2023届上海奉贤区高三二模英语试卷及答案(不含听力原文)

2023届上海奉贤区高三二模英语试卷考生注意:1.考试时间120分钟，试卷满分140分。

2.本次考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。

所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。

3．务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上。

I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. Twice a day.B. Thirty minutes a day.C. Twice a week.D. Thirty minutes a week.2. A. In the bookstore.B. In the zoo.C. In the museum.D. In the library.3. A. Forty yuan.B. Thirty yuan.C. Thirty-five yuan.D. Forty-five yuan.4. A. A painter.B. A tailor.C. A hair-dresser.D. An architect.5. A. He is not lazy at all.B. He prefers online shopping.C. He's on the way to a physical store.D. He considers shopping offline a waste of time.6. A. Maybe Edward will be late.B. Nobody will be here on time.C. Edward will certainly be here on time.D. He is not sure about Edward's arrival time.7. A. She preferred to go to work on foot.B. She had to save money for her journey.C. She didn't like the culture of the company.D. She thought the trip to her work time-consuming.8. A. The woman should buy some new clothes.B. The woman should not worry about her weight.C. The woman should lose 10 pounds as soon as possible.D. The woman should gain 5 more pounds for a better look.9. A. The man did very well in the exam.B. The woman wants to help the man.C. The woman owes the man some money.D. The man helped the woman before the exam.10. A. Only true friendship can last long.B. Letter writing is going out of style.C. She has lost contact with most of her old friends.D. She keeps in regular touch with her old classmates.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two passages and one longer conversation. After each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the bestanswer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. Provide free meals to the local poor.B. Help people connect with each other.C. Help eliminate class difference in his area.D. Provide customers with first-class service.12. A. It does not use volunteers.B. It is open around the clock.C. It does not supervise its employees.D. It donates regularly to a local charity.13. A. They will see the importance of communication.B. They will come to the cafe even more frequently.C. They will care less about their own background.D. They will find they have something in common.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Because both are enjoyable.B. Because both are essential to life.C. Because both writers and cooks can earn a good living.D. Because both writers and cooks have to work long hours.15. A. Because they rely on quick notes.B. Because they have a computer to do it.C. Because they have excellent secretaries.D. Because they prefer making phone calls.16. A. Writing is a long process full of pains.B. Practicing writing is of great importance.C. Practicing writing is an inspiration to cooking.D. Writing shares common features with cooking.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. He fell down but without serious injury.B. He was obviously experienced in skiing.C. He was neither good at skating nor skiing.D. He had no problem standing up with skis on.18. A. Learn advanced skiing techniques.B. Attend a basic skating class for a try.C. Take a skiing class for beginners.D. Ask the staff for further information.19. A. Walking.B. Jumping.C. sliding.D. Turning.20. A. Start to learn skiing from the man.B. Start to learn fundamental ski skills.C. Start to learn how to skate on the ice.D. Start to learn how to skate on the ground.II. Grammar and vocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Are exclamation marks necessary?!Punctuation is so important in writing that it is one of the first things you learn in school. It isa universal code with different marks to help with the meaning of (21) ______ is being written. As is known to us，it (22) ______ indicate the end of a sentence, a question or - in the exclamation mark's case -a strong emotion. Without an exclamation mark in the correct place, a warning road sign might read, “Children please drive slowly” (23) ______ “Children! Please drive slowly".An exclamation mark is a valid form of punctuation (24) ______ origin can be traced back to a 14th century Italian scholar. The exclamation mark informs the reader that there are strong feelings in the words. Although it is up to the reader (25) ______(grasp) exactly what that emotion is, it's a useful signal. Also, exclamation marks on road signs help to keep peoplesafe. As punctuation expert Philip Cowell writes, "There's a meaningful difference between ‘duck' and ‘duck!' Of course，using them too much (26) ______(make) exclamation marks lose their purpose but that doesn't mean they are useless.However，(27) ______ matters how punctuation is used. Some writers argue that exclamation marks are never truly necessary. Famous author Terry Pratchett writes that someone who uses multiple exclamation marks is likely to wear “underpants on his head". Perhaps this is because they seem shouty and forced，(28) ______(give) away a writer's need to tell the reader how to read a sentence. It's (29) ______(good) to leave them out and let the reader react to the words on their own terms. A good writer can create emotions with just words and sentences, (30) ______ that's fear，wonder or joy. Exclamation marks make the writer seem desperate and can be tiring to read. One writer described them as “the cockroach of the punctuation world", meaning they are everywhere, and they are pests.Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Wil Al be the first to discover ET or alien life?From the hills of West Virginia to the flats of rural Australia，some of the world's largest telescopes are listening for signals from distant alien civilizations. The search for extraterrestrial(地球外的) intelligence, known as SETI, is an effort to find signals that might have come from a(n) 31_____ civilization in a far-away solar system. Machine learning, a subset of artificial intelligence (AI), is used to help astronomers quickly filter the vast amounts of data. As Al reshapes many scientific fields, what 32_____ does it hold for the search for life beyond Earth?“It is a new era for SETI research that is opening up thanks to machine-learning technology," says Franck March is, a planetary astronomer at the SETI Institute in Mountain View, California. When it comes to analyzing data，going through millions of observations 33_____ isn't practical. A common 34_____ method is to use algorithms(算法) that look forsignals matching astronomers’ expectation. But those algorithms can overlook 35_____ interesting signals that are slightly different from what astronomers are expecting.When it comes to AI, machine-learning algorithms are __36_on large amounts of data and can learn to recognize the Earthly interference. Thus, it makes them very good at 37_____ out the noise. Machine learning is also good at picking up the extraterrestrial signals that don't fall into conventional 38_____ and so might have been missed by earlier methods，says Dan Werthimer, a SETl scientist at the University of California, Berkeley. Peter Ma, a mathematician and physicist at the University of Toronto, Canada, agrees. "We can 't always be 39_____ what ET might send to us," he says.Still，SETI will probably continue to use a mixture of classical and machine-learning 40_____ to screen through data，says Jean-Luc Margot,，an astronomer at UCLA. Classical algorithms remain excellent at picking up candidate signals，and machine learning is “not a cure-all", he says. "The machines can't do it all, yet," agrees Werthimer.m. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.One summer midnight several years ago, standing outside a wooden cabin in Michigan River, l looked up. The sky was filled with thousands of stars, the sight of which was almost enough to make me, a non-believer, offer a word of 41_____ up into the star-filled sky. But to whom? Perhaps to Johan Eklof, author of The Darkness Manifesto.As a bat scientist, Eklof's work on bats requires a specific kind of darkness—the 42_____ kind, unpolluted by light. But this category of darkness is 43_____. In the 1980s, Eklof tells readers，two-thirds of the churches in Sweden's southwest housed bat colonies. Not any longer. “Today, fort y years later, research l've done with my colleagues shows that this number has been reduced by a third, 44_____ light pollution and other factors. Because the churches are all 45_____ like carnivals(嘉年华) in the night," he writes. "We are surrounding ourselves with light.”Excess light is incredibly 46_____ to the complex eco-systems nocturnal (夜间活动的) animals inhabit. It 47_____ away the bats that Eklof studies. It frightens light-sensitive moths,leaving them easily 48_____ to predation(捕食) or flying endlessly into lights that will never return their love. Baby turtles crawl away from the shoreline toward the lights of distant coastal cities and reef fish eggs go unhatched. Birds do not migrate 49_____ and even they forget to sing. Modern advancements such as LED lights could significantly reduce some of the worst impacts, but they have not. At least, not yet.lt is worth mentioning that middle-aged writer like Eklof can 50_____ for a darker world—for darkened campuses and unlit parking lots. But darkness is not safe for everyone. We need to address the social issues that make lighted places so 51_____ in the first place.The bottom line: We can change if we want to. Some of the solutions to light pollution—motion-detecting lights, shielded lights that do not 52_____ light upward, artificial light with wavelengths that is similar to natural light-are already within our grasp, if we just 53_____ them. "We could just turn it all off, but I guess we don't want to," said Eklof in a recent interview. “54_____, it's vital we find a middle way.”Right now it is hard to know what that middle way might look like. In 50 years, every city could be equipped with an array of programmed and 55_____ low-impact LED lights. Or we might have completely forgotten what darkness is—the sky filled with little moons.41. A. honor B. gratitude C. optimism D. determination42. A. artificial B. brilliant C. faint D. absolute43. A. achieved B. distracted C. enhanced D. threatened44. A. resulting from B. bringing about C. judging by D. contributing to45. A. decorated B. restored C. lit D. faded46. A. effective B. sensitive C. positive D. destructive47. A. scares B. blows C. pulls D. turns48. A. accustomed B. subject C. available D. restricted49. A. on duty B. in turn C. on time D. in public50. A. stimulate B. advocate C. negotiate