，and then combines them with other recycled materials，making them into liquid for industrial plastic products.They’re now also expanding their recycling offerings to the rest of the 80 percent of household waste that currently can’t be recycled，such as chocolate packaging，pens，and mobile phones. The goal is to use the latest research to find a way to stop so much waste ending up in landfill (垃圾填埋)，and then get companies to provide money for the process. And so far，it’s working."We haven’t found anything that we can’t recycle，"communications director of TerraCycle，Albe Zakes，said. "But with the amount and variety of packaging and litter in the world，we are always looking for new waste streams to address. "4. What does TerraCycle intend to do？______A. Search for recyclable materials for use.B. Deal with as many cigarette ends as possible.C. Produce new kinds of industrial plastic products.D. Recycle what used to be considered unrecyclable.5. The underlined word "trash" in Paragraph 2 probably means ______ .A. rubbishB. poisonC. disasterD. ruin6. What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about？______A. The effective use of cigarette ends.B. The process of recycling cigarette ends.C. The difficulty in recycling cigarette ends.D. The reason for breaking down cigarette ends.7. What Albe said in the last paragraph implies that ______ .A. there is more and more waste to be recycledB. it is difficult for TerraCycle to recycle everythingC. TerraCycle is trying to meet the challenge of new wasteD. TerraCycle has successfully recycled a large amount of waste.CPersuasion is the art of convincing someone to agree with you. According to the ancient Greeks，there are three basic tools of persuasion：ethos，pathos，and logos.Ethos is a speakers way of convincing the audience that she is trustworthy，honest and reliable. One common way a speaker can develop ethos is by explaining how much experience or education she has in the field. After all，you’re more likely to listen to advice about how to take care of your teeth from a dentist than a fireman. A speaker can also create ethos by convincing the audience that she is a good person. If an audience cannot trust you，you will not be able to persuade them.Pathos is a speaker’s way of connecting with an audience’s emotions. For example，a politician who is trying to convince an audience to vote for him might say that he alone can save the country from a terrible war. These words are intended to fill the audience with fear，thus making them support him. Similarly，an animal charity might show an audience pictures of injured dogs and cats，to make the viewers feel pity. If the audience feels bad for the animals，they will be more likely to donate money.Logos is the use of facts，statistics，or other evidence to support your argument. An audience will be more likely to believe you if you have convincing data to back up your claims. Presenting this evidence is much more persuasive than simply saying "believe me".Although ethos，pathos，and logos all have their strengths，they are often most effective when used together. Indeed，most speakers use a combination of ethos，pathos，and logos to persuade their audiences. So，the next time you listen to a speech，watch a commercial，or listen to a friend try to convince you to lend him some money，be on the lookout for these ancient Greek tools of persuasion.8. Why does the author say persuasion is an art？______A. They both entertain the audience.B. They both require great skills to achieve.C. They both demand full attention from the audience.D. They were both common topics of ancient Greek writers.9. How is a speaker able to show her ethos to the audience？______A. By expressing her sympathy with the audience.B. By telling the audience about her personal preference.C. By using beautiful language to make her statements attractive.D. By showing her knowledge and experience relating to the topic.10. What can we learn about the three aspects of persuasion？______A. Ethos is the most important aspect of persuasion.B. Each aspect has a different effect on the audience.C. Honesty is the key to making your arguments believable.D. Political leaders mostly use pathos to persuade their audience.11. An advertisement for washing powder which claims that “scientific tests show that our powder kills95% of all bacteria” is mainly using ______ .A. ethosB. pathosC. logosD. a combination of all threeDLarger brain size linked to longer life in deer. The size of a female animals’ brain may determine whether they live longer and have more healthy later generations，according to new research led by the University of Cambridge.The study, published in the Royal Society Open Science journal, shows that female red deer with larger brains live longer and have more surviving later generations than those with smaller brains. Brain size is heritable and is passed down through the generations. This is the first extensive study of individual differences in brain size in wild mammals and draws on data comparing seven generations of deer.Across species of mammals，brain size varies widely. This is thought to be a consequence of specific differences in the benefits and costs of a larger brain. Mammals with larger brains may，for example，have greater abilities that enable them to adapt better to environmental changes or they may have longer lifespans. But there may also be disadvantages：for instance，larger brains require more energy，so individuals that possess them may show reduced ability to give birth to young babies.The researchers，based at the University of Cambridge’s Zoolog y Department and Edinburgh University’s Institute of Evolutionary Biology，wanted to test if they could find more direct genetic or non-genetic evidence of the costs and benefits of large brain size by comparing the longevity (长寿) and survival of individuals of the same species with different sized brains. Using the skulls of 1,314 wild red deer whose life histories and breeding success had been monitored in the course of a long-term study on the Isle of Rum，they found that females with larger endocranial volumes(脑腔容量)lived longer and produced more surviving offspring in the course of their lives.Lead author Dr Corina Logan，a Gates Cambridge Scholar，says，"The reasons for the association