(完整版)英语28个辅音音标的发音

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48个英语音标发音表及口型

48个英语音标发音表及口型

48个英语音标发音表及口型英语国际音标共48个音素,其中元音音素20个,辅音音素28个。

一、元音前元音:[i:] [i] [e] [æ]前元音发音要领:舌尖抵下齿,舌前部向硬颚抬起,双唇不要收圆。

注意:[i:]是长元音,发长元音时要比发短元音长两倍以上。

[i:]①舌尖抵下齿,舌前部尽量向硬颚抬起。

②嘴唇向两旁伸开,成扁平形。

[i]①舌尖抵下齿,舌前部向硬颚抬起。

②发音短促,上下齿之间可容纳小指尖。

[e]①舌尖抵下齿,舌前部稍抬起,比[i:]低。

②牙床开得比[i:]宽,上下齿间可容纳一个食指。

[æ]①舌尖抵下齿。

②双唇向两旁平伸,嘴张开比e大,两齿间可以容纳食指和中指。

中元音:[ʌ] [ǝ:] [ǝ]中元音发音要领:舌尖抵住下齿,但不如发前元音时抵得那样紧。

舌身的中部隆起,扁唇(双唇不要收圆)。

[ǝ:]①舌中部稍抬起。

②双唇和发[i:]时相似。

[ǝ]①舌中部抬起。

②牙床半开半合,短促有力。

[ʌ]①舌中部稍抬起。

②开口程度和[æ]相似,唇形扁。

后元音:[ɑ:] [ɔ] [ɔ:] [u] [u:]后元音发音要领:①舌尖不触下齿,舌身后缩,舌后部向软颚抬起,除[ɑ:]外,双唇要收圆。

②发[ɑ:][ɔ:][u:]时要注意长度,不要发得太短。

[ɑ:]舌尖不触下齿,口张大,舌身平放后缩。

[ɔ]①舌尖不触下齿,口张大,舌身尽量降低并后缩。

②双唇稍稍收圆。

[ɔ:]①舌后部比发[ɔ]时抬得略高。

②双唇也收得更圆更小,并须用力向前突出。

[u]①舌尖不触下齿,舌后部向软颚抬起,舌身后缩。

②双唇收圆,稍向前突出。

[u:]双唇比发[u]时收得更圆更小,向前突出,舌后部比发[u]时抬得更高。

双元音:[ei] [ai] [ɔi] [ǝu] [au] [iǝ] [uǝ] [Ɛǝ]双元音发音要领:①由两个元音组成,发音时由第一个向第二个元音的部位滑动,但不完全到达第二个元音的部位。

②前重后轻,第一个元音响亮清晰。

48个英语音标发音表

48个英语音标发音表

48个英语音标发音表及口型英语国际音标共48个音素,其中元音音素20个,辅音音素28个.对于初学者来说,若采用集中教学,要学会48个音素的发音并区别开.一、元音前元音:[i:][i] [e] [æ]前元音发音要领:舌尖抵下齿,舌前部向硬颚抬起,双唇不要收圆。

注意:[i:]是长元音,发长元音时要比发短元音长两倍以上.[i:]①舌尖抵下齿,舌前部尽量向硬颚抬起.②嘴唇向两旁伸开,成扁平形。

字母组合:ee ea e ie ei (eo ey i)three tree meet beef 、eat tea meat teacher、 she me、piece receive、ceiling[i]①舌尖抵下齿,舌前部向硬颚抬起。

②发音短促,上下齿之间可容纳小指尖。

发音字母 i y e uisit pig big build 、many twenty happy 、defect decide delicious[e]①舌尖抵下齿,舌前部稍抬起,比[i:]低。

②牙床开得比[i:]宽,上下齿间可容纳一个食指.字母组合 ea e ahead bread、elephant bed desk 、many any[æ]①舌尖抵下齿。

