供应链管理自测练习六
供应链管理试题及答案
供应链管理试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 供应链管理的核心目标是什么？A. 成本最小化B. 服务最大化C. 客户满意度D. 以上都是答案：D2. 供应链管理的五大流程不包括以下哪一项？A. 采购B. 生产C. 销售D. 人力资源管理答案：D3. 供应链中的“牛鞭效应”是指什么？A. 供应链中信息失真的现象B. 供应链中库存积压的现象C. 供应链中物流延迟的现象D. 供应链中成本增加的现象答案：A4. 供应链管理中，以下哪个指标用于衡量库存的周转速度？A. 库存周转率B. 订单满足率C. 供应链响应时间D. 供应链总成本答案：A5. 供应链管理中，以下哪个不是供应商关系管理的关键要素？A. 供应商选择B. 供应商评估C. 供应商培训D. 供应商库存管理答案：D6. 在供应链管理中，以下哪个不是供应链网络设计的关键考虑因素？A. 成本B. 风险C. 客户服务水平D. 产品生命周期答案：D7. 供应链管理中，以下哪个不是供应链整合的潜在好处？A. 提高效率B. 降低成本C. 增加库存D. 提高客户满意度答案：C8. 供应链中的“3PL”指的是什么？A. 第三方物流B. 第三方采购C. 第三方生产D. 第三方销售答案：A9. 供应链管理中，以下哪个不是供应链风险管理的关键步骤？A. 风险识别B. 风险评估C. 风险转移D. 风险消除答案：D10. 在供应链管理中，以下哪个不是供应链战略的关键组成部分？A. 供应链结构B. 供应链流程C. 供应链技术D. 供应链文化答案：D二、判断题（每题1分，共10分）1. 供应链管理就是物流管理。
（×）2. 供应链管理的目的是实现供应链中所有成员的共赢。
（√）3. 供应链管理只关注内部流程，不涉及外部供应商和客户。
（×）4. 供应链管理可以提高企业的竞争力。
（√）5. 供应链管理中，供应商关系管理只关注成本控制。
（×）6. 供应链管理中的“牛鞭效应”可以通过信息共享来缓解。
供应链自测题-答案
1【自测评估】一、选择题1．以下描述中正确的是：（A ）A、供应链管理是物流管理的新战略B、供应链管理就是物流管理C、供应链管理其实就是对供应商和客户的关系管理D、供应链管理就是对企业流程的综合管理2．采用（C ）运作模式的供应链系统的库存量较低，集成度较高，信息交换迅速。
A、分散式供应链B、推动式供应链C、拉动式供应链D、集中式供应链3.供应链管理把资源的范围扩展到( C )A、供应商B、分销商C、整个供应链D、其他节点企业4．供应链管理因企业战略和适应市场需求变化的需要,节点企业需要动态地更新,这使得供应链具有明显的( B )。
A、复杂性B、动态性C、交叉性D、灵活性5．供应链管理强调的是把主要精力放在企业的（ C ）上，充分发挥其优势。
A、合作关系B、运输仓储C、关键业务（企业核心竞争力）D、生产制造二、判断题1．由于供应链节点企业有一个共同的目标,所以他们之间不再有竞争性 ( 错 )2．推动式供应链的驱动力产生于最终用户，整个供应链的集成度较高，信息交换迅速，可以根据用户的需求实现定制化服务。
( 错)3．供应链不仅是一条连接供应商到用户的物料链、信息链、资金链，而且还是一条增值链。
( 对)4．供应链管理是以同步化、集成化生产计划为指导，以各种信息技术为支持，尤其以Internet/Intranet为依托 ( 对)5．供应链整体成本最小化意味着每个节点企业的成本都是最小。
( 错 )三、简答题1．什么是纵向一体化？什么是横向一体化？2．什么是供应链？供应链有哪些特性？3．供应链管理涉及主要内容有哪些？4．简述供应链管理与传统管理模式的不同。
5．我国供应链管理现状如何？2【自测评估】一、选择题1．快速反应的集成是指（A ）A、重新设计业务流程，将公司整体业务集成起来，以支持公司整体战略B、商品销售预测的自动化C、跟踪新产品的开发和试销D、共同制定未来需求的计划和预测2．对QR的叙述下列不正确的有：( C )A、制造商可以准确地安排生产计划B、降低了整个供应链系统地流通费用C、降低了单位商品地采购成本D、实施QR后，能够提高顾客地满意度3.ECR是（ B ）的缩写。
供应链管理考核试题及答案
供应链管理考核试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 供应链管理的核心是（）。
A. 客户需求B. 供应商关系C. 物流管理D. 信息流管理答案：A2. 下列不属于供应链管理基本流程的是（）。
A. 采购管理B. 生产管理C. 库存管理D. 人力资源管理答案：D3. 下列哪种组织结构不利于供应链管理的协同效应（）。
A. 矩阵式组织结构B. 事业部制组织结构C. 直线式组织结构D. 网络型组织结构答案：C4. 在供应链中，第三方物流供应商的主要职责是（）。
A. 负责供应链中的全部物流活动B. 负责供应链中的部分物流活动C. 负责供应链中的信息流和物流活动D. 负责供应链中的资金流和物流活动答案：B5. 供应链风险管理主要包括（）。
A. 供应风险B. 生产风险C. 市场风险D. 所有以上风险答案：D6. 下列哪项不是供应链管理的绩效指标（）。
A. 订单履行率B. 库存周转率C. 供应商满意度D. 员工满意度答案：D7. 实施供应链管理的企业需要具备的条件有（）。
A. 良好的信息技术支持B. 强大的市场竞争力C. 完善的供应链管理体系D. 所有以上条件答案：D8. 供应链协同效应的核心是（）。
A. 资源共享B. 流程整合C. 信息共享D. 组织整合答案：C9. 下列哪种方式不属于供应链金融服务的范畴（）。
A. 融资服务B. 贷款服务C. 信用保险服务D. 库存管理服务答案：D10. 供应链管理中的可持续发展主要包括（）。
A. 环境友好型供应链B. 社会责任型供应链C. 经济效益型供应链D. 所有以上类型答案：D二、简答题（每题10分，共40分）1. 请简述供应链管理的概念及其目标。
答案：供应链管理是指在满足客户需求的前提下，对供应链中的物流、信息流和资金流进行有效整合和优化，以降低供应链总成本，提高供应链的运作效率和响应速度，实现供应链的可持续发展。
供应链管理的目标主要包括降低成本、提高客户满意度、提高供应链的灵活性和稳定性、提高供应链的竞争优势等。
(完整版)供应链管理第三版Unit6习题与答案.doc
Chapter 6Network Design in an Uncertain EnvironmentTrue/False1.Decisions made during the supply chain design phase regarding significantinvestments in the supply chain, such as the number and size of plants to build,the number of trucks to purchase or lease, and whether to build or leasewarehouse space, cannot be altered in the short term.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Moderate2.Decisions made during the supply chain design phase regarding significantinvestments in the supply chain, such as the number and size of plants to build,the number of trucks to purchase or lease, and whether to build or leasewarehouse space, rarely remain in place for several years.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Moderate3.Decisions made during the supply chain design phase regarding significantinvestments in the supply chain, such as the number and size of plants to build,the number of trucks to purchase or lease, and whether to build or leasewarehouse space, define the boundaries within which the supply chain mustcompete.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Moderate4.Long-term contracts for both warehousing and transportation requirements willbe more effective if the demand and price of warehousing do not change in thefuture or if the price of warehousing goes up.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Easy5.Long-term contracts for both warehousing and transportation requirements will bemore effective if either demand or the price of warehousing drops in the future.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Moderate6.The degree of demand and price uncertainty has a significant influence onthe appropriate portfolio of long- and short-term warehousing space that afirm should carry.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Easy7.If price and demand vary over time in a global network, flexibleproduction capacity can be reconfigured to maximize profits in the newenvironment. Answer: TrueDifficulty: Moderate8. A firm may choose to build a flexible global supply chain even in the presenceof little demand or supply uncertainty if certainty exists in exchange rates or prices. Answer: FalseDifficulty: Moderate9.The present value of a stream of cash flows is what that stream is worth intoday ’ s dollars.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Easy10. Discretionary cash flow (DCF) analysis evaluates the present value of anystream of future cash flows and allows management to compare two streams ofcash flows in terms of their financial value.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Easy11.The present value of future cash flows is found by using a discount factor.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Moderate12. The rate of return k is also referred to as the present value of capital.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Easy13. A negative NPV for an option indicates that the option will lose money for thesupply chain.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Moderate14.The decision with the lowest NPV will provide a supply chain with thehighest financial return.