最新【小升初英语语法大全-小升初语法知识及练习】

最新【小升初英语语法大全-小升初语法知识及练习】
最新【小升初英语语法大全-小升初语法知识及练习】

专题一字母

概述

英语中有26个字母。其中有5个元音字母和剩余的20个辅音字母。Y y 为半元音字母,有时用作元音字母,有时用作辅音字母。

小热身: 1. 按顺序默写出26个字母的大小写, 并画出元音字母和半元音字母.

2. 根据你所掌握的字母知识, 完成下列各题。

(1) 六个两笔完成的小写字母是_____,i , j , _____ , _____ , x

(2) 五个元音字母的大小写形式是_____ , Ee , _____ , _____ , ______

(3) 六个三笔完成的大写字母是____ , E , ____ , H , I , ____

字母及读音

字母的大写

★英文句中首单词首字母要大写。

例: H ow are you ?

★人名中名和姓的首字母要大写。

例: J im G reen , W ang Y adan

★国名、城市名的首字母要大写。

例: C hina , Z hengzhou

★语言及民族首字母要大写。

例: E nglish , C hinese

★职务或称呼的首字母要大写。

例: D r W ang , M iss L i

★专用名词的首字母要大写。

例: C lass T wo , G rade S ix

★表示“ 我”的单词(主格) , 即“ I ” , 无论在什么情况下都要大写。

例: Lucy and I are friends.

三.常见缩略词

Mon.星期一Tue.星期二Wed.星期三Thur.星期四Fri.星期五Sat.星期六Sun.星期日

Jan.一月Feb.二月Mar.三月Apr.四月Jun.六月Jul.七月

Aug.八月Sept.九月Oct.十月Nov.十一月Dec.十二月

A.M.(a.m.)上午P.M.(p.m.)下午WC厕所UN联合国TV

电视USA美国CCTV中国中央电视台OK好,行IT信息技术

RMB人民币CD光盘VIP重要人物ID身份证

WTO世界贸易组织ABC基础知识UFO不明飞行物

强化练习

一. 写出下列字母的左邻右舍。

____d____;O____ _____;_____L_____;____ ____X;____ Hh_____;____N___;V____ ____;____Dd___;r ____ ____;Mm ____ ____;___Oo___; a ____ ____;___ Ff ___;___ Xx ____;Kk ____ ____;___ i___ ;q ____ ____ ;___ t___ ;____ Pp ____;____ Rr ____ ;

二. 写出下列字母的大写或小写形式。

B___ d____ f____ G____ Q____;I____ Y____ n_____ h____ L____ t____ K___ R____ O___ v__ J_;a____ C____ m____ w____ Z____ 三.选词填空。

1.______morning!(Good ,good )

2.Is ________your ruler ?(this ,This )

3.Yes ,______am.(i ,I )

4.I want to go to ____________.(shanghai ,Shanghai )

5.How old are you ,____________?(Kate ,kate )

6.This is ___________.(miss Wang ,Miss Wang )

7.I am in ___________.(class one ,Class One )

8.____________ do you do ?(How ,how )

9.I am ___________.(Hu SuJie ,Hu Sujie )

10.She comes from ___________.(japan ,Japan )

11.I can speak ___________.(Chinese ,chinese )

12.She is in _________________.(Grade four ,Grade Four )

13.What is this in ____________?(English ,english )

14.Jim,______is Lucy.(This ,this )

四.选择正确答案。

()1.下面哪个字母是元音字母?

A.Bb B.Yy C.Oo D.Hh ()2.Basketball中共有______个辅音字母?

A.6 B.7 C.8 D.9 ()3.字母g占四线三格的______

A. 第二格B.第一、二格C.第二、三格D.第一、二、三格

()4.eye中共有______个元音字母?

A.1 B.2 C.3 D.0 ()5.字母f占四线三格的______

A.第三格B.第一、二格C.第二、三格D.第一、二、三格

()6.字母H书写时由______笔完成?

