初中语法 主语从句讲解及(完整版)

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初中英语重点语法:主语从句

初中英语重点语法:主语从句

初中英语重点语法:主语从句一、主语从句的概念与类型主语从句在复合句中作主句的主语,引导主语从句的词有从属连词that, whether以及连接代词who, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever和连接副词when, where, why, how等.例如:That she was chosen made us very happy.她当选了使我们很高兴.What caused the accident is a complete mystery.是什么导致了这次事故还完全是一个谜.Whether she will come or not is still a question.她是否来还是一个问题.Which team will win the match is still unknown.哪个队会赢得这场比赛还不知道.Whoever comes to the party will receive a present.参加聚会的每一个人都将收到一份礼物.When they will start has not been decided yet.他们何时出发还没决定.注意:上述例句中的主语从句都是放在句首,但有时为了使句子结构平衡,避免'头重脚轻',常用it作形式主语,而把从句放在后面.例如:It is a pity that she has made such a mistake.她犯了这样一个错误,真是遗憾.It depends on the climate whether they are going shopping today.他们是否今天去购物还得看天气情况.这样就构成了下面一些常用句型:1)It is + adj. / n. +从句It is a pity/shame that...遗憾的是……It is possible that...很可能……It is unlikely that...不可能……2)It +不及物动词+从句It seems/appears that...似乎……It happened that...碰巧……3)It + be +过去分词+从句It is said that...据说……It is known to all that...众所周知……It is reported that...据报道……It is believed that...据信……;人们相信……It is suggested that...有人建议……It must be pointed out that...必须指出……It has been proved that...已证明…….例如:It is believed that at least a score of buildings were damaged or destroyed.据信,至少有二十座楼房遭到破坏或彻底毁掉.It is suggested that the meeting should be put off.有人建议会议延期召开.It's reported that three people were killed in the accident and five were hurt badly.据报道,事故中三人丧生,五人重伤.It is known to all that Taiwan is aninseparable part of China.众所周知,台湾是中国不可分割的一部分.[巩固练习]1. Does _______ matter if he can't finish the job on time?A. this B. that C. he D. it2. It worried her a bit _______ her hair was turning grey.A. which B. that C. if D. for3. _______ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.A. ThereB. ThisC. ThatD. It二、学习主语从句应该注意的几个问题1)引导词that与whatwhat既有引导主语从句的作用,同时又在从句中作句子成分(主语、宾语、表语等).这时what相当于all that/everything that...,常译成'所……的(东西、事情、话等.)';而that 只起连接作用,本身无实际意义,在从句中也不担当任何句子成分.但that 引导的主语从句放在句首时,不能省略that.例如:What is done can't be undone. (谚语)已成定局,无可挽回.What we can't get seems better than what we have.我们得不到的东西似乎比已得到的要好.That we should work out a plan to deal with the present serious situation is important.我们应该制定一项计划来应付目前严峻的形势,这一点非常重要.That a new teacher will come to teach us geography is true.一位新老师将来教我们地理,这是真的.[巩固练习]4. _______ what they told me really true?A. Has B. Is C. Does D. Have5. It matters little _______ a man dies, but _______ matters much is _______ he lives.A. how; what; how B. how; it; how C. why; it; why D. that; what; that6. _______ she couldn't understand was _______ fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons.A. What; why B. That; what C. What; because D. Why; that7. It is pretty well understood _______ controls the flow of carbon dioxide in and out the atmosphere today.A. that B. when C. what D. how8. _______ fashion differs from country to country may reflect the cultural differences from one aspect.A. What B. That C. This D. Which9. -What made her parents so angry?- _______ she had failed in the examination.A. As B. BecauseC. SinceD. That2)引导词if和whetherif和whether引导动词后的宾语从句时一般可通用,但介词后的宾语从句、主语从句(放在句首时)、表语从句常由whether引导.例如:Whether she will go home or not is unknown.她是否回家还不得而知.Whether we shall raise ducks or geese remains to be decided.我们是养鸭还是养鹅仍没决定.=It remains to be decided whether/if we shall raise ducks or geese.[巩固练习]10. _______ we'll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.A. If B. Whether C. That D. Where3)其它引导词连接代词who, which, whom, whose有各自的意义,起连接作用,并在从句中充当语、宾语、表语、定语等;连接副词when,where, why, how等有各自的意义,起连接作用,并在从句中充当状语.[巩固练习]11. -Do you remember _______ he came?-Yes, I do. He came by car.A. how B. when C. that D. if12. It was a matter of _______ would take the position.A. who B. whose C. whom D. whomever13. -I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.-Is that _______ you had a few days off?A. why B. when C. what D. where14. I read about it in some book or other, does it matter _______ it was?A. where B. what C. how D. which三、语气在It is necessary / natural / important / strange...+ that-clause这类句型里,that所引导的主语从句中谓语动词用'should +原形',表虚似语气.例如:It is necessary that the problem should be settled at once.这个问题必须马上解决.It's strange that he should have gone away without telling us.他竟然没向我们说一声就走了,真是奇怪.[巩固练习]15. It is necessary that a college student _______ atleast a foreign language.A. masters B. should master C. masteredD. will master四、以it作形式主语的主语从句与强调句型的区别'It be + adj./n. + that-clause'与强调句型均有It be...that...之类的语言标志,但不同的是:①前者中的that从句是主语从句.若删掉其中的It be和that,则剩余部分不论结构还是语意都不能成为一个句子;但若将后者中的It be和that去掉,则剩余部分的结构和语意仍能构成一个完整的句子.②强调句型译为汉语时可加上'正是……'或'就是……'之类的字眼,而主语从句则不可以.请比较下面两个句子:It is surprising that Mary should have won first place.令人惊奇的是玛莉竟然获得了第一名.It is Mary that has won first place.正是玛莉得了第一名.第一句话中的It是形式主语,that引导的是主语从句.句中的It is和that无法删除,一旦删除句子就不成立.第二句是强调句型,其中的It is和that可以去掉,因为没有It is和that句子仍然很通顺.Key: 1-5 DBDBA 6-10 ACBDB 11-15 AAADB。