②双唇向两旁平伸,嘴张开比e大,两齿间可以容纳食指和中指。

发音字母 aBag happy hat map中元音:[ʌ] [ǝ:] [ǝ]中元音发音要领:舌尖抵住下齿,但不如发前元音时抵得那样紧。

舌身的中部隆起,扁唇(双唇不要收圆)。

[ʌ]①舌中部稍抬起。

②开口程度和[æ]相似,唇形扁.发音字母 u o ou ooup supper cup bus、come mother 、trouble rough 、blood flood[ǝ:]①舌中部稍抬起。

②双唇和发[i:]时相似。

字母组合ir ur ear er orGirl skirt thirty 、turn burn murder nurse 、learn 、her serve、work world[ǝ]①舌中部抬起。

小学英语:音标发音归类表

小学英语:音标发音归类表

英语国际音标表(48个)单词发音归类:A[eɪ] cake game table take age baby name eraser favourite grade grape late radio plane same classmate[e] many any anything[æ] grandfather hand hat have map panda that animal back bad bank camera cap dad fax jacket Japan Japanese hand man thank apple and at bag am black blackboard can cat family glad[ɑ:] banana are can’t class classroom ask father afternoon grandfather grandma aunt dance past[ɒ] watch want[ə] about banana panda woman America American camera England Japan shall[eə] parent[ɔ:] watermelonB[b] about bag ball banana be bed bedroom behindbeside bike black blackboard blue boat book boxboy brother brown bus but table baby back badbank beautiful between big birthday blouse breakbreakfast broom bye job keyboard maybe strawberryumbrellaC[k] cake can can’t car cat class classroom clock close clothes coat colour come cup doctor o’clock call camera cap classmate clean computer count cousin uncle welcome[s] nice office pencil cinemaD [d] dark daughter desk do doctor dog door dad dance dear different doll duckE[i:] we these maybe evening he Chinese Japanese me she[e] bed well welcome very tell telephone pen next letter help guess getelse American address yes yellow twelve twenty ten spell sevenpencil let eleven egg dress desk[ə] helloF[f] family father fifteen find five flower football favourite for forty faxfine flour foot fridge from funnyG[g] get glove grade grape great grey guess game girl give glad go goodgrandfather green English egg bag dog[dʒ] fridge orange villageH[h] hand hat have he her here hill him his home how hundred hair halfhead hello help house husbandI[aɪ] China find five nice like nice mine tiger time white driver kite minus pineapple wife write behind beside bike child[ɪ] in fifteen fifty family give kill him his it miss office picture sit six this window animal big children cinema different fridge ill little liveriver sing ticket village which with[i:] policemanJ[dʒ] jacket Japan job jeepK[k] key kite think speak breakfast bank ask worker thank take park dark desk clock cake book bikeL[l] all apple ball pencil school spell table wall animal beautiful call doll else help ill little people shall small tall tell uncle welcome well blue black class clock close clothes colour eleven flower yellow lightlike hello late letter live locked love London lunch only play please policeman pleasure plus ruler umbrella villageM[m] Macao maybe minus money middle mouse mouthmum welcome watermelon much umbrella small samepoliceman number him form E-mail computer cinemaclassmate come camera broom animal Americanwoman time them some room name morning MrMiss Mrs mine mother meet me man many mapmy him home grandmother game classroom stampN [n] name new nice mine no now number near next nose nurse want watermelon soon sharpener raincoat present policeman money lunch minus London Japan in husband funny dance clean down on cinema chicken woman under twenty ten student between aunt any animal son