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Moderate15.In reality, demand and prices are highly uncertain and are likely to fluctuateduring the life of any supply chain decision.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Moderate16.For a global supply chain, exchange rates and inflation are unlikely to varyover time in different locations.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Easy17.The multiplicative binomial cannot take on negative values and can be used forfactors like demand, price, and exchange rates that cannot become negative.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Moderate18. A logical objection to both the multiplicative and additive binomial is the fact thatthe underlying factor takes on two values at the end of each period.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Hard19.If uncertainty is ignored, a manager will always sign long-term contracts becausethey are typically cheaper and avoid all flexible capacity because it is moreexpensive.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Moderate20.During network design, managers need a methodology that allows them toestimate the certainty in their forecast of demand and price and thenincorporate this certainty into the decision-making process.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Hard21.Decision trees with DCFs can be used to evaluate supply chain designdecisions given uncertainty in prices, demand, exchange rates, and inflation.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Moderate22.Uncertainty in demand and economic factors should not be included in thefinancial evaluation of supply chain design decisions.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Hard23.In a complex decision tree, there are thousands of possible paths that may resultfrom the first period to the last.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Easy24.Simulation methods are very good at evaluating a decision where the pathitself is decision dependent.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Hard25.Simulation models require a higher setup cost to start and operate comparedto decision tree tools.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Easy26.The main advantage of simulation models is that they can provide low-cost evaluations of complex situations.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Moderate27.Strategic planning and financial planning should be combined during supplychain network design.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Moderate28.The evaluation of supply chain networks should not use multiple metrics.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Moderate29.Financial analysis should be used as an input to decision making, not asthe decision-making process.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Moderate30.One of the best ways to speed up the process of financial analysis and arrive ata good decision is to use estimates, except when it appears that finding a veryaccurate input would take an inordinate amount of time.Answer: FalseDifficulty: EasyMultiple Choice1.Decisions made during the supply chain design phase regarding significantinvestments in the supply chain, such as the number and size of plants to build, the number of trucks to purchase or lease, and whether to build or leasewarehouse space,a.can be altered in the short term.b.cannot be altered in the short term.c.cannot be altered in the long term.d.can only be altered in the short term.e.all of the aboveAnswer: bDifficulty: Easy2.Decisions made during the supply chain design phase regarding significantinvestments in the supply chain, such as the number and size of plants to build, the number of trucks to purchase or lease, and whether to build or leasewarehouse space,a.are realigned every few weeks.b.only remain in place for several years.c.rarely remain in place for several years.d.only remain in place for a few weeks.e.often remain in place for several years.Answer: eDifficulty: Hard3.Decisions made during the supply chain design phase regarding significantinvestments in the supply chain, such as the number and size of plants to build,the number of trucks to purchase or lease, and whether to build or leasewarehouse space,a.define the boundaries within which the supply chain must compete.b.have little impact on how the supply chain must compete.c.are irrelevant regarding how the supply chain will compete.d.are the only consideration regarding how the supply chain will compete.e.none of the aboveAnswer: aDifficulty: Moderate4.Long-term contracts for both warehousing and transportation requirementswill be more effective ifa.the demand and price of warehousing do not change in the future.b.the price of warehousing goes up in the future.c.demand drops in the future.d.the price of warehousing drops in the future.e. a and b onlyAnswer: eDifficulty: Moderate5.Short-term contracts for both warehousing and transportation requirements willbe more effectivea.if the demand and price of warehousing do not change in the future.b.if the price of warehousing goes up in the future.c.if either demand or the price of warehousing drops in the future.d.only if demand drops in the future.e.only if the price of warehousing drops in the future.Answer: cDifficulty: Moderate6.The degree of demand and price uncertainty hasa.no effect on the appropriate portfolio of long- and short-termwarehousing space that a firm should carry.b. a limited influence on the appropriate portfolio of long- and short-term warehousing space that a firm should carry.c. a minor influence on the appropriate portfolio of long- and short-termwarehousing space that a firm should carry.d. a significant influence on the appropriate portfolio of long- and short-termwarehousing space that a firm should carry.e.None of the above are true.Answer: dDifficulty: Moderate7.Uncertainty of demand and pricea.drives the value of