(完整版)初中英语从句语法讲解

(完整版)初中英语从句语法讲解

从句从句按其在复合句中的作用,分为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、定语从句和状语从句等。

(参见以下各条)3、各从句在句子中的位置以及用法:(1) 表语从句:在句子中作连系动词的表语的从句,它位于主句中的系动词之后。

例如:That is why he did not come to school yesterday. / It is because you are so clever.(2) 宾语从句:在句子中作及物动词或介词的宾语。

①基本形式:(主句+)连词+从句主语+从句谓语+...②关于宾语从句连词的选择:若从句来源于一个陈述句,那么,连词用that,在口语中that可以省略;若从句来源于一个一般疑问句,连词则用if 或whether;若从句来源于一个特殊疑问句,则连词就是疑问词(如what,who,where,when等)例如:They believe that the computer will finally take the place of human beings.(他们相信计算机终将代替人类。

) (从句本来就是陈述句)/ I wonder whether I should saysomething for him to the headmaster. (我不知道是不是该为他在校长跟前说点什么。

) (从句来源于一般问句Shall I say something for him to the headmaster?)/ He asked mewhere he could get such medicine. (他问我在哪儿能搞到那样的药。

) (从句来源于特殊问句Where can he get such medicine? )③宾语从句的时态问题:如果主句是现在时,从句则用现在某一时态,甚至可以用过去时;如主句是过去时,从句则相应地使用过去某一时态,遇到客观真理时仍然用现在时。