A.1 B.2 C.3 D.4 ()7.下列字母中上端顶第一线的字母是______

A.e B.g C.d D.m ()8.下列字母中书写时由两笔完成的是______

A.J B.D C.W D.G ()9.umbrella中共有______个元音字母?

A.1 B.2 C.3 D.4 ()10.字母q在四线格里的位置与下列哪个字母相同?

A.r B.d C.f D.p 五.根据中文选择正确的词。

1.联合国()A.UK B.UN C.USA

2.一月()A.Jan B.Jan.C.Jane

3.医生()A.doctor B.Docter C.Doctor

4.星期日()A.Saturday B.Sun.C.Sat.

5.五年级()A.grade five B.Grade five C.Grade Five 6.3班()A.class three B.Class Three C.Class three 7.法国()A.french B.French C.France 8.北京()A.BeiJing B.Beijing C.beijing 9.厕所()A.Wc B.wc C.WC 10.九月()A.september B.Sept. C.Sep.六.判断正误,正确的写“ T ”,错误的写“ F ”,并加以改正。

()1.字母a由两笔写成。_____________________

()2.student里只有u,e两个元音字母。_____________________

()3.mother里只有3个辅音字母。____________________

()4.M书写时由三笔完成。____________________

()5.字母e 占四线三格的第二格。____________________

()6.Z书写时由一笔完成。____________________

()7.G书写时由两笔完成。____________________

()8.J 的书写是由两笔完成的。____________________

()9.young里有1个半元音字母,2个元音字母,2个辅音字母

___________________ ()10.excellent里有3个元音字母。______________________ 七.请将一周七天的缩写词按周日到周六的顺序填写在表格里。

八.请将十二月份的缩写词按顺序写在下面横线上。

____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________

专题二语音

一.英语中共有48个音素, 元音有20 个, 辅音有28 个。记录英语音素的符号叫音标。音标必须写在/ / 内。

★有的音素发音时, 声带振动叫做浊音。

★有的音素发音时, 声带不振动,叫做清音。

★含有一个响亮音素的声音片段, 叫做一个音节。英语里的元音音素都是响亮音素, 所以一般来说,凡是含有一个元音音素的声音片段构成一个音节。

★开音节:以元音结尾的音节。例:me /m i:/

★闭音节:以辅音结尾的音节。例:at / ?t /

二. 读音规则

★五个元音字母在开音节和闭音节中的发音情况

开音节例词闭音节例词

Aa /e?/ name, face , take /?/ am , man , and , at

Ee /i:/ be , me , bee /e/ pen , ten , let , tell

Ii /ai/ nice , like , life /i/ his , it , in

Oo/??/ home , cola /?/ not , long , lot ,stop

Uu/ju: / use / ?/ sun , up , us , but

★元音字母a的组合发音

ai 读作/e?/ 例:train ,again ,pain

air读作/e?/ 例:chair,air ,hair

al读作/?:/ 例:all ,also ,wall

]ay读作/e?/ 例:day , play

★元音字母o的组合发音

oa读作/??/例:coat, boat

oo读作/u:/例:food , room , school

在k之前或t , d之前读作/?/ 例:book , look , good , foot

or读作/?:/ 例:report , short ,sport 读作/ ?: /(w后) 例:word ,work ,world

ou读作/??/例:sound , out , around

读作/u:/例:you , soup , group

oi和oy读作/?i/例:boy, point

ow读作/a?/例:how, now

读作/??/ 例:know , snow , show

ore 读作/?:/ 例:more , store

our 读作/?:/例:your , four

★元音字母e的组合发音

ea读作/i:/ 例:eat , please , cream

ee 读作/i:/ 例:green , need , see

er读作/ ?:/ 例:her , hers , girl

ear读作/??/ 例:hear , ear , clear

eer读作/??/例:engineer

★元音字母i的组合发音