building flexible production capacity at a plant.b.eliminates the value of building flexible production capacity at a plant.c.facilitates the value of building flexible production capacity at a plant.d.has no effect on the value of building flexible production capacity ata plant.e.None of the above are true.Answer: a8.If price and demand do vary over time in a global network,a.flexible production capacity should not be used in the new environment.b.flexible production capacity will be ineffective in the new environment.c.flexible production capacity can be reconfigured to minimize profits in thenew environment.d.flexible production capacity can be reconfigured to maximize profits inthe new environment.e.flexible production capacity should never be used in an uncertainenvironment.Answer: dDifficulty: Moderate9. A firm may choose to build a flexible global supply chain even in the presenceof little demand or supply uncertainty ifa.certainty exists in both exchange rates and prices.b.certainty exists in exchange rates or prices.c.uncertainty exists in both exchange rates and prices.d.uncertainty exists in exchange rates or prices.e.uncertainty exists only in exchange rates.Answer: dDifficulty: Moderate10.The present value of a future stream of cash flows is what that streama.was worth in yesterday’ s dollars.b.is wo rth in today’ s dollars.c.will be worth in future dollars.d.might be worth in future dollars.e.none of the aboveAnswer: bDifficulty: Easy11.The process of evaluating the present value of any stream of future cash flowsso that management can compare two streams of cash flows in terms of theirfinancial value isa.annual cash flow(ACF) analysis.b.discretionary cash flow(DCF) analysis.c.discounted cash flow(DCF) analysis.d.future cash flow(FCF) analysis.e.none of theabove Answer: cDifficulty: Moderate12.The present value of future cash flow is found bya.locating the correct factor on a z-table.ing a discount factor.c.plotting the function on a graph.d.adding the total of all future cash flows.e.none of the aboveAnswer: b13.The discount factor used to obtain the present value of money in the next periodwhere k represents the rate of return isa.k.b.1+k.c.1/(1+ k).d.k /(1+ k).e.none of the aboveAnswer: cDifficulty: Moderate14.The rate of return k is also referred to as thea.discount rate.b.hurdle rate.c.opportunity cost of capital.d.all of the abovee.none of theabove Answer: dDifficulty: Easy15.What is the present value of a $27 revenue that will be received in one yearwhere the rate of return is 8% (.08)?a.$2.50b.$15.00c.$25.00d.$30.00e.none of the aboveAnswer: cDifficulty: Easy16.The net present value (NPV) of a stream of cash flows is equal toa.the sum of all cash flows for all periods being considered.b.the sum of all cash flows for all periods being considered divided bythe number of periods.c.the average of all cash flows for all periods being considered.d.the average of all cash flows for all periods being considered multipliedby the number of periods.e.the sum of all cash flows for all periods being considered discountedby the rate of return for each period.Answer: eDifficulty: Hard17. A negative NPV (net present value) for an option indicates that the option willa.gain money for the supply chain.b.lose money for the supply chain.c.maximize profit for the supply chain.d.minimize profit for the supply chain.e.none of the aboveAnswer: bDifficulty: Moderate18.The decision with the highest NPV (net present value) will provide a supply chainwitha.the highest financial return.b.the lowest financial return.c. a reasonable financial return.d.the least desirable financial return.e.none of the aboveAnswer: aDifficulty: Moderate19.The NPV (net present value) of a cash stream that is equal to $100 per period for5 periods with a rate of return of 10% (.10) per period would bea.379.07.b.416.98.c.500.00.d.610.51.e.671.56.Answer: bDifficulty: Moderate20.The NPV (net present value) of a cash stream that is equal to $75 per period for5 periods with a rate of return of 10% (.10) per period would bea.221.37.b.284.30.c.312.74.d.375.00.e.none of the aboveAnswer: cDifficulty: Moderate21.In reality, demand and prices area.highly certain and not likely to fluctuate during the life of any supply chaindecision.b.highly certain and likely to fluctuate during the life of any supplychain decision.c.highly uncertain and not likely to fluctuate during the life of any supplychain decision.d.highly uncertain and likely to fluctuate during the life of any supply chaindecision.e.none of the aboveAnswer: dDifficulty: Moderate22.For a global supply chain, exchange rates and inflation area.likely to vary over time in different locations.b.not likely to vary over time in different locations.c.not likely to vary over time in any locations.d.likely to be stable over time in all locations.e.none of the aboveAnswer: aDifficulty: Easy23.The binomial representation of uncertainty is based on the assumption that whenmoving from one period to the next, the value of the underlying factor (such asdemand or price)a.has only one possible outcome.b.has only two possible outcomes - up or down.c.has many possible outcomes.d.cannot be accurately determined.e.none of the aboveAnswer: bDifficulty: Moderate24.In the commonly used multiplicative binomial, it is assumed that the underlyingfactora. moves up by a factor u > 1 with probability p.b. moves down by a factor u > 1 with probability p.c. moves down by a factor d < 1 with probability 1 –p.d.either a or be.either a orc Answer: eDifficulty: Hard25.The multiplicative binomial can be used for factors like demand, price, andexchange rates that cannot become negative because ita.can take on negative values.b.cannot take on negative values.c.can take on positive values.d.cannot take on positive values.e.all of the aboveAnswer: bDifficulty: Hard26. A logical objection to both the multiplicative