如:I think Iwill do better in English this term. (我想本学期我的英语会学得好点。

初中英语主语从句

初中英语主语从句

初中英语主语从句主语从句是英语语法中的一个重要概念,在句子中起到主语的作用。

掌握主语从句的用法对于提高英语的句子结构和语法的准确性至关重要。

本文将详细介绍初中英语主语从句的定义、用法、结构以及常见的引导词。

同时,提供一些例句和练习,帮助读者更好地理解和应用主语从句。

一、定义主语从句,顾名思义,即可在句子中作主语的从句。

它通常由连词引导,放在句首,并且在句子中起到主语的作用。

主语从句可以是一个完整的句子,也可以是一个简单的短语。

二、用法1. 主语从句可以替代一个复杂的名词短语作为句子的主语,使句子更加简洁明了。

例如:- Whether she will come to the party is still unknown.(她是否会来参加聚会还不确定。

)- What you said is very important.(你说的话非常重要。

)2. 主语从句常出现在以"It is"开头的句子中,这种句子结构被称为"It is"句型。

主语从句位于"It is"之后,形成强调句型。

例如: - It is important to learn a foreign language.(学习一门外语很重要。

)- It is necessary that we should protect the environment.(我们有必要保护环境。

)3. 主语从句可以通过引导词来引导,根据不同的情况选择合适的引导词。

下面是一些常见的引导词及其用法:- Whether(是否):用于对一个选择或问题进行提问。

例如:I don't know whether he will come or not.(我不知道他会不会来。

) - That(是否):用于对一个陈述性语句提问。

例如:That he is a doctor is well-known.(他是医生是众所周知的。

(完整版)主语从句详解+例句

(完整版)主语从句详解+例句

(完整版)主语从句详解+例句主语从句是复合句中的一个重要成分,由一个从句作为主语,起到句子中主语的作用。

本文将详细介绍主语从句的结构和用法,并提供一些例句进行说明。

1. 主语从句的结构主语从句由引导词和一个从句组成,引导词在句子中充当主语的角色。

常见的引导词有:- that- whether/if- who- whom- which- what- whoever- whatever主语从句的结构可以是以下几种形式:- 陈述句形式:[that + 陈述句]- 一般疑问句形式:[whether/if + 陈述句]- 特殊疑问句形式:[疑问词 + 陈述句]2. 主语从句的用法- 主语从句可以替代主句中的名词或名词短语作为主语,使句子更加简洁明了。