plane pencil panda open orange mine many man knowhundred hand green grandma afternoon friend eleven eighteenChinese can brown behind banana uncle[ŋ] young wrong think thank sing shopping evening England bank anything English morningO[əʊ] zero OK sofa so radio only nose hello go those photo open old don’t close clothes home[ɒ] box clock doctor dog not office on of orange sorry stop doll from job locked shopping sock wrong[ʌ] bother colour come mother some son glove London lovely money [u:] do shoe two who whose[ʊ] woman[ə] today o’clock computer London policeman watermelon welcomeP[p] apple cup jeep map panda park pear pencil picture plane please put play stop computer up help Japanpardon parent party past people pineapple pleasure plus policeman post present purple purse sheep stamp sharpener shopping supperR[r] red room brother brown friend grandma green orange sorry break camera eraser favourite fridge from grade grape great grey parentplayground radio raincoat read right river row ruler umbrella write zeroS[s] this sweater Sydney supper strawberry stand stamp speak soon sofa sock so small sir sing same some see plus post purse playhouse past nurse school mouse minus same class seat guess else stop askbreakfast address yes us thanks student spell sorry son Miss skirt six sit sister seven school desk class bus beside[z] trousers present nose husband eraser excuse cousin blouse yours whose those these theirs please ours his hers is close clothes Chinese [ʒ] pleasure[ʃ] sureT[t] about after cat coat doctor daughter eight fifty hat let light meet not photo put skirt student sister table take teacher ten time tiger today two toy TV twelve twenty two what white beautiful count footclassmate different favourite get jacket late letter littlenext duty party present quarter right sweater tall telephone tell ticket toilet touch turn twin want writeU[ju:] duty excuse student[ʌ] much uncle umbrella bus up supper plus mum lunch husband funny duck under number hundred cup but[ʊ] put[u:] ruler blueV[v] give everyone five have seven driver evening favourite live love river very village W[w] with wife well welcome way watermelon want sweater worry betweenY[j] yellow yes your yours young yuan[aɪ] goodbye[ɪ] eighty everyone family fifty many anything baby funny lovely only veryZ[z] zero zooai/ay [eɪ] today E-mail raincoatee/ea [i:] eighteen jeep meet please see teacher three treeseat between clean sheep speak cleanea [e] breakfast head sweateroa [əʊ] coat boatow [əʊ] yellow know window showow [aʊ] brown now howoo [ʊ] bedroom book football good look footoo [u:] room afternoon school too soon zoo broomou [aʊ] about blouse mouth mouse trousers count house playground ou [ʌ] touch young cousinoi/oy [ɔɪ] boy toy toiletor/oor [ɔ:] door for forty or horseor [ɜ:] work workerar [ɑ:] dark pardon party sharpener park carer [ə] afternoon brother daughter father flower mother number sister teacher tiger under worker computer driverer [ɜ:] her hers termir [ɜ:] bird girl shirt thirtyur [ɜ:] turnch [tʃ] chair china Chinese watch child chicken touch whichs/sh [ʃ] sharpener shall shopping she shirt shoe sure Englishck [k] black clock back chicken jacket ticketth [θ] think mouth anything thank thirteen thirty threeth [ð] with that the their them there these they this thosewh [w] what where white whichwh [h] who whose。