D. account51. A. challenging B. appealing C. demanding D. outstanding52. A. absorb B. stretch C. transform D. reflect53. A. reach for B. apply to C. long for D. adapt to54. A. Therefore B. Furthermore C. However D. Instead55. A. fundamentally B. scientifically C. environmentally D. economically Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)When I was so small that my head barely touched the windowsill, we lived in the evergreen forests of Vermont. Our home was far, far away from any town or city, but that was the way we liked it.Some winters, it got so cold that the river would freeze, which was unusual for water like that, water which ran so fast and deep. It felt as though time had stopped near the river, and so it had decided to become solid, settling in to wait for spring. We liked to skate on that river，my grandfather and l, even though the ice was uneven and his brown leather skates was so old.One night, in the most frigid winter my young mind could recall, long after l should have been asleep, I caught my grandfather sneaking out of the front door, his ancient leather skates in his hands. He looked sheepish when he saw me, like I had caught him doing something silly, but I was so young that I thought no adult could ever do wrong. Especially not my grandfather, because he was the model of wisdom in my eyes.“Grandpa, where are you going?" l asked.“Skating on the river.”“Why would you go out now? We did that yesterday morning."He looked a little thoughtful, and then he said: "It's just that when you go out there, on the coldest, stillest night of the year, and you lie on your back on the thick, bubbled river ice, you can hear them.”“Hear who?”“The fish. Trapped there under the ice. You can hear them singing their watery winter song. And if you hold your breath, you can almost hear the stars singing in harmony."56. The underlined word “sheepish” is closest in meaning to “_______”.A. quietB. calmC. frightenedD. embarrassed57. Why did my grandfather sneak out that cold midnight?A. To enjoy the charm of a peaceful night.B. To perfect his skating skills by practice.C. To catch the fish trapped under the ice.D. To breathe the fresh air in the forest.58. What can we infer from the passage?A. It was unusual for a fast-flowing river to freeze in midwinter.B. My grandfather and I enjoyed skating because of the uneven ice.C. I admired my grandfather for his wisdom and outlook on life.D. I was glad to hear the stars singing together with my grandfather.59. The author writes the passage mainly to _______.A. describe the joy of living in a mountainous areaB. highlight how embracing nature can purify usC. keep record of the carefree childhood memoriesD. explain why skating is such an appealing sport(B)60. The target readers of the passage are probably _______.A. The ski athletesB. The outdoor loversC. The environmentalistsD. The sports retailers61. Which of the following statement is TRUE according to the passage?A. Both kinds of boots mentioned in the passage have two different widths.B. The latest big pack from Sierra Designs has a fixed back system.C. The Vasque Breeze hiking boot is both eco-friendly and waterproof.D. The Dawn Turn 1.0 Jacket won the innovation award at ISPO.62. In the boots production, which order is correct based on the carbon emissions of the materials?A. Polymer > Pebax Renew >Fossil-based PlasticsB. Fossil-based Plastics > Pebax Renew > PolymerC. Fossil-based Plastics > Polymer >Pebax RenewD. Polymer >Fossil-based Plastics >Pebax Renew(C)My 21-year-old niece, a second-year undergraduate，mentioned that she watches video lectures offline at twice the normal speed. Struck by this, I asked some other students I know. Many now routinely speed up their lectures when learning offline —often by 1.5 times, sometimes by even more. Speed learning is not for everyone, but there are websites where students discuss how odd it will be once they return to the lecture theatre. One contributorwrote: “Normal speed now sounds like drunk speed.”Education was adapting to the digital world long before Covid-19 but, as with so many other human activities, the pandemic has given learning a huge push towards the virtual. Overnight, schools and universities closed and teachers and students had to find ways to do what they do only via the internet. "This is a time for schools and systems to reimagine education without schooling o r classrooms,” says Professor Yong Zhao. Dr Jim Waterstone in Australia thinks that, while the traditional classroom is still alive and well, education needs to be more adventurous and flexible. Earlier this year, Zhao and Waterstone co-authored a paper in which they identified some major changes that should happen in education post-lockdown.The first concerns the content，which should emphasize such things as creativity，critical thinking and leadership, rather than the collection and storage of information. "For humans to progress in the age of smart machines, it is essential that they do not compete with machines." they wrote, "Instead, they need to be more human."The second is that students should have more control over their learning, with the teacher's role shifting from instructor to supervisor of learning resources, advisor and motivator. This is where so-called “active learning” comes in with a growing body of research