and additive binomial is the fact thatthe underlying factora.takes on only one of two possible values at the end of each period.b.takes on two values at the end of each period.c.takes on one of many possible values at the end of each period.d.takes on several of many possible values at the end of each period.e.none of the aboveAnswer: aDifficulty: Moderate27.If uncertainty is ignored, a manager willa.always sign long-term contracts because they are typically moreexpensive and avoid all flexible capacity because it is more expensive.b.always sign short-term contracts because they are typically cheaperand avoid all flexible capacity because it is more expensive.c.always sign long-term contracts because they are typically cheaperand avoid all flexible capacity because it is more expensive.d.always sign short-term contracts because they are typically cheaperand avoid all flexible capacity because it is less expensive.e.none of the aboveAnswer: cDifficulty: Hard28. A decision tree isa. a graphic device used to evaluate decisions under certainty.b. a graphic device used to evaluate decisions under uncertainty.c. a tabular device used to evaluate decisions under certainty.d. a tabular device used to evaluate decisions under uncertainty.e.none of the aboveAnswer: bDifficulty: Moderate29. Decision tree analysis is based on Bellman ’ s principle, which states that for anychoice of strategy in a given state,a. the optimal strategy is the one that is selected if the entire analysis isassumed to begin in the first period.b. the optimal strategy is the one that is selected if the entire analysis isassumed to begin in the last period.c. the optimal strategy in the next period is the one that is selected if theentire analysis is assumed to begin in the last period.d. the optimal strategy in the next period is the one that is selected if theentire analysis is assumed to begin in the next period.e. none of the aboveAnswer: dDifficulty: Hard30.The first step in decision tree analysis methodology is toa.identify factors such as demand, price, and exchange rate, whosefluctuation will be considered over the next T periods.b.identify the periodic discount rate k for each period.c.start at period T, work back to Period 0 identifying the optimal decisionand the expected cash flows at each step. Expected cash flows at eachstep in a given period should be discounted back when included inthe previous period.d.identify the duration of each period (month, quarter, etc.) and the numberof periods T over which the decision is to be evaluated.e.identify representations of uncertainty for each factor; that is, determinewhat distribution to use to model the uncertainty.Answer: dDifficulty: Moderate31.The last step in decision tree analysis methodology is toa. identify factors such as demand, price, and exchange rate, whose fluctuationwill be considered over the next T periods.b. identify the periodic discount rate k for each period.c. start at period T, work back to Period 0, identifying the optimal decision andthe expected cash flows at each step. Expected cash flows at each step in agiven period should be discounted back when included in the previous period.d.identify the duration of each period (month, quarter, etc.) and the number ofperiods T over which the decision is to be evaluated.e.identify representations of uncertainty for each factor; that is, determine whatdistribution to use to model the uncertainty.Answer: cDifficulty: Moderate32.Uncertainty in demand and economic factors should be included in thefinancial evaluation of supply chain design decisions, becausea.the exclusion of certainty may have a significant impact on this evaluation.b.the exclusion of uncertainty may have a significant impact on thisevaluation.c.the inclusion of certainty may have a significant impact on this evaluation.d.the inclusion of uncertainty may have a significant impact onthis evaluation.e.none of the aboveAnswer: dDifficulty: Hard33.Flexibility should be valued by taking into account uncertainty in demandand economic factors. In general, flexibility will tend toa.decrease in value with a decrease in certainty.b.increase in value with an increase in uncertainty.c.decrease in value with an increase in uncertainty.d.increase in value with an increase in certainty.e.None of the above are accurate.Answer: bDifficulty: Moderate34. A major factor that makes the decision tree methodology quite powerful isa.the choice of certainty.b.the choice of discount rate.c.the choice of uncertainty level.d.the choice of additive factor.e.all of the aboveAnswer: bDifficulty: Moderate35.The appropriate discount rate used in decision tree methodologya.should be risk-adjusted and risk may vary by period and decision node.b.should be risk-adjusted and risk may not vary by period and decisionnode.c.should not be risk-adjusted and risk may vary by period and decisionnode.d.should not be risk-adjusted and risk may not vary by period anddecision node.e.None of the above are accurate.Answer: aDifficulty: Moderate36.Alternative approaches to decision tree analysis includea.contingent claims analysis (CCA) for discrete time analysis.b.real options for the continuous time case.c.real options for the discrete time analysis.d.all of the abovee. a and b onlyAnswer: eDifficulty: Moderate37.Contingent claims analysis (CCA) and real optionsa.adjust hurdle rate so that the risk-free discount rate may be applied ineach period.b.adjust opportunity cost of capital so that the risk-free discount rate may beapplied in each period.c.adjust rate of return so that the risk-free discount rate may be appliedin each period.d.adjust transition probabilities so that the risk-free discount rate maybe applied in each period.e.none of the aboveAnswer: dDifficulty: Moderate38.Firms should use simulation for evaluating decisions whena.underlying decision trees are simple and explicit