between brain size and longevity are not known，but other studies have suggested that larger brains are a consequence of the longer-lived species having longer developmental periods in which the brain can grow.These predictions were generated from cross-species correlations； however, testing such hypotheses requires investigations at the within-species level，which is what we did. "Dr Logan adds，"We found that some of the cross-species predictions about brain size held for female red deer，and that none of the predictions were supported in male red deer. This indicates that each sex likely experiences its own set of trade-offs(权衡，协调)with regard to brain size. "The study also showed that females’ relative endocranial volume is smaller than that of males，despite evidence of selection for larger brains in females.Professor Tim Clutton Brock，who set up the Rum Red Deer study with Fiona Guinness in 1972 and started the work on brain size，points out，"The reason that this kind of study has not been conducted before is that it requires long term records of a large number of individuals across multiple generations and data of this kind are still rare in wild animals. "12. What does the new research about brain size reveal？ ______A. Large-brain red deer tend to be more reproductive.B. Large-brain female deer survive small-brain male deer.C. Brain size causes individual differences in some mammals.D. Brain size has been increasing from generation to generation.13. For different species of mammals，brain size varies widely because______ .A. mammals can develop different adaptive abilitiesB. a larger brain has its advantages and disadvantagesC. different mammals are born with different lifespansD. brain size is affected by genetic or non-genetic factors14. What can we learn about the relation between brain size and longevity？ ______A. The cause and effect needs to be further investigated.B. Brain size absolutely determines animals’ longevity.C. Longer-lived species allow brains to grow to a large size.D. The cross-species assumptions apply to red deer of both sexes.15. What can we infer from Professor Tim Clutton Brock’s words？ ______A. Researchers can’t possibly reach a conclusion about the reason.B. Researchers are not patient enough to keep long term records.C. Such research has been thoroughly conducted on wild animals before.D. Such research will witness great difficulty in the long-term process.第二节（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
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中山市第一中学2018年高三入门考试英语本试题共10页，满分120分，考试用时120分钟。
第I卷第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。
AThe following travel tips can help you get through an airport in the U.S. with minimal trouble.Plan AheadMinimize your wait by scheduling your departure to avoid rush hours such as weekend mornings. Some airports have more than one access point for security; do a quick Internet search or ask an airline agent for the fastest line. If you often travel outside the country, the $50 fee for a five-year NEXUS card could save you as much as 90 minutes in a busy customs queue.Pack SmartAvoid an unwanted search - or having to throw away your beloved face cream - by packing properly. Bottles or containers of liquids (100-millilitre format max) belong in a clear resealable bag (no more than one litre), and only one per person. The exceptions are baby food and milk. Suffer the SearchSince 2010, Canadian airports have used full-body scanners that show what’s under clothing. If you’re selected for such a scan, you can choose a manual pat down instead. Someone of your gender (性别) will do the search, and you can request a private room with a witness.Share Your GadgetsIf an agent asks for your phone or computer pass word, do you have to give it to them? It’s a hot-button legal question, but the short answer, for now, is yes. You could be criminally charged for refusing.Say Just EnoughUnlike the police, who need “reasonable grounds,” customs agents can ask you anyth ing. To co-operate, aim for clear, direct and polite answers.21. How can you reduce your waiting time while getting through an airport?A. By finding the fastest line.B. By asking your friends to help you.C. By avoiding planning your departure.D. By giving 50 dollars to an airline agent.22. Which part should you read if you want to know rules concerning water?A. Pack Smart.B. Suffer the Search.C. Share Your Gadgets.D. Say Just Enough.23. What should you do if officials at the airport ask for your phone password?A. Charge them in a court of law.B. Refuse them immediately.C. Find a witness first.D. Show it to them.BWhen Veronika Scott was a student at the College for Creative Studies in Detroit, Michigan, she received a task to “design to fill a need.” She dreamed up an idea for overcoats that would double as sleeping bags, made 25 of them, and handed them out to people living in shelters on an abandoned city playground. While her efforts were greeted mostly with enthusiasm from those braving Detroit’s cold winters, one woman voiced dissatisfaction. “We don’t need coats; we need jobs,” she told Veronika. Then she had her second inspiration.After graduating from college in 2012, Veronika founded the Empowerment Plan, a nonprofit organization. She hired two homeless women to sew the coats and paid them with donations she received through her blog. Now, the Empowerment Plan employs about 20 people and has produced more than 10,000 coats and distributed them in 30 states, Canada, and elsewhere abroad.