ir读作/ ?:/例:birth , first

igh 读作/ai/ 例:high , night

ie读作/ai/ 例:lie

★半元音字母y的组合发音

ye在词尾读作/ai/ 例:bye

★元音字母u的组合发音

u在u之前, 在b,p,f之后读作/?/ 例: pull , full

u 在sh之前,在b,p,f之后读作/?/ 例: push

r,l,j等加u的开音节读作/u:/ 例: ruler , true

★辅音字母组合的发音

ch 读作/t?/ 例: much

读作/ k/例: school

ck 读作/ k/例: clock

dr 读作/dr/ 例: draw

ds 读作/dz/例: beds , cards

gh读作/f/ 例: laugh

kn读作/n/ 例: know

ng 读作/?/例: English

ph读作/f/ 例: phone

sh读作/?/ 例: sheep , ship

tr 读作/tr/例: try , trip

ts读作/ts/ 例: hats , bats

wh 读作/ h/ 例: who , whose

强化练习

一.选出每组词中画线部分读音不同于其他选项的那一项。

( ) 1. A.bag B.thank C.glass D.map ( ) 2. A.good B.food C.look D.book ( ) 3. A.late B.at C.bat D.cat

( ) 4. A.English B.thank C.think D.night ( ) 5. A.desk B.pencil C.eat D.pen

( ) 6. A.cup B.mum C.summer D.use

( ) 7. A.I B.life C.live D.hi

( ) 8. A.go B.old C.from D.no

( ) 9. A.do B.two C.who D.clock ( ) 10. A.how B.know C.snow D.show 二.根据画线部分的读音,选择正确的音标。

( ) 1. great A./e/ B./e?/ C./i:/

( ) 2. good A./u:/ B./ju: / C./?/

( ) 3. how A./a?/ B./??/ C./e?/

( ) 4. mum A./ju: / B./u:/ C./ ?/

( ) 5. clock A./??/ B./?/ C./u:/

( ) 6. run A./ju: / B./u:/ C./ ?/

( ) 7. want A./e?/ B./e/ C./?/

( ) 8. boat A./??/ B./a?/ C./?/

( ) 9. more A./?:/ B./a?/ C./u:/

( )10. boy A./?i/ B./??/ C./e?/

( )11. farmer A./?/ B./ɑ:/ C./?:/

( )12.city A./ k/ B./s/ C./z/

三.判断每组词中画线部分的发音是否相同,相同的画“√”, 不同的画“×”。

()1.cup mum summer ()2. all also call ()3.music student run ()4.bus put but

()5.lost clock rock ()6.age at bat ()7.want class glass ()8.he me let ()9.day play May ()10.like rice price 四.看每组单词,用“√”表示出画线字母与所给字母发音一致的单词。

1.Aa and ()lake()2.Ee eat()leg()3.Ii like ()live ()4.Oo from()go()5.Uu bus ()music ()6.Ee be ()make()7.Oo come()hope ()8.Ii dry ()happy()五.拼读音标,在括号内写出相应单词的序号。

()1.∕deit∕ A.river

()2.∕n ju:z∕ B.cloud

()3.∕ kla?d∕ C.soup

()4.∕t?e?∕ D.news

()5.∕sep‵temb?∕ E.sky

()6.∕desk∕ F.September

()7.∕skai∕ G.date

()8.∕s u:p∕ H.picture

()9.∕‵pikt??∕ I.desk

()10.∕‵nev?∕ J.chair

()11.∕‵riv?∕ K.never

六.读单词,在括号中写出每组画线部分发音不同的单词序号。

()1.A.cap B.circle C.city

()2.A.listen B.write C.white

()3.A.she B.late C.we

()4.A.farmer B.sister C.her

()5.A.grade B.lake C.ladder

()6.A.three B.sweater C.meet

()7.A.year B.ear C.there

()8.A.how B.now C.show

()9.A.art B.star C.any

()10.A.good B.look C.who

专题三名词

概念:表示人或事物名称的词,叫做名词。

名词的分类

名词分两大类:

★普通名词:是某一类人、某一类事物、某种物质或抽象概念的名称。如:

student学生water水machine机器happiness 快乐

★专有名词:是个人、团体、地方、机构或事物的名称,开头字母要大写。

如:M ike迈克C hina中国the G reat W all长城

名词又分为可数名词和不可数名词。可数名词有单数和复数之分,不可数名词一般不分单数和复数。

如:可数名词:boy(单数)boys(复数)

不可数名词:juice ,rice ,meat

注意:表示一个人或事物用单数,表示一个以上的人或事物用复数。

名词复数的构成法

不规则名词变化法则

man –men ;woman –women ;tooth–teeth ;foot–feet ;mouse–mice ;

sheep–sheep ;fish –fish ;child –children ;Chinese–Chinese ;

名词的所有格

注意:★表示几个人共同拥有的,只需要在最后一个名词后加’s 。

★表示各自拥有时,需要在每个名词后都加’s 。

强化练习

七.写出下列各单词的复数形式。

1. glass __________

2. family __________

3. wolf __________

4. country_________

5.radio__________

6. photo __________

7. fox __________ 8.fridge __________ 9.bus__________

10. box__________ 11.watch__________ 12.brush _________

13.policeman__________14.farm__________ 15.fish __________

16.sandwich__________ 17. apple __________ 18.foot __________

19.ruler __________ 20.tooth __________

二.画横线,选出下列正确的单词或词组。

1.Do you drink much(milk ,milks )?

2.I visited (Jim ,Jim’s )house yesterday.

3.This is (Tom and Mary’s ,Tom’s and Mary’s )house.

4.He had two(cup ,cups )of tea.

5.Those(books ,book )are on the desk.

6.Look at this(boy ,boys ).

7.That(dogs ,dog )is mine.

8.Would you like some(bananas ,banana )?

9.The sperm whale has 50(tooth ,teeth ).

10.These (shoes ,shoe )are very nice.

三.选择填空。

()1.This is ______room.

A.Jack and Lucy B.Jack and Lucy’s

C.Jack’s and Lucy’s D.Jack’s and Lucy

()2.She is a good _____.

A.student B.students C.boy D.boys ()3.I want two _____.

A.pencil–box B.pencil–boxes C.pencils–box D.pencils–boxes

()4.How many _____ do you have?

A.friend B.friends C.friendes D.friend’s ()5.These _____ are Judy’s.

A.fish B.fishes C.fishs D.fish’s ()6.Look at those ____.

A.child B.childs C.children D.childrens ()7.He has two big ____.

A.eye B.eyes C.eyees D.eye’s ()8.He is Jeff’s ____.

A.brothers B.brother C.brotheres D.brother’s ()9.— ____is this pen ?

—It’s Wang Fang’s.

A.Who’s B.Whose C.Where D.Which ()10.____birthday is September 5th.

A. Her mother

B. her moth er’s

C. Her mothers’

D. Her mother’s 四.将下列表示单数的句子改成复数的句子。

1. This is a boy.______________________________________________

2.Do you have a new rubber?_______________________________________ 一.There is one apple in my hand.__________________________________________ 二.That is her watch.______________________________________________

三.She has a camera and umbrella._____________________________________ 四.There is a plane in the sky.__________________________________________

五.圈出句子中的错误并改正。

1.I don’t like orange juices.It is sour.()2.There is an old books in my bag.()3.Bananas is my favorite fruit.()4.They go to school on feet.()5.There are many photoes of my family.()六.连词成句。

1. teacher is strong My and tall ( . )

_____________________________________________

2. teacher This science is new our ( . )

_____________________________________________

3. there bedrooms How are many ( ? )

_____________________________________________

4. lake The jumped the dog into ( . )

_____________________________________________

5. is What your hobby ( ? )

_____________________________________________

9.阅读理解。

Tom is seven.He goes to school every day.The school is near his home,so he goes there on foot and comes back home on time(按时).But today he is late.His mother asks him“ Why are you late today ?”