suggesting that comprehension and memory are better when students learn in a hands-on way —through discussion and interactive technologies, for example. It's also where the concept of “productive failure” applies. Professor Manu Kapurin argues that students learn better from their own or others' failed attempts to solve a problem before or even instead of being told how to solve it.lf the progress of the times is unable to hold back the coming revolution in education, it seems unlikely that the traditional classroom is going to have any luck in its attempts trying to turnback the clock. As Laurillard puts it," lt took a global pandemic to drive home what we've been saying for 20 years?63. By giving examples of “speed learning” in the first paragraph, the author wants to show that _______.A. digital world is dramatically reforming the way of learning.B. speed learning completely replaces normal speed learning.C. returning to the lecture theatre is strange after speed learning.D. education begins to adapt to digital world after Covid-19.64. According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?A. It is essential for smart machines to be more human.B. Students should possess more information about creativity.C. Students value others failure over their own failure.D. "Active learning" calls for diverse ways of involvement.65. According to Zhao and Waterstone, the major changes in education should include①learning mode ②learning motive ③learning attitude ④learning focusA.①④B.②③c.①③D.②④66. According to the passage, what does the author most probably agree with?A. Speed learning harms students' learning efficiency.B. The coming revolution in education is irreversible.C. Teachers will play a less important role in the future.D. The traditional classrooms will eventually disappear.Section cDirections: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Flamingos (火烈鸟) make long friendshipsWhen it comes to making friends，humans often seek people with similar interests and personalities. 67_____. The long-legged birds can form friendships that last for years, and they depend on their friends for support when they fall out with rivals.Scientist Dr Paul Rose had already spotted that flamingos seemed to form narrow exclusive circles. 68_____. To find out why flamingos befriend some but not others, they studied both Chilean and Caribbean flamingos living in a nature reserve in Gloucestershire, England.Each bird wore a ring around one leg with a unique code to tell them apart. McCully spent months studying their behavior and built a personality profile for each flamingo. She found that confident, aggressive flamingos walked proudly around in their friendship groups，while the quieter birds carefully avoid those individuals. 69_____.McCully and Rose found that for the Caribbean birds, personality seemed to matter more in friendships than it did for Chilean flamingos. Caribbean birds were more likely to defend their friends and the confident ones had much larger social groups than the quieter birds. There searchers found this surprising because in many ways，including body shape and how they search for food in the wild, the two species are very similar.70_____. In that case, all personality types are represented and each flamingo has the chance to find a like-minded friend. McCully and Rose said, "If humans require friendships to be happy, is it really such a great leap to think that flamingos might need the same?”IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.71. How your unique story can get you hired?You're sitting at your computer to apply for your dream job，but suddenly you're not confident enough to get it. So you don 't even submit the application. It is natural for you to experience self-doubt at such a crucial moment，especially if you're people of color，first generation college student, or you don't have a traditional background. The secret is to transform how you perceive your own story.Ask yourself two questions. The first one: why do you want to do this work? Maybe you already know the kind of job or work environment that makes you happy, or maybe youhaven't quite figured that out yet. Usually, your personal experiences can help give you clues. For example, your brother had to overcome his dyslexia(诵读困难症), and you helped him with his reading. Gradually, you became interested in education. That motivated you to work as a teacher.The second question you have to ask yourself: how can you tell your story to exhibit the unique qualities you have? For example, you undertook multiple jobs unrelated to your major while you were in college. When you're in an interview, go ahead and talk about them, because it will show the employer that you have time management skills and a strong passion for work. Employers are looking for well-rounded individuals that are capable of accomplishing various job tasks.Go back and reflect on those tough questions that you need to answer. The answers are what makes you. Reframing your story can remake your confidence over and over again, but it takes time. It's like running a marathon. You have to train and practice. When you learn to practice your story, tell it with assurance. You're sure to stand out among all the candidates. V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72.大多数人习惯于通过GPS来定位目的地，并规划路线。