28个辅音的发音方法

28个辅音的发音方法

28个辅音的发音方法辅音是语音学中的一个重要概念,它是指在发声过程中,除了声带振动外,还需要用到其他口腔、鼻腔等部位来产生声音的一类音素。

辅音在语言中起到区分词义和语法功能的作用。

在英语中,共有28个辅音,每个辅音都有其独特的发音方法。

本文将详细介绍这28个辅音的发音方法。

1. /p/ 发音/p/ 是一个爆破音(plosive),也称为闭塞爆破音。

发 /p/ 时,我们闭住双唇,在气流被阻断的情况下突然释放出来。

例如,在单词“pen” 中,我们可以清晰地听到 /p/ 的发音。

2. /b/ 发音/b/ 也是一个爆破音,与 /p/ 相似,但不同之处在于声带振动。

当发 /b/ 时,我们闭住双唇并释放气流,同时让声带振动。

例如,在单词“book” 中,我们可以听到清晰的 /b/ 音。

3. /t/ 发音/t/ 是一个塞擦音(affricate),它由两个部分组成:一个爆破音 /p/ 和一个擦音 /s/。

在发 /t/ 时,我们将舌头的前部贴住上齿龈,然后突然释放气流,同时使舌头迅速离开上齿龈。

例如,在单词“top” 中,我们可以听到清晰的 /t/ 音。

4. /d/ 发音/d/ 与 /t/ 类似,但不同之处在于声带振动。

当发 /d/ 时,我们用舌头的前部贴住上齿龈并释放气流,同时让声带振动。

例如,在单词“dog” 中,我们可以听到清晰的 /d/ 音。

5. /k/ 发音/k/ 是一个清塞擦音(affricate),由爆破音 /k/ 和擦音 /s/ 组成。

在发 /k/ 时,我们将舌头后部抵住软腭(口腔中间最靠近喉咙的位置),然后突然释放气流,并使舌头迅速离开软腭。

例如,在单词“cat” 中,我们可以听到清晰的 /k/ 音。

6. /g/ 发音/g/ 与 /k/ 类似,但不同之处在于声带振动。

当发 /g/ 时,我们将舌头后部抵住软腭,并释放气流,同时让声带振动。

例如,在单词“go” 中,我们可以听到清晰的 /g/ 音。

28个辅音的发音方法

28个辅音的发音方法

28个辅音的发音方法辅音是指在发音时,声带振动较少或者不振动,需要通过口腔和喉咙的气流产生音响的音素。

辅音分为浊音和清音两种,浊音是指发音时声带振动,清音是指发音时声带不振动。

以下是28个常见辅音的发音方法及示例词汇:1. /p/:唇音,发音时唇间气流被突然阻断,然后迅速放开。

例如:pea(豌豆)。

2. /b/:唇音,发音时唇间气流被阻断,声带振动然后放开。

例如:big(大的)。

3. /t/:舌尖音,将舌尖短暂地与上齿龈接触,然后突然放开。

例如:talk(说话)。

4. /d/:舌尖音,舌尖轻触上齿龈,声带振动然后放开。

例如:dog (狗)。

5. /k/:硬腭音,舌后部与软腭接触,然后突然放开。

例如:cat (猫)。

6. /g/:硬腭音,舌后部与软腭触碰,声带振动然后放开。

例如:go (去)。

7. /f/:唇齿音,下唇轻轻触碰上齿,突然放开。

例如:fan(风扇)。

8. /v/:唇齿音,下唇轻轻触碰上齿,声带振动然后放开。

例如:van(货车)。

9. /θ/:舌齿音,舌尖接触上齿,将气流通过舌尖间隙。

例如:think(思考)。

10. /ð/:舌齿音,舌尖接触上齿,声带振动然后放开。

例如:this (这个)。

11. /s/:齿槽音,舌尖靠近上齿龈,气流通过舌和齿之间的缝隙。

例如:sit(坐)。

12. /z/:齿槽音,舌尖靠近上齿龈,声带振动然后放开。

例如:zip (拉链)。

13. /ʃ/:舌舌音,舌尖向后抬起,接触到硬腭,气流经过舌与硬腭之间的缝隙。

例如:ship(船)。

14. /ʒ/:舌舌音,舌尖向后抬起,接触到硬腭,声带振动然后放开。

例如:pleasure(快乐)。

15. /h/:喉塞音,声带不振动,只有气流通过喉咙。

例如:hat(帽子)。