“ I am in the headmaster’s office(校长办公室).”

“ Why do you go to the headmaster’s office?”

“ Because my teacher asks us a question in the class.Nobody (没人)can answer it ,

but I can.”

“It is good to answer the teacher’s question.”

“But the question is who puts ink on my chair.”

根据短文内容,回答问题。

五.Is Tom’s home far from his school?

_______________________________________________

2. How does he go to school ?

_______________________________________________

3. Does Tom often come back home late?

_______________________________________________

4. Only Tom can answer the question ,can’t he?

_______________________________________________

5. Is it good for Tom to do it ?

_______________________________________________

专题四形容词

一.形容词的用法

★形容词用来修饰名词,表示名词的属性, 一般放在它所修饰的名词前。例: a big garden ; an old picture

★形容词也用来表示人或事物的性质、特征和状态。

例: The ruler is long . The boy is tall .

★形容词的比较级和最高级(比较级用于两者间的比较,最高级用于三者及三者以上的比较)。

例: He is taller than me . He is the tallest one in our class.

二.规则形容词比较级和最高级的构成

★一般情况下在词尾加er或est : tall er , small est

★以e结尾的单词在词尾加r或st : large r , nice st

★末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词,双写末尾字母加er或est: big g er ,thin n est

★以辅音字母加y结尾的,要把y变为i后加er或est: heav ier,heav iest

★双音节词和多音节词, 在词前加more或most: more interesting ,

most interesting

三.常见不规则形容词的比较级和最高级

well /good —better — best; much /many—more — most

bad / badly—worse — worst ; far —farther — farthest

强化练习

1.找出各组单词中与其他三个不属于同一类的一项。

( ) 1. A.bigger B.younger C.longer D.driver

( ) 2. A.weight B.hair C.foot D.arm

( ) 3. A.I B.you C.than D.they

( ) 4. A.long B.tail C.big D.heavy

( ) 5. A.meter B.whale C.bird D.shark 2.请写出下列单词的比较级和最高级形式。

1. tall ( ) 6. old ( )

2. short ( ) 7. young ( )

3. big ( ) 8.good ( )

4. small ( ) 9.thin ( )

5.heavy ( ) 10.strong ( )

3.单项选择。

()1.Who is ____than you ?

A.heavy B.heavyer C.heavier ()2.My arms are longer than ___.

A.you B.your C.yours ()3.My little sister is four years ____ than me.

A.small B.young C.younger ()4.My fish is smaller than ___.

A.Tom B.Tom’s C.Toms’()5.Mike is 45kg.He is ____than John.

A.thin B.thiner C.thinner ()6.Amy is taller ____ Sue.

A.than B.then C.that ()7.I am bigger and ____than you.

A.strong B.stronger C.strongger ()8.Your dog is smaller than ___.

A.mine B.my C.I

()9.How big are your ____ ?

A.foot B.feet C.foots ()10.He is a good ___.

A.swim B.swimer C.swimmer

4.下列各句中均有一处错误, 请找出并改正在后面的横线上。

()1.I’ m taller than this giraffes!________________________

A B C D

()2.It’s tail is longer.________________________

A B C D

()3.You’ re taller than you brother.________________________

A B C D

()4.Which monkey does you like?________________________

A B C D

()5.My arm are longer than yours.________________________

A B C D

()6.I am biger and taller than you.________________________

A B C D

()7.A sperm whale has 50 tooth.________________________

A B C D

()8.My fish is smaller than Sarahs.________________________

A B C D

五.阅读对话,选择填空。

Mary:Do you have a sister ,Lucy ?

Lucy:Yes,I do.Her name is Lily.

Mary:Is she taller than you?

Lucy:Yes,she is.She is the tallest one in her class.

Mary:Is she heavier than you?