例如:- That he is late is unacceptable.(他迟到是不能接受的。

)- What you said surprised me.(你说的话让我很吃惊。

)- 主语从句常用于强调句型中,强调句型的结构为:[It + 系动词 + 主语从句 + 其他成分]。

例如:- It is important that we take action now.(我们现在采取行动是很重要的。

)- It doesn't matter what they think.(他们怎么想并不重要。

)3. 主语从句的例句- That he didn't show up was disappointing.(他没有露面是令人失望的。

)- Whether she will join us is still unknown.(她是否会加入我们还不知道。

)- Who will be the winner is yet to be determined.(谁将会是胜利者还有待确定。

)- It is surprising that they didn't invite him.(他们没有邀请他是令人惊讶的。

初中英语2023中考主语从句知识讲解

初中英语2023中考主语从句知识讲解

中考英语主语从句一、主语从句用法根据咱之前学习的5种句子结构, 每种结构中都有主语, 相应的, 主语从句也可以用在这5种结构中:主谓主谓宾主谓宾宾补主谓间宾直宾主系表①通过这5种结构可以发现, 主语都是位于句首, 那么主语从句也是如此.②前4种可以统称为主谓宾结构, 主语后面都跟着谓语, 相应的, 主语从句后面也可以加谓语动词, 通常用使动词/make比较多.- 使动词&make的区别:虽然两者都有让某人...的意思, 使动词既可以做动词, 又可以变成形容词.而make只能做动词, 使用时后面加形容词.【例】这个表演真让我惊讶.The show surprised me.(surprise的使动用法, 这里surprised是过去式, 别和形容词弄混了)The show made me surprised.(surprised是形容词)我对这个表演感到很惊讶.I‘m surprised about the show.(surprised是形容词, 形容的是主观感受)这个表演真令人惊讶.The show is surprising.(surprising是形容词, 主体The show让人感到惊讶)【例】那女孩让我很生气.That girl made me very angry.(angry本身是形容词, 没有使动用法)③主语从句后面可以跟系表结构, “系”通常是be动词, 后面的表语可以是:名词/形容词/介词短语/副词/done.二、That+主语从句名词性从句中, 用that引导从句时,从句得是个陈述句.【例】没有人通过那场考试太让人惊讶了.That no one passed the exam is so surprising.(主语从句+系表, surprising-形容词做表语)没有人通过那场考试, 我们都很惊讶.That no one passed the exam surprised us all.(主语从句+谓宾, surprise-使动用法)你没通过考试, 太可惜了.That you didn't pass the exam was a pity.(主语从句+系表, pity-名词做表语)明天要开会是肯定的.That there will be a meeting tomorrow is for sure.(主语从句+系表, for sure-介词短语做表语)(注意:主语是事/物时, 表示肯定用for sure)他们不确定谁拿走了那本书.(宾语从句)They are not sure who took the book.(主语是人,表示肯定用sure)三、Whether+主语从句名词性从句中, 用Whether/if 引导从句时,从句得是个一般疑问句.①主语从句中, 由于连接词位于句首, 不能使用if(容易与表示“如果”的意思混淆), 只能用Whether引导.②由于主语是一个句子, 相当于单数形式, 所以谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式.【例】他知不知道这个消息都不重要.Whether he knows this news is not important.明天是否下雨还不确定.Whether it will rain tomorrow is not for sure.无论你喜不喜欢我都不会影响我们之间的关系.Whether you like me or not will not affect our relationship.(Whether引导的从句可以+or not,但整体表达的意思不变)四、疑问词+主语从句名词性从句中, 用疑问词引导从句时,从句得是个特殊疑问句.即便是特殊疑问句, 也一定记得用陈述语气.(时表词与主语互换位置)1. what引导主语从句【例】他做的事儿挺让人尴尬的.What he did(主) was(系) embarrassing.(表)大家到这里对结构一定要滚瓜烂熟!我需要的是你的支持.What I need(主) is(系) your support.(表)他所揭露的震惊了在场的所有人.What he revealed(主) shocked(谓) everyone(宾) present(宾补).这些小动物需要的是温暖的窝.What these small animals need(主) is a warm nest.(注意系语用第三人称单数形式)我在意的是他的态度.What I care about is his attitude.(care是不及物动词, 后面必须要加介词)2. How引导主语从句【例】他如何提前完成任务的并不重要.How he finished tasks ahead of time is not important.这个蛋糕是如何被制作出来的已经被她知道了.How this cake was made has been known by her.3. when引导主语从句【例】他什么时候回来的没人知道.When he came back is unknown.你什么时候开始写作业都无所谓.When you start to do your homework makes no difference.4. where引导主语从句【例】他在哪里上大学对他的就业很重要.Where he went to college is important for his career.他哪里了让我们很担心.Where he went worries us.会议在哪举行还不确定.Where the meeting will be held is not sure.5. who引导定语从句【例】谁拿走的那本书还不知道.Who took the book away is still unknown.我昨天在街上碰到的那个人长得很帅.Who I met on the street yesterday is handsome.今早给我打电话的那个人是个骗子.Who called me this morning is a liar.刚才给你电话号码的那个人喜欢你.Who gave the phone number to you just now likes you.五、疑问词+ever+主语从句如果在疑问词词尾+ever, 其实也属于是疑问词的一种.如:whoever-无论谁whenever-无论什么时候whatever-不管什么wherever-无论在哪...疑问词+ever引导主语从句, 用法和疑问词相同.【例】无论谁今早给我打电话都是骗子.Whoever called me this morning is a liar.无论他说什么都不可信.Whatever he said(says) can not be trusted.关于从句的时态问题, 要根据具体的说话情景去判断用什么时态, 有的时候用任何时态都合理, 那就选一个时态去写句子, 只要熟悉主语从句的用法即可.你什么时候给我打电话都可以.Whenever you call me is OK.无论你去哪上大学都不重要.Wherever you go to college is not important.。