“We don’t require previous employment,” Veronika says. “We’re looking for people who are motivated.” The Empowerment Plan provides free classes and lends money to those who qualify. Nearly all the employees eventually move into permanent housing, and some go on to jobs in the auto industry and construction.Veronika has bettered the coat’s design by making its outer layer of a lightweight material that resists air, wind, and water and its inner layer of a material that stores body heat. Still, Veronika is less focused on the coats than on the workers who make them. “At the end of the day,” she says, “the coat is a vehicle for us to employ people.”24. What was Veronika’s second inspiration?A. Improving her coat’s de sign.B. Founding a nonprofit organization.C. Profiting from the work of those low-paid people.D. Producing more coats and distributing them abroad.25. What is the purpose of the Empowerment Plan?A. To raise more donations.B. To design better clothes.C. To provide help for the homeless.D. To offer free classes to the motivated.26. Which of the following best describes Veronika?A. Creative and caring.B. Greedy and unsatisfied.C. Generous but childish.D. Traditional but helpful.27. Which is the best title of the passage?A. Veronika Scott.B. The Empowerment Plan.C. Design to Fill a Need.D. Look for Motivated People.CSeventh-grader Jonah Maxwell has become a local famous person after an anti-bullying (反霸凌) video he made became popular online.He wrote and directed a six-minute 30-second film with friends from school. Their faces cannot be seen in order to take back power from bullies (霸凌者) offending others on social media. “If it’s happened to you, you h ave to tell someone. If you are doing it, just think about this: It’s just as easy to be nice as it is to be mean and manners and respect cost nothing,” he said in the video. This social media has given bullying a new life far beyond fights in the school lunchroom or hallways. “It’s mainly happening through social media but there is physical and social bullying. I have seen people getting ‘booked’ in hallways –somebody gets bumped and the books fall all over the floor. The victim gets embarrassed.”Jonah has been interested in making videos since he was even younger. The first video he ever made was filmed with a Crayola camera when he was 6 years old. His dad is a filmmaker and he helped him with the final editing for his anti-bullying video.The youngster said he wants people to “speak up” and tell someone if they are being bullied. “Tell someone - it’s too hard to go through something like this alone,” he said.“The bullying sometimes never stops if there is social media involved - you don’t leave it behi nd you at the school gates. It’s scary for me to think what kids go through but what is worse is that the kids don’t feel they should or can tell. Jonah’s message clearly states it doesn’t have to be this way,” said Jonah’s mother Jenny Maxwell.Maxwell said teachers in the United States and abroad, including Brazil, Ireland, the United Kingdom and Australia, have been showing the video in school. “If it changes one person’s life it will have made a difference in our lives,” she said.28. What can we learn from Jonah’s anti-bullying video?A. His friends are shown faceless to protect their privacy.B. He thinks being kind and respectful requires little effort.C. Bullies are afraid to show their faces on social media.D. People are asked to report the bullies around them.29. What does the fact that people get “booked” in hallways show?A. Bullying is everywhere.B. Bullying mainly exists on social media.C. Physical bullying happens.D. Bullying in whatever form hurts the victim deeply.30. What is true about Jonah Maxwell from the article?A. He has become famous nationwide for his anti-bullying video.B. He made an anti-bullying video with the help of his mother.C. He has been interested in photography since he was 6 years old.D. He believes sharing an experience of being bullied helps people deal with it.31. What can we conclude from Jonah’s mother’s words?A. They hope to encourage people being bullied to speak up.B. They have no doubt that bullies will be educated by the video.C. They are proud that the video has spread to other countries in the world.D. They believe the video can only be said to be helpful if it has a big influence.DIt’s a bit like the old joke where a hospital patient is given the good news/bad news choice. “The bad news”, he is told, “is we have to remove your legs. The good news? The guy in the next bed wants to buy your sneakers.”So, let’s start with the good news. According to a survey conducted by industry commentators Skift, US travelers will spend more on vacations this year. The bad news is that they’ll be taking less vacations. These findings will impact on the whole travel industry, particularly on American vacation rental owners and on owners of US rentals who live abroad.Out of those that responded to the survey, around 27% said they plan to spend more on their vacations during the next six months over the same period last year. This represents a 23% increase. It’s thought that the strengthening dollar and low gas prices have caused this optimism among travelers.On the downside, the survey indicates that only 66% of Americans plan to take at least one vacation trip during the next six months - down from 69% last year. When asked “Are you planning on taking a vacation this summer?” 62% said they will not be taking a vacation this summer at all. Over half said they couldn’t afford a vacation. Only 16% said they are taking the long summer vacation, while about 23 percent said they plan on taking short breaks on weekendsthrough this summer.Among the reasons for the drop-off in vacations is pressure from the economy - people do not like to be seen taking time away from their jobs. So, what can American owners expect this summer and for the rest of this year? On the strength of these findings, they might have fewer guests - though not a big reduction. Meanwhile, there could be more demand for shorter breaks and guests could be spending more. But it all confirms a depressing American trend towards less vacations for hardworking Americans.32. Why does the author mention the old joke in the first paragraph?A. To make people laugh.B. To show sympathy to the patient.C. To attract more readers.D. To describe an unusual experience.33. What does the underlined word “downside” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?A. Vacation.B. Disadvantage.C. Journey.D. Optimism.34. What can we infer from the passage?A. Some Americans are too lazy to take a vacation.B. Americans will spend less on vacations this year.C. American rental owners may earn more money by charging higher rents.D. Some respondents choose not to take this summer vacation for lack of money.35. What is the passage mainly about?A. America’s economy.B. The findings of a survey.C. Good news and bad news.D. Americans taking a vacation.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。