Lucy:Yes,she is bigger and stronger than me.

Mary:Does she have longer hair than you?

Lucy:No,her hair is a little shorter than mine.

Mary:Does she like singing?

Lucy:Yes,she does.Her voice is beautiful.She is the best singer in her class.

()1.Lucy is_______ than Lily.

A.tall B.taller C.short D.shorter ()2.Lily is the ________one in her class.

A.tallest B.heaviest C.shortest D.youngest ()3.Lucy’s hair is a little longer than_______.

A.Mary B.Mary’s C.Lily D.Lily ’s ()4.Lily_______ singin g.

A.like B.likes C.don’t like D.doesn’t ()5.Lily is Lucy’s______.

A.friend B.classmate C.sister D.brother

()6.Lucy’s sister is the best______ in her class.

A.swimmer B.singer C.dancer D.player 六.阅读理解。

Dad:Which monkey do you like?

Ben:I like the yellow one.It is taller than the brown one.

Dad:Which monkey is stronger?

Ben:The yellow monkey is taller.The brown monkey is stronger.

Dad:I like the little monkey.It is younger.Its tail is 38cm long.

Ben:I think the little monkey is only 40 cm tall.

Dad:I think the yellow monkey is 150cm tall.

Ben:It is shorter than me.

Dad:The monkey is shorter but you are funnier.

根据对话内容,判断正(T)误(F)。

()1.The yellow monkey is taller and stronger than the brown monkey.

()2.The little monkey is younger.Its tail is 40cm long.

()3.The yellow monkey is taller than Ben.

()4.Ben is funnier than the monkey.

()5.The little monkey is 150cm tall.

专题五动词

be动词

1〉表示存在状态的为be动词。在英语中有三种基本形式: am , is , are.根据不同的主语要选用不同的be动词。

如: I am ten years old.

Are you hungry ?

口诀: “我”用am ,“你”用are , is用于“他、她、它”, 凡是复数要用are。

注意: 如果句子主语是不可数名词 , 那么be动词要选用is。

如: The bread is for you.

2〉在There be句型中,be动词的使用要和There be后的第一个单词相搭配。如: There is a pen , two rubbers and three ball pens in my pencil case.

There are two rubbers , a pen and three ball pens in my pencil case.

助动词:( 如:do ,does,did ) 是动词的一类,表示可能,应该,必须,愿望等意思。通常用在动词或形容词前边。

如:Does your mother work in the bank ?

实义动词:即行为动词, 表示动作的动词。如:work ,go ,hit

情态动词

表示能力、义务、必要、猜测等说话人的语气或情态。情态动词只能加动词原形构成谓语动词。小学阶段所学的情态动词有: can , may , must , should , need 等。它们的否定式就是在其后面加not 。

can not ﹦can’t ; may not ; must not ﹦mustn’t

should not ﹦shouldn’t ; need ﹦needn’t

一.can 的用法

★表示能力

He can carry the heavy box.Can you swim ?

★表示可能性

It can be very hot in summer in Nanjing.

★表示许可, 常用来代替may

You can go home now.( You may go home now.)

★表示请求

Can you tell me the way to the park ?

二. may的用法

★表示允许或请求

May I come in ? You may use my pen.

★表示可能性

He may be free today.She may not come tomorrow.

三. must的用法

★表示必须, 必要

You must finish your homework before supper.

★表示语气肯定的猜测

He must be a doctor.She must be our new teacher.★must not ( mustn’t ) 表示禁止,不允许

You mustn’t talk in the library.

It is dangerous.You mustn’t touch it.

四. should的用法

表示义务、责任, 相当于汉语的“ 应当” 。

You should keep quiet in the library.

五. need的用法

表示需要,用于否定句和疑问句。

You needn’t come here.

Need I show you how to draw a circle on the black board ?

强化练习

—用适当的be动词填空。

1. I _____ a docto r.2.Mike _____ ill today.

相关主题
相关文档
最新文档