主语从句讲解

主语从句讲解

一、主语从句的引导词主语从句通常由连词that和whether、连接代词或连接副词以及关系代词型what引导。

1. that引导That he is still alive is a wonder. 他还活着,真是奇迹。

That we shall be late is certain. 我们要晚了,这是确定无疑的。

That he should have ignored the working class was natural. 他忽视工人阶级是很自然的。

That she is still alive is a consolation. 她还活着是使人感到宽慰的。

That she became an artist may have been due to her father’s influence. 她成为画家可能是受她父亲的影响。

That you are coming to London is the best news I have heard this long time. 你将来伦敦是好久以来我听到的最好消息。

That she was chosen made a tremendous stir in her village. 她被挑选上,在她村子里引起很大轰动。

2. whether引导Whether it will do us harm remains to be seen. 是否对我们有害还要看一看。

Whether they would support us was a problem. 他们是否会支持我们还是一个问题。

3. 连接代词引导Whoever is top from wins the game when two matched players meet. 两强相争勇者胜。

Whichever (of you) comes in first will receive a prize. 无论(你们)谁先到都可以得奖。

主语从句详解及练习 附答案

主语从句详解及练习 附答案

语法要点剖析一、名词性从句主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句,在整个句子中所起的作用,相当于一个名词。

因此,这四种从句通称为名词性从句。

引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类:连接词:that, whether, if (不充当从句的任何成分)连接代词:what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which.连接副词:when, where, how, why1. 主语从句作句子主语的从句叫主语从句。

主语从句通常由从属连词that,whether,if和连接代词what,who,which,whatever,whoever以及连接副词how,when,where,why等词引导。

that在句中无词义,只起连接作用;连接代词和连接副词在句中既保留自己的疑问含义、又起连接作用,在从句中充当从句的成分。

例如:What he wants to tell us is not clear. 他要跟我们说什么,还不清楚。

It is known to us how he became a writer. 我们都知道他是如何成为一名作家的。

Where the English evening will be held has not yet been announced.英语晚会将在哪里举行,还没有宣布。

有时为避免句子头重脚轻,常用形式主语it代替主语从句作形式主语放于句首,而把主语从句置于句末。

主语从句后的谓语动词一般用单数形式。

常用句型如下:(1)It + be + 名词+ that从句(2)It + be + 形容词+ that从句(3)It + be + 动词的过去分词+ that从句(4)It + 不及物动词+ that 从句另注意在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等语气时,谓语动词要用虚拟语气“(should) +do”,常用的句型有:It is necessary (important, natural, strange, etc.) that …It is a pity (a shame, no wonder, etc.) that…It is suggested (requested, proposed, desired, etc.) that…2. 宾语从句名词句用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。