solutions forthe underlying decision tree are difficult to obtain.b.underlying decision trees are very complex and explicit solutions forthe underlying decision tree are difficult to obtain.c.underlying decision trees are simple and explicit solutions forthe underlying decision tree are easy to obtain.d.underlying decision trees are very complex and explicit solutions forthe underlying decision tree are easy to obtain.e.none of the aboveAnswer: bDifficulty: Moderate39.In a complex decision tree there area.only a few possible paths that may result from the first period to the last.b.less than thirty possible paths that may result from the first period tothe last.c.thousands of possible paths that may result from the first period tothe last.d.an infinite number of possible paths that may result from the first periodto the last.e.none of the aboveAnswer: cDifficulty: Moderate40.Simulation methods are very good at evaluating a decision wherea.the path itself is decision dependent.b.the path itself is not decision dependent.c.the discount rate is decision dependent.d.the discount rate is not decision dependent.e.none of theabove Answer: bDifficulty: Hard41.Simulation modelsa.require a higher setup cost to start and operate compared to decisiontree tools.b.require a lower setup cost to start and operate compared to decision treetools.c.require a higher setup cost to start but less to operate comparedto decision tree tools.d.require a lower setup cost to start but more to operate comparedto decision tree tools.e.none of the aboveAnswer: aDifficulty: Hard42.The main advantage of simulation models is that they cana.provide high-quality evaluations of simple situations.b.provide high-quality evaluations of complex situations.c.provide low-cost evaluations of simple situations.d.provide low-cost evaluations of complex situations.e.provide low-quality evaluations of complex situations.Answer: bDifficulty: Easy43.Strategic planning and financial planninga.should be performed independently during supply chain network design.b.should be performed sequentially during supply chain network design.c.should be performed hierarchically during supply chain network design.d.should be performed concurrently during supply chain network design.e.should be combined during supply chain network design.Answer: eDifficulty: Hard44.The evaluation of supply chain networksa.should use only one metric.b.should use multiple metrics.c.should not use more than one metric.d.should not use multiple metrics.e.should be subjective.Answer: bDifficulty: Moderate45.Financial analysis should be used asa.the decision-making process.b.an alternative decision-making process.c.an input to decision making, not as the decision-making process.d.all of the abovee.none of the aboveAnswer: cDifficulty: Moderate46.One of the best ways to speed up the process of financial analysis and arrive ata good decision is toe estimates of inputs when it appears that finding a very accurate inputwould take an inordinate amount of time.e estimates backed up by sensitivity analysis when it appears thatfinding a very accurate input would take an inordinate amount of time.e estimates of inputs except when it appears that finding avery accurate input would take an inordinate amount of time.d.make sure that every detail is very accurate.e.none of the aboveAnswer: bDifficulty: ModerateEssay/Problems1.Explain additive and multiplicative binomial representations of uncertainty.Answer : The binomial representation of uncertainty is based on the assumptionthat when moving from one period to the next, the value of the underlying factor(such as demand or price) has only two possible outcomes - up or down. In thecommonly used multiplicative binomial, it is assumed that the underlying factoreither moves up by a factor u > 1 with probability p, or down by a factor d < 1 with probability 1 –p. In the additive binomial, it is assumed that the underlying factorincreases by u in a given period with probability p and decreases by d withprobability 1 –p. The multiplicative binomial cannot take on negative values andcan be used for factors like demand, price, and exchange rates that cannotbecome negative. It also has the advantage of the growth or decline in the givenfactor being proportional to the current value of the factor and not fixedindependent of size. A logical objection to both the multiplicative and additivebinomial is the fact that the underlying factor takes on only one of two possiblevalues at the end of each period. Certainly a price can change to more than justtwo values. But by making the period short enough, this assumption may bejustified.Difficulty: Hard2.Summarize the steps in the decision tree analysis methodology.Answer: The decision tree analysis methodology is summarized as follows:1.Identify the duration of each period (month, quarter, etc.) and the number ofperiods T over which the decision is to be evaluated.2.Identify factors such as demand, price, and exchange rate, whose fluctuationwill be considered over the next T periods.3.Identify representations of uncertainty for each factor; that is, determinewhat distribution to use to model the uncertainty.4. Identify the periodic discount rate k for each period.5.Represent the decision tree with defined states in each period, as well asthe transition probabilities between states in successive periods.6. Starting at period T, work back to Period 0, identifying the optimal decision andthe expected cash flows at each step. Expected cash flows at each step in a givenperiod should be discounted back when included in the previous period. Difficulty:Moderate3.Discuss the ideas that managers should consider to make better supply chainnetwork design decisions under uncertainty.Answer: Managers should consider the following ideas to help them make betternetwork design decisions under uncertainty:1. Combine strategic