16. /m/:鼻音,唇音,同时声带振动。

例如:man(男人)。

17. /n/:鼻音,舌尖音,同时声带振动。

例如:nice(好)。

18. /ŋ/:鼻音,后部软腭音,同时声带振动。

28个辅音音标的读法及单词

28个辅音音标的读法及单词

28个辅音音标的读法及单词辅音音标是一种用来表示辅音音素的符号系统,共有28个辅音音标。

下面是这些音标的读法及一些示例单词:1. /p/,读作 [p],如 "pat"(拍)。

2. /b/,读作 [b],如 "bat"(蝙蝠)。

3. /t/,读作 [t],如 "top"(顶部)。

4. /d/,读作 [d],如 "dog"(狗)。

5. /k/,读作 [k],如 "cat"(猫)。

6. /g/,读作 [g],如 "goat"(山羊)。

7. /f/,读作 [f],如 "fun"(有趣的)。

8. /v/,读作 [v],如 "van"(货车)。

9. /θ/,读作[θ],如 "think"(思考)。

10. /ð/,读作 [ð],如 "this"(这个)。

11. /s/,读作 [s],如 "sun"(太阳)。

12. /z/,读作 [z],如 "zip"(拉链)。

13. /ʃ/,读作 [ʃ],如 "ship"(船)。

14. /ʒ/,读作 [ʒ],如 "treasure"(宝藏)。

15. /tʃ/,读作 [tʃ],如 "chair"(椅子)。

16. /dʒ/,读作 [dʒ],如 "jump"(跳跃)。

17. /h/,读作 [h],如 "hat"(帽子)。

18. /m/,读作 [m],如 "man"(男人)。

19. /n/,读作 [n],如 "no"(不)。

20. /ŋ/,读作 [ŋ],如 "sing"(唱)。

英语48个音标发音示范

英语48个音标发音示范

英语48个音标发音示范英语音标共有48个,其中元音20个,辅音28个。

以下是一些元音和辅音的发音示范及其描述:元音(20个)(一)单元音(12个)(二)1.前元音(1)/iː/ (ee in feed) -发音时,舌尖抵住下齿,舌前部抬高,接近上齿龈,唇形扁平。

(2)/ː/ (i in fit) -发音时,舌尖抵住下齿,舌前部稍抬,唇形扁平。

2.中元音(1)/ːː/ (er in father) -发音时,舌中部抬起,舌尖抵住下齿,双唇稍收圆。

(2)/ː/ (u in cut) -发音时,舌中部抬起,舌尖抵住下齿,双唇稍收圆。

3.后元音(1)/ɑː/ (a in car) -发音时,口张大,舌位最低,舌后部微抬,双唇不圆。

(2)/ːː/ (o in or) -发音时,口张大,舌位最低,舌后部抬高,双唇收圆。

(3)/uː/ (oo in food) -发音时,舌后部抬起,舌位最低,双唇收圆并向前突出。

(4)/ː/ (u in put) -发音时,舌后部抬起,舌位较低,双唇收圆。

(三)双元音(8个)(四)1./eː/ (ai in face) -由/e/和/ː/两个音组成,舌位由半开到合,口形由扁到圆。

2./aː/ (ai in price) -由/a/和/ː/两个音组成,舌位由低到高,口形由开到合。

3./ːː/ (oy in toy) -由/ː/和/ː/两个音组成,舌位由低到高,口形由开到合。

4./ːː/ (eer in deer) -由/ː/和/ː/两个音组成,舌位由高到低,口形由开到合。

5./eː/ (air in hair) -由/e/和/ː/两个音组成,舌位由高到低,口形由开到合。

6./ːː/ (oor in poor) -由/ː/和/ː/两个音组成,舌位由高到低,口形由开到合。

辅音(28个)(一)爆破音(6个)(二)7./p/ -发音时,双唇紧闭,然后突然放开,使气流爆破出来。

8./b/ -发音时,双唇紧闭,然后突然放开,使气流爆破出来,但声带振动。

最新新版国际音标发音表(完整版)

最新新版国际音标发音表(完整版)