初中英语知识归纳主语从句和宾语从句的用法和位置

初中英语知识归纳主语从句和宾语从句的用法和位置

初中英语知识归纳主语从句和宾语从句的用法和位置主语从句和宾语从句是英语中常见的从句类型。

它们在句子中分别作为主语和宾语的成分,具有重要的作用。

下面将对主语从句和宾语从句的用法和位置进行归纳总结。

一、主语从句的用法和位置主语从句是在一个句子中作为主语的从句。

它引导整个句子的主干,起着承前启后的作用。

常用的引导主语从句的连词有:that, whether, who, whom, which, what, why, how等。

1. 引导词“that”的用法和位置:that引导的主语从句常用于陈述句中,作为主语置于句首。

例如:That he is late again is really annoying.(他又迟到了真是让人生气。

)2. 引导词“whether”的用法和位置:whether引导的主语从句常用于陈述句中,作为主语置于句首。

例如:Whether he will come or not is still unknown.(他是否会来还不清楚。

)3. 引导词“who, whom, which, what”的用法和位置:这些引导词常用于疑问句中,作为主语置于句首。

例如:Who will go with me to the party is still undecided.(谁将和我一起去参加派对还未决定。

)4. 引导词“why”的用法和位置:why引导的主语从句常用于疑问句中,作为主语置于句首。

例如:Why she did that remains a mystery.(她为什么这么做仍然是个谜。

)二、宾语从句的用法和位置宾语从句是在一个句子中作为宾语的从句。

它通常出现在一些动词后面,如:think, believe, know, say, tell等。

常用的引导宾语从句的连词有:that, whether, if, who, whom, which, what, why, how等。

1. 引导词“that”的用法和位置:that引导的宾语从句常用于动词后面,作为宾语置于动词之后。

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主语从句:即在复杂句中充当主语成分的句子
例如"That he finished writing the composition in such a short time surprised us all",他在很短的时间内写完作文让我们都很惊讶, 此复合句主要描述的是某事让我们惊讶,某事就是该复合句的主语,因此"That he finished writing the composition in such a short time" 便是该复合句的主语从句。

主语从句使用陈述语序,其通常结构为“引导词+ 主语+ 谓语+ 其他成分”;但当连接代词同时充当从句主语时,其结构为“连接代词+ 谓语+ 其他成分”。

时态:主语从句的时态不受主句时态的影响和限制
引导主语从句的连词主要有:
从属连词:that、whether (只起连接作用,不充当句子成分)
连接代词:who、whoever、whom、whose、what 、whatever 、which 、whichever (既有连接作用,又做从句的主语、宾语、表语或定语)
连接副词:when、where 、how 、why whenever、wherever(既有连接作用,又做从句的状语)
例句:
1. that引导
例句:That you are coming to London is the best news I have heard this long time. 你将来伦敦是好久以来我听到的最好消息。

2. whether引导
例句:Whether they would support us was a problem. 他们是否会支持我们还是一个问题。

3. 连接代词引导
例句:Whoever is top from wins the game when two matched players meet. 两强相争勇者胜。

4. 连接副词引导
例句:How this happended is not clear to anyone. 这件事怎样发生的,谁也不清楚。

5. what引导
例句:What struck me was that they have all suffered a lot. 给我很深印象的是他们都受过很多苦。

一、形式主语it
有时为了考虑句子平衡,避免句子头重脚轻,通常在主语从句处使用形式主语it,而将真正的主语从句移至句末。

常用句型如下:
(1)It + be + 形容词+ that 从句
(2) It + be + 名词+ that 从句
(3) It + be + 动词的过去分词+ that 从句
例1:That they refuse to sign the petition required great courage. (他们拒绝在请愿书上签字这是需要很大勇气的。


It做形式主语:It required great courage that they refuse to sign the petition.
例2:What he meant is clear enough . 他是什么意思很清楚。

It做形式主语:It is clear enough what he meant.
如果句子是疑问句,则必须用带形式主语it的结构:
例句:Is it true that he is the girl’s father? 他是那女孩的父亲,是真的吗?
二、连词that的省略问题
引导主语从句的连词that 有时可省,有时不能省,其原则是:若that引导的主语从句直接位于句首,则that不能省略;若that引导的主语从句位于句末,而在句首使用了形式主语it,则that可以省略:
例句:That you didn’t go to the talk was a pity. 很遗憾你没去听报告。

(that不可省) 例句:It was a pity (that) you didn’t go to the talk. 很遗憾你没去听报告。

(that可省) 三、主句的谓语动词使用问题
一般情况下,主语从句做主语相当于第三人称单数做主语,主句的谓语动词用单数;如果由and 连接两个或两个以上的主语从句做主语,则主句的谓语动词用复数。

(区别:看到底
有几个主语从句做主语)。

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