planning and financial planning during network design.Inmost organizations, financial planning and strategic planning are performedindependently. Strategic planning tries to prepare for future uncertainties butoften without rigorous quantitative analysis, whereas financial planning performsquantitative analysis but assumes a predictable or well-defined future. Decisionmakers should design supply chain networks considering a portfolio of strategicoptions —the option to wait, build excess capacity, build flexible capacity, signlong-term contracts, purchase from the spot market, and so forth. The variousoptions should be evaluated in the context of future uncertainty.2. Use multiple metrics to evaluate supply chain networks.As one metric canonly give part of the picture, it is beneficial to examine network design decisionsusing multiple metrics such as firm profits, supply chain profits, customerservice levels, and response times. Often, different metrics will recommenddifferent decisions and by using multiple metrics, the differences between thestrategic choices will become clearer. The best decisions can be made when amultitude of metrics are available, because each metric enhances the overallview of the alternatives being considered.e financial analysis as an input to decision making, not as the decision-making process. Financial analysis is a great tool in the decision-making process,as it often produces an answer and an abundance of quantitative data to back upthat answer. However appealing this may be, management should not rely solelyon financial analysis to make decisions. Use of this analysis as a large part of thedecision-making process is fine, but other inputs into the decision process that aredifficult to quantify should be included in the analysis as well. Financialmethodologies alone do not provide a complete picture of the alternatives. Theseimpacts should be considered in addition to the raw financial analysis. In the finalanalysis, management must use other inputs beyond financial analysis in thedecision-making process to get the most complete view of the alternatives possible.4. Use estimates along with sensitivity analysis. Many of the inputs into financialanalysis can be difficult, if not impossible, to nail down in a very accurate fashion.This can cause financial analysis to be a long and drawn out process. One of thebest ways to speed the process along and arrive at a good decision is to useestimates of inputs when it appears that finding a very accurate input would take aninordinate amount of time. Using estimates is fine when the estimates are backed upby sensitivity analysis. By performing sensitivity analysis on the input ’ s。
采购经理供应链管理知识测试题
采购经理供应链管理知识测试题在现代商业社会中，供应链管理已经变得至关重要。
作为采购经理，具备必要的供应链管理知识是你必须具备的技能之一。
为了评估你的
供应链管理知识水平，以下是一些供应链管理知识测试题，帮助你检
验自己的能力。
题1：什么是供应链管理？
题2：列举并解释供应链管理的五个关键活动。
题3：请描述一下供应链的四个基本流程。
题4：供应链管理的优势有哪些？请提供至少五个优势例子。
题5：什么是供应链风险管理？请简要描述供应链风险管理的目的
和重要性。
题6：供应链中的可持续发展是什么意思？为什么可持续发展在供
应链管理中如此重要？
题7：请解释供应链中的“供应商选择”和“供应商评估”之间的区别。
题8：解释什么是供应链中的仓储和物流，并说明它们在供应链中
的作用。
题9：请描述一下供应链中使用的质量管理工具和技术。
题10：供应链管理中的成本控制策略有哪些？请提供至少三个策略。
题11：解释供应链中的“需求规划”和“需求预测”之间的区别。
题12：请描述一下供应链中的供应网络设计和优化。
题13：什么是供应链中的协同计划？请说明协同计划的目的和重要性。
题14：供应链中的供应商绩效评估是什么？请解释供应商绩效评估的作用和方法。
题15：请谈谈你对供应链管理未来发展的观点和预测。
通过回答以上问题，你将有机会了解自己在供应链管理领域的知识深度和广度。
答题结束后，你可以对自己的答案进行自我评估，并进一步学习和提升自己的供应链管理能力。
供应链管理习题和答案
专科物流专业供应链管理练习题姓名学号班级练习题一1. 供应链运行绩效(de)评估（）A．涉及到(de)是供应链上(de)部分企业 B．涉及到了供应链上所有(de)企业；C．只涉及到核心企业 D．只与上下游企业之间有关系.2.下列不属于供应链环境管理下(de)库存问题(de)是（）A、侧重于优化单一(de)库存成本B、供应链(de)战略与规划问题C、供应链(de)运作问题D、信息类问题3.不属于产品生命周期(de)是哪个（）A.计划期B.成长期C.成熟期D.衰退期4.供应链合作伙伴关系(de)主要目(de)是（）A.缩短采购提前期,提高供货(de)柔性B.加快资金周转C.通过缩短供应链总周期,达到降低成本和提高质量(de)目(de)D.减少供应商数目5．（）指超越一家一户(de)以一个社会为范畴面向社会为目(de)(de)物流.A. 宏观物流B.社会物流C. 微观物流D.企业物流6.下列不属于QR对厂商(de)优点(de)是（）A. 更好(de)为顾客服务B. 降低了费用C. 生产计划准确D.增加了收入7、下列不是供应链特性(de)是（）A.供应链是交错链状(de)网络结构.B.供应链是企业(de)主体部分.C.供应链是一条增值链.D.供应链(de)网络结构是由顾客需求拉动(de).8、属于多级库存优化与控制(de)方法有（）A.减少成本B.中心化（集中式）策略C.改进服务质量D.获得更多(de)市场信息9．TOC理论对供应链(de)启迪是企业(de)经营业绩应该是加强链条中（）. A．最强(de)一环 B.最薄弱(de)一环C.所有环节D.部分环节10. 建立战略合作关系(de)第一步必须明确战略关系对于企业(de)必要性,企业必须评估潜在(de)（）A、利益与风险B、成本与风险C、资金与风险D、投资与风险11. 下列不属于供应链环境管理下(de)库存问题(de)是（）A、侧重于优化单一(de)库存成本B、供应链(de)战略与规划问题C、供应链(de)运作问题D、信息类问题12.供应链管理中提到(de)客户主要是指（）A、只是指最终(de)消费者B、与企业内部(de)部门无关C、可以指代供应链上(de)每个相关企业和部门D、只指代渠道分销员13.对于供应链下库存管理(de)方法,以下说法正确(de)是（）A、联合库存管理比供应商管理库存(de)方式更优越B、制造商管理库存体现了战略供应商联盟(de)新型合作企业合作关系C、联合库存管理体现了战略供应商联盟(de)新型企业合作关系D、自动库存补充方法体现了战略供应商联盟(de)新型企业合作关系14.在大多数(de)跨国公司中,选择供应商(de)基本准则“”是（）A、质量、成本、交付与服务并重(de)原则B、数量、成本、交付与服务并重(de)原则C、价格、质量、成本与服务并重(de)原则D、质量、价格、成本与服务并重(de)原则15.供应链管理(de)初级阶段,典型(de)供应链策略主要是指（）A、企业资源计划与准是制B、高效客户响应和准是制；C、高效客户响应和快速响应D、企业资源计划与快速响应.16.稳定(de)供应链指(de)是（）A、基于相对稳定、单一(de)市场需求而组成(de)供应链B、供应链(de)容量能满足用户需求时(de)供应链C、体现供应链(de)市场中介功能D、基于相对频繁变化、复杂(de)需求组成(de)动态供应链17.第三方物流服务(de)成功因素中最主要(de)是（）.A．可靠性 B．准时性C．快捷性 D．为客户服务18．由供方与需方以外(de)物流企业提供物流服务(de)业务模式是（）. A．内部物流 B．第一方物流C．第三方物流 D．军事物流19．目前(de)供应链系统正在朝着（）(de)方向进行改革.A．拉式市场 B．推式市场C．产品中心 D．推拉式市场20．（）中,会导致“牛鞭效应”.A．拉式市场 B．推式市场C．产品中心 D．推拉式市场1. 物流系统具有（）特性.A．整体性 B．层次性C．相关性 D．目(de)性 E．适应性2、供应链管理(de)作用有哪些（）A.创造竞争(de)成本优势B. 创造竞争(de)收益优势C.创造竞争(de)时间和空间优越D.创造竞争(de)整体优势3、基于产品(de)供应链设计时需考虑(de)因素有（）A.产品需求(de)不确定性B.储存产品仓库(de)不确定性C.供应链(de)反应能力D.资金4、供应链(de)结构模型主要有（）A、链状(de)结构模型B、直线型结构模型C、网状(de)结构模型D、曲线型结构模型5、供应链管理下(de)采购特点有哪些（）A.从市场购买转变为外部厂家直接购买B.从采购管理转变转变为外部资源管理C.从为库存而采购转变为为订单而采购D.从一般(de)买卖关系转变为战略伙伴关系6、供应链(de)生产外包管理内容包括（）A.产品价格B.交货数量C.产品质量D.交货期及服务7.绿色供应链(de)内容包括（）.A．绿色设计 B．绿色采购C．绿色生产 D．绿色物流 E．绿色营销8．横向一体化管理模式(de)特征有（）A.生产(de)核心化B．市场(de)易扩张化C.组织(de)柔性化D.利益(de)多赢化9.有效顾客响应(de)实现包括(de)主要信息技术有（）A.EDI技术B.条码技术C.POS技术D.射频技术10.业务流程重组(de)类型有（）A.职能内BPRB.职能间BPRC.组织间BPR C.供应链间(de)BPR三、名词解释（20分,每题2分）1.供应链2.供应链管理3.价值链4.延迟技术5.ECR6.CPFR7.牛鞭效应8.安全库存9.联合管理库存10.CRM1、供应链结构模式比一般单个企业(de)结构模式更为简单. （）2、依据相对于顾客需求(de)执行顺序,供应链上(de)所有流程可以分为两类：推动流程和拉动流程.（）3、供应链管理(de)实施目标之一是总成本最低化,总成本最低化目标是指运输费用或库存成本. （）4、供应链之间(de)竞争实质上是时间竞争.（）5、供应商在供应链上扮演着一个至关重要(de)角色,是链中物流(de)始发点,是资金流(de)开始,同时又是反馈信息流(de)终点.