国际音标发音表英语国际音标共48个,其中20个元音,20个辅音,3个鼻音,2个半元音,3个似拼音一、元音巧记48个国际音标单元音共十二,四二六前中后。

双元音也好背,合口集中八个整。

辅音共计二十八,八对一清又七浊,四个连对也包括。

有气无声清辅音,有声无气浊辅音,发音特点应掌握。

关于语音的几个概念:音素:音的最小单位,英语中有48个音素.音节:由元音和辅音构成的发音单位元音:发音响亮,是乐音,口腔中气流不受阻碍,是音节的主要组成部分.英语中有20个元音.辅音:发音不响亮,是噪音,口腔中气流受到阻碍,不是音节的重要组成部分,英语中有28个辅音. 开音节:1)辅音+元音+辅音+不发音e如:kite cake name bike make take home plane shine2)辅音+元音如:he hi go no do be tree three hello闭音节:1)辅音+元音+辅音:sit bed bad bag hot hop let mad map head2)元音+辅音如: it is in on up out antA chicken is in the kitchen. / A horse is in the house.A mouse is in the cat’s mouth.A sheep eats some beef and drinks some green tea1 元音:1) [i:]字母组合: ee ea e iethr ee tree green sheep meet beef see seekea t tea meat leave lead teacher team mean speak cleanp ie ce rec ei ve ceilings i t picture it is list six mix fix fit pig big build missman y twenty happy dictionary d e fect decide delicious3) [æ]发音字母ab a g hand and ant happy hat map mad bad black back glad flag shall man4) [e] 字母组合ea、e、ahead bread pleasureelephant electric remember sell shell lesson better bed desk hotel yes many any5) [З:] 字母组合ir ur ear er org ir l shirt skirt thirty thirteen third birdt ur n burn murder nurse turtle Thursday burgerl ear n earn earth heard t er m her nerd serve w or k worm work world 6) [ə] 字母组合er or ou e ar o a uteach er leader remember player speaker farmer powderdoct or actor mayor author tractordelici ou s familiar collar dollar m e n listent o gether tomorrow today lesson Washington controla round account ago elephant manta banana Canada Japan china7) [a:] 字母组合ar ac ar farm card arm garden f a st class last glass plant aunt calm8) [ʌ]发音字母u oo o ouu p supper lunch fun gun hunt cup bus bl oo d floodc o me mother dose brother love above tr ou ble rough flourish9) [ɔ:]字母组合al au or our arsm al l w al l t al k tall hall ball call walk au thor c au ght au tumnsh or t more lord horse for forty sport door floor storef our mourn court bought w ar m quarrel quarter10) [ɒ]发音字母o ah o t lost lot fox box mop hop loss not w a nt wash watch11) [u:]字母组合oo o uf oo d moon room gloom broom doom goose toothsh o e do two tr u e truth blue full prude12) [ʊ] 字母组合oo ou u ol oo k good foot book wood sh ou ld couldp u t full bull pull push w o man wolf13) [eI]发音字母a ay ea ai eyn a me cake late gate plane April pl ay say may waygr ea t break r ai n paint plain th ey greyb i ke fine find die nine light night high m y try fly eye15) [aʊ]字母组合ou owh ou se out flour ground account count sound loud around mouse fl ow er down now cow how town16) [əʊ]发音字母o ow oah o me cold go no phone host ghostkn ow low below grow blow show flow b oa t coat goal17) [ɔI]字母组合oy oib oy toy joy oil s oi l voice choice18) [iə] 字母组合eer earb eer deer ear near h ere f ier ce id ea19) [eə]字母组合ear air erep ear bear ch air air fair th ere where c are20) [ʊə]字母组合our owerh our tour fl ower shower3 辅音1) [p]p en pear play pig pour pull push2) [b]b ook big boot bike bread break3) [t]t wo ten ton town twenty city4) [d]d oor dull desk dose do dog dictionary5) [k]k ing kite key look cook book kitchen sky (发音字母k)c ard cat cream correct climb come account accept (发音字母c)fo x box oxygen x-ray (发音字母x) s ch ool schema (字母组合ch)6) [g]g irl good goal goat grade long language7) [m] m an make moon morning move come comb8) [n] pe n ten nine fine night noon moon clean9) [ŋ] u n cle bank English think thank junk si ng king morning evening10) [l]l ong land lend lord fly flag black wor l d cold goal soul11) [r]r ead red right run room write12) [f]f ive fly fine flag frog