（）6、第四方物流是第三方物流公司为其客户提供一种增值服务,主要是解决物流规划功能外包问题(de)物流方案.（）7、从系统开发(de)角度,客户关系管理是帮助企业以一定(de)组织方式来管理客户(de)互联网软件系统.（）8、MC模式(de)关键是实现产品标准化和制造柔性化之间(de)平衡.（）9、连续性检查(de)固定订货量、固定订货点策略,即（Q, R）策略.该策略(de)基本思想是：对库存进行连续性检查,当库存降低到订货点水平R时,即发出一个订货,每次(de)订货量要发生变化.（）10、联合库存管理（Joint Managed Inventory,JMI）是指由供应商和用户联合管理库存.（）五、简答题（30分,每题6分）1．绿色供应链管理和传统(de)供应链管理(de)区别体现在哪些方面2.纵向一体化管理模式存在哪些弊端3. 供应链中需求变异放大产生(de)原因是什么4. 解释零库存(de)概念和内涵.5. 准时化采购(de)特点是什么六、案例分析题（10分）西南仓储公司(de)管理西南仓储公司是一家地处四川省成都市(de)国有商业储运公司,随着市场经济(de)深入发展,原有(de)业务资源逐渐减少,在企业(de)生存和发展过程中,也经历了由专业储运公司到非专业储运公司再到专业储运公司(de)发展历程.在业务资源和客户资源不足(de)情况下,这个以仓储为主营业务(de)企业其仓储服务是有什么就储存什么.以前是以五金交电为主,后来也储存过钢材、水泥和建筑涂料等生产资料.这种经营方式解决了企业仓库(de)出租问题.那么,这家企业是如何发展区域物流(de)呢专业化当仓储资源又重新得到充分利用(de)时候,这家企业并没有得到更多利益,经过市场调查和分析研究,这家企业最后确定了立足自己(de)老本行,发展以家用电器为主(de)仓储业务.一方面,在家用电器仓储上,加大投入和加强管理,加强与国内外知名家用电器厂商(de)联系,向这些客户和潜在客户介绍企业确定(de)面向家用电器企业(de)专业化发展方向,吸引家电企业进入.另一方面,与原有(de)非家用电器企业用户协商,建议其转库,同时将自己(de)非家用电器用户主动地介绍给其他同行.延伸服务在家用电器(de)运输和使用过程中,不断出现损坏(de)家用电器,以往,每家生产商都是自己进行维修,办公场所和人力方面(de)成本很高,经过与用户协商,在得到大多数生产商认可(de)情况下,这家企业在库内开始了家用电器(de)维修业务,既解决了生产商(de)售后服务(de)实际问题,也节省了维修品往返运输(de)成本和时间,并分流了企业内部(de)富余人员,一举两得.多样化除了为用户提供仓储服务之外,这家企业还为一个最大(de)客户提供办公服务,向这个客户(de)市场销售部门提供办公场所,为客户提供了前店后厂(de)工作环境,大大(de)提高了客户(de)满意度.区域性物流配送通过几年(de)发展,企业经营管理水平不断提高,企业内部(de)资源得到了充分(de)挖掘,同样,企业(de)仓储资源和其他资源也已经处于饱和状态,资源饱和了,收入(de)增加从何而来在国内发展现代物流(de)形势下,这家企业认识到只有走出库区,走向社会,发展物流,才能提高企业(de)经济效益,提高企业(de)实力.发展物流从何处做起经过调查和分析,决定从学习入手,向比自己先进(de)企业学习,逐步进入现代物流领域.经过多方努力,他们找到一家第三方物流企业,在这个第三方物流企业(de)指导下,通过与几家当地(de)运输企业合作（外包运输）,开始了区域内(de)家用电器物流配送,为一家跨国公司提供物流服务,现在这家企业(de)家用电器(de)物流配送已经覆盖了四川（成都市）、贵州和云南.问题：（1）通过案例分析说明现代物流与传统物流(de)区别（2）通过分析西南仓储公司向现代物流(de)转变过程,你认为其转变成功(de)关键是什么（3）通过本案例分析,你认为中国目前传统物流企业怎样才能实现向现代物流(de)转变练习题二一．单选题（20分,每题1分）1. （）要体现供应链(de)物理功能,即以最低(de)成本将原材料转化成零部件、半成品、产品,以及在供应链中(de)运输等.A、有效性供应链B、反应性供应链C、稳定供应链D、动态供应链2.企业已经普遍将信息系统业务,在规定(de)服务水平基础上外包给应用服务提供商（ASP）,由其管理并提供用户所需要(de)信息服务.这是属于（）业务方式.A、研发外包B、生产外包C、脑力资源外包D、应用服务外包3.（）不是供应链管理环境下采购(de)特点.A、为订单而采购B、从采购管理向外部资源管理转变C、为库存而采购D、从一般买卖关系向战略协作伙伴关系转变4.求变异加速放大(de)原因中,（）需求放大(de)主要原因.A、需求预测修正B、订货批量决策C、价格波动D、短缺博弈5.企业目前工作流程存在(de)问题中,是由于分工过细造成(de)问题是（）A、无人负责整个经营过程,缺乏全心全意为顾客服务(de)意识B、组织机构臃肿,助长官僚作风C、单一,适应性差D、资源闲置和重复劳动,症结是内部信息纵向和横向沟通不够6.在物流管理组织结构(de)演变中,试图在一个高层经理(de)领导下,统一所有(de)物流功能和运作,目(de)是对所有原材料和制成品(de)运输和存储进行战略管理,以使企业产生最大利益.这种组织基本上是属于（）A、传统物流管理组织结构B、简单功能集合(de)物流组织形式C、物流功能独立(de)组织形式D、一体化物流组织形式7.CR系统(de)构建中(de)在零售环节,（）是管理(de)重点.A、营销技术B、物流技术C、信息技术D、组织革新技术8.dEx参与电子商务业务(de)主要身份是（）A．经营者 B．制造者 C．网站经营者 D．第三方物流9.流服务与成本(de)关系中,大部分企业普遍存在和被公认(de)关系是（）A.在物流服务水平一定(de)情况下,降低物流成本；B.在提高物流服务水平(de)同时,增加了物流成本；C.在物流成本一定(de)情况下,提高了物流服务水平；D.在提高服务水平(de)同时,降低物流成本.10.决定每一种商品(de)恰当库存水平,以及维持这些库存水平(de)恰当策略是（）A.JITB.EOQC.VMID.QR11.流(de)主要特点是前端服务与_____集成.( )A.后端服务B. 外包服务C.物流服务D.客户服务12.JIT技术又称及时管理方式,也称零库存管理方式,该技术是由以下哪个汽车公司开发出来(de)( )A.日本丰田B.德国福特C.日本本田D.美国通用13.联合库存管理作为一种合作创新(de)管理模式,更多地体现在（）A.供需协调管理B.机制建立C.信息沟通D.需求预测14.ECR(de)主要目标是( )A. 增加供应链各个环节(de)收益B. 降低供应链各个环节(de)成本C. 缩短供应链各个环节(de)时间D. 提高了供应链各个环节(de)服务15.管理最主要(de)两个领域就是供应商(de)选择和( )A. 供应商(de)关系管理B. 供应商(de)目标管理C. 供应商(de)成本管理D. 供应商(de)考核管理16.价值链(de)概念是迈克尔.波特在其着名(de)（）一书中提出(de).A. 竞争优势B.竞争战略C. 国家竞争力D.竞争力17. 供应链管理这个名词最早出现在（A、交通运输业B、城市配送业C、信息产业D、咨询业18. 供应链合作伙伴关系(de)主要目(de)是（）A.缩短采购提前期,提高供货(de)柔性B.加快资金周转C.通过缩短供应链总周期,达到降低成本和提高质量(de)目(de)D.减少供应商数目19.（）指超越一家一户(de)以一个社会为范畴面向社会为目(de)(de)物流.A. 宏观物流B.社会物流C. 微观物流D.企业物流20.不属于QR对厂商(de)优点(de)是（）A. 更好(de)为顾客服务B. 降低了费用C. 生产计划准确D.增加了收入二．多选题（10分,每题1分）1、下列（）体现了供应链管理(de)管理思想A、强调核心竞争力B、资源外用(Outsourcing)C、合作性竞争D、延迟制造(Postponement)原则；E、以顾客满意度为目标(de)服务化管理；2、供应链设计(de)主要内容有（）A、供应链成员及合作伙伴选择B、网络结构设计C、供应链运行基本规则D、协调机制E、生产物流(de)计划与控制体系(de)建立3、核心竞争力(de)主要特点是（）A、价值优越性B、难替代性C、差异性D、可延伸性E、可复制性4、根据计划来管理企业(de)生产经营活动,叫做计划管理,计划管理是一个过程,通常包括（）阶段.A、编制计划B、执行计划C、检查计划完成情况D、组织E、制定改进措施5、供应链管理环境下(de)生产计划与传统生产计划有显着(de)不同.在制定生产计划(de)过程中,主要面临以下（）方面(de)问题.A、柔性约束B、生产进度C、生产能力D、组织设计E、物流管理6、需求变异加速放大(de)原因（）.A、需求预测修正B、订货批量决策C、多级库存D、短缺博弈E、价格波动7、VMI(de)基本思想有（）A、联合进行管理库存B、使双方成本最小（互惠原则）C、框架协议（目标一致性原则）D、连续改进原则E、合作精神（合作性原则）8、第三方物流公司(de)未来前景可以向以下（）方面努力.A、老主顾外包其他业务B、实施联合运输方式C、开发物流信息管理系统D、处理供应链末端任务E、整合供应链作业9、下列（）在供应链管理中(de)应用比较广泛.A、Internet/Intranet技术、WEB技术B、MRP、MRPII 、ERP、CRM、JIT、CIMSC、CAD/CAMD、BR、RFID、GIS、GPS、EDIE、航空航天技术10、CPFR(de)主要特点有（）.A、协同B、规划C、预测D、战略E、补货三、名词解释（10分,每题2分）1.第三方物流2.JIT采购3.零和关系4.EDI5.物流一体化四、判断题（10分,每题1分）1．所谓供应链(de)合作伙伴关系,也就是供应链中各节点企业之间(de)关系,对制造业来说,主要是制造商与制造商之间(de)关系.（）2．哈兰德（Harland）将供应链管理描述成对商业活动和组织内部关系、与直接采购者(de)关系、与第一级或第二级供应商(de)关系、与客户(de)关系等整个供应链关系(de)管理.3．供应链环境下,以团队工作为特征(de)组织模式使供应链具有网络化结构特征,因此供应链管理模式不是层级管理,也不是矩阵管理,而是网络化管理.（）4．为了支持企业内部集成化供应链管理,主要采用供应链计划（Supply Chain Planning, SCP）和JIT来实施集成化计划和控制.（）5．从节点企业与节点企业之间关系(de)角度来考察,供应链网络结构主要包括链状结构、网状结构、核心企业网状结构三种.（）6．当存在外部性时,企业应尽可能(de)集中布局,这样可以获得更多(de)收益利润,攫取最大可能(de)市场份额.（）7．即时制采购是一种先进(de)采购模式,它(de)基本思想是：在恰当(de)时间、恰当(de)地点、以恰当(de)数量、恰当(de)质量提供恰当(de)物品.（）8．决策树是一种图谱,它可用来评估存在不确定因素(de)情况下所作出(de)决策.但对供应链内部评估弹性时,决策树分析方法却并不十分有效.（）9．CRM是一种以客户为中心(de)商业哲学、商业战略和企业文化.（）10．单个企业绩效评价指标主要是基于业务流程(de)绩效评价指标,而供应链绩效评价指标是基于部门职能(de)绩效评价指标.（）五、简答题（30分,每题3分）1.述基于供应链(de)运输决策(de)要点有哪些2.信息技术对供应链管理有哪些影响3.如何对供应商进行评估和选择4.简述供应链设计(de)原则和步骤.5. 实施客户关系管理(de)战略步骤.6.简述供应链网状模型.7.订货点法(de)库存管理策略包括哪几种8.供应链管理环境下供应商管理库存（VMI）(de)优势是什么9.物流外包(de)阻力和风险是什么10.有效顾客响应(de)实施战略有哪些六、论述题（20分,每题10分）1. 论述企业如何进行业务外包活动.2. 供应链合作关系与传统供应商关系有什么不同14级专科物流专业供应链管理练习题答案习题一一、单选题1-5 BAACA 6-10 CABBA11-15 ACCAC 16-20 ADCAB二、多选题1 ABCDE2 ABD3 BCD4 AC5 ABCD6 ABCD7 ABCDE8 ABCD9 AC 10 ABC三、略（书本能直接找到答案）四、判断题1-5×√×√√ 6-10√×√√√五、略（书本能直接找到答案）六、案例分析参考答案答：（1）答：基于现代供应链管理理念(de)物流；将现代信息技术应用到全过程；以社会化运作(de)第三方物流为主.（2）答：市场分析,要求进入物流市场切入点,发展自己优势,充分利用社会资源,减少进入成本,提高服务水平,拓展服务功能.（3）答：调整市场、自身优势、结合点、外部资源、管理机制习题二一、单选题1-5 CDCDD 6-10 DCDDC11-15 ACABA 16-20 ADCAC二、多选题1 CDE2 ABCD3 ABCD4 ABCDE5 ACD6 DE7 ABCDE8 BCDE9 ABD 10 ABCE三、略（书本能直接找到答案）四、判断题1-5×√√×√ 6-10×√×√×五、略（书本能直接找到答案）六、论述题1. （1）研发外包研发外包是利用外部资源弥补自己开发能力(de)不足.企业可以根据需要,有选择地和相关研究院所、大专院校建立合作关系,将技术项目“外包”给他们攻关,或购买先进(de)但尚未产业化(de)技术.（2）生产外包这种外包一般是企业将生产环节安排到劳动力成本较低(de)国家,以降低生产环节(de)成本.（3）物流外包物流外包不仅仅降低了企业(de)整体运作成本,更重要(de)是使买卖过程摆脱了物流过程(de)束缚,使供应链能够为客户提供前所未有(de)服务.（4）脑力资源外包即雇用外界(de)人力（主要是脑力资源）,解决本企业解决不了或解决不好(de)问题.脑力资源外包内容主要有互联网咨询、信息管理、ERP系统实施应用、管理.2. 供应链合作关系与传统供应商关系有什么不同答：在新(de)竞争环境下,供应链合作关系强调长期(de)战略协作,强调共同努力实现共有(de)计划和解决共同问题,强调(de)是相互之间(de)信任与合作.这与传统(de)关系模式有着很大(de)区别,见下表.供应链合作关系与传统供应商关系(de)比较。
《供应链管理》各章练习题
一、供应链管理基本理论（一）单选题1.供应链不仅是一条连接供应商到用户的物料链、信息链、资金链，而且是一条（）A.加工链B.运输链C.分销链D.增值链2.供应链从上、下游关系来理解，不可能是单一链状结构，而是交错链状的（）A.网络结构B.闭环结构C.星状结构D.总线结构3.（）是供应链中信息流、产品、服务流、资金流运作的驱动源。
A.合约的签订B.用户的需求拉动C.共同的意D.盈利的前景4.“拉式”的供应链管理，管理的出发点是以（）为中心的管理，以客户需求为原动力的管理。
A.利润指标B.销售业绩C.客户及客户满意度D.战略目标5.英国著名物流管理专家马丁·克里斯托夫说：“21世纪的竞争不是企业和企业之间的竞争，而是（）之间的竞争。
”A.企业内部B.供应链内部C.供应链与供应链D.供应链与企业6.供应链管理的目的在于追求效率和（）的费用有效性。
A.业务部门B.采购部门C.生产部门D.整个系统7.供应链的形成使供应链上各个成员间建立了战略合作关系，通过快速反应致力于（）的大幅度降低，库存是供应链管理的平衡机制。
A.核心企业库存B.总体库存C.上游企业库存D.下游企业库存8.（）指的是供应链各节点企业均已其能够产生竞争优势的资源来参与供应链的资源集成，在供应链中以其优势业务的完成来参与供应链的整体运作。
A.资源横向集成B.系统原理C.多赢互惠原理D.合作共享原理9.基于需求驱动原理的供应链运作模式是一种（）运作模式，与传统的推动式运作模式有着本质的区别。
A.顺式拉动B.顺式推动C.逆向拉动D.逆向推动10.（）即与供应商发展长期合作关系，以支持企业生产和新产品开发工作。
A.采购B.生产C.研发D.运输（二）多选题1.供应链是围绕核心企业，通过对（）的控制。
A.信息流B.物流C.资金流D.业务流E.价值流2.供应链具有的特征是（）A.复杂性B.动态性C.面向用户需求D.交叉性E.创新性和风险性3.供应链按照研究的对象来分，可以分为（）A.功能型供应链B.创新型供应链C.企业供应链D.产品供应链E.基于供应链合作伙伴关系的供应链4.根据供应链存在的稳定性划分，可以将供应链分为（）A.稳定的B.动态的C.平衡的D.倾斜的E.中性的5.供应链根据推动力来源可以划分为（）供应链。
《供应链管理》测试题
《供应链管理》测试题试卷总分:100 得分:100一、单选题(共25 道试题,共50 分)1.下列哪项不属于供应链合作伙伴关系的特点（）A.企业与其合作伙伴在信息共享方面合作B.以加强基于产品质量和服务的物流关系为特征C.强调基于时间的供应链管理D.强调基于价值的供应链管理正确答案:B2.供应链中信息流、产品／服务流、资金流运作的驱动源是（）A.用户的需求拉动B.供应商的产品／服务推动C.核心企业的推动D.分销企业的拉动正确答案:A3.（）是制定一套运营政策用于控制短期运营A.供应链战略B.供应链设计C.供应链规划D.供应链运营正确答案:C4.两阶段序贯供应链包括（）A.一个购买者和一个供应商B.两个零售商C.两个或多个供应商D.一个供应商、一个批发商和一个零售商正确答案:A5.供应链管理方法之一的快速反应方法的英文缩写是（）A.ECRB.MRPC.QRD.DRP6.实施供应链管理的第一步，就是（）A.实施MRPB.实行JIT采购C.在原有企业供应链的基础上分析、总结企业现状，分析企业内部影响供应链管理的阻力和有利之处，同时分析外部市场环境，对市场的特征和不确定性作出分析和评价，最后相应地完善企业的供应链D.建立战略伙伴关系7.在（）中，供应商对部分退回产品给予全额返还A.销售回扣合同B.弹性数量合同C.收入共享合同D.补偿合同8.每一条供应链的目标是（）A.整体价值最大化B.整体成本最小化C.整体收益最大D.整体资金规模大9.（）是指基于相对稳定、单一的市场需求而组成的供应链。
A.敏捷供应链B.稳定的供应链C.动态供应链D.响应型供应链10.QR是指在供应链中,为了实现共同的目标,至少在（）环节之间进行的紧密合作A.三个B.所有节点C.两个D.四个11.供应链合作伙伴关系的目的是（）A.缩短采购提前期，提高供货的柔性B.加快资金周转C.缩短供应链总周转期达到降低成本和提高质量的目的D.减少供应商数目12.（）根据实际需求生产A.推动式供应链B.效率型供应链C.推-拉式供应链D.拉动式供应链13.市场竞争力强，产品或服务增值率高的合作伙伴应该作为（）A.有影响力的合作伙伴B.战略性合作伙伴C.普通合作伙伴D.竞争性/技术性合作伙伴14.供应链管理的主要内容不包括（）A.分销网络配置B.库存控制C.生产管理D.产品设计15.供应链管理的本质是在追求（），以较小的产品前置时间与运营成本为最佳考量。
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第六章供应链库存管理一、重点名词1.周期性订货2.短期博弈3.供应商管理库存4.联合库存管理二、单项选择题1.传统的库存控制解决主要是从（）企业的角度来考虑。
A.多个B.单个C.两个D.三个2.研究供应链上的（），就是要研究如何按照需求合理地降低整个供应链上的库存量，获得最优的订货策略。
A.仓储管理B.仓库管理C.库存管理D.货物管理3.供应链管理的绩效好坏最终应该由（）来评价。
A.领导B.用户C.企业员工D.售货员4.用MRP批量订货出现的需求（）现象，称为“MRP紧张”。
A.放大B.缩小C.不变D.成本5.需求放大效应是需求（）扭曲的结果。
A.数量B.信息C.技术D.反映6.供应链是多个组织的联合，通过有效的过程管理可以（）乃至消除库存。
A.减少B.增加C.不变D.大幅增加7.在供应链企业之间的交易合作过程中产生的各种费用，交易成本随着交易量的()而减少。
A.增加B.减少C.不变D.变化8.需求放大效应是需求信息（）的结果A.变化B.缩小C.扭曲D.放大9.为了应付不确定性，供应链上各个节点企业都设有一定的（），这是企业采取的一种应急措施。
A.在库库存B.在途库存C.已分配量D.安全库存10.（）是建立在经销商一体化基础之上的一种风险分担的库存管理模式。
A.供应商管理库存B.联合库存管理C.第三方管理库存D.分销商管理库存11.供应链成本在企业的运营费用中占有很高的比重，有一项调查表明，在某些行业可以占到（）以上。
A.90%B.85%C.75%D.95%12.在传统的多级库存优化方法中，主要考虑的供应链模式是（）。
A.生产—分销模式B.供应—分销模式C.分销—生产模式D.分销—供应模式13.（）是由于供不应求造成市场机会损失以及用户罚款等。
A.维持库存费用B.交易成本C.缺货损失成本D.订货费用14.（）是将控制中心放在核心企业上，由核心企业对供应链系统的库存进行控制，协调上游和下游企业的库存活动。
A.中心化控制策略B.非中心化控制策略C.供应商控制策略D.分销商控制策略15.VMI是建立在（）伙伴关系基础上的供应链库存管理方法。
A.供应商—制造商B.零售商—供应商C.分销商—供应商D.制造商—分销商16.实施联合库存管理需要（）之间建立相互联系的信息系统。
A.制造商B.供应商C.分销商D.经销商17.对于整个供应链的库存维持费用而言，上游供应链的库存维持费用是一个（）的过程。
A.聚集B.汇合C.发散D.分散18.（）是指供应商在用户允许的情况下来管理用户的库存。
A.VMIB.SCMC.CRMD.EDI19.为了使供应链上的供应方集中精力于自己的核心业务，可以采取的库存管理策略是（）。
A.VMIB.联合库存管理C.第三方管理库存D.第一方管理库存20.供应链企业之间的交易成本最低的是（）。
A.普通伙伴关系B.战术伙伴关系C.战略伙伴关系D.竞争性伙伴关系三、多项选择题1.目前供应链管理模式下的库存管理存在的问题有三大类，即（）。
A.信息类问题B.供应链的运作问题C.供应链的战略与规划问题D.技术类问题E.沟通性问题2.目前供应链库存管理中存在的主要问题是（）。
A.缺少供应链的整体观念B.对客户服务的理解不恰当C.不及时提供交货状态数据D.低效率的信息传递系统E.库存控制策略简单化3.由于这种需求放大效应的影响，上游供应商往往维持比下游供应商（）的库存水平。
A.更多B.更高C.更少D.更低E.不变4.需求放大现象产生的原因归纳为几个方面（）。
A.需求预测修正B.订货批量决策C.价格波动D.短缺博弈E.降低成本5.价格波动是由于一些促销手段造成的，如()。
A.价格折扣B.价格上涨C.数量折扣D.增票E.提高成本6.考虑库存的原因，采用周期性分批订货的时间是（）。
A.一年B.一季度C.一月D.一周E.一天7.本质上讲，供应链上的不确定性，不管其来源出自哪方面，根本上讲是()方面原因造成的。
A.需求预测水平造成的不确定性B.决策信息的可获得性C.决策人心理的影响D.决策信息的透明性E.决策信息的可靠性8.分析不确定性对库存的影响得到的结论是()A.为了减少企业的库存水平B.需要增加企业之间的信息交流与共享C.减少不确定性因素对库存的影响D.增加库存决策信息的透明性和可靠性、实时性E.增加库存的重要性9.实行第三方物流要建立在合同基础之上，它是一种长期的合作联盟，双方要记住,这是一个（）的第三方联盟。
A.互利互惠B.风险共担C.回报共享D.三家合作E.三方物流10.早期发现需求放大效应的公司有（）。
A.宝洁B.联想C.惠普D.美的E.海尔11.供应链库存管理中属于信息方面的问题有（）。
A.不及时提供交货状态数据B.需求预测C.低效率的信息系统传递系统D.生产计划E.库存状态12.供应链库存优化模式的内容包括（）。
A.确定库存订货点B. 安全库存C.库存状况判断D.多级供应链库存订货E.库房内部的调拨13.以下属于供应链下的库存管理方法的有（）。
A.EOQ模型B.供应商管理库存C.联合库存管理D.第三方物流供应商管理库存E.订货点法14.以下属于VMI特点的有（）。
A.信息共享B.供应商完全拥有库存C.供应商完全管理库存D.供应商对需求作出预测E.零售商对需求作出预测15.实施VMI要注意的问题是（）。
A.实力问题B.信任问题C.技术问题D.存货所有权问题E.资金支付问题16.实施联合库存管理需要做好以下几个方面的工作（）。
A.零售商之间要建立相互联系的信息系统B.要建立供需协调的管理机制C.建立信息共享与沟通的系统D.经销商之间要建立相互联系的信息系统E.供应商之间要建立相互联系的信息系统17.供应链的库存与供应链的不确定性有很密切的关系，供应链上的不确定性表现形式有两种，分别是（）。
A.衔接不确定性B.运作不确定性C.预测不确定性D.供应不确定性E.信息不确定性18.非中心化库存控制策略是把供应链上的库存控制分为三个成本归结中心，即为（）。
A.制造商成本中心B.分销商成本中心C.零售商成本中心D.供应商成本中心E.用户成本中心19.供应链的库存成本结构包括（）。
A.维持库存成本B.交易成本C.缺货损失成本D.物品价格成本E.制造成本20.多级库存控制策略可以分为（）。
A.供应商控制策略B.制造商控制策略C.分销商控制策略D.中心化控制策略E.非中心化控制策略四、判断分析（）1.运用传统的库存控制系统不能解决库存控制策略的制定问题。
（）2.供应链是一个整体，需要协调各方活动才能取得最佳的整体绩效。
（）3.无论是生产性企业还是物流企业，库存控制的目的都是为了保证企业生产运作的连续性和应付不确定性的需求。
（）4.供应链环境下的库存问题与传统的库存问题没有多少差异。
（）5.理论上讲，供应链的层次可以是无限的。
（）6.现实的供应链层次是越多越好，因此实际供应链的层次都很长。
（）7.多级库存控制策略可以分为中心化控制策略和非中心化控制策略。
（）8.运用遗传算法处理供应链库存优化问题时，其求解的速度和质量都比常规算法要好。
（）9.供应商管理库存是指供应商在用户的允许下来管理用户的库存。
（）10.联合库存管理是建立在供应商一体化基础之上的一种风险分担的库存管理模式。
（）11.降低安全库存总是和服务水平的提高相矛盾。
（）12.在集成的供应链系统中，每个供应链企业都能够共享顾客的需求信息，信息不再是线性的传递过程而是网络的传递过程和多信息源的反馈过程。
（）13.供应链中的不同成员存在着不同的相互冲突的目标，因此无法达到供应链整体的最优。
（）14.从传统的以物流控制为目的的库存管理向以过程控制为目的的库存管理转变是库存管理思维的变革。
（）15.随着市场变化，市场竞争已从传统的、简单的成本优先的竞争模式转为质量优先的竞争模式。
（）16.由于这种需求放大效应的影响，下游供应商往往维持比上游供应商更高的库存水平。
（）17.分批订货在企业中普遍存在，MRP系统是分批订货，DRP也是如此。
（）18.当需求小于供应量时，理性的决策是按照用户的订货量比例分配现有的库存供应量。
（）19.由于个体参与的组织的完全理性经济决策导致的需求信息的扭曲最终导致需求放大。
（）20.由于资源的限制，没有哪一个公司可以自给自足成为一个业务上面面俱到的专家。
五、问答题1.供应链管理环境下的库存管理有哪些问题？2．谈谈你对供应链中的需求变异放大原理的理解。
产生需求变异放大的原因有哪些？3．试说明供应链中的不确定性对库存的影响。
4．供应链管理环境下的库存管理方法有哪些？5．讨论如何降低供应链多级库存上的总库存量。