fog roof knife life wifecou gh laugh rough physic photo phone13) [v] v ery evening even every voice vest o f14) [s]s ix sit student same seat kiss miss case scarf (发音字母s) li c ense city cease cedar ceiling celebrate (发音字母c)pie ce juice science lance space ace (字母组合ce)15) [z]z oo zebra[ˈzi:brə]zero zapclose nose hose suppose pause those whose16) [θ] th ink thank three thirty tooth mouth17) [ð]th at this those these thoughna t ion attention station so c ial special s ure19) [ʒ]plea s ure20) [h]h ot hop home house horse how who21) [w] w hen what where window wind wood22) [j]y es year yell you your yolk yellow23) [tʃ]ch ild chicken china chair lunch ouch catch teach24) [dʒ] a g e language cabbage vegetable stage bridgej oy enjoy join July June junk25) [tr]tr ee country try treat track trunk26) [dr]dr y dream drop drive drink27) [ts]studen ts boots boats goats nuts28) [dz] goo ds woods moods hoods5字母,组合音节发音规律1)a[eI] late private grade bake grape nation station page[æ] active hand bank fan parent family glad flag[ə] accept about above formative machine cinema[ɑ:] fast last glass class past father[ɒ] wash what watch want2)e[i:] appr e ciate extr e mely secret she me he[e] l e tter left message generate pebble[І]decide pretty previous result restore[ə]problem prosperous student confident不发音active table late wife store lecture3)I[aI] high price library ice wife size line[I] fist pick chicken piano fiancécity unit4)o[əʊ]lode host cold note okay old home[u:] lose do who whose prove[ʌ] love some other mother honey company[ə] today tomorrow together control collect[ɒ] lost hot mock office soft honest5)u[ju] university refuse unique universe huge[ʊ]put push pull full bull[ʌ] but brush bucket duck bubble[k] country camp camera courage cable[s] city ceiling celebrate cell cease7)g[g] girl grade glass glade bag flag[dʒ] village vegetable bridge gentleman gym [ŋ]long song sing morning evening8) l [l] 读音不同listen learn language collect English gorilla world cold soil tall sell cool animal9) n[n]moon night noodle number[ŋ]uncle hungry angry young10) r[r] right read write grade progress[r] (美语发音)card board door floor form north 11)y[j] yellow year yell young yolk[І] university country pretty happy[aІ]dyke dying fly buy by my12)ar[ɑ:] farm card garden mark[ə] dollar [ɔ:] warm quarrel quarter13) ea[i:]cease season breathe feature meat please [e] bread breast breath meadow weather [eІ]great break [iə]idea realize14) ear[ə:] learn earth earn heard[Іə] hear near clear ear fear15) er[ə:] deserve serve her person[ə] teacher driver anger singer[Іə] serious experience mysterious fierce16)ere[Іə] here mere fere sere[eə] there17) ir[ə:] shirt girl skirt[u:] room tool cool moon noon goof food[ʊ] good foot stood wood wool cook wood book[ʌ] blood flood [ɔ:] door floor19) or[ɔ:] short form corn born for[З:] work world worm word worst[ə] tractor doctor actor sector senior senator20) oor[ɔ:] door floor [ʊə] moor poor boor21) our[aʊə]hour tour flour bourn lour[ɔ:] pour court four mourn22) ou[aʊ] house mouth mouse sound ound[ʌ] enough trouble touch[ə] delicious gracious prosperous23) ow[əʊ] window meadow know show low[aʊ] now town how down cow24) se[z] nose suppose gose lose pose rose[s] mouse house25) th[θ]thank think thought cloth[ð] clothes that this then than26) sion[ʃən] propulsion tension progression passion[ʒən]protrusion provision conclusion television27) tion[ʃən] station nation translation attention[tʃən] (不常见) question中西方餐桌礼仪文化差异总结饮食文化、餐具、进餐方式以及一系列的餐桌礼仪等都反映了不同民族的社会生活样式和文化取向。

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辅音:发音时气流在通道上受到发音器官阻碍的音素叫辅音。

其中声带振动的叫浊辅音,声带不振动的叫清辅音。

清辅音:(11个)[p][t][k][f][s][θ][h][ʃ][tʃ][ts][tr]
浊辅音:(17个)[b][d][ɡ][v][z][ð][r][ʒ][dʒ][dz][dr][m][n][ŋ][l][w][j]爆破音:(6个)[p][t][k][b][d][ɡ]
摩擦音:(10个)[f][s][θ][h][ʃ][v][z][ð][r][ʒ]
破擦音:(6个)[tʃ][ts][tr][dʒ][dz][dr]
鼻音:(3个)[m][n][ŋ]
舌边音:(1个)[l]
半元音:(2个)[w][j]
28个辅音音标的发音:
[p]双唇紧闭,然后快速张开,让气流冲出口腔,但声带不振动。

put, pull [b]口型同[p],但声带振动。

but, basket, bottle, job
[t]舌端紧贴上齿龈,形成阻碍,然后突然下降,气流冲出口腔,但声带不振动。

tell,note, student, study
[d]口型同[t],但声带振动。

bird, debate, advertisement, student
[k]舌后部隆起,紧贴软腭,形成阻碍,然后突然离开,气流冲出口腔,但声带不振动。

come, communicate, kick, chemical
[ɡ]口型同[k],声带振动。

go, dog, school
[f]上齿轻轻接触下唇,然后吹气,气流从唇齿间的缝隙中通过,形成摩擦,但声带不振动。

soft, photo, find
[v]口型同[f],但声带振动。

vote, seven
[s]双唇微微张开,舌端靠近齿龈,不要贴住,气流从舌端和齿龈间缝隙中通过,但声带不振动。

sight, glass,excited
[z]口型同[s],但声带振动。

zoo, because, exist
[θ]舌尖微微伸出,上下齿轻轻咬住舌尖,送气,但声带不振动。

think, faith [ð]上下齿轻轻咬住舌尖,送气,但声带需振动。

though, then
[h]嘴唇自然张开,自然呵气,气流从声门轻微摩擦而出,声带不振动。

head
[l]舌尖紧贴上齿龈,气流从舌的两侧送出,如果出现在词尾或辅音前,舌后部稍稍抬起。

letter, bottle, oneself, national,
[ʃ]双唇收圆并稍微突出,略成长方形,舌身隆起,声带不振动。

shop, push [ʒ]口型同[ʃ],但声带振动。

usual,pleasure, measure
[r]舌尖向上齿龈后部卷起,舌身略成凹形,双唇稍微突出,气流从舌面与硬腭之间泄出,声带振动。

fruit, write
[tʃ]双唇略微张开突出,舌尖抵住上齿龈,用力吐气,声带不振动。

chocolate [dʒ]口型同[tʃ],但声带振动。

jeep, large
[ts]舌尖贴住上齿龈,堵住气流,使气流从舌尖和齿龈间送出,声带不振动。

cats [dz]口型同[ts],但声带振动。

birds, beds
[tr]双唇收圆向前突出,舌尖上翘抵住上齿龈,采取伐[r]的姿势,声带不振动。

treat, treasure, betray
[dr]口型同[tr],但声带振动。

dress, drop, strong,stress
鼻音
[m]双唇紧闭,软腭下垂,舌头平放,气流从鼻腔送出,声带振动。

map,member [n]双唇微开,舌尖抵上齿龈,气流从鼻孔里出来,声带振动。

note, nine,thin [ŋ]舌后部隆起,紧贴软腭,气流从鼻腔送出,声带振动。

king, English, think
半元音
[w]舌后部向软腭抬起,双唇收圆,并向前突出,舌后部抬起,嘴慢慢向两边滑开,声带振动。

wine, wish,
[j]舌前部尽量向硬腭抬起,嘴形成微笑状,双唇扁平,声带振动。

yes, yesterday, year, young,。

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